Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661521More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,664	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,697	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,538	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	12,770.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.21	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,665	1,295	1,370
0 to 14 years	285	135	150
0 to 4 years	135	75	60
5 to 9 years	80	30	50
10 to 14 years	70	25	45
15 to 64 years	1,980	980	1,005
15 to 19 years	55	25	30
20 to 24 years	110	55	55
25 to 29 years	265	125	135
30 to 34 years	360	185	170
35 to 39 years	280	145	135
40 to 44 years	215	100	115
45 to 49 years	195	115	85
50 to 54 years	155	65	90
55 to 59 years	175	90	85
60 to 64 years	180	75	105
65 years and over	400	180	220
65 to 69 years	170	70	100
70 to 74 years	120	60	60
75 to 79 years	65	25	45
80 to 84 years	20	15	10
85 years and over	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	10	5	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.7	10.4	10.9
15 to 64 years	74.3	75.7	73.4
65 years and over	15.0	13.9	16.1
85 years and over	0.4	0.4	0.7
Average age of the population	41.6	41.2	42.0
Median age of the population	39.6	39.2	40.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,535	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,440	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,540	...	...
1 person	800	...	...
2 persons	505	...	...
3 persons	150	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,620	1,260	1,360
Average household size	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,380	1,160	1,220
Married or living common-law	1,250	645	605
Married	595	305	290
Living common-law	650	340	315
Living common law - Never married	570	285	280
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	75	40	30
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,130	515	615
Not married and not living common law - Never married	835	410	425
Not married and not living common law - Separated	45	20	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	205	70	130
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	45	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	700	...	...
2 persons	485	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	705	...	...
Total couple families	605	...	...
Married couples	285	...	...
With children⁶	115	...	...
Without children	165	...	...
Common-law couples	325	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...
Without children	250	...	...
Total one-parent families	90	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,625	1,260	1,365
Total - Persons in census families	1,720	830	890
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,215	620	600
Parents in one-parent families	95	15	75
Children⁶	410	195	215
In a two-parent family	280	135	150
In a one-parent family	130	65	70
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	905	435	470
Living alone	795	375	425
Living with other relatives⁷	35	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	70	45	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,540	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	685	...	...
Couple-family households	600	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...
Without children	410	...	...
One-parent-family households	85	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...
One-person households	795	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,340	1,125	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,290	1,095	1,190
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,400	66,500	55,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,290	1,095	1,190
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	54,800	46,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,160	1,040	1,120
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,000	64,500	50,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,825	905	915
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	64,500	52,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,560	685	875
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,700	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	165	70	95
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,240	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	260	255
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,290	1,095	1,190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,230	1,080	1,150
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	89,200	109,400	70,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,230	1,080	1,150
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,300	76,000	55,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,120	1,020	1,100
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	86,900	109,200	66,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,760	865	895
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	89,200	111,600	67,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,470	670	800
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,140	10,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	125	50	80
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	5,800	11,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	200	215
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,720	8,300	9,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,285	1,095	1,190
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,070	560	510
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	83,000	77,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	119,400	150,000	85,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	545	230	315
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	24,800	26,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,200	51,200	42,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	92.6	94.8	89.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.0	82.0	74.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	7.4	5.2	10.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.2	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.1	1.6	2.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.8	1.4	2.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,340	1,125	1,215
Without total income	50	30	25
With total income	2,285	1,100	1,190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	150	60	90
$10,000 to $19,999	170	70	100
$20,000 to $29,999	230	110	120
$30,000 to $39,999	190	75	110
$40,000 to $49,999	200	90	115
$50,000 to $59,999	200	80	115
$60,000 to $69,999	185	90	95
$70,000 to $79,999	205	105	100
$80,000 to $89,999	145	65	85
$90,000 to $99,999	120	60	60
$100,000 and over	490	285	205
$100,000 to $149,999	275	155	120
$150,000 and over	215	130	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,340	1,125	1,215
Without after-tax income	50	30	25
With after-tax income	2,285	1,100	1,190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	65	95
$10,000 to $19,999	180	75	105
$20,000 to $29,999	270	120	145
$30,000 to $39,999	250	115	135
$40,000 to $49,999	285	120	170
$50,000 to $59,999	280	140	145
$60,000 to $69,999	225	110	120
$70,000 to $79,999	175	95	80
$80,000 to $89,999	95	60	40
$90,000 to $99,999	80	40	35
$100,000 and over	280	155	120
$100,000 to $124,999	140	70	65
$125,000 and over	140	90	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,340	1,125	1,215
Without employment income	515	215	295
With employment income	1,825	910	915
Under $5,000 (including loss)	210	105	105
$5,000 to $9,999	100	35	60
$10,000 to $19,999	140	65	75
$20,000 to $29,999	125	60	60
$30,000 to $39,999	105	35	70
$40,000 to $49,999	130	55	75
$50,000 to $59,999	125	60	65
$60,000 to $69,999	135	70	65
$70,000 to $79,999	145	70	75
$80,000 to $89,999	115	45	65
$90,000 to $99,999	85	45	40
$100,000 and over	420	250	170
$100,000 to $124,999	155	100	50
$125,000 and over	260	145	115
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,340	1,125	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,235	1,070	1,160
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,800	65,000	54,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,235	1,070	1,160
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	52,400	45,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,115	1,020	1,100
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	64,500	51,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,800	900	900
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,800	64,000	54,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,355	600	760
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,780	1,980	3,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	130	60	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	5,160	9,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,290	1,095	1,190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,050	1,135
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,100	107,200	66,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,050	1,135
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,800	75,000	51,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,065	995	1,075
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,400	109,000	65,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,730	850	885
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,900	106,000	68,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,385	640	745
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,010	6,380	7,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120	50	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	5,200	10,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,285	1,095	1,190
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,055	555	495
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	76,500	72,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	111,400	139,500	80,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	490	200	290
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	29,600	34,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	56,000	57,200	55,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.8	96.4	92.4
Employment income (%)	80.0	80.0	80.0
Government transfers (%)	5.2	3.6	7.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.2	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,540	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	795	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	740	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,525	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	810	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	185,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,540	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	645	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	135	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	175	...	...
$200,000 and over	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,540	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	710	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	410	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	865	415	450
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,000	56,800	61,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	46,000	50,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	705	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	133,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	210,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	145,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	194,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	830	420	405
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	81,800	81,600	81,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,100	61,600	62,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,620	1,260	1,360
0 to 17 years	315	155	165
0 to 5 years	150	85	70
18 to 64 years	1,910	930	980
65 years and over	400	180	220
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	320	160	160
0 to 17 years	40	15	25
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	235	120	115
65 years and over	45	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	12.8	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	12.0	13.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	6.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	13.0	11.8
65 years and over (%)	11.6	12.0	11.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,625	1,260	1,365
0 to 17 years	315	150	165
0 to 5 years	150	80	70
18 to 64 years	1,910	925	980
65 years and over	395	180	220
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	205	100	105
0 to 17 years	20	5	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	170	85	80
65 years and over	20	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	8.2	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.0	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	9.2	8.4
65 years and over (%)	5.2	6.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,620	1,255	1,360
In bottom half of the distribution	1,030	480	545
In bottom decile	270	135	135
In second decile	200	95	105
In third decile	165	85	80
In fourth decile	175	70	100
In fifth decile	220	95	125
In top half of the distribution	1,595	780	820
In sixth decile	245	120	125
In seventh decile	205	95	115
In eighth decile	305	150	155
In ninth decile	310	150	165
In top decile	525	265	255
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,625	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.418	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.482	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.356	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,665	1,295	1,370
English only	150	75	80
French only	490	215	275
English and French	1,995	995	1,010
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,665	1,295	1,370
English	425	215	210
French	2,075	1,005	1,075
English and French	145	65	80
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,665	1,295	1,370
Single responses	2,535	1,235	1,300
Official languages	2,035	990	1,045
English	200	100	95
French	1,835	885	950
Non-official languages	495	250	250
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	495	245	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35
Berber languages	10	5	5
Kabyle	10	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	45	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	70	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	145	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0
Russian	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0
German	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5
Hindi	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	100	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	60	30	30
Portuguese	40	20	25
Romanian	5	0	5
Spanish	105	55	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15
Chinese languages	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	60	70
English and French	35	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,665	1,295	1,370
English	230	115	110
French	1,670	805	865
Non-official language	100	50	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	100	50	55
English and French	295	155	145
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	40
French and non-official language(s)	100	50	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	75	90
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,665	1,295	1,370
Single responses	2,475	1,200	1,275
Official languages	2,280	1,110	1,175
English	360	190	170
French	1,925	920	1,005
Non-official languages	190	90	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	90	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	50	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5
Hindi	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5
Portuguese	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	45	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15
Chinese languages	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	95	95
English and French	105	50	55
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,660	1,295	1,370
None	2,145	1,040	1,105
English	185	90	90
French	90	50	45
Non-official language	120	60	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	120	60	60
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	45	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,540	1,205	1,335
Official languages	2,530	1,195	1,335
English	2,055	1,015	1,040
French	2,365	1,110	1,255
Non-official languages	940	440	495
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	15
Algonquian languages	15	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	920	435	480
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	75	80
Berber languages	10	10	0
Kabyle	10	10	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	75	80
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	150	75	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	630	285	340
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	30	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	0	10
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	30	20	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	35	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	50	30	20
German	45	30	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	20	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	30	20	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	195	290
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	195	85	110
Portuguese	75	30	40
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	300	115	190
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	10
Korean	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25
Chinese languages	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,540	1,205	1,340
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	50	10	40
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	50	10	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	0	35
Métis	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,490	1,195	1,290
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,540	1,205	1,340
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	10	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,500	1,195	1,305
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,525	...	...
Owner	890	...	...
Renter	635	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,525	...	...
Condominium	1,120	...	...
Not condominium	405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,525	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...
1 bedroom	675	...	...
2 bedrooms	710	...	...
3 bedrooms	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,525	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,245	...	...
5 rooms	190	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,525	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,505	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,525	...	...
Suitable	1,475	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,525	...	...
1960 or before	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	65	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...
2011 to 2015	365	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,525	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,460	...	...
Major repairs needed	65	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,525	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,015	...	...
Two-maintainer household	500	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,525	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	400	...	...
35 to 44 years	340	...	...
45 to 54 years	210	...	...
55 to 64 years	220	...	...
65 to 74 years	245	...	...
75 to 84 years	65	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,505	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,135	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	370	...	...
30% to less than 100%	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,525	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	345	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,075	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,460	...	...
In core need	90	...	...
Not in core need	1,370	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	890	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,716	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	536,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	635	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,335	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,540	1,205	1,335
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	10	35
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	10	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	45	10	35
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	50	15	40
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	50	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,440	1,180	1,260
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,540	1,205	1,335
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,140	995	1,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	110	150
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,875	885	990
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	405	210	190
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,540	1,205	1,335
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,810	835	970
Immigrants⁸¹	540	265	280
Before 1980	80	35	50
1980 to 1990	50	25	25
1991 to 2000	70	35	40
2001 to 2010	125	70	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	210	100	110
2011 to 2015	50	15	30
2016 to 2021	160	85	75
Non-permanent residents⁸³	190	105	90
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	540	265	280
Under 5 years	35	15	15
5 to 14 years	80	25	50
15 to 24 years	120	70	50
25 to 44 years	220	95	125
45 years and over	90	55	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	540	265	280
Americas	110	40	70
Brazil	25	10	15
Colombia	15	0	15
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0
Peru	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15
Europe	200	100	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	105	65	40
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	35	15	15
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	0	25
Africa	110	65	50
Algeria	50	35	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	35	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10
Asia	120	55	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10
Taiwan	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	160	80	75
Americas	20	0	20
Brazil	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	60	30	25
France	35	25	10
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	60	40	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,540	1,205	1,340
First generation¹⁰⁰	775	375	395
Second generation¹⁰¹	380	190	190
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,390	640	745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455	225	230
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	315	170	150
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	165	105	65
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	145	65	80
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	90	30	60
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455	225	230
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	25	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	35	40
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	20	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	280	130	150
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,540	1,205	1,340
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	440	200	235
South Asian	15	10	0
Chinese	45	15	30
Black	70	40	30
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	105	55	55
Latin American	85	30	55
Southeast Asian	20	0	10
West Asian	15	0	10
Korean	20	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	25	10	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,105	1,005	1,100
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,540	1,205	1,335
Canadian	335	145	190
English	45	10	35
Irish	160	80	80
Scottish	90	45	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	850	435	415
German	90	50	40
Chinese	40	10	25
Italian	270	120	155
Indian (India)	20	15	10
Ukrainian	15	0	15
Dutch	15	15	0
Polish	40	25	15
Québécois	250	120	130
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	0	15
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	90	55	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	80	20	60
Métis	20	0	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	50	30	20
Russian	40	10	30
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10
Portuguese	15	10	0
American	15	0	0
Spanish	30	0	25
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	20
Acadian	30	15	15
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10
Jewish	30	15	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15
Greek	40	40	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10
Romanian	10	0	0
Lebanese	45	35	10
Iranian	20	10	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	15	0	0
Belgian	25	10	10
Haitian	35	20	15
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	15	0	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	35	10	30
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10
Moroccan	40	20	20
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	60	30	35
Brazilian	40	20	20
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	15
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	0	25
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	10
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,540	1,205	1,340
Buddhist	10	0	0
Christian	1,085	485	600
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	110	50	60
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	900	380	520
Christian Orthodox	40	30	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	30	10	20
Muslim	135	65	65
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,265	630	640
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,520	1,190	1,330
Non-movers	2,045	980	1,060
Movers	475	205	270
Non-migrants	385	155	225
Migrants	90	50	40
Internal migrants	70	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	70	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	20	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,435	1,160	1,280
Non-movers	895	415	480
Movers	1,545	740	805
Non-migrants	840	405	430
Migrants	710	335	370
Internal migrants	460	205	250
Intraprovincial migrants	365	180	180
Interprovincial migrants	90	25	65
External migrants	255	130	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,285	1,095	1,190
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	135	70	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,155	1,030	1,125
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,700	800	905
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	35	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,640	770	870
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,290	1,095	1,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	170	85	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,005	950	1,045
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	425	205	220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	60	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	55	40	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	240	100	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	40	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,580	750	825
Bachelor's degree	780	355	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	45	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	40	55
Master's degree	465	240	225
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	130	80	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,705	800	900
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	30	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,585	740	845
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	305	140	165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	35	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	30	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	180	75	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	25	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,285	600	680
Bachelor's degree	620	270	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	40	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	30	45
Master's degree	385	195	190
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	60	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,290	1,100	1,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	285	140	140
Education	75	25	50
13. Education	75	25	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	55	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	50	100
Humanities	140	60	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	25	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	20	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	15	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	110	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	20	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	65	30	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	95	50	45
Business, management and public administration	525	275	250
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	505	270	240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	70	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	30	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	100	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	75	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	240	180	60
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	15
14. Engineering	140	105	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	250	60	190
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	185	30	155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	30	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,700	800	900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	60	55
Education	50	15	35
13. Education	50	15	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	40	95
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	130	40	90
Humanities	105	55	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	15	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	80	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	10	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	60	30	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	60	30	30
Business, management and public administration	430	220	210
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	405	210	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	45	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	95	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	75	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	185	125	55
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	15
14. Engineering	115	80	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	200	55	145
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	160	30	130
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	0	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,700	800	900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	60	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,585	740	850
Location of study inside Canada	1,220	575	650
Same as province or territory of residence	1,135	530	610
Different than province or territory of residence	85	45	40
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	365	165	200
Americas	80	40	40
United States of America	30	15	15
Mexico	15	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	25	15	10
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	190	90	100
Belgium	0	0	0
France	125	75	50
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	0	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	45	25	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	45	0	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,290	1,095	1,190
In the labour force	1,615	790	820
Employed	1,530	750	780
Unemployed	85	40	40
Not in the labour force	675	305	370
Participation rate	70.5	72.1	68.9
Employment rate	66.8	68.5	65.5
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.1	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,290	1,100	1,195
Did not work¹⁸⁶	600	270	330
Worked	1,690	830	860
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,090	575	510
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	600	255	345
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	44.3	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,610	790	820
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,605	785	820
Employee	1,325	640	685
Permanent position	1,085	515	565
Temporary position	245	125	120
Fixed term (1 year or more)	150	85	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	95	40	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	275	145	130
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,610	790	820
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,605	785	820
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	45	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	415	185	230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	265	195	75
3 Health occupations	170	55	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265	105	165
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	170	75	100
6 Sales and service occupations	200	90	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	20	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,610	790	820
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,605	785	820
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	15	10	0
23 Construction	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	80	50	30
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	80	25	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	20
51 Information and cultural industries	115	75	40
52 Finance and insurance	145	80	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	200	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	15	15
61 Educational services	160	75	90
62 Health care and social assistance	200	75	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	15	30
72 Accommodation and food services	60	40	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	95	25	70
91 Public administration	100	25	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,750	860	890
English	250	120	130
French	685	300	390
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	755	415	340
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,750	860	890
Single responses	1,650	820	830
Official languages	1,640	810	830
English	475	245	225
French	1,175	565	605
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	40	60
English and French	85	40	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,750	860	890
None	1,035	460	570
English	465	260	205
French	220	130	95
Non-official language	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,530	750	780
Worked at home	795	405	390
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	40	30	0
Usual place of work	685	310	380
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	685	305	380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	520	230	290
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	70	30	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	45	45
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	720	335	385
Car, truck or van	345	180	165
Car, truck or van - as a driver	335	175	155
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	10
Public transit	235	100	135
Walked	105	45	60
Bicycle	25	10	20
Other method	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	720	335	385
Less than 15 minutes	95	50	45
15 to 29 minutes	305	145	160
30 to 44 minutes	225	115	110
45 to 59 minutes	75	15	60
60 minutes and over	25	0	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	720	335	385
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	30	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	210	120	90
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260	100	160
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	125	40	90
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	30	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	320	150	165
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	15	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	140	140
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	180	70	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	5	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	60	90

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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