Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661262More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661564More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661996More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	867	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	912	...	...	463	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	617	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	461	...	...	227	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	537	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	411	...	...	220	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10,471.0	...	...	6.5	...	...	32,455.5	...	...	10,220.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	865	455	410	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	915	480	435	460	230	230
0 to 14 years	60	35	25	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	135	70	65	85	55	30
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	45	30	15	20	20	5
5 to 9 years	25	15	5	478,955	245,295	233,665	45	20	20	30	15	10
10 to 14 years	15	10	5	489,425	250,855	238,570	40	15	20	30	20	15
15 to 64 years	625	340	290	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	660	355	310	320	150	170
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	429,400	219,400	209,995	50	25	25	25	10	10
20 to 24 years	70	40	30	460,660	235,250	225,405	110	60	50	25	5	20
25 to 29 years	90	55	40	527,150	266,455	260,700	85	40	45	45	20	20
30 to 34 years	90	45	40	536,040	267,770	268,270	80	45	35	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	80	40	40	550,425	274,350	276,075	75	45	35	30	15	15
40 to 44 years	75	40	40	572,565	286,405	286,160	75	45	30	45	25	20
45 to 49 years	50	30	25	516,465	259,565	256,905	60	35	20	35	15	20
50 to 54 years	50	30	20	522,935	262,610	260,325	55	20	35	30	10	15
55 to 59 years	50	25	25	615,690	307,230	308,465	40	15	20	30	10	20
60 to 64 years	45	30	20	625,610	307,710	317,900	40	25	15	25	15	10
65 years and over	180	75	100	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	115	55	60	60	25	35
65 to 69 years	55	25	30	541,970	264,020	277,950	40	25	20	15	10	10
70 to 74 years	60	25	35	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	5	10	20	5	10
75 to 79 years	35	20	20	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	10	15	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	15	5	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	5	10	10	5	5
85 years and over	15	10	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	15	5	10	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	15	5	5	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6.9	7.7	6.1	16.4	17.0	15.8	14.8	14.6	14.9	18.5	23.9	13.0
15 to 64 years	72.3	74.7	70.7	63.0	63.9	62.1	72.1	74.0	71.3	69.6	65.2	73.9
65 years and over	20.8	16.5	24.4	20.6	19.1	22.1	12.6	11.5	13.8	13.0	10.9	15.2
85 years and over	1.7	2.2	1.2	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.6	1.0	2.3	1.1	0.0	2.2
Average age of the population	44.2	42.8	45.8	42.8	41.8	43.7	37.4	37.1	37.7	38.2	36.0	40.6
Median age of the population	41.6	40.0	43.2	43.2	42.0	44.0	35.2	35.2	34.4	38.0	35.2	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	271,245	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	185	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	375	...	...	115	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	350	...	...	225,745	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
1 person	315	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	155	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	110	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	480,135	...	...	75	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	427,605	...	...	45	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	865	455	410	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	915	475	435	465	230	230
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	805	420	385	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	780	405	370	375	175	205
Married or living common-law	360	195	165	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	390	205	190	190	95	100
Married	230	125	110	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	375	195	175	65	30	35
Living common-law	130	75	55	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	20	10	10	125	60	65
Living common law - Never married	100	60	40	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	15	5	10	110	55	55
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	10	10	261,885	135,520	126,370	0	0	0	15	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	450	225	225	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	385	205	180	190	85	110
Not married and not living common law - Never married	340	190	150	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	270	160	115	145	60	80
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	106,275	48,095	58,175	25	10	15	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	55	20	40	494,210	197,455	296,755	55	30	30	20	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	35	5	25	380,100	89,515	290,580	35	5	30	15	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	185	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	200	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	85	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	454,980	...	...	60	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	412,850	...	...	40	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	187,600	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	205	...	...	115	...	...
Total couple families	170	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	160	...	...	95	...	...
Married couples	110	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	150	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	502,020	...	...	100	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	609,605	...	...	50	...	...	10	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	828,005	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	5	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	426,120	...	...	5	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	383,775	...	...	45	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	284,025	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	865	455	410	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	915	475	435	465	230	235
Total - Persons in census families	450	245	210	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	605	300	305	335	170	165
Married spouses or common-law partners	345	190	150	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	320	160	160	185	90	95
Parents in one-parent families	15	0	10	383,780	99,755	284,020	40	15	30	20	5	15
Children⁶	90	50	40	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	240	125	115	125	70	50
In a two-parent family	70	40	35	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	180	90	90	90	60	35
In a one-parent family	20	10	5	585,820	317,400	268,415	60	35	30	30	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	415	210	200	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	310	180	130	130	60	70
Living alone	320	145	175	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	160	85	75	95	40	55
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	10	165,070	74,060	91,005	40	30	10	15	10	5
Living with non-relatives only	75	55	20	268,810	158,325	110,485	110	70	40	20	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	540	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	185	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	180	...	...	110	...	...
Couple-family households	170	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	140	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	851,835	...	...	95	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	120	...	...	982,260	...	...	45	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	331,395	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	66,750	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	139,280	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	315	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	160	...	...	95	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	805	415	385	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	775	410	365	380	175	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	780	410	375	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	730	390	330	375	170	200
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	46,800	40,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	23,600	26,800	21,800	46,000	47,200	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	780	410	375	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	730	395	335	375	170	200
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,200	36,800	36,400	39,200	33,600	23,000	25,400	21,000	41,200	42,400	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	385	345	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	550	320	235	350	160	190
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,400	36,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	16,200	19,400	12,500	40,000	42,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	595	330	270	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	500	300	200	300	140	160
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,400	35,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	17,600	21,000	13,600	43,600	47,600	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	580	285	295	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	685	370	315	300	125	175
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,600	11,200	11,500	10,200	12,300	9,600	8,200	11,200	9,500	8,400	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	30	35	837,635	441,080	396,550	80	40	40	45	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,280	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,640	5,600	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	105	105	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	285	175	115	105	55	55
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,700	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	135	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	430	360	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	695	380	315	300	135	170
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,400	69,600	93,200	51,160	57,550	44,960	28,300	29,800	26,600	52,800	56,000	50,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	430	360	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	695	380	315	300	135	170
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,000	53,200	64,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	25,800	27,100	24,200	44,000	46,000	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	720	400	325	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	530	305	225	285	115	165
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	79,200	67,600	93,200	45,480	52,900	38,000	22,100	23,600	20,000	47,600	56,000	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	585	330	260	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	485	295	190	245	100	140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,800	67,600	58,800	46,240	51,950	40,040	23,100	23,400	22,600	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	530	260	265	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	660	360	300	250	105	145
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,440	10,400	12,400	12,410	11,500	13,220	12,160	11,520	12,900	10,900	9,400	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	30	35	837,180	441,665	395,515	95	55	40	50	0	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,600	5,200	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,000	5,000	5,000	4,400	...	4,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	205	125	85	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	255	170	85	100	45	50
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,950	8,200	7,600	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,300	9,300	9,200	9,200	7,000	11,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	140	170
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	285	155	135	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	130	85	50	130	50	85
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	89,000	60,400	58,400	62,800	53,600	44,000	38,800	52,000	58,400	69,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	97,000	106,000	84,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	44,000	40,000	50,000	72,000	84,000	64,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	255	160	95	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	275	175	105	100	45	55
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,400	13,800	21,600	18,600	21,400	16,600	12,900	13,300	11,300	12,000	26,200	10,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	32,000	38,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	15,400	16,800	13,200	24,400	29,000	20,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.4	91.0	90.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	59.2	64.0	53.0	84.0	88.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.2	75.0	45.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	56.4	60.0	51.0	75.0	76.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.6	9.2	10.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	40.8	36.4	47.0	16.8	13.2	20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.4	2.4	2.4	1.3	x	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.9	3.7	2.2	5.4	4.8	6.1	13.9	16.0	11.0	6.4	4.8	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.6	3.4	1.9	4.6	4.3	5.1	12.0	14.2	9.2	5.8	4.4	6.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	805	420	385	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	780	405	370	375	175	205
Without total income	20	10	10	179,955	87,650	92,310	50	15	30	5	0	5
With total income	785	410	375	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	725	395	335	370	175	200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	35	35	462,400	204,245	258,155	110	45	65	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	95	50	45	809,375	334,315	475,065	140	70	75	40	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	110	50	60	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	210	115	95	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	90	45	50	896,520	414,070	482,445	130	75	55	40	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	35	849,005	411,680	437,325	70	55	15	55	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	25	687,020	345,720	341,305	40	15	15	40	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	503,110	271,695	231,415	10	10	0	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	45	20	20	367,455	208,475	158,980	10	5	5	25	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	50	25	20	284,690	158,760	125,930	0	0	0	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	15	198,140	112,355	85,780	0	0	0	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	135	90	45	556,780	365,700	191,080	0	0	0	30	20	10
$100,000 to $149,999	80	50	35	385,890	245,635	140,260	0	0	0	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	50	40	15	170,890	120,065	50,820	0	0	0	15	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	805	420	385	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	780	405	370	375	175	205
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	177,960	86,610	91,355	45	10	30	5	0	5
With after-tax income	785	410	375	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	730	395	335	370	175	200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	30	35	495,035	214,000	281,030	110	40	70	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	110	55	50	853,250	356,480	496,765	150	75	75	40	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	120	55	65	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	240	130	105	55	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	115	55	60	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	140	85	55	55	25	35
$40,000 to $49,999	95	50	45	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	40	15	65	30	40
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	25	691,015	372,870	318,145	25	15	5	50	25	30
$60,000 to $69,999	60	25	35	459,665	251,490	208,170	10	5	5	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	25	292,135	160,985	131,150	0	0	0	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	174,905	104,610	70,295	0	0	0	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	229,765	156,750	73,020	0	0	0	15	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	35	30	10	119,125	78,615	40,515	0	0	0	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	30	20	10	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	805	420	385	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	780	405	370	375	175	205
Without employment income	210	90	120	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	275	110	170	80	35	45
With employment income	595	325	265	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	500	300	200	300	140	160
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	40	50	644,075	331,770	312,300	95	50	45	35	10	25
$5,000 to $9,999	45	25	25	401,185	180,585	220,595	55	30	30	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	85	45	40	603,350	273,725	329,620	115	70	45	30	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	35	25	10	495,105	228,670	266,435	85	50	35	25	10	10
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	60	45	15	30	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	45	35	10	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	15	403,980	217,425	186,560	25	10	10	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	320,700	184,770	135,935	10	10	0	25	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	250,635	147,020	103,615	10	5	0	20	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	218,100	120,085	98,020	0	0	0	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	141,540	86,090	55,450	0	0	0	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	110	75	35	422,055	285,910	136,145	0	0	0	30	25	10
$100,000 to $124,999	40	25	15	205,085	133,500	71,585	0	0	0	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	70	50	20	216,965	152,410	64,555	0	0	0	15	10	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	805	415	385	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	775	410	365	380	175	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	755	390	370	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	685	365	320	360	165	195
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	45,600	38,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	19,200	20,600	17,200	43,200	47,200	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	755	390	370	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	685	365	320	360	165	195
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,800	34,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	19,200	19,800	16,800	38,400	40,400	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	700	365	335	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	500	295	205	340	155	185
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	43,200	37,200	34,800	40,400	29,200	17,400	19,800	14,600	40,400	43,200	39,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	575	310	265	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	455	285	175	300	140	160
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,800	36,000	36,400	41,200	31,800	18,800	19,800	17,000	42,400	46,400	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	515	245	270	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	640	340	295	270	105	155
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,140	1,700	4,120	7,800	5,640	9,100	4,360	2,900	7,100	3,800	3,080	4,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	10	15	727,165	390,255	336,910	40	30	15	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	6,080	5,160	x	6,500	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	135	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	765	405	360	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	660	360	295	295	130	170
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	64,400	55,000	48,600	55,500	41,880	24,360	24,300	24,400	48,800	52,000	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	765	405	360	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	660	360	295	295	130	170
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,500	49,400	45,200	39,600	44,000	35,320	22,600	22,500	22,600	40,400	42,000	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	705	385	325	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	495	275	210	270	110	160
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,300	64,000	53,600	45,920	53,800	37,920	22,500	24,000	20,600	46,000	55,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	585	320	265	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	440	260	180	250	100	150
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	64,800	54,400	46,240	52,450	39,520	24,000	24,200	23,800	44,800	51,000	41,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	475	230	245	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	620	350	270	225	85	140
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,160	6,160	10,000	9,450	8,430	10,320	7,960	6,060	10,300	8,100	6,700	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	30	15	0	45	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	...	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	6,400	7,000	...	7,800	2,000	13,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	140	170
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	295	155	135	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	130	85	50	130	50	85
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	79,000	50,800	54,800	60,000	49,200	36,800	30,800	45,600	54,800	55,600	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,000	98,000	74,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	40,000	36,000	48,000	63,000	74,000	57,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	240	145	100	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	235	150	80	105	50	55
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,200	21,800	23,600	27,200	21,000	18,000	18,000	19,800	25,600	28,000	13,900
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,800	33,500	41,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	19,000	19,600	18,000	26,800	30,000	23,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.6	95.0	88.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	69.0	76.0	61.0	88.0	92.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	77.0	80.0	73.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	66.0	72.0	58.0	78.0	78.0	78.0
Government transfers (%)	8.4	5.4	12.4	14.9	10.8	20.2	30.8	24.0	39.0	12.4	8.8	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.4	1.6	x	2.4	0.6	4.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	39,200	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	36,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	315	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	160	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	38,800	...	...	23,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	23,200	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	215	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	255	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	52,800	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,400	...	...	92,000	...	...	45,800	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	75,200	...	...	42,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	190	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	47,680	...	...	28,200	...	...	39,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	39,640	...	...	25,600	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	240	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	202,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	55,200	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	35,920	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	52,080	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	82,470	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	218,185	...	...	50	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	144,420	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	143,285	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	166,990	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	310,880	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	280,505	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	255,770	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	25	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	307,835	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	239,060	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	535	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	410	...	...	220	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	40,590	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	87,695	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	234,875	...	...	50	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	177,135	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	180,150	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	213,760	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	193,530	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	356,325	...	...	45	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	322,530	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	289,580	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	892,775	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	387,835	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	279,105	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	190	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	215	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	51,600	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	37,200	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	907,765	...	...	100	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	60,800	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	368,845	...	...	40	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	61,600	...	...	52,800	...	...	60,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	395	205	190	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	270	150	120	115	55	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	35,200	43,200	36,800	39,200	34,800	22,400	24,000	22,000	42,400	42,400	42,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	32,000	38,000	33,200	34,800	31,600	21,800	22,800	21,000	38,400	38,800	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	170	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	200	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	222,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	55,600	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	992,110	...	...	60	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	252,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	54,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	50,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	909,160	...	...	95	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	68,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	63,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	367,155	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	78,700	...	...	48,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	67,500	...	...	44,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	435	245	195	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	295	155	135	95	35	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,200	58,800	60,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	26,000	27,600	24,400	39,000	34,000	42,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,800	44,800	47,200	38,040	39,400	36,640	23,600	24,800	22,400	34,000	32,000	35,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	865	455	410	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	910	480	435	460	230	230
0 to 17 years	65	40	30	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	165	80	85	95	60	35
0 to 5 years	25	20	15	515,725	264,785	250,935	55	35	25	30	25	5
18 to 64 years	620	340	285	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	635	340	295	310	145	165
65 years and over	180	75	95	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	115	55	60	55	25	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	160	75	85	992,235	463,295	528,940	370	185	185	35	15	20
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	65	35	30	0	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	35	20	15	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	120	60	55	515,470	256,435	259,035	250	130	120	25	10	15
65 years and over	35	10	20	317,235	124,865	192,370	55	20	35	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	16.5	20.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	40.8	38.8	43.2	7.2	7.0	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	40.0	40.0	40.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	56.0	50.0	70.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.0	20.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	39.2	37.5	41.0	7.2	6.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	19.0	16.0	22.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	50.0	44.0	56.0	16.0	20.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	865	455	410	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	915	475	435	465	230	235
0 to 17 years	65	35	30	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	165	85	80	95	60	35
0 to 5 years	30	15	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	60	30	25	30	25	5
18 to 64 years	620	335	285	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	635	340	295	310	145	165
65 years and over	175	80	100	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	115	55	60	60	25	35
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	145	85	60	439,850	223,055	216,795	240	120	120	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	40	20	15	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	20	10	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	125	70	50	313,970	167,015	146,955	170	85	85	15	5	10
65 years and over	15	5	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	30	10	15	0	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.8	18.0	15.2	5.3	5.4	5.2	26.4	24.8	28.0	5.2	6.0	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	24.0	24.0	24.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	34.0	36.0	30.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	21.0	18.5	6.2	6.6	5.8	27.2	25.2	29.6	5.0	5.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	8.0	8.0	8.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	26.0	24.0	28.0	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	865	455	410	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	915	480	435	460	230	230
In bottom half of the distribution	465	240	230	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	840	440	405	240	120	125
In bottom decile	180	100	85	851,840	407,705	444,140	355	175	180	35	20	20
In second decile	85	50	35	920,490	434,730	485,760	190	100	85	50	20	30
In third decile	70	30	45	969,255	471,650	497,600	165	90	75	55	25	30
In fourth decile	60	30	25	978,345	482,760	495,590	80	45	30	55	25	25
In fifth decile	65	35	35	947,090	473,285	473,810	60	30	35	45	25	20
In top half of the distribution	400	220	185	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	65	40	30	220	115	110
In sixth decile	50	30	20	899,660	454,970	444,690	45	25	20	70	35	35
In seventh decile	70	35	35	837,225	425,400	411,830	25	15	10	35	15	20
In eighth decile	80	45	35	752,410	383,450	368,955	0	0	0	35	20	15
In ninth decile	90	50	45	634,425	325,700	308,730	0	0	0	55	25	25
In top decile	110	65	50	517,725	267,160	250,565	0	0	0	30	15	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	865	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	915	...	...	465	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.449	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.265	...	...	0.294	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.532	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.479	...	...	0.394	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.383	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.240	...	...	0.249	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	235
English only	150	85	70	445,575	228,840	216,735	390	220	170	10	10	0
French only	115	60	60	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	115	55	60	160	80	80
English and French	580	305	275	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	300	145	155	290	140	150
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	105	55	55	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	235
English	305	160	145	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	500	270	235	35	25	15
French	480	255	225	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	185	95	90	415	200	215
English and French	60	30	30	329,515	169,050	160,465	125	65	65	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	95	50	45	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	235
Single responses	825	435	395	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	800	415	385	440	220	220
Official languages	540	275	265	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	170	90	80	405	200	200
English	140	75	65	639,365	323,170	316,195	90	55	40	25	20	10
French	400	200	205	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	75	40	35	375	185	195
Non-official languages	290	155	135	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	635	325	310	35	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	155	135	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	635	325	310	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	233,220	122,895	110,320	30	15	15	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	25	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	25	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	25	10	10	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	30	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	30	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	14,235	7,030	7,205	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	90	70	595,790	290,670	305,115	520	265	260	15	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	10	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	10	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	31,700	14,115	17,590	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	34,080	16,735	17,345	70	30	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	40	15	101,450	52,780	48,665	395	210	190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	25	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	390	210	185	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	25	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	235	125	105	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	70	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	38,400	19,305	19,090	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	10	15	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	40	346,000	167,870	178,130	35	15	20	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	90,940	44,080	46,865	10	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	5	0	10	0	5
Romanian	5	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	177,155	86,490	90,660	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	5	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	40	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages	65	30	35	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	0	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	10	25	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	310	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	80	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	110	65	50	20	10	10
English and French	10	5	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	20	10	10	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	60	35	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	15	10	10	5	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	15	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	5	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	235
English	145	75	75	623,305	313,780	309,520	95	60	40	15	10	5
French	370	185	185	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	70	35	35	365	175	190
Non-official language	75	40	35	366,730	177,410	189,315	275	145	135	15	10	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	35	343,650	165,830	177,825	275	145	135	15	10	5
English and French	75	50	25	497,380	256,735	240,645	35	20	10	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	205,755	102,290	103,470	215	100	115	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	375,795	179,585	196,210	65	35	35	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	284,940	141,275	143,665	95	50	50	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	20,125	9,545	10,585	55	30	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	235
Single responses	810	425	390	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	775	410	365	455	225	225
Official languages	655	340	315	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	280	150	130	430	210	215
English	220	115	105	874,185	438,570	435,615	180	100	80	30	15	15
French	435	220	210	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	100	55	50	400	200	200
Non-official languages	155	85	65	662,615	322,860	339,750	490	255	235	25	15	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	85	65	628,365	305,820	322,555	490	255	235	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	116,685	59,645	57,040	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	10	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	65	45	336,635	164,100	172,535	410	210	200	15	10	5
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	10	5	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	10	5	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	50	15	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	10	74,455	38,045	36,410	325	180	150	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	20	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	320	175	145	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	205	115	85	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	60	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	28,020	13,810	14,210	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	25	182,585	88,060	94,525	15	5	5	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	5	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	0	5	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	15	10	5	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	5	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	67,120	31,725	35,390	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages	35	15	15	66,880	31,610	35,275	5	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	25	357,245	176,070	181,175	140	70	70	10	0	5
English and French	20	15	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	75	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	116,595	56,445	60,150	20	10	10	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	865	455	410	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	915	475	435	465	230	230
None	625	320	310	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	540	290	250	405	200	210
English	80	50	25	353,690	183,470	170,225	70	35	30	25	10	10
French	40	25	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	50	30	20	15	10	5
Non-official language	55	30	30	269,715	129,830	139,890	130	60	65	5	5	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	30	264,405	127,330	137,070	130	60	65	5	5	0
English and French	10	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	25	10	15	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	15	76,755	38,765	37,990	45	25	25	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	5	10	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	20	15	10	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	835	440	400	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	880	475	410	410	200	205
Official languages	820	435	375	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	765	420	350	410	200	205
English	720	405	315	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	640	355	285	265	130	135
French	710	365	340	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	425	215	210	400	195	205
Non-official languages	405	230	175	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	810	435	380	70	25	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	230	175	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	810	435	380	70	25	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	15	385,210	201,105	184,100	55	30	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	40	15	363,875	190,005	173,870	45	15	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	40	15	343,675	179,750	163,930	45	15	25	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	60	35	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	170	145	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	565	285	280	40	15	25
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	95,385	45,060	50,330	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	94,580	44,695	49,885	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	0	15	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	15	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	15	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	95	40	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	70	25	136,020	71,180	64,840	415	215	200	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	55	50	10	90,745	48,355	42,395	410	215	195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	170	85	80	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	40	10	34,290	18,580	15,710	305	165	140	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	30	10	48,105	24,410	23,695	15	0	10	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	15	0	10	0	0	0
Persian languages	40	30	10	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	40	30	10	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	65	105	684,830	324,095	360,735	60	30	30	30	0	25
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	20	168,040	82,400	85,645	20	0	15	10	0	10
Portuguese	45	20	30	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	120	40	80	453,905	210,400	243,505	45	25	15	25	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	95	65	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	35	25	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	15	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	25	15	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	10	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	835	445	395	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	880	475	405	410	205	205
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15	0	10	205,010	101,150	103,865	10	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15	0	10	193,365	95,320	98,045	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	820	440	385	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	870	465	405	400	195	205
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	835	445	395	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	880	475	405	410	205	205
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	835	445	395	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	880	475	405	410	205	205
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
Owner	180	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	35	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	385	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	395	...	...	130	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
Condominium	270	...	...	515,590	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	290	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	415	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	32,020	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	295	...	...	623,295	...	...	230	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	185	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	135	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	45	...	...	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	730,330	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	440	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	375	...	...	95	...	...
5 rooms	80	...	...	645,635	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	435,225	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.5	...	...	5.8	...	...	3.2	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
One person or fewer per room	555	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	370	...	...	190	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	48,315	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
Suitable	545	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	300	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	142,775	...	...	130	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...	879,375	...	...	155	...	...	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	45	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	155	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...	509,120	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	125	...	...	385,315	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	198,595	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	120	...	...	231,930	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	40	...	...	212,290	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	505	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	385	...	...	185	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	236,110	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
One-maintainer household	410	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	290	...	...	120	...	...
Two-maintainer household	140	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	115	...	...	70	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	117,525	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	125	...	...	525,540	...	...	100	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	105	...	...	647,165	...	...	80	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	628,630	...	...	85	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	760,395	...	...	45	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	105	...	...	629,965	...	...	55	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	336,170	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	550	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	425	...	...	195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	430	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	280	...	...	130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	595,690	...	...	145	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	542,060	...	...	135	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	560	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	430	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	165	...	...	901,440	...	...	275	...	...	70	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	95	...	...	537,090	...	...	120	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	100	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...	179,840	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	41,740	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	395	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	155	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	505	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	415	...	...	185	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	218,275	...	...	125	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	475	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	295	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	180	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	35	...	...	60	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.4	...	...	62.2	...	...	57.1	...	...	91.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.9	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	1,070	...	...	730	...	...	2,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,000	...	...	2,300	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	x	...	...	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	584,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	520,000	...	...	680,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	380	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	395	...	...	130	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.2	...	...	8.6	...	...	5.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.7	...	...	25.2	...	...	34.6	...	...	30.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.6	...	...	11.9	...	...	32.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...	810	...	...	730	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,096	...	...	886	...	...	756	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	840	440	395	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	880	470	410	405	200	205
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	0	15	203,425	96,595	106,830	10	0	0	20	0	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	0	15	200,985	95,520	105,460	10	0	0	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0	20	0	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	815	435	380	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	870	470	405	385	190	195
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	840	440	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	885	470	410	405	200	205
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	630	315	310	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	495	275	215	375	190	190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	45	10	35	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	105	65	40	95	65	30
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	585	310	280	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	385	210	175	285	120	160
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	210	125	85	518,265	264,490	253,775	385	195	190	30	10	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	840	440	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	885	470	410	405	200	205
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	460	215	240	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	205	120	85	355	180	180
Immigrants⁸¹	260	145	115	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	420	215	205	50	20	30
Before 1980	40	20	20	187,200	91,895	95,300	60	30	30	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	45	30	15	124,610	61,850	62,755	40	25	15	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	35	25	10	190,495	91,635	98,860	75	35	40	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	40	20	15	312,210	150,825	161,390	85	45	40	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	105	50	50	396,090	192,745	203,340	160	80	80	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	35	10	20	193,345	93,485	99,855	65	40	20	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	65	35	30	202,740	99,260	103,480	95	40	60	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	120	80	40	205,770	113,500	92,275	255	140	120	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	260	145	115	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	420	215	200	50	20	30
Under 5 years	15	10	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	35	20	15	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	40	25	10	201,385	101,555	99,835	50	25	20	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	45	30	15	213,035	96,175	116,860	70	40	35	15	0	10
25 to 44 years	130	65	70	594,845	292,975	301,875	205	100	105	10	10	0
45 years and over	30	15	20	89,045	41,505	47,540	60	30	30	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	260	145	115	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	420	215	200	50	20	30
Americas	65	20	50	264,885	121,740	143,145	65	40	30	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	40	30	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	10	25	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	45	20	309,015	154,110	154,910	70	35	30	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	45	20	30	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	30	10	302,010	153,655	148,355	95	50	50	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	80	45	35	0	0	0
Asia	85	55	35	332,925	158,445	174,475	195	95	95	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	20	10	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	24,990	12,770	12,225	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	75	35	45	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	35	30	202,740	99,265	103,480	95	40	60	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	15	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	15	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	70,310	34,215	36,095	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	20	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	20	10	15	67,305	32,185	35,120	60	25	35	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	35	15	25	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	835	440	395	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	880	475	405	410	200	205
First generation¹⁰⁰	395	225	165	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	690	350	335	60	30	35
Second generation¹⁰¹	160	75	80	883,485	446,000	437,490	160	115	40	70	40	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	285	135	150	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	35	0	30	275	135	140
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	220	125	95	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	360	180	175	35	10	20
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	80	50	559,935	290,040	269,895	105	60	45	35	10	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	85	50	40	267,870	161,125	106,740	55	45	15	0	0	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	35	10	292,070	128,915	163,155	50	15	30	25	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	70	30	45	272,255	109,735	162,515	145	60	90	0	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	90	60	35	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	220	125	95	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	360	180	175	35	10	20
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	85	50	35	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	30	20	94,185	46,445	47,740	30	20	15	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	25	15	48,805	27,680	21,130	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	125	65	60	756,120	358,700	397,420	225	100	130	35	10	20
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	835	445	395	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	880	475	405	410	205	205
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	265	155	100	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	680	375	310	45	20	30
South Asian	65	50	15	127,990	67,140	60,850	415	210	205	0	0	0
Chinese	50	30	20	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black	30	10	20	422,405	206,335	216,070	185	130	60	20	0	15
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	15	15	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latin American	40	15	25	172,925	85,035	87,880	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	40	20	15	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	575	280	295	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	200	100	105	355	180	180
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	840	440	400	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	885	475	410	405	200	205
Canadian	45	30	15	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	45	35	15	75	40	25
English	40	20	20	177,710	88,910	88,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	85	45	40	404,190	193,440	210,745	10	0	0	45	25	25
Scottish	20	0	15	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	280	135	150	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	0	0	0	180	90	95
German	10	0	10	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	40	25	20	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	40	20	316,315	157,600	158,720	10	0	0	20	0	15
Indian (India)	30	10	25	65,790	34,390	31,405	165	70	90	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	15	25	931,940	465,630	466,305	0	0	0	55	30	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	0	10	588,805	290,630	298,180	0	0	0	60	25	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	15	10	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	15	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	10	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	15	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0	15	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	0	20	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0	35	15	20
American	20	0	15	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	20	77,735	37,960	39,775	15	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	10	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	80	35	40	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	35	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	40	10	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	15	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	85	35	50	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	30	10	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	40	35	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	40	30	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	30	25	10	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	20	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	840	445	395	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	880	475	405	410	205	205
Buddhist	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	295	120	170	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	320	155	165	135	55	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	25	25	0	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0	25	20	10
Catholic	250	100	145	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	110	35	75	105	40	65
Christian Orthodox	20	0	10	145,805	70,840	74,965	105	45	60	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	25	15	10	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	10	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindu	25	20	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	120	75	45	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	30	15	15	421,710	218,255	203,455	225	125	100	0	0	0
Sikh	30	25	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	165	85	80	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	450	260	190	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	45	35	10	255	135	115
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	830	440	385	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	875	470	400	400	190	205
Non-movers	685	360	325	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	725	390	330	345	175	170
Movers	145	85	65	945,290	466,750	478,540	150	80	65	50	20	30
Non-migrants	85	40	45	543,670	268,740	274,925	120	65	55	25	0	25
Migrants	65	45	20	401,625	198,010	203,615	30	20	15	25	20	10
Internal migrants	35	25	10	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0	25	20	10
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0	20	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	25	15	10	52,530	27,270	25,265	30	20	15	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	805	440	375	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	840	455	390	380	175	205
Non-movers	395	220	180	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	390	185	205	210	100	110
Movers	410	220	190	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	450	265	185	175	75	95
Non-migrants	130	50	85	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	180	125	55	115	50	70
Migrants	275	170	105	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	270	145	125	55	30	30
Internal migrants	120	75	50	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	15	10	0	50	25	30
Intraprovincial migrants	90	55	30	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	10	0	0	35	25	10
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0	20	0	15
External migrants	155	100	60	320,090	166,115	153,975	260	135	125	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	140	170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	40	15	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	265	140	120	30	15	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	735	390	340	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	490	265	225	280	125	155
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	510	280	225	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	510	255	255	230	100	130
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	642,800	382,415	260,380	145	65	80	15	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	490	270	220	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	365	190	175	220	100	125
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	135	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	35	15	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	260	135	120	20	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	40	15	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	210	140	70	60	35	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	690	360	325	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	290	135	155	225	90	140
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	85	80	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	125	55	70	115	45	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	50	35	15	30	20	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	10	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	20	10	10	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	30	25	0	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	55	45	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	70	20	50	55	15	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	252,815	102,150	150,665	10	0	10	25	15	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	525	275	250	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	165	80	85	115	45	75
Bachelor's degree	250	130	120	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	85	35	45	75	20	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	30	149,425	66,595	82,825	35	20	15	15	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	200	110	85	360,795	174,150	186,645	40	20	20	15	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	285	225	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	510	255	255	235	95	135
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	15	0	525,155	303,815	221,345	145	65	80	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15	0	10	752,855	388,160	364,700	150	105	45	30	15	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	475	265	210	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	220	90	135	190	75	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	45	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	80	30	55	80	40	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	0	10	836,455	498,385	338,075	25	20	10	25	15	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	0	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	10	0	0	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	20	15	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	30	30	838,140	372,455	465,685	50	10	40	45	10	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	385	225	165	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	135	55	80	115	40	70
Bachelor's degree	170	110	60	802,755	343,100	459,650	65	20	45	75	25	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	15	119,460	50,155	69,310	30	15	15	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	170	95	75	302,065	140,530	161,530	30	15	15	15	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	795	430	365	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	750	405	350	310	140	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	105	75	30	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	465	270	195	80	50	30
Education	30	0	20	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	10	0	0	0
13. Education	30	0	20	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	10	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	30	25	166,900	75,420	91,480	0	0	0	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	30	25	143,365	58,875	84,490	0	0	0	20	10	10
Humanities	65	10	55	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	0	15	50	10	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	107,105	44,755	62,345	15	0	15	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	140	65	75	430,845	142,280	288,570	45	20	25	55	15	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	10	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0	30	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	79,155	6,625	72,535	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	77,880	29,725	48,160	10	10	0	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	20	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	35	15	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	15	10	10	15	0	15
Business, management and public administration	145	85	60	950,820	357,290	593,535	55	30	25	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	135	75	60	894,690	344,770	549,925	50	25	25	25	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	30	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	0	10	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	20	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	10	10	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	147,845	110,915	36,930	25	10	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	55	15	866,885	778,835	88,060	55	40	20	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	35	15	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	20	0	10	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	20	15	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	50	25	25	515,215	101,455	413,760	40	10	30	25	15	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	20	20	470,150	78,875	391,275	40	10	30	25	15	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	510	285	225	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	510	255	255	230	100	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30	20	10	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	290	165	120	40	20	15
Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10	10	0	10
13. Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	20	129,065	58,170	70,895	0	0	0	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	20	20	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0	20	10	10
Humanities	45	0	35	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	0	15	40	10	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	15	0	15	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	55	45	334,475	103,635	230,840	45	20	25	55	15	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0	25	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	64,690	4,665	60,025	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	10	59,965	20,645	39,325	10	10	0	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	20	10	0	15	0	15
Business, management and public administration	120	65	55	741,390	268,705	472,685	25	10	15	20	10	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	115	60	55	697,775	259,725	438,045	20	10	15	20	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	0	10	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	15	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	10	15	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	15	126,845	95,720	31,120	25	10	15	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	35	15	665,365	588,950	76,415	45	30	15	20	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	35	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	10	10	0	10	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	15	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	20	0	387,725	74,730	312,995	35	0	30	20	10	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	15	0	352,905	58,735	294,170	35	0	30	20	10	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	510	285	225	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	510	255	255	230	100	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	290	165	120	40	20	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	475	265	210	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	220	85	130	190	80	110
Location of study inside Canada	310	195	115	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	65	30	30	175	70	110
Same as province or territory of residence	275	175	105	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	65	30	30	165	60	105
Different than province or territory of residence	30	25	10	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0	15	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	170	70	95	414,490	209,160	205,330	155	55	100	20	10	0
Americas	45	15	30	81,780	40,955	40,820	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States of America	25	10	10	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	30	60	138,260	74,045	64,210	10	0	10	20	10	0
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	65	25	45	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	15	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	20	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	20	10	10	96,865	43,055	53,805	90	20	65	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	55	10	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	795	435	360	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	750	405	345	310	135	165
In the labour force	580	340	245	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	485	305	180	240	100	140
Employed	540	315	225	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	430	255	175	230	95	135
Unemployed	40	25	15	335,015	176,245	158,775	55	50	0	10	10	0
Not in the labour force	215	90	120	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	265	100	165	65	35	35
Participation rate	73.0	78.2	68.1	64.1	67.4	60.9	64.7	75.3	52.2	77.4	74.1	84.8
Employment rate	67.9	72.4	62.5	59.3	62.3	56.3	57.3	63.0	50.7	74.2	70.4	81.8
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.4	6.1	7.6	7.7	7.4	11.3	16.4	0.0	4.2	10.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	795	430	365	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	750	405	350	310	140	170
Did not work¹⁸⁶	225	100	130	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	325	130	190	65	40	30
Worked	570	335	235	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	425	275	155	240	100	140
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	300	165	140	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	130	80	45	130	50	80
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	270	170	100	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	295	190	110	110	50	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	41.6	44.2	41.3	41.7	40.8	35.7	35.2	36.4	42.0	38.0	45.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	585	340	240	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	485	305	180	240	100	140
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	15	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	570	335	230	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	470	295	180	235	95	140
Employee	520	315	210	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	415	240	175	195	85	110
Permanent position	380	215	160	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	300	155	145	165	75	90
Temporary position	145	95	45	623,510	296,655	326,850	115	85	30	30	10	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	70	45	30	217,905	94,210	123,700	40	25	10	10	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	70	55	15	405,605	202,450	203,155	80	60	15	20	10	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	20	25	530,720	324,555	206,165	55	55	0	40	10	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	585	340	240	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	485	305	180	240	100	140
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	15	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	570	335	230	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	470	295	180	235	95	140
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	15	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	125	45	80	778,905	256,150	522,760	50	20	30	60	25	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	110	80	35	360,495	272,510	87,985	15	10	0	15	15	0
3 Health occupations	25	10	15	359,665	70,075	289,590	15	0	15	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	110	60	55	558,725	166,020	392,700	40	20	20	50	20	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15	146,560	72,400	74,165	10	10	0	45	20	25
6 Sales and service occupations	100	65	35	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	150	90	60	45	10	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	20	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	95	95	0	10	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	10	0	10	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	20	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	80	40	45	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	585	340	240	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	485	305	180	240	100	140
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	15	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	570	335	230	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	470	295	180	235	95	140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	10	0	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	20	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	10	10	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	55	45	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	50	30	20	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	25	0	10	147,340	96,670	50,670	50	30	20	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	45	35	10	514,090	248,905	265,185	100	55	45	15	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	10	10	209,445	161,115	48,330	60	50	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	10	94,130	57,495	36,630	0	0	0	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	45	25	15	169,985	74,020	95,960	10	0	10	20	10	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	105	55	55	345,345	193,365	151,985	20	10	10	35	15	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	55	35	10	0	0	0
61 Educational services	55	25	30	340,885	104,300	236,590	20	10	0	35	15	20
62 Health care and social assistance	40	15	25	617,200	122,675	494,525	30	0	30	20	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	10	0	0	25	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	40	25	15	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	25	15	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	10	0	20	10	10
91 Public administration	40	20	15	290,765	144,705	146,055	0	0	0	25	10	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	615	370	245	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	505	300	200	250	105	145
English	145	95	50	350,525	195,385	155,145	235	155	80	15	10	0
French	130	70	55	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	105	65	40	195	75	115
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	15	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	310	190	125	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	110	70	40	45	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	15	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	615	370	245	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	505	300	200	250	105	145
Single responses	540	340	205	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	480	290	195	245	105	145
Official languages	535	330	205	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	445	275	170	245	105	145
English	260	150	105	668,485	365,785	302,695	300	190	110	15	10	0
French	280	180	100	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	150	85	65	230	90	140
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	35	15	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	35	45	269,365	142,370	126,995	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and French	65	30	45	249,945	132,640	117,300	20	15	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	615	370	245	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	505	300	200	250	105	145
None	345	200	145	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	380	240	140	210	85	120
English	145	105	40	720,960	391,075	329,885	50	35	20	35	10	20
French	110	55	50	302,145	161,340	140,805	65	30	30	0	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	540	310	225	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	430	255	175	225	95	135
Worked at home	295	170	125	897,770	435,285	462,480	75	50	30	100	45	55
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	20	15	442,035	333,730	108,305	95	65	35	35	20	20
Usual place of work	200	115	85	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	250	140	115	85	30	60
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	200	115	80	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	250	140	110	90	30	60
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	160	95	65	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	155	75	85	85	30	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	30	25	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	15	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	60	45	20	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	235	140	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	350	200	145	125	50	80
Car, truck or van	85	55	30	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	135	115	15	50	20	35
Car, truck or van - as a driver	75	45	30	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	120	100	10	45	15	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	20	15	0	10	0	0
Public transit	70	35	40	287,345	120,460	166,885	170	75	95	50	15	35
Walked	60	45	15	178,645	78,570	100,075	35	10	25	15	0	0
Bicycle	10	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	235	140	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	350	200	145	125	50	80
Less than 15 minutes	35	20	15	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	55	25	30	30	10	20
15 to 29 minutes	95	50	40	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	75	55	25	25	10	20
30 to 44 minutes	85	55	30	635,870	363,430	272,445	95	60	35	35	20	15
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	235,140	133,720	101,425	60	35	30	20	0	20
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	55	35	20	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	235	140	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	350	200	145	125	50	80
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	10	241,420	189,270	52,155	45	15	25	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	15	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	60	40	20	0	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	45	20	935,640	441,465	494,170	45	30	15	50	10	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	40	25	626,895	259,220	367,675	55	30	30	30	10	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	20	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	55	35	20	30	20	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	10	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	90	55	35	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	70	40	30	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	170	85	80	100	65	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	15	303,835	156,030	147,805	50	25	25	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	30	15	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	115	60	55	95	60	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45	25	20	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	120	60	65	75	40	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	45	20	30	5	0	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	175,305	90,000	85,305	45	15	20	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	10	992,895	508,315	484,580	70	35	35	70	40	25

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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