Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661352More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661458More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	673	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	362	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	350	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	208	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	334	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,259.1	...	...	6.5	...	...	18,659.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.21	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	675	305	365	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	365	170	190
0 to 14 years	115	55	60	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	50	30	30
0 to 4 years	35	15	15	422,980	217,145	205,840	20	5	10
5 to 9 years	45	20	25	478,955	245,295	233,665	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	35	15	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	420	195	225	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	285	135	155
15 to 19 years	30	25	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	5	5	0
20 to 24 years	55	25	30	460,660	235,250	225,405	25	10	15
25 to 29 years	40	20	15	527,150	266,455	260,700	45	20	25
30 to 34 years	35	15	20	536,040	267,770	268,270	65	25	40
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	550,425	274,350	276,075	40	20	25
40 to 44 years	55	25	30	572,565	286,405	286,160	30	15	15
45 to 49 years	50	25	25	516,465	259,565	256,905	30	20	15
50 to 54 years	40	15	20	522,935	262,610	260,325	15	5	10
55 to 59 years	40	10	30	615,690	307,230	308,465	15	10	10
60 to 64 years	45	15	30	625,610	307,710	317,900	15	10	0
65 years and over	140	60	85	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	20	10	15
65 to 69 years	45	25	20	541,970	264,020	277,950	5	5	5
70 to 74 years	40	15	30	455,900	217,985	237,910	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	20	5	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	0	0	0
85 years and over	10	10	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	18.0	16.4	16.4	17.0	15.8	13.7	17.6	15.8
15 to 64 years	62.2	63.9	61.6	63.0	63.9	62.1	78.1	79.4	81.6
65 years and over	20.7	19.7	23.3	20.6	19.1	22.1	5.5	5.9	7.9
85 years and over	1.5	3.3	1.4	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.4	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	41.6	39.2	43.6	42.8	41.8	43.7	35.3	35.6	35.0
Median age of the population	42.4	39.2	44.8	43.2	42.0	44.0	34.0	34.8	33.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	271,245	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	305	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
1 person	145	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	480,135	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	427,605	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	670	305	365	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	360	170	195
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	560	250	310	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	310	140	165
Married or living common-law	245	120	125	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	135	70	65
Married	160	80	75	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	40	25	15
Living common-law	85	45	45	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	95	50	45
Living common law - Never married	75	35	35	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	85	45	40
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	10	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	315	130	185	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	175	75	100
Not married and not living common law - Never married	215	95	115	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	150	65	85
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	10	0	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	20	50	494,210	197,455	296,755	10	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	15	380,100	89,515	290,580	5	5	0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	170	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	454,980	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	412,850	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	85	...	...
Total couple families	120	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	65	...	...
Married couples	75	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	502,020	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	609,605	...	...	10	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	828,005	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	401,885	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	426,120	...	...	35	...	...
Total one-parent families	50	...	...	383,775	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	284,025	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	670	300	370	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	360	170	195
Total - Persons in census families	480	230	255	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	230	110	115
Married spouses or common-law partners	240	120	120	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	135	70	65
Parents in one-parent families	45	15	35	383,780	99,755	284,020	20	5	15
Children⁶	185	95	95	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	75	40	35
In a two-parent family	120	60	65	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	45	20	25
In a one-parent family	65	30	35	585,820	317,400	268,415	30	20	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	190	75	120	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	135	55	75
Living alone	140	50	95	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	95	40	50
Living with other relatives⁷	5	5	0	165,070	74,060	91,005	5	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	45	25	20	268,810	158,325	110,485	35	15	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	165	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	85	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	851,835	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	982,260	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...	331,395	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	139,280	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	145	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	90	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	555	250	305	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	310	145	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	235	305	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	300	140	160
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	39,600	46,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	40,400	45,200	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	235	305	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	300	140	160
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	36,400	40,800	36,400	39,200	33,600	36,400	40,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	470	205	265	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	275	125	145
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	40,000	43,200	33,600	39,600	28,000	33,200	39,200	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	175	215	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	250	120	130
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	43,200	47,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	34,000	39,600	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	160	245	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	240	95	140
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	13,100	11,900	11,500	10,200	12,300	8,700	8,300	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	10	25	837,635	441,080	396,550	40	15	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	x	5,720	5,520	5,520	5,600	6,320	x	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	150	65	85	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	110	50	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	10,500	8,200	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	515	235	280	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	300	150	145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	500	225	275	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	275	135	140
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,400	58,800	58,400	51,160	57,550	44,960	60,800	77,000	45,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	500	225	275	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	275	135	140
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	44,800	46,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	44,800	52,000	37,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	190	240	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	250	125	120
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	56,800	54,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	58,400	75,000	41,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	165	200	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	220	115	105
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	52,800	48,400	46,240	51,950	40,040	63,600	79,000	47,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	375	165	215	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	215	90	130
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,750	13,800	13,700	12,410	11,500	13,220	11,700	13,600	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35	25	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	50	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	4,800	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	7,600	8,000	7,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	140	65	75	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	90	55	35
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,800	9,600	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,600	9,600	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	520	235	280	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	295	150	145
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	140	55	85	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	105	50	55
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	97,000	75,000	58,400	62,800	53,600	66,000	78,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,000	108,000	84,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	78,000	96,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	90	90	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	95	60	40
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	12,400	12,400	8,400	18,600	21,400	16,600	14,100	9,500	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	23,600	25,600	28,160	32,120	24,360	24,400	26,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	82.0	82.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	84.0	88.0	78.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.0	65.0	60.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	82.0	88.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.8	17.2	18.4	20.1	15.8	25.6	15.0	11.2	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.8	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.4	1.8	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	6.0	4.9	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.3	5.6	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	5.6	4.0	4.6	4.3	5.1	4.8	5.2	3.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	560	250	310	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	310	140	165
Without total income	20	10	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	10	5
With total income	535	235	300	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	300	135	165
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	809,375	334,315	475,065	30	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	95	35	60	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	50	15	30
$30,000 to $39,999	45	25	20	896,520	414,070	482,445	45	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	40	10	30	849,005	411,680	437,325	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	30	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	25	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	20	5	15
$80,000 to $89,999	30	10	20	284,690	158,760	125,930	15	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	15	198,140	112,355	85,780	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	100	50	50	556,780	365,700	191,080	25	20	5
$100,000 to $149,999	55	30	25	385,890	245,635	140,260	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	45	20	25	170,890	120,065	50,820	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	560	250	310	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	310	140	165
Without after-tax income	20	10	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	10	5
With after-tax income	535	235	300	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	300	135	165
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	495,035	214,000	281,030	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	853,250	356,480	496,765	40	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	110	45	65	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	55	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	25	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	50	20	30
$40,000 to $49,999	55	20	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	45	15	30	691,015	372,870	318,145	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	20	459,665	251,490	208,170	25	5	15
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	20	292,135	160,985	131,150	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	50	25	30	229,765	156,750	73,020	15	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	15	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	30	15	15	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	560	250	310	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	310	140	165
Without employment income	170	80	95	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	60	25	35
With employment income	390	175	215	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	250	120	130
Under $5,000 (including loss)	65	30	35	644,075	331,770	312,300	25	15	10
$5,000 to $9,999	40	15	30	401,185	180,585	220,595	20	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	30	20	15	603,350	273,725	329,620	45	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	15	495,105	228,670	266,435	25	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	5	488,000	239,620	248,380	25	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	15	320,700	184,770	135,935	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	250,635	147,020	103,615	20	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	15	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	10	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	80	40	40	422,055	285,910	136,145	20	15	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	205,085	133,500	71,585	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	55	30	25	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	10	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	555	250	305	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	310	145	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	520	225	290	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	300	135	160
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	43,600	46,800	38,400	43,200	34,000	37,200	43,200	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	520	225	290	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	300	135	160
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	39,200	42,400	34,000	37,600	30,600	34,000	37,600	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	200	255	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	275	130	145
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	44,000	48,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	35,600	43,200	30,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	180	210	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	255	120	130
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	41,200	46,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	35,600	43,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	380	150	230	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	225	90	135
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	2,940	7,400	7,800	5,640	9,100	1,900	1,520	1,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	15	20	727,165	390,255	336,910	35	15	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,160	x	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	515	235	280	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	300	150	145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	225	270	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	275	135	145
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,400	62,000	53,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	52,000	65,000	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	225	270	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	275	135	145
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,000	47,600	42,800	39,600	44,000	35,320	42,000	51,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	420	190	230	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	255	130	125
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,000	65,000	54,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	50,800	65,000	36,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	170	195	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	235	120	115
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	55,200	50,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	53,600	67,000	39,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	155	210	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	210	85	125
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,240	8,800	9,500	9,450	8,430	10,320	7,050	5,200	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	15	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	25	0	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	5,000	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	10,000	...	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	520	235	280	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	295	150	145
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	140	55	85	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	105	50	55
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	91,000	67,500	54,800	60,000	49,200	57,200	72,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	94,000	108,000	84,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	76,000	96,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	95	90	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	90	60	35
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,100	10,700	17,000	23,600	27,200	21,000	15,000	15,000	14,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	30,000	29,600	33,000	37,800	28,360	27,200	31,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	90.0	86.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	90.0	96.0	80.0
Employment income (%)	69.0	69.0	69.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	86.0	92.0	78.0
Government transfers (%)	12.0	10.0	14.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	10.2	4.8	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.6	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.8	x	4.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	63,200	...	...	52,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	190	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	75,200	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	51,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	218,185	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	144,420	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	143,285	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	310,880	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	280,505	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	307,835	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	239,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	335	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	177,135	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	180,150	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	356,325	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	216,370	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	892,775	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	387,835	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	225,830	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	279,105	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	175	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	991,710	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	907,765	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	368,845	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	61,600	...	...	41,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	190	70	120	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	130	60	70
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,400	24,400	28,000	36,800	39,200	34,800	38,800	38,400	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,800	23,600	26,800	33,200	34,800	31,600	34,400	33,200	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	160	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	992,110	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	909,160	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	195,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	367,155	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	175	65	110	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	140	85	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	48,000	49,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	58,000	60,000	56,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,000	39,500	38,040	39,400	36,640	44,000	46,000	44,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	675	305	370	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	365	170	190
0 to 17 years	140	70	75	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	55	30	30
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	515,725	264,785	250,935	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	390	175	215	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	285	130	155
65 years and over	140	60	85	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	20	10	10
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	115	50	60	992,235	463,295	528,940	70	30	40
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	55	20	35
65 years and over	55	15	40	317,235	124,865	192,370	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.8	16.5	17.5	11.9	11.2	12.7	19.0	18.0	20.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	6.0	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	16.0	12.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	20.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	16.0	12.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	20.0	19.0	22.0
65 years and over (%)	39.0	32.0	44.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	16.0	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	670	300	370	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	360	170	195
0 to 17 years	145	70	70	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	511,400	262,535	248,860	30	10	15
18 to 64 years	390	175	215	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	280	130	155
65 years and over	140	55	80	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	25	10	10
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	35	45	439,850	223,055	216,795	55	25	30
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	45	30	20	313,970	167,015	146,955	45	20	25
65 years and over	30	10	20	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.2	12.0	12.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	14.4	14.0	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	15.0	10.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	16.0	16.0	16.0
65 years and over (%)	22.0	16.0	28.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	675	305	365	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	365	170	190
In bottom half of the distribution	320	145	175	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	245	110	135
In bottom decile	120	55	60	851,840	407,705	444,140	70	30	45
In second decile	55	20	35	920,490	434,730	485,760	25	10	20
In third decile	40	20	20	969,255	471,650	497,600	60	20	35
In fourth decile	60	20	35	978,345	482,760	495,590	40	25	20
In fifth decile	45	20	20	947,090	473,285	473,810	45	25	20
In top half of the distribution	350	155	195	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	120	60	55
In sixth decile	55	25	35	899,660	454,970	444,690	25	10	15
In seventh decile	40	15	25	837,225	425,400	411,830	35	15	15
In eighth decile	80	40	40	752,410	383,450	368,955	15	10	5
In ninth decile	80	35	45	634,425	325,700	308,730	15	10	5
In top decile	90	40	50	517,725	267,160	250,565	30	15	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	670	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.379	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.392	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.482	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.506	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.320	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.307	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	300	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
English only	45	25	20	445,575	228,840	216,735	10	5	5
French only	130	45	90	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	85	35	50
English and French	485	230	255	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	270	125	140
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	300	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
English	155	80	75	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	55	30	20
French	475	200	275	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	290	135	160
English and French	35	15	15	329,515	169,050	160,465	10	0	10
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	300	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
Single responses	615	275	340	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	345	160	185
Official languages	480	220	260	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	280	130	150
English	75	45	30	639,365	323,170	316,195	30	15	15
French	400	175	230	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	250	115	130
Non-official languages	140	55	80	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	65	25	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	140	55	80	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	65	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	233,220	122,895	110,320	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	5	0	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	37,425	17,185	20,240	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	50	595,790	290,670	305,115	45	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	5	0
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	30	346,000	167,870	178,130	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	15	10	5
Portuguese	5	5	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	5	0
Romanian	15	5	10	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	177,155	86,490	90,660	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	5	5
Chinese languages	10	0	5	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	30	308,550	155,455	153,095	15	10	5
English and French	20	5	10	126,405	64,585	61,820	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	49,485	24,660	24,825	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	300	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
English	90	55	45	623,305	313,780	309,520	25	15	10
French	360	145	210	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	210	90	115
Non-official language	35	20	20	366,730	177,410	189,315	10	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	343,650	165,830	177,825	10	5	5
English and French	70	35	40	497,380	256,735	240,645	65	35	30
English and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	205,755	102,290	103,470	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	375,795	179,585	196,210	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	284,940	141,275	143,665	30	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	300	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
Single responses	630	280	345	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	340	160	180
Official languages	565	255	310	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	315	150	165
English	135	70	65	874,185	438,570	435,615	50	30	25
French	430	180	245	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	260	120	145
Non-official languages	60	25	30	662,615	322,860	339,750	25	10	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	25	30	628,365	305,820	322,555	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	10	20	336,635	164,100	172,535	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	182,585	88,060	94,525	10	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	5	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	357,245	176,070	181,175	25	10	15
English and French	25	10	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	116,595	56,445	60,150	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	305	370	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	360	170	195
None	525	230	295	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	265	120	145
English	40	20	20	353,690	183,470	170,225	35	20	15
French	30	15	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	25	15	10
Non-official language	35	15	25	269,715	129,830	139,890	15	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	25	264,405	127,330	137,070	15	5	5
English and French	5	0	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	625	290	335	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	365	185	180
Official languages	610	285	325	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	360	185	175
English	485	235	250	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	255	140	115
French	575	270	310	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	355	180	175
Non-official languages	280	120	155	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	105	40	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	280	120	155	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	105	40	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	25	40	385,210	201,105	184,100	20	0	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	20	0	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	25	40	363,875	190,005	173,870	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	60	25	40	343,675	179,750	163,930	10	0	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	135,275	62,040	73,235	15	0	15
Haitian Creole	15	10	10	118,010	53,530	64,480	15	0	15
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	85	95	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	65,625	33,305	32,320	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	57,640	29,540	28,105	10	0	0
German	20	10	10	44,170	22,715	21,450	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	60	65	684,830	324,095	360,735	45	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	10	0
Romanian	15	0	15	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	95	60	40	453,905	210,400	243,505	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	625	290	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	365	180	180
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	620	290	330	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	365	180	180
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	625	290	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	365	180	180
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	625	290	330	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	365	180	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Owner	160	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	60	...	...
Renter	155	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	140	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Condominium	155	...	...	515,590	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	160	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	623,295	...	...	100	...	...
2 bedrooms	135	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	85	...	...
3 bedrooms	100	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	10	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	730,330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	135	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	145	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	645,635	...	...	25	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...	435,225	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.9	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	315	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	200	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Suitable	295	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	142,775	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
1960 or before	200	...	...	879,375	...	...	130	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	35	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	509,120	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	385,315	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	285	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	236,110	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
One-maintainer household	195	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	140	...	...
Two-maintainer household	115	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	60	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	117,525	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	525,540	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	647,165	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	628,630	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	760,395	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	80	...	...	629,965	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	315	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	75	...	...	595,690	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	75	...	...	542,060	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	315	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	901,440	...	...	100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...	537,090	...	...	40	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	112,775	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	179,840	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	195	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	315	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	195	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	218,275	...	...	40	...	...
Not in core need	290	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	65	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.1	...	...	62.2	...	...	69.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.8	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,590	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	636,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	620,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	135	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	32.3	...	...	8.6	...	...	11.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...	25.2	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.7	...	...	11.9	...	...	30.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	810	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	886	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	620	295	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	365	185	185
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	15	10	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	10	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	625	295	330	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	345	170	175
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	625	295	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	365	185	185
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	540	255	285	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	315	160	150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	65	40	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	80	45	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	435	190	240	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	235	120	115
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	40	45	518,265	264,490	253,775	50	20	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	625	295	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	365	185	185
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	335	165	170	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	280	145	130
Immigrants⁸¹	245	105	135	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	60	25	35
Before 1980	30	10	20	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	50	20	30	124,610	61,850	62,755	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	190,495	91,635	98,860	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	70	35	35	312,210	150,825	161,390	15	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	15	30	396,090	192,745	203,340	25	0	15
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	193,345	93,485	99,855	10	0	10
2016 to 2021	45	15	25	202,740	99,260	103,480	15	0	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	45	25	20	205,770	113,500	92,275	30	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	250	105	140	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	60	20	35
Under 5 years	45	25	20	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	30	10	20	201,385	101,555	99,835	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	120	50	70	594,845	292,975	301,875	35	10	25
45 years and over	45	20	20	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	250	105	140	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	60	20	35
Americas	70	30	45	264,885	121,740	143,145	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	15	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	15	10	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	100	50	55	309,015	154,110	154,910	40	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	80	45	35	93,160	49,870	43,290	20	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	302,010	153,655	148,355	15	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	30	332,925	158,445	174,475	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	15	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	20	25	202,740	99,265	103,480	15	10	10
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	25	0	15	33,705	17,520	16,185	15	10	0
France	15	10	10	20,980	11,325	9,655	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	625	290	330	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	365	180	180
First generation¹⁰⁰	295	125	170	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	90	40	55
Second generation¹⁰¹	135	85	55	883,485	446,000	437,490	85	35	50
Third generation or more¹⁰²	190	80	110	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	185	105	80
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	215	100	115	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	60	25	40
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	65	75	559,935	290,040	269,895	40	15	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	35	20	267,870	161,125	106,740	40	15	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	30	55	292,070	128,915	163,155	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	55	20	40	272,255	109,735	162,515	10	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	15	10	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	215	100	115	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	60	25	40
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	10	94,185	46,445	47,740	15	10	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	150	60	90	756,120	358,700	397,420	20	10	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	625	290	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	365	180	180
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	160	70	90	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	60	15	50
South Asian	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	50	20	30	422,405	206,335	216,070	10	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	25	10	15	280,075	146,990	133,085	15	0	15
Latin American	40	20	15	172,925	85,035	87,880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	20	10	15	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	460	220	240	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	305	170	135
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	625	290	335	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	365	185	180
Canadian	85	45	45	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	50	20	25
English	15	0	10	177,710	88,910	88,800	0	0	0
Irish	30	10	20	404,190	193,440	210,745	45	15	20
Scottish	15	0	15	192,685	93,120	99,565	30	25	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	190	85	105	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	145	65	75
German	10	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	20	10	10
Chinese	25	10	10	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	70	30	35	316,315	157,600	158,720	25	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	10	0	10
Québécois	20	0	10	931,940	465,630	466,305	35	25	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	10	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	50	25	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	10	10	0
American	15	10	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	50	30	20	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	15	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	20	35	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	45	10	25	156,065	73,495	82,570	15	0	15
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	10	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	15	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	15	81,230	41,590	39,635	20	0	15
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	20	15	10	65,860	33,955	31,905	15	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	625	290	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	370	180	180
Buddhist	10	10	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	300	125	175	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	125	60	65
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	25	15	10	464,020	229,155	234,860	10	10	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	220	90	130	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	90	45	50
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	0	10	104,790	48,840	55,950	10	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	35	15	20	421,710	218,255	203,455	20	0	15
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	15	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	245	115	125	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	210	120	90
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	625	295	330	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	365	185	185
Non-movers	530	245	285	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	270	120	150
Movers	95	50	45	945,290	466,750	478,540	95	65	35
Non-migrants	75	40	40	543,670	268,740	274,925	75	50	25
Migrants	15	10	10	401,625	198,010	203,615	20	15	0
Internal migrants	15	10	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	15	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	605	285	320	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	345	170	175
Non-movers	365	160	205	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	195	90	100
Movers	235	125	110	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	145	80	70
Non-migrants	125	70	55	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	75	35	35
Migrants	115	55	55	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	75	40	30
Internal migrants	55	25	25	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	45	35	15
Intraprovincial migrants	40	25	15	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	20	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	30	25	0
External migrants	60	30	35	320,090	166,115	153,975	30	10	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	520	235	280	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	295	150	145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	15	30	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	30	20	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	470	225	250	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	265	130	135
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	265	110	155	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	215	105	110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	0	0	642,800	382,415	260,380	10	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	250	105	145	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	200	100	105
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	235	275	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	300	150	145
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	10	20	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	25	15	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	50	35	20	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	45	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	440	195	245	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	235	110	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	80	80	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	75	40	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	15	10	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	15	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	45	50	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	60	30	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	20	15	252,815	102,150	150,665	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	280	115	165	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	160	70	85
Bachelor's degree	150	70	80	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	85	50	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	20	149,425	66,595	82,825	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	85	35	50	360,795	174,150	186,645	50	20	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15	63,270	36,320	26,955	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	265	110	155	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	215	105	110
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	525,155	303,815	221,345	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10	10	0	752,855	388,160	364,700	20	10	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255	95	155	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	185	95	95
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	35	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	70	35	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	20	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35	10	25	838,140	372,455	465,685	55	20	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	190	75	120	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	115	55	60
Bachelor's degree	95	40	60	802,755	343,100	459,650	45	35	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	119,460	50,155	69,310	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	25	35	302,065	140,530	161,530	50	25	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	515	240	280	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	295	150	145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	75	45	35	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	65	40	25
Education	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
13. Education	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	15	25	166,900	75,420	91,480	30	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	25	143,365	58,875	84,490	30	0	25
Humanities	60	30	25	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	20	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	10	20	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	30	55	430,845	142,280	288,570	65	30	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	57,080	19,060	38,020	35	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	77,880	29,725	48,160	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	0	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	90	40	45	950,820	357,290	593,535	40	10	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	40	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	30	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	20	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	35	15	866,885	778,835	88,060	15	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	25	10	181,290	147,120	34,170	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	0	40	515,215	101,455	413,760	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	40	470,150	78,875	391,275	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	265	110	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	215	105	110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10	10	0	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	30	10	20
Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	110,860	45,555	65,305	10	0	0
Humanities	25	0	20	144,140	56,410	87,730	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	10	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	15	35	334,475	103,635	230,840	50	25	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	47,510	15,360	32,155	25	20	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	59,965	20,645	39,325	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	101,105	49,385	51,720	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	70	35	35	741,390	268,705	472,685	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	35	35	697,775	259,725	438,045	30	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	20	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	20	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	30	15	665,365	588,950	76,415	15	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	25	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	0	30	387,725	74,730	312,995	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	352,905	58,735	294,170	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	265	110	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	215	105	110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	30	10	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	250	100	150	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	185	90	95
Location of study inside Canada	155	70	95	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	140	70	75
Same as province or territory of residence	145	70	75	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	130	60	70
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	116,855	57,870	58,990	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	95	30	65	414,490	209,160	205,330	40	20	20
Americas	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	60	20	40	138,260	74,045	64,210	25	15	10
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	55	20	40	77,225	43,085	34,135	25	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	15	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	10	10	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	515	235	275	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	300	150	145
In the labour force	320	150	180	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	230	115	115
Employed	280	125	160	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	185	90	95
Unemployed	40	25	20	335,015	176,245	158,775	45	25	15
Not in the labour force	195	90	105	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	70	35	40
Participation rate	62.1	63.8	65.5	64.1	67.4	60.9	76.7	76.7	79.3
Employment rate	54.4	53.2	58.2	59.3	62.3	56.3	61.7	60.0	65.5
Unemployment rate	12.5	16.7	11.1	7.6	7.7	7.4	19.6	21.7	13.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	515	240	280	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	295	150	145
Did not work¹⁸⁶	160	75	90	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	85	30	50
Worked	355	160	190	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	210	120	100
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	145	65	85	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	115	60	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	205	100	105	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	100	55	45
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.4	40.6	41.3	41.7	40.8	38.6	37.6	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	325	150	175	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	225	115	110
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	315	145	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	210	110	100
Employee	250	110	140	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	195	100	90
Permanent position	205	105	100	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	145	80	70
Temporary position	40	0	35	623,510	296,655	326,850	45	20	25
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	10	217,905	94,210	123,700	30	15	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	0	30	405,605	202,450	203,155	20	10	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	70	35	30	530,720	324,555	206,165	20	10	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	325	150	175	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	225	115	110
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	315	145	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	210	110	100
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	0	15	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	20	45	778,905	256,150	522,760	40	15	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	35	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	35	20	15
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	359,665	70,075	289,590	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	0	35	558,725	166,020	392,700	30	0	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	15	25	146,560	72,400	74,165	35	15	15
6 Sales and service occupations	65	45	25	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	50	40	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	10	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	325	150	175	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	225	115	110
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	315	145	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	210	110	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	0	10	449,115	320,715	128,405	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	10	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	20	25	514,090	248,905	265,185	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	15	94,130	57,495	36,630	40	25	15
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	169,985	74,020	95,960	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	35	20	345,345	193,365	151,985	45	15	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	55	20	30	340,885	104,300	236,590	20	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	30	617,200	122,675	494,525	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	20	20	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	30	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	10
91 Public administration	10	0	10	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	360	160	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	225	130	100
English	55	30	25	350,525	195,385	155,145	35	20	10
French	135	45	95	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	105	45	60
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	150	85	65	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	90	60	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	360	160	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	225	130	100
Single responses	330	155	170	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	210	115	100
Official languages	325	155	170	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	210	115	100
English	120	70	50	668,485	365,785	302,695	50	35	10
French	200	85	115	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	165	75	85
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	10	25	269,365	142,370	126,995	15	15	0
English and French	25	10	20	249,945	132,640	117,300	15	15	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	360	160	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	225	130	100
None	225	80	145	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	145	75	70
English	65	45	20	720,960	391,075	329,885	60	30	30
French	60	30	25	302,145	161,340	140,805	20	20	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	280	120	155	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	185	90	95
Worked at home	150	55	100	897,770	435,285	462,480	90	40	55
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	20	15	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	10	0	0
Usual place of work	105	45	55	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	80	40	35
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	105	45	55	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	80	40	35
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	90	45	45	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	65	35	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	823,150	442,385	380,765	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	125	60	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	90	50	40
Car, truck or van	55	20	35	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	35	20	20
Car, truck or van - as a driver	55	20	35	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	20	15	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	15	10	0
Public transit	15	10	10	287,345	120,460	166,885	30	0	20
Walked	25	15	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	25	20	0
Bicycle	20	15	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	125	60	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	90	50	40
Less than 15 minutes	20	15	0	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	20	15	0
15 to 29 minutes	65	30	35	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	25	0	20
30 to 44 minutes	35	20	15	635,870	363,430	272,445	25	10	15
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	125	60	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	90	50	40
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	10	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30	20	10	935,640	441,465	494,170	10	0	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	20	626,895	259,220	367,675	15	10	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	20	330,930	142,495	188,435	15	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	20	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	25	15	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	140	70	75	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	55	30	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	303,835	156,030	147,805	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	55	65	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	45	25	20
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	105	50	55	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	30	15	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	10	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	50	992,895	508,315	484,580	20	15	5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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