Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661793More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24662829More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	426	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	486	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	255	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	252	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	242	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	242	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14,843.2	...	...	6.5	...	...	6,816.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	430	225	200	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	485	210	280
0 to 14 years	50	25	20	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	60	25	30
0 to 4 years	10	5	5	422,980	217,145	205,840	20	10	5
5 to 9 years	20	15	5	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	15	15
10 to 14 years	10	5	5	489,425	250,855	238,570	10	5	10
15 to 64 years	345	185	160	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	315	145	175
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	10	15
20 to 24 years	45	25	25	460,660	235,250	225,405	20	10	10
25 to 29 years	85	45	40	527,150	266,455	260,700	35	15	15
30 to 34 years	40	15	25	536,040	267,770	268,270	40	15	25
35 to 39 years	55	30	20	550,425	274,350	276,075	30	15	15
40 to 44 years	30	20	10	572,565	286,405	286,160	30	15	15
45 to 49 years	30	15	10	516,465	259,565	256,905	45	25	25
50 to 54 years	20	10	5	522,935	262,610	260,325	30	15	20
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	615,690	307,230	308,465	35	15	20
60 to 64 years	15	10	5	625,610	307,710	317,900	30	10	20
65 years and over	35	20	20	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	110	35	70
65 to 69 years	15	5	5	541,970	264,020	277,950	40	15	30
70 to 74 years	5	5	5	455,900	217,985	237,910	25	5	20
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	5	10
85 years and over	5	0	0	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.6	11.1	10.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	12.4	11.9	10.7
15 to 64 years	80.2	82.2	80.0	63.0	63.9	62.1	64.9	69.0	62.5
65 years and over	8.1	8.9	10.0	20.6	19.1	22.1	22.7	16.7	25.0
85 years and over	1.2	0.0	0.0	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.1	2.4	3.6
Average age of the population	36.4	36.6	36.2	42.8	41.8	43.7	44.6	41.2	47.0
Median age of the population	32.8	35.2	31.6	43.2	42.0	44.0	46.0	42.0	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	45	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	271,245	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	235	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
1 person	125	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	110	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	427,605	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	425	230	200	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	490	210	280
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	380	200	180	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	425	180	250
Married or living common-law	155	85	75	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	195	95	100
Married	50	25	20	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	130	65	60
Living common-law	105	55	50	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	70	35	35
Living common law - Never married	95	55	45	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	55	30	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	15	5	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	230	120	110	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	235	80	150
Not married and not living common law - Never married	200	115	90	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	150	60	85
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	0	15	494,210	197,455	296,755	45	10	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	380,100	89,515	290,580	25	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	85	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	454,980	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	412,850	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	130	...	...
Total couple families	75	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	95	...	...
Married couples	25	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	502,020	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	609,605	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	828,005	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	401,885	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	426,120	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	10	...	...	383,775	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	284,025	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	425	230	200	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	490	205	280
Total - Persons in census families	215	115	100	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	350	160	190
Married spouses or common-law partners	150	80	70	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	190	95	95
Parents in one-parent families	10	0	5	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	0	25
Children⁶	55	35	25	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	130	65	65
In a two-parent family	45	25	20	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	80	45	35
In a one-parent family	10	10	5	585,820	317,400	268,415	50	20	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	210	110	95	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	135	45	90
Living alone	125	65	60	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	110	35	75
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	85	50	30	268,810	158,325	110,485	5	5	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	80	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	110	...	...
Couple-family households	70	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	95	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	851,835	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	331,395	...	...	25	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	66,750	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	139,280	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	125	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	115	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	380	200	175	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	430	180	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	195	175	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	410	175	240
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	36,400	40,400	40,800	44,800	37,200	40,000	44,000	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	195	175	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	410	175	240
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	31,400	35,200	36,400	39,200	33,600	36,000	38,000	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	345	180	165	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	375	160	210
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	30,600	32,000	33,600	39,600	28,000	35,200	38,400	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	160	150	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	305	140	165
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	29,600	31,800	36,000	40,400	31,600	39,200	41,200	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	160	145	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	355	140	215
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	9,900	11,500	10,200	12,300	12,600	9,400	14,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	35	30	837,635	441,080	396,550	55	20	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,560	4,560	5,080	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,320	5,920	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	160	85	75	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	130	70	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,500	9,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	180	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	235	165	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	415	170	245
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,800	41,600	37,200	51,160	57,550	44,960	47,800	48,800	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	235	165	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	415	170	245
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,200	32,800	41,840	45,760	38,000	40,000	40,000	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	210	160	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	380	155	220
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,600	37,600	30,400	45,480	52,900	38,000	39,400	43,000	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	310	165	145	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	300	140	155
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,200	28,800	46,240	51,950	40,040	44,400	44,000	45,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	340	195	145	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	355	130	225
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,700	9,800	12,410	11,500	13,220	13,550	11,000	15,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	30	40	837,180	441,665	395,515	60	20	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	7,200	6,400	7,040	6,380	7,780	6,200	3,400	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	160	80	80	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	130	70	65
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	7,200	7,000	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,200	8,400	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	440	175	270
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	120	75	50	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	150	70	75
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	67,000	45,600	58,400	62,800	53,600	56,400	57,600	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,000	64,000	46,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	67,000	66,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	170	95	75	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	115	50	65
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,600	15,900	18,600	21,400	16,600	20,000	17,400	21,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	24,000	22,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	26,400	24,000	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	82.0	78.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	75.5	84.0	71.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.0	72.0	66.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	67.0	76.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.6	17.6	23.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	24.6	18.0	29.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	2.4	4.0	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.0	0.8	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.0	6.7	10.0	5.4	4.8	6.1	7.1	7.8	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	6.2	9.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	6.2	7.2	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	380	200	180	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	425	180	250
Without total income	10	5	0	179,955	87,650	92,310	15	5	10
With total income	370	195	175	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	410	170	240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	15	5	462,400	204,245	258,155	15	10	5
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	20	809,375	334,315	475,065	45	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	75	30	40	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	75	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	55	35	25	896,520	414,070	482,445	65	20	50
$40,000 to $49,999	55	15	35	849,005	411,680	437,325	50	15	30
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	15	687,020	345,720	341,305	50	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	20	15	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	5	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	20	15	10	556,780	365,700	191,080	20	5	15
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	5	385,890	245,635	140,260	15	5	10
$150,000 and over	10	0	5	170,890	120,065	50,820	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	380	200	180	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	425	180	250
Without after-tax income	10	5	0	177,960	86,610	91,355	15	5	10
With after-tax income	370	195	175	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	410	170	240
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	15	5	495,035	214,000	281,030	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	25	853,250	356,480	496,765	50	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	50	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	95	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	70	30	45
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	75	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	691,015	372,870	318,145	50	20	30
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	459,665	251,490	208,170	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	292,135	160,985	131,150	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	0	5	229,765	156,750	73,020	5	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	10	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	380	200	180	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	425	180	250
Without employment income	65	40	30	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	120	40	85
With employment income	315	165	155	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	305	140	165
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	20	15	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	40	20	15	401,185	180,585	220,595	15	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	30	603,350	273,725	329,620	35	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	30	20	10	495,105	228,670	266,435	30	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	25	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	40	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	5	403,980	217,425	186,560	35	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	320,700	184,770	135,935	25	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	0	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	422,055	285,910	136,145	15	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	5	0	5
$125,000 and over	10	10	5	216,965	152,410	64,555	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	380	200	175	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	430	180	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	185	175	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	410	170	240
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	32,800	33,600	38,400	43,200	34,000	38,800	42,800	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	185	175	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	410	170	240
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	28,600	30,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	34,400	36,400	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	170	160	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	370	160	215
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	32,800	29,800	34,800	40,400	29,200	35,600	42,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	305	150	155	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	305	140	170
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	32,400	29,800	36,400	41,200	31,800	38,800	42,400	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	145	135	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	320	125	200
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,740	1,520	1,820	7,800	5,640	9,100	7,150	3,720	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	20	10	727,165	390,255	336,910	35	10	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,720	x	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	180	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	215	165	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	415	165	250
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	37,600	34,000	48,600	55,500	41,880	44,400	44,800	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	215	165	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	415	165	250
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,900	31,800	29,600	39,600	44,000	35,320	37,000	36,400	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	185	150	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	370	150	220
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	38,400	33,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	39,600	44,000	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	290	150	135	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	300	130	170
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,000	31,200	46,240	52,450	39,520	42,000	46,000	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	180	125	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	330	115	215
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,560	5,000	9,450	8,430	10,320	11,200	7,200	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	20	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	65	0	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	8,000	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	9,200	...	10,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	440	175	270
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	110	65	45	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	150	70	75
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	59,200	47,600	54,800	60,000	49,200	53,200	48,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,000	64,000	46,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	59,000	62,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	155	80	75	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	105	45	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	19,600	21,400	23,600	27,200	21,000	28,800	29,000	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	28,800	22,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	31,200	32,000	30,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	88.0	88.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	80.0	88.0	74.0
Employment income (%)	79.0	80.0	76.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	69.0	80.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)	11.8	12.0	11.2	14.9	10.8	20.2	20.0	11.2	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.6	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	3.4	x	4.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	38,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	115	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	50,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	144,420	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	310,880	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	280,505	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	255,770	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	307,835	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	239,060	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	177,135	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	180,150	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	356,325	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	289,580	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	254,885	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	892,775	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	387,835	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	225,830	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	85	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	907,765	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	368,845	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	61,600	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	210	115	95	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	120	40	85
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	31,800	35,600	36,800	39,200	34,800	42,800	50,000	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	29,800	31,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	37,200	44,000	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	85	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	992,110	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	909,160	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	367,155	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	78,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	67,500	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	225	150	75	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	85	25	60
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	35,500	35,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	48,000	64,000	42,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	31,200	31,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	40,000	52,000	36,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	430	225	200	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	485	210	280
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	75	35	40
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	515,725	264,785	250,935	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	345	180	160	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	305	135	165
65 years and over	35	20	20	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	110	35	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	70	40	30	992,235	463,295	528,940	55	20	35
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	25	10	15
65 years and over	15	5	0	317,235	124,865	192,370	25	5	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	17.0	16.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	11.2	9.5	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.5	17.0	16.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	7.6	7.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	32.0	40.0	20.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	26.0	20.0	30.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	425	230	200	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	490	205	275
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	75	40	35
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	340	185	160	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	300	135	170
65 years and over	35	15	20	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	105	35	75
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	45	25	439,850	223,055	216,795	20	10	15
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	60	40	25	313,970	167,015	146,955	10	0	5
65 years and over	5	5	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.5	19.0	14.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	4.8	4.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	18.5	22.0	15.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	4.0	3.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	25.0	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	10.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	425	225	200	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	485	210	280
In bottom half of the distribution	295	160	135	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	290	110	180
In bottom decile	90	50	35	851,840	407,705	444,140	40	15	30
In second decile	70	40	35	920,490	434,730	485,760	45	20	25
In third decile	50	30	25	969,255	471,650	497,600	75	30	45
In fourth decile	45	20	25	978,345	482,760	495,590	65	25	45
In fifth decile	40	20	20	947,090	473,285	473,810	65	30	35
In top half of the distribution	130	70	60	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	195	95	105
In sixth decile	45	25	15	899,660	454,970	444,690	45	20	25
In seventh decile	25	10	20	837,225	425,400	411,830	60	30	35
In eighth decile	30	15	20	752,410	383,450	368,955	35	20	15
In ninth decile	15	10	0	634,425	325,700	308,730	40	20	20
In top decile	15	10	5	517,725	267,160	250,565	10	5	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	425	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	490	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.340	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.266	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.462	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.235	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	485	205	275
English only	25	15	15	445,575	228,840	216,735	25	10	10
French only	90	45	50	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	180	65	110
English and French	310	170	140	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	275	125	150
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	485	205	275
English	60	30	35	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	120	55	65
French	340	185	155	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	325	135	190
English and French	20	15	10	329,515	169,050	160,465	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	79,000	33,590	45,410	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	485	205	275
Single responses	405	215	195	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	460	190	265
Official languages	360	185	170	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	275	105	165
English	35	15	25	639,365	323,170	316,195	55	25	25
French	315	170	145	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	220	80	140
Non-official languages	50	30	20	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	180	85	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	30	20	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	180	85	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	233,220	122,895	110,320	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	204,600	107,735	96,865	10	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	198,785	104,765	94,020	10	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	35	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	30	20	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	595,790	290,670	305,115	125	55	65
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	346,000	167,870	178,130	115	50	65
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	85	40	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	10	0	5
Spanish	15	10	5	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	5	308,550	155,455	153,095	30	10	15
English and French	5	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	0	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	94,205	46,880	47,320	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	485	205	275
English	25	15	15	623,305	313,780	309,520	75	45	30
French	280	145	130	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	195	80	110
Non-official language	15	10	5	366,730	177,410	189,315	50	15	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	5	343,650	165,830	177,825	50	15	35
English and French	60	30	30	497,380	256,735	240,645	35	10	25
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	205,755	102,290	103,470	20	0	15
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	375,795	179,585	196,210	65	25	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	284,940	141,275	143,665	45	25	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	485	205	275
Single responses	400	215	185	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	450	195	255
Official languages	375	195	175	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	370	165	205
English	45	20	25	874,185	438,570	435,615	120	60	60
French	325	175	145	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	250	105	150
Non-official languages	30	20	10	662,615	322,860	339,750	80	30	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	628,365	305,820	322,555	80	30	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	116,685	59,645	57,040	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	10	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	5	336,635	164,100	172,535	55	20	35
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	182,585	88,060	94,525	55	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	30	10	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	357,245	176,070	181,175	35	15	25
English and French	15	5	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	116,595	56,445	60,150	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	425	230	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	490	205	280
None	350	185	160	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	350	155	200
English	35	20	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	15	5	15
French	10	5	10	259,425	127,380	132,040	30	10	15
Non-official language	15	5	5	269,715	129,830	139,890	35	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	5	264,405	127,330	137,070	35	15	25
English and French	5	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	76,755	38,765	37,990	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	435	260	170	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	555	245	310
Official languages	435	260	170	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	540	235	305
English	320	190	130	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	320	135	180
French	420	260	155	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	520	225	295
Non-official languages	105	45	60	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	350	155	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	45	60	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	350	155	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	35	20	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	35	20	20
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	363,875	190,005	173,870	25	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	343,675	179,750	163,930	25	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	75	45	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	75	45	30
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	30	55	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	220	85	130
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	20	45	684,830	324,095	360,735	220	85	130
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	170	80	95
Portuguese	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	25	10	20
Spanish	65	15	45	453,905	210,400	243,505	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	260	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	555	240	315
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	430	255	170	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	555	235	315
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	260	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	555	240	315
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	435	260	170	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	555	235	315
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Owner	70	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	200	...	...
Renter	175	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	30	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Condominium	45	...	...	515,590	...	...	160	...	...
Not condominium	195	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	125	...	...	623,295	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	65	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	45	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	730,330	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	150	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	85	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	645,635	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	435,225	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	403,225	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	886,180	...	...	35	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
One person or fewer per room	240	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	225	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Suitable	240	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	195	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	142,775	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
1960 or before	195	...	...	879,375	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	30	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	35	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	509,120	...	...	190	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	200	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	215	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	236,110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
One-maintainer household	145	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	115	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	110	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	70	...	...	525,540	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	647,165	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	15	...	...	628,630	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	760,395	...	...	30	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	629,965	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	240	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	180	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	595,690	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	542,060	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	901,440	...	...	75	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	45	...	...	537,090	...	...	35	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	179,840	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	150	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	235	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	225	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	218,275	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	215	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	200	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.2	...	...	62.2	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.8	...	...	10.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,110	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	270,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	320,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	25	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.5	...	...	25.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.1	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...	810	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	886	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	430	265	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	555	240	315
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	420	260	165	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	545	235	310
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	430	265	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	555	245	315
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	375	225	150	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	510	215	290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30	25	0	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	140	75	65
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	345	200	145	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	365	140	225
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	60	35	20	518,265	264,490	253,775	50	25	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	430	265	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	555	245	315
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	335	205	130	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	340	135	205
Immigrants⁸¹	60	30	30	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	210	105	105
Before 1980	0	0	0	187,200	91,895	95,300	75	30	45
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	30	20	10	190,495	91,635	98,860	20	0	20
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	312,210	150,825	161,390	70	55	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	15	0	396,090	192,745	203,340	35	15	25
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	193,345	93,485	99,855	35	15	25
2016 to 2021	20	15	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	15	205,770	113,500	92,275	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	60	35	25	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	210	105	105
Under 5 years	10	10	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	20	15	0
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	201,385	101,555	99,835	50	30	25
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	213,035	96,175	116,860	50	30	25
25 to 44 years	45	25	25	594,845	292,975	301,875	75	30	45
45 years and over	0	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	60	35	25	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	210	105	105
Americas	0	0	0	264,885	121,740	143,145	80	45	40
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	70	45	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	10	0	10
Europe	30	20	15	309,015	154,110	154,910	80	35	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	30	10	15	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	55	25	25
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	302,010	153,655	148,355	45	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	35	20	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	10	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	435	260	170	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	555	240	315
First generation¹⁰⁰	110	70	45	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	220	105	110
Second generation¹⁰¹	55	30	25	883,485	446,000	437,490	165	70	90
Third generation or more¹⁰²	270	160	110	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	175	60	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	60	35	25	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	140	75	65
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	25	20	559,935	290,040	269,895	65	45	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	20	10	267,870	161,125	106,740	25	15	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	0	15	292,070	128,915	163,155	45	30	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10	10	0	272,255	109,735	162,515	50	20	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	20	10	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	60	35	25	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	140	75	65
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	15	0	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	10	10	94,185	46,445	47,740	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	40	25	15	756,120	358,700	397,420	120	65	50
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	435	260	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	555	240	315
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	50	30	20	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	185	100	90
South Asian	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	15	10	0	422,405	206,335	216,070	115	65	50
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	50	30	20
Latin American	10	0	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	385	235	150	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	370	150	225
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	435	260	175	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	555	245	315
Canadian	125	70	55	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	40	20	20
English	15	10	10	177,710	88,910	88,800	10	0	10
Irish	10	0	0	404,190	193,440	210,745	0	0	0
Scottish	15	0	15	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	175	105	70	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	50	15	30
German	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	316,315	157,600	158,720	190	85	110
Indian (India)	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	70	35	35	931,940	465,630	466,305	20	10	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	10	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	10	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	25	10	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	105	65	45
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	60	35	30
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	435	260	170	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	560	240	315
Buddhist	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	155	105	50	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	440	185	250
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	20	0	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	130	85	45	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	340	145	190
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	35	15	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	40	20	20
Hindu	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	65	35	25
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	250	145	105	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	40	15	25
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	430	260	170	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	550	245	315
Non-movers	320	185	130	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	500	220	285
Movers	110	70	40	945,290	466,750	478,540	50	20	25
Non-migrants	90	60	30	543,670	268,740	274,925	50	20	25
Migrants	15	10	10	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	10	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	10	0	10	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	420	245	170	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	515	215	300
Non-movers	180	105	75	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	290	105	195
Movers	240	140	100	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	225	120	110
Non-migrants	140	90	55	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	180	90	90
Migrants	95	55	45	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	45	30	15
Internal migrants	55	30	25	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	35	30	10
Intraprovincial migrants	50	30	20	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	30	25	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	45	30	15	320,090	166,115	153,975	10	0	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	440	175	265
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	105	45	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	380	220	160	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	340	130	205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	150	130	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	270	105	165
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	10	0	642,800	382,415	260,380	25	10	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	270	145	125	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	240	100	140
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	180	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	15	0	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	105	45	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	40	30	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	100	40	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	185	130	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	240	90	150
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	85	35	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	165	75	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	10	0	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	50	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	35	20	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	15	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	60	15	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	90	40	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	15	10	252,815	102,150	150,665	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	190	100	95	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	75	15	60
Bachelor's degree	125	55	65	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	65	15	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	30	20	10	360,795	174,150	186,645	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	150	130	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	270	105	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	525,155	303,815	221,345	25	0	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	50	30	15	752,855	388,160	364,700	55	25	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	120	115	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	185	70	120
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	45	35	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	130	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	50	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	35	15	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	15	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	20	20	838,140	372,455	465,685	65	40	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	15	174,695	72,115	102,580	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	70	80	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	55	0	55
Bachelor's degree	85	30	55	802,755	343,100	459,650	50	0	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	15	15	119,460	50,155	69,310	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	25	25	10	302,065	140,530	161,530	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	400	235	165	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	445	175	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	55	40	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	205	85	120
Education	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	30	0	25
13. Education	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	20	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	20	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	0	0	0
Humanities	40	25	10	228,770	90,810	137,960	25	0	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	20	40	430,845	142,280	288,570	30	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	50	30	25	950,820	357,290	593,535	60	20	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	30	15	894,690	344,770	549,925	55	20	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	25	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	10	0	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	45	15	866,885	778,835	88,060	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	30	20	15	181,290	147,120	34,170	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	515,215	101,455	413,760	20	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	470,150	78,875	391,275	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	150	130	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	265	110	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	50	35	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	80	35	50
Education	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	20	0	20
13. Education	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0
Humanities	20	0	15	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	61,125	26,395	34,730	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	30	334,475	103,635	230,840	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	101,105	49,385	51,720	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	40	20	25	741,390	268,705	472,685	50	20	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	20	15	697,775	259,725	438,045	50	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	10	0	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	40	10	665,365	588,950	76,415	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	30	20	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	387,725	74,730	312,995	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	352,905	58,735	294,170	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	150	130	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	265	110	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50	35	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	80	35	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	230	115	110	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	185	70	115
Location of study inside Canada	170	85	90	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	170	60	110
Same as province or territory of residence	160	75	80	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	165	55	110
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	35	20	414,490	209,160	205,330	20	10	10
Americas	10	10	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	45	30	20	138,260	74,045	64,210	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	45	25	20	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	405	235	165	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	180	265
In the labour force	295	165	130	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	255	120	135
Employed	270	155	115	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	240	105	135
Unemployed	25	10	15	335,015	176,245	158,775	15	15	0
Not in the labour force	105	70	35	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	190	60	130
Participation rate	72.8	70.2	78.8	64.1	67.4	60.9	57.3	66.7	50.9
Employment rate	66.7	66.0	69.7	59.3	62.3	56.3	53.9	58.3	50.9
Unemployment rate	8.5	6.1	11.5	7.6	7.7	7.4	5.9	12.5	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	400	235	165	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	445	175	265
Did not work¹⁸⁶	105	60	40	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	170	45	120
Worked	300	175	125	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	270	130	140
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	125	75	45	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	145	75	70
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	175	100	75	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	125	55	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.0	38.0	40.4	41.3	41.7	40.8	40.4	38.8	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	295	165	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	255	120	140
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	140
Employee	235	130	100	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	235	100	135
Permanent position	190	105	85	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	200	90	105
Temporary position	45	25	20	623,510	296,655	326,850	40	15	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	20	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	15	15	405,605	202,450	203,155	20	0	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	55	30	25	530,720	324,555	206,165	20	15	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	295	165	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	255	120	140
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	140
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	30	15	778,905	256,150	522,760	60	15	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	45	10	360,495	272,510	87,985	15	15	0
3 Health occupations	15	10	0	359,665	70,075	289,590	15	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	0	30	558,725	166,020	392,700	50	10	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	25	10	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	80	45	35	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	60	30	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	0	15	702,290	645,355	56,935	35	25	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	295	165	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	255	120	140
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	20	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	25	20	514,090	248,905	265,185	20	0	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	15	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	35	30	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	15	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	30	10	345,345	193,365	151,985	20	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	30	20	0
61 Educational services	20	0	20	340,885	104,300	236,590	20	10	20
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	20	617,200	122,675	494,525	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	15	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	20	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	20	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	10
91 Public administration	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	15	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	310	175	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	290	135	155
English	25	10	10	350,525	195,385	155,145	55	15	40
French	155	75	80	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	130	70	60
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	130	85	45	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	90	40	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	310	175	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	290	135	155
Single responses	300	165	135	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	255	120	135
Official languages	300	165	135	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	255	120	135
English	45	25	20	668,485	365,785	302,695	75	25	45
French	260	145	110	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	180	90	85
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	0	269,365	142,370	126,995	40	15	25
English and French	15	0	0	249,945	132,640	117,300	30	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	310	175	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	290	135	155
None	195	95	100	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	220	105	115
English	95	65	30	720,960	391,075	329,885	45	15	25
French	20	15	10	302,145	161,340	140,805	20	10	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	265	155	115	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	245	110	135
Worked at home	110	70	40	897,770	435,285	462,480	60	25	35
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	25	20	0
Usual place of work	145	70	75	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	160	65	95
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	150	70	75	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	160	65	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	145	70	75	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	130	45	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	15	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	160	80	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100
Car, truck or van	25	25	0	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	150	65	85
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25	25	0	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	140	65	75
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	55	25	30	287,345	120,460	166,885	40	15	20
Walked	30	15	20	178,645	78,570	100,075	0	0	0
Bicycle	40	15	20	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	160	80	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100
Less than 15 minutes	35	10	25	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	30	15	20
15 to 29 minutes	75	50	20	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	50	15	35
30 to 44 minutes	25	0	25	635,870	363,430	272,445	35	20	20
45 to 59 minutes	20	15	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	35	25	10
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	30	10	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	160	80	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	0	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	10	30	935,640	441,465	494,170	55	20	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	35	25	626,895	259,220	367,675	30	10	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	25	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	45	20	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	50	30	20	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	75	40	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	5	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	35	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	20	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	40	20	20
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	20	15	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	55	25	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	230,080	118,075	112,005	25	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	25	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	10	992,895	508,315	484,580	25	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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