Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661465More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662883More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660110More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	340	...	...	485	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	647	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	210	...	...	181	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	272	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	190	...	...	178	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	261	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	12,230.2	...	...	6,170.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	21,423.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.08	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	340	180	160	485	235	250	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	645	310	340
0 to 14 years	30	20	10	80	45	40	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	130	65	60
0 to 4 years	10	5	5	25	15	5	422,980	217,145	205,840	40	20	15
5 to 9 years	10	10	0	25	10	20	478,955	245,295	233,665	45	25	25
10 to 14 years	15	5	5	35	20	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	45	25	15
15 to 64 years	270	135	135	295	140	150	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	435	210	225
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	35	20	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	40	15	25
20 to 24 years	25	10	10	20	15	5	460,660	235,250	225,405	45	20	30
25 to 29 years	60	30	30	25	15	10	527,150	266,455	260,700	50	20	25
30 to 34 years	50	20	35	20	5	15	536,040	267,770	268,270	55	25	30
35 to 39 years	30	15	10	30	20	10	550,425	274,350	276,075	55	20	30
40 to 44 years	25	15	15	30	10	25	572,565	286,405	286,160	50	20	30
45 to 49 years	20	15	10	35	20	15	516,465	259,565	256,905	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	10	5	5	30	15	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	35	20	20
55 to 59 years	20	10	5	35	15	25	615,690	307,230	308,465	40	20	25
60 to 64 years	10	0	5	35	15	15	625,610	307,710	317,900	35	15	15
65 years and over	35	25	15	105	50	60	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	85	35	50
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	30	15	15	541,970	264,020	277,950	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	5	5	5	45	20	25	455,900	217,985	237,910	15	5	10
75 to 79 years	0	0	0	10	0	5	330,840	153,790	177,050	25	10	15
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	20	10	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	5	10
85 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	0	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	10	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	10	10	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.8	11.1	6.3	16.5	19.1	16.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	20.2	21.0	17.6
15 to 64 years	79.4	75.0	84.4	60.8	59.6	60.0	63.0	63.9	62.1	67.4	67.7	66.2
65 years and over	10.3	13.9	9.4	21.6	21.3	24.0	20.6	19.1	22.1	13.2	11.3	14.7
85 years and over	1.5	0.0	3.1	1.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.6	3.2	1.5
Average age of the population	37.9	37.4	38.4	42.7	41.0	44.2	42.8	41.8	43.7	37.5	36.6	38.4
Median age of the population	34.0	34.8	33.6	44.4	40.0	47.2	43.2	42.0	44.0	35.2	34.8	35.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	190	...	...	180	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	65	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	40	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	125	...	...	75	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	190	...	...	175	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	30	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	60	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	40	...	...	480,135	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	427,605	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...	228,060	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	340	180	165	485	240	250	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	640	305	335
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	310	155	150	400	190	210	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	520	240	280
Married or living common-law	125	65	60	225	110	115	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	260	130	130
Married	45	25	20	195	100	100	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	185	95	95
Living common-law	85	40	40	25	10	10	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	75	40	35
Living common law - Never married	85	40	40	20	5	10	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	65	35	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	10	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	15	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	180	90	85	180	80	95	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	255	115	145
Not married and not living common law - Never married	150	80	70	125	65	55	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	195	95	100
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	5	5	5	0	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	0	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	30	10	20	494,210	197,455	296,755	35	10	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	20	0	15	380,100	89,515	290,580	20	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	75	...	...	145	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	175	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	60	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	45	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	25	...	...	412,850	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	15	...	...	187,600	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	140	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	175	...	...
Total couple families	65	...	...	110	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	20	...	...	95	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	60	...	...	502,020	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	35	...	...	609,605	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	15	...	...	828,005	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	10	...	...	426,120	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	10	...	...	35	...	...	383,775	...	...	45	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	30	...	...	284,025	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	0	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	340	180	165	485	240	250	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	640	305	335
Total - Persons in census families	200	105	95	430	215	215	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	520	250	265
Married spouses or common-law partners	125	65	65	220	110	110	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	255	130	125
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	5	35	5	30	383,780	99,755	284,020	50	10	40
Children⁶	60	40	25	180	105	80	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	215	115	105
In a two-parent family	45	30	20	120	70	55	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	135	70	70
In a one-parent family	10	5	5	55	35	25	585,820	317,400	268,415	80	45	35
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	140	70	65	55	20	35	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	125	55	70
Living alone	105	60	50	35	10	20	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	75	30	40
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	15	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	20	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	30	15	15	10	5	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	25	20	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	190	...	...	175	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	70	...	...	130	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	155	...	...
Couple-family households	60	...	...	100	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	120	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	60	...	...	851,835	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	40	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	30	...	...	331,395	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	10	...	...	139,280	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	35	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	305	155	155	400	195	210	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	515	240	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	295	150	145	380	185	200	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	490	235	260
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	40,800	38,400	36,000	38,400	34,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	33,200	34,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	295	150	145	380	185	200	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	490	235	260
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	36,400	36,400	32,800	34,400	31,600	36,400	39,200	33,600	30,200	31,400	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	270	135	135	335	170	165	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	415	200	210
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,000	34,400	29,200	31,800	27,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	22,200	28,000	18,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	250	125	125	260	135	120	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	345	175	175
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	38,400	34,800	31,800	31,800	31,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	26,400	31,800	22,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	115	125	335	155	180	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	440	190	240
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,700	7,450	12,500	12,100	12,800	11,500	10,200	12,300	12,600	9,700	14,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20	10	10	35	20	10	837,635	441,080	396,550	85	35	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	x	x	5,400	4,480	x	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,720	5,360	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	55	55	125	70	55	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	180	90	90
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	280	145	135	385	170	215	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	505	260	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	275	140	135	375	170	210	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	485	250	235
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	60,000	43,000	44,200	46,400	42,400	51,160	57,550	44,960	41,400	39,600	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	275	140	135	375	170	210	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	485	250	235
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	48,000	37,000	38,000	38,800	37,200	41,840	45,760	38,000	35,600	33,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	135	130	320	155	170	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	390	215	175
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	55,000	35,500	37,400	39,000	36,400	45,480	52,900	38,000	35,000	34,800	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	235	125	110	250	135	115	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	330	185	145
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	55,000	37,500	41,200	38,500	44,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	38,400	37,200	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	240	110	125	320	135	185	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	430	215	220
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,000	10,200	14,300	13,800	14,700	12,410	11,500	13,220	14,950	11,800	18,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25	0	0	45	25	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	75	35	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	...	...	3,900	3,200	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	8,800	5,600	12,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	95	45	55	150	100	50	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	190	110	80
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,000	10,000	9,000	9,400	8,400	8,130	7,910	8,390	10,300	10,800	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	280	145	135	380	170	210	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	505	265	245
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	120	70	50	130	55	70	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	120	65	55
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	50,800	43,200	45,600	57,200	42,800	58,400	62,800	53,600	52,000	60,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,000	76,000	58,000	55,000	58,000	52,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	66,000	68,000	64,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	85	40	40	120	75	40	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	165	95	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,700	14,700	9,000	21,000	20,800	25,200	18,600	21,400	16,600	20,400	20,400	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	31,000	20,000	28,000	26,000	32,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	25,400	23,200	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	88.0	78.0	72.5	76.0	70.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	68.0	75.0	61.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.0	84.0	68.0	62.0	66.0	58.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	62.8	68.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.4	10.8	22.0	27.2	24.0	30.4	20.1	15.8	25.6	32.0	25.2	39.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	x	x	1.0	1.2	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	3.2	2.0	4.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.8	4.6	10.0	8.8	12.4	5.8	5.4	4.8	6.1	11.0	12.6	9.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	4.0	9.0	8.0	12.0	4.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	9.8	11.6	7.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	310	155	150	400	190	210	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	515	240	275
Without total income	10	10	5	20	10	10	179,955	87,650	92,310	25	10	10
With total income	300	150	150	385	185	195	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	490	230	260
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	15	10	25	10	15	462,400	204,245	258,155	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	15	60	25	35	809,375	334,315	475,065	75	35	40
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	75	40	40	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	110	45	60
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	30	55	20	30	896,520	414,070	482,445	95	40	50
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	15	40	15	20	849,005	411,680	437,325	50	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	5	30	15	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	60	30	30
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	20	10	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	25	15	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	15	10	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	5	0	5	198,140	112,355	85,780	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	20	15	30	15	15	556,780	365,700	191,080	15	10	5
$100,000 to $149,999	20	10	5	25	15	15	385,890	245,635	140,260	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	15	5	5	5	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	310	155	150	400	190	210	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	515	240	275
Without after-tax income	10	10	5	20	10	10	177,960	86,610	91,355	25	10	10
With after-tax income	300	150	150	385	185	195	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	490	230	260
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	15	10	25	10	15	495,035	214,000	281,030	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	20	60	30	35	853,250	356,480	496,765	80	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	85	40	45	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	120	50	70
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	35	60	25	30	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	100	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	50	25	20	994,235	505,970	488,265	75	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	30	20	15	691,015	372,870	318,145	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	5	25	15	15	459,665	251,490	208,170	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	15	5	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	10	0	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	5	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	15	10	10	10	10	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	5	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	10	0	5	5	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	310	155	150	400	190	210	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	515	240	275
Without employment income	60	35	25	145	55	90	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	170	70	100
With employment income	245	120	125	255	135	120	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	345	170	175
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	10	35	25	15	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	20	20
$5,000 to $9,999	25	10	15	30	20	10	401,185	180,585	220,595	35	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	15	20	5	10	603,350	273,725	329,620	65	25	40
$20,000 to $29,999	30	10	20	40	20	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	40	10	25
$30,000 to $39,999	20	15	10	25	10	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	45	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	15	25	10	10	485,845	242,230	243,610	40	15	25
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	15	10	5	403,980	217,425	186,560	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	15	5	15	320,700	184,770	135,935	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	10	5	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	10	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	10	5	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	5	0	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	15	15	25	10	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	10	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	10	10	5	5	205,085	133,500	71,585	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	15	5	5	10	10	5	216,965	152,410	64,555	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	305	155	155	400	195	210	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	515	240	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	290	145	145	380	185	195	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	475	220	255
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	41,600	35,200	34,000	36,400	32,000	38,400	43,200	34,000	26,800	28,200	26,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	290	145	145	380	185	195	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	475	220	255
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,000	31,400	31,200	33,200	28,800	34,000	37,600	30,600	25,400	25,600	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	265	135	135	335	170	165	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	395	190	205
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,200	32,400	31,800	34,400	29,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	25,200	29,200	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	240	120	120	255	140	115	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	335	160	175
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,800	33,600	34,000	33,600	34,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	27,000	30,200	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	225	110	120	290	130	165	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	395	175	220
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,900	1,840	1,980	9,100	7,150	10,100	7,800	5,640	9,100	5,640	3,800	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	15	10	25	10	15	727,165	390,255	336,910	50	20	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	x	x	5,560	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,880	4,360	6,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	280	145	135	385	170	215	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	505	260	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	135	135	370	170	200	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	465	235	230
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	50,000	39,000	41,400	44,800	38,400	48,600	55,500	41,880	38,000	41,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	135	135	370	170	200	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	465	235	230
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,000	34,000	35,600	37,600	34,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	33,000	35,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	265	135	130	330	160	170	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	375	200	175
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,000	35,500	37,200	41,000	33,600	45,920	53,800	37,920	38,200	43,600	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	230	125	110	255	140	110	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	315	180	135
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	45,000	37,000	41,200	41,000	42,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	42,000	46,000	36,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	235	110	125	280	110	170	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	400	185	215
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,000	6,200	11,000	8,400	12,700	9,450	8,430	10,320	8,400	5,240	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	0	30	15	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	30	15	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	...	...	7,600	8,000	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	3,600	1,000	6,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	280	145	135	380	170	210	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	505	265	245
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	120	70	50	130	55	70	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	115	65	55
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	41,200	46,400	40,800	42,800	45,600	40,400	54,800	60,000	49,200	56,800	59,200	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,000	50,000	48,000	52,000	58,000	48,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	74,000	88,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	80	40	40	120	85	35	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	165	95	70
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	25,600	26,000	23,400	26,000	23,400	23,600	27,200	21,000	24,000	17,000	25,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,500	48,000	34,000	32,000	31,600	34,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	23,400	21,200	26,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	92.0	84.0	80.0	88.0	73.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	81.0	90.0	69.0
Employment income (%)	79.0	80.0	76.0	68.0	76.0	60.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	75.0	84.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)	10.8	8.0	14.4	20.0	12.4	27.2	14.9	10.8	20.2	19.2	10.0	30.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	x	x	1.4	1.6	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	0.6	0.2	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	190	...	...	175	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	73,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	35	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	32,800	...	...	38,800	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	29,600	...	...	34,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	85	...	...	145	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	77,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	45	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...	37,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	39,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	34,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	140	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	190	...	...	175	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	82,470	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	143,285	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	166,990	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	310,880	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	280,505	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	255,770	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	75	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	307,835	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	239,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	190	...	...	175	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	234,875	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	177,135	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	180,150	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	213,760	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	356,325	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	289,580	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	55	...	...	892,775	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	387,835	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	20	...	...	279,105	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	75	...	...	140	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	40	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	73,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	65	...	...	907,765	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	30	...	...	368,845	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	71,500	...	...	69,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	64,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	135	75	60	45	15	25	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	100	50	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	37,600	36,400	31,000	x	33,600	36,800	39,200	34,800	34,800	38,400	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,200	32,000	29,200	x	29,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	32,000	34,400	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	60	...	...	145	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	35	...	...	992,110	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	80	...	...	909,160	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	128,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	108,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	25	...	...	367,155	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	64,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	60,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	62,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	160	90	70	45	0	35	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	150	85	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,000	62,000	36,000	37,000	...	38,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	34,500	33,000	36,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	49,000	32,000	34,000	...	34,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	30,000	29,000	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	340	175	160	485	235	250	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	640	310	335
0 to 17 years	40	30	15	100	50	50	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	150	70	75
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	25	15	5	515,725	264,785	250,935	50	25	20
18 to 64 years	260	125	130	280	135	140	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	415	200	215
65 years and over	35	20	15	105	50	60	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	80	35	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	50	25	20	45	25	25	992,235	463,295	528,940	125	50	70
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	10	10	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	35	20	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	5	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	35	20	15	20	10	15	515,470	256,435	259,035	65	25	40
65 years and over	15	5	5	10	0	10	317,235	124,865	192,370	20	5	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	15.0	12.0	9.6	9.5	9.5	11.9	11.2	12.7	19.2	16.5	22.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	10.0	12.0	8.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	24.0	24.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	20.0	30.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	14.0	12.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	16.0	14.0	18.0
65 years and over (%)	36.0	40.0	25.0	12.0	8.0	16.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	26.0	12.0	36.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	340	180	165	485	240	250	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	640	305	335
0 to 17 years	45	25	15	100	50	50	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	150	75	80
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	25	15	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	55	30	25
18 to 64 years	260	130	135	280	135	145	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	410	200	210
65 years and over	40	25	15	105	50	55	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	80	35	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	25	15	25	15	10	439,850	223,055	216,795	55	30	25
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	15	10	10	313,970	167,015	146,955	30	15	15
65 years and over	5	5	0	0	0	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.0	12.0	9.0	4.4	5.0	4.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	8.4	9.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	6.0	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	13.0	18.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	16.0	25.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	14.0	12.0	5.0	6.0	5.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	7.2	8.0	7.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	6.0	x	12.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	340	180	160	485	235	250	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	640	305	330
In bottom half of the distribution	180	100	80	280	130	145	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	490	230	260
In bottom decile	50	30	15	30	20	15	851,840	407,705	444,140	85	35	50
In second decile	40	20	20	75	35	40	920,490	434,730	485,760	125	55	70
In third decile	25	15	10	50	25	25	969,255	471,650	497,600	100	55	50
In fourth decile	30	20	15	50	20	30	978,345	482,760	495,590	100	45	55
In fifth decile	35	25	15	75	35	45	947,090	473,285	473,810	80	40	40
In top half of the distribution	160	80	80	210	105	100	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	150	75	75
In sixth decile	35	20	20	40	20	15	899,660	454,970	444,690	50	30	25
In seventh decile	20	15	10	60	25	35	837,225	425,400	411,830	50	25	30
In eighth decile	35	15	20	25	15	10	752,410	383,450	368,955	40	20	15
In ninth decile	30	20	10	60	35	30	634,425	325,700	308,730	0	0	0
In top decile	35	15	20	20	10	10	517,725	267,160	250,565	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	340	...	...	485	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	640	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.444	...	...	0.285	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.262	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.536	...	...	0.432	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.388	...	...	0.241	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.224	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.1	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	340	180	160	485	240	245	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	340
English only	10	5	0	25	10	15	445,575	228,840	216,735	30	10	20
French only	70	40	30	150	65	85	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	285	140	145
English and French	250	130	125	295	155	140	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	310	150	160
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	15	5	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	20	5	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	340	180	160	485	240	245	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	340
English	25	15	10	185	95	90	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	65	25	40
French	285	150	135	230	105	125	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	500	250	250
English and French	15	10	10	55	30	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	60	25	35
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	15	5	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	20	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	340	180	160	485	240	245	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	340
Single responses	315	165	150	455	220	235	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	600	290	310
Official languages	265	145	120	215	105	110	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	385	195	195
English	15	10	10	75	40	40	639,365	323,170	316,195	20	10	10
French	250	135	115	140	65	75	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	360	180	180
Non-official languages	55	25	30	245	120	125	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	215	100	120
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	25	30	245	120	125	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	215	100	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	233,220	122,895	110,320	75	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	20	10	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	204,600	107,735	96,865	55	30	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	5	5	0	198,785	104,765	94,020	55	30	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	5	5	5	37,425	17,185	20,240	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	5	5	5	28,630	13,180	15,450	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	62,640	28,375	34,265	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	15	20	46,475	20,690	25,785	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	180	90	85	595,790	290,670	305,115	95	40	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	155	80	80	346,000	167,870	178,130	75	35	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	140	70	70	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	10	5	5	177,155	86,490	90,660	55	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	5	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	25	15	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	45	15	25
English and French	15	5	5	10	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	5	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	340	180	160	485	240	245	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	340
English	20	10	10	110	60	50	623,305	313,780	309,520	35	15	20
French	225	120	110	120	60	65	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	365	180	185
Non-official language	20	10	10	70	30	40	366,730	177,410	189,315	70	30	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	70	30	40	343,650	165,830	177,825	70	30	35
English and French	45	25	20	25	15	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	40	20	20	205,755	102,290	103,470	30	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	75	35	40	375,795	179,585	196,210	90	45	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	45	25	25	284,940	141,275	143,665	30	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	340	180	160	485	240	245	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	340
Single responses	325	170	155	450	220	235	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	600	290	310
Official languages	295	155	145	345	170	175	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	470	230	240
English	25	10	10	170	90	85	874,185	438,570	435,615	45	20	25
French	270	145	130	170	80	95	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	425	210	220
Non-official languages	30	20	10	105	50	55	662,615	322,860	339,750	130	60	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	105	50	55	628,365	305,820	322,555	130	60	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	116,685	59,645	57,040	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	0	0	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	30	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	5	10	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	75	40	35	336,635	164,100	172,535	80	35	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	10	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	10	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	65	30	30	182,585	88,060	94,525	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	55	30	25	26,290	11,205	15,085	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	35	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0	0	5	67,120	31,725	35,390	10	0	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0	0	5	66,880	31,610	35,275	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	35	20	15	357,245	176,070	181,175	50	25	25
English and French	15	10	5	0	0	0	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	116,595	56,445	60,150	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	340	180	165	485	240	250	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	305	335
None	280	145	135	335	165	170	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	500	245	255
English	30	20	10	15	10	5	353,690	183,470	170,225	45	15	25
French	5	5	0	35	15	20	259,425	127,380	132,040	20	10	15
Non-official language	10	10	5	65	25	35	269,715	129,830	139,890	55	25	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	5	65	25	35	264,405	127,330	137,070	55	25	30
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0	61,955	31,425	30,525	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	0	0	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	15	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	300	160	140	485	235	260	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	650	345	305
Official languages	285	155	135	480	225	250	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	645	340	300
English	240	130	115	270	140	125	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	360	200	155
French	270	140	130	435	210	225	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	625	340	285
Non-official languages	100	45	50	350	160	185	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	250	125	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	45	50	350	160	185	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	250	125	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	385,210	201,105	184,100	145	90	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	40	20	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	40	20	20
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	363,875	190,005	173,870	135	85	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	343,675	179,750	163,930	135	85	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	110	50	55	135,275	62,040	73,235	25	15	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	95	45	55	118,010	53,530	64,480	25	15	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	10	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35	215	95	115	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	85	25	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	35	205	90	115	684,830	324,095	360,735	85	25	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	170	70	100	168,040	82,400	85,645	15	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	30	40	15	20	453,905	210,400	243,505	55	15	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	300	160	140	490	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	650	345	300
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	295	155	140	485	230	250	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	645	345	300
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	300	160	140	490	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	650	345	300
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	300	160	140	490	230	260	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	650	345	300
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Owner	65	...	...	105	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	35	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	80	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	10	...	...	515,590	...	...	50	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	175	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...	0	...	...	623,295	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	70	...	...	65	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	130	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	70	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	80	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...	730,330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	85	...	...	80	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	170	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	0	...	...	645,635	...	...	85	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	10	...	...	435,225	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	20	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	75	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.2	...	...	6.3	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
One person or fewer per room	185	...	...	180	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	260	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Suitable	175	...	...	170	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	215	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	15	...	...	142,775	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...	0	...	...	879,375	...	...	70	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	55	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	100	...	...	509,120	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	15	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	10	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	145	...	...	180	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	245	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	0	...	...	236,110	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
One-maintainer household	125	...	...	75	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	150	...	...
Two-maintainer household	45	...	...	105	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	110	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	10	...	...	525,540	...	...	60	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	35	...	...	647,165	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	15	...	...	30	...	...	628,630	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	20	...	...	40	...	...	760,395	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	50	...	...	629,965	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	20	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	180	...	...	185	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	130	...	...	150	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	30	...	...	595,690	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	50	...	...	30	...	...	542,060	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	185	...	...	185	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	45	...	...	901,440	...	...	120	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	45	...	...	25	...	...	537,090	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	100	...	...	135	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	175	...	...	185	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	265	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	0	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	150	...	...	175	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	110	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	35	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	83.3	...	...	40.9	...	...	62.2	...	...	71.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	720	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,120	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,800	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	548,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	616,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	540,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	600,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	75	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	230	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.0	...	...	26.7	...	...	25.2	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.9	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	820	...	...	860	...	...	810	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	880	...	...	886	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	300	160	140	490	230	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	645	345	300
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	15	10	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	290	155	135	480	230	255	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	625	335	295
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	300	160	140	490	235	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	650	350	305
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	265	140	120	460	215	245	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	565	300	260
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20	15	0	105	65	40	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	150	90	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	240	125	115	350	150	205	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	415	210	205
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	40	15	15	30	15	15	518,265	264,490	253,775	85	45	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	300	160	140	490	235	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	650	350	305
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	230	120	105	315	160	150	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	460	255	205
Immigrants⁸¹	70	35	35	165	70	95	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	150	70	85
Before 1980	10	0	10	80	25	55	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	20	15	10	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	0	10
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	15	10	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	25	10	15	312,210	150,825	161,390	85	40	50
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	15	0	20	15	10	396,090	192,745	203,340	45	20	20
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	20	15	10	193,345	93,485	99,855	25	10	15
2016 to 2021	15	0	0	0	0	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	25	15	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	40	20	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	70	35	30	165	70	95	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	155	70	85
Under 5 years	0	0	0	10	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	25	20	0
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	45	15	30	201,385	101,555	99,835	20	0	20
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	40	10	25	213,035	96,175	116,860	20	0	10
25 to 44 years	50	35	15	50	25	20	594,845	292,975	301,875	80	30	45
45 years and over	0	0	0	25	10	10	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	70	35	30	165	70	95	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	155	70	85
Americas	25	10	20	70	30	40	264,885	121,740	143,145	45	10	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	50	20	30	86,105	38,285	47,820	15	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	0	75	35	45	309,015	154,110	154,910	20	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	70	30	40	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0	302,010	153,655	148,355	75	40	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	35	25	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	35	20	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	10	0	10	332,925	158,445	174,475	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	10	10	0	0	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	20	15	10
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	20	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	300	160	140	485	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	650	345	305
First generation¹⁰⁰	85	45	40	170	65	105	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	195	90	100
Second generation¹⁰¹	35	20	15	195	95	100	883,485	446,000	437,490	125	95	40
Third generation or more¹⁰²	180	100	85	120	65	55	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	330	160	160
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	60	35	25	85	40	40	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	65	80
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	25	15	0	15	0	15	559,935	290,040	269,895	90	55	35
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	15	0	0	0	0	267,870	161,125	106,740	50	30	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	15	0	15	292,070	128,915	163,155	40	20	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	15	10	50	25	25	272,255	109,735	162,515	55	15	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	15	10	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	60	35	25	85	40	40	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	65	80
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	15	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	10	0	10	10	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	25	15	10	65	25	40	756,120	358,700	397,420	135	60	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	300	160	140	490	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	650	345	300
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	55	25	35	220	110	110	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	250	145	110
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	15	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	10	0	0	155	75	75	422,405	206,335	216,070	50	30	25
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	130	80	50
Latin American	20	10	10	35	15	15	172,925	85,035	87,880	60	25	30
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	240	135	105	270	125	145	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	395	200	195
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	300	160	140	490	235	255	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	650	350	305
Canadian	55	30	25	50	25	20	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	95	60	40
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	0	0	0
Irish	10	0	10	0	0	0	404,190	193,440	210,745	60	45	20
Scottish	10	10	0	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	80	45	35	15	10	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	125	65	60
German	15	15	0	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	10	15	0	10	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	15	195	90	100	316,315	157,600	158,720	40	20	20
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	15	40	15	15	931,940	465,630	466,305	65	40	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	30	15	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	10	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	10	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	45	35	10
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	45	20	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	120	60	60	156,065	73,495	82,570	35	30	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	55	35	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	40	25	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	300	160	140	490	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	650	345	300
Buddhist	15	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	90	45	40	360	170	195	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	305	135	170
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	70	35	30	464,020	229,155	234,860	15	10	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	30	15	15	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	80	45	40	255	110	140	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	275	125	155
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	10	0	10	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	10	10	0	0	0	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	175	105	70
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	180	95	90	110	55	55	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	175	105	65
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	300	160	140	485	235	250	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	635	350	290
Non-movers	235	125	110	485	235	250	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	505	265	240
Movers	65	30	30	0	0	0	945,290	466,750	478,540	130	80	50
Non-migrants	45	25	20	0	0	0	543,670	268,740	274,925	70	40	30
Migrants	15	0	15	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	60	40	15
Internal migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	50	25	15
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	40	25	15
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	290	155	135	460	210	245	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	615	330	280
Non-movers	150	75	80	300	135	165	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	350	180	170
Movers	140	85	55	160	75	85	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	260	145	115
Non-migrants	75	55	25	125	65	60	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	145	85	55
Migrants	65	30	30	30	15	20	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	120	65	50
Internal migrants	55	20	30	20	15	10	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	50	25	30
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	15	20	15	10	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	40	20	20
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	70	40	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	145	135	380	170	210	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	505	260	245
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	10	75	30	45	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	120	75	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	260	135	130	305	135	170	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	390	190	200
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	115	110	245	105	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	180	180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	10	35	15	20	642,800	382,415	260,380	55	35	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	220	115	105	210	90	125	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	305	140	160
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	145	135	380	170	215	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	510	260	240
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	10	70	30	40	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	95	55	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	25	25	120	60	60	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	125	80	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	210	110	95	190	80	110	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	290	130	160
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	45	0	125	55	65	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	195	80	110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	60	35	25	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	90	40	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	40	25	15	793,030	427,220	365,815	75	25	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	10	10	303,330	239,705	63,620	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35	25	0	45	15	35	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	95	40	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	20	10	10	252,815	102,150	150,665	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	160	70	90	65	25	45	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	95	50	50
Bachelor's degree	80	40	40	50	25	30	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	85	40	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	70	20	45	15	0	15	360,795	174,150	186,645	10	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	115	115	250	105	140	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	360	180	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	30	15	15	525,155	303,815	221,345	40	30	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	15	10	65	30	35	752,855	388,160	364,700	75	35	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	100	90	155	65	90	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	245	115	130
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	35	0	100	45	55	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	150	70	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	60	35	25	836,455	498,385	338,075	80	30	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	40	20	15	609,895	319,470	290,425	65	25	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	25	25	0	30	10	20	838,140	372,455	465,685	60	35	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	10	0	10	174,695	72,115	102,580	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	65	85	55	20	35	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	75	35	35	40	20	20	802,755	343,100	459,650	85	45	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	70	25	50	10	0	10	302,065	140,530	161,530	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	285	150	135	380	165	215	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	505	265	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	75	35	40	190	90	100	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	215	130	80
Education	0	0	0	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	10
13. Education	0	0	0	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	15	0	0	0	166,900	75,420	91,480	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	20	15	0	0	0	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	0	0
Humanities	10	10	0	10	0	0	228,770	90,810	137,960	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	10	35	30	0	30	430,845	142,280	288,570	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	0	15	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	10	0	10	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	10	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	25	0	15	50	20	25	950,820	357,290	593,535	55	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	0	15	50	20	25	894,690	344,770	549,925	50	15	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	20	0	0	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	0	10	10	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	35	20	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	10	10	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	30	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	15	15	0	35	35	0	866,885	778,835	88,060	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	0	0	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	0	0	0	25	0	25	515,215	101,455	413,760	60	10	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	0	20	470,150	78,875	391,275	55	10	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	25	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	225	115	110	250	110	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	180	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	15	20	95	40	50	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	115	60	45
Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
13. Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	15	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	20	15	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	10	0	0
Humanities	10	0	0	10	0	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	35	30	0	25	334,475	103,635	230,840	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	20	0	20	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	0	20	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	35	15	25	741,390	268,705	472,685	55	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	0	10	35	15	25	697,775	259,725	438,045	50	15	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	20	20	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	0	10	10	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	10	10	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	20	10	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	15	15	0	35	35	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	20	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	0	0	0	25	0	25	387,725	74,730	312,995	50	10	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	0	20	352,905	58,735	294,170	50	10	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	225	115	110	250	110	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	180	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	20	95	40	50	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	115	60	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	195	100	90	155	60	95	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	245	115	125
Location of study inside Canada	170	80	90	135	55	75	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	195	105	90
Same as province or territory of residence	155	80	80	135	55	75	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	195	105	90
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	25	20	0	15	10	10	414,490	209,160	205,330	50	15	35
Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	15	15	0	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	40	15	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	20	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	15	0	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	280	145	135	380	170	215	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	510	260	240
In the labour force	225	120	100	265	140	135	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	305	170	135
Employed	205	115	95	235	115	115	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	275	150	120
Unemployed	15	10	10	35	25	15	335,015	176,245	158,775	35	20	10
Not in the labour force	55	25	35	110	30	80	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	205	90	110
Participation rate	80.4	82.8	74.1	69.7	82.4	62.8	64.1	67.4	60.9	59.8	65.4	56.3
Employment rate	73.2	79.3	70.4	61.8	67.6	53.5	59.3	62.3	56.3	53.9	57.7	50.0
Unemployment rate	6.7	8.3	10.0	13.2	17.9	11.1	7.6	7.7	7.4	11.5	11.8	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	285	150	135	380	165	215	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	505	265	240
Did not work¹⁸⁶	65	25	40	125	30	95	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	205	95	110
Worked	220	120	100	255	135	115	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	300	165	135
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	125	75	50	125	55	75	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	120	60	55
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	95	45	45	130	85	45	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	180	100	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	41.2	38.8	40.0	39.6	40.4	41.3	41.7	40.8	36.6	36.0	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	225	125	100	270	135	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	305	175	130
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	225	125	100	260	135	120	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	300	165	130
Employee	190	105	80	220	115	105	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	285	155	125
Permanent position	145	80	60	195	100	95	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	260	140	125
Temporary position	45	25	25	25	10	15	623,510	296,655	326,850	20	20	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	10	0	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	15	10	20	10	0	405,605	202,450	203,155	20	20	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	15	25	40	20	15	530,720	324,555	206,165	15	15	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	225	125	100	270	135	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	305	175	130
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	225	125	100	260	135	120	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	300	165	130
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	55	25	25	35	10	25	778,905	256,150	522,760	30	0	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	25	15	10	10	0	360,495	272,510	87,985	45	35	10
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	35	0	30	359,665	70,075	289,590	35	0	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	20	20	40	0	40	558,725	166,020	392,700	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	25	10	25	15	10	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	35	20	20	45	30	15	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	100	45	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	45	45	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	50	50	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	20	20	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	20	20	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	225	125	100	270	135	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	305	175	130
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	225	125	100	260	135	120	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	300	165	130
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	10	10	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	30	30	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	25	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	25	25	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	35	30	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	15	15	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	15	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	15	0	15	35	25	10	514,090	248,905	265,185	35	15	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	10	10	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	25	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	30	25	0	0	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	0	10	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	30	30	15	0	10	345,345	193,365	151,985	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	20	15	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	20	15	0
61 Educational services	35	20	10	20	0	15	340,885	104,300	236,590	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	20	0	15	55	0	55	617,200	122,675	494,525	50	10	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	30	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	10	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	240	135	110	265	135	125	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	335	190	145
English	25	15	15	15	10	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	25	10	10
French	115	70	45	135	75	55	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	185	95	90
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	85	45	35	100	50	50	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	125	90	40
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	15	0	10	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	240	135	110	265	135	125	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	335	190	145
Single responses	225	125	100	230	130	105	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	330	185	140
Official languages	225	125	100	230	130	105	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	330	185	140
English	35	20	15	60	30	30	668,485	365,785	302,695	55	35	20
French	190	100	90	170	100	75	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	275	155	125
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	30	15	20	269,365	142,370	126,995	0	0	0
English and French	15	10	0	25	15	15	249,945	132,640	117,300	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	240	135	110	265	135	125	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	335	190	145
None	155	95	60	170	100	75	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	215	110	105
English	60	30	35	30	15	20	720,960	391,075	329,885	85	55	25
French	10	10	0	45	20	25	302,145	161,340	140,805	30	20	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	210	115	95	235	115	120	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	275	150	120
Worked at home	105	55	40	25	10	15	897,770	435,285	462,480	50	25	25
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	0	15	50	45	10	442,035	333,730	108,305	25	25	0
Usual place of work	85	50	35	155	65	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	205	105	95
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	85	55	35	155	65	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	100	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	75	40	30	115	40	80	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	160	70	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	35	20	10	823,150	442,385	380,765	35	30	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	105	55	50	210	110	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	125	100
Car, truck or van	30	10	15	175	100	75	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	145	105	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	30	10	15	170	100	75	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	130	90	35
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	20	15	0
Public transit	40	25	25	30	15	15	287,345	120,460	166,885	50	20	35
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	25	0	20
Bicycle	25	15	10	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	105	55	50	210	110	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	125	100
Less than 15 minutes	15	10	0	55	25	30	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	35	25	10
15 to 29 minutes	30	10	20	50	25	25	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	85	45	40
30 to 44 minutes	40	25	15	70	45	25	635,870	363,430	272,445	70	40	35
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	15	10	10	235,140	133,720	101,425	15	10	10
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	20	0	10	206,480	126,635	79,840	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	105	55	50	210	110	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	125	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	20	15	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	0	0	40	20	20	569,745	368,480	201,265	30	25	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	15	0	50	25	30	935,640	441,465	494,170	50	25	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	25	30	45	20	25	626,895	259,220	367,675	45	15	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	20	15	0	330,930	142,495	188,435	25	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	10	15	35	15	20	489,685	284,160	205,530	55	35	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	40	30	10	105	55	50	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	155	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	40	20	15	303,835	156,030	147,805	20	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	30	10	65	30	35	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	130	70	65
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	25	10	80	40	45	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	105	50	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	30	15	15	230,080	118,075	112,005	20	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	30	15	15	175,305	90,000	85,305	15	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	10	50	25	30	992,895	508,315	484,580	90	45	50

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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