Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661222More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24663348More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,066	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	477	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	648	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	354	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	619	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,548.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	36,692.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,065	485	580	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	475	240	235
0 to 14 years	100	50	50	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	25	15	15
0 to 4 years	40	25	20	422,980	217,145	205,840	5	5	0
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	478,955	245,295	233,665	15	10	5
10 to 14 years	30	15	10	489,425	250,855	238,570	5	0	5
15 to 64 years	630	305	325	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	380	185	190
15 to 19 years	25	10	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	35	20	15	460,660	235,250	225,405	90	40	55
25 to 29 years	50	25	30	527,150	266,455	260,700	80	45	40
30 to 34 years	90	50	40	536,040	267,770	268,270	65	35	25
35 to 39 years	90	40	45	550,425	274,350	276,075	35	20	15
40 to 44 years	80	40	40	572,565	286,405	286,160	35	20	10
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	516,465	259,565	256,905	10	0	10
50 to 54 years	45	20	30	522,935	262,610	260,325	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	75	35	40	615,690	307,230	308,465	15	10	5
60 to 64 years	90	35	55	625,610	307,710	317,900	20	5	10
65 years and over	335	130	205	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	70	40	30
65 to 69 years	100	45	55	541,970	264,020	277,950	25	20	5
70 to 74 years	90	30	60	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	80	35	50	330,840	153,790	177,050	10	10	0
80 to 84 years	35	15	25	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	0	10
85 years and over	25	10	15	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	15	5	10	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.4	10.3	8.6	16.4	17.0	15.8	5.3	6.3	6.4
15 to 64 years	59.2	62.9	56.0	63.0	63.9	62.1	80.0	77.1	80.9
65 years and over	31.5	26.8	35.3	20.6	19.1	22.1	14.7	16.7	12.8
85 years and over	2.3	2.1	2.6	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.1	2.1	2.1
Average age of the population	49.6	47.4	51.4	42.8	41.8	43.7	38.6	39.6	37.6
Median age of the population	52.0	47.2	56.4	43.2	42.0	44.0	32.0	33.2	31.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	98,625	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	271,245	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	205	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	375	...	...	225,745	...	...	205	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
1 person	325	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	215	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	480,135	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	427,605	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	228,060	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,060	485	575	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	475	245	230
Average household size	1.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	965	430	530	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	455	230	225
Married or living common-law	490	255	230	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	120	65	60
Married	295	160	140	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	60	30	25
Living common-law	190	100	90	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	65	35	30
Living common law - Never married	155	80	75	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	60	30	25
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	15	10	261,885	135,520	126,370	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	480	175	300	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	330	165	160
Not married and not living common law - Never married	320	140	175	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	275	145	135
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	15	106,275	48,095	58,175	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	15	55	494,210	197,455	296,755	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	70	15	55	380,100	89,515	290,580	10	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	275	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	205	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	454,980	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	412,850	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	187,600	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	275	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	70	...	...
Total couple families	240	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	60	...	...
Married couples	140	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	502,020	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	105	...	...	609,605	...	...	15	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	828,005	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	401,885	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	426,120	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	383,775	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	284,025	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,060	485	575	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	475	245	230
Total - Persons in census families	675	340	335	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	160	85	80
Married spouses or common-law partners	475	255	225	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	115	60	55
Parents in one-parent families	40	5	35	383,780	99,755	284,020	10	0	10
Children⁶	165	80	80	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	40	20	15
In a two-parent family	115	60	60	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	20	10	5
In a one-parent family	45	25	20	585,820	317,400	268,415	15	5	5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	385	145	235	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	315	160	155
Living alone	320	105	210	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	210	105	110
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	10	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	40	25	15	268,810	158,325	110,485	85	45	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	615	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	260	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	70	...	...
Couple-family households	230	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	851,835	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	982,260	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	331,395	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	139,280	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	320	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	960	435	525	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	450	230	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	425	520	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	440	225	215
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	49,200	45,600	40,800	44,800	37,200	32,800	34,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	425	520	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	440	225	215
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	42,000	39,600	36,400	39,200	33,600	30,000	30,600	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	885	395	480	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	395	200	195
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,800	35,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	29,800	34,400	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	615	295	315	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	330	175	155
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	44,000	39,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	29,600	36,000	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	745	320	430	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	350	185	175
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	12,800	14,700	11,500	10,200	12,300	6,160	7,900	5,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	35	35	837,635	441,080	396,550	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,600	5,480	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,440	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	195	100	95	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	135	70	70
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	6,000	8,000	5,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	995	460	535	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	425	215	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	955	440	520	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	425	215	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,400	58,800	52,600	51,160	57,550	44,960	43,600	49,600	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	955	440	520	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	425	215	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	47,600	43,200	41,840	45,760	38,000	36,200	40,000	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	900	400	490	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	385	195	190
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,500	52,600	43,400	45,480	52,900	38,000	40,400	47,200	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	590	275	320	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	330	175	165
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	56,400	41,600	46,240	51,950	40,040	37,600	43,600	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	800	350	450	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	350	165	185
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,120	13,250	13,050	12,410	11,500	13,220	8,560	9,000	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	40	45	837,180	441,665	395,515	20	0	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	4,800	10,800	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,200	...	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	220	115	100	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	150	65	85
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	11,200	8,000	8,130	7,910	8,390	7,900	8,000	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	995	455	535	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	425	220	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	245	135	115	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	125	80	45
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	88,000	58,000	58,400	62,800	53,600	52,000	52,400	48,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,000	94,000	66,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	69,000	77,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	270	110	160	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	165	60	105
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	19,600	27,800	18,600	21,400	16,600	8,300	5,720	8,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,200	25,600	35,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	18,400	12,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.4	82.0	78.5	79.8	84.2	74.4	84.0	86.0	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.0	60.0	48.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	67.5	70.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.8	17.8	21.6	20.1	15.8	25.6	16.2	14.0	18.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.7	1.8	1.7	1.5	2.0	0.7	x	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	5.4	3.8	5.4	4.8	6.1	7.0	5.2	9.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	4.8	3.1	4.6	4.3	5.1	6.4	4.8	8.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	960	430	525	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	230	225
Without total income	20	10	10	179,955	87,650	92,310	5	0	10
With total income	940	420	515	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	445	225	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	15	25	462,400	204,245	258,155	70	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	85	40	50	809,375	334,315	475,065	60	35	30
$20,000 to $29,999	140	60	80	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	75	45	35
$30,000 to $39,999	125	50	70	896,520	414,070	482,445	45	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	110	50	60	849,005	411,680	437,325	40	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	100	40	60	687,020	345,720	341,305	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	70	35	35	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	60	20	40	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	70	35	35	284,690	158,760	125,930	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	15	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	115	65	45	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	30	20
$100,000 to $149,999	75	40	35	385,890	245,635	140,260	25	20	10
$150,000 and over	35	30	10	170,890	120,065	50,820	15	10	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	960	430	525	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	230	225
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	177,960	86,610	91,355	5	0	10
With after-tax income	940	420	515	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	445	225	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	15	35	495,035	214,000	281,030	70	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	90	45	50	853,250	356,480	496,765	65	35	30
$20,000 to $29,999	165	75	95	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	90	50	40
$30,000 to $39,999	145	60	85	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	50	20	30
$40,000 to $49,999	155	65	90	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	105	40	60	691,015	372,870	318,145	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	80	35	40	459,665	251,490	208,170	35	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	20	292,135	160,985	131,150	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	20	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	5	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	50	30	15	229,765	156,750	73,020	25	15	10
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	5	119,125	78,615	40,515	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	20	10	10	110,635	78,130	32,505	15	5	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	960	430	525	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	230	225
Without employment income	350	140	210	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	115	55	60
With employment income	610	295	320	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	335	170	160
Under $5,000 (including loss)	100	40	60	644,075	331,770	312,300	50	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	30	20	15	401,185	180,585	220,595	65	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	603,350	273,725	329,620	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	495,105	228,670	266,435	25	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	488,000	239,620	248,380	25	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	30	485,845	242,230	243,610	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	320,700	184,770	135,935	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	30	10	20	250,635	147,020	103,615	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	20	218,100	120,085	98,020	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	15	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	85	50	30	422,055	285,910	136,145	35	20	10
$100,000 to $124,999	40	25	15	205,085	133,500	71,585	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	40	30	15	216,965	152,410	64,555	25	20	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	960	435	525	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	450	230	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	415	510	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	405	210	200
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	46,800	41,200	38,400	43,200	34,000	28,400	29,400	27,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	930	415	510	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	405	210	200
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	39,600	35,600	34,000	37,600	30,600	27,000	27,200	26,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	875	395	480	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	360	185	180
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,800	35,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	29,400	32,800	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	610	300	315	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	310	160	150
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	42,800	40,000	36,400	41,200	31,800	29,400	31,400	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	675	280	395	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	305	165	145
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	8,200	11,100	7,800	5,640	9,100	1,440	1,440	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	30	25	727,165	390,255	336,910	20	10	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,360	8,400	5,000	4,760	5,280	3,720	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	995	460	535	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	425	215	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	970	445	525	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	395	195	195
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,600	55,000	46,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	39,400	44,000	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	970	445	525	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	395	195	195
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,900	43,600	38,600	39,600	44,000	35,320	32,400	35,200	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	915	420	490	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	360	175	185
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400	51,200	40,600	45,920	53,800	37,920	38,000	43,600	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	610	290	320	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	305	150	155
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	56,000	44,800	46,240	52,450	39,520	36,000	41,000	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	750	315	435	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	310	150	160
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180	10,000	10,280	9,450	8,430	10,320	5,800	6,500	5,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	25	20	727,815	390,880	336,935	25	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000	10,000	20,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	8,500	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	995	455	535	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	425	220	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	250	135	115	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	125	80	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	78,000	53,600	54,800	60,000	49,200	43,200	43,200	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,500	88,000	63,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	55,000	61,000	46,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	265	115	150	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	135	40	95
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	21,200	43,600	23,600	27,200	21,000	10,300	16,600	7,300
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,400	36,000	44,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	22,400	18,000	24,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	87.0	82.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	88.0	88.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	62.0	65.0	58.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	71.0	70.0	72.0
Government transfers (%)	15.5	12.8	18.2	14.9	10.8	20.2	11.6	11.6	12.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.2	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.4	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	63,200	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	320	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	34,400	...	...	31,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	295	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	92,000	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	75,200	...	...	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	47,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	39,640	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	94,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	218,185	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	166,990	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	310,880	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	280,505	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	255,770	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	185	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	414,805	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	307,835	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	239,060	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	234,875	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	177,135	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	180,150	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	193,530	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	356,325	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	289,580	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	254,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...	892,775	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	387,835	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	225,830	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	280	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	991,710	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	907,765	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	368,845	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	365	135	225	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	300	150	145
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	46,800	52,000	36,800	39,200	34,800	30,400	28,400	30,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	40,800	43,200	33,200	34,800	31,600	27,600	26,400	28,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	330	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	117,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,600	...	...	95,100	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	992,110	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	909,160	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	367,155	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	310	130	185	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	320	175	145
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,400	51,000	63,200	45,480	48,000	42,920	40,000	44,800	34,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	42,000	50,800	38,040	39,400	36,640	34,200	37,200	30,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,060	485	575	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	475	245	235
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	25	15	15
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	515,725	264,785	250,935	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	615	295	320	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	380	185	190
65 years and over	335	135	205	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	70	45	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	105	45	60	992,235	463,295	528,940	160	80	80
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	130	65	70
65 years and over	45	15	25	317,235	124,865	192,370	25	20	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	9.6	10.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	33.6	33.5	33.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	10.0	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	20.0	x	30.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	9.0	9.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	34.5	33.0	36.0
65 years and over (%)	12.4	12.0	13.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	32.0	45.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,060	485	575	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	475	245	230
0 to 17 years	110	55	50	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	30	15	10
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	511,400	262,535	248,860	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	615	295	315	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	380	190	195
65 years and over	335	130	205	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	75	40	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	30	35	439,850	223,055	216,795	130	65	70
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	45	20	25	313,970	167,015	146,955	120	55	65
65 years and over	20	5	10	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.0	6.4	5.3	5.4	5.2	27.2	26.0	29.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	20.0	x	30.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.0	7.2	6.2	6.6	5.8	31.2	30.0	32.0
65 years and over (%)	5.0	5.0	6.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	10.0	12.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,060	485	575	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	475	240	230
In bottom half of the distribution	580	250	330	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	345	170	175
In bottom decile	90	40	50	851,840	407,705	444,140	165	80	80
In second decile	130	60	65	920,490	434,730	485,760	55	30	25
In third decile	110	50	60	969,255	471,650	497,600	45	25	25
In fourth decile	120	50	75	978,345	482,760	495,590	45	20	20
In fifth decile	130	50	75	947,090	473,285	473,810	30	15	15
In top half of the distribution	485	235	245	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	130	75	60
In sixth decile	115	55	60	899,660	454,970	444,690	20	10	15
In seventh decile	60	25	35	837,225	425,400	411,830	30	15	15
In eighth decile	120	55	65	752,410	383,450	368,955	20	10	5
In ninth decile	90	50	45	634,425	325,700	308,730	25	15	10
In top decile	95	50	45	517,725	267,160	250,565	45	25	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,060	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.327	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.442	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.566	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.283	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.402	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	8.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
English only	100	60	40	445,575	228,840	216,735	105	50	50
French only	230	90	140	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	60	30	35
English and French	715	330	385	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	310	160	150
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
English	225	125	105	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	185	95	95
French	735	320	415	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	255	130	125
English and French	85	35	50	329,515	169,050	160,465	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
Single responses	1,000	460	540	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	445	230	210
Official languages	780	350	425	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	325	165	155
English	120	65	55	639,365	323,170	316,195	95	50	45
French	655	285	370	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	225	120	110
Non-official languages	225	110	110	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	125	65	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	110	110	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	125	65	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	233,220	122,895	110,320	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	60	60	595,790	290,670	305,115	75	35	40
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	101,450	52,780	48,665	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	10	63,025	33,465	29,555	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	5,445	3,080	2,360	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	38,400	19,305	19,090	15	5	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	35,615	17,770	17,850	15	5	15
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	22,130	10,990	11,140	20	5	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	40	30	346,000	167,870	178,130	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	41,545	19,890	21,650	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	0	0
Spanish	45	25	20	177,155	86,490	90,660	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	30	87,540	40,170	47,375	10	10	0
Chinese languages	40	15	30	87,155	39,990	47,160	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	25	35	308,550	155,455	153,095	30	10	20
English and French	15	5	10	126,405	64,585	61,820	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	94,205	46,880	47,320	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
English	120	65	55	623,305	313,780	309,520	115	60	50
French	585	245	340	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	170	90	85
Non-official language	65	30	30	366,730	177,410	189,315	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	30	343,650	165,830	177,825	20	10	10
English and French	110	50	60	497,380	256,735	240,645	70	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	205,755	102,290	103,470	40	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	45	30	20	375,795	179,585	196,210	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	35	45	284,940	141,275	143,665	35	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
Single responses	990	455	530	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	445	225	220
Official languages	855	390	470	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	390	200	190
English	175	90	80	874,185	438,570	435,615	165	80	80
French	685	295	390	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	225	120	110
Non-official languages	130	70	60	662,615	322,860	339,750	50	20	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	70	60	628,365	305,820	322,555	50	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	35	35	336,635	164,100	172,535	30	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	5	10	74,455	38,045	36,410	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	182,585	88,060	94,525	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	67,120	31,725	35,390	5	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	66,880	31,610	35,275	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	30	40	357,245	176,070	181,175	35	20	15
English and French	30	10	15	137,120	69,025	68,095	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	116,595	56,445	60,150	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,060	485	575	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	230
None	820	360	455	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	335	175	155
English	90	45	50	353,690	183,470	170,225	55	30	30
French	40	20	20	259,425	127,380	132,040	25	10	20
Non-official language	55	30	25	269,715	129,830	139,890	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	25	264,405	127,330	137,070	30	15	15
English and French	25	10	10	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	10	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,080	495	580	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	455	240	215
Official languages	1,065	490	570	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	455	240	215
English	815	405	410	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	400	195	205
French	930	425	505	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	345	190	155
Non-official languages	365	165	195	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	175	75	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	365	165	195	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	175	75	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	15	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	15	363,875	190,005	173,870	40	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	343,675	179,750	163,930	40	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	105	115	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	130	55	70
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	95,385	45,060	50,330	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	94,580	44,695	49,885	10	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	55,485	26,345	29,135	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	25	136,020	71,180	64,840	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	20	90,745	48,355	42,395	15	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	10	35,765	19,145	16,620	15	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	15	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	48,105	24,410	23,695	15	0	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	10	10	44,745	22,585	22,160	15	0	15
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	27,430	13,785	13,645	15	0	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	60	65	684,830	324,095	360,735	85	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	85	40	50	453,905	210,400	243,505	80	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	107,415	49,840	57,575	10	0	0
Chinese languages	70	30	40	106,915	49,630	57,285	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	10	34,030	15,430	18,600	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	455	240	215
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	10	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	20	10	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	10	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	15	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,065	485	580	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	435	235	205
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	455	240	215
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	15	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,070	490	580	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	445	235	205
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Owner	430	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	50	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	260	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Condominium	410	...	...	515,590	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	205	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	32,020	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	623,295	...	...	155	...	...
2 bedrooms	295	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	55	...	...
3 bedrooms	100	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	730,330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	445	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	235	...	...
5 rooms	100	...	...	645,635	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	55	...	...	435,225	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.1	...	...	5.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	615	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	300	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Suitable	615	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	270	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	142,775	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...	879,375	...	...	70	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	120	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	509,120	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	385,315	...	...	40	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...	198,595	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	231,930	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	25	...	...	212,290	...	...	10	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	565	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	285	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	236,110	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
One-maintainer household	365	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	235	...	...
Two-maintainer household	250	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	60	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	75	...	...	525,540	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	80	...	...	647,165	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	628,630	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	760,395	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	170	...	...	629,965	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	625	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	495	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	150	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	125	...	...	595,690	...	...	160	...	...
30% to less than 100%	120	...	...	542,060	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	620	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	175	...	...	901,440	...	...	190	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	115	...	...	537,090	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	40	...	...	179,840	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	450	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	610	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	265	...	...
In core need	45	...	...	218,275	...	...	50	...	...
Not in core need	570	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	430	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	45	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	43.0	...	...	62.2	...	...	66.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.8	...	...	10.0	...	...	55.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,390	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,208	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,520	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	424,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	438,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	700,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	195	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	255	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.3	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.5	...	...	25.2	...	...	52.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.8	...	...	11.9	...	...	17.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	810	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	886	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	455	245	210
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	10	10	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	10	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	10	10	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	20	15	203,425	96,595	106,830	15	0	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	20	15	200,985	95,520	105,460	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	15	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	0	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,020	465	555	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	425	235	195
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	455	245	215
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	995	445	545	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	295	155	140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	40	50	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	20	20	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	900	400	495	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	275	140	140
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	80	55	35	518,265	264,490	253,775	165	80	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	455	245	215
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	795	365	430	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	230	130	100
Immigrants⁸¹	260	120	140	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	115	55	60
Before 1980	55	20	35	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	20	10	15	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	70	25	45	190,495	91,635	98,860	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	70	40	30	312,210	150,825	161,390	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	30	25	396,090	192,745	203,340	95	45	50
2011 to 2015	30	15	10	193,345	93,485	99,855	50	10	35
2016 to 2021	25	10	10	202,740	99,260	103,480	45	30	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	15	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	110	55	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	260	120	145	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	115	55	60
Under 5 years	15	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	25	15	15	201,385	101,555	99,835	25	10	20
15 to 24 years	30	10	15	213,035	96,175	116,860	15	10	0
25 to 44 years	150	65	85	594,845	292,975	301,875	50	20	30
45 years and over	40	20	20	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	260	120	145	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	115	55	60
Americas	30	20	15	264,885	121,740	143,145	20	10	10
Brazil	10	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	55	30	20	309,015	154,110	154,910	60	30	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	45	25	15
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	40	20	15	302,010	153,655	148,355	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	135	50	90	332,925	158,445	174,475	25	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	20	15	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	20	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	44,455	20,665	23,790	15	0	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	10	202,740	99,265	103,480	45	30	10
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	30	20	0
France	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	30	20	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	67,305	32,185	35,120	15	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,080	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	455	240	215
First generation¹⁰⁰	300	140	155	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	235	115	115
Second generation¹⁰¹	135	75	65	883,485	446,000	437,490	55	40	10
Third generation or more¹⁰²	645	285	360	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	165	80	85
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	210	100	105	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	115	55	55
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	125	65	60	559,935	290,040	269,895	85	35	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	40	40	267,870	161,125	106,740	30	15	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	30	20	292,070	128,915	163,155	55	15	40
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	55	20	30	272,255	109,735	162,515	0	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	15	175,740	89,995	85,740	25	15	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	210	100	105	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	115	55	55
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	20	10	89,850	47,360	42,495	10	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	10	94,185	46,445	47,740	25	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	25,505	13,385	12,115	10	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	65	70	756,120	358,700	397,420	60	25	35
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,075	495	580	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	455	240	215
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	245	115	125	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	160	80	90
South Asian	40	20	20	127,990	67,140	60,850	20	10	10
Chinese	80	30	45	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	10	10	0	422,405	206,335	216,070	30	15	20
Filipino	10	0	10	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	15	15	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	40	10	25
Latin American	35	20	15	172,925	85,035	87,880	20	20	0
Southeast Asian	15	0	15	70,455	33,510	36,945	10	10	0
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10	34,960	17,080	17,875	15	10	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	835	380	450	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	290	165	130
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,075	495	580	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	455	240	215
Canadian	210	100	115	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	25	10	10
English	50	25	25	177,710	88,910	88,800	10	10	0
Irish	75	45	25	404,190	193,440	210,745	45	35	15
Scottish	25	15	10	192,685	93,120	99,565	45	25	15
French, n.o.s.¹²²	380	170	210	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	145	70	70
German	35	10	25	124,305	60,295	64,010	10	10	0
Chinese	75	30	40	123,985	55,730	68,255	10	0	0
Italian	35	0	30	316,315	157,600	158,720	15	0	10
Indian (India)	35	20	20	65,790	34,390	31,405	15	0	15
Ukrainian	15	0	15	38,685	18,590	20,095	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	40	25	10	63,505	31,010	32,495	20	0	20
Québécois	55	20	35	931,940	465,630	466,305	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	10	0	10	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	45	20	20	588,805	290,630	298,180	25	10	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	30	25	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	10	10	138,030	64,935	73,095	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10	99,420	50,795	48,625	25	15	10
Russian	35	20	15	47,195	21,990	25,200	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10	64,385	32,135	32,255	15	10	0
American	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	15	57,320	29,015	28,305	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	45,570	21,910	23,665	20	15	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	15	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	25,825	12,855	12,975	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	15	10	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	10	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	20	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	15	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	10	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	20	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,075	500	585	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	455	240	215
Buddhist	20	10	10	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	570	255	320	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	160	85	80
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	10	10	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	495	225	265	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	145	80	70
Christian Orthodox	15	0	10	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	30	0	30	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	20	0	10	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	45	25	20	421,710	218,255	203,455	55	10	45
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	15	10	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	400	195	205	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	215	135	75
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,070	495	570	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	455	245	215
Non-movers	955	430	525	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	315	175	140
Movers	110	70	45	945,290	466,750	478,540	140	60	80
Non-migrants	100	60	35	543,670	268,740	274,925	95	45	45
Migrants	15	10	10	401,625	198,010	203,615	50	15	35
Internal migrants	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	30	0	20
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	15	0	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	15	0	10
External migrants	15	0	10	52,530	27,270	25,265	20	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,030	475	560	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	450	235	215
Non-movers	680	290	395	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	150	85	65
Movers	345	185	165	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	290	145	150
Non-migrants	245	130	120	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	80	50	30
Migrants	105	60	45	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	215	90	120
Internal migrants	60	35	25	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	95	35	60
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	20	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	45	20	25
Interprovincial migrants	20	20	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	50	20	35
External migrants	50	25	20	320,090	166,115	153,975	120	60	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	995	460	535	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	425	215	210
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	110	50	55	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	10	10	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	885	405	480	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	415	210	205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	565	275	290	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	245	120	125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	20	35	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	510	260	260	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	240	120	120
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	990	460	530	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	215	210
No certificate, diploma or degree	95	50	50	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	10	10	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	185	85	100	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	105	65	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	715	330	385	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	315	140	165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	95	125	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	55	25	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	35	25	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	15	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	60	35	25	793,030	427,220	365,815	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	120	45	75	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	40	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20	252,815	102,150	150,665	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	495	235	265	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	255	120	135
Bachelor's degree	280	135	145	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	130	70	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	20	30	149,425	66,595	82,825	35	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	115	50	65	360,795	174,150	186,645	75	25	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	10	63,270	36,320	26,955	20	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	565	270	295	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	245	120	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	30	525,155	303,815	221,345	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	35	25	752,855	388,160	364,700	40	35	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	460	220	240	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	190	80	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	50	75	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	10	0	10
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	15	20	836,455	498,385	338,075	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	15	20	609,895	319,470	290,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	25	45	838,140	372,455	465,685	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	15	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	335	175	160	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	180	85	95
Bachelor's degree	200	110	90	802,755	343,100	459,650	85	45	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	20	119,460	50,155	69,310	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	70	35	40	302,065	140,530	161,530	60	10	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	990	460	530	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	425	215	210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	280	130	145	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	115	75	45
Education	65	20	40	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	10	0
13. Education	65	20	40	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	15	166,900	75,420	91,480	50	25	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	143,365	58,875	84,490	40	15	25
Humanities	90	20	70	228,770	90,810	137,960	35	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	10	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	107,105	44,755	62,345	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110	55	55	430,845	142,280	288,570	40	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	57,080	19,060	38,020	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	10	0	10
42. Psychology	15	10	10	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	30	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	185	90	95	950,820	357,290	593,535	95	35	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	185	90	95	894,690	344,770	549,925	95	35	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	15	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	25	25	177,780	124,955	52,825	15	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	15	20	147,845	110,915	36,930	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	45	20	866,885	778,835	88,060	50	35	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	20	20	181,290	147,120	34,170	30	15	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	70	20	50	515,215	101,455	413,760	15	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	20	40	470,150	78,875	391,275	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	565	275	290	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	245	120	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	55	55	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	50	35	15
Education	30	15	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	30	15	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	129,065	58,170	70,895	30	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	110,860	45,555	65,305	30	10	15
Humanities	40	10	30	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	10	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	40	45	334,475	103,635	230,840	20	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	10	47,510	15,360	32,155	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	10	10	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	20	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	140	65	70	741,390	268,705	472,685	60	15	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	130	65	65	697,775	259,725	438,045	60	15	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	147,350	104,880	42,465	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	15	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	25	10	665,365	588,950	76,415	40	30	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	15	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	25	10	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	15	35	387,725	74,730	312,995	10	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	45	15	30	352,905	58,735	294,170	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	565	275	290	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	245	120	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	55	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	50	35	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	455	220	235	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	195	85	110
Location of study inside Canada	370	165	200	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	100	40	55
Same as province or territory of residence	355	160	195	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	95	40	55
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	10	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	90	55	35	414,490	209,160	205,330	95	40	50
Americas	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	15	10	0
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	25	15	15	138,260	74,045	64,210	55	20	30
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	50	20	25
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	50	30	20	96,865	43,055	53,805	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	990	460	530	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	215	210
In the labour force	500	245	255	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	265	130	135
Employed	455	215	240	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	235	120	115
Unemployed	40	30	15	335,015	176,245	158,775	30	10	20
Not in the labour force	495	215	280	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	155	85	75
Participation rate	50.5	53.3	48.1	64.1	67.4	60.9	61.6	60.5	64.3
Employment rate	46.0	46.7	45.3	59.3	62.3	56.3	54.7	55.8	54.8
Unemployment rate	8.0	12.2	5.9	7.6	7.7	7.4	11.3	7.7	14.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	990	460	530	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	425	215	210
Did not work¹⁸⁶	460	200	260	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	115	70	45
Worked	535	265	275	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	310	145	165
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	255	140	120	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	125	80	45
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	280	125	155	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	185	65	120
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	38.2	39.4	41.3	41.7	40.8	36.6	40.0	33.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	495	240	255	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	265	130	135
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	480	230	250	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	265	130	135
Employee	400	180	225	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	230	105	125
Permanent position	375	170	205	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	155	75	80
Temporary position	30	10	20	623,510	296,655	326,850	75	30	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	15	217,905	94,210	123,700	35	20	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	10	0	405,605	202,450	203,155	40	10	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	75	50	25	530,720	324,555	206,165	35	25	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	495	240	255	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	265	130	135
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	480	230	250	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	265	130	135
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	160	80	75	778,905	256,150	522,760	45	10	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	70	50	20	360,495	272,510	87,985	25	25	0
3 Health occupations	30	0	20	359,665	70,075	289,590	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	35	50	558,725	166,020	392,700	30	10	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	15	25	146,560	72,400	74,165	20	20	0
6 Sales and service occupations	80	20	55	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	80	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	20	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	20	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	495	240	255	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	265	130	135
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	480	230	250	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	265	130	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	20	20	514,090	248,905	265,185	20	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	30	10	209,445	161,115	48,330	15	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	94,130	57,495	36,630	30	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	20	20	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	25	15	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	15	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	50	50	345,345	193,365	151,985	35	25	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	0	10
61 Educational services	60	20	45	340,885	104,300	236,590	35	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	70	25	45	617,200	122,675	494,525	20	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	15	10	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	15	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	0	20	190,470	89,730	100,735	20	10	10
91 Public administration	35	10	20	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	550	270	280	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	325	155	170
English	75	45	35	350,525	195,385	155,145	130	65	60
French	175	65	110	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	60	35	25
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	280	155	130	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	125	50	75
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	25,875	13,895	11,980	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	550	270	280	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	325	155	170
Single responses	495	240	250	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	295	145	150
Official languages	495	240	250	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	295	145	150
English	175	110	70	668,485	365,785	302,695	180	85	95
French	315	130	185	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	120	60	60
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	25	269,365	142,370	126,995	30	10	20
English and French	45	20	20	249,945	132,640	117,300	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	550	270	280	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	325	155	170
None	305	135	165	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	215	115	100
English	140	65	75	720,960	391,075	329,885	60	30	35
French	95	65	30	302,145	161,340	140,805	40	10	25
Non-official language	10	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	455	215	240	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	235	120	115
Worked at home	245	125	120	897,770	435,285	462,480	100	50	50
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	20	20	0
Usual place of work	190	70	120	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	115	55	65
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	190	70	120	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	115	55	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	165	60	105	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	95	45	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	0	10	823,150	442,385	380,765	15	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	210	90	120	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	135	70	65
Car, truck or van	65	45	20	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	20	15	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	65	45	20	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	20	15	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	100	35	65	287,345	120,460	166,885	50	30	15
Walked	40	0	35	178,645	78,570	100,075	50	15	35
Bicycle	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	15	0	10
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	210	90	120	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	135	70	65
Less than 15 minutes	45	25	20	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	35	15	25
15 to 29 minutes	60	25	40	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	45	25	25
30 to 44 minutes	65	25	40	635,870	363,430	272,445	25	10	15
45 to 59 minutes	30	10	25	235,140	133,720	101,425	15	15	0
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	15	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	210	90	120	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	135	70	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	10	241,420	189,270	52,155	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	15	0	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	75	30	45	935,640	441,465	494,170	0	0	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	10	45	626,895	259,220	367,675	35	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	15	330,930	142,495	188,435	50	35	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	20	10	489,685	284,160	205,530	25	20	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	115	60	55	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	25	15	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	45	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	15	10	5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	35	30	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	20	10	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	5	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	5	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	992,895	508,315	484,580	10	5	5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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