Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661482More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24663253More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660376More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	748	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	1,511	...	...	284	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	454	...	...	976,966	...	...	819	...	...	137	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	421	...	...	910,359	...	...	760	...	...	121	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,169.0	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	12,826.8	...	...	10,441.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.12	...	...	0.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	750	390	355	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	1,510	760	755	285	135	145
0 to 14 years	80	40	45	309,765	158,545	151,225	320	160	160	55	30	25
0 to 4 years	35	20	10	99,195	50,760	48,435	130	70	55	20	10	10
5 to 9 years	30	5	20	106,985	54,660	52,320	105	40	60	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	90	45	45	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	575	310	265	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	1,010	520	490	175	80	100
15 to 19 years	30	15	20	97,525	49,340	48,180	60	25	30	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	65	30	35	140,025	70,895	69,125	55	25	35	10	5	5
25 to 29 years	110	55	55	165,525	83,630	81,895	110	40	65	15	10	5
30 to 34 years	100	55	45	157,725	78,995	78,730	150	75	70	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	75	40	35	149,265	74,115	75,155	170	90	80	20	10	15
40 to 44 years	60	30	25	142,365	70,920	71,445	145	80	70	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	40	20	20	125,505	62,690	62,815	115	60	50	25	10	15
50 to 54 years	45	30	15	121,710	61,735	59,975	70	40	30	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	35	15	15	125,465	63,810	61,655	85	50	35	15	5	10
60 to 64 years	25	15	10	118,065	57,920	60,140	60	35	25	20	10	10
65 years and over	90	40	45	351,325	151,210	200,120	180	75	100	55	25	30
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	99,325	46,730	52,595	65	35	35	10	5	5
70 to 74 years	20	10	10	86,030	39,185	46,845	55	25	30	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	63,215	27,320	35,895	35	10	20	10	10	5
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	46,875	18,960	27,915	10	5	10	10	5	5
85 years and over	15	10	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	10	0	10	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	10	5	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	10	0	5	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	17,780	5,610	12,170	5	0	5	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.7	10.3	12.7	15.5	16.1	14.8	21.2	21.1	21.2	19.3	22.2	17.2
15 to 64 years	76.7	79.5	74.6	67.0	68.5	65.6	66.9	68.4	64.9	61.4	59.3	69.0
65 years and over	12.0	10.3	12.7	17.5	15.4	19.6	11.9	9.9	13.2	19.3	18.5	20.7
85 years and over	2.0	2.6	1.4	2.8	1.9	3.6	0.7	0.0	1.3	1.8	3.7	0.0
Average age of the population	38.1	38.7	37.5	41.0	39.8	42.1	36.8	36.9	36.6	42.4	40.8	43.6
Median age of the population	34.4	35.2	32.8	39.6	38.4	40.4	37.2	38.4	35.6	43.6	41.6	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	425	...	...	910,360	...	...	760	...	...	125	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...	110,440	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	345	...	...	479,885	...	...	630	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	55	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	420	...	...	910,355	...	...	760	...	...	120	...	...
1 person	230	...	...	367,400	...	...	400	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...	271,730	...	...	165	...	...	40	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	118,205	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	98,205	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	54,820	...	...	55	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	750	390	355	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,515	755	755	285	135	150
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	665	355	310	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	1,190	595	595	230	105	125
Married or living common-law	285	145	140	822,440	414,330	408,115	545	285	260	125	65	60
Married	140	75	65	577,060	289,455	287,600	470	245	220	110	60	55
Living common-law	145	70	75	245,385	124,870	120,510	75	35	35	15	10	10
Living common law - Never married	135	65	70	207,040	104,785	102,250	70	30	35	10	5	5
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	32,295	16,915	15,380	5	5	0	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	380	210	175	872,060	410,935	461,125	645	315	335	105	45	60
Not married and not living common law - Never married	290	155	140	627,845	333,150	294,700	450	245	205	65	30	35
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	15	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	40	15	20	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	25	25	126,605	46,380	80,225	115	45	65	15	0	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	82,815	16,590	66,225	40	0	40	20	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	160	...	...	495,445	...	...	325	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	251,075	...	...	145	...	...	40	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	107,265	...	...	75	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	93,300	...	...	50	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	43,810	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	495,445	...	...	325	...	...	80	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	395,645	...	...	235	...	...	60	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	273,070	...	...	195	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	162,745	...	...	130	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	110,325	...	...	65	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	122,570	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	44,875	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	77,700	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	99,805	...	...	90	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	80,530	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	19,275	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	750	390	355	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,515	755	755	285	135	150
Total - Persons in census families	425	205	225	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	1,015	470	545	235	115	120
Married spouses or common-law partners	270	135	135	791,280	398,495	392,785	470	235	235	125	60	60
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	15	99,805	19,275	80,525	90	10	75	20	5	15
Children⁶	135	60	75	541,905	284,935	256,965	455	220	235	95	50	45
In a two-parent family	100	50	55	392,250	205,155	187,095	320	150	170	65	35	35
In a one-parent family	30	10	20	149,655	79,785	69,865	135	70	65	25	10	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	325	190	130	526,370	262,915	263,450	495	290	205	45	20	25
Living alone	225	135	85	367,395	175,660	191,740	400	225	175	40	20	20
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	49,280	22,020	27,255	40	15	20	5	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	80	45	30	109,690	65,235	44,455	55	50	5	0	0	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	420	...	...	910,360	...	...	760	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	455,970	...	...	300	...	...	80	...	...
Couple-family households	130	...	...	370,250	...	...	220	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	194,165	...	...	140	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	176,085	...	...	80	...	...	25	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	85,720	...	...	80	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	55,210	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	225	...	...	367,395	...	...	400	...	...	40	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	665	350	315	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,195	600	595	225	105	125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	645	345	300	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	1,130	575	555	215	100	120
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	36,000	32,800	37,600	39,600	36,000	28,800	30,000	27,200	37,200	38,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	645	345	300	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,130	575	555	215	100	120
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	32,000	31,200	34,000	35,200	32,800	27,000	27,600	25,800	32,800	32,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	600	325	280	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	865	455	410	190	90	100
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,800	28,000	23,600	31,000	35,200	27,000	19,800	24,000	16,200	22,600	24,400	21,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	290	230	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	765	420	345	150	65	80
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	27,800	30,000	32,800	36,000	29,600	23,000	26,200	18,600	28,200	33,600	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	560	290	270	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	1,035	515	520	190	85	105
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,700	8,900	10,800	9,600	12,000	12,300	10,600	14,000	14,500	15,100	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	85	50	40	171,705	84,570	87,145	160	85	70	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,920	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,480	5,480	5,800	4,080	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	130	105	529,640	276,110	253,530	435	240	200	75	35	40
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	9,000	8,000	12,000	13,000	10,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	595	335	260	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,135	555	575	220	90	130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	585	330	250	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	1,090	530	560	215	90	120
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,800	50,800	39,200	53,250	60,050	46,760	35,700	37,200	34,200	44,400	50,000	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	585	330	250	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	1,090	530	560	215	90	120
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,000	42,600	34,400	42,520	46,280	38,960	31,850	32,600	31,100	37,600	42,000	34,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	555	310	240	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	855	440	410	180	80	100
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	45,200	29,200	48,960	57,350	40,640	30,150	33,000	27,100	40,400	47,000	35,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	290	200	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	785	420	365	135	60	70
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	32,800	48,760	55,650	41,480	29,900	32,600	26,900	48,000	58,000	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	265	230	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	1,015	485	530	175	65	100
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,160	10,100	12,400	12,040	10,900	13,040	13,120	10,920	15,150	13,700	14,000	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	30	50	171,360	84,435	86,925	190	85	105	20	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,700	5,600	8,800	6,840	6,065	7,590	6,120	5,400	6,700	5,000	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	205	110	95	528,305	276,300	252,005	455	240	215	65	30	40
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,400	9,200	9,110	9,140	9,070	8,760	8,700	8,800	9,600	11,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,135	555	575	220	95	125
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	135	80	514,340	278,505	235,830	310	165	145	70	35	40
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	53,600	48,400	60,000	63,600	56,000	44,400	49,200	43,600	72,500	81,000	59,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,000	65,000	52,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	48,800	50,000	48,000	78,000	90,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	210	115	100	504,455	247,565	256,895	310	165	140	50	20	30
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,100	15,800	12,200	16,400	17,400	15,500	13,800	20,000	12,300	13,000	x	13,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	27,600	22,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	18,400	22,600	13,600	16,000	22,000	12,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.5	84.0	72.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	66.0	73.5	58.0	76.0	80.0	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.5	74.0	67.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	60.4	69.0	51.6	66.0	76.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.6	15.8	28.4	18.9	14.4	24.4	34.2	26.6	42.0	24.4	19.0	29.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	0.9	4.8	1.4	1.1	1.7	3.0	2.4	3.6	1.0	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.0	6.8	9.8	6.4	5.9	7.0	11.4	11.5	11.3	7.6	7.6	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.1	6.2	8.8	5.7	5.4	6.0	10.2	10.4	9.8	6.8	7.0	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	665	355	310	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,190	595	595	230	105	125
Without total income	15	10	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	60	25	40	15	5	5
With total income	645	345	300	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	1,135	575	560	215	100	115
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	20	138,250	65,670	72,580	110	50	65	25	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	100	50	45	200,450	93,060	107,390	230	125	110	30	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	140	75	60	286,825	131,235	155,595	245	115	130	35	20	15
$30,000 to $39,999	90	40	50	215,455	102,705	112,755	185	95	90	30	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	85	50	40	181,505	86,460	95,040	125	65	55	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	25	138,185	64,805	73,380	85	45	35	15	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	100,060	48,510	51,550	45	25	20	10	0	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	30	15	15	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	5	15	58,400	30,060	28,335	20	15	5	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	42,240	22,360	19,875	15	5	5	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	149,555	92,680	56,875	40	20	15	10	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	30	15	10	90,980	53,275	37,705	35	15	15	5	5	0
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	5	5	0	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	665	355	310	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,190	595	595	230	105	125
Without after-tax income	15	10	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	60	25	40	15	5	5
With after-tax income	645	345	305	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,135	575	560	215	100	115
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	144,275	67,955	76,320	115	50	65	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	100	55	45	210,975	98,495	112,480	235	125	110	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	160	90	75	334,395	155,845	178,545	295	145	145	40	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	115	60	50	257,145	124,835	132,315	195	105	90	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	90	50	45	204,980	97,805	107,175	120	55	65	30	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	20	139,760	67,315	72,450	80	40	35	15	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	20	93,705	46,700	47,005	35	25	10	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	5	15	61,765	31,815	29,945	20	5	10	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	38,975	21,640	17,335	25	10	15	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	5	0	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	10	5	5	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	5	5	0	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	665	355	310	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,190	595	595	230	105	125
Without employment income	145	65	80	495,060	212,405	282,660	430	175	250	80	40	45
With employment income	520	290	235	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	765	420	345	145	70	80
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	45	30	167,560	82,405	85,155	120	60	60	25	15	10
$5,000 to $9,999	55	30	25	111,575	52,975	58,595	100	50	50	15	10	5
$10,000 to $19,999	85	45	40	151,350	72,815	78,530	135	70	70	25	0	20
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	116,030	56,295	59,730	85	50	35	10	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	20	108,120	55,225	52,890	80	50	30	10	0	10
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	104,250	51,950	52,300	70	50	25	10	5	10
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	50	25	25	10	0	5
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	20	66,190	35,045	31,145	30	25	10	10	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	25	15	10	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	30	10	15	46,000	24,150	21,850	20	15	10	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	5	0	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	25	5	115,575	74,545	41,030	35	20	10	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	47,525	28,870	18,655	20	15	5	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	15	10	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	10	5	5	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	665	350	315	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,195	600	595	225	105	125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	335	290	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	1,090	550	535	205	95	110
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	30,400	28,800	34,000	36,400	31,800	23,000	23,400	22,600	33,600	32,800	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	335	290	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	1,090	550	535	205	95	110
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	28,400	27,800	31,000	32,800	29,400	22,200	22,600	22,200	30,600	30,600	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	565	305	265	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	825	440	395	180	80	100
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	30,200	26,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	23,200	24,800	19,800	26,000	26,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	495	275	225	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	740	405	340	135	65	70
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	30,800	27,800	33,600	36,800	30,400	23,800	25,400	21,000	36,000	37,600	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	260	245	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	975	480	495	165	75	95
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,040	1,840	2,800	4,440	2,760	7,300	5,120	3,160	8,700	8,700	8,100	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	25	15	114,940	56,080	58,855	95	45	40	20	10	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	7,150	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,240	4,240	4,280	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	595	335	260	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,135	555	575	220	90	130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	580	330	250	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	1,040	505	535	200	85	115
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	43,400	34,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	31,500	32,400	30,800	41,600	50,000	35,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	580	330	250	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	1,040	505	535	200	85	115
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,200	30,200	39,800	43,800	35,920	28,200	28,400	28,000	35,200	41,000	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	300	235	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	830	425	405	165	75	90
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,600	42,000	29,800	49,080	57,750	40,560	29,700	31,800	27,500	40,800	50,000	33,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470	275	200	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	760	415	350	125	60	70
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	32,800	48,720	55,750	41,240	29,800	31,100	28,300	47,000	58,000	39,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	485	270	205	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	930	440	490	155	50	100
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,280	7,250	8,250	6,740	9,510	8,700	6,400	10,800	10,600	11,200	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	30	20	114,595	55,675	58,915	120	65	55	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,000	12,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	6,700	6,600	6,800	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,135	555	575	220	95	125
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	135	80	507,645	274,575	233,070	305	160	145	70	35	40
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,400	44,400	42,000	54,400	58,400	50,400	38,400	44,800	31,600	64,500	78,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,000	56,000	45,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	41,200	44,000	38,500	68,000	80,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	210	110	105	462,020	227,495	234,530	265	150	110	45	15	30
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	16,800	14,800	21,800	23,200	20,400	18,000	18,200	17,000	16,000	x	16,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	28,400	24,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	24,600	25,600	23,200	24,000	24,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.0	88.0	82.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	75.2	83.0	67.5	80.0	85.0	76.0
Employment income (%)	77.5	78.0	76.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	69.6	78.5	60.4	72.0	80.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)	14.1	12.0	18.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	24.8	17.2	32.4	19.5	14.0	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.5	1.1	0.8	1.6	2.5	2.6	2.4	x	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	420	...	...	910,355	...	...	760	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	66,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	58,000	...	...	36,000	...	...	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	225	...	...	367,395	...	...	400	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	25,600	...	...	36,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	24,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	195	...	...	542,960	...	...	360	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	62,800	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	92,700	...	...	52,300	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,800	...	...	74,100	...	...	46,700	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	367,255	...	...	380	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	49,760	...	...	31,700	...	...	37,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,640	...	...	28,600	...	...	33,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	543,100	...	...	365	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	74,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	66,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	420	...	...	910,355	...	...	760	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	17,665	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	25,730	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	57,720	...	...	75	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	41,160	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	40,595	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	41,545	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	42,630	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	40,980	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	75,485	...	...	60	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	67,695	...	...	45	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	60,495	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	54,055	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	270,265	...	...	90	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	85,635	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	56,205	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	62,095	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	66,335	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	420	...	...	910,355	...	...	760	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	17,965	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	27,485	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	63,030	...	...	85	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	49,660	...	...	80	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	48,815	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	51,055	...	...	50	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	50,890	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	47,120	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	85,490	...	...	65	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	75,625	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	65,530	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	54,850	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,065	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	197,490	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	78,870	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	45,905	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	165	...	...	501,830	...	...	335	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	82,000	...	...	62,800	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	179,195	...	...	80	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	75,000	...	...	58,800	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	208,260	...	...	145	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	75,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	95,875	...	...	90	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	46,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	59,600	...	...	44,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	310	185	120	477,085	240,895	236,195	455	275	185	40	20	25
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	30,000	31,200	34,400	34,800	34,000	26,400	29,000	22,000	36,800	x	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,200	27,800	28,800	31,200	31,200	31,200	25,200	27,000	21,600	32,400	x	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	501,905	...	...	345	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	74,400	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	66,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	179,455	...	...	80	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	94,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	208,375	...	...	120	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	88,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	78,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	95,455	...	...	110	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	48,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	44,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	295	185	110	476,520	240,280	236,245	420	245	175	50	20	35
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	48,800	37,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	32,000	33,200	30,400	37,000	28,000	40,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	41,600	32,500	37,600	37,920	37,280	28,900	29,800	27,800	33,000	28,000	36,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	750	395	355	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	1,510	760	750	285	135	145
0 to 17 years	100	45	55	365,020	186,710	178,315	355	180	180	65	35	30
0 to 5 years	40	20	15	120,615	61,615	58,995	155	80	70	25	10	10
18 to 64 years	555	305	255	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	975	510	470	165	75	90
65 years and over	90	45	45	317,425	140,270	177,155	180	75	100	55	25	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	150	90	65	321,885	154,370	167,510	520	250	265	40	20	20
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	54,265	27,870	26,395	115	55	60	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	10	0	10	18,760	9,545	9,215	65	35	30	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	115	70	45	197,020	99,310	97,710	305	160	145	20	10	10
65 years and over	25	15	10	70,600	27,185	43,415	95	35	60	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.4	22.8	17.5	16.4	16.0	16.9	34.2	32.8	35.6	15.6	16.0	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	16.0	16.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	32.5	31.0	34.0	18.0	16.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	x	40.0	15.6	15.5	15.6	42.0	40.0	44.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	20.4	24.0	17.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	31.0	31.2	30.8	13.0	14.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	26.0	28.0	28.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	55.0	48.0	62.0	24.0	20.0	25.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	750	390	355	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	1,510	755	750	285	135	150
0 to 17 years	100	45	55	365,025	186,705	178,315	360	175	185	60	35	30
0 to 5 years	35	20	20	120,610	61,615	58,995	150	80	70	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	560	300	255	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	975	505	470	170	70	95
65 years and over	90	45	50	317,425	140,265	177,155	175	80	100	55	25	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	120	70	50	213,720	108,905	104,815	350	170	175	20	10	15
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	60	35	30	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	35	20	15	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	100	65	40	153,385	81,765	71,620	225	120	105	10	5	5
65 years and over	5	5	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	60	25	40	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.0	18.5	13.6	10.9	11.3	10.6	23.0	22.6	23.4	7.6	7.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	10.0	8.1	8.1	8.1	17.5	18.0	16.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	22.0	24.0	20.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	18.4	20.0	16.5	12.0	12.8	11.2	23.2	23.2	23.2	7.0	8.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	12.0	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	33.0	28.0	38.0	12.0	x	16.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	750	390	355	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,510	760	755	285	135	145
In bottom half of the distribution	545	290	250	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	1,250	635	615	195	90	105
In bottom decile	150	90	65	298,540	147,890	150,655	445	215	230	40	20	20
In second decile	105	55	55	244,435	115,985	128,450	280	150	130	40	15	20
In third decile	110	65	50	240,895	116,550	124,345	235	125	115	45	15	30
In fourth decile	105	55	55	218,125	105,885	112,240	165	80	85	35	20	20
In fifth decile	65	30	35	194,765	95,185	99,580	120	65	60	35	20	15
In top half of the distribution	205	105	105	762,590	384,140	378,450	260	125	135	95	45	45
In sixth decile	50	30	25	172,200	85,100	87,095	105	40	60	35	15	20
In seventh decile	45	20	25	156,540	78,290	78,250	45	20	20	20	10	10
In eighth decile	55	25	35	144,120	72,600	71,525	50	30	20	30	15	15
In ninth decile	35	15	20	134,265	68,285	65,980	40	25	20	0	0	0
In top decile	20	15	5	155,465	79,870	75,595	20	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	750	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	1,510	...	...	285	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.338	...	...	0.266	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.459	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.557	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.301	...	...	0.232	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	1,510	760	750	285	135	150
English only	30	15	10	262,290	133,690	128,600	230	125	100	20	10	5
French only	240	120	120	486,845	221,005	265,840	605	290	315	90	35	45
English and French	460	245	210	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	615	315	300	175	80	90
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	60	25	35	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	1,510	760	750	285	135	150
English	65	35	35	605,220	303,380	301,835	325	170	155	65	30	30
French	595	325	275	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	970	490	485	170	85	85
English and French	70	30	40	173,785	88,480	85,300	150	75	80	45	15	25
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	60	25	35	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	1,510	760	750	285	135	150
Single responses	705	370	335	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	1,380	695	685	255	125	130
Official languages	475	255	220	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	670	350	320	90	55	40
English	30	15	15	322,315	162,085	160,230	115	55	65	15	10	5
French	445	240	205	870,975	428,435	442,540	550	290	260	80	45	30
Non-official languages	225	120	110	643,275	311,525	331,750	710	350	365	165	70	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	120	110	642,820	311,370	331,445	710	350	360	165	70	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	35	20	129,195	68,395	60,805	265	145	125	45	20	25
Berber languages	15	10	5	15,675	8,420	7,250	10	5	5	15	5	5
Kabyle	15	10	5	14,510	7,750	6,760	10	5	0	15	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	780	365	410	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	750	350	400	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	30	15	112,200	59,320	52,880	235	130	105	30	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	565	265	300	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	40	30	15	107,605	56,960	50,645	230	130	100	30	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	24,640	11,340	13,300	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	19,905	9,185	10,725	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	18,505	7,175	11,330	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	13,350	5,085	8,265	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	37,690	16,985	20,705	40	10	25	20	5	10
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	27,565	12,185	15,375	25	10	20	15	5	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	8,705	4,110	4,595	5	0	10	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	45	60	329,415	158,980	170,435	200	100	100	80	30	50
Albanian	5	5	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	10	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	37,235	16,405	20,835	15	5	10	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	15	5	10	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	10	5	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	110	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	85	45	45	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	15	10	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	25	15	10	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	10	0	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	183,755	87,295	96,460	55	25	30	70	25	40
Catalan	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	63,560	29,680	33,880	5	0	5	60	25	35
Portuguese	10	5	5	19,465	9,245	10,215	5	5	0	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	35	85,395	41,150	44,250	35	20	20	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	115	50	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	690	340	350	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	690	365	320	15	5	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	20	5	15	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	140	65	80	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	815	395	415	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	485	225	255	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	350	315	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	360	200	165	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	130	10	5	5	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	57,075	26,030	31,035	50	20	30	5	5	0
Chinese languages	20	15	10	56,890	25,955	30,935	50	20	30	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	25	10	15	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	20	143,450	71,980	71,470	130	65	65	30	10	20
English and French	15	5	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	30	25	10	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	47,185	23,615	23,570	55	25	30	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	10	5	5	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	1,510	760	750	285	135	150
English	35	10	20	340,470	170,050	170,425	125	70	55	30	15	15
French	405	210	195	779,125	383,000	396,125	565	290	280	70	40	30
Non-official language	70	35	35	204,395	96,705	107,690	215	110	110	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	35	204,315	96,670	107,645	215	110	110	45	20	25
English and French	75	40	30	173,135	89,205	83,935	80	40	45	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	135,390	66,995	68,400	90	45	40	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	100	55	45	180,900	85,935	94,965	270	125	145	75	30	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	154,470	76,450	78,020	135	65	65	35	15	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	12,130	5,690	6,435	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	1,510	760	750	285	135	150
Single responses	670	345	325	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	1,295	655	645	245	120	125
Official languages	540	280	260	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	895	460	440	160	80	75
English	50	25	25	479,850	239,270	240,580	185	100	85	50	25	25
French	490	255	230	956,130	471,155	484,975	715	360	350	105	60	50
Non-official languages	135	60	70	370,290	177,955	192,335	400	195	205	85	35	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	60	70	370,125	177,895	192,235	400	195	205	85	35	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	66,095	34,080	32,015	170	85	80	30	15	15
Berber languages	5	0	5	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	370	175	195	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	350	165	185	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	58,585	30,100	28,490	155	80	80	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	270	130	145	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	56,520	29,075	27,445	155	80	75	25	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	5	5	5	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	30	40	188,550	90,370	98,185	125	55	65	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	5	5	5	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	5	5	5	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	75	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	70	35	35	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	10	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	35	95,835	44,515	51,315	25	10	15	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0	20	5	10
Portuguese	10	5	5	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	54,335	26,035	28,300	20	5	10	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	35	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	370	175	190	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	205	100	105	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	455	240	215	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	585	255	325	10	0	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	480	220	255	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	130	50	80	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	345	155	185	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	55	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45	5	5	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	595	350	250	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	43,570	20,275	23,295	40	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	43,475	20,230	23,240	40	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	30,855	14,425	16,430	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	45	30	173,745	85,640	88,110	215	105	110	45	20	25
English and French	20	15	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	45	25	20	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	20	10	15	10	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	40	30	15	57,355	27,790	29,565	120	55	60	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	30	10	15	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	750	390	355	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	1,515	755	755	285	135	150
None	565	290	270	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	1,065	540	525	180	90	90
English	60	35	25	131,630	67,290	64,340	75	45	30	15	5	5
French	40	20	20	126,780	62,180	64,600	95	40	55	25	10	15
Non-official language	45	25	15	144,335	69,210	75,130	160	75	85	35	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	15	144,155	69,135	75,015	160	75	85	35	20	20
English and French	5	0	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	25	10	15	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	38,875	19,700	19,180	40	25	20	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	33,620	16,170	17,450	30	15	10	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	11,505	5,770	5,735	10	5	5	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	670	380	285	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,470	720	745	260	115	145
Official languages	645	370	275	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	1,405	680	725	250	105	140
English	455	250	200	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	850	430	420	155	70	85
French	625	360	265	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	1,180	550	635	225	90	135
Non-official languages	285	145	140	971,455	471,755	499,700	995	455	550	220	90	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	285	145	140	970,710	471,495	499,220	995	455	550	220	90	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	217,295	113,605	103,690	330	160	170	80	35	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	35	15	15	45	20	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	35	15	15	45	20	25
Tamazight	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	205,120	107,210	97,905	315	155	160	75	35	40
Amharic	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	188,115	98,545	89,565	305	155	155	75	35	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	32,680	15,395	17,290	15	15	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	26,160	12,400	13,760	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	76,295	34,775	41,520	70	20	50	20	10	20
Haitian Creole	15	10	10	67,895	30,695	37,205	45	15	40	20	0	20
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	10	0	10	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	60	80	514,485	250,190	264,295	330	160	170	110	45	65
Albanian	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	50,700	23,530	27,165	10	0	0	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	50,190	23,320	26,870	10	0	0	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	160	75	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	135	65	70	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	65	30	35	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	60	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	30	15	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	15	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	60	65	324,695	154,360	170,340	150	70	80	95	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	0	25	107,285	51,300	55,985	25	15	10	70	30	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	35	0	30	0	0	0
Spanish	85	50	35	193,835	91,345	102,490	105	50	50	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	30	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	240	85	145	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	60	15	40	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	45	10	40	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	540	235	300	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	20	0	20	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	15	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	45	15	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	725	400	320	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	710	400	315	15	0	10	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	68,485	31,760	36,720	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	68,285	31,685	36,595	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	10	51,885	23,845	28,040	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	25	20	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	25	20	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	665	380	285	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,465	720	745	260	115	150
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	10	10	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	665	380	285	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	1,455	710	745	260	115	150
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	665	380	285	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,465	720	745	260	115	150
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	665	380	285	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	1,465	720	745	260	115	150
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	360,125	...	...	160	...	...	40	...	...
Renter	280	...	...	550,240	...	...	585	...	...	80	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
Condominium	75	...	...	192,985	...	...	125	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	330	...	...	717,375	...	...	620	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	267,715	...	...	400	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...	303,875	...	...	200	...	...	25	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	220,945	...	...	40	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	98,090	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	315	...	...	501,570	...	...	620	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	166,230	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	78,495	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	105,210	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.5	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
One person or fewer per room	400	...	...	881,730	...	...	675	...	...	130	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
Suitable	380	...	...	834,885	...	...	600	...	...	125	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	75,475	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	325,005	...	...	175	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	130	...	...	282,605	...	...	155	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	101,185	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	63,765	...	...	70	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	35	...	...	35,320	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	375	...	...	833,540	...	...	665	...	...	115	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	76,815	...	...	75	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
One-maintainer household	280	...	...	543,605	...	...	580	...	...	85	...	...
Two-maintainer household	130	...	...	333,140	...	...	155	...	...	35	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	33,620	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	745	...	...	130	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	40,960	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	100	...	...	162,375	...	...	140	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	171,535	...	...	220	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	155,520	...	...	110	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	156,865	...	...	110	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	122,825	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	70,345	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	400	...	...	902,485	...	...	740	...	...	125	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	305	...	...	686,075	...	...	525	...	...	100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	95	...	...	216,410	...	...	220	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	189,795	...	...	195	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	740	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	140	...	...	330,635	...	...	350	...	...	35	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	85	...	...	186,350	...	...	140	...	...	20	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	56,480	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	50,745	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	18,075	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	265	...	...	579,720	...	...	395	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	380	...	...	875,865	...	...	715	...	...	125	...	...
In core need	45	...	...	87,945	...	...	160	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	340	...	...	787,925	...	...	555	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	360,120	...	...	155	...	...	45	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.2	...	...	60.0	...	...	58.1	...	...	22.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.9	...	...	17.4	...	...	25.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	9.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,130	...	...	820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,160	...	...	1,280	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	332,000	...	...	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	355,000	...	...	760,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280	...	...	550,235	...	...	585	...	...	80	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	27.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.2	...	...	28.4	...	...	30.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.8	...	...	14.6	...	...	25.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	740	...	...	890	...	...	675	...	...	660	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	795	...	...	987	...	...	716	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	665	380	290	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	1,465	725	745	260	110	150
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	660	375	285	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	1,465	720	745	260	110	150
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	670	385	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	1,465	720	750	260	115	145
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	570	325	240	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	930	440	490	215	85	125
Canadian citizens aged under 18	75	50	25	322,965	164,980	157,985	255	120	140	35	20	20
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	490	275	215	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	675	320	355	175	65	110
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	100	55	45	313,410	160,530	152,885	540	285	255	50	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	670	385	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	1,465	720	750	260	115	145
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	395	225	170	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	485	240	240	130	55	75
Immigrants⁸¹	235	135	95	652,730	313,955	338,770	660	305	355	125	55	75
Before 1980	40	25	20	108,265	50,530	57,735	40	30	15	45	20	30
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	50	10	40	15	0	0
1991 to 2000	30	15	10	106,810	50,520	56,290	100	50	55	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	65	40	25	154,780	74,520	80,255	235	105	125	25	10	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	80	40	40	213,175	104,225	108,950	230	105	120	40	10	25
2011 to 2015	40	20	15	99,070	48,005	51,065	90	35	55	10	0	10
2016 to 2021	40	20	20	114,110	56,220	57,885	140	70	65	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	20	138,240	75,380	62,860	330	175	150	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	235	135	95	652,725	313,955	338,770	655	305	355	130	55	75
Under 5 years	0	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	15	15	0	15	0	15
5 to 14 years	40	25	15	103,285	51,965	51,320	85	35	50	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	35	15	15	118,475	53,035	65,440	155	75	75	20	15	10
25 to 44 years	135	75	55	326,320	158,620	167,700	340	155	185	75	40	35
45 years and over	15	10	10	51,660	23,520	28,140	60	25	35	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	235	135	95	652,725	313,955	338,770	655	305	355	130	55	75
Americas	45	30	10	137,955	63,465	74,485	110	60	50	35	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	48,570	21,555	27,015	30	10	25	20	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	25	10	15	0	0	0
Europe	75	30	45	158,795	76,610	82,190	35	10	30	40	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	40	15	25	42,245	22,305	19,935	10	0	10	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0	30	10	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	25	0	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	65	10	152,205	77,515	74,690	355	150	205	45	20	25
Algeria	20	15	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	55	30	20	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	30	0	25	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	405	205	205	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	35	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	215	100	115	0	0	0
Asia	40	15	30	202,715	95,775	106,935	160	85	75	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	32,815	14,710	18,100	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	17,570	7,995	9,575	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	25	0	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	20	20	114,110	56,220	57,885	140	75	70	25	15	15
Americas	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	15	19,140	9,995	9,145	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	70	35	35	20	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	20	15	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	10	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	30	15	15	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	45	20	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	670	380	285	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,465	720	745	260	115	150
First generation¹⁰⁰	280	160	120	813,905	400,325	413,580	995	490	510	130	60	80
Second generation¹⁰¹	100	60	40	424,225	212,755	211,475	335	170	170	90	45	45
Third generation or more¹⁰²	285	165	130	721,230	352,590	368,630	130	65	70	35	10	25
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	190	115	75	544,455	263,425	281,040	615	275	340	80	35	45
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	65	35	303,105	155,090	148,020	245	95	150	50	20	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	55	20	151,015	87,200	63,815	140	65	75	30	20	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	15	20	152,090	67,890	84,205	105	35	75	20	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	30	35	146,645	59,645	87,000	195	80	115	20	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	170	90	75	10	0	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	190	115	75	544,455	263,425	281,040	615	275	340	80	35	45
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	125	65	60	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	20	20	56,685	26,490	30,195	25	10	15	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	10	0	10	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	120	70	50	387,815	184,015	203,795	425	180	240	70	25	40
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	670	380	285	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,465	720	745	260	115	150
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	220	130	90	737,510	363,785	373,725	1,185	570	615	80	40	40
South Asian	10	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	130	70	60	0	0	0
Chinese	25	0	15	69,985	32,190	37,795	40	15	20	0	0	0
Black	95	75	15	208,805	101,125	107,680	735	330	405	30	10	15
Filipino	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	35	20	15	151,890	79,375	72,515	180	95	85	35	20	20
Latin American	15	10	10	82,550	40,580	41,970	40	20	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	30	10	20	40,535	19,270	21,265	15	10	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	30	20	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	450	250	195	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	285	155	135	180	75	105
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	670	380	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,470	720	750	260	115	145
Canadian	90	50	40	241,015	115,880	125,135	75	30	50	35	20	20
English	20	0	15	59,710	30,025	29,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	10	0	0	102,325	48,885	53,440	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	10	0	0	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	215	135	85	336,880	169,710	167,170	60	30	30	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	35	10	25	74,630	34,410	40,220	40	20	20	0	0	0
Italian	40	0	35	156,025	76,485	79,535	25	15	10	70	30	40
Indian (India)	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	50	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	30	15	108,910	54,650	54,260	40	15	25	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	20	10	0	66,400	31,740	34,655	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	10	10	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	10	10	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	15	10	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	55	30	30	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10	35,410	17,485	17,930	230	125	105	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	28,910	13,890	15,015	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	15	56,950	30,125	26,830	55	30	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	30	0	30	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	90	35	60	25	10	15
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	25	10	15	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	15	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	20	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	25	20	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	25	20	15	41,695	21,670	20,025	60	35	20	40	20	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	20	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	25	20	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	50	15	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	25	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0	15	10	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	35	15	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	20	15	10	30	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	665	380	285	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	1,465	720	745	265	115	150
Buddhist	20	10	15	28,350	12,580	15,775	20	10	10	0	0	0
Christian	265	155	115	969,945	451,410	518,540	615	280	330	165	65	95
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	50	30	20	116,635	55,545	61,090	180	90	90	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	15	0	10	0	0	0
Catholic	200	115	85	675,695	314,690	361,010	285	145	145	140	55	85
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	35	15	15	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	60	10	50	15	10	15
Hindu	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	30	15	20	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	55	35	20	233,440	121,145	112,290	585	290	295	65	30	40
Sikh	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	30	20	15	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	10	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	310	175	135	590,140	310,985	279,165	185	110	70	30	15	15
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	665	375	290	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	1,460	715	745	260	110	145
Non-movers	520	305	220	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	1,240	620	620	250	105	140
Movers	145	75	75	255,365	129,500	125,865	215	95	125	0	0	0
Non-migrants	115	60	50	186,805	94,745	92,055	180	65	110	0	0	0
Migrants	35	10	20	68,560	34,750	33,810	40	30	10	0	0	0
Internal migrants	35	10	20	37,680	18,795	18,885	20	10	10	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	35	10	20	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	15	10	0	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	635	350	285	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	1,330	615	720	245	105	140
Non-movers	280	155	130	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	685	310	370	150	65	85
Movers	355	195	155	821,475	413,250	408,230	650	300	345	90	35	50
Non-migrants	225	125	100	433,700	216,030	217,670	255	85	170	65	25	40
Migrants	125	70	55	387,770	197,215	190,560	390	215	170	25	10	10
Internal migrants	80	40	40	190,035	93,955	96,075	45	35	10	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	65	35	30	159,710	78,770	80,940	30	25	10	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	30,325	15,190	15,135	15	10	0	0	0	0
External migrants	45	30	20	197,735	103,260	94,485	340	180	160	10	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,135	555	575	220	95	130
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	90	55	35	274,820	136,500	138,320	280	160	120	45	15	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	510	285	225	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	850	400	455	180	80	100
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	420	255	170	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	840	425	415	145	70	80
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	20	121,295	65,950	55,345	190	110	80	15	15	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	380	230	150	975,700	481,690	494,005	645	315	335	135	55	80
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,135	560	575	220	95	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	45	35	247,460	120,840	126,625	240	140	105	35	20	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	100	55	50	319,755	162,520	157,240	230	145	85	35	30	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	415	235	175	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	665	270	390	145	50	95
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	80	55	473,060	232,855	240,210	350	115	235	110	25	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	0	146,170	81,740	64,425	120	50	70	30	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	25	0	106,110	54,025	52,085	90	20	70	25	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	30	30	0	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	40	35	260,845	122,345	138,495	165	40	125	75	10	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	15	66,045	28,760	37,285	65	25	40	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	275	155	120	609,855	291,355	318,505	310	155	160	35	20	20
Bachelor's degree	180	90	90	344,605	160,320	184,285	205	105	100	25	15	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	25	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	35	10	15	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	40	20	159,510	78,325	81,190	55	25	25	10	10	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	420	250	170	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	835	430	410	145	65	75
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	20	15	102,815	55,805	47,015	160	95	60	10	10	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	35	25	10	162,205	88,420	73,785	140	100	35	35	25	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	345	200	145	831,975	403,420	428,555	540	225	310	100	30	70
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	65	40	333,160	167,260	165,895	265	95	165	65	15	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	25	0	110,390	60,690	49,700	95	40	55	15	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	20	0	81,090	40,585	40,505	75	20	55	15	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	20	20	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	35	20	174,185	84,745	89,445	110	35	75	45	0	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	15	48,580	21,830	26,755	60	25	40	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	240	135	105	498,815	236,155	262,665	275	135	145	40	20	15
Bachelor's degree	155	80	75	276,640	128,890	147,745	180	95	90	25	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	20	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	25	10	20	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	10	0	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	55	30	25	137,150	66,720	70,430	50	20	30	15	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	15	10	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	595	335	265	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,135	555	580	225	95	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	185	100	85	567,220	283,355	283,860	470	285	185	75	45	30
Education	25	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	20	0	20	0	0	0
13. Education	25	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	20	0	20	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	20	15	69,210	32,705	36,505	30	20	10	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	61,135	27,085	34,045	20	10	10	0	0	0
Humanities	30	15	15	78,920	30,815	48,110	30	15	25	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	20	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	10	28,165	11,870	16,295	10	0	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	35	45	157,220	58,185	99,040	90	40	55	15	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	10	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	18,245	2,110	16,130	30	0	30	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	28,365	11,670	16,690	15	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	10	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	20	59,300	29,185	30,110	35	25	10	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	70	45	25	248,895	110,950	137,945	195	60	135	40	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	45	15	237,125	108,040	129,090	195	60	135	40	10	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	25	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	50	15	30	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	20	0	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	15	65,435	46,010	19,420	25	15	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	10	53,075	39,595	13,480	20	15	0	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	55	10	173,380	143,615	29,765	95	85	10	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	25	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	40	35	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	20	20	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20,645	19,920	730	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	15	25	122,295	30,795	91,495	100	10	90	10	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	15	25	109,185	24,140	85,045	90	0	85	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	20	0	10	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	15	0	10	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	420	250	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	840	425	415	145	70	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	75	50	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	300	200	100	40	35	10
Education	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	10	0	10
13. Education	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	20	10	54,840	26,500	28,340	30	15	10	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	48,205	21,870	26,335	20	10	0	0	0	0
Humanities	20	10	10	52,565	20,765	31,805	20	0	15	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	15	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	30	40	121,985	44,105	77,880	85	40	45	15	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	10	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	14,380	1,525	12,850	25	0	25	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	15	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	10	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	35	20	20	44,580	21,945	22,635	30	25	0	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	70	50	25	199,525	87,920	111,600	170	50	120	40	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	50	15	190,410	85,600	104,810	170	50	120	40	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	20	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	40	20	20	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	25	0	15	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	10	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	15	53,860	38,275	15,590	10	10	0	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	15	45,135	33,805	11,335	10	10	0	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	45	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	70	60	10	20	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	25	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	30	25	0	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	15	15	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15,275	14,660	615	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	20	25	92,595	23,265	69,330	75	10	65	10	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	25	82,410	18,370	64,045	65	0	65	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	20	10	15	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	420	250	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	840	425	415	145	70	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	75	50	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	300	200	100	40	35	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	345	205	145	831,975	403,415	428,560	540	230	310	105	35	70
Location of study inside Canada	230	125	105	598,455	286,340	312,115	340	165	180	75	20	55
Same as province or territory of residence	230	125	105	566,540	270,160	296,380	325	150	175	75	20	55
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	15	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	75	35	233,520	117,075	116,445	200	65	130	25	10	10
Americas	10	10	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	25	20	74,705	39,515	35,190	30	0	20	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	35	20	15	43,480	23,805	19,675	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	60	40	15	50,645	26,790	23,860	120	50	70	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	20	15	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	20	10	10	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	25	10	11,115	6,080	5,030	75	30	50	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	35	10	30	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,135	560	575	220	95	125
In the labour force	450	260	190	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	805	430	375	140	65	75
Employed	390	230	165	971,245	502,885	468,360	665	360	305	135	60	75
Unemployed	60	30	30	110,395	58,460	51,935	145	75	75	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	145	75	70	568,495	246,215	322,280	330	130	200	80	30	55
Participation rate	75.6	77.6	73.1	65.5	69.5	61.8	70.9	76.8	65.2	63.6	68.4	60.0
Employment rate	65.5	68.7	63.5	58.9	62.3	55.6	58.6	64.3	53.0	61.4	63.2	60.0
Unemployment rate	13.3	11.5	15.8	10.2	10.4	10.0	18.0	17.4	20.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	595	335	260	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,135	555	575	225	95	125
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	85	75	582,470	253,075	329,400	490	210	280	95	40	55
Worked	435	250	185	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	640	345	295	130	55	70
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	215	130	85	529,400	287,950	241,450	315	170	145	70	35	35
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	220	115	100	538,265	266,540	271,725	325	180	150	60	25	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.5	40.6	38.0	39.7	40.2	39.3	38.8	39.7	37.8	41.2	43.0	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	450	260	190	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	805	430	380	135	60	75
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	75	50	25	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	440	250	190	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	735	380	355	130	60	75
Employee	410	235	175	907,745	457,830	449,915	660	340	325	120	55	65
Permanent position	295	175	120	741,830	380,445	361,385	495	275	215	90	45	40
Temporary position	115	65	55	165,915	77,385	88,530	170	65	105	30	10	25
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	20	20	69,690	31,285	38,405	80	35	45	20	0	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	70	40	30	96,225	46,100	50,120	90	30	60	10	0	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	15	20	142,380	88,145	54,230	70	40	30	10	0	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	450	260	190	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	805	430	380	135	60	75
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	75	50	25	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	440	250	190	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	735	380	355	130	60	75
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	85	55	30	207,660	79,975	127,685	95	45	55	30	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	45	10	114,775	85,780	28,990	45	25	20	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	30	20	15	85,545	21,700	63,845	90	10	80	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	20	45	140,500	46,385	94,115	75	30	50	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15	61,790	31,615	30,175	15	0	0	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	115	50	60	263,055	135,300	127,750	215	115	100	35	15	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	30	10	109,555	99,115	10,440	110	95	10	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	10	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	15	10	42,380	28,195	14,185	80	50	35	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	450	260	190	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	805	430	380	135	60	75
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	75	50	25	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	440	250	190	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	735	380	355	130	60	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	25	20	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	30	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	105	60	40	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	15	10	10	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	25	15	10	111,555	56,180	55,375	65	30	30	20	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	10	56,160	43,355	12,805	75	60	10	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	25	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	10	10	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	30	25	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	15	0	0	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	30	15	15	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	25	20	130,405	75,750	54,655	30	10	20	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	20	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	70	50	15	20	15	0
61 Educational services	35	0	25	95,290	34,510	60,780	65	40	25	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	80	35	40	142,545	36,095	106,450	130	25	110	25	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	25	59,510	32,125	27,380	45	15	35	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	0	30	43,990	17,935	26,050	35	10	25	10	0	0
91 Public administration	10	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	20	0	10	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	465	265	200	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	760	390	370	135	60	75
English	20	0	10	201,310	110,165	91,150	120	65	55	0	0	0
French	220	130	90	416,430	206,170	210,265	340	165	175	75	30	40
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	15	15	0	0	0	0
English and French	220	130	85	473,485	249,700	223,785	215	115	105	40	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	20	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	465	265	200	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	760	390	370	135	60	75
Single responses	420	245	175	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	675	350	320	125	60	65
Official languages	415	245	170	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	650	325	320	125	60	65
English	50	35	20	361,715	194,885	166,835	195	105	90	30	15	15
French	365	210	155	645,885	327,180	318,705	450	225	225	100	45	50
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	25	20	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	25	20	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	60	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	126,180	65,940	60,240	90	40	45	0	0	0
English and French	40	20	20	116,535	60,925	55,605	75	35	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	465	265	200	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	760	390	370	135	60	75
None	280	155	125	743,180	381,875	361,305	555	285	270	85	35	50
English	145	80	65	219,885	116,455	103,430	95	55	40	20	10	10
French	35	25	10	149,470	78,495	70,975	60	30	30	20	10	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	35	20	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	390	230	160	971,245	502,885	468,360	660	360	300	135	60	75
Worked at home	85	55	30	298,820	151,335	147,485	75	30	45	25	20	10
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	40	30	15	89,120	62,795	26,325	100	70	30	15	10	0
Usual place of work	265	145	115	580,035	286,695	293,340	480	255	225	90	30	55
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	265	145	120	580,035	286,695	293,340	480	255	225	90	30	55
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	230	135	100	427,475	202,010	225,465	330	160	175	75	20	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	70	50	20	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	0	15	58,865	35,690	23,175	75	40	35	15	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	305	170	130	669,150	349,485	319,665	585	325	255	105	40	65
Car, truck or van	135	80	60	395,615	229,315	166,300	290	190	95	80	40	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	130	80	55	365,770	218,475	147,295	270	185	80	70	40	35
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	15	0	15	0	0	0
Public transit	130	75	55	177,860	74,605	103,260	220	95	125	20	0	20
Walked	15	0	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bicycle	20	15	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	20	10	10	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	305	170	130	669,150	349,485	319,665	585	325	255	105	40	65
Less than 15 minutes	25	10	15	125,240	61,185	64,055	85	35	45	20	0	10
15 to 29 minutes	120	90	35	241,005	129,590	111,420	165	105	65	40	25	15
30 to 44 minutes	115	40	70	176,925	96,710	80,215	135	75	60	30	10	20
45 to 59 minutes	25	15	15	67,635	33,110	34,530	110	70	40	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	20	10	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	90	45	45	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	305	170	130	669,150	349,485	319,665	585	325	255	105	40	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	20	20	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	55	30	30	95,270	56,280	38,990	100	65	40	15	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	30	30	166,695	79,410	87,280	115	60	55	15	0	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	35	25	149,185	68,865	80,320	70	30	40	15	0	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	20	35	106,855	50,615	56,240	75	45	30	25	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	60	40	15	112,350	65,830	46,520	195	110	85	40	20	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	45	60	371,310	189,920	181,390	360	175	185	65	35	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	10	109,065	56,315	52,750	50	20	30	20	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	50	262,245	133,605	128,640	310	155	155	45	30	20
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	25	40	264,905	135,505	129,395	225	105	125	45	20	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	82,880	42,755	40,130	35	20	20	15	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	67,535	34,945	32,590	30	15	15	10	10	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	5	5	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	40	182,020	92,755	89,270	195	85	105	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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