Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661212More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662502More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,943	...	...	1,270	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,477	...	...	601	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,358	...	...	560	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,344.3	...	...	12,867.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.14	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,940	2,330	2,615	1,270	655	615
0 to 14 years	625	310	315	310	150	160
0 to 4 years	165	85	85	110	50	60
5 to 9 years	225	115	110	105	55	55
10 to 14 years	230	110	120	90	45	50
15 to 64 years	2,935	1,345	1,590	875	460	415
15 to 19 years	195	95	105	80	35	45
20 to 24 years	150	80	75	80	30	50
25 to 29 years	170	70	105	70	25	40
30 to 34 years	200	100	105	115	55	70
35 to 39 years	335	155	180	105	60	45
40 to 44 years	315	145	175	115	70	50
45 to 49 years	400	170	225	85	50	40
50 to 54 years	410	230	180	75	45	30
55 to 59 years	335	145	190	75	50	25
60 to 64 years	415	170	255	65	40	25
65 years and over	1,385	670	710	85	40	40
65 to 69 years	415	200	220	40	20	20
70 to 74 years	395	215	180	20	15	5
75 to 79 years	305	120	180	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	180	80	95	10	0	10
85 years and over	95	55	35	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	60	40	25	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	15	10	10	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	15	10	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.7	13.3	12.0	24.4	22.9	26.0
15 to 64 years	59.4	57.7	60.8	68.9	70.2	67.5
65 years and over	28.0	28.8	27.2	6.7	6.1	6.5
85 years and over	1.9	2.4	1.3	0.8	0.8	0.8
Average age of the population	48.2	48.1	48.3	33.7	35.5	31.8
Median age of the population	51.2	51.6	51.2	34.4	37.2	30.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,360	...	...	560	...	...
Single-detached house	40	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	275	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	310	...	...	530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,665	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,360	...	...	560	...	...
1 person	930	...	...	245	...	...
2 persons	875	...	...	125	...	...
3 persons	265	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	215	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,720	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,320	2,015	2,300	960	500	455
Married or living common-law	2,540	1,280	1,265	425	225	200
Married	1,895	940	955	380	205	180
Living common-law	640	335	310	40	20	20
Living common law - Never married	400	195	205	35	20	15
Living common law - Separated	15	10	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	205	115	90	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,775	740	1,035	530	275	260
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,060	530	530	355	180	175
Not married and not living common law - Separated	85	50	40	40	25	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	470	125	340	105	60	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	165	40	125	30	10	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,395	...	...	285	...	...
2 persons	855	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	255	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	215	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	60	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	280	...	...
Total couple families	1,245	...	...	190	...	...
Married couples	925	...	...	170	...	...
With children⁶	395	...	...	130	...	...
Without children	530	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	325	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	95	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	225	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	150	...	...	95	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	115	...	...	75	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	35	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,720	2,220	2,500	1,270	650	620
Total - Persons in census families	3,670	1,805	1,870	940	445	495
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,490	1,260	1,230	375	190	185
Parents in one-parent families	150	35	115	95	20	75
Children⁶	1,035	505	530	470	235	235
In a two-parent family	820	410	410	320	155	165
In a one-parent family	210	95	115	150	80	70
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,050	420	625	330	210	120
Living alone	930	365	565	250	160	85
Living with other relatives⁷	60	20	40	20	15	5
Living with non-relatives only	60	35	25	65	35	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,355	...	...	560	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,345	...	...	270	...	...
Couple-family households	1,215	...	...	175	...	...
With children⁶	475	...	...	135	...	...
Without children	740	...	...	50	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...	90	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	930	...	...	245	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,100	1,915	2,185	955	500	460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,930	1,850	2,075	905	475	425
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	66,000	50,000	28,400	29,800	27,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,930	1,850	2,075	905	475	425
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	53,600	42,000	27,000	28,000	26,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,685	1,755	1,930	705	385	320
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	63,600	43,200	20,600	27,000	15,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,640	1,305	1,335	640	360	275
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,400	39,200	22,000	27,400	17,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,970	1,300	1,665	850	440	410
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	11,500	11,000	10,400	8,600	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	215	90	125	130	70	65
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,400	6,280	5,320	5,480	4,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	935	445	495	365	200	165
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,040	1,855	2,180	920	505	415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,885	1,805	2,080	860	490	365
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	98,300	119,900	79,600	31,850	31,800	31,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,885	1,805	2,080	860	490	365
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,100	84,100	58,000	28,750	28,100	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,645	1,700	1,945	650	375	275
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	95,400	118,500	75,200	26,550	29,500	22,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,580	1,250	1,325	585	345	245
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	90,400	105,400	76,100	27,400	30,600	23,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,910	1,305	1,610	810	475	340
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,790	11,100	12,350	12,280	9,760	15,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	190	75	115	130	65	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	8,000	7,400	4,200	3,800	4,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	870	385	485	370	215	150
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,380	9,320	9,400	9,040	8,600	9,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,035	1,855	2,185	920	505	415
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,135	600	540	190	130	60
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	96,000	97,000	93,000	38,800	39,600	36,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	145,600	155,500	135,000	41,200	43,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	950	430	515	230	110	120
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	17,400	20,400	14,900	21,400	11,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	58,100	69,600	48,400	20,000	22,400	17,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.0	93.4	88.0	63.4	70.5	54.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.0	61.2	60.8	58.8	66.5	48.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.0	6.7	12.0	36.6	29.2	46.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.3	0.5	2.0	1.6	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.4	1.8	3.1	13.6	13.0	14.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.1	1.7	2.8	12.2	12.0	12.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,095	1,910	2,185	960	500	455
Without total income	165	60	110	55	20	30
With total income	3,935	1,855	2,075	905	480	430
Under $10,000 (including loss)	390	160	225	110	50	60
$10,000 to $19,999	335	145	190	175	95	85
$20,000 to $29,999	440	200	240	190	100	95
$30,000 to $39,999	325	135	190	155	80	75
$40,000 to $49,999	320	125	195	120	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	290	110	180	70	40	30
$60,000 to $69,999	225	85	140	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	205	85	115	25	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	180	85	95	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	130	60	65	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,095	655	440	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	445	235	210	5	0	0
$150,000 and over	650	415	230	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,095	1,910	2,185	960	500	455
Without after-tax income	165	60	110	55	20	30
With after-tax income	3,935	1,855	2,075	905	480	430
Under $10,000 (including loss)	430	175	255	110	50	60
$10,000 to $19,999	365	160	200	175	95	85
$20,000 to $29,999	505	230	280	235	120	115
$30,000 to $39,999	415	165	250	165	90	70
$40,000 to $49,999	385	155	230	120	70	45
$50,000 to $59,999	360	145	215	55	25	30
$60,000 to $69,999	230	105	130	20	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	195	100	95	10	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	180	90	85	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	130	70	65	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	735	470	265	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	235	140	90	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	505	330	175	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,095	1,910	2,185	960	500	455
Without employment income	1,465	610	855	320	140	180
With employment income	2,635	1,300	1,330	640	360	280
Under $5,000 (including loss)	485	215	265	110	50	60
$5,000 to $9,999	210	90	120	75	40	40
$10,000 to $19,999	225	110	120	110	55	55
$20,000 to $29,999	165	70	95	100	55	50
$30,000 to $39,999	155	80	80	85	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	130	45	80	60	45	15
$50,000 to $59,999	155	65	85	45	35	10
$60,000 to $69,999	135	65	65	25	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	95	45	50	10	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	85	45	40	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	70	35	40	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	725	430	290	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	155	80	75	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	570	355	215	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,100	1,915	2,185	955	500	460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,835	1,805	2,035	860	455	405
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	66,000	48,400	23,200	26,200	21,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,840	1,805	2,040	860	455	405
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	53,200	40,000	22,400	24,400	20,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,610	1,705	1,900	660	370	300
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	63,600	43,600	22,400	27,400	15,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,555	1,260	1,295	605	335	265
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	56,000	40,800	23,400	28,200	15,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,650	1,140	1,505	775	410	365
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,850	7,050	8,300	4,440	2,880	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	160	60	95	85	50	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	4,520	8,300	4,800	4,520	4,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,040	1,855	2,180	920	505	415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,760	1,735	2,030	815	460	355
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	104,700	131,400	81,900	26,650	26,700	26,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,765	1,735	2,030	815	460	355
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,200	82,300	58,000	23,960	23,600	24,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,510	1,640	1,870	600	345	255
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	105,200	133,000	80,900	25,900	28,100	23,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,415	1,155	1,260	560	320	235
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	99,600	120,000	80,800	26,100	28,900	22,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,640	1,160	1,480	755	425	325
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,340	8,400	10,080	8,040	6,040	10,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	170	70	100	75	60	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,100	3,600	18,000	7,200	6,200	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,035	1,855	2,185	920	505	415
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,095	570	530	185	125	60
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	93,000	99,000	82,000	30,800	36,000	27,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	148,800	171,000	125,200	38,000	38,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	800	365	440	195	95	105
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	27,200	36,000	18,200	18,000	18,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	75,800	84,800	68,000	19,400	22,400	16,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.8	95.8	91.0	72.0	79.0	62.0
Employment income (%)	61.1	61.0	61.2	67.0	75.5	56.0
Government transfers (%)	6.3	4.3	9.0	28.1	21.0	37.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.1	1.1	2.6	3.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,360	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	930	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	26,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	25,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,430	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,330	...	...	550	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,900	...	...	44,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	895	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	28,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	24,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,430	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	208,800	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	148,600	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,360	...	...	560	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	140	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,140	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	205	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	570	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,360	...	...	560	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	180	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	105	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	935	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	220	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	560	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,405	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	740	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	145	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	990	400	590	310	195	115
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,800	53,600	58,400	25,800	27,800	23,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	44,800	47,600	24,400	26,200	23,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,405	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	210,400	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	149,400	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	211,600	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	231,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	161,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	47,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	970	365	605	300	210	90
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	89,600	90,000	89,600	27,600	28,000	26,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,800	63,600	65,600	24,400	24,800	23,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
0 to 17 years	755	370	380	355	170	180
0 to 5 years	215	100	110	145	65	80
18 to 64 years	2,680	1,230	1,450	830	435	400
65 years and over	1,290	620	670	85	40	40
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	675	310	360	375	180	185
0 to 17 years	135	70	65	95	40	50
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	395	175	220	235	130	110
65 years and over	145	65	75	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	14.0	14.6	29.2	28.2	30.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	18.5	17.0	26.8	24.0	30.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	18.0	14.0	31.0	28.0	34.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.2	15.2	28.6	29.2	27.6
65 years and over (%)	11.4	10.8	11.6	44.0	36.0	56.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,720	2,220	2,500	1,270	650	620
0 to 17 years	750	370	380	350	170	180
0 to 5 years	210	105	110	145	65	80
18 to 64 years	2,680	1,235	1,450	835	435	395
65 years and over	1,295	625	675	80	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	480	220	255	250	125	130
0 to 17 years	100	50	55	60	20	35
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	290	130	160	170	95	70
65 years and over	90	40	45	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.1	10.0	10.2	20.0	19.6	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	13.4	13.2	13.6	16.5	12.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	16.0	16.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.6	11.0	20.2	22.0	18.5
65 years and over (%)	6.9	7.0	6.8	30.0	24.0	40.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	655	615
In bottom half of the distribution	1,920	875	1,050	1,135	580	560
In bottom decile	615	290	330	345	170	175
In second decile	350	160	190	230	115	120
In third decile	325	155	170	290	150	140
In fourth decile	345	160	185	180	95	85
In fifth decile	285	120	170	90	50	45
In top half of the distribution	2,805	1,350	1,455	135	75	60
In sixth decile	305	140	165	65	35	30
In seventh decile	330	155	175	35	15	20
In eighth decile	305	145	160	20	10	10
In ninth decile	445	215	230	10	5	0
In top decile	1,420	695	725	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,725	...	...	1,270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.500	...	...	0.278	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.561	...	...	0.487	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.439	...	...	0.250	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	8.2	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
English only	620	310	310	250	130	115
French only	610	250	360	485	220	265
English and French	3,360	1,605	1,750	480	280	205
Neither English nor French	130	60	75	55	25	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
English	1,200	580	620	385	200	180
French	2,770	1,275	1,495	710	360	350
English and French	630	315	310	120	70	45
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	55	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
Single responses	4,495	2,110	2,390	1,125	580	545
Official languages	2,795	1,300	1,495	510	265	245
English	485	240	245	145	70	70
French	2,310	1,065	1,245	365	195	170
Non-official languages	1,705	810	895	620	315	300
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,700	810	895	620	315	300
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	110	100	135	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hausa	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	205	105	100	120	60	60
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	200	105	95	120	60	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	35	15	20
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	5	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,085	515	570	265	145	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	10	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	210	95	115	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	95	115	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	150	70	85	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	310	150	155	150	70	80
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	145	70	75
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	55	30	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	295	140	155	0	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	280	135	150	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	255	115	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	510	245	260	70	45	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	45	40	5	5	0
Romanian	50	20	30	5	0	0
Spanish	330	155	175	60	35	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	80	40	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	135	175	25	10	10
Chinese languages	315	135	175	25	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	265	115	150	15	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	225	120	110	145	70	75
English and French	75	35	40	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	55	40	20	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	10	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
English	445	220	220	135	65	65
French	2,045	940	1,100	345	180	165
Non-official language	705	335	365	205	95	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	705	335	365	205	95	110
English and French	470	225	250	65	30	35
English and non-official language(s)	400	195	210	130	70	60
French and non-official language(s)	235	105	130	240	125	110
English, French and non-official language(s)	380	185	195	135	70	60
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	20	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
Single responses	4,375	2,055	2,320	1,075	550	520
Official languages	3,185	1,485	1,705	725	385	340
English	780	375	405	210	105	105
French	2,405	1,110	1,295	515	280	240
Non-official languages	1,190	575	615	350	165	180
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,190	575	615	350	165	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	45	50	75	35	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	45	50	65	30	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	45	50	65	30	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	10	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	10	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	795	385	415	175	95	90
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	145	70	80	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	145	70	80	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	125	60	65	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	125	135	100	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	100	50	55
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	35	20	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	245	115	125	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	210	100	115	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	380	185	195	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	45	35	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	270	130	145	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	245	115	130	20	10	10
Chinese languages	245	115	130	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	95	110	10	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	170	175	200	95	95
English and French	135	60	70	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	50	55	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	85	40	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	20	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,725	2,225	2,500	1,270	650	620
None	3,455	1,635	1,820	825	410	415
English	430	210	220	80	40	40
French	260	115	150	85	35	45
Non-official language	265	115	145	175	105	70
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	265	115	145	175	105	70
English and French	120	60	55	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	70	25	40	45	30	10
French and non-official language(s)	85	35	50	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,225	645	580
Official languages	4,560	2,130	2,430	1,175	620	545
English	3,950	1,890	2,055	675	385	285
French	3,925	1,835	2,090	885	460	430
Non-official languages	2,480	1,175	1,300	925	495	430
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,470	1,175	1,300	925	495	430
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	160	190	220	125	100
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	350	160	190	210	110	100
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	335	155	175	210	110	100
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	40	25	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	40	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	35	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	80	40	45
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	80	40	45
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,630	790	845	355	195	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	115	135	40	30	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	260	115	135	40	30	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	230	110	120	40	30	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	65	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
German	80	50	35	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	345	170	175	220	105	115
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	25	220	100	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	0	10	35	20	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	115	50	65
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	145	75	70
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	315	165	150	15	10	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	310	160	150	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	285	150	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,010	490	520	70	50	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	185	105	80	10	0	10
Portuguese	175	95	80	10	10	0
Romanian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Spanish	685	330	355	55	40	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	15	160	95	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	25	15	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	415	175	240	25	0	20
Chinese languages	410	175	235	25	0	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	375	145	230	25	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	45	40	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	30	20	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	0	15	30	20	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,695	2,195	2,505	1,230	645	585
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	15	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,670	2,185	2,490	1,230	645	585
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,695	2,195	2,505	1,230	645	585
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,690	2,195	2,495	1,230	645	585
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
Owner	1,375	...	...	45	...	...
Renter	955	...	...	510	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
Condominium	1,395	...	...	100	...	...
Not condominium	935	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	50	...	...
1 bedroom	610	...	...	275	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,075	...	...	160	...	...
3 bedrooms	365	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	185	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,410	...	...	485	...	...
5 rooms	420	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	180	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	115	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	205	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,280	...	...	455	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
Suitable	2,195	...	...	420	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...	110	...	...
1961 to 1980	475	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	185	...	...	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	145	...	...	85	...	...
2001 to 2005	565	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	680	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	175	...	...	25	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,255	...	...	480	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,460	...	...	395	...	...
Two-maintainer household	840	...	...	140	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,325	...	...	550	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	185	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	390	...	...	150	...	...
45 to 54 years	405	...	...	140	...	...
55 to 64 years	480	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	485	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	310	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,305	...	...	540	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,625	...	...	365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	685	...	...	170	...	...
30% to less than 100%	535	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,330	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	840	...	...	310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	635	...	...	130	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...	75	...	...
Major repairs needed only	50	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,490	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,150	...	...	525	...	...
In core need	135	...	...	150	...	...
Not in core need	2,015	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,380	...	...	40	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	45.7	...	...	75.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.5	...	...	37.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,288	...	...	1,560	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	932,000	...	...	560,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	950	...	...	505	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.3	...	...	31.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.6	...	...	28.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	655	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,548	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,695	2,190	2,500	1,225	640	585
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35	15	20	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	35	15	20	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	0	10	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	0	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,645	2,175	2,465	1,215	640	580
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,225	645	580
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,880	1,775	2,105	755	390	360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	615	300	315	265	115	145
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,270	1,480	1,790	490	270	215
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	815	415	395	475	250	220
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,225	645	580
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,625	1,195	1,430	330	170	160
Immigrants⁸¹	1,800	850	950	675	350	320
Before 1980	240	135	105	35	25	10
1980 to 1990	110	60	50	45	25	15
1991 to 2000	295	125	170	85	40	45
2001 to 2010	490	230	255	180	85	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	665	300	365	330	175	155
2011 to 2015	310	130	180	145	80	65
2016 to 2021	355	170	185	190	100	85
Non-permanent residents⁸³	270	145	120	220	120	95
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,795	850	950	675	355	320
Under 5 years	105	50	55	60	20	40
5 to 14 years	300	140	160	70	25	40
15 to 24 years	250	120	130	145	75	75
25 to 44 years	925	430	495	330	185	145
45 years and over	220	115	110	70	50	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,795	850	950	675	355	320
Americas	355	165	185	110	55	50
Brazil	45	25	20	0	0	0
Colombia	110	45	60	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	45	20	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	25	15	15	25	20	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	55	65	0	0	0
Europe	395	220	170	30	25	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	145	90	55	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	15	25	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	55	40	15	15	0
Africa	260	125	135	305	150	155
Algeria	15	10	0	60	30	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	15	10
Egypt	125	65	55	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	10	30	40	20	20
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	165	75	85
Asia	790	340	455	235	130	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	230	115	120	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	25	20	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	10	20	10	10
China⁹⁰	250	95	150	20	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	55	25	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	25	15	15
Viet Nam	15	10	10	30	20	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	15	20	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	25	50	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	355	170	185	185	100	85
Americas	70	25	45	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	90	55	30	10	10	0
France	20	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	10	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	30	95	45	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	35	20	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	25	15
Asia	140	65	80	75	40	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	20	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	0	10	20	20	0
Iran⁸⁸	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,230	645	585
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,110	1,020	1,090	910	485	425
Second generation¹⁰¹	745	355	390	280	145	135
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,845	820	1,025	35	20	20
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,560	720	845	635	325	310
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,195	580	615	270	150	115
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	505	300	210	140	90	50
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	685	280	400	125	65	65
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	240	85	155	250	100	150
Refugees¹⁰⁸	125	50	75	105	70	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,560	720	845	635	325	310
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	110	55	50	75	55	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140	65	75	55	15	35
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	75	30	45	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	45	20	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	10	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,155	510	640	495	245	250
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,230	645	585
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,605	770	835	1,045	520	520
South Asian	80	35	40	220	95	120
Chinese	405	170	240	25	10	20
Black	75	50	25	480	245	240
Filipino	20	10	15	30	15	15
Arab	265	115	145	200	100	100
Latin American	365	185	180	40	25	15
Southeast Asian	40	20	25	40	30	15
West Asian	265	140	125	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	40	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,090	1,425	1,665	180	120	65
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,695	2,195	2,500	1,225	645	580
Canadian	585	260	330	60	30	30
English	80	40	40	0	0	0
Irish	195	85	105	0	0	0
Scottish	85	25	65	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,150	550	610	25	10	15
German	70	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese	325	135	185	25	0	20
Italian	250	110	135	10	10	0
Indian (India)	70	35	35	45	15	35
Ukrainian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	40	15	30	0	0	0
Québécois	140	35	100	10	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	10	15	0	0	0
Filipino	20	10	15	30	15	15
French Canadian	170	75	95	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	15	15	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	40	30	0	0	0
Russian	225	105	120	25	20	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	25	15	0	0	0
American	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	110	60	45	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Acadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	125	65	60
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	0	90	35	55
Jewish	80	45	35	10	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	40	15	25	35	20	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	25	50	125	70	55
Greek	20	15	0	15	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	20	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	70	30	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	25	40	0	0	0
Romanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Lebanese	90	45	45	0	0	0
Iranian	240	125	115	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	30	10	20
Austrian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	55	45	10	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	0	90	40	50
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	35	20	20	35	30	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	55	25	35	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	60	30	30	30	20	15
Egyptian	165	90	70	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	170	85	80	0	0	0
Moroccan	40	10	30	60	30	30
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	25	25	20	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	20	10	10	20	10	15
Brazilian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	0	10
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	15	0	10
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	30	0	25	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	10	10	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	20	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	65	25	35	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	65	15	45
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,700	2,195	2,505	1,230	645	585
Buddhist	35	15	25	0	0	0
Christian	2,675	1,255	1,420	480	265	215
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	200	115	85	115	70	40
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	45	25	15	0	0	0
Baptist	25	10	10	0	0	0
Catholic	2,055	970	1,080	185	100	85
Christian Orthodox	220	85	135	55	30	25
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	0	15
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	10	45	25	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90	30	55	45	15	35
Hindu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Jewish	75	30	45	0	0	0
Muslim	430	185	245	550	280	270
Sikh	0	0	0	65	20	45
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	20	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,395	665	735	120	75	50
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,670	2,175	2,490	1,215	640	570
Non-movers	4,140	1,940	2,200	1,085	560	520
Movers	525	235	290	125	80	50
Non-migrants	325	140	190	65	40	20
Migrants	195	95	105	60	40	25
Internal migrants	110	50	55	20	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	95	55	45	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	85	45	45	35	20	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,535	2,120	2,415	1,115	605	510
Non-movers	2,455	1,120	1,335	475	280	190
Movers	2,075	1,000	1,080	640	325	315
Non-migrants	940	460	475	275	135	140
Migrants	1,145	540	605	365	190	175
Internal migrants	570	250	320	25	20	0
Intraprovincial migrants	475	220	255	20	20	0
Interprovincial migrants	100	30	65	0	0	0
External migrants	570	285	285	340	175	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,035	1,855	2,185	920	505	415
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	245	90	160	270	155	120
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,790	1,765	2,025	650	360	295
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,425	1,090	1,335	740	430	315
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	25	35	190	110	85
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,365	1,065	1,300	550	320	230
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,040	1,855	2,180	920	510	415
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	90	145	240	130	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	520	255	265	230	105	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,285	1,515	1,770	445	270	180
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	900	370	530	225	130	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	45	55	125	75	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	35	50	80	35	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	605	250	350	70	35	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	70	125	30	20	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,385	1,140	1,245	225	140	85
Bachelor's degree	1,165	560	605	115	65	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	105	145	40	30	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	60	60	0	0	0
Master's degree	710	350	355	60	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	130	65	65	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,430	1,090	1,335	735	425	310
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	30	30	165	90	70
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	235	120	110	170	90	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,135	940	1,190	410	245	160
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	490	210	280	205	120	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	40	30	115	70	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	30	20	65	35	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	10	50	35	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	315	140	175	60	35	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	35	75	30	20	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,640	735	910	205	130	75
Bachelor's degree	800	355	450	100	60	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	80	115	40	30	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	30	50	0	0	0
Master's degree	495	235	255	55	25	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	25	40	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,040	1,860	2,185	920	510	410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	755	345	415	475	240	235
Education	85	0	85	10	0	0
13. Education	85	0	85	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	50	100	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	40	95	0	0	0
Humanities	265	90	180	40	25	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	10	55	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	50	50	15	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	10	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	555	240	310	45	25	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	40	55	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	210	100	110	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	70	10	55	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	155	90	65	20	20	0
Business, management and public administration	1,075	505	575	100	65	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	20	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,045	495	550	100	65	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	65	85	35	20	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	35	45	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	130	50	20	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	100	20	10	10	0
25. Library science	20	10	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	360	280	85	90	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	260	205	60	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	55	40	10	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	20	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	400	130	270	70	0	60
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	285	70	220	60	0	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	45	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	30	20	30	25	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	10	15	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,425	1,095	1,335	740	425	310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	295	150	145	330	180	150
Education	45	0	45	10	0	0
13. Education	45	0	45	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	25	60	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	25	55	0	0	0
Humanities	145	35	110	35	20	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	40	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	100	210	35	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	25	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	80	25	55	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	10	45	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	80	30	50	20	20	0
Business, management and public administration	775	330	440	100	70	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	760	330	425	100	70	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	45	50	35	20	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	30	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	20	15	20	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	105	20	15	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	90	0	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	300	225	80	80	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	225	165	60	30	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	40	10	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	20	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	200	50	145	55	0	55
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	125	25	100	55	0	55
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	15	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	10	25	20	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,425	1,095	1,335	740	425	310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	295	150	145	330	180	150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,135	945	1,190	410	250	160
Location of study inside Canada	1,265	570	695	170	95	75
Same as province or territory of residence	1,190	535	650	165	95	70
Different than province or territory of residence	75	35	45	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	870	375	495	240	155	85
Americas	240	100	145	15	10	0
United States of America	35	0	30	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	60	35	25	0	0	0
Colombia	75	35	40	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	240	110	135	30	20	10
Belgium	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	110	45	60	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	15	10	10	0
Ukraine	25	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	65	25	35	130	90	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	85	60	25
Asia	325	140	180	55	30	30
Iran⁸⁸	115	65	50	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	115	45	65	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other locations of study in Asia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,040	1,855	2,180	920	510	415
In the labour force	2,265	1,130	1,135	590	350	235
Employed	2,025	1,005	1,020	515	305	205
Unemployed	240	125	115	80	50	30
Not in the labour force	1,770	725	1,045	330	150	175
Participation rate	56.1	60.9	52.1	64.1	68.6	56.6
Employment rate	50.1	54.2	46.8	56.0	59.8	49.4
Unemployment rate	10.6	11.1	10.1	13.6	14.3	12.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,040	1,860	2,180	920	510	410
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,775	720	1,050	450	235	215
Worked	2,265	1,135	1,125	470	275	195
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,185	630	555	210	145	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,075	500	580	260	130	130
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	41.4	38.8	38.4	40.8	35.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,265	1,130	1,135	590	355	240
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	40	55	30	25	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,080	560	325	230
Employee	1,545	730	815	480	270	210
Permanent position	1,225	600	625	385	240	140
Temporary position	320	135	190	90	25	65
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	30	90	40	10	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	200	105	100	55	15	40
Self-employed¹⁹²	625	355	270	80	60	20
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,265	1,130	1,135	590	355	240
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	40	55	30	25	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,080	560	325	230
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	150	95	55	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	585	240	345	80	55	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	230	65	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	195	55	140	70	0	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	260	105	155	30	0	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	50	75	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	400	195	205	175	110	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	90	30	100	100	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	25	10	55	35	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,265	1,130	1,135	590	355	240
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	40	55	30	25	10
All industries¹⁹¹	2,175	1,090	1,080	560	325	230
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	25	10	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	25	15	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	145	90	50	65	45	15
41 Wholesale trade	60	35	25	40	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	200	110	85	45	20	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	85	65	15	50	50	0
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	50	15	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	205	115	95	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	40	80	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	435	250	180	45	20	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	35	35	75	55	25
61 Educational services	150	60	85	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	280	90	190	115	25	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	15	10	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	60	45	15	20	15	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	75	25	55	20	15	10
91 Public administration	100	30	70	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,445	1,200	1,245	620	360	260
English	430	240	185	145	80	65
French	790	320	465	295	155	145
Non-official language	20	15	0	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0	15	10	10
English and French	1,095	555	535	135	90	40
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	45	20	20	15	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,445	1,200	1,245	620	360	260
Single responses	2,165	1,070	1,090	575	335	245
Official languages	2,120	1,050	1,070	550	315	235
English	765	440	335	195	115	80
French	1,350	615	740	360	200	160
Non-official languages	45	25	20	25	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	25	20	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	15	10	0	10
Chinese languages	40	25	15	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	285	130	155	40	20	20
English and French	265	120	150	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,445	1,200	1,245	620	360	260
None	1,510	700	805	480	255	225
English	560	285	275	65	50	10
French	295	165	125	55	40	15
Non-official language	40	20	25	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	25	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	20	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,020	1,005	1,020	515	305	210
Worked at home	890	435	455	45	25	20
Worked outside Canada	25	15	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	120	50	75	145	95	50
Usual place of work	995	505	485	325	185	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	995	505	485	325	190	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	765	360	405	255	140	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	70	50	20	40	30	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	150	90	55	25	15	15
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,110	550	560	465	280	185
Car, truck or van	845	425	420	205	160	45
Car, truck or van - as a driver	780	395	385	190	150	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	60	30	30	15	10	0
Public transit	190	95	100	200	100	100
Walked	15	0	10	25	0	20
Bicycle	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	50	20	30	35	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,110	550	560	465	280	185
Less than 15 minutes	110	70	40	75	30	45
15 to 29 minutes	480	230	255	115	90	25
30 to 44 minutes	360	160	195	150	95	55
45 to 59 minutes	100	55	45	55	25	25
60 minutes and over	65	40	30	65	35	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,110	550	560	465	280	185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	35	20	45	25	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	55	50	65	35	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	325	145	180	75	30	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	300	155	145	65	35	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	240	95	140	45	30	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	90	65	20	170	115	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	760	380	385	355	170	185
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	215	110	110	105	50	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	270	275	250	120	135
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	575	290	290	235	120	110
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	175	85	85	75	40	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	65	70	70	40	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	400	200	205	155	75	75

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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