Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661223More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662115More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24662126More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,018	...	...	1,428	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	541	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	356	...	...	1,054	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	293	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	268	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,796.7	...	...	5,582.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	13,525.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.36	...	...	0.26	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,015	550	470	1,430	715	710	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	540	270	275
0 to 14 years	40	25	15	65	40	25	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	80	30	50
0 to 4 years	25	15	5	30	15	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	40	15	25
5 to 9 years	10	5	10	20	15	5	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	15	15
10 to 14 years	5	5	0	20	10	5	489,425	250,855	238,570	20	5	10
15 to 64 years	650	340	310	1,115	580	540	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	425	220	205
15 to 19 years	20	15	5	25	15	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	10	5	5
20 to 24 years	45	25	20	125	50	80	460,660	235,250	225,405	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	90	50	45	215	105	105	527,150	266,455	260,700	65	20	40
30 to 34 years	55	30	30	220	125	100	536,040	267,770	268,270	90	50	45
35 to 39 years	50	30	20	115	60	55	550,425	274,350	276,075	95	45	50
40 to 44 years	40	20	25	85	45	40	572,565	286,405	286,160	40	25	15
45 to 49 years	80	25	60	90	50	40	516,465	259,565	256,905	25	10	10
50 to 54 years	90	70	15	65	35	30	522,935	262,610	260,325	25	20	5
55 to 59 years	75	55	10	95	50	45	615,690	307,230	308,465	25	15	10
60 to 64 years	100	15	80	75	45	35	625,610	307,710	317,900	20	10	5
65 years and over	330	185	145	245	100	145	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	30	15	20
65 to 69 years	25	15	15	60	25	30	541,970	264,020	277,950	10	5	10
70 to 74 years	85	70	15	60	20	40	455,900	217,985	237,910	15	5	5
75 to 79 years	45	15	35	45	20	20	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	50	15	35	35	20	15	210,405	90,825	119,580	0	0	0
85 years and over	115	70	50	50	20	35	214,415	75,305	139,115	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	40	5	30	30	5	20	131,755	50,610	81,150	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	80	65	10	20	10	10	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	5	0	5	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3.9	4.5	3.2	4.5	5.6	3.5	16.4	17.0	15.8	14.8	11.1	18.2
15 to 64 years	64.0	61.8	66.0	78.0	81.1	76.1	63.0	63.9	62.1	78.7	81.5	74.5
65 years and over	32.5	33.6	30.9	17.1	14.0	20.4	20.6	19.1	22.1	5.6	5.6	7.3
85 years and over	11.3	12.7	10.6	3.5	2.8	4.9	2.5	1.8	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	54.4	53.9	54.9	43.0	42.1	44.0	42.8	41.8	43.7	35.1	36.4	33.8
Median age of the population	54.0	53.6	56.8	36.8	36.4	37.6	43.2	42.0	44.0	34.8	35.6	33.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...	98,625	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	200	...	...	165	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	130	...	...	660	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1 person	195	...	...	455	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	285	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	60	...	...	480,135	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	427,605	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	10	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	575	305	275	1,315	650	670	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	540	270	270
Average household size	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	975	520	460	1,360	680	685	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	455	235	225
Married or living common-law	250	125	125	615	320	290	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	245	125	120
Married	155	75	75	365	195	170	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	105	50	50
Living common-law	100	50	45	250	130	125	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	140	70	65
Living common law - Never married	90	40	45	215	110	105	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	130	70	60
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	0	25	15	15	261,885	135,520	126,370	10	5	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	725	395	330	745	360	390	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	215	110	100
Not married and not living common law - Never married	430	305	125	550	295	255	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	170	95	70
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	10	5	35	10	25	106,275	48,095	58,175	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	180	30	145	100	40	60	494,210	197,455	296,755	25	5	15
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	95	50	45	65	15	45	380,100	89,515	290,580	5	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	125	...	...	315	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	250	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	55	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	20	...	...	412,850	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	187,600	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.3	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	315	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	285	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	160	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	45	...	...	502,020	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	115	...	...	609,605	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	125	...	...	828,005	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	15	...	...	401,885	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	110	...	...	426,120	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	35	...	...	383,775	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	30	...	...	284,025	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	575	305	270	1,315	645	670	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	545	270	270
Total - Persons in census families	325	165	155	720	365	355	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	365	175	190
Married spouses or common-law partners	215	105	110	560	285	275	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	235	115	115
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	15	35	10	25	383,780	99,755	284,020	25	5	15
Children⁶	90	55	35	125	70	55	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	100	45	55
In a two-parent family	70	40	25	75	45	30	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	80	35	40
In a one-parent family	25	15	10	45	25	25	585,820	317,400	268,415	25	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	255	140	115	600	285	310	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	175	100	80
Living alone	190	100	95	455	210	245	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	95	45	50
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	5	45	20	25	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	45	30	10	95	60	35	268,810	158,325	110,485	75	50	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	295	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	135	...	...
Couple-family households	105	...	...	270	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	110	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	50	...	...	851,835	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	215	...	...	982,260	...	...	60	...	...
One-parent-family households	10	...	...	25	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	10	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	55	...	...	139,280	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	195	...	...	455	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	95	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	540	275	260	1,245	610	640	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	460	235	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	265	250	1,155	570	585	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	450	230	220
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	34,000	29,600	41,600	56,400	33,200	40,800	44,800	37,200	43,200	41,600	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	265	250	1,155	570	585	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	450	230	220
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	30,200	28,000	37,600	46,400	31,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	37,600	36,400	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	445	235	210	1,010	515	495	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	410	215	195
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,800	28,800	20,800	46,400	58,400	30,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	38,000	38,400	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	205	160	850	450	400	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	380	195	185
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	33,200	24,000	48,400	60,000	29,800	36,000	40,400	31,600	40,800	42,800	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	445	230	215	865	400	460	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	355	165	185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	8,600	13,500	8,000	6,120	9,800	11,500	10,200	12,300	8,900	8,600	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	35	30	90	40	50	837,635	441,080	396,550	65	30	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,840	5,240	5,840	5,840	5,600	5,520	5,520	5,600	6,000	5,480	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	165	90	70	315	150	170	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	160	85	70
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,000	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	7,000	6,500	8,000	10,000	9,500	10,300
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	490	250	245	1,295	615	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	250	245	1,190	565	620	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	445	240	205
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	44,800	37,600	71,000	93,600	50,400	51,160	57,550	44,960	53,000	52,800	53,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	250	245	1,190	565	620	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	445	240	205
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,600	36,800	32,400	53,500	67,200	41,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	43,000	42,000	44,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	220	195	1,050	515	530	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	390	215	180
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,000	71,600	96,000	48,200	45,480	52,900	38,000	49,400	50,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	190	160	830	440	395	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	360	185	170
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,800	33,600	73,000	93,600	49,800	46,240	51,950	40,040	50,200	51,600	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	210	200	880	390	490	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	350	180	170
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,560	11,400	11,800	10,420	9,640	11,080	12,410	11,500	13,220	12,120	11,900	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	40	15	65	35	30	837,180	441,665	395,515	65	30	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,400	12,000	6,600	8,500	4,000	7,040	6,380	7,780	8,000	6,000	9,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	145	75	70	345	160	180	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	165	100	60
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	10,400	11,200	9,560	9,400	9,700	8,130	7,910	8,390	11,300	10,800	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	495	250	240	1,290	610	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	205
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	135	75	55	425	255	165	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	150	80	65
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	62,400	51,200	90,000	94,000	78,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	73,000	79,500	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,000	68,000	52,000	101,200	113,000	84,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	80,000	80,000	84,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	85	60	345	140	200	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	165	75	85
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	18,800	17,400	19,400	19,400	20,600	18,600	21,400	16,600	22,800	25,600	21,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	24,400	18,500	51,000	84,000	27,600	28,160	32,120	24,360	30,800	33,000	28,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.5	79.0	74.0	89.2	93.0	83.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	82.0	84.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.8	66.0	59.0	72.0	77.5	62.8	65.4	68.8	61.0	76.0	77.0	75.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.4	21.2	26.0	10.9	7.1	17.4	20.1	15.8	25.6	18.0	16.4	19.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.0	2.5	0.5	0.6	0.4	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.2	1.4	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.4	7.7	9.4	4.3	3.0	6.3	5.4	4.8	6.1	8.2	9.2	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.6	6.8	8.5	3.9	2.9	5.7	4.6	4.3	5.1	7.7	8.8	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	535	280	260	1,250	610	640	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	235	225
Without total income	20	10	10	90	40	55	179,955	87,650	92,310	5	0	0
With total income	520	270	250	1,155	570	585	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	455	235	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	115	45	70	462,400	204,245	258,155	35	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	35	145	65	80	809,375	334,315	475,065	40	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	70	180	65	120	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	70	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	35	110	50	65	896,520	414,070	482,445	70	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	30	90	35	50	849,005	411,680	437,325	60	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	75	40	35	687,020	345,720	341,305	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	35	25	15	65	35	30	503,110	271,695	231,415	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	55	30	25	367,455	208,475	158,980	30	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	50	35	15	284,690	158,760	125,930	30	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	50	30	25	198,140	112,355	85,780	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	30	25	10	210	140	70	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	25	25
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	5	115	75	40	385,890	245,635	140,260	35	15	20
$150,000 and over	15	15	0	90	65	30	170,890	120,065	50,820	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	535	280	260	1,250	610	640	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	235	225
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	90	40	55	177,960	86,610	91,355	5	0	0
With after-tax income	520	270	250	1,155	570	585	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	455	235	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	20	25	120	45	70	495,035	214,000	281,030	35	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	35	150	65	80	853,250	356,480	496,765	45	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	150	75	75	210	75	135	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	80	40	35
$30,000 to $39,999	80	35	40	125	50	80	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	85	40	45
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	30	130	80	55	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	20	95	50	45	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	20	15	5	65	40	25	459,665	251,490	208,170	40	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	65	40	25	292,135	160,985	131,150	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	50	30	20	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	25	15	15	106,165	67,055	39,105	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	115	80	40	229,765	156,750	73,020	15	5	10
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	55	35	15	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	0	5
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	65	45	25	110,635	78,130	32,505	10	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	535	280	260	1,250	610	640	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	235	225
Without employment income	175	70	100	400	165	240	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	80	40	40
With employment income	365	205	160	845	445	400	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	380	195	185
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	35	35	125	50	70	644,075	331,770	312,300	35	20	15
$5,000 to $9,999	35	20	10	70	25	45	401,185	180,585	220,595	25	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	25	90	50	45	603,350	273,725	329,620	45	20	25
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	15	65	25	40	495,105	228,670	266,435	45	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	45	20	25	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	45	20	20	485,845	242,230	243,610	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	10	55	35	20	403,980	217,425	186,560	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	45	25	20	320,700	184,770	135,935	30	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	50	30	20	250,635	147,020	103,615	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	40	30	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	10	40	25	20	141,540	86,090	55,450	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	25	20	0	185	115	65	422,055	285,910	136,145	45	20	20
$100,000 to $124,999	15	5	0	65	40	25	205,085	133,500	71,585	20	15	5
$125,000 and over	15	10	0	120	80	40	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	10	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	540	275	260	1,245	610	640	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	460	235	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	260	240	1,130	555	570	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	435	225	210
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	30,400	26,200	32,000	42,800	25,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	40,800	37,200	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	260	240	1,130	555	570	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	435	225	210
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400	28,600	25,800	29,600	36,800	23,800	34,000	37,600	30,600	36,000	34,800	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	230	200	995	505	485	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	395	210	190
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	31,000	23,400	37,600	46,400	29,000	34,800	40,400	29,200	39,200	38,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	205	160	795	415	380	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	360	185	175
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	34,400	24,400	41,600	48,800	31,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	41,600	42,000	41,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	405	200	205	755	350	405	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	320	150	175
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,320	2,300	6,240	1,980	1,440	2,360	7,800	5,640	9,100	2,080	2,000	2,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	20	20	35	25	15	727,165	390,255	336,910	55	25	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,140	3,120	x	5,160	5,200	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,200	3,600	6,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	490	250	245	1,295	615	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	240	240	1,140	545	595	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	425	230	200
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,000	58,000	74,400	42,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	45,800	44,800	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	240	240	1,140	545	595	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	425	230	200
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,400	29,600	43,800	54,400	34,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	38,000	36,800	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	210	195	1,005	500	500	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	385	210	175
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,600	34,000	60,900	78,000	44,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	44,400	44,400	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	190	155	725	380	350	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	350	180	175
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,400	34,000	62,100	76,800	45,800	46,240	52,450	39,520	45,000	46,800	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	180	190	730	320	410	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	315	160	155
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,560	7,700	7,450	6,940	5,820	7,840	9,450	8,430	10,320	7,600	6,100	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	30	0	30	15	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	50	20	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	4,400	...	12,000	6,000	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	13,200	9,000	16,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	495	250	240	1,290	610	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	205
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	130	75	55	350	215	135	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	155	80	75
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	52,400	48,400	77,000	84,000	63,200	54,800	60,000	49,200	49,600	70,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,000	60,000	52,000	86,000	92,000	77,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	64,000	70,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	80	60	260	115	140	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	140	65	75
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	28,600	19,400	25,800	25,000	28,000	23,600	27,200	21,000	25,800	24,800	28,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	30,000	20,000	53,600	77,000	34,500	33,000	37,800	28,360	30,800	28,000	34,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.0	86.0	82.0	92.4	95.0	87.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	88.0	90.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	68.5	72.0	64.0	68.4	72.0	62.8	70.0	73.4	66.0	81.0	82.0	80.0
Government transfers (%)	15.5	14.0	17.2	7.7	4.6	12.6	14.9	10.8	20.2	12.4	9.6	15.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.2	x	0.5	0.3	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	3.0	1.6	4.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	64,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	54,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	195	...	...	455	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,600	...	...	42,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,800	...	...	38,800	...	...	34,400	...	...	37,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	150	...	...	370	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	83,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	335	...	...	855	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	98,200	...	...	92,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	74,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	455	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	51,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	56,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	41,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	405	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	125,600	...	...	116,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	94,400	...	...	94,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	55	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	52,080	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	82,470	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	70	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	35	...	...	144,420	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	55	...	...	143,285	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	50	...	...	310,880	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	50	...	...	280,505	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	45	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	45	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	208,320	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	260	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	70	...	...	414,805	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	70	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	307,835	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	75	...	...	239,060	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	340	...	...	825	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	60	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	87,695	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	80	...	...	234,875	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	177,135	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	55	...	...	180,150	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	210,280	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	193,530	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	60	...	...	356,325	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	60	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	40	...	...	289,580	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	254,885	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	45	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	175	...	...	892,775	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	70	...	...	387,835	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	225,830	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	70	...	...	279,105	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	330	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	81,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	220	...	...	991,710	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	60	...	...	907,765	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	35	...	...	368,845	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	49,200	...	...	69,000	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	42,400	...	...	61,600	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	240	130	110	550	265	285	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	165	95	70
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,400	29,200	28,400	37,600	54,800	30,400	36,800	39,200	34,800	37,600	37,200	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,800	27,400	26,400	34,400	45,600	28,800	33,200	34,800	31,600	33,200	32,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	130	...	...	365	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	125,600	...	...	117,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	94,800	...	...	95,100	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	235	...	...	992,110	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	65	...	...	909,160	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	220,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	35	...	...	367,155	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	90,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	72,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	210	115	95	550	230	325	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	165	100	70
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	42,000	39,500	70,000	107,000	43,600	45,480	48,000	42,920	46,400	46,000	46,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	34,500	33,500	52,600	75,000	36,400	38,040	39,400	36,640	38,400	37,500	39,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	580	305	275	1,315	650	665	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	540	270	275
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	80	45	35	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	90	35	50
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	35	20	15	515,725	264,785	250,935	50	20	35
18 to 64 years	420	225	195	1,020	510	505	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	425	220	205
65 years and over	105	45	60	215	90	130	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	30	10	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	155	75	80	360	150	210	992,235	463,295	528,940	50	30	25
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	15	10	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	95	40	45	230	100	130	515,470	256,435	259,035	40	20	15
65 years and over	55	20	30	115	40	75	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.2	25.0	30.0	27.4	23.2	31.4	11.9	11.2	12.7	9.6	10.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	20.0	x	20.0	24.0	20.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	5.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	16.0	20.0	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	22.0	19.5	25.0	22.2	19.6	25.2	10.2	10.1	10.2	9.0	11.0	7.0
65 years and over (%)	50.0	52.0	52.0	53.0	44.0	60.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	25.0	x	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	575	305	270	1,315	645	670	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	545	270	270
0 to 17 years	50	35	20	75	45	30	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	85	35	50
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	35	20	15	511,400	262,535	248,860	50	15	30
18 to 64 years	420	225	195	1,020	515	505	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	420	225	200
65 years and over	105	50	60	220	90	125	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	35	15	15
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	55	40	250	100	150	439,850	223,055	216,795	60	35	25
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	10	5	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	5	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70	40	30	185	80	105	313,970	167,015	146,955	45	30	20
65 years and over	20	10	10	60	20	40	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.8	17.5	15.2	19.2	15.6	22.8	5.3	5.4	5.2	10.4	12.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	16.0	x	12.0	12.0	16.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	5.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	17.0	18.0	16.0	18.0	15.2	20.8	6.2	6.6	5.8	11.2	13.0	9.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0	26.0	20.0	31.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	20.0	x	25.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	575	305	275	1,315	650	665	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	540	270	275
In bottom half of the distribution	400	210	190	750	340	415	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	275	145	135
In bottom decile	145	80	70	340	145	195	851,840	407,705	444,140	70	40	30
In second decile	80	40	45	125	60	65	920,490	434,730	485,760	60	30	30
In third decile	65	35	30	90	40	50	969,255	471,650	497,600	50	25	30
In fourth decile	60	30	30	90	40	45	978,345	482,760	495,590	50	25	25
In fifth decile	50	30	20	110	55	50	947,090	473,285	473,810	40	20	20
In top half of the distribution	175	95	80	565	310	255	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	265	125	140
In sixth decile	45	25	20	85	40	45	899,660	454,970	444,690	60	25	35
In seventh decile	30	15	15	105	55	45	837,225	425,400	411,830	50	25	30
In eighth decile	50	25	25	80	45	35	752,410	383,450	368,955	80	40	35
In ninth decile	30	20	10	115	70	50	634,425	325,700	308,730	45	25	25
In top decile	25	15	15	185	100	80	517,725	267,160	250,565	35	15	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	575	...	...	1,315	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	545	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.368	...	...	0.487	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.301	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.532	...	...	0.577	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.319	...	...	0.423	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3	...	...	8.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
English only	85	55	35	400	195	210	445,575	228,840	216,735	75	35	40
French only	185	85	100	100	45	55	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	85	40	50
English and French	410	230	175	725	385	340	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	370	190	175
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	140	60	80	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	0	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
English	170	90	75	615	300	315	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	170	90	85
French	465	245	215	515	270	240	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	335	165	165
English and French	50	30	15	105	50	50	329,515	169,050	160,465	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	135	55	75	79,000	33,590	45,410	10	0	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
Single responses	660	360	300	1,250	625	625	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	500	245	250
Official languages	490	265	225	625	335	295	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	390	195	195
English	80	45	35	210	105	105	639,365	323,170	316,195	95	50	45
French	405	220	185	420	230	190	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	295	145	150
Non-official languages	170	95	80	620	290	330	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	105	50	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	95	80	620	290	330	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	105	50	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	70	35	35	233,220	122,895	110,320	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	70	35	35	204,600	107,735	96,865	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	65	30	30	198,785	104,765	94,020	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	5	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	10	5	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35	175	90	85	595,790	290,670	305,115	65	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	30	10	20	68,295	30,855	37,435	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	30	10	15	67,565	30,570	36,995	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	5	0	5
Russian	5	0	5	15	10	10	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	5	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	5	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	15	5	5	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	5	5	5	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	5	5	5	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	35	20	15	101,450	52,780	48,665	20	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	10	5	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	38,400	19,305	19,090	10	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	35,615	17,770	17,850	10	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	20	15	5	22,130	10,990	11,140	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	85	50	40	346,000	167,870	178,130	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	10	0	5	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	5
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	10	55	30	25	177,155	86,490	90,660	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	40	320	140	180	87,540	40,170	47,375	15	10	10
Chinese languages	70	40	35	320	140	180	87,155	39,990	47,160	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	35	30	80	25	55	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	0	210	100	115	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	120	60	55	308,550	155,455	153,095	45	25	20
English and French	10	5	5	50	30	15	126,405	64,585	61,820	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	40	20	20	49,485	24,660	24,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	5	10	94,205	46,880	47,320	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
English	90	50	40	255	120	130	623,305	313,780	309,520	90	45	45
French	355	190	165	315	175	135	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	245	115	125
Non-official language	65	40	30	230	105	125	366,730	177,410	189,315	25	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	40	30	230	105	125	343,650	165,830	177,825	25	10	10
English and French	65	30	35	140	75	65	497,380	256,735	240,645	95	50	45
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	235	115	120	205,755	102,290	103,470	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	15	45	20	20	375,795	179,585	196,210	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	115	50	65	284,940	141,275	143,665	30	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	15	20	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
Single responses	660	355	305	1,220	620	605	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	500	250	255
Official languages	545	290	255	830	440	390	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	455	225	230
English	140	75	70	410	210	200	874,185	438,570	435,615	145	75	70
French	400	210	190	420	230	190	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	310	150	160
Non-official languages	115	70	50	395	180	215	662,615	322,860	339,750	45	20	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	70	50	395	180	215	628,365	305,820	322,555	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	35	15	15	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	30	15	15	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	25	15	10	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	5	5	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	25	25	100	45	50	336,635	164,100	172,535	30	10	20
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	15	10	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	10	10	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	10	5	5	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	20	10	10	74,455	38,045	36,410	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	0	5	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	20	10	10	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	40	15	30	182,585	88,060	94,525	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	5	10	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	15	25	10	20	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	20	250	105	140	67,120	31,725	35,390	15	5	10
Chinese languages	50	35	20	250	105	140	66,880	31,610	35,275	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	30	15	50	20	35	46,925	22,275	24,650	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	0	175	80	95	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10	145	70	75	357,245	176,070	181,175	40	20	15
English and French	15	5	5	55	25	30	137,120	69,025	68,095	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	65	35	35	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	10	116,595	56,445	60,150	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	15	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	685	375	315	1,365	685	680	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	270	270
None	530	295	240	905	460	450	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	390	190	200
English	50	25	25	145	70	80	353,690	183,470	170,225	70	35	30
French	45	30	20	60	35	25	259,425	127,380	132,040	35	20	15
Non-official language	30	10	20	145	65	80	269,715	129,830	139,890	40	20	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	20	150	65	80	264,405	127,330	137,070	40	20	15
English and French	10	5	10	20	10	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	30	20	15	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	25	10	15	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	20	10	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	555	285	275	1,390	665	730	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	520	280	240
Official languages	545	280	260	1,270	625	645	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	515	280	235
English	445	240	205	1,160	560	595	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	435	245	190
French	445	220	220	830	440	395	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	470	255	215
Non-official languages	275	130	145	860	370	490	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	150	75	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	275	130	145	860	370	490	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	150	75	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	385,210	201,105	184,100	20	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	363,875	190,005	173,870	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	110	45	60	343,675	179,750	163,930	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	20	0	15	49,720	23,320	26,405	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	20	0	15	37,655	17,735	19,920	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	65	75	370	185	190	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	95	45	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	10	30	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	10	30	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	20	0	45	25	25	65,625	33,305	32,320	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	15	15	0	30	25	15	57,640	29,540	28,105	10	10	0
German	15	15	0	30	25	15	44,170	22,715	21,450	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	15	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	95	55	35	136,020	71,180	64,840	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	60	30	30	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	10	50	30	20	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	0	15	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	35	25	10	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	40	60	190	100	90	684,830	324,095	360,735	60	30	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	25	10	10	168,040	82,400	85,645	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	20	15	65,605	33,005	32,600	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	85	40	55	160	75	80	453,905	210,400	243,505	45	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	15	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	30	10	20	75,835	37,990	37,845	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	10	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	45	285	100	185	107,415	49,840	57,575	10	0	10
Chinese languages	90	40	45	285	100	185	106,915	49,630	57,285	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	30	115	35	85	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	0	15	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	230	80	145	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	555	285	270	1,395	665	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	520	285	240
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	20	15	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	15	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15	15	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	550	280	270	1,370	650	720	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	510	280	230
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	555	285	270	1,395	665	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	520	285	240
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	555	285	270	1,380	660	720	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	520	285	240
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Owner	75	...	...	140	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	110	...	...
Renter	255	...	...	720	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	160	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Condominium	150	...	...	780	...	...	515,590	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	180	...	...	80	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	50	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	160	...	...	470	...	...	623,295	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	300	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	130	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...	25	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	730,330	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	235	...	...	770	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	160	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	60	...	...	645,635	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	10	...	...	435,225	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	886,180	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.8	...	...	3.1	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
One person or fewer per room	310	...	...	850	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	270	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	10	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Suitable	305	...	...	800	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	250	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	60	...	...	142,775	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1960 or before	75	...	...	65	...	...	879,375	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	60	...	...	70	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	115	...	...	509,120	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	60	...	...	385,315	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	80	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	110	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	35	...	...	155	...	...	212,290	...	...	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	210	...	...	217,715	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	855	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	235	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	0	...	...	236,110	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
One-maintainer household	230	...	...	590	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	160	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	260	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	105	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	15	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	55	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	70	...	...	285	...	...	525,540	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	85	...	...	120	...	...	647,165	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	125	...	...	628,630	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	105	...	...	760,395	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	75	...	...	629,965	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	45	...	...	40	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	45	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	330	...	...	825	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	250	...	...	505	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	215	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	320	...	...	595,690	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	270	...	...	542,060	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	330	...	...	860	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	155	...	...	365	...	...	901,440	...	...	105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...	300	...	...	537,090	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	35	...	...	112,775	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	20	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	175	...	...	495	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	305	...	...	770	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	270	...	...
In core need	50	...	...	100	...	...	218,275	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	255	...	...	675	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	75	...	...	135	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	110	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.7	...	...	40.7	...	...	62.2	...	...	72.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	44.4	...	...	10.0	...	...	27.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,230	...	...	1,060	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,490	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,640	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,460	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	424,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	460,000	...	...	590,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	550,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	260	...	...	720	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	25.0	...	...	10.4	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.8	...	...	37.7	...	...	25.2	...	...	18.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.3	...	...	10.8	...	...	11.9	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	695	...	...	1,600	...	...	810	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	1,580	...	...	886	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	555	285	270	1,390	665	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	525	285	240
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	20	20	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	35	15	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	20	20	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	35	15	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	535	275	260	1,370	645	725	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	480	265	210
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	555	285	270	1,390	660	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	525	285	235
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	420	240	185	865	405	455	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	465	245	220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	60	35	30	75	30	45	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	80	45	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	365	205	155	790	375	410	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	380	205	175
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	130	50	85	525	260	270	518,265	264,490	253,775	60	35	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	555	285	270	1,390	660	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	525	285	235
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	310	170	140	470	245	220	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	395	220	175
Immigrants⁸¹	165	75	85	585	255	330	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	105	55	50
Before 1980	15	10	0	55	20	30	187,200	91,895	95,300	15	0	15
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	130	45	80	124,610	61,850	62,755	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	0	115	35	80	190,495	91,635	98,860	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	55	30	20	65	40	25	312,210	150,825	161,390	40	20	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	15	50	220	110	115	396,090	192,745	203,340	35	20	10
2011 to 2015	15	0	10	90	55	35	193,345	93,485	99,855	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	55	10	45	135	55	80	202,740	99,260	103,480	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	35	45	340	165	175	205,770	113,500	92,275	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	165	75	85	585	255	335	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	110	55	55
Under 5 years	10	0	0	25	15	15	112,295	56,755	55,540	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	90	45	40	201,385	101,555	99,835	25	0	15
15 to 24 years	30	20	10	85	40	40	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	95	35	65	275	120	155	594,845	292,975	301,875	50	40	10
45 years and over	20	15	0	115	35	85	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	165	75	85	585	255	335	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	110	55	55
Americas	35	20	15	75	45	35	264,885	121,740	143,145	20	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	35	15	20	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	10	90	45	40	309,015	154,110	154,910	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	15	0	0	50	35	20	93,160	49,870	43,290	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	15	10	10	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15	30	10	20	302,010	153,655	148,355	30	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	10	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	15	10	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	25	20	10
Asia	80	30	45	370	145	230	332,925	158,445	174,475	30	15	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20	15	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	20	0	20	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	60	25	30	160	55	105	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	65	20	40	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	30	15	15	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	0	20	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	15	10	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	10	45	130	50	75	202,740	99,265	103,480	15	15	0
Americas	0	0	0	35	15	25	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	30	15	15	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	20	15	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	15	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	45	10	30	65	20	40	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	10	0	10	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	15	10	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	555	285	270	1,390	665	730	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	520	285	240
First generation¹⁰⁰	245	110	135	970	430	540	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	130	70	65
Second generation¹⁰¹	55	40	10	110	45	65	883,485	446,000	437,490	85	35	50
Third generation or more¹⁰²	255	135	125	305	190	120	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	305	180	130
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	145	65	80	535	235	300	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	90	50	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	95	50	45	295	155	140	559,935	290,040	269,895	40	25	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	40	15	150	100	55	267,870	161,125	106,740	25	20	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	25	140	50	90	292,070	128,915	163,155	15	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	0	40	175	65	120	272,255	109,735	162,515	30	20	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	15	0	55	25	40	175,740	89,995	85,740	15	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	145	65	80	535	235	300	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	90	50	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	15	10	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	50	20	30	94,185	46,445	47,740	15	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	35	25	10	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	30	10	20	48,805	27,680	21,130	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	115	55	60	405	170	240	756,120	358,700	397,420	60	30	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	560	285	270	1,390	665	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	520	285	240
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	220	115	105	700	295	405	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	130	65	60
South Asian	30	15	10	65	35	30	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	90	45	50	260	95	170	115,240	51,375	63,865	15	0	10
Black	40	25	10	50	25	25	422,405	206,335	216,070	40	30	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	80	30	50	280,075	146,990	133,085	0	0	0
Latin American	30	15	15	75	40	30	172,925	85,035	87,880	25	15	10
Southeast Asian	30	15	15	30	10	20	70,455	33,510	36,945	10	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	35	20	15	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	25	10	15	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	40	10	30	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	335	165	165	690	370	320	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	390	220	170
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	555	285	270	1,390	660	730	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	525	280	235
Canadian	75	35	40	125	60	60	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	95	70	30
English	0	0	0	10	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	25	15	10
Irish	60	20	35	80	45	35	404,190	193,440	210,745	95	35	60
Scottish	15	10	0	25	10	15	192,685	93,120	99,565	70	35	35
French, n.o.s.¹²²	115	50	60	280	170	110	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	185	110	75
German	20	10	0	65	35	25	124,305	60,295	64,010	45	30	15
Chinese	85	40	45	265	100	170	123,985	55,730	68,255	15	0	15
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	15	316,315	157,600	158,720	30	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	40	20	20	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	15	15	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	15	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	0	35	63,505	31,010	32,495	15	10	10
Québécois	20	20	0	30	15	20	931,940	465,630	466,305	35	20	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	15	15	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	10	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	35	20	10	588,805	290,630	298,180	30	15	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	10	10	55	25	25	149,955	75,935	74,020	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10	15	10	10	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	15	0	15	10	0	10	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	40	20	20	77,735	37,960	39,775	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	10	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	25	0	20	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	60	35	30	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	10	10	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	25	25	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	10	0	10
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	20	15	10	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	15	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	20	20	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	20	0	15	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	10	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	15	0	10	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	15	0	15	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	15	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	10	10	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	10	10	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	555	285	270	1,390	665	725	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	520	285	240
Buddhist	30	10	20	45	10	30	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	165	80	85	435	200	230	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	170	95	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	40	15	30	45	15	30	464,020	229,155	234,860	15	15	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	25	15	10	55,290	26,065	29,230	20	20	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	100	50	50	285	145	140	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	130	65	65
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25	0	25	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	20	0	10	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	30	15	10	50	35	15	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	20	15	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	25	20	10	125	65	65	421,710	218,255	203,455	30	15	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	10	0	25	0	20	26,385	12,370	14,010	15	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	285	145	140	685	330	360	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	305	170	135
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	550	280	265	1,370	650	720	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	520	285	235
Non-movers	435	215	215	905	390	510	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	440	240	200
Movers	110	65	45	470	260	205	945,290	466,750	478,540	75	45	35
Non-migrants	100	60	40	280	160	120	543,670	268,740	274,925	75	45	35
Migrants	10	0	10	195	105	90	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	10	0	10	50	30	25	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10	30	20	10	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	25	10	15	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	140	75	65	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	525	265	260	1,355	645	715	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	495	270	225
Non-movers	245	120	120	405	180	225	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	295	160	140
Movers	280	145	140	950	460	485	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	195	105	90
Non-migrants	165	90	80	290	175	110	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	140	75	60
Migrants	120	55	60	660	280	375	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	60	30	30
Internal migrants	40	25	15	225	100	130	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	30	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	35	25	15	125	65	55	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	105	40	65	83,805	41,925	41,880	15	10	0
External migrants	80	40	45	430	180	250	320,090	166,115	153,975	30	15	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	495	250	240	1,290	610	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	205
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	85	35	50	165	70	90	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	70	45	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	410	220	190	1,130	545	585	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	380	200	180
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	350	165	185	955	495	460	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	395	210	180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	25	25	50	30	20	642,800	382,415	260,380	35	25	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	300	140	160	900	460	440	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	355	180	170
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	490	255	245	1,295	615	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	200
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	25	55	150	60	90	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	60	40	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	135	70	70	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	80	60	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	365	195	165	1,010	485	525	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	310	150	160
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	90	45	230	90	135	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	120	65	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	40	10	55	40	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	50	20	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	30	10	40	30	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	35	15	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	15	10	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	35	25	140	50	90	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	65	40	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	10	35	0	35	252,815	102,150	150,665	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	230	110	120	775	390	390	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	185	80	100
Bachelor's degree	110	55	55	355	170	185	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	105	45	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	70	20	50	149,425	66,595	82,825	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	60	25	35	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	85	25	60	265	155	110	360,795	174,150	186,645	50	20	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	25	20	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	165	190	950	490	460	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	390	210	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	15	25	40	25	15	525,155	303,815	221,345	30	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	20	10	10	65	45	25	752,855	388,160	364,700	60	50	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	295	140	150	840	415	425	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	300	145	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	55	35	155	65	95	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	115	65	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	45	25	15	836,455	498,385	338,075	45	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	20	10	30	25	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	30	10	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	10	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	25	20	95	30	60	838,140	372,455	465,685	65	40	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	25	0	20	174,695	72,115	102,580	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	205	90	115	690	355	330	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	180	75	105
Bachelor's degree	95	45	55	325	160	165	802,755	343,100	459,650	100	40	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	60	20	40	119,460	50,155	69,310	20	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	45	20	25	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	80	20	60	240	150	90	302,065	140,530	161,530	50	25	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	15	10	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	490	255	240	1,295	615	680	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	445	245	200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	50	75	285	130	160	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	135	95	45
Education	10	0	10	25	10	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	0
13. Education	10	0	10	25	10	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	20	80	40	45	166,900	75,420	91,480	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	20	10	10	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	20	60	25	30	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	10	0
Humanities	35	20	10	60	20	45	228,770	90,810	137,960	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	15	10	25	10	20	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	20	0	20	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20	10	10	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	15	15	140	50	95	430,845	142,280	288,570	40	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	10	20	57,080	19,060	38,020	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	79,155	6,625	72,535	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	35	15	10	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	50	15	35	134,510	67,065	67,440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	75	20	50	330	150	180	950,820	357,290	593,535	85	35	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	10	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	20	50	320	140	180	894,690	344,770	549,925	85	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	40	20	25	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	25	15	10	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	15	0	10	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	0	65	50	15	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	50	45	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	20	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	15	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	80	0	110	80	30	866,885	778,835	88,060	55	35	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	40	0	80	60	20	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	0	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	10	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	10	20	110	40	70	515,215	101,455	413,760	35	15	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	10	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	20	80	15	65	470,150	78,875	391,275	25	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	15	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	30	15	15	291,295	157,925	133,365	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	30	15	15	154,335	42,710	111,625	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	355	165	190	950	490	460	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	395	210	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	60	25	35	110	70	35	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	95	70	25
Education	10	0	10	15	0	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
13. Education	10	0	10	15	0	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	15	55	25	30	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	15	10	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	45	20	25	110,860	45,555	65,305	10	10	0
Humanities	30	15	10	45	15	35	144,140	56,410	87,730	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	25	10	15	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	15	0	15	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	15	130	50	80	334,475	103,635	230,840	35	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	10	25	47,510	15,360	32,155	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	64,690	4,665	60,025	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	35	20	15	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	40	15	25	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	65	20	50	295	140	155	741,390	268,705	472,685	85	35	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	10	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	20	45	285	130	155	697,775	259,725	438,045	85	35	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	15	25	10	15	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	15	10	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	50	40	10	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	40	35	10	126,845	95,720	31,120	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	60	0	95	75	20	665,365	588,950	76,415	55	35	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	30	0	75	60	20	152,450	121,715	30,735	20	0	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	10	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	90	30	55	387,725	74,730	312,995	30	15	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	20	60	10	50	352,905	58,735	294,170	25	10	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	15	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	30	15	15	229,120	122,320	106,800	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	30	15	15	120,395	31,320	89,075	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	355	165	190	950	490	460	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	395	210	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	25	35	110	70	35	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	95	70	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	295	145	150	840	420	420	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	300	140	160
Location of study inside Canada	175	85	90	430	230	200	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	245	110	135
Same as province or territory of residence	170	80	90	365	210	155	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	230	100	130
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	70	20	45	116,855	57,870	58,990	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	115	55	65	410	185	225	414,490	209,160	205,330	55	35	25
Americas	10	0	10	115	45	70	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	55	10	40	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	25	15	10	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	30	10	15	150	70	80	138,260	74,045	64,210	45	20	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	80	35	45	77,225	43,085	34,135	35	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	10	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	25	15	10	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	0	15	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	75	45	30	125	70	55	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	25	10	10	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	15	0	10	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	20	10	15	10	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	25	15	10	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	10	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	490	255	245	1,295	615	680	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	445	240	200
In the labour force	300	150	150	870	450	430	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	345	175	165
Employed	270	135	140	805	400	400	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	310	160	150
Unemployed	30	15	15	70	40	25	335,015	176,245	158,775	30	15	15
Not in the labour force	195	105	90	425	170	250	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	105	70	35
Participation rate	61.2	58.8	61.2	67.2	73.2	63.2	64.1	67.4	60.9	77.5	72.9	82.5
Employment rate	55.1	52.9	57.1	62.2	65.0	58.8	59.3	62.3	56.3	69.7	66.7	75.0
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.0	10.0	8.0	8.9	5.8	7.6	7.7	7.4	8.7	8.6	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	490	255	240	1,295	615	680	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	445	245	200
Did not work¹⁸⁶	200	85	115	410	175	240	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	115	70	45
Worked	290	165	125	880	440	440	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	330	170	155
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	135	75	60	475	275	205	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	160	90	75
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	155	90	65	405	165	240	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	170	80	85
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.0	39.0	39.2	39.5	42.4	36.6	41.3	41.7	40.8	39.3	37.8	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	305	150	155	870	445	430	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	340	175	170
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	275	140	140	865	445	420	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	335	170	165
Employee	245	125	115	775	385	390	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	305	145	155
Permanent position	175	105	65	585	275	310	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	260	130	130
Temporary position	65	15	50	195	110	85	623,510	296,655	326,850	45	20	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	55	15	40	110	70	40	217,905	94,210	123,700	30	0	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	0	15	85	40	45	405,605	202,450	203,155	15	10	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	20	20	90	60	30	530,720	324,555	206,165	30	25	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	305	150	155	870	445	430	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	340	175	170
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	275	140	140	865	445	420	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	335	170	165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	30	30	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	20	35	200	85	110	778,905	256,150	522,760	50	25	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	35	15	230	170	60	360,495	272,510	87,985	45	30	10
3 Health occupations	20	10	15	70	25	45	359,665	70,075	289,590	30	0	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	15	80	20	55	558,725	166,020	392,700	35	15	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	15	15	40	20	20	146,560	72,400	74,165	25	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	70	30	45	185	75	115	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	90	30	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	20	0	20	15	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	40	30	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	305	150	155	870	445	430	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	340	175	170
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	275	140	140	865	445	420	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	335	170	165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	10	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	35	35	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	20	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	20	15	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	30	20	15
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	30	15	20	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	35	20	20	35	10	25	514,090	248,905	265,185	20	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	35	15	15	209,445	161,115	48,330	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	55	25	30	94,130	57,495	36,630	30	15	15
52 Finance and insurance	30	25	10	110	65	40	169,985	74,020	95,960	35	15	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	15	15	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	20	0	215	120	90	345,345	193,365	151,985	50	35	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	25	0	20	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	20	0	15	55	25	35	340,885	104,300	236,590	15	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	30	95	30	70	617,200	122,675	494,525	55	10	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	20	35	10	20	232,480	109,950	122,530	50	15	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	20	0	55	25	30	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	15	0	15	45	25	20	290,765	144,705	146,055	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	315	165	150	940	475	465	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	175
English	70	35	30	295	135	160	350,525	195,385	155,145	50	25	20
French	115	55	60	175	80	100	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	85	45	35
Non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	30	15	10	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	110	60	50	355	180	175	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	205	105	105
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	50	35	10	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	40	20	15	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	315	165	150	940	475	465	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	175
Single responses	285	145	140	810	430	380	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	310	155	150
Official languages	280	140	140	785	405	370	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	310	155	150
English	110	65	45	465	215	245	668,485	365,785	302,695	125	65	55
French	165	80	90	320	190	130	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	185	90	90
Non-official languages	10	0	0	30	20	10	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	30	20	10	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	25	15	10	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	25	15	10	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	15	10	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	0	125	45	80	269,365	142,370	126,995	45	20	25
English and French	20	20	0	100	30	70	249,945	132,640	117,300	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	10	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	315	165	150	940	475	465	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	175
None	220	115	105	600	260	340	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	175	95	85
English	50	20	30	140	105	30	720,960	391,075	329,885	100	50	50
French	40	25	15	130	60	70	302,145	161,340	140,805	70	35	30
Non-official language	10	0	0	40	35	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	40	35	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	15	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	270	135	135	800	400	400	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	310	160	150
Worked at home	95	55	40	450	230	220	897,770	435,285	462,480	95	55	40
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	35	15	20	442,035	333,730	108,305	15	10	0
Usual place of work	165	65	95	320	160	160	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	195	95	100
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	165	65	90	320	155	160	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	95	100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	60	95	275	135	145	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	175	85	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	20	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0	30	15	15	823,150	442,385	380,765	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	80	95	355	170	185	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	215	105	110
Car, truck or van	65	30	35	110	55	60	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	65	45	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	55	30	25	95	55	40	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	55	40	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	15	0	15	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	75	35	40	110	50	60	287,345	120,460	166,885	120	45	75
Walked	25	0	15	120	60	60	178,645	78,570	100,075	15	0	10
Bicycle	10	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	10	10	0
Other method	0	0	0	10	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	80	95	355	170	185	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	215	105	110
Less than 15 minutes	25	10	15	90	50	40	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	35	25	10
15 to 29 minutes	75	25	50	110	45	60	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	70	30	40
30 to 44 minutes	40	25	20	105	40	65	635,870	363,430	272,445	60	25	30
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	10	35	30	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	40	20	20
60 minutes and over	20	0	15	15	0	10	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	80	95	355	170	185	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	215	105	110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	15	10	15	0	10	241,420	189,270	52,155	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	10	0	30	25	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	35	20	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	20	30	75	40	35	935,640	441,465	494,170	35	15	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	15	40	155	80	75	626,895	259,220	367,675	75	35	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	15	40	10	30	330,930	142,495	188,435	20	0	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	10	10	35	15	25	489,685	284,160	205,530	25	15	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	55	30	20	75	45	30	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	85	35	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	10	30	15	15	303,835	156,030	147,805	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	30	15	45	25	20	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	75	30	45
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	20	15	45	25	20	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	45	25	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	25	15	10	230,080	118,075	112,005	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15	10	10	175,305	90,000	85,305	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	20	10	25	15	10	992,895	508,315	484,580	40	20	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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