Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661425More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662089More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24663166More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	774	...	...	1,275	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	3,084	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	480	...	...	624	...	...	976,966	...	...	902	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	419	...	...	606	...	...	910,359	...	...	783	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10,502.0	...	...	3,782.3	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	2,742.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.07	...	...	0.34	...	...	498.29	...	...	1.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	770	405	370	1,275	455	820	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	3,085	1,145	1,940
0 to 14 years	85	40	50	100	50	50	309,765	158,545	151,225	210	100	115
0 to 4 years	35	20	20	30	20	10	99,195	50,760	48,435	70	35	35
5 to 9 years	30	10	20	35	15	20	106,985	54,660	52,320	65	30	35
10 to 14 years	25	5	15	35	15	20	103,590	53,120	50,470	70	35	40
15 to 64 years	635	345	285	565	265	300	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	810	345	470
15 to 19 years	30	15	20	55	30	25	97,525	49,340	48,180	70	25	40
20 to 24 years	65	35	30	60	25	30	140,025	70,895	69,125	45	25	20
25 to 29 years	105	45	60	50	25	25	165,525	83,630	81,895	70	35	30
30 to 34 years	120	70	55	65	35	30	157,725	78,995	78,730	70	25	40
35 to 39 years	75	45	25	60	35	30	149,265	74,115	75,155	90	40	50
40 to 44 years	80	50	30	60	30	25	142,365	70,920	71,445	90	35	60
45 to 49 years	55	35	20	45	15	25	125,505	62,690	62,815	90	40	55
50 to 54 years	35	25	15	60	30	30	121,710	61,735	59,975	75	35	35
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	55	25	30	125,465	63,810	61,655	85	35	50
60 to 64 years	25	15	15	65	25	45	118,065	57,920	60,140	130	40	90
65 years and over	55	25	35	610	140	470	351,325	151,210	200,120	2,060	705	1,360
65 to 69 years	15	5	15	95	25	65	99,325	46,730	52,595	110	45	65
70 to 74 years	25	10	15	120	35	80	86,030	39,185	46,845	135	55	80
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	110	25	80	63,215	27,320	35,895	195	65	130
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	110	20	90	46,875	18,960	27,915	240	50	190
85 years and over	5	0	0	180	25	150	55,885	19,015	36,870	1,380	485	890
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	115	10	100	33,210	12,200	21,010	640	35	600
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	45	15	35	17,780	5,610	12,170	695	440	250
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	20	5	20	4,290	1,075	3,210	40	5	30
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	610	125	480	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.0	9.9	13.5	7.8	11.0	6.1	15.5	16.1	14.8	6.8	8.7	5.9
15 to 64 years	82.5	85.2	77.0	44.3	58.2	36.6	67.0	68.5	65.6	26.3	30.1	24.2
65 years and over	7.1	6.2	9.5	47.8	30.8	57.3	17.5	15.4	19.6	66.8	61.6	70.1
85 years and over	0.6	0.0	0.0	14.1	5.5	18.3	2.8	1.9	3.6	44.7	42.4	45.9
Average age of the population	36.0	36.4	35.6	56.8	47.7	61.7	41.0	39.8	42.1	69.4	66.6	71.0
Median age of the population	34.0	35.2	33.2	63.2	47.2	69.5	39.6	38.4	40.4	81.0	77.5	82.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	420	...	...	605	...	...	910,360	...	...	780	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	175	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	65	...	...	34,075	...	...	145	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	15	...	...	110,440	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	355	...	...	265	...	...	479,885	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	260	...	...	148,935	...	...	455	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	420	...	...	610	...	...	910,355	...	...	785	...	...
1 person	195	...	...	375	...	...	367,400	...	...	340	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	155	...	...	271,730	...	...	270	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	40	...	...	118,205	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	30	...	...	98,205	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	10	...	...	54,820	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	775	405	370	960	365	600	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,535	655	880
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.6	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	690	365	325	1,175	405	770	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	2,870	1,045	1,825
Married or living common-law	305	160	140	360	180	180	822,440	414,330	408,115	785	380	400
Married	105	60	45	225	110	120	577,060	289,455	287,600	665	325	345
Living common-law	200	100	95	135	70	65	245,385	124,870	120,510	120	55	60
Living common law - Never married	180	95	85	100	50	50	207,040	104,785	102,250	75	40	35
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	10	25	15	15	32,295	16,915	15,380	35	15	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	5	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	385	205	180	815	225	590	872,060	410,935	461,125	2,090	670	1,425
Not married and not living common law - Never married	315	180	135	430	160	265	627,845	333,150	294,700	305	125	180
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	25	10	15	34,795	14,820	19,975	40	15	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	50	15	35	185	30	155	126,605	46,380	80,225	360	245	120
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	170	20	155	82,815	16,590	66,225	1,385	280	1,100
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	185	...	...	215	...	...	495,445	...	...	435	...	...
2 persons	125	...	...	140	...	...	251,075	...	...	260	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	40	...	...	107,265	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	93,300	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	210	...	...	495,445	...	...	430	...	...
Total couple families	150	...	...	160	...	...	395,645	...	...	365	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	95	...	...	273,070	...	...	305	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	40	...	...	162,745	...	...	130	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	60	...	...	110,325	...	...	175	...	...
Common-law couples	100	...	...	65	...	...	122,570	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	20	...	...	44,875	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	50	...	...	77,700	...	...	40	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	50	...	...	99,805	...	...	70	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	40	...	...	80,530	...	...	60	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	775	400	370	965	365	595	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,535	655	880
Total - Persons in census families	465	225	240	540	255	290	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	1,155	540	615
Married spouses or common-law partners	300	155	140	330	165	165	791,280	398,495	392,785	730	365	365
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	25	45	5	45	99,805	19,275	80,525	70	10	65
Children⁶	125	60	70	165	85	85	541,905	284,935	256,965	355	170	185
In a two-parent family	80	35	50	105	55	50	392,250	205,155	187,095	260	125	140
In a one-parent family	50	25	25	65	30	35	149,655	79,785	69,865	95	45	45
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	310	180	130	420	110	310	526,370	262,915	263,450	385	120	265
Living alone	195	120	70	375	95	280	367,395	175,660	191,740	335	95	240
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	10	5	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	30	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	110	55	50	35	10	30	109,690	65,235	44,455	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	415	...	...	605	...	...	910,360	...	...	785	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	175	...	...	210	...	...	455,970	...	...	415	...	...
Couple-family households	145	...	...	160	...	...	370,250	...	...	345	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	60	...	...	194,165	...	...	140	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	100	...	...	176,085	...	...	205	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	45	...	...	85,720	...	...	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	20	...	...	55,210	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	195	...	...	375	...	...	367,395	...	...	340	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	690	365	320	865	315	550	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,325	560	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	340	305	845	300	545	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	1,275	545	730
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	52,000	38,400	30,600	36,400	28,400	37,600	39,600	36,000	48,000	56,000	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	340	310	845	300	545	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,275	545	730
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,800	34,400	28,600	33,200	27,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	42,400	46,800	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	605	320	285	680	255	430	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	1,200	520	680
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	52,800	28,400	24,000	38,000	17,600	31,000	35,200	27,000	37,600	46,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	545	295	250	425	180	245	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	755	365	395
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	50,800	30,400	46,800	56,000	41,200	32,800	36,000	29,600	45,600	53,600	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	220	235	720	235	485	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	1,035	400	635
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,500	8,100	16,800	15,000	17,800	10,800	9,600	12,000	14,500	14,900	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	30	35	50	20	30	171,705	84,570	87,145	75	20	55
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,480	6,240	5,960	5,760	6,160	5,520	5,480	5,680	6,280	6,000	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	110	100	135	65	70	529,640	276,110	253,530	265	130	135
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	6,240	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	690	355	340	900	310	590	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,285	555	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	650	325	325	880	295	580	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	1,240	550	695
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,500	69,200	49,400	49,800	62,800	43,200	53,250	60,050	46,760	62,300	73,200	53,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	650	325	325	880	295	580	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	1,240	550	695
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	53,200	38,600	40,200	46,800	36,800	42,520	46,280	38,960	48,900	56,400	43,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	625	325	300	710	240	475	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	1,195	535	660
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,200	64,800	44,800	45,000	65,000	35,000	48,960	57,350	40,640	54,400	66,400	44,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	580	305	275	425	180	245	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	740	390	355
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	62,000	45,200	60,000	73,000	50,800	48,760	55,650	41,480	62,900	68,800	56,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	440	210	230	740	230	510	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	1,015	410	610
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,440	8,700	10,200	15,720	14,300	16,400	12,040	10,900	13,040	12,180	10,800	13,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	90	30	60	65	35	35	171,360	84,435	86,925	75	25	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	7,600	5,200	9,600	7,200	12,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	10,400	6,800	12,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	215	115	100	135	85	50	528,305	276,300	252,005	280	145	135
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	8,400	8,600	9,200	8,800	9,600	9,110	9,140	9,070	7,500	6,800	8,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	695	350	340	900	310	590	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,280	550	730
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	270	155	115	220	100	125	514,340	278,505	235,830	390	220	170
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	86,000	62,800	90,000	100,000	77,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	84,000	90,000	75,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,000	96,000	78,000	92,000	116,000	75,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	95,200	103,000	86,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	265	140	130	165	75	90	504,455	247,565	256,895	220	100	120
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	12,400	14,600	10,900	16,400	10,000	23,400	16,400	17,400	15,500	13,800	12,600	13,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	28,400	18,400	29,000	26,000	31,600	26,920	29,400	24,520	27,600	26,400	28,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	92.0	86.0	73.2	82.0	66.5	81.2	85.6	75.6	84.0	89.0	78.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	81.0	84.0	78.0	58.4	69.0	50.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	60.2	66.5	53.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.8	8.0	14.6	26.7	17.6	33.6	18.9	14.4	24.4	16.0	11.1	21.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.0	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.0	0.5	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.5	5.7	3.7	4.2	3.4	6.4	5.9	7.0	3.2	2.8	3.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.4	5.2	2.8	3.8	2.0	5.7	5.4	6.0	2.7	2.5	3.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	685	365	325	865	315	550	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,325	555	770
Without total income	40	30	15	20	15	5	65,020	32,205	32,820	50	10	40
With total income	650	340	310	845	305	545	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	1,275	545	730
Under $10,000 (including loss)	75	30	40	45	20	25	138,250	65,670	72,580	90	30	55
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	25	95	35	60	200,450	93,060	107,390	125	40	80
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	50	275	70	205	286,825	131,235	155,595	170	60	110
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	45	85	35	55	215,455	102,705	112,755	130	45	85
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	35	70	20	45	181,505	86,460	95,040	145	60	85
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	20	45	15	30	138,185	64,805	73,380	135	50	80
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	15	45	20	25	100,060	48,510	51,550	95	30	65
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	15	40	15	20	74,165	37,625	36,540	80	40	45
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	20	30	10	20	58,400	30,060	28,335	65	40	25
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	10	25	10	15	42,240	22,360	19,875	55	25	25
$100,000 and over	100	75	25	90	45	45	149,555	92,680	56,875	185	115	75
$100,000 to $149,999	60	40	15	70	30	35	90,980	53,275	37,705	115	70	45
$150,000 and over	45	35	10	25	15	10	58,575	39,405	19,170	70	45	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	685	365	325	865	315	550	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,325	555	770
Without after-tax income	40	25	15	20	15	5	64,605	32,005	32,605	50	10	40
With after-tax income	650	345	310	845	305	545	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,275	545	730
Under $10,000 (including loss)	75	30	50	50	25	25	144,275	67,955	76,320	95	30	65
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	30	105	40	65	210,975	98,495	112,480	145	50	95
$20,000 to $29,999	110	55	55	295	80	215	334,395	155,845	178,545	180	70	110
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	60	100	30	65	257,145	124,835	132,315	175	65	115
$40,000 to $49,999	75	45	30	70	20	50	204,980	97,805	107,175	190	75	110
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	25	65	30	30	139,760	67,315	72,450	150	55	95
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	45	20	25	93,705	46,700	47,005	95	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	15	45	20	30	61,765	31,815	29,945	80	40	40
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	25	15	15	38,975	21,640	17,335	40	20	20
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	15	5	10	25,855	14,955	10,900	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	50	35	15	35	20	10	73,695	48,025	25,665	105	70	35
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	20	15	10	33,165	20,265	12,905	55	30	20
$125,000 and over	25	20	5	10	10	5	40,530	27,765	12,760	50	40	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	685	365	325	865	315	550	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,325	555	770
Without employment income	145	70	70	440	135	310	495,060	212,405	282,660	570	195	375
With employment income	545	295	250	425	180	240	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	760	365	395
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	35	40	65	20	45	167,560	82,405	85,155	140	65	75
$5,000 to $9,999	50	20	30	40	20	25	111,575	52,975	58,595	60	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	50	20	30	40	20	20	151,350	72,815	78,530	75	30	45
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	20	10	10	116,030	56,295	59,730	40	10	25
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	25	5	20	108,120	55,225	52,890	35	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	10	25	10	15	104,250	51,950	52,300	55	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	20	30	10	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	50	15	35
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	30	15	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	45	15	30
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	15	20	15	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	50	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	20	40	15	25	46,000	24,150	21,850	40	25	20
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	25	10	10	31,345	18,120	13,230	40	15	20
$100,000 and over	95	70	25	70	40	30	115,575	74,545	41,030	135	85	45
$100,000 to $124,999	45	35	10	30	10	15	47,525	28,870	18,655	40	35	10
$125,000 and over	50	35	10	35	25	10	68,050	45,675	22,375	90	55	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	690	365	320	865	315	550	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,325	560	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	635	335	300	835	295	540	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	1,250	530	720
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	34,000	28,000	37,600	26,600	34,000	36,400	31,800	47,600	56,400	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	635	335	300	835	295	540	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	1,250	530	720
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,600	31,000	27,000	33,600	26,200	31,000	32,800	29,400	41,200	47,200	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	575	305	275	680	250	430	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	1,180	510	675
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	48,000	29,200	26,200	42,800	20,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	39,200	50,400	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	515	270	240	445	190	245	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	755	355	400
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,400	30,000	42,400	49,200	38,000	33,600	36,800	30,400	45,600	56,400	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	405	195	215	680	215	460	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	965	375	590
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,320	1,780	3,480	15,000	9,600	16,400	4,440	2,760	7,300	12,800	12,800	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	60	30	30	35	15	20	114,940	56,080	58,855	65	25	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	3,800	5,920	5,680	x	6,500	5,120	4,600	5,760	6,240	5,200	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	690	355	340	900	310	590	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,285	555	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	625	325	305	865	290	575	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	1,220	525	690
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	62,200	48,000	47,100	59,600	40,800	50,000	57,050	43,280	61,600	72,400	53,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	625	325	305	865	290	575	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	1,220	525	690
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	47,200	39,200	38,500	46,000	34,800	39,800	43,800	35,920	48,000	55,600	42,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	580	295	285	705	245	465	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	1,175	520	660
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,200	65,500	46,400	44,000	62,000	34,600	49,080	57,750	40,560	55,600	67,200	46,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	535	270	265	440	185	255	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	740	370	370
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600	63,600	47,200	56,800	71,000	46,400	48,720	55,750	41,240	64,800	71,600	58,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	205	195	695	200	495	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	910	360	550
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,500	4,000	7,000	13,920	11,300	15,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	10,300	8,880	11,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	25	35	60	35	25	114,595	55,675	58,915	50	20	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,400	8,500	11,600	4,400	22,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	8,800	6,000	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	695	350	340	900	310	590	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,280	550	730
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	265	155	115	230	100	130	507,645	274,575	233,070	390	220	170
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	75,000	67,000	81,000	94,000	51,600	54,400	58,400	50,400	81,000	86,000	71,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,000	84,000	74,000	81,000	108,000	61,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	91,600	98,000	83,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	225	110	120	155	65	85	462,020	227,495	234,530	205	85	120
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	18,400	20,600	32,000	30,800	34,000	21,800	23,200	20,400	16,600	13,100	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	36,000	27,600	41,000	38,000	43,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	32,000	31,200	32,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	96.0	90.0	76.4	88.0	68.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	87.6	92.0	83.2
Employment income (%)	85.0	84.0	86.0	61.6	76.0	51.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	64.4	70.0	58.8
Government transfers (%)	6.3	4.0	9.4	23.8	13.0	31.8	12.8	8.6	18.2	12.5	8.4	16.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.8	2.0	1.8	0.9	2.4	1.1	0.8	1.6	0.6	0.3	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	420	...	...	610	...	...	910,355	...	...	785	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	36,800	...	...	66,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	33,600	...	...	58,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	195	...	...	375	...	...	367,395	...	...	340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	25,600	...	...	38,000	...	...	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	25,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	220	...	...	230	...	...	542,960	...	...	445	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	68,800	...	...	92,700	...	...	103,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	55,600	...	...	74,100	...	...	81,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	395	...	...	367,255	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	32,800	...	...	49,760	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	30,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	49,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	240	...	...	543,100	...	...	435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	133,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	104,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	420	...	...	610	...	...	910,355	...	...	785	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	10	...	...	18,165	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	17,665	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	25,730	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	145	...	...	57,720	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	65	...	...	41,160	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	40,595	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	41,545	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	42,630	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	40,980	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	75,485	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	67,695	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	60,495	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	54,055	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	145	...	...	135	...	...	270,265	...	...	300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	40	...	...	85,635	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	56,205	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	62,095	...	...	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	35	...	...	66,335	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	420	...	...	610	...	...	910,355	...	...	785	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	17,965	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	27,485	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	140	...	...	63,030	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	80	...	...	49,660	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	48,815	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	51,055	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	50,890	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	47,120	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	35	...	...	85,490	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	75,625	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	65,530	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	54,850	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	90	...	...	197,490	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	35	...	...	78,870	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	45,905	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	35	...	...	72,715	...	...	70	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	185	...	...	215	...	...	501,830	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	105	...	...	179,195	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	60	...	...	208,260	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	178,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	139,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	50	...	...	95,875	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	74,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	67,000	...	...	59,600	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	180	125	410	105	305	477,085	240,895	236,195	355	110	245
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	42,400	29,400	26,000	25,600	26,000	34,400	34,800	34,000	50,800	57,600	48,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	35,600	28,200	26,000	25,200	26,000	31,200	31,200	31,200	43,200	47,600	42,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	175	...	...	220	...	...	501,905	...	...	430	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	103,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	110	...	...	179,455	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	70	...	...	208,375	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	176,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	136,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	40	...	...	95,455	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	330	185	150	435	90	340	476,520	240,280	236,245	320	100	225
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	56,000	41,000	33,000	34,000	32,600	45,520	46,520	44,560	62,000	71,000	57,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	43,200	29,600	30,000	30,400	29,900	37,600	37,920	37,280	49,600	56,000	46,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	775	405	370	960	360	600	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	1,540	655	880
0 to 17 years	105	45	60	115	55	55	365,020	186,710	178,315	250	115	140
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	35	20	15	120,615	61,615	58,995	85	40	50
18 to 64 years	615	335	280	450	210	245	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	745	330	415
65 years and over	55	25	35	400	100	295	317,425	140,270	177,155	540	210	325
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	150	80	70	290	95	195	321,885	154,370	167,510	175	60	115
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	10	5	0	54,265	27,870	26,395	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	5	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	120	70	50	95	55	45	197,020	99,310	97,710	85	35	50
65 years and over	15	5	10	185	35	150	70,600	27,185	43,415	55	10	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.2	20.0	19.0	30.0	25.6	32.8	16.4	16.0	16.9	11.3	9.6	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	20.0	12.0	6.0	10.0	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	14.0	14.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	20.0	x	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	5.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	20.0	18.0	21.2	25.0	18.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	11.8	11.0	12.8
65 years and over (%)	28.0	x	40.0	46.8	36.0	51.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	9.6	5.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	775	400	370	965	365	595	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	1,535	660	880
0 to 17 years	105	50	60	115	60	55	365,025	186,705	178,315	250	115	135
0 to 5 years	40	20	15	30	20	10	120,610	61,615	58,995	90	40	45
18 to 64 years	615	335	275	450	210	245	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	745	330	415
65 years and over	55	20	35	400	95	300	317,425	140,265	177,155	540	215	330
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	125	70	60	145	55	90	213,720	108,905	104,815	100	35	60
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	5	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	110	55	55	70	40	30	153,385	81,765	71,620	55	25	35
65 years and over	5	0	5	70	15	55	30,745	11,975	18,775	20	0	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.0	16.5	16.0	14.8	15.6	14.4	10.9	11.3	10.6	6.6	5.6	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	12.0	x	4.0	8.0	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	8.5	10.0	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	18.0	17.5	18.5	15.6	19.0	12.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	7.6	6.8	8.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	16.0	17.0	14.0	18.5	9.7	8.5	10.6	4.4	x	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	770	405	370	960	365	600	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	1,535	655	880
In bottom half of the distribution	445	220	225	600	200	395	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	700	280	425
In bottom decile	160	80	75	230	75	155	298,540	147,890	150,655	155	55	95
In second decile	90	45	45	155	45	110	244,435	115,985	128,450	100	35	65
In third decile	70	30	45	65	25	45	240,895	116,550	124,345	95	35	65
In fourth decile	50	25	25	85	35	50	218,125	105,885	112,240	205	85	120
In fifth decile	70	40	35	60	30	30	194,765	95,185	99,580	145	65	80
In top half of the distribution	330	185	145	365	160	205	762,590	384,140	378,450	835	380	460
In sixth decile	60	35	30	65	25	40	172,200	85,100	87,095	165	70	90
In seventh decile	45	25	20	55	25	35	156,540	78,290	78,250	165	80	85
In eighth decile	50	30	20	70	30	40	144,120	72,600	71,525	180	85	100
In ninth decile	80	45	30	100	50	55	134,265	68,285	65,980	165	65	105
In top decile	90	50	40	65	30	40	155,465	79,870	75,595	160	85	75
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	775	...	...	965	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	1,535	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.417	...	...	0.380	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.500	...	...	0.558	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.353	...	...	0.332	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.291	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.8	...	...	4.3	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	775	400	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
English only	60	45	20	35	20	10	262,290	133,690	128,600	1,200	450	750
French only	125	50	75	550	145	405	486,845	221,005	265,840	60	15	40
English and French	580	305	270	555	245	315	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	1,615	585	1,025
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	15	5	10	45,860	18,340	27,520	110	55	50
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	775	400	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
English	165	95	70	75	35	40	605,220	303,380	301,835	1,840	690	1,150
French	555	280	275	1,010	350	665	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	860	280	575
English and French	45	20	25	55	25	30	173,785	88,480	85,300	180	90	85
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	15	5	10	44,430	17,640	26,790	105	55	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	775	400	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
Single responses	735	380	355	1,120	395	725	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	2,895	1,070	1,820
Official languages	580	295	285	865	310	555	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	2,070	730	1,345
English	105	65	40	30	15	20	322,315	162,085	160,230	1,235	455	780
French	480	235	245	835	300	535	870,975	428,435	442,540	835	275	560
Non-official languages	150	85	70	260	90	170	643,275	311,525	331,750	825	345	480
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	15	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	15	5	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	85	70	260	90	170	642,820	311,370	331,445	810	340	470
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	15	10	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	60	25	35
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	15	10	10	112,200	59,320	52,880	55	25	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	15	10	10	107,605	56,960	50,645	55	25	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	5	20	37,690	16,985	20,705	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	10	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	5	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	55	45	155	45	110	329,415	158,980	170,435	470	195	275
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	5	15	10	10	37,235	16,405	20,835	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	5	15	10	10	36,800	16,245	20,555	30	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	5	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	5	5	0	5	17,695	7,755	9,935	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	5	0	5	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	5	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	125	40	80
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	115	40	75
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	110	35	75
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	5	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	5	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	17,080	8,125	8,955	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	30	10	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	20	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	20	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	5	5	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	35	125	35	90	183,755	87,295	96,460	260	115	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	50	10	35	63,560	29,680	33,880	165	65	95
Portuguese	15	10	5	30	5	25	19,465	9,245	10,215	35	20	20
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	15	10	10
Spanish	40	20	20	40	20	25	85,395	41,150	44,250	40	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	55	25	30	57,075	26,030	31,035	205	95	115
Chinese languages	15	5	5	55	25	30	56,890	25,955	30,935	205	95	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	45	20	25	37,985	17,270	20,715	175	80	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	15,185	6,995	8,195	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	15	40	20	20	143,450	71,980	71,470	85	45	40
English and French	25	15	15	15	5	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	40	25	20
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	15	10	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	775	400	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
English	95	60	35	30	10	15	340,470	170,050	170,425	1,410	510	900
French	450	220	230	840	280	560	779,125	383,000	396,125	530	170	360
Non-official language	35	15	15	90	35	50	204,395	96,705	107,690	310	145	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	90	35	50	204,315	96,670	107,645	310	145	165
English and French	95	55	45	75	25	45	173,135	89,205	83,935	320	115	200
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	10	5	10	135,390	66,995	68,400	220	90	125
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	65	30	35	180,900	85,935	94,965	50	15	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	35	15	20	154,470	76,450	78,020	130	55	70
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	12,130	5,690	6,435	10	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	775	400	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
Single responses	730	380	355	1,110	390	720	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	2,865	1,060	1,805
Official languages	670	350	315	980	335	645	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	2,435	865	1,575
English	155	90	60	50	25	30	479,850	239,270	240,580	1,770	650	1,115
French	515	260	255	930	310	615	956,130	471,155	484,975	665	215	455
Non-official languages	60	30	35	125	60	70	370,290	177,955	192,335	435	200	235
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	30	35	125	60	70	370,125	177,895	192,235	435	200	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	35	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	25	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	25	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	55	25	30	188,550	90,370	98,185	195	95	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	21,410	9,870	11,540	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	21,300	9,830	11,475	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,475	5,775	6,700	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	15	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	15	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	5	5	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	10	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	40	15	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	75	35	35
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	25	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	15	10	5
Spanish	15	5	10	30	15	20	54,335	26,035	28,300	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	50	25	20	43,570	20,275	23,295	170	75	95
Chinese languages	5	5	5	50	25	20	43,475	20,230	23,240	170	75	95
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	45	20	20	30,855	14,425	16,430	150	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	10,470	4,815	5,655	10	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20	55	25	25	173,745	85,640	88,110	110	55	60
English and French	20	15	5	15	5	5	53,305	27,065	26,240	45	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	50	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	30	15	15	57,355	27,790	29,565	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	15	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	775	405	370	1,160	415	740	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	2,980	1,115	1,865
None	610	320	295	1,000	350	645	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	2,345	870	1,470
English	60	35	25	60	20	40	131,630	67,290	64,340	160	60	100
French	45	20	25	25	10	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	205	80	130
Non-official language	25	10	15	40	20	25	144,335	69,210	75,130	165	60	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15	40	20	25	144,155	69,135	75,015	165	60	100
English and French	5	5	5	10	5	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	15	5	10	38,875	19,700	19,180	20	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	60	20	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,450	645	805
Official languages	765	400	365	1,000	375	625	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	1,375	615	760
English	660	355	305	555	235	320	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	1,325	595	725
French	680	345	340	980	360	620	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	1,030	460	570
Non-official languages	235	140	95	270	110	155	971,455	471,755	499,700	680	330	350
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	235	140	95	270	110	155	970,710	471,495	499,220	680	330	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	45	25	20	217,295	113,605	103,690	95	50	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	45	20	20	205,120	107,210	97,905	95	50	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	0	45	20	20	188,115	98,545	89,565	85	50	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	76,295	34,775	41,520	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	20	67,895	30,695	37,205	10	10	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	120	85	140	65	75	514,485	250,190	264,295	315	160	155
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	20	0	20	10	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	20	0	20	10	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	50	25	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	15	0	10
Russian	10	10	0	10	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	30	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	30	20	10
German	25	15	10	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	25	20	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	40	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	30	20	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	15	0	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	80	80	125	55	75	324,695	154,360	170,340	185	95	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	20	15	10	107,285	51,300	55,985	70	35	30
Portuguese	30	15	20	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	25	10	10
Spanish	150	75	75	80	35	40	193,835	91,345	102,490	105	55	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	25	0	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	25	20	68,485	31,760	36,720	220	110	110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	20	68,285	31,685	36,595	220	110	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	25	20	51,885	23,845	28,040	200	105	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	20	10	10	21,115	9,630	11,485	30	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,450	645	805
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	765	400	365	1,005	375	630	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	1,450	645	795
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,450	645	805
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	770	405	365	1,010	380	630	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	1,450	645	805
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	250	...	...	360,125	...	...	480	...	...
Renter	280	...	...	385	...	...	550,240	...	...	265	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Condominium	170	...	...	210	...	...	192,985	...	...	415	...	...
Not condominium	240	...	...	420	...	...	717,375	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	320	...	...	267,715	...	...	120	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	215	...	...	303,875	...	...	260	...	...
3 bedrooms	65	...	...	70	...	...	220,945	...	...	260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	285	...	...	465	...	...	501,570	...	...	320	...	...
5 rooms	95	...	...	75	...	...	166,230	...	...	165	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	35	...	...	78,495	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	30	...	...	58,850	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	25	...	...	105,210	...	...	115	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.7	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
One person or fewer per room	405	...	...	630	...	...	881,730	...	...	750	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Suitable	390	...	...	605	...	...	834,885	...	...	740	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	25	...	...	75,475	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
1960 or before	160	...	...	100	...	...	325,005	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	100	...	...	282,605	...	...	105	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	35	...	...	101,185	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	100	...	...	90	...	...	63,765	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	170	...	...	32,020	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	110	...	...	32,875	...	...	100	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...	20	...	...	35,320	...	...	50	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	25	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	385	...	...	620	...	...	833,540	...	...	745	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	15	...	...	76,815	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
One-maintainer household	250	...	...	465	...	...	543,605	...	...	455	...	...
Two-maintainer household	135	...	...	175	...	...	333,140	...	...	285	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...	0	...	...	33,620	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	415	...	...	630	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	10	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	120	...	...	60	...	...	162,375	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	75	...	...	171,535	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	100	...	...	45	...	...	155,520	...	...	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	85	...	...	156,865	...	...	150	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	145	...	...	122,825	...	...	105	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	130	...	...	70,345	...	...	195	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	75	...	...	29,930	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	400	...	...	635	...	...	902,485	...	...	745	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	270	...	...	365	...	...	686,075	...	...	490	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	125	...	...	270	...	...	216,410	...	...	250	...	...
30% to less than 100%	110	...	...	235	...	...	189,795	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	415	...	...	635	...	...	910,360	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	175	...	...	295	...	...	330,635	...	...	260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	120	...	...	255	...	...	186,350	...	...	250	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	15	...	...	56,480	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	10	...	...	50,745	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	240	...	...	340	...	...	579,720	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	375	...	...	600	...	...	875,865	...	...	720	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	160	...	...	87,945	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	350	...	...	445	...	...	787,925	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	250	...	...	360,120	...	...	480	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.5	...	...	56.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	66.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.2	...	...	16.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	18.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	5.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,740	...	...	1,250	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,470	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,920	...	...	1,530	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,660	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	468,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	540,000	...	...	528,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	602,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280	...	...	385	...	...	550,235	...	...	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.7	...	...	48.1	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.7	...	...	59.7	...	...	28.4	...	...	61.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.2	...	...	39.7	...	...	14.6	...	...	7.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,100	...	...	890	...	...	2,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	1,004	...	...	987	...	...	2,000	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	1,455	650	805
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	45	15	25	15	10	10	30,345	13,805	16,540	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	45	15	25	15	10	10	30,095	13,720	16,370	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	15	25	15	10	10	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	720	385	335	995	370	620	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	1,440	640	800
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	1,450	650	805
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	570	295	270	950	345	600	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	1,270	565	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	110	70	45	120	70	50	322,965	164,980	157,985	170	85	85
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	460	230	230	830	275	550	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	1,100	485	620
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	200	110	90	65	35	35	313,410	160,530	152,885	185	85	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	1,450	650	805
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	435	220	215	760	260	500	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	925	400	520
Immigrants⁸¹	180	95	80	230	105	120	652,730	313,955	338,770	470	220	250
Before 1980	15	10	10	45	20	30	108,265	50,530	57,735	115	45	70
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	15	0	10	69,695	34,150	35,545	55	30	30
1991 to 2000	20	15	0	30	20	10	106,810	50,520	56,290	50	20	30
2001 to 2010	65	35	30	75	25	45	154,780	74,520	80,255	100	45	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	40	25	65	40	25	213,175	104,225	108,950	140	75	65
2011 to 2015	25	15	0	30	15	15	99,070	48,005	51,065	85	50	40
2016 to 2021	40	20	25	35	25	10	114,110	56,220	57,885	55	25	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	90	65	20	10	10	138,240	75,380	62,860	60	25	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	180	95	80	230	105	125	652,725	313,955	338,770	475	220	250
Under 5 years	0	0	0	10	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	75	30	45
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	30	20	10	103,285	51,965	51,320	55	35	25
15 to 24 years	25	25	0	40	20	20	118,475	53,035	65,440	65	35	25
25 to 44 years	130	65	70	120	50	65	326,320	158,620	167,700	240	95	140
45 years and over	0	0	0	30	10	20	51,660	23,520	28,140	45	20	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	180	95	80	230	105	125	652,725	313,955	338,770	475	220	250
Americas	60	30	25	55	25	30	137,955	63,465	74,485	70	35	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	20	15	0	20	15	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	10	48,570	21,555	27,015	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	20	0	15	33,410	15,245	18,160	35	20	10
Europe	85	50	35	75	35	40	158,795	76,610	82,190	125	55	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	60	30	30	30	10	20	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	10	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	15	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	35	15	20
Africa	30	15	15	55	20	35	152,205	77,515	74,690	25	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	15	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	15	0	15	47,960	24,705	23,260	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	50	30	25	202,715	95,775	106,935	250	110	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	20	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	40	25	20	32,815	14,710	18,100	105	55	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	20	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	45	25	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	20	20	30	25	10	114,110	56,220	57,885	55	30	30
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	15	10	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	25	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	10	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,450	645	805
First generation¹⁰⁰	355	190	165	250	115	135	813,905	400,325	413,580	545	250	295
Second generation¹⁰¹	125	65	55	110	40	65	424,225	212,755	211,475	320	170	155
Third generation or more¹⁰²	290	145	145	655	225	435	721,230	352,590	368,630	585	230	355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	90	75	180	90	95	544,455	263,425	281,040	350	175	180
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	85	50	110	60	45	303,105	155,090	148,020	250	125	125
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	95	65	30	70	40	35	151,015	87,200	63,815	115	65	50
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	25	40	20	20	152,090	67,890	84,205	135	55	75
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	0	15	30	10	15	146,645	59,645	87,000	65	35	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	40	15	25	85,165	44,145	41,025	30	15	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	90	75	180	90	95	544,455	263,425	281,040	350	175	180
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	25	0	20	53,655	28,340	25,310	10	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	30	25	10	0	10	56,685	26,490	30,195	15	0	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	35	20	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	15	10	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	35	20	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	60	35	25	120	65	60	387,815	184,015	203,795	250	120	130
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	1,450	645	805
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	180	110	80	170	80	95	737,510	363,785	373,725	500	255	250
South Asian	0	0	0	10	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	55	35	20
Chinese	10	0	10	50	25	25	69,985	32,190	37,795	240	115	125
Black	25	15	10	45	15	35	208,805	101,125	107,680	25	10	15
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	15	0	10
Arab	25	25	0	30	20	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	50	30	20
Latin American	70	40	35	30	15	10	82,550	40,580	41,970	65	35	30
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	25	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	10	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	590	295	285	845	305	540	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	945	390	555
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	1,450	650	805
Canadian	70	45	30	230	75	155	241,015	115,880	125,135	155	80	75
English	30	0	25	15	0	15	59,710	30,025	29,685	145	40	105
Irish	55	25	30	25	10	15	102,325	48,885	53,440	150	70	75
Scottish	30	15	20	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	120	30	85
French, n.o.s.¹²²	310	130	180	300	95	205	336,880	169,710	167,170	215	45	165
German	25	15	15	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	20	10	10
Chinese	25	10	20	55	30	25	74,630	34,410	40,220	250	125	125
Italian	95	45	55	50	25	25	156,025	76,485	79,535	125	50	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	25	20	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	45	20	25
Québécois	25	10	15	165	85	80	108,910	54,650	54,260	15	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	60	25	30
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	15	0	10
French Canadian	35	20	15	65	30	35	66,400	31,740	34,655	50	15	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	0	10	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	30	20	10
Russian	15	10	0	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	15	15	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	30	0	25	15	0	15	35,975	17,775	18,200	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	15	10	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	30	10	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	20	0	15	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	45	30	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	25	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	30	25	15
Lebanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	25	15	10
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	10	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	0	15	82,590	38,735	43,855	10	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	20	15	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	20	15	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	25	15	10	15	10	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	25	10	20	44,795	22,825	21,970	30	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	25	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	15	0	15
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	10	10	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	20	10	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	15	0	15
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	0	10	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	770	405	365	1,015	380	635	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	1,450	645	800
Buddhist	15	10	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	25	10	20
Christian	190	80	110	565	155	415	969,945	451,410	518,540	830	335	495
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	20	10	10	15	0	0	116,635	55,545	61,090	55	15	45
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	55	30	25
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	20	10	15
Catholic	170	70	100	495	135	360	675,695	314,690	361,010	620	250	370
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	35	10	25	68,635	32,680	35,950	35	15	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	15	10	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	30	10	20
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	70	40	30
Muslim	20	15	10	90	45	45	233,440	121,145	112,290	75	40	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	530	295	230	345	175	170	590,140	310,985	279,165	425	200	220
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	755	395	360	1,010	375	635	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	1,425	635	785
Non-movers	625	330	295	855	315	545	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	1,145	505	640
Movers	135	70	65	150	60	95	255,365	129,500	125,865	275	130	150
Non-migrants	80	45	40	130	50	80	186,805	94,745	92,055	110	45	70
Migrants	50	20	30	20	10	10	68,560	34,750	33,810	165	80	80
Internal migrants	20	0	20	20	10	10	37,680	18,795	18,885	145	75	70
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10	20	10	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	140	70	70
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	30	20	15	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	15	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	745	390	355	970	340	630	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	1,365	605	760
Non-movers	300	125	170	555	180	375	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	365	165	205
Movers	445	265	185	415	160	255	821,475	413,250	408,230	1,000	440	560
Non-migrants	215	135	85	300	105	195	433,700	216,030	217,670	225	105	120
Migrants	225	130	95	115	55	65	387,770	197,215	190,560	775	335	435
Internal migrants	65	40	30	80	35	50	190,035	93,955	96,075	655	280	375
Intraprovincial migrants	40	25	15	75	25	50	159,710	78,770	80,940	630	265	365
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	20	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	25	15	10
External migrants	160	90	65	30	20	15	197,735	103,260	94,485	115	55	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	695	355	340	900	310	590	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,285	550	730
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	25	40	210	60	155	274,820	136,500	138,320	95	35	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	625	325	300	690	250	435	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	1,190	525	670
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	500	265	240	425	195	230	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	680	305	375
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	25	20	10	121,295	65,950	55,345	20	10	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	500	265	240	395	175	225	975,700	481,690	494,005	660	295	365
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	690	355	335	900	310	590	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,285	555	730
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	30	40	205	55	150	247,460	120,840	126,625	80	25	50
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	35	30	140	35	110	319,755	162,520	157,240	255	110	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	560	290	270	555	220	335	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	945	420	525
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	70	70	195	60	130	473,060	232,855	240,210	430	160	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	20	50	15	30	146,170	81,740	64,425	70	20	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	20	20	25	0	20	106,110	54,025	52,085	50	15	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	25	10	15	40,055	27,715	12,340	25	10	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	40	45	105	40	70	260,845	122,345	138,495	295	115	180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	0	40	10	35	66,045	28,760	37,285	65	25	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	415	220	195	365	155	205	609,855	291,355	318,505	515	255	260
Bachelor's degree	165	90	80	180	75	100	344,605	160,320	184,285	310	140	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	30	25	55	10	45	58,945	27,280	31,665	50	35	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	10	0	0
Master's degree	155	80	70	100	65	35	159,510	78,325	81,190	130	60	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	20	0	15	29,905	17,040	12,865	20	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	500	265	235	425	195	230	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	680	305	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	25	15	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	20	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	35	30	0	25	15	10	162,205	88,420	73,785	65	20	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	465	235	225	375	165	210	831,975	403,420	428,555	600	275	325
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	50	45	100	50	55	333,160	167,260	165,895	225	95	135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	10	20	25	20	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	25	0	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	20	15	10	0	81,090	40,585	40,505	15	0	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	15	10	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	35	30	55	25	25	174,185	84,745	89,445	165	80	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	0	20	48,580	21,830	26,755	40	10	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	370	185	180	270	120	155	498,815	236,155	262,665	370	180	190
Bachelor's degree	135	65	65	130	55	70	276,640	128,890	147,745	235	110	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	25	35	0	30	48,390	21,995	26,395	30	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	10	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	150	75	70	80	50	35	137,150	66,720	70,430	95	35	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	15	0	15	23,735	12,795	10,935	15	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	690	355	340	905	315	590	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,285	555	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	65	70	340	90	250	567,220	283,355	283,860	340	135	200
Education	10	0	10	35	15	20	56,030	12,985	43,045	60	10	45
13. Education	10	0	10	35	15	20	56,030	12,985	43,045	60	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	50	60	25	10	20	69,210	32,705	36,505	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	50	55	25	10	20	61,135	27,085	34,045	20	0	15
Humanities	55	30	20	45	10	30	78,920	30,815	48,110	40	20	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	15	10	10	15,135	3,710	11,430	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	28,165	11,870	16,295	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	35	45	100	20	75	157,220	58,185	99,040	130	40	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	20	0	20	23,760	8,265	15,495	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	18,245	2,110	16,130	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	35	0	30	28,365	11,670	16,690	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	30	15	15	59,300	29,185	30,110	65	20	40
Business, management and public administration	115	50	65	160	85	80	248,895	110,950	137,945	320	145	170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	10	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	115	50	65	150	75	80	237,125	108,040	129,090	305	140	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	15	10	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	45	0	35	20	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	60	55	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	0	25	20	10	53,075	39,595	13,480	40	35	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	75	45	25	60	45	10	173,380	143,615	29,765	130	90	40
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	30	20	30	25	10	78,800	61,515	17,290	95	60	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	20,645	19,920	730	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	0	25	80	0	75	122,295	30,795	91,495	90	15	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	25	75	0	75	109,185	24,140	85,045	85	15	70
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	20	10	0	0	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	35	10	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	10	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	25	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	10	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	500	265	235	425	195	230	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	680	310	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	25	10	45	30	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	85	30	50
Education	10	0	10	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10
13. Education	10	0	10	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	45	45	20	0	15	54,840	26,500	28,340	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	40	45	20	0	15	48,205	21,870	26,335	20	0	15
Humanities	40	25	15	25	10	15	52,565	20,765	31,805	15	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	10	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	25	40	65	15	45	121,985	44,105	77,880	115	35	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	15	0	15	20,165	6,920	13,245	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	15	0	15	22,425	8,630	13,785	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	30	15	15	44,580	21,945	22,635	65	20	35
Business, management and public administration	95	35	60	115	60	55	199,525	87,920	111,600	225	105	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	35	60	115	60	55	190,410	85,600	104,810	215	100	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	0	15	10	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	35	25	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	35	0	25	20	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	45	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	0	25	20	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	30	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	45	20	55	45	10	137,395	112,025	25,370	95	65	25
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	30	15	25	20	10	66,210	51,090	15,115	65	35	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	15,275	14,660	615	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	25	55	0	50	92,595	23,265	69,330	35	0	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	45	0	45	82,410	18,370	64,045	35	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	0	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	500	265	235	425	195	230	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	680	310	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	25	10	45	30	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	85	30	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	465	240	230	370	160	210	831,975	403,415	428,560	595	270	325
Location of study inside Canada	300	140	150	305	135	170	598,455	286,340	312,115	470	230	240
Same as province or territory of residence	265	120	145	295	120	170	566,540	270,160	296,380	450	210	240
Different than province or territory of residence	30	20	10	10	10	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	20	20	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	170	95	75	70	30	35	233,520	117,075	116,445	125	45	85
Americas	50	20	30	10	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	30	10	20
United States of America	15	0	10	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	25	10	15
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	100	60	40	35	15	20	74,705	39,515	35,190	25	10	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	80	45	35	25	15	10	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	15	10	10	65,125	28,945	36,180	70	20	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	10	10	13,220	5,865	7,360	40	15	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	690	355	335	900	310	590	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,285	555	730
In the labour force	550	300	255	435	195	240	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	630	335	295
Employed	505	275	230	365	165	200	971,245	502,885	468,360	570	305	265
Unemployed	50	25	25	70	30	40	110,395	58,460	51,935	60	30	35
Not in the labour force	140	55	85	460	120	350	568,495	246,215	322,280	655	220	435
Participation rate	79.7	84.5	76.1	48.3	62.9	40.7	65.5	69.5	61.8	49.0	60.4	40.4
Employment rate	73.2	77.5	68.7	40.6	53.2	33.9	58.9	62.3	55.6	44.4	55.0	36.3
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.3	9.8	16.1	15.4	16.7	10.2	10.4	10.0	9.5	9.0	11.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	690	355	340	905	315	590	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,285	555	730
Did not work¹⁸⁶	125	45	80	500	140	360	582,470	253,075	329,400	655	220	430
Worked	570	315	260	405	175	230	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	630	330	305
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	270	150	120	235	100	140	529,400	287,950	241,450	395	220	175
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	300	160	140	165	75	95	538,265	266,540	271,725	235	105	130
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.7	38.4	39.0	40.9	38.4	42.8	39.7	40.2	39.3	43.3	44.4	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	550	300	255	435	195	240	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	635	335	300
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	40	10	25	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	545	295	250	395	180	220	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	615	330	285
Employee	450	230	215	360	170	200	907,745	457,830	449,915	515	260	255
Permanent position	360	170	185	315	145	170	741,830	380,445	361,385	450	230	215
Temporary position	85	60	35	50	20	25	165,915	77,385	88,530	65	25	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	30	15	15	25	0	15	69,690	31,285	38,405	25	10	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	55	40	15	30	20	10	96,225	46,100	50,120	45	20	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	95	60	35	35	15	20	142,380	88,145	54,230	100	65	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	550	300	255	435	195	240	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	635	335	300
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	40	10	25	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	545	295	250	395	180	220	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	615	330	285
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	10	15	0	10	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	115	55	60	125	45	75	207,660	79,975	127,685	185	90	95
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	60	55	10	75	60	10	114,775	85,780	28,990	110	80	35
3 Health occupations	35	10	25	45	0	45	85,545	21,700	63,845	30	10	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	45	40	40	0	35	140,500	46,385	94,115	85	25	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	60	40	25	10	10	61,790	31,615	30,175	10	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	100	50	50	50	20	30	263,055	135,300	127,750	135	65	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	10	10	20	20	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	35	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	20	15	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	550	300	255	435	195	240	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	635	335	300
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	40	10	25	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	15
All industries¹⁹¹	545	295	250	395	180	220	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	615	330	285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	0	0	15	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	35	20	10
31-33 Manufacturing	35	20	10	35	25	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	70	50	20
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	0	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	40	35	10
44-45 Retail trade	35	15	20	50	20	25	111,555	56,180	55,375	65	30	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	10	0	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	35	15	25
51 Information and cultural industries	55	35	20	35	15	15	43,110	26,250	16,865	25	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	30	15	15	20	10	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	45	25	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0	15	10	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	90	40	65	35	30	130,405	75,750	54,655	90	60	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	0	0	0	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	10	0	10
61 Educational services	70	30	45	30	10	15	95,290	34,510	60,780	70	20	50
62 Health care and social assistance	50	20	30	50	10	40	142,545	36,095	106,450	55	25	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	10	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	10	10	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	20	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	20	10	10	43,990	17,935	26,050	15	0	10
91 Public administration	25	10	15	35	15	25	42,120	20,455	21,665	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	590	320	275	410	180	230	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	660	355	310
English	105	75	30	25	10	20	201,310	110,165	91,150	225	130	100
French	200	90	110	200	85	115	416,430	206,170	210,265	60	30	25
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	10	0	0
English and French	255	130	120	160	75	85	473,485	249,700	223,785	330	170	160
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	10	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	25	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	590	320	275	410	180	230	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	660	355	310
Single responses	535	290	245	390	175	210	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	595	320	275
Official languages	530	285	245	375	165	210	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	590	320	270
English	205	120	80	65	40	25	361,715	194,885	166,835	425	235	190
French	330	165	165	310	125	180	645,885	327,180	318,705	165	85	80
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	25	20	0	15	126,180	65,940	60,240	65	30	40
English and French	50	30	20	20	0	15	116,535	60,925	55,605	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	590	320	275	410	180	230	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	660	355	310
None	360	200	165	245	100	150	743,180	381,875	361,305	360	190	165
English	120	70	50	105	45	55	219,885	116,455	103,430	90	45	50
French	85	35	55	35	30	10	149,470	78,495	70,975	175	95	85
Non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10	16,645	8,685	7,960	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	15	10	10	16,555	8,655	7,900	15	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	505	270	230	365	165	200	971,245	502,885	468,360	570	305	265
Worked at home	270	170	95	175	80	90	298,820	151,335	147,485	240	120	120
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	25	25	0	15	0	10	89,120	62,795	26,325	20	10	10
Usual place of work	200	70	130	175	70	100	580,035	286,695	293,340	305	170	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	200	70	130	175	70	100	580,035	286,695	293,340	310	170	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	185	65	120	140	55	85	427,475	202,010	225,465	95	30	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	0	10	10	10	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	190	120	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	25	10	20	58,865	35,690	23,175	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	225	90	135	195	80	110	669,150	349,485	319,665	325	180	145
Car, truck or van	60	35	20	90	45	45	395,615	229,315	166,300	240	140	100
Car, truck or van - as a driver	55	35	15	85	45	40	365,770	218,475	147,295	235	140	90
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	0	0	0
Public transit	85	25	60	55	25	30	177,860	74,605	103,260	35	15	20
Walked	40	20	20	25	10	15	61,160	26,300	34,860	30	15	15
Bicycle	30	0	25	20	0	15	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	225	90	135	195	80	110	669,150	349,485	319,665	325	180	145
Less than 15 minutes	25	0	25	20	0	20	125,240	61,185	64,055	105	40	65
15 to 29 minutes	115	45	70	55	10	45	241,005	129,590	111,420	135	85	45
30 to 44 minutes	35	15	25	60	40	20	176,925	96,710	80,215	40	30	10
45 to 59 minutes	30	20	15	40	20	20	67,635	33,110	34,530	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	20	0	15	15	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	40	15	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	225	90	135	195	80	110	669,150	349,485	319,665	325	180	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	15	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	15	10	45	20	25	95,270	56,280	38,990	60	45	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	45	0	45	40	15	25	166,695	79,410	87,280	95	55	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	15	35	55	20	40	149,185	68,865	80,320	80	35	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	25	20	20	10	10	106,855	50,615	56,240	60	25	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	25	25	25	10	10	112,350	65,830	46,520	25	20	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	45	60	115	60	55	371,310	189,920	181,390	255	115	140
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	20	10	5	109,065	56,315	52,750	120	50	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	40	55	100	45	50	262,245	133,605	128,640	135	65	70
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	25	45	80	40	45	264,905	135,505	129,395	175	75	95
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	15	5	10	82,880	42,755	40,130	95	40	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	10	5	5	67,535	34,945	32,590	75	35	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	5	5	5	5	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	40	70	30	35	182,020	92,755	89,270	80	35	45

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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