Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661804More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662102More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663445More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	554	...	...	268	...	...	4,206	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	327	...	...	189	...	...	2,923	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	299	...	...	177	...	...	2,542	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19,507.0	...	...	9,436.6	...	...	16,201.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	555	265	290	270	130	135	4,205	2,170	2,035
0 to 14 years	55	30	20	15	5	10	390	185	205
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	5	5	5	215	95	120
5 to 9 years	20	10	5	5	0	0	100	50	55
10 to 14 years	10	5	10	5	0	0	75	40	35
15 to 64 years	345	180	165	240	120	120	3,595	1,865	1,735
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	5	5	0	100	50	45
20 to 24 years	30	15	20	20	10	10	295	140	160
25 to 29 years	50	30	20	45	15	30	715	365	350
30 to 34 years	55	30	25	55	30	30	820	450	370
35 to 39 years	35	25	10	40	20	25	490	265	220
40 to 44 years	40	10	30	20	10	5	335	175	155
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	15	5	5	215	125	90
50 to 54 years	25	10	15	15	10	5	230	105	125
55 to 59 years	30	20	10	10	5	5	215	95	120
60 to 64 years	30	10	15	10	5	10	195	100	95
65 years and over	160	55	100	10	5	5	215	120	95
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	5	0	5	120	65	60
70 to 74 years	40	15	25	10	5	0	55	30	25
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	0	0	0	25	20	5
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
85 years and over	45	5	40	5	5	0	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	20	5	20	5	5	0	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.9	11.3	6.9	5.6	3.8	7.4	9.3	8.5	10.1
15 to 64 years	62.2	67.9	56.9	88.9	92.3	88.9	85.5	85.9	85.3
65 years and over	28.8	20.8	34.5	3.7	3.8	3.7	5.1	5.5	4.7
85 years and over	8.1	1.9	13.8	1.9	3.8	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
Average age of the population	47.6	42.6	52.4	36.8	37.6	36.0	36.0	36.3	35.6
Median age of the population	44.0	38.8	49.2	33.6	35.6	33.2	33.2	33.6	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	300	...	...	180	...	...	2,545	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...	145	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	0	...	...	2,375	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	300	...	...	175	...	...	2,540	...	...
1 person	175	...	...	105	...	...	1,355	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	55	...	...	870	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	190	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	0	...	...	100	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	485	250	235	270	130	135	4,205	2,175	2,030
Average household size	1.6	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	505	235	265	255	125	130	3,815	1,985	1,830
Married or living common-law	175	90	90	105	55	50	1,865	985	880
Married	60	30	35	25	10	10	960	495	465
Living common-law	115	60	55	80	45	40	905	490	415
Living common law - Never married	105	50	55	75	40	35	795	430	370
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	0	5	0	0	95	55	40
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	330	145	180	150	70	80	1,955	1,005	950
Not married and not living common law - Never married	220	115	105	130	65	60	1,630	875	755
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	5	0	5	65	30	40
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	55	20	40	10	0	15	220	85	130
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	45	10	35	5	0	0	40	15	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	105	...	...	65	...	...	1,075	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	50	...	...	780	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	10	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.3	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	60	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total couple families	85	...	...	50	...	...	915	...	...
Married couples	25	...	...	10	...	...	460	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	10	...	...	190	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	5	...	...	270	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	35	...	...	455	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	30	...	...	390	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	15	...	...	160	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	5	...	...	135	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,205	2,175	2,030
Total - Persons in census families	260	135	130	140	75	70	2,590	1,275	1,310
Married spouses or common-law partners	165	85	80	100	55	50	1,825	970	855
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	20	10	5	10	165	20	140
Children⁶	75	45	30	25	15	15	600	285	315
In a two-parent family	45	30	15	20	5	10	380	175	200
In a one-parent family	25	15	15	10	5	0	220	110	115
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	220	115	110	125	60	70	1,615	895	720
Living alone	175	85	85	105	50	50	1,355	755	595
Living with other relatives⁷	5	5	5	5	5	5	80	30	50
Living with non-relatives only	40	20	20	20	5	10	180	105	70
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	295	...	...	175	...	...	2,540	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	100	...	...	60	...	...	1,050	...	...
Couple-family households	80	...	...	55	...	...	900	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	10	...	...	245	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	40	...	...	650	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	10	...	...	155	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	10	...	...	115	...	...
One-person households	175	...	...	105	...	...	1,355	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	435	220	215	250	125	125	3,815	1,990	1,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	210	210	250	125	125	3,720	1,940	1,780
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,800	33,200	41,200	41,600	41,200	62,000	73,000	51,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	210	210	250	125	125	3,720	1,940	1,780
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	32,800	30,600	37,200	36,000	37,600	50,800	58,400	44,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	330	170	160	230	115	115	3,535	1,865	1,670
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	40,000	36,000	37,200	36,000	40,400	61,600	73,500	49,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	300	150	145	210	110	105	3,205	1,720	1,485
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,600	36,000	37,600	36,400	41,600	62,400	72,500	52,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	345	165	180	205	100	110	2,390	1,130	1,260
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	11,200	11,400	7,100	8,000	5,000	5,280	4,120	6,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	35	30	30	15	20	305	140	165
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,040	5,920	6,000	x	x	5,480	4,400	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	125	60	60	85	55	40	985	475	510
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	10,000	8,000	9,800	8,900	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	425	210	220	260	145	120	3,785	1,980	1,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	205	220	260	140	120	3,700	1,935	1,765
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	43,600	46,000	66,000	68,000	63,000	90,300	113,100	65,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	205	220	260	140	120	3,700	1,935	1,765
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,800	38,400	52,000	54,000	49,000	66,200	79,700	51,350
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	170	145	245	130	110	3,480	1,850	1,625
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	42,000	53,000	63,200	66,000	60,000	90,300	113,800	63,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	285	150	135	225	125	105	3,155	1,735	1,420
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	44,000	54,000	64,500	66,000	62,000	89,000	108,700	65,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	175	190	205	100	105	2,315	1,095	1,220
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,680	10,700	12,600	7,950	9,400	6,500	8,540	7,460	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	40	25	30	20	15	260	115	150
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,400	4,000	4,800	8,500	9,000	8,000	8,200	6,000	9,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	70	50	70	45	20	1,005	460	540
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,400	8,400	7,800	8,800	5,200	9,120	8,920	9,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	425	205	215	260	145	120	3,780	1,980	1,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	60	80	155	90	70	1,915	1,110	805
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	60,000	73,500	70,500	83,000	59,200	83,000	88,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,000	70,000	71,000	79,000	82,000	74,000	120,000	144,800	85,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	85	50	70	35	30	1,020	495	525
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	21,200	19,400	30,000	30,000	x	26,800	29,000	23,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	24,000	27,000	34,000	34,000	34,000	40,700	45,200	36,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.0	79.0	76.0	90.0	92.0	92.0	94.0	96.2	90.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	74.0	72.0	86.0	88.0	84.0	84.0	86.2	80.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	20.4	23.6	9.6	10.0	9.2	5.9	3.7	10.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.9	1.0	1.8	1.6	1.6	0.6	0.3	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.0	9.2	4.9	3.7	5.0	2.1	3.0	2.0	4.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	8.5	4.0	3.4	4.8	1.6	2.7	1.9	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	435	220	215	255	125	130	3,815	1,985	1,830
Without total income	15	10	5	5	0	0	95	45	50
With total income	425	215	210	245	120	130	3,720	1,940	1,780
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	15	10	5	5	275	130	145
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	25	30	15	15	285	115	165
$20,000 to $29,999	100	40	60	45	15	30	355	160	195
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	20	40	20	15	310	135	170
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	30	15	15	310	130	175
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	30	15	15	285	110	175
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	10	5	5	260	135	120
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	20	5	10	265	140	125
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	10	10	0	265	150	115
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	10	0	5	175	105	70
$100,000 and over	35	20	15	20	15	10	945	625	320
$100,000 to $149,999	25	10	10	15	10	5	580	375	200
$150,000 and over	15	10	0	10	0	0	370	245	120
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	435	220	215	255	125	130	3,815	1,985	1,830
Without after-tax income	15	10	5	5	0	0	95	45	50
With after-tax income	425	215	210	245	120	130	3,720	1,940	1,780
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	10	5	5	290	135	155
$10,000 to $19,999	60	35	25	30	15	15	290	120	175
$20,000 to $29,999	115	50	65	50	25	30	435	190	245
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30	45	20	20	380	175	210
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	25	40	20	20	435	190	245
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	15	25	10	10	375	190	185
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	20	5	10	390	215	175
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	10	0	5	265	165	100
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	10	5	0	245	165	80
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	10	0	0	160	90	75
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	10	0	5	450	300	145
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	0	0	0	195	115	80
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	5	0	0	260	185	70
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	435	220	215	255	125	130	3,815	1,985	1,830
Without employment income	135	65	70	40	15	25	615	270	340
With employment income	300	155	145	215	105	105	3,205	1,720	1,490
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	25	15	10	285	140	145
$5,000 to $9,999	20	15	10	10	0	5	175	75	100
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	15	30	15	15	230	95	140
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	15	25	10	10	210	110	105
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	15	25	15	5	195	95	105
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	20	10	10	220	95	120
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	20	10	10	225	95	125
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	15	5	5	245	130	115
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	15	5	5	215	120	95
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	10	5	0	245	150	100
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	5	0	5	155	90	65
$100,000 and over	25	20	10	15	15	5	795	525	275
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	5	10	10	0	340	225	115
$125,000 and over	20	15	5	10	5	5	460	300	160
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	435	220	215	250	125	125	3,815	1,990	1,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	200	210	240	120	120	3,615	1,880	1,735
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,400	29,200	35,600	38,800	33,200	56,800	67,500	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	200	210	240	120	120	3,615	1,880	1,735
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	30,200	27,600	31,400	33,200	30,200	47,200	54,800	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	325	165	155	220	105	110	3,425	1,800	1,630
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	42,000	41,200	36,800	39,600	34,000	56,800	68,500	47,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	150	145	200	100	100	3,155	1,675	1,475
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	42,000	40,400	39,600	41,200	36,800	57,600	67,000	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	145	175	195	95	100	2,115	990	1,130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,240	2,020	4,040	1,570	1,510	1,640	1,410	1,350	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	5	15	15	10	10	200	90	110
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	x	x	x	x	x	5,160	3,840	6,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	425	210	220	260	145	120	3,785	1,980	1,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	200	215	260	140	120	3,610	1,875	1,740
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	42,000	43,600	60,800	65,000	56,000	90,400	120,300	58,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	200	215	260	140	120	3,620	1,880	1,740
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,800	34,800	36,400	48,400	51,000	45,000	66,200	85,000	45,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	165	135	240	130	110	3,450	1,800	1,650
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	45,200	56,000	61,600	68,000	55,000	91,900	123,200	57,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	280	150	130	220	120	100	3,175	1,695	1,480
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	45,000	54,000	63,200	68,000	57,000	89,900	118,900	56,550
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	330	160	170	185	100	90	2,125	1,020	1,100
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,440	5,920	10,800	4,520	4,200	4,900	4,460	3,630	5,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	20	20	0	180	80	100
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000	...	...	6,400	6,000	...	7,450	5,400	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	425	205	215	260	145	120	3,780	1,980	1,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	60	80	155	90	65	1,895	1,090	805
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	53,200	52,800	70,000	76,500	62,400	73,000	81,000	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,000	66,000	68,000	72,000	78,000	66,000	120,700	156,000	72,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	85	50	65	35	30	940	440	500
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,000	18,400	45,200	48,000	x	34,800	43,600	31,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,200	30,000	33,000	44,000	48,000	38,000	49,500	57,200	42,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	88.0	80.0	94.0	96.0	92.0	97.2	98.4	94.2
Employment income (%)	77.0	80.0	74.0	90.0	92.0	84.0	87.4	89.4	82.8
Government transfers (%)	15.8	11.4	20.0	5.4	4.6	6.4	2.9	1.6	5.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	x	x	0.9	1.2	x	0.4	0.2	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	300	...	...	175	...	...	2,540	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	54,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	47,200	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	175	...	...	105	...	...	1,355	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	24,200	...	...	45,600	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	24,000	...	...	39,600	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	125	...	...	70	...	...	1,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	66,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	95,000	...	...	130,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	75,000	...	...	95,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	95	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	82,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,500	...	...	48,000	...	...	61,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	85	...	...	1,150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	189,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	136,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	300	...	...	175	...	...	2,545	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	165	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	30	...	...	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	175	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	255	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	5	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	300	...	...	175	...	...	2,545	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	85	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	215	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	195	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	20	...	...	770	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	245	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	165	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	10	...	...	355	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	110	...	...	60	...	...	1,105	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	40	...	...	655	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	10	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	x	...	...	156,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	x	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	10	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	x	...	...	58,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	x	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	220	115	105	120	55	65	1,535	865	670
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	25,200	29,200	23,200	40,800	40,800	43,200	60,800	66,000	56,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,000	27,000	23,200	35,600	34,400	37,600	49,600	52,800	47,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	125	...	...	80	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	193,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	138,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	45	...	...	645	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	225,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	158,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	15	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	240,000	...	...	222,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	160,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	0	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	...	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	x	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	175	90	85	105	55	50	1,540	885	655
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	48,000	35,500	57,000	52,000	62,000	79,200	90,200	64,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	39,000	30,800	46,000	42,000	50,000	60,100	67,200	50,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	485	250	240	270	130	135	4,205	2,170	2,035
0 to 17 years	60	40	20	20	5	10	440	215	230
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	5	5	5	240	115	130
18 to 64 years	335	175	165	235	120	120	3,545	1,835	1,710
65 years and over	90	40	50	15	5	5	215	120	95
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	140	60	80	45	20	25	585	280	310
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	5	5	0	60	30	30
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	65	35	30	40	15	20	470	215	250
65 years and over	70	25	40	5	5	5	60	30	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	28.8	25.0	33.0	18.0	17.0	19.0	13.9	12.8	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	30.0	x	x	13.6	13.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.0	14.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	20.0	20.0	16.0	12.0	19.0	13.2	11.8	14.6
65 years and over (%)	74.0	64.0	84.0	40.0	x	x	26.0	26.0	26.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,205	2,175	2,030
0 to 17 years	55	35	25	15	10	10	445	215	230
0 to 5 years	20	20	5	10	0	5	240	110	125
18 to 64 years	330	170	160	235	115	120	3,540	1,830	1,710
65 years and over	95	45	55	15	5	10	220	125	95
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	45	45	25	5	15	425	210	215
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	60	35	25	25	5	15	350	170	185
65 years and over	30	15	15	0	0	0	35	20	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	19.2	19.0	19.5	9.5	5.0	14.0	10.1	9.8	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.0	8.0	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.5	19.0	17.0	9.0	4.0	14.0	10.0	9.3	10.7
65 years and over (%)	32.0	32.0	32.0	x	x	x	17.0	20.0	14.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	485	250	235	270	130	135	4,205	2,170	2,030
In bottom half of the distribution	305	150	150	165	80	85	1,735	835	905
In bottom decile	135	60	80	45	20	25	520	255	270
In second decile	45	25	15	40	20	20	335	155	180
In third decile	45	25	20	25	15	15	310	150	160
In fourth decile	45	20	25	30	15	10	280	135	145
In fifth decile	40	25	15	25	10	20	285	135	150
In top half of the distribution	185	100	85	95	50	50	2,465	1,340	1,130
In sixth decile	55	30	25	20	10	10	295	150	140
In seventh decile	30	20	15	20	10	15	395	220	180
In eighth decile	45	25	20	15	10	10	365	195	175
In ninth decile	25	10	15	20	10	10	485	275	205
In top decile	30	20	15	20	10	10	925	500	425
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	485	...	...	270	...	...	4,205	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.378	...	...	0.344	...	...	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.518	...	...	0.452	...	...	0.511	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.326	...	...	0.300	...	...	0.393	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.5	...	...	4.2	...	...	6.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,210	2,175	2,035
English only	15	5	10	5	5	5	510	285	225
French only	140	60	80	50	15	30	430	185	250
English and French	325	180	150	215	105	105	3,210	1,685	1,525
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,210	2,175	2,035
English	55	30	25	30	15	15	1,330	705	620
French	415	215	200	225	110	120	2,455	1,255	1,195
English and French	10	5	5	10	5	5	370	190	185
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,210	2,175	2,035
Single responses	465	240	225	250	120	130	3,915	2,020	1,890
Official languages	410	215	195	215	105	110	2,745	1,455	1,295
English	35	20	15	25	15	10	680	375	305
French	370	195	180	195	95	95	2,065	1,075	995
Non-official languages	60	30	30	35	15	15	1,170	570	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	30	30	35	15	15	1,170	570	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	10	0	5	215	120	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5	210	115	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	5	0	0	200	115	90
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	20	5	10
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	15	20	10	10	555	265	290
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	20	15	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	85	40	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	65	25	35
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	70	30	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	10	5	5	320	150	165
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	10	5	10	10	5	5	190	85	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	255	120	135
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	255	120	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	0	5	180	85	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	20	10	10	295	155	145
English and French	10	0	5	15	5	5	115	65	50
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	5	5	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,210	2,175	2,035
English	30	15	15	15	5	10	730	385	345
French	355	180	175	160	80	85	1,640	835	805
Non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	5	260	115	145
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	5	5	5	0	5	260	115	145
English and French	35	20	15	50	25	25	650	370	275
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	0	325	165	155
French and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	20	10	10	190	80	110
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	15	10	5	400	215	190
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	485	250	235	270	130	140	4,210	2,175	2,035
Single responses	460	240	220	250	120	125	3,845	1,980	1,860
Official languages	445	235	210	230	115	120	3,335	1,745	1,590
English	50	30	20	30	15	20	1,170	630	545
French	395	205	195	200	100	100	2,160	1,115	1,045
Non-official languages	15	5	10	15	5	10	510	240	270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	5	10	15	5	10	510	240	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	225	105	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	50	15	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	40	15	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	40	15	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	130	60	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	5	5	0	5	5	5	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	20	5	10	365	195	175
English and French	10	0	10	15	5	10	170	100	70
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	5	60	20	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	485	250	235	270	130	135	4,205	2,175	2,030
None	415	210	210	200	95	105	2,925	1,490	1,435
English	20	10	10	35	20	10	435	230	205
French	15	10	0	15	5	10	260	140	120
Non-official language	15	10	10	10	5	5	250	135	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	10	5	5	250	135	115
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	5	0	0	135	70	60
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	5	0	110	55	50
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Official languages	455	240	215	285	150	135	4,045	2,125	1,920
English	305	170	135	245	125	115	3,640	1,930	1,710
French	450	235	215	285	150	135	3,570	1,850	1,720
Non-official languages	135	65	65	40	20	25	1,930	995	935
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	65	65	40	20	25	1,930	995	935
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	400	215	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	395	210	180
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	0	0	0	360	195	170
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	10	0	10	95	35	55
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	10	0	10	55	15	35
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	45	25	10	15	1,055	570	485
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	75	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	60	35	25
German	15	10	10	0	0	0	60	35	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	40	25	10	15	760	405	345
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0	190	120	70
Portuguese	15	0	10	0	0	0	75	45	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Spanish	55	25	30	25	10	15	520	260	250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	35
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	100	175
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	100	175
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	80	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15	0	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	445	235	210	280	150	125	4,075	2,130	1,945
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
Owner	35	...	...	40	...	...	1,405	...	...
Renter	250	...	...	140	...	...	1,155	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
Condominium	30	...	...	35	...	...	2,130	...	...
Not condominium	260	...	...	140	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	170	...	...	80	...	...	1,325	...	...
2 bedrooms	100	...	...	90	...	...	970	...	...
3 bedrooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	200	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	235	...	...	145	...	...	2,140	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	20	...	...	285	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.7	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
One person or fewer per room	290	...	...	175	...	...	2,550	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
Suitable	290	...	...	175	...	...	2,460	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	0	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
1960 or before	140	...	...	80	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	60	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	755	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	260	...	...	165	...	...	2,470	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	15	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
One-maintainer household	170	...	...	110	...	...	1,725	...	...
Two-maintainer household	125	...	...	70	...	...	820	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	125	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	65	...	...	1,060	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	60	...	...	585	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	25	...	...	315	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	20	...	...	315	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	0	...	...	140	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,540	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	160	...	...	1,885	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	20	...	...	650	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	20	...	...	530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	290	...	...	180	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	35	...	...	775	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	15	...	...	575	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	235	...	...	150	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	290	...	...	175	...	...	2,420	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Not in core need	265	...	...	175	...	...	2,325	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40	...	...	40	...	...	1,405	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.0	...	...	62.5	...	...	85.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	23.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,550	...	...	1,380	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,280	...	...	2,036	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	428,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	520,000	...	...	640,000	...	...	590,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	255	...	...	135	...	...	1,160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	31.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	28.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	795	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	960	...	...	1,364	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	460	240	220	285	150	130	4,100	2,145	1,955
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	15	0	10	75	35	40
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	15	0	10	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	15	0	10	65	30	35
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	445	235	210	260	145	120	4,020	2,100	1,920
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	460	235	225	280	150	135	4,100	2,145	1,955
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	390	200	195	245	130	110	3,380	1,785	1,590
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30	30	0	25	15	15	345	180	170
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	365	170	195	215	120	95	3,035	1,610	1,425
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	70	40	35	40	20	20	720	355	365
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	460	235	225	280	150	135	4,100	2,145	1,955
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	315	155	160	200	110	95	2,590	1,370	1,230
Immigrants⁸¹	130	75	55	60	35	25	1,180	595	585
Before 1980	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
1980 to 1990	20	0	15	0	0	0	60	35	30
1991 to 2000	30	20	10	15	0	0	195	100	90
2001 to 2010	30	20	10	10	10	0	345	170	175
2011 to 2021⁸²	55	30	30	35	20	20	500	260	240
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	20	10	10	185	95	85
2016 to 2021	45	25	25	20	10	10	315	160	155
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	10	10	25	10	15	330	180	150
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	130	75	55	60	35	25	1,180	595	580
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
5 to 14 years	15	10	10	0	0	0	175	105	70
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	15	15	0	195	110	80
25 to 44 years	85	55	30	40	20	25	665	330	335
45 years and over	15	10	0	0	0	0	60	15	45
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	130	75	55	60	35	25	1,180	595	580
Americas	10	10	0	15	0	10	240	115	125
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40
Europe	70	40	30	30	20	10	260	135	120
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	50	25	25	30	20	10	100	60	40
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Africa	25	20	0	10	0	0	230	115	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	20	0	10	0	0	110	55	55
Asia	25	10	20	0	0	0	450	230	225
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	0	0	50	35	20
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	35	105
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	25	25	15	10	10	315	160	150
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	40	20	20	15	10	0	70	35	35
France	35	20	20	15	10	0	50	30	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
First generation¹⁰⁰	155	90	65	90	45	45	1,550	795	755
Second generation¹⁰¹	65	35	30	25	0	20	780	400	380
Third generation or more¹⁰²	245	115	130	170	95	70	1,765	945	815
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	130	70	60	60	30	30	1,105	565	540
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	60	45	40	25	15	735	435	300
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	40	20	40	20	15	450	275	170
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	15	25	0	0	0	290	160	130
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	10	10	15	0	10	255	90	165
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0	80	25	55
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	130	70	60	60	30	30	1,105	565	540
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	80	30	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	10	10	10	0	160	100	60
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	20	0	20	10	10	190	115	75
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	70	30	40	25	10	20	590	280	310
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	85	45	40	30	10	20	1,410	675	735
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	85	175
Black	30	20	10	15	0	15	275	110	160
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	20	15	10	0	0	0	305	160	140
Latin American	10	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
West Asian	10	0	10	0	0	0	55	25	30
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	380	190	185	250	140	110	2,695	1,470	1,220
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	460	235	225	280	155	135	4,100	2,145	1,960
Canadian	95	35	60	25	15	10	525	290	230
English	30	15	10	0	0	0	145	95	45
Irish	10	10	0	20	10	10	265	160	105
Scottish	0	0	0	10	10	0	165	65	100
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	90	55	145	70	75	845	495	345
German	15	10	0	0	0	0	125	70	60
Chinese	10	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	170
Italian	30	10	15	35	20	15	350	175	175
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	70
Québécois	45	35	10	30	20	15	215	100	115
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	0	15	0	0	0	155	85	65
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	35	15	25
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
Portuguese	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
American	0	0	0	20	0	20	50	25	20
Spanish	0	0	0	25	20	10	90	50	40
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	95	35	60
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0	45	20	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Lebanese	15	10	0	0	0	0	150	80	70
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	65
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0	20	15	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	465	240	225	285	150	135	4,105	2,145	1,960
Buddhist	0	0	0	10	0	10	40	10	30
Christian	210	90	120	100	60	40	1,805	885	920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	25	10	0	0	0	265	115	145
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	165	65	95	90	60	30	1,260	630	630
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	80
Muslim	15	10	0	0	0	0	425	220	205
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	220	130	90	160	85	75	1,620	915	705
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	460	235	225	280	150	130	4,040	2,110	1,935
Non-movers	370	175	195	215	120	100	2,765	1,445	1,320
Movers	90	65	30	60	30	35	1,275	665	610
Non-migrants	85	55	30	55	25	35	940	510	430
Migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	335	155	185
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	120
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	30
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	455	235	225	275	145	125	3,915	2,055	1,860
Non-movers	230	105	125	115	60	55	645	330	315
Movers	230	125	100	160	85	70	3,265	1,725	1,540
Non-migrants	155	85	70	95	50	45	1,805	970	840
Migrants	70	40	30	65	35	30	1,460	750	705
Internal migrants	65	40	25	30	20	10	1,040	545	495
Intraprovincial migrants	55	35	25	25	20	10	865	450	415
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	175	95	75
External migrants	0	0	0	35	15	15	420	210	205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	425	205	220	260	145	120	3,780	1,980	1,805
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	85	25	60	20	10	10	175	105	75
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	345	180	165	245	135	105	3,605	1,875	1,725
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	300	155	135	235	135	105	3,225	1,685	1,530
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	0	15	0	10	120	75	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	285	150	135	220	130	95	3,105	1,610	1,495
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	210	220	260	145	115	3,785	1,975	1,805
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	25	50	10	10	0	160	85	70
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	35	20	15	20	10	10	355	195	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	165	145	230	125	100	3,265	1,690	1,570
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	75	55	60	35	25	765	400	360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	15	10	10	0	155	90	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	15	15	10	10	0	115	60	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	55	25	40	15	25	495	230	265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	20	10	10	0	110	80	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	175	85	90	165	95	75	2,500	1,290	1,210
Bachelor's degree	70	40	30	75	35	40	1,400	700	695
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15	10	10	0	170	85	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50
Master's degree	60	20	35	70	40	25	740	410	325
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0	10	10	0	110	60	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	295	160	140	235	130	100	3,220	1,690	1,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	10	0	0	100	65	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15	10	10	15	0	10	250	120	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	270	140	125	210	120	85	2,880	1,505	1,375
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	65	45	40	30	10	645	340	300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	10	15	10	0	140	80	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	15	10	10	10	0	100	50	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	45	20	20	15	10	405	190	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	15	10	10	0	100	70	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	160	80	80	165	90	70	2,230	1,165	1,070
Bachelor's degree	65	35	30	75	30	45	1,215	620	600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20	15	0	0	155	75	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45
Master's degree	50	20	30	65	40	25	675	380	295
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0	10	10	0	105	55	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	430	210	220	260	140	115	3,780	1,975	1,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	45	70	30	15	15	515	285	235
Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	95	15	80
13. Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	95	15	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15	15	0	10	175	85	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	0	40	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	30	15	0	0	0	135	60	80
Humanities	20	15	10	35	10	25	155	70	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	25	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	0	10	35	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0	55	20	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	10	45	55	30	25	490	170	325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	25	10	15	85	30	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	10	0	95	35	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	0	75
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	15	10	0	185	95	85
Business, management and public administration	50	25	30	55	35	15	1,100	570	525
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	25	30	40	30	10	1,085	565	515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	20	10	10	140	55	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	15	0	20	0	10	65	35	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	10	10	0	200	145	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	0	0	0	160	115	50
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	40	0	30	20	0	565	445	120
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
14. Engineering	15	15	0	20	20	0	415	315	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	10	15	0	0	0	285	105	185
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	0	0	0	230	70	160
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	300	155	140	230	135	105	3,225	1,685	1,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30	15	10	25	10	15	345	180	160
Education	20	0	20	0	0	0	90	15	70
13. Education	20	0	20	0	0	0	90	15	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	30	10	20	10	0	160	85	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	30	0	0	0	0	125	55	70
Humanities	20	15	0	25	10	20	145	60	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	20	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	10	45	55	30	25	445	160	280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	25	10	15	80	30	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	10	0	90	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	10	65
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	15	10	0	160	90	70
Business, management and public administration	45	20	30	50	35	15	970	510	460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	20	30	40	30	10	955	500	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	20	10	15	100	45	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	20	10	15	55	30	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	10	10	0	165	125	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	0	0	0	135	100	35
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	25	0	25	25	0	485	375	110
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
14. Engineering	10	10	0	20	20	0	360	265	90
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	10	10	0	0	0	270	95	175
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	215	70	150
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	300	155	140	230	135	105	3,225	1,685	1,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	10	25	10	15	345	180	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	265	145	130	210	125	90	2,875	1,505	1,370
Location of study inside Canada	195	100	90	170	105	65	2,180	1,130	1,050
Same as province or territory of residence	190	100	90	160	105	55	2,000	1,050	950
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	80	100
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	70	40	30	40	15	25	695	375	320
Americas	15	15	0	0	0	0	140	75	65
United States of America	15	15	0	0	0	0	85	50	30
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	50	30	20	30	10	15	360	190	165
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	50	25	20	25	10	15	180	95	85
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	430	210	220	260	145	115	3,785	1,975	1,805
In the labour force	290	150	130	235	130	105	3,125	1,690	1,440
Employed	255	140	115	225	120	105	2,955	1,615	1,335
Unemployed	30	10	20	10	10	0	180	75	105
Not in the labour force	140	60	85	25	15	10	655	290	365
Participation rate	67.4	71.4	59.1	90.4	89.7	91.3	82.6	85.6	79.8
Employment rate	59.3	66.7	52.3	86.5	82.8	91.3	78.1	81.8	74.0
Unemployment rate	10.3	6.7	15.4	4.3	7.7	0.0	5.8	4.4	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	430	210	220	260	140	115	3,780	1,975	1,805
Did not work¹⁸⁶	135	50	85	35	20	15	675	290	380
Worked	290	160	135	225	125	105	3,105	1,685	1,430
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	145	65	80	155	85	75	1,965	1,130	835
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	145	100	55	70	40	35	1,145	555	595
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	33.6	45.2	45.4	46.0	44.8	43.0	44.1	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	285	150	135	235	130	105	3,125	1,685	1,440
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	280	150	130	235	130	105	3,085	1,665	1,415
Employee	255	130	120	215	115	100	2,685	1,445	1,245
Permanent position	185	100	85	180	105	75	2,300	1,285	1,015
Temporary position	70	35	35	35	10	25	385	155	230
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	15	25	20	0	15	195	70	120
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	20	10	20	10	15	190	85	105
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	20	0	15	15	0	395	225	170
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	285	150	135	235	130	105	3,125	1,685	1,440
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	280	150	130	235	130	105	3,085	1,665	1,415
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	0	10	125	105	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	30	30	50	20	30	960	460	500
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	35	0	45	40	0	525	360	165
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	15	0	10	235	85	145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	30	50	25	20	375	135	240
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	60	30	30	30	15	15	165	105	60
6 Sales and service occupations	40	20	20	30	15	15	515	260	260
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0	160	135	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	10	10	0	25	25	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	285	150	135	235	130	105	3,125	1,685	1,440
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
All industries¹⁹¹	280	150	130	235	130	105	3,085	1,665	1,415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	65	15
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	10	10	0	215	140	75
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	10	0	120	65	55
44-45 Retail trade	25	15	10	20	20	0	175	85	90
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	0	0	0	0	140	120	25
51 Information and cultural industries	30	10	15	20	0	15	200	125	75
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	0	10	10	0	400	255	145
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	40	20	55	40	15	665	360	295
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50
61 Educational services	30	10	20	30	15	15	230	90	145
62 Health care and social assistance	30	0	25	30	0	25	310	115	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	15	0	0	0	0	45	25	15
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	10	10	0	10	90	25	60
91 Public administration	20	15	0	20	0	10	115	45	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	300	165	135	235	130	105	3,295	1,780	1,515
English	30	15	15	10	0	10	665	375	295
French	85	40	45	100	45	50	855	435	425
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and French	180	110	70	125	75	45	1,655	920	735
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	300	165	135	235	130	105	3,295	1,780	1,515
Single responses	265	145	120	230	130	105	2,865	1,570	1,295
Official languages	265	145	120	230	130	105	2,840	1,570	1,275
English	80	40	40	40	10	25	1,300	730	570
French	180	105	75	190	115	75	1,540	840	705
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	10	0	0	430	215	215
English and French	35	20	15	10	0	0	415	215	205
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	300	165	135	235	130	105	3,295	1,780	1,515
None	150	75	75	120	55	65	1,935	990	940
English	100	65	35	90	65	25	685	405	280
French	45	25	25	25	10	15	585	325	265
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	260	140	115	225	120	105	2,950	1,615	1,335
Worked at home	100	55	45	120	80	50	1,615	850	760
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
No fixed workplace address	30	25	0	10	0	10	160	110	40
Usual place of work	125	60	65	95	45	50	1,160	640	525
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	125	60	65	90	45	50	1,160	640	525
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	100	45	55	75	30	45	940	500	445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	0	0	0	85	55	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	15	15	0	125	80	45
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	150	85	70	100	45	55	1,320	750	570
Car, truck or van	80	50	40	30	10	25	665	385	280
Car, truck or van - as a driver	80	45	40	30	10	25	650	380	265
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Public transit	30	15	10	40	15	20	240	140	100
Walked	10	10	0	0	0	0	335	180	160
Bicycle	25	10	15	25	10	15	45	25	20
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	150	85	70	100	45	55	1,320	750	570
Less than 15 minutes	20	15	0	15	10	0	190	105	85
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	30	35	0	25	575	335	240
30 to 44 minutes	55	25	30	40	20	20	345	190	150
45 to 59 minutes	25	15	0	15	10	0	140	85	55
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	150	85	70	100	45	55	1,320	750	570
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	0	0	0	0	130	100	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	45	20	30	15	0	10	375	165	205
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	25	30	60	20	30	415	230	185
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15	10	10	190	105	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	0	0	0	0	170	110	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	60	40	20	20	10	10	455	220	235
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	0	0	0	115	60	55
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	35	20	20	10	10	335	160	175
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	25	15	10	10	5	240	125	110
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	10	5	5	160	80	80

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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