Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661443More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661892More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662182More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	607	...	...	519	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	546	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	340	...	...	280	...	...	976,966	...	...	261	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	328	...	...	256	...	...	910,359	...	...	248	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20,646.3	...	...	20,927.4	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	3,303.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.02	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	605	310	295	520	265	255	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	545	285	265
0 to 14 years	70	35	35	80	40	35	309,765	158,545	151,225	115	55	55
0 to 4 years	30	15	15	35	20	15	99,195	50,760	48,435	35	20	15
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	25	10	15	106,985	54,660	52,320	45	20	20
10 to 14 years	10	5	5	20	10	10	103,590	53,120	50,470	35	20	15
15 to 64 years	465	245	225	410	210	200	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	375	185	185
15 to 19 years	15	5	10	20	15	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	25	15	10
20 to 24 years	40	25	15	40	15	25	140,025	70,895	69,125	45	20	25
25 to 29 years	80	35	40	80	35	40	165,525	83,630	81,895	40	10	25
30 to 34 years	90	50	40	75	40	35	157,725	78,995	78,730	30	15	15
35 to 39 years	75	40	30	45	30	20	149,265	74,115	75,155	45	20	25
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	55	25	25	142,365	70,920	71,445	40	20	25
45 to 49 years	25	15	5	50	25	25	125,505	62,690	62,815	35	20	20
50 to 54 years	35	20	15	30	15	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	35	25	15
55 to 59 years	40	15	25	20	10	5	125,465	63,810	61,655	45	25	20
60 to 64 years	25	10	10	15	5	10	118,065	57,920	60,140	30	20	15
65 years and over	70	30	45	30	15	15	351,325	151,210	200,120	65	30	30
65 to 69 years	20	10	15	15	5	5	99,325	46,730	52,595	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	25	5	15	15	5	5	86,030	39,185	46,845	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	15	10	5	5	5	0	63,215	27,320	35,895	5	5	5
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	46,875	18,960	27,915	5	0	5
85 years and over	0	0	5	0	0	0	55,885	19,015	36,870	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.6	11.3	11.9	15.4	15.1	13.7	15.5	16.1	14.8	21.1	19.3	20.8
15 to 64 years	76.9	79.0	76.3	78.8	79.2	78.4	67.0	68.5	65.6	68.8	64.9	69.8
65 years and over	11.6	9.7	15.3	5.8	5.7	5.9	17.5	15.4	19.6	11.9	10.5	11.3
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	0.9	1.8	0.0
Average age of the population	38.9	37.4	40.2	34.2	33.8	34.4	41.0	39.8	42.1	37.5	37.8	37.2
Median age of the population	35.6	35.2	36.0	32.4	32.8	32.0	39.6	38.4	40.4	38.0	38.8	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	330	...	...	260	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	5	...	...	34,075	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	40	...	...	110,440	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	320	...	...	205	...	...	479,885	...	...	155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	325	...	...	255	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
1 person	140	...	...	105	...	...	367,400	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	125	...	...	80	...	...	271,730	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	40	...	...	118,205	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	25	...	...	98,205	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	54,820	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	605	310	300	515	260	255	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	540	275	265
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	540	275	265	435	225	215	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	430	225	210
Married or living common-law	280	150	130	210	105	110	822,440	414,330	408,115	160	80	80
Married	95	50	45	70	40	30	577,060	289,455	287,600	105	55	55
Living common-law	185	100	85	140	65	75	245,385	124,870	120,510	55	25	30
Living common law - Never married	160	80	80	125	65	65	207,040	104,785	102,250	45	25	25
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	15	5	15	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	0	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	260	120	140	230	115	110	872,060	410,935	461,125	275	145	130
Not married and not living common law - Never married	210	110	100	205	105	95	627,845	333,150	294,700	200	115	85
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	0	10	5	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	10	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	10	25	15	5	10	126,605	46,380	80,225	45	20	30
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0	82,815	16,590	66,225	15	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	160	...	...	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	65	...	...	251,075	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	35	...	...	107,265	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	20	...	...	93,300	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	0	...	...	43,810	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	105	...	...	395,645	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	35	...	...	273,070	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	25	...	...	162,745	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	5	...	...	110,325	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	70	...	...	122,570	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	30	...	...	44,875	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	40	...	...	77,700	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	15	...	...	99,805	...	...	60	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	10	...	...	80,530	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	605	305	300	515	265	255	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	540	275	265
Total - Persons in census families	395	200	195	330	160	165	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	405	195	210
Married spouses or common-law partners	280	145	130	210	105	105	791,280	398,495	392,785	160	75	80
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	20	20	5	10	99,805	19,275	80,525	60	10	50
Children⁶	95	50	45	100	55	50	541,905	284,935	256,965	185	105	80
In a two-parent family	65	35	30	80	45	40	392,250	205,155	187,095	90	50	35
In a one-parent family	25	15	15	20	10	5	149,655	79,785	69,865	95	50	45
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	215	110	110	190	100	90	526,370	262,915	263,450	135	85	55
Living alone	145	65	75	105	50	55	367,395	175,660	191,740	100	55	40
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	10	5	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	20	10	5
Living with non-relatives only	60	35	25	75	45	30	109,690	65,235	44,455	25	10	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	325	...	...	255	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	155	...	...	115	...	...	455,970	...	...	120	...	...
Couple-family households	135	...	...	100	...	...	370,250	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	55	...	...	194,165	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	50	...	...	176,085	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	15	...	...	85,720	...	...	50	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	35	...	...	55,210	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	140	...	...	105	...	...	367,395	...	...	95	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	540	270	270	440	220	220	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	430	220	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	265	255	420	210	210	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	410	210	200
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	52,800	47,600	46,000	45,600	46,400	37,600	39,600	36,000	34,800	34,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	265	255	420	210	210	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	410	210	200
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	44,400	41,200	40,000	38,800	41,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	31,600	31,400	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	260	245	405	200	200	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	320	165	155
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	51,200	39,200	40,800	42,000	40,000	31,000	35,200	27,000	27,800	30,400	19,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	435	230	205	370	190	180	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	285	150	135
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	51,200	42,400	42,400	42,400	42,400	32,800	36,000	29,600	30,800	31,400	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	170	205	325	150	175	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	370	185	180
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	4,920	6,950	6,800	6,550	6,800	10,800	9,600	12,000	14,000	10,900	15,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35	15	20	60	30	25	171,705	84,570	87,145	60	25	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	7,450	6,200	5,160	6,750	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,480	6,000	5,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	125	65	60	165	90	75	529,640	276,110	253,530	145	80	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	530	260	265	385	205	180	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	435	245	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	510	260	255	355	180	175	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	420	230	190
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,400	60,800	60,000	60,600	61,600	59,200	53,250	60,050	46,760	38,600	36,400	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	510	260	255	355	180	175	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	420	230	190
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,600	48,000	49,200	47,600	48,000	46,800	42,520	46,280	38,960	33,400	31,600	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	245	250	335	170	165	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	315	175	140
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	56,800	52,800	56,600	57,600	55,600	48,960	57,350	40,640	37,200	35,600	39,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	210	210	315	165	150	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	270	160	110
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	57,200	52,000	56,800	56,400	57,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	38,000	38,000	38,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	180	215	270	130	140	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	375	205	170
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,500	9,700	9,300	9,600	9,000	12,040	10,900	13,040	12,520	11,200	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35	0	25	65	30	30	171,360	84,435	86,925	50	30	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	...	10,000	5,800	4,400	6,800	6,840	6,065	7,590	9,200	8,000	12,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	140	85	65	125	75	50	528,305	276,300	252,005	100	60	40
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	8,000	8,800	9,600	10,800	7,800	9,110	9,140	9,070	7,900	8,800	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	535	260	270	385	205	180	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	440	245	195
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	105	100	155	85	70	514,340	278,505	235,830	125	75	50
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	76,500	69,000	80,000	80,000	71,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	49,600	51,600	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,000	90,000	79,000	92,000	90,000	92,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	53,000	54,000	52,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	75	90	140	75	70	504,455	247,565	256,895	90	50	40
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	11,600	24,600	16,000	6,650	16,000	16,400	17,400	15,500	21,200	21,200	39,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	17,500	29,600	25,200	21,000	29,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	25,600	23,000	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	90.0	86.0	88.0	88.0	88.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	71.0	73.0	70.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.5	76.0	72.0	84.0	86.0	80.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	63.0	70.0	54.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.3	10.8	13.8	11.6	11.2	12.0	18.9	14.4	24.4	28.8	26.8	30.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	x	1.6	1.7	1.2	2.0	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.8	2.8	3.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	4.6	4.0	6.0	7.6	4.2	6.4	5.9	7.0	6.3	7.4	5.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	4.2	3.6	5.6	7.2	3.8	5.7	5.4	6.0	5.0	6.4	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	540	275	265	435	225	215	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	430	220	210
Without total income	20	5	10	20	15	5	65,020	32,205	32,820	20	10	10
With total income	520	265	255	420	210	205	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	410	205	205
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	15	25	15	10	138,250	65,670	72,580	35	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	30	40	15	25	200,450	93,060	107,390	75	35	35
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	35	60	40	20	286,825	131,235	155,595	65	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	30	50	15	35	215,455	102,705	112,755	70	35	35
$40,000 to $49,999	40	15	20	50	30	25	181,505	86,460	95,040	65	40	30
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	25	45	20	25	138,185	64,805	73,380	35	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	20	25	10	15	100,060	48,510	51,550	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	20	20	10	10	74,165	37,625	36,540	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	15	15	5	5	58,400	30,060	28,335	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	15	5	10	42,240	22,360	19,875	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	70	45	25	70	40	30	149,555	92,680	56,875	15	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	55	35	20	50	30	20	90,980	53,275	37,705	10	5	10
$150,000 and over	20	10	10	20	15	10	58,575	39,405	19,170	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	540	275	265	435	225	215	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	430	220	210
Without after-tax income	20	5	10	20	15	5	64,605	32,005	32,605	20	10	10
With after-tax income	520	265	255	420	210	205	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	410	205	205
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	15	25	15	10	144,275	67,955	76,320	35	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	35	40	15	25	210,975	98,495	112,480	80	40	35
$20,000 to $29,999	80	40	45	75	45	25	334,395	155,845	178,545	80	40	45
$30,000 to $39,999	65	40	30	70	30	40	257,145	124,835	132,315	80	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	75	30	45	60	30	30	204,980	97,805	107,175	60	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	30	35	15	20	139,760	67,315	72,450	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	60	35	25	30	15	15	93,705	46,700	47,005	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	20	5	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	10	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	10	5	10	38,975	21,640	17,335	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	25	15	15	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	35	15	20	25	15	10	73,695	48,025	25,665	5	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	15	15	5	5	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	10	0	5	15	10	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	540	275	265	435	225	215	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	430	220	210
Without employment income	105	45	60	65	30	35	495,060	212,405	282,660	150	70	85
With employment income	430	230	200	375	190	185	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	280	155	130
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	20	30	50	25	20	167,560	82,405	85,155	40	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	25	15	10	111,575	52,975	58,595	35	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	15	40	20	20	151,350	72,815	78,530	40	20	15
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	40	20	25	116,030	56,295	59,730	25	15	10
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	15	30	15	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	35	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	30	15	15	104,250	51,950	52,300	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	30	15	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	20	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	15	20	10	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	20	20	10	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	30	25	10	15	5	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	15	0	10	31,345	18,120	13,230	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	65	40	25	65	40	25	115,575	74,545	41,030	10	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10	25	10	5	47,525	28,870	18,655	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	35	20	15	40	25	15	68,050	45,675	22,375	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	540	270	270	440	220	220	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	430	220	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	260	245	405	200	205	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	400	200	200
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	53,600	47,200	41,200	41,200	41,200	34,000	36,400	31,800	29,600	31,000	28,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	260	245	405	200	205	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	400	200	200
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	44,000	40,400	36,400	35,600	36,400	31,000	32,800	29,400	27,800	28,800	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	485	250	235	395	195	200	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	320	160	155
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	51,600	42,800	38,400	41,200	36,800	32,000	36,000	28,200	29,200	32,800	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	220	195	355	180	180	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	280	140	135
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	53,200	44,400	40,800	42,000	36,800	33,600	36,800	30,400	31,200	34,400	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	150	185	285	130	160	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	335	165	170
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,940	1,450	2,560	1,960	2,160	1,880	4,440	2,760	7,300	8,300	7,300	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	20	15	45	25	20	114,940	56,080	58,855	35	15	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	x	x	6,320	3,880	8,200	5,120	4,600	5,760	5,720	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	530	260	265	385	205	180	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	435	245	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	525	260	265	340	165	175	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	410	225	190
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,000	55,200	50,800	56,200	58,000	54,800	50,000	57,050	43,280	35,600	33,200	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	525	260	265	340	165	175	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	410	225	190
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	43,200	42,400	44,400	46,000	43,200	39,800	43,800	35,920	30,600	28,600	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	250	250	330	160	165	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	310	170	140
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,000	54,000	48,000	54,800	56,000	53,200	49,080	57,750	40,560	37,200	36,000	39,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	420	215	205	305	150	160	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	260	150	115
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	54,800	50,800	54,800	59,000	51,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	39,200	40,000	38,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	165	205	235	105	130	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	335	185	145
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,440	6,080	6,750	4,680	4,000	5,200	8,250	6,740	9,510	9,400	6,850	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35	20	15	35	20	0	114,595	55,675	58,915	25	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,000	8,000	7,200	4,800	...	7,510	5,990	8,940	8,000	...	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	535	260	270	385	205	180	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	440	245	195
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	105	100	155	85	70	507,645	274,575	233,070	125	75	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	76,500	62,800	68,500	62,000	75,500	54,400	58,400	50,400	47,600	53,600	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,500	84,000	65,000	80,000	77,000	84,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	50,000	50,000	50,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	75	90	125	55	70	462,020	227,495	234,530	85	40	40
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	12,400	37,600	23,000	36,800	15,100	21,800	23,200	20,400	29,000	30,400	29,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	21,000	40,000	33,000	37,000	30,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	28,800	29,000	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	94.0	90.0	94.0	96.0	92.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	79.0	84.0	74.0
Employment income (%)	79.5	80.0	79.0	88.0	92.0	84.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	69.0	80.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)	8.6	6.9	10.4	5.7	4.4	7.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	21.4	16.8	26.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.0	1.2	1.0	x	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.6	x	2.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	325	...	...	255	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	54,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	68,500	...	...	58,000	...	...	48,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	140	...	...	105	...	...	367,395	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	45,600	...	...	38,000	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	40,800	...	...	34,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	185	...	...	155	...	...	542,960	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	315	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	255	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	92,700	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	70,500	...	...	74,100	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	100	...	...	367,255	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	67,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	44,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	50,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	135	...	...	543,100	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	330	...	...	255	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	10	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,665	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	25,730	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	57,720	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	41,160	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	40,595	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	41,545	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	42,630	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	75,485	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	67,695	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	60,495	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	54,055	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	45,830	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	120	...	...	100	...	...	270,265	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	85,635	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	56,205	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	62,095	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	15	...	...	66,335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	330	...	...	255	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	10	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,965	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	27,485	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	63,030	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	49,660	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	48,815	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	51,055	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	50,890	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	47,120	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	85,490	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	30	...	...	75,625	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	65,530	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	54,850	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	70	...	...	197,490	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	78,870	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	45,905	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	20	...	...	72,715	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	170	...	...	125	...	...	501,830	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	50	...	...	179,195	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	55	...	...	208,260	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	129,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	15	...	...	95,875	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	x	...	...	65,500	...	...	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	x	...	...	59,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	195	100	95	180	95	85	477,085	240,895	236,195	125	70	50
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,800	43,600	47,200	35,600	30,000	38,400	34,400	34,800	34,000	34,800	36,000	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,000	39,200	34,000	26,600	36,400	31,200	31,200	31,200	31,400	32,000	30,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	160	...	...	115	...	...	501,905	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	45	...	...	179,455	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	45	...	...	208,375	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	25	...	...	95,455	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	210	95	110	170	100	75	476,520	240,280	236,245	140	90	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	36,000	48,000	53,000	52,000	52,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	41,000	35,000	50,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	30,800	40,000	41,000	40,000	42,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	34,000	30,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	610	310	295	520	265	255	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	545	280	265
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	90	50	45	365,020	186,710	178,315	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	40	20	20	120,615	61,615	58,995	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	460	240	215	400	200	200	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	350	175	175
65 years and over	70	30	45	30	15	15	317,425	140,270	177,155	65	30	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	75	35	40	65	40	25	321,885	154,370	167,510	125	65	65
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	10	5	0	54,265	27,870	26,395	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	60	30	30	45	30	20	197,020	99,310	97,710	65	30	40
65 years and over	10	5	10	10	5	5	70,600	27,185	43,415	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.0	13.0	12.4	15.2	10.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	23.2	22.0	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	8.0	10.0	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	28.0	32.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	36.0	50.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.0	14.0	12.0	14.0	10.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	19.0	16.0	22.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	x	16.0	32.0	50.0	x	22.2	19.4	24.5	34.0	36.0	32.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	605	305	300	515	265	255	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	540	275	265
0 to 17 years	75	40	35	90	50	40	365,025	186,705	178,315	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	40	25	15	120,610	61,615	58,995	40	15	20
18 to 64 years	455	245	220	400	200	200	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	350	175	175
65 years and over	75	25	45	30	15	15	317,425	140,265	177,155	60	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	30	30	60	40	25	213,720	108,905	104,815	75	30	45
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	5	0	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	10	15
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	60	30	30	55	35	20	153,385	81,765	71,620	45	20	30
65 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.8	10.0	11.0	11.6	14.0	9.5	10.9	11.3	10.6	13.2	11.0	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	15.0	12.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	10.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.0	13.0	13.6	16.0	11.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	13.2	10.0	16.0
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	x	x	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	10.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	605	310	295	520	260	255	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	540	280	265
In bottom half of the distribution	295	145	150	285	150	135	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	405	210	195
In bottom decile	80	40	40	80	50	30	298,540	147,890	150,655	105	45	60
In second decile	55	30	30	60	35	25	244,435	115,985	128,450	105	55	45
In third decile	45	20	25	55	30	30	240,895	116,550	124,345	100	55	45
In fourth decile	40	20	15	40	20	20	218,125	105,885	112,240	45	20	20
In fifth decile	65	30	40	45	20	30	194,765	95,185	99,580	55	35	25
In top half of the distribution	315	165	150	235	115	125	762,590	384,140	378,450	140	65	70
In sixth decile	40	20	15	30	15	20	172,200	85,100	87,095	70	35	35
In seventh decile	80	40	40	50	25	25	156,540	78,290	78,250	40	15	20
In eighth decile	60	35	30	45	20	25	144,120	72,600	71,525	10	5	10
In ninth decile	70	35	35	75	35	35	134,265	68,285	65,980	10	5	5
In top decile	60	30	25	40	20	20	155,465	79,870	75,595	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	605	...	...	520	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	540	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...	0.382	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.277	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.466	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.488	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.277	...	...	0.314	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	605	305	300	520	265	255	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	280	265
English only	25	15	15	25	15	10	262,290	133,690	128,600	95	50	50
French only	110	50	55	105	60	45	486,845	221,005	265,840	155	75	80
English and French	465	245	225	390	195	200	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	285	155	125
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	605	305	300	520	265	255	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	280	265
English	90	45	45	65	30	35	605,220	303,380	301,835	200	105	90
French	475	240	235	435	225	210	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	320	160	160
English and French	45	20	15	15	5	5	173,785	88,480	85,300	20	10	5
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	605	305	300	520	265	255	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	280	265
Single responses	580	290	290	500	255	245	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	505	260	245
Official languages	480	240	235	440	220	215	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	430	225	205
English	50	25	25	55	25	30	322,315	162,085	160,230	155	80	70
French	425	215	205	385	200	185	870,975	428,435	442,540	280	140	140
Non-official languages	100	45	55	55	30	25	643,275	311,525	331,750	75	35	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	45	55	55	30	25	642,820	311,370	331,445	75	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	129,195	68,395	60,805	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	112,200	59,320	52,880	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	5	0	0	107,605	56,960	50,645	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	35	45	40	20	20	329,415	158,980	170,435	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	37,235	16,405	20,835	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	36,800	16,245	20,555	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	10	5	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	10	5	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	5	0	5
German	5	0	0	10	5	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	30	15	10	183,755	87,295	96,460	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,560	29,680	33,880	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	5	0	5	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20	20	10	10	85,395	41,150	44,250	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	5	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	5	25	10	10	143,450	71,980	71,470	40	20	20
English and French	10	5	5	10	0	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	0	5	32,265	15,955	16,310	10	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	10	5	0	47,185	23,615	23,570	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	605	305	300	520	265	255	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	280	265
English	50	25	20	40	20	20	340,470	170,050	170,425	150	80	70
French	385	195	195	345	175	170	779,125	383,000	396,125	265	140	125
Non-official language	25	10	10	5	0	0	204,395	96,705	107,690	15	5	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10	5	0	0	204,315	96,670	107,645	15	5	10
English and French	75	45	30	75	35	40	173,135	89,205	83,935	45	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	10	5	5	135,390	66,995	68,400	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	20	15	10	180,900	85,935	94,965	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	25	15	10	154,470	76,450	78,020	25	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	605	305	300	520	265	255	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	280	265
Single responses	565	290	280	485	250	240	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	505	260	250
Official languages	525	270	255	475	240	235	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	470	240	230
English	75	40	40	65	30	35	479,850	239,270	240,580	170	90	80
French	450	235	220	410	210	200	956,130	471,155	484,975	295	150	145
Non-official languages	45	15	25	15	10	10	370,290	177,955	192,335	35	20	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	15	25	15	10	10	370,125	177,895	192,235	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	15	25	15	10	5	188,550	90,370	98,185	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	20	10	5	5	95,835	44,515	51,315	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	10	5	5	0	54,335	26,035	28,300	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	15	30	20	15	173,745	85,640	88,110	40	20	15
English and French	15	10	5	15	5	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	5	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	605	310	300	515	265	255	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	545	280	265
None	490	245	250	415	210	200	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	465	245	215
English	45	25	15	45	25	20	131,630	67,290	64,340	25	10	10
French	25	15	15	20	5	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	25	5	15
Non-official language	25	15	10	20	5	10	144,335	69,210	75,130	20	5	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10	20	5	10	144,155	69,135	75,015	20	5	15
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	10	5	38,875	19,700	19,180	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	605	295	310	460	255	210	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	565	300	265
Official languages	605	295	305	460	255	210	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	540	295	250
English	500	250	250	375	200	175	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	305	175	130
French	585	295	290	440	245	195	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	475	245	220
Non-official languages	170	75	95	135	70	65	971,455	471,755	499,700	145	70	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	75	95	135	65	65	970,710	471,495	499,220	140	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	25	20	0	217,295	113,605	103,690	45	30	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	25	20	0	205,120	107,210	97,905	35	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	25	20	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	35	30	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	10	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	65	80	115	55	55	514,485	250,190	264,295	35	0	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	10	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	65	80	105	55	55	324,695	154,360	170,340	25	0	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	20	10	15	107,285	51,300	55,985	10	0	10
Portuguese	40	15	20	35	15	25	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0
Spanish	105	50	55	60	30	35	193,835	91,345	102,490	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	40	20	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	560	300	270
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	15	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	30	0	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	30	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	605	295	310	450	245	200	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	540	290	245
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	560	300	270
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	605	295	310	455	255	205	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	560	300	260
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Owner	195	...	...	100	...	...	360,125	...	...	50	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	140	...	...	550,240	...	...	200	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Condominium	250	...	...	80	...	...	192,985	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	70	...	...	155	...	...	717,375	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	95	...	...	65	...	...	267,715	...	...	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	185	...	...	105	...	...	303,875	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	55	...	...	220,945	...	...	60	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	85	...	...	501,570	...	...	110	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	90	...	...	166,230	...	...	105	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	40	...	...	78,495	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	20	...	...	105,210	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.1	...	...	5.0	...	...	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One person or fewer per room	310	...	...	240	...	...	881,730	...	...	245	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Suitable	300	...	...	225	...	...	834,885	...	...	240	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	15	...	...	75,475	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
1960 or before	70	...	...	165	...	...	325,005	...	...	135	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	45	...	...	282,605	...	...	80	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	15	...	...	101,185	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	185	...	...	10	...	...	63,765	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	295	...	...	215	...	...	833,540	...	...	210	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	25	...	...	76,815	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One-maintainer household	170	...	...	135	...	...	543,605	...	...	155	...	...
Two-maintainer household	130	...	...	95	...	...	333,140	...	...	95	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	15	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	90	...	...	75	...	...	162,375	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	60	...	...	171,535	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	50	...	...	155,520	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	25	...	...	156,865	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	15	...	...	122,825	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	0	...	...	70,345	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	305	...	...	220	...	...	902,485	...	...	250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	270	...	...	170	...	...	686,075	...	...	200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	45	...	...	216,410	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	40	...	...	189,795	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	320	...	...	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	80	...	...	330,635	...	...	90	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	45	...	...	186,350	...	...	40	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	10	...	...	56,480	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	20	...	...	50,745	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	240	...	...	160	...	...	579,720	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	305	...	...	210	...	...	875,865	...	...	245	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0	...	...	87,945	...	...	35	...	...
Not in core need	290	...	...	205	...	...	787,925	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	195	...	...	95	...	...	360,120	...	...	50	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.2	...	...	73.7	...	...	60.0	...	...	80.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.4	...	...	22.2	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	1,580	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,150	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,580	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,520	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	520,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	468,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	350,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	120	...	...	145	...	...	550,235	...	...	205	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	24.0	...	...	28.4	...	...	19.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...	17.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,280	...	...	890	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	1,380	...	...	987	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	610	300	310	460	255	205	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	565	295	265
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	10	0	10	30,345	13,805	16,540	30	10	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	10	0	10	30,095	13,720	16,370	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	10	0	10	27,000	12,340	14,660	30	10	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	600	300	300	445	250	190	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	520	285	240
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	565	300	265
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	495	235	260	330	180	150	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	455	235	220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70	35	40	70	45	25	322,965	164,980	157,985	105	35	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	420	205	220	255	135	125	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	350	205	145
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	110	60	50	135	75	55	313,410	160,530	152,885	110	65	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	565	300	265
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	375	185	190	290	160	125	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	395	205	195
Immigrants⁸¹	145	65	80	80	35	40	652,730	313,955	338,770	120	65	55
Before 1980	10	0	10	0	0	0	108,265	50,530	57,735	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	0	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	25	20	0
1991 to 2000	30	10	15	0	0	0	106,810	50,520	56,290	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	40	20	25	15	10	0	154,780	74,520	80,255	25	15	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	25	20	55	25	35	213,175	104,225	108,950	60	40	25
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	30	15	15	99,070	48,005	51,065	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	30	20	15	25	10	10	114,110	56,220	57,885	60	40	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	50	35	90	55	35	138,240	75,380	62,860	50	25	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	145	65	80	80	35	40	652,725	313,955	338,770	120	65	50
Under 5 years	15	0	15	0	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	20	10	0	103,285	51,965	51,320	40	30	0
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	10	0	10	118,475	53,035	65,440	25	0	20
25 to 44 years	115	55	55	50	20	25	326,320	158,620	167,700	45	20	25
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	145	65	80	80	35	40	652,725	313,955	338,770	120	65	50
Americas	30	10	20	15	0	10	137,955	63,465	74,485	20	15	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	15	0	0
Europe	90	45	45	50	30	25	158,795	76,610	82,190	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	55	30	25	45	30	15	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	10	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	152,205	77,515	74,690	65	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	45	20	25
Asia	20	0	20	0	0	0	202,715	95,775	106,935	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	15	15	25	10	15	114,110	56,220	57,885	60	35	25
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	10	10	0
Europe	20	15	10	20	10	10	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	20	10	10	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	40	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	565	300	270
First generation¹⁰⁰	230	110	120	195	110	85	813,905	400,325	413,580	170	90	80
Second generation¹⁰¹	85	45	40	90	60	30	424,225	212,755	211,475	95	45	45
Third generation or more¹⁰²	295	145	150	175	85	95	721,230	352,590	368,630	300	160	140
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	135	60	75	70	35	35	544,455	263,425	281,040	120	65	55
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	60	75	45	30	10	303,105	155,090	148,020	35	20	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	85	40	45	25	20	10	151,015	87,200	63,815	10	0	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	20	30	15	15	0	152,090	67,890	84,205	25	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	25	0	25	146,645	59,645	87,000	50	25	25
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	135	60	75	70	35	35	544,455	263,425	281,040	120	65	55
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	40	25	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	10	35	15	20	56,685	26,490	30,195	10	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	15	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	85	40	50	30	15	20	387,815	184,015	203,795	70	35	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	605	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	560	300	270
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	85	25	65	60	35	30	737,510	363,785	373,725	225	120	105
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	20	10	15
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0
Black	20	0	15	20	10	10	208,805	101,125	107,680	145	75	70
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	15	10	0	151,890	79,375	72,515	0	0	0
Latin American	35	10	20	15	0	10	82,550	40,580	41,970	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	15	10	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	520	270	250	400	220	175	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	340	180	160
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	605	295	310	465	255	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	565	300	265
Canadian	50	30	25	60	35	20	241,015	115,880	125,135	160	75	85
English	20	0	15	20	10	10	59,710	30,025	29,685	15	0	15
Irish	30	20	0	15	10	10	102,325	48,885	53,440	35	10	20
Scottish	20	10	0	10	10	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	15	0	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	240	130	110	205	130	75	336,880	169,710	167,170	60	25	30
German	40	15	30	15	15	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	10	0	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	20	35	15	20	156,025	76,485	79,535	20	0	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	25	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	10	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	10	30	10	15	108,910	54,650	54,260	85	55	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	10	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	55	30	25	30	0	20	66,400	31,740	34,655	25	15	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	10	10	0	25	15	10	22,690	11,705	10,980	25	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	10	10	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	20	15	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	30	25	0	25	15	10	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	15	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	10	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	10	0	10	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	25	10	10	15	10	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10	10	0	10	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	55	30	20
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	15	20	15	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	15	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	25	10	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	610	295	310	460	255	205	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	565	300	270
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	245	125	125	135	70	65	969,945	451,410	518,540	310	160	145
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	10	0	10	10	0	0	116,635	55,545	61,090	45	15	35
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	15	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	230	115	115	120	65	55	675,695	314,690	361,010	210	120	90
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	35	20	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	15	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	10	0	0	20	10	0	233,440	121,145	112,290	80	50	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	20	15	10
No religion and secular perspectives	335	170	165	300	170	125	590,140	310,985	279,165	145	60	80
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	605	295	305	460	250	205	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	560	295	260
Non-movers	505	260	245	330	165	165	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	490	260	230
Movers	95	35	60	125	85	40	255,365	129,500	125,865	70	35	35
Non-migrants	65	30	35	95	70	25	186,805	94,745	92,055	50	25	30
Migrants	35	0	30	30	20	15	68,560	34,750	33,810	20	10	10
Internal migrants	15	0	15	10	0	10	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	20	0	15	25	20	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	580	290	295	435	230	200	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	535	295	240
Non-movers	290	160	135	140	60	80	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	295	170	125
Movers	295	130	160	290	170	120	821,475	413,250	408,230	240	125	115
Non-migrants	140	70	70	155	95	60	433,700	216,030	217,670	95	55	40
Migrants	150	60	90	135	80	65	387,770	197,215	190,560	145	70	75
Internal migrants	80	30	55	30	0	25	190,035	93,955	96,075	55	20	40
Intraprovincial migrants	50	20	30	15	0	0	159,710	78,770	80,940	55	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	35	10	25	15	0	10	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	70	30	35	105	65	40	197,735	103,260	94,485	90	50	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	535	260	270	385	205	180	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	440	245	195
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	10	0	15	10	0	274,820	136,500	138,320	175	120	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	510	255	260	370	195	175	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	260	125	140
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	180	200	325	170	155	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	330	185	145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	120	85	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	375	180	200	320	170	150	975,700	481,690	494,005	205	100	110
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	530	265	265	385	200	180	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	440	250	195
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	10	15	10	0	247,460	120,840	126,625	160	115	50
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	45	10	20	15	0	319,755	162,520	157,240	110	65	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	460	205	245	350	185	170	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	165	70	95
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	55	55	105	70	35	473,060	232,855	240,210	105	45	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	20	10	0	146,170	81,740	64,425	55	30	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	15	10	0	106,110	54,025	52,085	55	30	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	25	45	75	45	25	260,845	122,345	138,495	45	10	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	15	10	15	15	0	66,045	28,760	37,285	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	350	155	190	245	110	135	609,855	291,355	318,505	60	25	35
Bachelor's degree	155	55	105	85	40	45	344,605	160,320	184,285	35	15	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	20	35	20	15	58,945	27,280	31,665	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0
Master's degree	125	75	55	110	50	65	159,510	78,325	81,190	25	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	10	10	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	175	195	325	170	150	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	325	190	140
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	110	80	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	20	0	15	10	0	162,205	88,420	73,785	80	40	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	355	160	190	305	160	145	831,975	403,420	428,555	140	60	80
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	50	40	85	60	25	333,160	167,260	165,895	90	40	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	10	0	20	10	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	45	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	20	10	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	45	30	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	20	30	60	35	20	174,185	84,745	89,445	40	10	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	15	15	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	265	110	150	215	100	115	498,815	236,155	262,665	50	20	25
Bachelor's degree	110	40	65	75	35	35	276,640	128,890	147,745	25	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	20	30	15	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	100	45	50	100	40	55	137,150	66,720	70,430	20	15	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	10	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	530	265	270	385	205	180	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	440	245	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	70	50	20	35	20	15	567,220	283,355	283,860	270	180	95
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	35	15	15	69,210	32,705	36,505	20	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	40	25	15	15	61,135	27,085	34,045	15	0	15
Humanities	30	15	15	50	25	25	78,920	30,815	48,110	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	15	0	10	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	15	15	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	35	30	60	35	20	157,220	58,185	99,040	20	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	20	10	15	28,365	11,670	16,690	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	30	25	0	10	10	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	95	45	50	65	35	25	248,895	110,950	137,945	35	10	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	40	50	65	35	25	237,125	108,040	129,090	35	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	25	0	20	57,445	29,770	27,670	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	15	0	15	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	50	25	30	20	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	30	15	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	45	20	20	15	10	53,075	39,595	13,480	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	15	20	50	30	15	173,380	143,615	29,765	15	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	10	15	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	0	15	15	10	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	10	0	0
Health and related fields	30	0	30	25	0	25	122,295	30,795	91,495	20	10	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	25	0	25	109,185	24,140	85,045	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	10	10	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	375	180	195	325	170	155	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	330	185	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	25	15	0	20	15	0	265,025	144,230	120,800	185	125	65
Education	10	0	0	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
13. Education	10	0	0	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	25	30	15	15	54,840	26,500	28,340	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	20	25	25	15	15	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	40	25	15	52,565	20,765	31,805	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20	20	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	30	60	35	20	121,985	44,105	77,880	20	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	20	0	15	22,425	8,630	13,785	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	15	0	0	15	15	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	75	30	45	55	30	25	199,525	87,920	111,600	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	30	45	55	30	25	190,410	85,600	104,810	30	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	15	15	0	15	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	10	0	10	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	15	25	15	10	53,860	38,275	15,590	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	15	10	10	45,135	33,805	11,335	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	15	20	45	30	20	137,395	112,025	25,370	15	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	10	15	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	0	15	15	10	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	10	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	25	20	0	20	92,595	23,265	69,330	20	10	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	20	0	20	82,410	18,370	64,045	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	375	180	195	325	170	155	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	330	185	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	0	20	15	0	265,025	144,230	120,800	185	125	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	350	160	195	300	160	145	831,975	403,415	428,560	140	65	75
Location of study inside Canada	225	105	120	200	100	95	598,455	286,340	312,115	90	40	55
Same as province or territory of residence	195	95	100	160	85	75	566,540	270,160	296,380	90	40	55
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	20	40	10	25	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	130	55	75	110	60	50	233,520	117,075	116,445	45	25	25
Americas	30	15	20	10	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	10	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	95	40	50	95	50	40	74,705	39,515	35,190	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	80	35	45	85	50	40	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	25	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	530	265	265	385	200	180	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	440	250	195
In the labour force	400	200	205	305	165	145	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	245	135	110
Employed	355	170	185	285	145	135	971,245	502,885	468,360	215	120	95
Unemployed	45	30	15	30	20	10	110,395	58,460	51,935	30	15	15
Not in the labour force	130	60	70	75	40	35	568,495	246,215	322,280	195	105	85
Participation rate	75.5	75.5	77.4	79.2	82.5	80.6	65.5	69.5	61.8	55.7	54.0	56.4
Employment rate	67.0	64.2	69.8	74.0	72.5	75.0	58.9	62.3	55.6	48.9	48.0	48.7
Unemployment rate	11.3	15.0	7.3	9.8	12.1	6.9	10.2	10.4	10.0	12.2	11.1	13.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	530	265	270	385	205	180	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	440	245	190
Did not work¹⁸⁶	150	75	70	65	30	40	582,470	253,075	329,400	205	105	105
Worked	380	185	200	320	175	145	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	235	140	95
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	220	115	105	170	100	75	529,400	287,950	241,450	130	80	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	70	85	150	80	70	538,265	266,540	271,725	100	65	45
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.0	43.0	40.0	39.8	40.0	39.7	40.2	39.3	42.2	40.8	44.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	400	200	200	310	165	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	245	135	105
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	390	190	200	305	165	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	235	135	100
Employee	335	170	170	270	155	115	907,745	457,830	449,915	220	120	100
Permanent position	245	130	115	215	130	85	741,830	380,445	361,385	195	115	85
Temporary position	95	45	50	55	25	30	165,915	77,385	88,530	25	10	15
Fixed term (1 year or more)	55	20	40	25	15	10	69,690	31,285	38,405	10	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	25	10	30	10	20	96,225	46,100	50,120	15	10	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	20	30	40	10	25	142,380	88,145	54,230	15	10	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	400	200	200	310	165	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	245	135	105
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	390	190	200	305	165	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	235	135	100
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	15	50	45	15	30	207,660	79,975	127,685	25	10	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	50	30	70	45	25	114,775	85,780	28,990	25	10	15
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	10	0	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	15	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	35	20	60	20	35	140,500	46,385	94,115	20	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	40	40	45	25	20	61,790	31,615	30,175	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	70	40	30	55	35	20	263,055	135,300	127,750	55	35	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	0	0	0	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	50	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	40	30	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	400	200	200	310	165	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	245	135	105
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	390	190	200	305	165	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	235	135	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	0	10	0	0	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	10	10	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	75	40	30
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	20	0	20	10	10	0	111,555	56,180	55,375	40	15	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	60	35	30	30	15	15	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	0	10	15	10	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	80	30	50	70	30	40	130,405	75,750	54,655	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	15	15	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	25	25	0
61 Educational services	40	20	20	45	15	30	95,290	34,510	60,780	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	30	20	0	20	142,545	36,095	106,450	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	10	15	0	10	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	20	10	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	15	15	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	0	0	0
91 Public administration	25	15	10	25	10	10	42,120	20,455	21,665	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	430	210	220	330	180	150	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	270	160	110
English	40	20	20	15	10	10	201,310	110,165	91,150	40	30	10
French	185	95	90	110	75	35	416,430	206,170	210,265	150	95	50
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	185	95	90	200	100	100	473,485	249,700	223,785	80	35	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	10	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	430	210	220	330	180	150	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	270	160	110
Single responses	380	175	200	290	165	125	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	235	145	95
Official languages	380	175	200	290	165	125	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	235	145	95
English	85	45	45	60	45	20	361,715	194,885	166,835	60	35	25
French	290	135	150	230	120	110	645,885	327,180	318,705	175	110	65
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	35	15	45	25	25	126,180	65,940	60,240	35	15	15
English and French	50	35	15	40	20	25	116,535	60,925	55,605	35	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	430	210	220	330	180	150	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	270	160	110
None	285	145	140	170	95	70	743,180	381,875	361,305	225	140	80
English	90	40	55	125	50	75	219,885	116,455	103,430	25	10	15
French	45	25	25	40	35	0	149,470	78,495	70,975	20	10	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	355	170	185	285	145	135	971,245	502,885	468,360	215	120	95
Worked at home	200	105	95	155	75	70	298,820	151,335	147,485	30	20	10
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	20	20	0	20	10	10	89,120	62,795	26,325	25	15	0
Usual place of work	135	50	80	115	60	50	580,035	286,695	293,340	165	85	75
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	135	45	85	110	65	50	580,035	286,695	293,340	165	80	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	45	75	95	50	50	427,475	202,010	225,465	110	50	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	35	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	10	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	20	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	160	65	90	130	70	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	185	100	85
Car, truck or van	65	25	35	40	25	15	395,615	229,315	166,300	110	75	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	50	20	30	40	25	15	365,770	218,475	147,295	100	65	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	15	10	0
Public transit	65	25	45	45	25	20	177,860	74,605	103,260	60	25	35
Walked	0	0	0	20	10	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	20	0	15
Bicycle	20	15	0	25	10	15	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	10	10	10	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	160	65	90	130	70	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	185	100	85
Less than 15 minutes	35	25	10	15	0	10	125,240	61,185	64,055	50	30	20
15 to 29 minutes	75	10	65	55	20	35	241,005	129,590	111,420	45	25	20
30 to 44 minutes	25	20	10	30	20	15	176,925	96,710	80,215	25	15	10
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	25	20	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	15	0	15	10	10	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	40	20	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	160	65	90	130	70	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	185	100	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	15	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	10	10	0	10	95,270	56,280	38,990	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	15	20	30	15	15	166,695	79,410	87,280	45	30	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	15	45	50	25	25	149,185	68,865	80,320	20	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	10	25	15	10	106,855	50,615	56,240	15	0	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	10	10	0	112,350	65,830	46,520	50	35	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	75	40	40	90	45	40	371,310	189,920	181,390	130	70	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	5	5	5	109,065	56,315	52,750	35	25	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	80	45	35	262,245	133,605	128,640	95	50	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	40	20	25	55	30	25	264,905	135,505	129,395	95	55	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	0	5	0	0	82,880	42,755	40,130	25	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,535	34,945	32,590	25	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	20	50	30	25	182,020	92,755	89,270	70	40	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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