Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661476More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662058More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661285More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	313	...	...	1,072	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	548	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	183	...	...	551	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	534	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	165	...	...	533	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	392	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,992.3	...	...	4,240.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	30,109.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.25	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	310	160	150	1,075	520	550	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	545	305	245
0 to 14 years	45	20	20	165	70	95	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	20	5	10
0 to 4 years	25	5	15	60	30	35	422,980	217,145	205,840	10	5	5
5 to 9 years	20	10	10	65	25	35	478,955	245,295	233,665	0	0	0
10 to 14 years	5	5	5	40	15	25	489,425	250,855	238,570	5	0	0
15 to 64 years	225	115	105	805	405	405	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	495	270	225
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	35	20	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	35	15	15
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	55	25	30	460,660	235,250	225,405	175	90	90
25 to 29 years	40	25	20	105	40	65	527,150	266,455	260,700	140	80	60
30 to 34 years	45	25	20	110	60	50	536,040	267,770	268,270	75	50	20
35 to 39 years	25	15	10	130	70	65	550,425	274,350	276,075	25	10	15
40 to 44 years	15	10	5	105	55	50	572,565	286,405	286,160	10	0	5
45 to 49 years	15	10	10	80	40	45	516,465	259,565	256,905	10	5	5
50 to 54 years	15	15	5	60	35	30	522,935	262,610	260,325	10	5	5
55 to 59 years	15	5	5	60	30	25	615,690	307,230	308,465	10	5	0
60 to 64 years	20	10	5	55	20	30	625,610	307,710	317,900	10	10	5
65 years and over	45	20	20	100	45	50	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	35	25	10
65 to 69 years	25	10	10	40	20	20	541,970	264,020	277,950	10	5	5
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	30	10	15	455,900	217,985	237,910	10	10	0
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	10	5	5	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	15	5	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	12.5	13.3	15.3	13.5	17.3	16.4	17.0	15.8	3.7	1.6	4.1
15 to 64 years	72.6	71.9	70.0	74.9	77.9	73.6	63.0	63.9	62.1	90.8	88.5	91.8
65 years and over	14.5	12.5	13.3	9.3	8.7	9.1	20.6	19.1	22.1	6.4	8.2	4.1
85 years and over	1.6	0.0	3.3	0.5	0.0	0.9	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.8	1.6	2.0
Average age of the population	38.0	37.8	38.4	37.6	38.1	37.1	42.8	41.8	43.7	31.3	32.4	29.7
Median age of the population	34.0	34.8	33.6	37.2	38.0	36.4	43.2	42.0	44.0	26.2	26.8	25.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	165	...	...	530	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	390	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	105	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...	45	...	...	271,245	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95	...	...	380	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	225	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	165	...	...	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	395	...	...
1 person	80	...	...	205	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	280	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	190	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	75	...	...	480,135	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	45	...	...	427,605	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	15	...	...	228,060	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	310	160	150	1,075	520	550	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	535	300	235
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	270	140	130	905	450	455	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	530	295	235
Married or living common-law	110	50	55	505	265	240	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	150	80	70
Married	50	25	30	160	85	80	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	80	40	40
Living common-law	60	25	25	345	180	160	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	70	35	35
Living common law - Never married	50	25	25	320	165	150	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	65	30	35
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	5	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	20	10	10	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	160	85	75	400	185	210	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	380	220	160
Not married and not living common law - Never married	120	70	50	315	165	150	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	365	210	155
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	5	5	15	10	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	10	5	40	10	30	494,210	197,455	296,755	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	15	30	5	20	380,100	89,515	290,580	0	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	65	...	...	300	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	175	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	70	...	...	454,980	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	45	...	...	412,850	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	15	...	...	187,600	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	300	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	75	...	...
Total couple families	50	...	...	250	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	70	...	...
Married couples	25	...	...	75	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	45	...	...	502,020	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	35	...	...	609,605	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	170	...	...	828,005	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	60	...	...	401,885	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	105	...	...	426,120	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	10	...	...	50	...	...	383,775	...	...	5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	40	...	...	284,025	...	...	0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	310	160	150	1,070	520	550	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	535	300	235
Total - Persons in census families	185	85	100	795	385	405	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	170	95	80
Married spouses or common-law partners	100	55	55	495	260	240	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	135	70	70
Parents in one-parent families	15	0	10	50	10	35	383,780	99,755	284,020	5	5	5
Children⁶	70	35	40	245	115	130	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	30	20	10
In a two-parent family	45	20	20	165	80	90	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	20	15	10
In a one-parent family	20	10	10	80	30	45	585,820	317,400	268,415	5	5	0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	125	75	55	275	140	140	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	365	205	160
Living alone	80	45	35	205	105	105	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	280	170	110
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	10	20	10	15	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	30	20	10	50	25	25	268,810	158,325	110,485	70	30	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	165	...	...	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	390	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	60	...	...	285	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	75	...	...
Couple-family households	45	...	...	240	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	105	...	...	851,835	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	135	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	45	...	...	331,395	...	...	5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...	66,750	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	30	...	...	139,280	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	80	...	...	205	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	280	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	270	135	125	900	450	450	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	515	290	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	260	135	125	885	435	445	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	475	270	205
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	31,000	35,600	51,200	54,400	47,200	40,800	44,800	37,200	26,800	31,600	25,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	260	135	125	885	435	445	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	475	270	205
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	28,600	31,600	44,000	45,600	40,800	36,400	39,200	33,600	26,200	27,800	24,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	115	115	830	410	420	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	445	255	185
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	28,200	22,800	46,400	52,400	41,200	33,600	39,600	28,000	23,600	25,800	17,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	200	105	95	755	380	375	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	360	205	155
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,200	26,200	21,000	48,800	54,000	44,000	36,000	40,400	31,600	17,200	23,800	11,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	110	120	635	285	355	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	380	210	175
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	11,000	12,700	8,700	7,000	9,200	11,500	10,200	12,300	4,160	4,000	4,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35	15	20	100	45	60	837,635	441,080	396,550	30	15	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	x	5,880	6,400	6,280	6,500	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,880	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	105	55	50	240	115	125	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	170	90	85
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	10,000	8,800	7,000	7,000	7,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	280	140	140	890	460	430	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	480	255	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	280	140	140	875	445	430	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	430	240	190
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	40,000	40,000	61,300	66,000	56,600	51,160	57,550	44,960	41,200	40,000	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	280	140	140	875	445	430	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	430	240	190
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	32,500	35,000	49,000	51,600	46,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	34,200	34,000	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	240	115	125	815	420	405	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	420	230	190
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	35,000	31,600	57,700	64,400	50,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	36,400	35,200	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	210	95	115	725	380	345	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	340	185	155
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	30,000	30,800	59,100	63,200	54,600	46,240	51,950	40,040	34,200	38,800	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	135	130	620	270	350	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	345	180	165
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	11,600	12,200	10,280	9,000	11,240	12,410	11,500	13,220	7,280	7,100	7,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45	10	35	80	35	55	837,180	441,665	395,515	35	0	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	10,000	5,200	9,400	10,000	8,800	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,600	...	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	60	70	225	90	140	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	145	70	80
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	11,600	8,800	7,900	8,600	7,400	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,600	9,200	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	275	140	140	890	460	435	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	485	260	220
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	60	15	45	390	215	175	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	105	60	45
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,000	x	53,200	71,500	72,500	69,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	61,600	57,200	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,000	60,000	52,000	85,200	89,000	80,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	66,000	68,000	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	125	60	60	285	125	155	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	135	70	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	16,800	16,800	15,100	13,200	18,800	18,600	21,400	16,600	23,800	30,600	11,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	28,000	18,500	31,000	32,000	30,400	28,160	32,120	24,360	24,800	32,000	18,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.0	72.0	72.0	88.0	92.0	84.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	86.0	86.0	86.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.0	52.0	62.0	80.0	82.0	77.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	65.5	74.0	56.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.0	28.0	28.0	11.9	8.4	16.2	20.1	15.8	25.6	14.1	13.6	14.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	3.0	2.8	1.4	1.2	1.8	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.0	x	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	12.2	12.4	12.0	3.8	2.9	4.8	5.4	4.8	6.1	7.7	7.6	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	11.2	12.0	11.0	3.4	2.6	4.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	7.2	6.8	7.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	265	140	130	905	450	455	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	520	290	230
Without total income	5	5	0	15	10	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	40	20	25
With total income	255	130	130	885	440	450	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	480	270	205
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	5	10	60	25	35	462,400	204,245	258,155	90	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	35	25	15	85	35	50	809,375	334,315	475,065	70	30	40
$20,000 to $29,999	60	30	25	95	35	55	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	95	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	95	45	50	896,520	414,070	482,445	65	40	25
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	95	50	50	849,005	411,680	437,325	40	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	95	55	45	687,020	345,720	341,305	40	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	75	35	40	503,110	271,695	231,415	25	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	70	35	35	367,455	208,475	158,980	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	55	20	40	284,690	158,760	125,930	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	40	25	10	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	15	10	10	125	75	45	556,780	365,700	191,080	20	15	10
$100,000 to $149,999	15	5	10	95	55	35	385,890	245,635	140,260	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	30	25	5	170,890	120,065	50,820	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	265	140	130	905	450	455	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	520	290	230
Without after-tax income	5	5	0	15	10	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	40	20	25
With after-tax income	255	130	130	885	440	450	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	480	270	205
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	5	10	65	30	35	495,035	214,000	281,030	95	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	15	85	35	50	853,250	356,480	496,765	75	35	40
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	35	115	50	70	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	115	65	50
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	35	125	65	65	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	60	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	20	130	70	65	994,235	505,970	488,265	45	35	10
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	5	115	60	55	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	80	30	50	459,665	251,490	208,170	15	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	50	30	15	292,135	160,985	131,150	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	50	30	25	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	20	15	10	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	40	30	10	229,765	156,750	73,020	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	25	15	10	119,125	78,615	40,515	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	15	15	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	265	140	130	905	450	455	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	520	290	230
Without employment income	70	30	35	150	75	80	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	160	85	70
With employment income	200	105	95	750	375	370	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	360	205	155
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	20	15	70	35	40	644,075	331,770	312,300	85	40	45
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	5	50	20	30	401,185	180,585	220,595	45	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	25	75	30	50	603,350	273,725	329,620	55	30	20
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	5	65	30	35	495,105	228,670	266,435	30	15	10
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	5	50	30	20	488,000	239,620	248,380	30	25	5
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	80	35	40	485,845	242,230	243,610	35	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	10	10	0	65	35	25	403,980	217,425	186,560	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	70	30	40	320,700	184,770	135,935	20	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	50	25	25	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	40	15	20	218,100	120,085	98,020	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	30	25	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	110	70	45	422,055	285,910	136,145	20	15	5
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	65	40	25	205,085	133,500	71,585	10	5	5
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	50	30	15	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	270	135	125	900	450	450	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	515	290	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	255	135	125	865	425	440	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	425	240	185
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,800	23,800	25,800	49,600	54,400	45,600	38,400	43,200	34,000	18,200	22,400	11,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	255	135	125	865	425	440	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	425	240	185
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800	22,400	24,600	42,400	45,200	39,600	34,000	37,600	30,600	18,200	22,200	11,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	220	115	110	810	405	410	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	390	220	170
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,000	25,200	22,800	47,600	52,800	41,200	34,800	40,400	29,200	18,600	22,600	13,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	195	100	95	730	370	360	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	295	165	130
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,800	26,200	22,400	49,600	54,000	43,200	36,400	41,200	31,800	16,400	20,400	11,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	210	110	105	575	250	325	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	320	175	145
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,100	2,720	4,320	3,480	2,520	4,720	7,800	5,640	9,100	1,230	1,230	1,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	95	45	45	727,165	390,255	336,910	0	0	0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	4,880	4,440	5,520	5,000	4,760	5,280	...	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	280	140	140	890	460	430	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	480	255	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	280	140	140	840	420	415	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	405	210	200
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	32,500	34,000	57,300	62,600	52,000	48,600	55,500	41,880	35,600	32,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	280	140	140	840	420	415	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	405	210	200
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	27,200	29,600	46,200	49,200	43,200	39,600	44,000	35,320	12,680	28,400	- 3,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	245	115	130	785	400	385	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	385	200	180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	33,000	30,400	56,200	62,800	49,400	45,920	53,800	37,920	35,400	31,000	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	215	100	115	700	355	345	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	300	160	145
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	30,400	30,800	57,200	63,600	50,400	46,240	52,450	39,520	28,800	30,400	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	235	120	115	560	230	330	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	300	150	145
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	5,500	6,800	6,840	5,840	7,560	9,450	8,430	10,320	3,280	3,350	3,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	20	65	20	40	727,815	390,880	336,935	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	...	7,000	7,600	9,000	7,200	7,020	5,975	8,230	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	275	140	140	890	460	435	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	485	260	220
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	60	15	45	390	215	175	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	100	55	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,800	x	46,000	67,500	77,000	66,500	54,800	60,000	49,200	41,200	34,800	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	48,000	60,000	46,000	76,800	81,000	72,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	46,000	46,000	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	125	60	65	240	100	140	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	115	60	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	19,400	21,000	19,400	18,800	21,800	23,600	27,200	21,000	20,200	30,200	16,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	26,000	20,000	35,200	38,500	33,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	27,600	30,000	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	84.0	84.0	92.0	95.0	88.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	93.0	92.0	94.0
Employment income (%)	71.0	66.0	76.0	83.6	86.0	80.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	59.0	70.0	50.0
Government transfers (%)	15.6	14.4	16.5	8.0	5.0	11.5	14.9	10.8	20.2	6.7	7.6	6.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	x	2.5	1.0	0.6	1.4	1.6	1.3	2.0	x	...	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	165	...	...	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	31,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	72,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	28,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	80	...	...	205	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...	52,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	26,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,200	...	...	43,600	...	...	34,400	...	...	25,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	85	...	...	325	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	47,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	83,200	...	...	75,200	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	190	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	70,500	...	...	47,680	...	...	34,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	54,400	...	...	39,640	...	...	29,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	320	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	100,800	...	...	94,500	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	165	...	...	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	395	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	10	...	...	35,920	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	82,470	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	218,185	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	144,420	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	40	...	...	310,880	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	40	...	...	280,505	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	235,235	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	225	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	70	...	...	414,805	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	55	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	60	...	...	307,835	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	35	...	...	239,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	165	...	...	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	395	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	10	...	...	40,590	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	87,695	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	177,135	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	180,150	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	213,760	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	193,530	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	356,325	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	322,530	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	40	...	...	289,580	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	50	...	...	254,885	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	15	...	...	150	...	...	892,775	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	70	...	...	387,835	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	40	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	40	...	...	279,105	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	70	...	...	305	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	140	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	94,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	110	...	...	907,765	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	135,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	50	...	...	368,845	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	71,500	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	68,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	110	70	40	260	130	125	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	350	200	150
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	25,800	37,200	47,200	49,600	45,200	36,800	39,200	34,800	25,800	27,600	18,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,000	25,000	33,600	40,000	42,800	37,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	24,800	26,400	18,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	90	...	...	280	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	125	...	...	992,110	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	85	...	...	909,160	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	158,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	65	...	...	367,155	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	100	65	40	285	160	130	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	330	180	150
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,000	26,000	44,000	61,200	63,000	59,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	31,400	34,800	27,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,200	24,000	38,000	48,400	49,000	48,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	26,800	29,400	24,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	310	160	155	1,075	520	550	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	535	300	235
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	190	85	105	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	70	30	40	515,725	264,785	250,935	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	220	110	105	780	390	395	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	485	265	215
65 years and over	45	20	25	100	45	50	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	35	25	15
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	45	30	110	50	60	992,235	463,295	528,940	230	120	115
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	10	5	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	0	5	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	45	30	20	75	35	45	515,470	256,435	259,035	220	115	105
65 years and over	20	10	10	20	15	10	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	25.0	29.0	20.0	10.0	9.6	10.4	11.9	11.2	12.7	43.6	40.0	48.0
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	25.0	x	7.0	8.0	6.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	22.0	26.0	18.0	9.6	8.0	10.8	10.2	10.1	10.2	46.4	43.0	50.0
65 years and over (%)	40.0	50.0	30.0	20.0	24.0	16.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	25.0	20.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	310	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	535	300	235
0 to 17 years	50	25	25	195	85	105	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	15	10	10
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	75	30	40	511,400	262,535	248,860	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	215	115	105	780	390	390	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	480	265	220
65 years and over	45	20	25	100	45	55	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	35	25	10
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	25	15	65	35	35	439,850	223,055	216,795	185	95	95
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5	5	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	30	20	15	50	25	25	313,970	167,015	146,955	180	95	90
65 years and over	5	5	5	10	5	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.2	17.0	9.0	6.2	6.4	6.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	34.4	30.8	38.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.0	20.0	10.0	6.6	6.8	6.8	6.2	6.6	5.8	37.2	34.0	41.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	20.0	x	8.0	8.0	8.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	310	160	150	1,075	520	550	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	535	300	235
In bottom half of the distribution	245	130	115	525	250	280	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	430	240	190
In bottom decile	60	40	20	90	45	50	851,840	407,705	444,140	215	110	105
In second decile	60	35	30	105	45	65	920,490	434,730	485,760	100	55	40
In third decile	35	15	20	85	40	50	969,255	471,650	497,600	55	35	20
In fourth decile	50	25	20	115	60	60	978,345	482,760	495,590	30	20	10
In fifth decile	45	20	25	125	60	65	947,090	473,285	473,810	35	20	15
In top half of the distribution	65	30	35	545	275	270	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	110	65	45
In sixth decile	15	5	10	110	55	50	899,660	454,970	444,690	40	20	15
In seventh decile	10	5	10	110	55	55	837,225	425,400	411,830	25	15	5
In eighth decile	15	10	10	115	55	65	752,410	383,450	368,955	15	10	10
In ninth decile	0	0	0	135	70	65	634,425	325,700	308,730	10	5	5
In top decile	15	10	10	85	50	40	517,725	267,160	250,565	20	10	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	310	...	...	1,070	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	535	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.328	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.500	...	...	0.389	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.538	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.286	...	...	0.263	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.416	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.5	...	...	3.4	...	...	13.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	315	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
English only	15	10	5	30	10	20	445,575	228,840	216,735	240	140	105
French only	95	45	50	335	150	185	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	30	20	10
English and French	190	100	90	690	355	340	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	270	145	125
Neither English nor French	10	0	10	15	5	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	315	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
English	35	20	15	90	45	40	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	340	190	150
French	240	130	115	930	455	475	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	170	100	70
English and French	25	10	10	40	15	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	35	20	15
Neither English nor French	10	0	10	10	5	5	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	315	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
Single responses	295	155	140	1,040	500	535	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	505	280	225
Official languages	210	110	105	890	435	455	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	285	160	125
English	20	5	15	55	25	30	639,365	323,170	316,195	130	70	60
French	195	100	90	835	410	425	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	150	90	65
Non-official languages	85	45	40	150	65	85	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	225	125	105
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	45	40	150	65	85	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	225	125	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	35	15	15	233,220	122,895	110,320	20	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	30	15	20	204,600	107,735	96,865	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	5	5	0
Arabic	5	0	0	30	15	20	198,785	104,765	94,020	20	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	5	0	5	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	5	0	5	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	65	35	30	595,790	290,670	305,115	100	55	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	5	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	55	35	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	35	20	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	40	25	15	346,000	167,870	178,130	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	5	0	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	0	0
Spanish	10	10	5	30	20	15	177,155	86,490	90,660	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	10	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	33,495	16,630	16,865	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	25	10	15	87,540	40,170	47,375	70	30	40
Chinese languages	15	5	10	25	10	15	87,155	39,990	47,160	70	30	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	5	57,445	26,210	31,235	60	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	15	5	10	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	35	20	10	308,550	155,455	153,095	40	25	15
English and French	5	0	5	15	10	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	25	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	94,205	46,880	47,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	315	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
English	20	10	10	40	20	20	623,305	313,780	309,520	155	85	70
French	185	90	90	785	380	400	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	95	55	35
Non-official language	30	15	20	40	20	20	366,730	177,410	189,315	70	40	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	40	20	20	343,650	165,830	177,825	70	40	30
English and French	25	15	10	110	60	50	497,380	256,735	240,645	70	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	5	5	205,755	102,290	103,470	110	70	45
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	55	25	35	375,795	179,585	196,210	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	30	10	15	284,940	141,275	143,665	35	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	315	160	150	1,070	525	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
Single responses	290	150	145	1,015	495	520	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	495	275	220
Official languages	245	125	115	955	465	485	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	390	225	170
English	30	15	10	70	40	30	874,185	438,570	435,615	250	140	110
French	215	110	105	880	425	455	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	140	85	60
Non-official languages	45	20	25	65	30	35	662,615	322,860	339,750	110	50	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	20	25	65	30	35	628,365	305,820	322,555	110	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	10	5	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	30	15	15	336,635	164,100	172,535	50	20	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	15	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	10	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	10	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	10	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	20	10	10	182,585	88,060	94,525	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	10	112,915	55,870	57,050	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	10	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	20	5	15	67,120	31,725	35,390	35	15	20
Chinese languages	10	0	5	20	5	15	66,880	31,610	35,275	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5	46,925	22,275	24,650	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	10	5	10	16,860	7,870	8,985	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	15	5	55	30	30	357,245	176,070	181,175	50	30	25
English and French	5	5	5	30	15	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	25	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	5	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	30	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	15	5	15	116,595	56,445	60,150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	315	160	150	1,075	520	550	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	550	305	240
None	250	125	120	910	445	465	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	355	200	155
English	20	10	5	65	25	35	353,690	183,470	170,225	60	25	30
French	10	10	5	35	25	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	30	15	10
Non-official language	20	10	10	40	20	25	269,715	129,830	139,890	65	40	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	40	20	25	264,405	127,330	137,070	65	40	25
English and French	5	0	5	5	0	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	10	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	320	170	155	1,050	505	545	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	235
Official languages	305	160	150	1,025	505	525	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	505	275	230
English	190	100	90	725	385	345	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	505	275	230
French	300	155	145	995	485	505	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	250	120	130
Non-official languages	125	70	60	240	100	135	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	350	190	160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	70	60	240	100	135	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	350	190	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	385,210	201,105	184,100	20	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	363,875	190,005	173,870	20	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	45	35	10	343,675	179,750	163,930	15	0	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	20	0	10	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	20	0	10	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	10	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	0	10	10	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	15	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	15	15	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	25	15	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	110	50	60	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	180	85	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	95,385	45,060	50,330	25	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	94,580	44,695	49,885	25	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10	55,485	26,345	29,135	10	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	80	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	55	30	25
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	40	20	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	15	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	25	10	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	25	10	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	25	0	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	30	20	95	45	50	684,830	324,095	360,735	75	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15	15	15	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	85	40	50	453,905	210,400	243,505	65	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	75,835	37,990	37,845	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	65	15	55	107,415	49,840	57,575	90	55	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	65	15	55	106,915	49,630	57,285	90	55	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	30	80,520	37,100	43,420	85	50	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	50	0	45	34,030	15,430	18,600	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	325	175	150	1,045	510	545	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	280	230
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	10	10	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	325	175	150	1,035	495	540	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	505	270	230
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	325	175	150	1,045	510	545	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	280	230
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	325	175	150	1,045	500	545	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	510	280	230
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Owner	30	...	...	300	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	30	...	...
Renter	150	...	...	215	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	345	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	245	...	...	515,590	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	175	...	...	270	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	85	...	...
1 bedroom	55	...	...	110	...	...	623,295	...	...	225	...	...
2 bedrooms	75	...	...	235	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	140	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	10	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	30	...	...	730,330	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	110	...	...	265	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	345	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	135	...	...	645,635	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	40	...	...	435,225	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	40	...	...	403,225	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	40	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.3	...	...	4.9	...	...	5.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
One person or fewer per room	175	...	...	515	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	355	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Suitable	165	...	...	505	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	345	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	10	...	...	142,775	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
1960 or before	90	...	...	190	...	...	879,375	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	70	...	...	30	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	105	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	0	...	...	509,120	...	...	85	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	35	...	...	385,315	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	30	...	...	198,595	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	60	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	65	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	105	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	140	...	...	495	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	330	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	20	...	...	236,110	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	280	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	315	...	...
Two-maintainer household	70	...	...	220	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	50	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	15	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	25	...	...	117,525	...	...	140	...	...
25 to 34 years	55	...	...	125	...	...	525,540	...	...	150	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	125	...	...	647,165	...	...	30	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	90	...	...	628,630	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	80	...	...	760,395	...	...	10	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	55	...	...	629,965	...	...	0	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	15	...	...	336,170	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	340	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	125	...	...	440	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	185	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	55	...	...	80	...	...	595,690	...	...	160	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	65	...	...	542,060	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	180	...	...	515	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	105	...	...	901,440	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	25	...	...	80	...	...	537,090	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	25	...	...	179,840	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	105	...	...	410	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	180	...	...	500	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	285	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	15	...	...	218,275	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	145	...	...	485	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	300	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	25	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	0.0	...	...	83.3	...	...	62.2	...	...	80.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	8.3	...	...	10.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,470	...	...	1,070	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,520	...	...	1,195	...	...	2,200	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...	448,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	900,000	...	...	496,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	680,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	150	...	...	215	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	345	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.3	...	...	25.6	...	...	25.2	...	...	47.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.9	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	990	...	...	810	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	1,090	...	...	886	...	...	1,068	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	325	170	155	1,050	505	540	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	280	230
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	10	0	55	25	25	203,425	96,595	106,830	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	10	0	55	25	25	200,985	95,520	105,460	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	50	25	25	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	0	10	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	315	160	155	985	475	515	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	500	275	225
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	325	170	155	1,050	505	540	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	275	230
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	240	120	115	935	440	500	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	235	120	110
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25	15	10	175	65	110	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	20	15	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	220	105	115	760	370	390	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	210	110	105
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	50	35	110	70	45	518,265	264,490	253,775	275	150	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	325	170	155	1,050	505	540	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	275	230
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	175	85	90	850	405	440	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	165	90	70
Immigrants⁸¹	110	65	45	150	65	90	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	130	70	65
Before 1980	10	0	0	0	0	0	187,200	91,895	95,300	10	0	0
1980 to 1990	25	15	10	25	0	20	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	10	10	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	25	10	15
2001 to 2010	15	0	0	55	25	30	312,210	150,825	161,390	15	0	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	55	35	20	55	25	35	396,090	192,745	203,340	75	50	30
2011 to 2015	10	0	10	20	10	15	193,345	93,485	99,855	35	25	10
2016 to 2021	45	35	15	35	20	20	202,740	99,260	103,480	45	20	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	20	20	50	35	10	205,770	113,500	92,275	210	115	100
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	110	60	45	150	60	85	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	130	70	65
Under 5 years	15	10	0	15	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	25	10	15	15	10	10	201,385	101,555	99,835	20	10	0
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,035	96,175	116,860	20	15	0
25 to 44 years	65	40	20	100	35	60	594,845	292,975	301,875	80	40	40
45 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	110	60	45	150	60	85	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	130	70	65
Americas	25	15	0	25	10	15	264,885	121,740	143,145	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	0	15	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	55	25	30	40	15	25	309,015	154,110	154,910	30	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	35	20	15	25	10	15	93,160	49,870	43,290	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	50	25	30	302,010	153,655	148,355	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30	20	15	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	0	15	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	25	20	10	35	10	25	332,925	158,445	174,475	80	45	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	30	20	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	20	0	10	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	30	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	35	0	35	15	15	202,740	99,265	103,480	40	25	20
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	35	20	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	10	0	0
France	35	20	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	35	15	15	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	10	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	35	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	30	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	325	175	155	1,050	505	545	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	235
First generation¹⁰⁰	145	85	65	205	100	105	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	350	185	165
Second generation¹⁰¹	55	20	35	140	55	85	883,485	446,000	437,490	50	35	20
Third generation or more¹⁰²	125	65	55	710	350	360	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	105	60	45
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	100	60	40	145	65	80	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	120	65	60
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	65	40	30	75	35	40	559,935	290,040	269,895	115	65	50
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	30	15	45	20	25	267,870	161,125	106,740	70	55	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	10	15	30	15	15	292,070	128,915	163,155	40	10	35
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	20	10	50	20	25	272,255	109,735	162,515	10	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	100	60	40	145	65	80	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	120	65	60
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	20	0	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	10	10	20	15	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	20	15	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	10	10	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	20	10	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	10	0	10	48,805	27,680	21,130	30	20	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	55	30	25	90	35	55	756,120	358,700	397,420	65	25	40
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	325	175	155	1,050	505	545	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	280	230
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	90	60	30	220	95	125	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	295	170	125
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	85	50	35
Chinese	0	0	0	50	10	40	115,240	51,375	63,865	95	65	35
Black	35	25	10	65	25	40	422,405	206,335	216,070	15	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	40	30	10	280,075	146,990	133,085	10	0	10
Latin American	10	10	0	25	10	10	172,925	85,035	87,880	30	15	15
Southeast Asian	30	15	10	10	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	20	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	25	10	15	34,960	17,080	17,875	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	235	115	125	830	410	420	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	215	110	105
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	325	170	155	1,050	505	545	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	235
Canadian	70	45	25	245	105	140	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	15	10	0
English	10	0	10	20	10	15	177,710	88,910	88,800	25	20	0
Irish	0	0	0	80	35	45	404,190	193,440	210,745	35	20	15
Scottish	20	10	10	30	15	20	192,685	93,120	99,565	10	15	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	120	60	50	300	145	160	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	65	30	40
German	10	0	0	15	10	10	124,305	60,295	64,010	40	20	20
Chinese	0	0	0	60	15	45	123,985	55,730	68,255	95	55	40
Italian	35	15	15	30	10	15	316,315	157,600	158,720	25	10	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	65	40	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	10	63,505	31,010	32,495	10	10	0
Québécois	10	0	10	105	45	55	931,940	465,630	466,305	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	10	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	80	55	20	588,805	290,630	298,180	10	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	40	20	20	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	30	25	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	15	15	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	15	10	10	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	25	0	15	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	10	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	10	10	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	20	0	20
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	20	10	15	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	20	10	10	10	10	10	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	10	0	10	22,980	11,870	11,110	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	15	10	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	10	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	10	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	25	20	10	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	10	15	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	25	0	10	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	15	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	15	10	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	325	170	150	1,045	510	545	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	505	280	230
Buddhist	0	0	0	20	10	10	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	135	55	80	540	270	275	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	135	70	65
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	15	0	15	90	50	45	464,020	229,155	234,860	25	20	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	80	40	40	410	200	205	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	70	35	40
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	20	0	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	0	20	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	60	40	25
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	15	15	0	45	35	10	421,710	218,255	203,455	45	20	25
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	160	100	65	440	190	245	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	250	135	115
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	315	165	150	1,045	505	540	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	500	270	225
Non-movers	255	120	135	845	400	445	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	345	180	165
Movers	65	50	15	200	105	95	945,290	466,750	478,540	160	90	70
Non-migrants	60	45	15	150	80	70	543,670	268,740	274,925	70	45	25
Migrants	0	0	0	50	25	25	401,625	198,010	203,615	90	45	40
Internal migrants	0	0	0	25	10	15	349,095	170,740	178,355	40	15	25
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	25	10	15	321,005	156,550	164,455	15	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	30	10	20
External migrants	0	0	0	25	15	10	52,530	27,270	25,265	50	35	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	300	155	145	1,015	505	510	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	495	265	230
Non-movers	115	65	50	570	255	320	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	95	50	50
Movers	190	95	95	445	245	195	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	405	220	180
Non-migrants	105	35	70	260	135	120	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	90	50	40
Migrants	85	55	30	185	110	75	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	315	170	145
Internal migrants	25	20	0	105	50	55	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	90	45	40
Intraprovincial migrants	25	20	0	95	50	50	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	35	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	55	25	30
External migrants	60	40	25	80	60	20	320,090	166,115	153,975	225	125	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	275	140	140	890	460	435	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	485	255	220
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	30	10	95	35	60	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	240	105	130	795	425	375	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	475	250	220
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	210	95	110	685	360	325	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	260	150	110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	25	0	55	20	35	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	185	75	110	630	340	290	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	260	150	110
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	140	140	895	455	430	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	480	255	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	30	10	80	35	50	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	45	30	20	135	60	70	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	115	60	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	80	115	675	360	315	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	360	195	170
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	35	55	230	130	100	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	35	15	15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	10	15	85	50	35	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	15	75	40	35	793,030	427,220	365,815	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	25	35	115	60	55	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	30	15	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	30	15	10	252,815	102,150	150,665	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	105	45	60	445	235	215	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	330	170	155
Bachelor's degree	40	15	25	255	145	110	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	175	85	80
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	35	10	25	149,425	66,595	82,825	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	10	10	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	25	15	105	50	60	360,795	174,150	186,645	145	70	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	25	15	10	63,270	36,320	26,955	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	210	100	115	685	360	320	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	260	150	115
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	20	0	35	20	20	525,155	303,815	221,345	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	15	15	75	50	25	752,855	388,160	364,700	0	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	65	95	575	295	275	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	255	145	115
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	20	45	185	105	85	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	20	20	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	0	20	75	40	35	836,455	498,385	338,075	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	20	70	35	35	609,895	319,470	290,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35	15	20	85	50	40	838,140	372,455	465,685	15	15	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	15	10	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	95	40	55	390	195	195	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	235	120	110
Bachelor's degree	30	10	15	230	130	105	802,755	343,100	459,650	105	55	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	35	15	25	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	15	10	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	40	25	10	90	35	55	302,065	140,530	161,530	115	60	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	15	10	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	135	140	890	455	435	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	480	260	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	85	60	25	215	95	115	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	120	65	55
Education	15	0	15	70	40	35	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	70	40	35	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	75	45	35	166,900	75,420	91,480	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	25	25	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10	30	20	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	10	0
Humanities	20	10	15	45	10	35	228,770	90,810	137,960	45	25	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	15	35,440	8,360	27,080	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	20	10	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	20	20	85	50	40	430,845	142,280	288,570	45	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	20	15	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	15	10	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	35	20	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	100	55	45	950,820	357,290	593,535	50	25	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	20	95	55	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	45	25	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	45	25	25	158,655	83,605	75,050	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	30	15	10	57,680	23,925	33,755	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	10	45	35	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	40	35	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	20	10	100	75	20	866,885	778,835	88,060	100	70	25
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	10	0	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	25	25	10	181,290	147,120	34,170	85	70	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	15	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	20	15	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	85	25	65	515,215	101,455	413,760	20	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	75	15	55	470,150	78,875	391,275	20	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	10	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	20	0	10	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	15	0	10	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	210	95	110	685	360	325	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	260	145	110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	50	35	15	110	65	45	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	10	10	0
Education	10	0	10	65	30	30	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	10	0
13. Education	10	0	10	65	30	30	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	65	25	35	129,065	58,170	70,895	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	40	20	25	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	25	10	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10	40	10	30	144,140	56,410	87,730	20	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	15	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	15	10	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	20	10	70	40	30	334,475	103,635	230,840	35	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	20	15	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	15	15	0	30	20	15	101,105	49,385	51,720	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	35	10	20	90	40	45	741,390	268,705	472,685	35	15	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	20	85	40	40	697,775	259,725	438,045	35	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	25	20	10	102,055	53,195	48,865	20	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10	46,430	18,895	27,530	20	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	10	45	40	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	40	30	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	15	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	15	10	90	65	20	665,365	588,950	76,415	80	60	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	10	10	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	25	20	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	70	50	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	15	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	75	20	55	387,725	74,730	312,995	10	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	65	10	55	352,905	58,735	294,170	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	10	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	10	0	15	229,120	122,320	106,800	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	15	0	15	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	210	95	110	685	360	325	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	260	145	110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50	35	15	110	65	45	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	10	10	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	160	60	100	575	295	280	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	255	140	110
Location of study inside Canada	105	30	75	490	240	250	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	150	85	65
Same as province or territory of residence	105	30	75	455	215	240	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	125	60	60
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	35	25	10	116,855	57,870	58,990	25	25	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	55	35	25	85	55	30	414,490	209,160	205,330	105	60	45
Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15	81,780	40,955	40,820	20	15	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	15	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	15	35	25	15	138,260	74,045	64,210	20	10	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	35	20	10	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	60	35	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	15	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	30	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	280	140	140	895	455	430	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	480	255	225
In the labour force	195	85	110	660	345	315	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	320	190	130
Employed	170	70	95	630	325	305	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	265	155	110
Unemployed	25	10	15	30	20	10	335,015	176,245	158,775	55	35	25
Not in the labour force	85	55	30	235	115	115	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	165	70	90
Participation rate	69.6	60.7	78.6	73.7	75.8	73.3	64.1	67.4	60.9	66.7	74.5	57.8
Employment rate	60.7	50.0	67.9	70.4	71.4	70.9	59.3	62.3	56.3	55.2	60.8	48.9
Unemployment rate	12.8	11.8	13.6	4.5	5.8	3.2	7.6	7.7	7.4	17.2	18.4	19.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	280	135	140	895	455	435	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	480	260	225
Did not work¹⁸⁶	90	60	30	210	110	105	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	220	115	105
Worked	190	75	110	680	350	330	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	265	145	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	65	20	45	390	220	175	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	110	65	45
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	125	60	65	285	125	160	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	155	75	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.0	34.0	37.2	43.0	43.8	42.1	41.3	41.7	40.8	34.4	35.2	33.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	190	80	110	660	340	315	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	190	130
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	35	20	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	190	80	110	650	335	315	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	280	165	120
Employee	160	55	100	580	275	300	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	260	145	120
Permanent position	115	45	70	495	225	265	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	160	85	75
Temporary position	45	15	30	80	50	30	623,510	296,655	326,850	105	55	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	0	20	35	20	20	217,905	94,210	123,700	35	15	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	0	15	45	30	15	405,605	202,450	203,155	65	40	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	20	10	75	60	10	530,720	324,555	206,165	20	20	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	190	80	110	660	340	315	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	190	130
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	35	20	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	190	80	110	650	335	315	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	280	165	120
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	20	15	10	115	60	55	778,905	256,150	522,760	45	20	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	0	10	95	70	25	360,495	272,510	87,985	105	70	30
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	85	20	70	359,665	70,075	289,590	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	15	30	95	40	50	558,725	166,020	392,700	55	35	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	10	15	70	35	30	146,560	72,400	74,165	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	50	15	35	130	50	75	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	55	25	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15	15	0	55	50	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	190	80	110	660	340	315	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	190	130
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	35	20	10
All industries¹⁹¹	190	80	110	650	335	315	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	280	165	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	10	10	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	40	20	15	449,115	320,715	128,405	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	20	10	10	85	45	35	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	15	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	10	10	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	40	30	10	94,130	57,495	36,630	15	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	40	20	15	169,985	74,020	95,960	25	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	0	15	135	75	60	345,345	193,365	151,985	80	55	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	15	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	15	0
61 Educational services	10	0	10	60	30	35	340,885	104,300	236,590	55	35	20
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	30	110	30	80	617,200	122,675	494,525	20	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	10	25	15	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	15	30	15	20	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	50	25	25	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	205	90	115	710	370	340	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	345	185	160
English	0	0	0	45	20	25	350,525	195,385	155,145	185	115	75
French	115	50	60	340	160	180	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	55	25	30
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	10	0	0
English and French	75	30	45	305	170	140	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	75	35	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	20	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	15	15	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	205	90	115	710	370	340	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	345	185	160
Single responses	185	80	105	660	335	330	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	330	175	160
Official languages	185	80	105	650	320	330	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	330	170	155
English	20	0	10	130	60	70	668,485	365,785	302,695	230	130	100
French	165	75	95	520	260	260	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	95	40	55
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	40	30	15	269,365	142,370	126,995	15	10	0
English and French	15	0	10	40	30	15	249,945	132,640	117,300	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	205	90	115	710	370	340	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	345	185	160
None	135	65	75	425	210	215	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	255	145	115
English	40	15	25	185	110	80	720,960	391,075	329,885	45	20	25
French	20	0	10	85	40	45	302,145	161,340	140,805	30	10	20
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	170	75	95	630	325	310	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	265	160	110
Worked at home	45	15	30	225	125	95	897,770	435,285	462,480	160	95	70
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	30	20	15	15	10	10	442,035	333,730	108,305	10	10	0
Usual place of work	90	35	55	395	195	200	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	90	50	40
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	90	35	55	390	195	200	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	90	55	40
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	25	45	350	155	195	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	75	50	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	10	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	0	10	45	40	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	125	50	70	405	200	205	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	65	40
Car, truck or van	40	35	0	205	100	100	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	30	15	15
Car, truck or van - as a driver	40	35	0	195	95	95	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	30	15	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	10	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	65	15	50	165	80	85	287,345	120,460	166,885	40	30	10
Walked	10	0	10	20	0	20	178,645	78,570	100,075	20	15	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	20	10	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	125	50	70	405	200	205	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	65	40
Less than 15 minutes	15	10	0	40	10	30	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	20	15	0
15 to 29 minutes	25	10	25	190	90	100	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	30	15	15
30 to 44 minutes	50	25	25	135	65	75	635,870	363,430	272,445	30	20	10
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	15	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	20	0	15	25	25	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	125	50	70	405	200	205	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	65	40
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	25	25	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	10	70	30	40	569,745	368,480	201,265	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30	10	15	135	55	80	935,640	441,465	494,170	30	30	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	0	20	80	30	55	626,895	259,220	367,675	30	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	10	45	35	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	20	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	10	10	50	30	20	489,685	284,160	205,530	15	0	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	50	25	25	190	85	105	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	15	10	5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	15	10	10	303,835	156,030	147,805	0	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	30	20	175	75	100	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	15	5	5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	30	20	10	125	55	75	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	5	5	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	15	5	0	230,080	118,075	112,005	5	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	0	5	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	5	115	50	65	992,895	508,315	484,580	5	0	0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table