Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661017More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660155More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662024More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	671	...	...	623	...	...	2,628	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	363	...	...	301	...	...	1,694	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	333	...	...	282	...	...	1,576	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,353.6	...	...	9,029.0	...	...	16,353.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	0.07	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	675	360	315	625	310	315	2,630	1,060	1,570
0 to 14 years	75	35	45	120	55	60	155	85	70
0 to 4 years	20	10	15	45	25	20	75	35	35
5 to 9 years	20	10	10	45	20	25	50	30	25
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	35	15	20	30	15	15
15 to 64 years	515	285	230	410	215	195	1,240	615	625
15 to 19 years	25	10	10	40	20	25	35	20	20
20 to 24 years	70	45	25	25	15	10	90	35	55
25 to 29 years	85	55	30	40	25	20	230	115	110
30 to 34 years	70	40	30	50	25	30	200	100	95
35 to 39 years	50	30	20	55	30	20	155	70	85
40 to 44 years	55	25	25	50	25	30	140	75	65
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	45	20	25	60	30	30
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	30	20	15	80	50	30
55 to 59 years	50	25	25	35	20	15	110	60	50
60 to 64 years	45	25	25	35	25	10	135	55	80
65 years and over	85	35	45	90	40	50	1,235	360	870
65 to 69 years	35	20	20	20	5	10	230	65	170
70 to 74 years	25	10	10	35	15	20	215	70	145
75 to 79 years	10	10	0	20	10	5	330	120	210
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	15	5	10	185	40	145
85 years and over	15	5	10	5	5	5	270	60	210
85 to 89 years	5	5	10	5	0	5	200	40	165
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	60	20	40
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1	9.7	14.3	19.2	17.7	19.0	5.9	8.0	4.5
15 to 64 years	76.3	79.2	73.0	65.6	69.4	61.9	47.1	58.0	39.8
65 years and over	12.6	9.7	14.3	14.4	12.9	15.9	47.0	34.0	55.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.4	3.2	0.8	1.6	1.6	10.3	5.7	13.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.8	39.1	39.6	38.6	55.6	49.9	59.5
Median age of the population	36.8	34.4	40.4	38.4	39.6	37.2	62.0	49.2	67.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	335	...	...	280	...	...	1,575	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70	...	...	45	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	255	...	...	175	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,355	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	335	...	...	285	...	...	1,580	...	...
1 person	135	...	...	100	...	...	1,070	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	85	...	...	385	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	40	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	35	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	660	350	310	625	315	315	2,260	970	1,285
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	595	325	275	505	255	250	2,475	975	1,500
Married or living common-law	230	115	120	270	135	130	850	430	420
Married	145	70	70	155	80	75	390	200	190
Living common-law	90	45	45	115	60	50	460	230	225
Living common law - Never married	85	40	45	95	50	45	375	185	195
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	15	10	5	70	45	30
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	365	210	155	235	115	115	1,625	545	1,080
Not married and not living common law - Never married	275	175	100	175	95	80	885	390	500
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	10	10	0	5	50	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	25	20	45	15	25	310	85	230
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	5	20	15	5	10	375	55	320
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	155	...	...	165	...	...	460	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	85	...	...	350	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	35	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	30	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	165	...	...	465	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	130	...	...	405	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	75	...	...	175	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	40	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	30	...	...	125	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	60	...	...	225	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	30	...	...	175	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	30	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	665	350	310	620	310	310	2,260	970	1,285
Total - Persons in census families	405	195	215	475	235	245	1,090	550	540
Married spouses or common-law partners	215	105	110	260	135	125	810	410	395
Parents in one-parent families	45	10	35	35	10	25	60	20	40
Children⁶	145	75	75	180	90	95	230	120	105
In a two-parent family	75	40	40	125	55	70	155	75	80
In a one-parent family	65	35	35	55	35	20	70	45	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	255	155	100	150	80	70	1,165	420	745
Living alone	140	70	65	105	50	55	1,070	365	710
Living with other relatives⁷	25	15	10	25	15	10	25	15	10
Living with non-relatives only	90	65	20	15	15	5	65	40	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	330	...	...	285	...	...	1,575	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	140	...	...	155	...	...	455	...	...
Couple-family households	110	...	...	125	...	...	400	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	65	...	...	105	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	60	...	...	295	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	35	...	...	55	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	135	...	...	105	...	...	1,070	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	590	320	270	505	260	245	2,105	890	1,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	560	305	260	485	250	240	2,075	875	1,205
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	35,200	33,600	38,800	40,000	36,800	41,200	46,800	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	560	305	260	485	250	240	2,075	875	1,205
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	31,600	32,000	34,800	35,200	33,600	36,800	40,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	265	225	440	230	215	1,895	820	1,080
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	28,000	27,200	30,400	33,600	28,400	31,200	38,400	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	230	180	370	205	170	1,210	610	610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	28,400	29,800	33,600	35,600	31,600	40,000	42,800	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	265	235	400	195	205	1,780	710	1,070
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	9,200	10,100	10,300	9,000	13,300	15,900	13,700	16,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	40	25	55	25	30	165	80	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,200	4,600	5,480	6,000	5,200	5,320	5,600	4,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	205	115	90	135	75	65	480	245	235
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	600	315	285	475	245	225	2,050	880	1,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	575	300	270	460	240	220	2,035	870	1,165
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	42,800	39,600	47,200	49,600	44,800	52,400	56,000	49,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	575	300	270	460	240	220	2,035	870	1,165
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,800	34,400	38,600	38,800	38,800	42,400	44,900	40,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	500	265	235	435	225	205	1,840	795	1,050
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	36,800	31,600	39,200	43,200	35,200	44,600	49,500	40,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	225	170	345	200	145	1,170	565	605
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	36,400	36,400	41,400	41,600	41,000	51,400	53,000	50,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	260	245	380	185	200	1,715	715	995
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	12,100	14,000	12,400	11,400	13,400	14,100	12,920	14,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	40	40	60	40	15	180	90	90
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	7,400	4,800	6,000	7,000	4,000	6,360	5,800	6,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	240	140	100	140	85	50	485	250	235
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,800	9,800	9,400	9,600	8,800	8,440	8,600	8,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	600	310	285	470	245	225	2,055	880	1,165
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	135	85	50	190	110	90	510	270	240
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	53,200	52,000	52,800	58,400	52,000	62,400	61,200	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,000	61,000	64,000	56,000	60,000	51,000	73,200	66,000	81,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	195	95	100	120	70	45	530	240	295
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	13,700	23,000	24,400	27,800	22,400	24,000	23,800	24,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	19,600	23,600	27,600	26,000	30,000	39,800	47,600	33,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.0	76.0	68.0	78.5	82.0	73.0	77.2	80.8	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.2	64.0	58.0	65.5	70.0	60.0	56.4	61.6	52.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.8	24.4	31.6	21.8	17.6	26.8	22.7	19.1	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.4	1.8	1.6	2.4	0.6	1.0	1.0	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	10.3	10.6	10.0	6.8	7.4	5.9	4.6	5.0	4.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	9.2	9.6	8.8	6.0	6.8	4.8	3.8	4.4	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	585	315	275	505	255	250	2,100	890	1,220
Without total income	25	15	10	15	5	10	30	10	15
With total income	565	300	260	490	250	240	2,080	875	1,200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	30	10	15	70	35	35
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	40	55	30	30	185	70	115
$20,000 to $29,999	125	75	50	85	35	45	440	145	295
$30,000 to $39,999	80	45	35	80	40	40	305	120	185
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	65	35	30	270	105	170
$50,000 to $59,999	60	30	30	45	30	20	230	105	125
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	35	20	20	140	65	75
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	35	20	20	115	50	65
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	5	20	5	10	85	45	40
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	10	10	5	60	25	35
$100,000 and over	20	20	5	25	10	10	165	105	55
$100,000 to $149,999	15	15	0	20	10	5	120	75	45
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	5	0	0	45	35	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	585	315	275	505	255	250	2,100	890	1,220
Without after-tax income	25	15	10	15	5	10	30	10	15
With after-tax income	565	300	260	490	250	240	2,080	875	1,200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	35	15	15	80	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	80	40	45	60	35	30	200	80	125
$20,000 to $29,999	130	80	50	100	50	55	495	170	320
$30,000 to $39,999	95	50	45	90	50	40	405	155	250
$40,000 to $49,999	90	45	40	80	40	35	335	145	190
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	55	30	25	190	90	100
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	35	15	20	145	75	70
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	0	20	10	10	80	40	40
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	10	5	0	65	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	10	5	5	30	10	15
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	5	0	0	60	40	20
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	585	315	275	505	255	250	2,100	890	1,220
Without employment income	175	85	90	130	50	75	890	280	610
With employment income	410	230	185	375	200	170	1,215	605	605
Under $5,000 (including loss)	60	25	35	55	30	25	190	95	95
$5,000 to $9,999	35	15	15	25	15	15	70	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	60	40	25	35	15	20	130	60	75
$20,000 to $29,999	60	35	20	55	30	25	120	60	60
$30,000 to $39,999	45	30	20	30	15	10	95	45	50
$40,000 to $49,999	40	10	25	40	15	25	120	50	70
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	15	45	25	15	90	45	50
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	25	20	5	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	25	10	10	75	45	30
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	15	10	10	65	35	35
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	10	5	0	45	15	25
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	20	10	5	130	85	45
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	15	5	0	70	50	25
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	5	5	0	55	35	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	590	320	270	505	260	245	2,105	890	1,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	550	295	255	480	245	235	2,055	865	1,190
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	31,000	28,800	35,200	36,800	34,000	38,000	42,800	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	550	295	255	480	245	235	2,050	865	1,190
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	28,400	27,000	32,000	32,400	31,600	33,600	38,800	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	485	265	220	430	220	205	1,895	815	1,075
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	30,600	24,200	31,200	35,600	27,200	31,000	38,400	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	230	180	365	200	170	1,220	605	615
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600	29,800	26,400	34,000	35,600	32,000	38,800	44,400	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	240	215	375	180	195	1,655	645	1,010
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,240	2,000	6,600	7,400	3,840	10,000	12,800	6,650	15,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	15	15	55	30	25	110	60	50
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	x	x	6,000	5,600	8,000	4,960	4,400	6,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	600	315	285	475	245	225	2,050	880	1,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	575	300	270	460	240	220	2,000	855	1,145
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	39,200	33,600	42,400	43,600	41,200	49,600	53,000	47,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	575	300	270	460	240	220	2,000	855	1,145
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,200	29,400	35,800	36,400	35,200	39,400	41,200	38,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	510	275	235	430	225	195	1,820	770	1,050
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,200	38,600	40,800	36,000	44,800	50,600	40,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	235	180	345	195	150	1,160	550	610
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	35,600	31,400	40,000	40,400	39,000	51,900	55,400	48,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	220	230	350	170	180	1,630	650	980
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	7,650	9,900	8,680	6,600	10,600	10,880	9,760	11,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	15	0	50	30	25	125	75	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	...	5,600	5,600	5,600	7,200	5,600	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	600	310	285	470	245	225	2,055	880	1,165
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	135	85	50	190	110	90	515	270	240
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	46,000	48,000	48,800	51,200	45,600	59,600	58,400	60,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,000	58,000	52,000	52,800	57,000	48,000	67,600	64,500	71,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	95	105	120	70	50	505	230	275
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	11,900	20,400	19,000	25,400	18,800	31,000	29,600	32,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	19,600	22,400	28,800	27,000	32,000	47,200	53,600	41,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	86.0	75.0	84.0	90.0	79.0	82.2	86.0	78.8
Employment income (%)	67.0	70.0	63.0	71.5	77.0	64.0	60.8	67.5	55.2
Government transfers (%)	19.0	14.2	25.2	15.6	10.6	21.2	17.9	14.0	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.2	x	1.5	1.6	1.4	0.9	0.9	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	335	...	...	285	...	...	1,580	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	68,500	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	59,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	105	...	...	1,070	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	195	...	...	180	...	...	505	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	345	...	...	265	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	82,000	...	...	68,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	67,000	...	...	55,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	95	...	...	1,090	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...	44,000	...	...	46,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,000	...	...	37,500	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	175	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	118,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	91,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	335	...	...	285	...	...	1,580	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	25	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	75	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	25	...	...	110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	335	...	...	285	...	...	1,580	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	25	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	50	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	165	...	...	170	...	...	475	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	75,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	60	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	79,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	70,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	65	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	101,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	35	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	68,500	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	60,800	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	225	140	85	120	65	55	1,140	400	740
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	31,200	33,200	36,800	38,000	36,400	38,000	44,800	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	28,600	32,400	32,800	34,000	31,600	34,800	39,200	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	165	...	...	170	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	121,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	93,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	80	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	55	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	216,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	35	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	240	155	90	95	45	50	1,145	440	705
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	38,000	44,000	43,000	52,000	34,000	45,600	50,600	42,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	32,500	38,500	37,000	44,000	31,000	38,800	41,800	36,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	660	350	315	625	310	315	2,255	970	1,285
0 to 17 years	90	40	45	145	60	80	175	95	80
0 to 5 years	30	10	15	45	25	20	85	45	40
18 to 64 years	490	270	220	385	205	180	1,205	590	615
65 years and over	85	40	45	95	40	55	875	280	590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	65	65	85	45	45	415	150	265
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	20	10	10	20	20	5
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	5	5	0	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	95	50	45	40	25	20	170	85	90
65 years and over	15	5	10	25	15	15	225	50	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	19.0	20.0	14.2	13.6	14.8	18.4	15.4	20.6
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	20.0	20.0	15.0	16.0	14.0	12.0	18.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	x	25.0	10.0	x	x	6.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.5	20.0	10.8	11.0	11.0	14.1	14.2	14.0
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.0	20.0	26.0	28.0	28.0	25.8	17.5	29.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	665	350	310	620	310	310	2,260	970	1,285
0 to 17 years	90	40	50	145	65	80	175	95	80
0 to 5 years	30	5	20	45	20	25	85	40	40
18 to 64 years	490	270	220	385	205	175	1,210	590	615
65 years and over	85	40	45	95	40	55	875	285	590
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	50	40	40	25	15	215	85	125
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	5	5	0	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	80	50	35	25	15	10	125	60	65
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	5	80	15	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.2	14.8	13.6	6.0	6.8	5.0	9.4	9.0	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	16.0	10.0	5.0	6.0	x	6.0	10.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.8	17.0	16.0	5.6	6.0	5.0	10.2	10.4	10.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	8.0	10.0	8.0	9.2	6.0	10.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	660	350	315	625	310	315	2,255	975	1,285
In bottom half of the distribution	465	250	220	400	195	205	1,450	580	875
In bottom decile	145	80	70	65	35	35	330	120	205
In second decile	95	50	40	110	55	55	365	125	245
In third decile	85	45	45	85	45	40	285	120	165
In fourth decile	70	35	35	70	30	35	265	105	160
In fifth decile	65	40	25	75	30	40	210	110	105
In top half of the distribution	195	100	95	225	115	105	810	395	415
In sixth decile	60	30	30	75	35	35	190	85	110
In seventh decile	50	25	25	45	20	25	195	80	110
In eighth decile	50	25	25	60	40	25	155	80	75
In ninth decile	20	10	10	25	15	15	145	80	65
In top decile	20	10	5	15	10	10	120	65	55
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	665	...	...	620	...	...	2,260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.305	...	...	0.270	...	...	0.362	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.454	...	...	0.408	...	...	0.517	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.236	...	...	0.306	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	355	310	620	310	310	2,630	1,060	1,565
English only	105	50	45	10	0	0	50	30	20
French only	190	95	95	315	150	165	1,005	330	675
English and French	365	205	165	290	150	135	1,550	690	860
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	10	0	10	20	5	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	355	310	620	310	310	2,630	1,060	1,565
English	195	105	90	30	15	15	150	75	75
French	420	220	200	550	275	280	2,390	945	1,450
English and French	45	25	25	30	15	15	60	30	35
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	10	0	10	20	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	355	310	620	310	310	2,630	1,060	1,565
Single responses	620	330	290	590	295	295	2,545	1,020	1,530
Official languages	420	220	200	445	225	220	2,285	895	1,390
English	85	40	45	15	10	5	80	40	40
French	335	185	155	430	220	215	2,205	855	1,355
Non-official languages	200	110	90	140	65	75	260	125	130
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	110	90	140	65	75	260	125	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	40	20	20	60	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	35	15	20	55	20	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	35	15	20	55	20	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	5	5	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	15	5	5	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	35	70	35	35	150	75	70
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	10	5	5	25	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	10	5	5	25	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	20	55	30	25	100	50	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	15	5	10	10	5	10
Portuguese	10	10	5	0	0	0	30	20	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	35	20	15	55	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	15	5	5	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	25	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages	50	30	25	5	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	5	0	0	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	25	35	10	20	80	40	40
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	5	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	25	15	15	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	355	310	620	310	310	2,630	1,060	1,565
English	85	45	40	5	5	5	95	40	60
French	300	155	145	395	200	200	2,125	830	1,290
Non-official language	70	35	35	55	25	30	75	30	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	35	55	25	30	75	30	40
English and French	60	30	30	50	30	20	165	75	90
English and non-official language(s)	70	45	30	10	5	5	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	75	35	40	80	45	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	30	10	15	65	35	35
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	355	310	620	310	310	2,630	1,060	1,565
Single responses	615	325	290	575	285	285	2,545	1,020	1,525
Official languages	500	270	230	475	245	230	2,430	970	1,460
English	145	80	60	30	15	10	145	60	80
French	360	190	170	445	225	215	2,285	910	1,380
Non-official languages	115	55	55	100	45	55	115	50	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	55	55	100	45	55	115	50	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	30	10	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	30	5	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	15	30	5	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	30	45	25	25	65	35	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	10	5	5	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	10	5	5	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	35	20	15	50	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	25	15	15	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	35	20	50	20	30	80	40	45
English and French	20	5	10	10	5	0	45	25	25
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	30	10	20	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	355	310	625	315	310	2,630	1,060	1,570
None	490	260	230	505	250	250	2,365	935	1,435
English	50	25	25	30	15	15	105	45	60
French	25	15	15	45	20	20	45	25	20
Non-official language	55	35	20	25	10	15	60	30	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	35	20	25	10	15	60	30	35
English and French	10	5	0	10	5	5	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	10	5	5	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	5	5	0	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	690	355	335	570	290	280	2,180	955	1,220
Official languages	665	345	320	560	290	270	2,165	950	1,220
English	475	270	200	280	160	120	1,445	690	755
French	565	285	275	550	280	270	2,120	915	1,205
Non-official languages	365	185	180	210	100	105	495	220	275
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	365	185	180	210	100	105	495	220	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	15	70	25	45	70	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	30	10	70	25	45	70	35	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	30	10	70	25	45	65	30	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	45	25	20	30	15	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	40	25	20	25	10	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	75	95	75	40	30	365	170	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	35	75	65	40	30	295	130	165
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	10	0	10	35	10	25
Portuguese	20	10	10	30	25	10	50	25	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	20	40	30	15	15	245	110	135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	0	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	690	350	340	570	290	275	2,180	955	1,225
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	0	20	10	0	0	40	35	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	0	20	10	0	0	40	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	0	20	0	0	0	20	15	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	665	350	320	555	285	270	2,140	925	1,220
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	690	350	340	570	290	275	2,180	955	1,225
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	690	350	335	570	290	275	2,170	950	1,225
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
Owner	110	...	...	105	...	...	430	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	155	...	...	1,130	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	15	...	...	540	...	...
Not condominium	320	...	...	250	...	...	1,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	65	...	...	980	...	...
2 bedrooms	145	...	...	120	...	...	445	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	60	...	...	65	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	195	...	...	145	...	...	1,415	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...	45	...	...	100	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.4	...	...	4.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
One person or fewer per room	340	...	...	255	...	...	1,550	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
Suitable	320	...	...	245	...	...	1,525	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
1960 or before	230	...	...	85	...	...	190	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	75	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	20	...	...	360	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	25	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	330	...	...	240	...	...	1,460	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	30	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
One-maintainer household	195	...	...	130	...	...	1,215	...	...
Two-maintainer household	140	...	...	130	...	...	350	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	340	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	55	...	...	275	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	70	...	...	210	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	35	...	...	155	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	40	...	...	115	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	35	...	...	340	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	15	...	...	270	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	15	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	345	...	...	265	...	...	1,555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	285	...	...	235	...	...	785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	35	...	...	765	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	30	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	345	...	...	265	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	70	...	...	865	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	25	...	...	735	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	245	...	...	200	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	345	...	...	265	...	...	1,495	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
Not in core need	315	...	...	250	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	110	...	...	430	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.5	...	...	77.3	...	...	76.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...	1,340	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,340	...	...	1,555	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	550,000	...	...	470,000	...	...	454,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	230	...	...	160	...	...	1,135	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	27.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.6	...	...	15.6	...	...	60.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	800	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...	860	...	...	1,344	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	690	350	340	565	290	280	2,175	955	1,220
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	0	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	0	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	0	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	0	0	30	25	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	665	350	320	555	285	270	2,115	915	1,200
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	690	355	340	565	290	280	2,175	955	1,220
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	535	255	285	515	260	255	2,040	885	1,155
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	50	60	100	50	50	140	80	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	430	205	220	410	210	205	1,900	805	1,095
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	95	55	50	30	25	140	70	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	690	355	340	565	290	280	2,175	955	1,220
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	395	185	205	425	205	220	1,830	780	1,050
Immigrants⁸¹	230	110	120	135	75	60	280	140	140
Before 1980	40	15	20	20	10	10	45	25	20
1980 to 1990	10	0	0	25	10	10	55	20	35
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	20	10	10	50	30	20
2001 to 2010	25	10	15	20	10	10	60	30	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	130	70	60	55	30	30	70	35	35
2011 to 2015	85	50	40	25	15	0	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	45	15	25	35	15	20	50	30	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	60	10	10	10	0	75	40	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	230	105	120	135	75	60	280	140	140
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	45	15	30	20	10	15	50	15	30
15 to 24 years	55	35	20	25	10	15	40	20	15
25 to 44 years	110	50	55	80	50	25	160	85	75
45 years and over	20	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	230	105	120	135	75	60	280	140	140
Americas	15	0	15	45	25	20	45	25	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	15	10	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	15	0
Europe	70	35	30	35	20	15	150	80	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0	80	45	40
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	0	30	10	15
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	30	15	20	40	25	10	50	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	15	10	10	0	20	10	10
Asia	115	55	55	20	10	10	35	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	55	30	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	15	25	35	15	20	50	30	25
Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	690	350	335	570	290	280	2,180	955	1,220
First generation¹⁰⁰	295	170	130	150	90	60	380	185	195
Second generation¹⁰¹	125	65	60	100	55	50	240	110	135
Third generation or more¹⁰²	265	120	150	320	145	175	1,555	665	890
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	195	95	95	115	65	50	230	110	120
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	55	50	75	35	35	145	80	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	35	30	40	25	15	90	65	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	20	15	40	10	25	55	15	40
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	10	10	25	20	0	65	25	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	30	35	20	10	10	10	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	195	95	95	115	65	50	230	110	120
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	20	20	0	0	0	15	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	0	10	10	0	10	40	30	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	100	55	50	95	60	40	140	60	80
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	690	350	340	570	290	275	2,180	955	1,225
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	275	150	120	170	100	70	240	125	115
South Asian	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	80	45	40	0	0	0	15	0	15
Black	60	30	25	100	65	30	80	45	35
Filipino	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	35	25	10	45	15	20	50	30	20
Latin American	15	0	15	0	0	0	55	30	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	20	10	15	10	0	10
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	420	205	210	395	190	205	1,940	835	1,110
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	690	355	335	570	290	280	2,175	955	1,220
Canadian	80	30	45	115	60	55	490	175	315
English	20	10	0	15	10	10	35	25	10
Irish	35	15	20	25	0	15	80	35	45
Scottish	25	10	20	0	0	0	40	0	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	95	55	45	100	50	55	845	365	475
German	30	20	15	10	0	10	30	10	25
Chinese	75	35	40	10	0	10	15	0	10
Italian	45	20	25	25	0	20	55	20	35
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Québécois	55	20	40	30	20	10	210	95	115
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Filipino	35	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	25	15	10	30	0	20	180	80	100
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	15	35	25	10	55	25	20
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	10	20	40	20	20	25	15	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0	30	20	0	40	25	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	15	20	20	15	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	690	350	340	570	290	275	2,180	955	1,225
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	350	150	200	315	150	165	1,310	505	805
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	10	0	10	30	0	20	70	30	40
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	315	130	190	275	135	140	1,215	455	760
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	10	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
Hindu	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	85	55	30	55	25	30	45	15	35
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	235	135	100	195	120	80	815	430	385
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	680	355	330	560	285	280	2,160	945	1,210
Non-movers	555	265	285	505	255	250	1,580	695	885
Movers	125	85	40	60	30	25	580	255	325
Non-migrants	105	65	40	55	30	25	440	185	250
Migrants	20	20	0	0	0	0	140	65	70
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	55
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
External migrants	15	15	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	660	345	320	540	280	270	2,120	925	1,195
Non-movers	350	160	195	305	155	145	570	255	320
Movers	310	185	125	235	120	115	1,545	670	875
Non-migrants	165	100	65	150	90	65	1,030	400	625
Migrants	145	85	60	85	30	55	515	270	245
Internal migrants	60	20	40	25	0	20	430	225	205
Intraprovincial migrants	35	10	25	25	0	20	390	205	185
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	25	20
External migrants	85	70	20	60	25	35	85	45	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	600	315	285	470	245	225	2,050	880	1,170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	90	70	115	80	40	325	180	150
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	440	225	215	355	170	185	1,730	710	1,020
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	410	205	205	345	195	150	1,040	515	525
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	40	40	65	50	20	50	45	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	335	165	165	275	145	130	990	475	515
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	600	315	285	470	245	225	2,050	885	1,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	75	70	95	60	35	290	145	145
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	50	55	110	50	55	325	125	200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	345	185	160	270	140	130	1,440	615	825
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	90	80	180	95	85	675	295	375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	15	40	65	30	25	155	90	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	0	40	40	15	25	115	55	60
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	20	15	0	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	70	25	100	50	45	345	120	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	10	15	15	0	175	90	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	175	90	80	90	40	50	770	320	450
Bachelor's degree	65	30	35	70	35	35	425	185	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	15	10	0	10	75	25	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Master's degree	50	30	20	15	0	0	205	70	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0	0	0	50	35	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	410	210	200	340	190	150	1,045	515	525
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	35	35	40	25	10	40	35	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	70	40	25	95	50	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	140	145	235	125	110	900	430	470
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	55	70	145	80	60	350	200	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	10	40	55	35	25	95	55	40
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	0	35	40	20	20	65	25	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	20	10	0	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	40	20	70	40	35	175	85	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	15	10	0	85	65	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	155	90	70	85	45	45	550	235	315
Bachelor's degree	60	35	25	65	35	30	295	140	155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	20	10	10	0	10	70	25	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Master's degree	45	30	20	15	10	0	140	40	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	0	0	0	30	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	595	315	285	470	250	220	2,055	885	1,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	255	125	125	200	110	90	610	265	345
Education	30	10	20	15	0	15	60	10	55
13. Education	30	10	20	15	0	15	60	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	15	0	35	20	15	155	60	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	20	10	10	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0	15	10	10	140	50	85
Humanities	15	0	10	25	10	20	110	55	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	25	55	20	35	245	70	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	25	0	20	50	0	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	0	0	0	45	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	50	35
Business, management and public administration	50	20	30	45	20	25	345	145	200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	20	30	45	20	25	315	145	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	20	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	10	10	10	0	70	35	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	10	10	10	0	40	35	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	55	0	25	25	0	170	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	20	20	0	0	0	0	60	50	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	20	20	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	20	30	25	15	10	140	40	100
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	10	10	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	30	15	0	10	130	35	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	0	25	25	20	0	80	35	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25	25	20	0	45	15	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	410	205	205	340	195	150	1,045	520	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	125	65	60	105	65	40	140	80	60
Education	30	10	15	10	0	10	20	0	20
13. Education	30	10	15	10	0	10	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	25	10	10	110	50	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	15	10	10	95	35	60
Humanities	0	0	0	20	0	0	50	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	15	20	50	15	35	160	45	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	25	0	20	40	0	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	55	30	25
Business, management and public administration	45	15	30	45	20	25	220	115	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	15	30	45	20	25	210	115	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	15	10	10	0	45	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	20	0	10	10	0	30	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	35	0	20	20	0	130	120	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	20	20	0	0	0	0	50	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	20	30	20	15	0	85	30	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	10	10	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	30	10	0	0	70	25	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	0	25	20	15	0	40	20	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25	20	15	0	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	410	205	205	340	195	150	1,045	520	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	125	65	60	105	65	40	140	80	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	285	145	140	235	125	110	905	430	470
Location of study inside Canada	190	80	110	185	95	80	755	350	405
Same as province or territory of residence	165	65	105	185	95	80	715	335	370
Different than province or territory of residence	25	15	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	90	65	35	50	30	25	145	80	65
Americas	15	0	10	20	10	0	30	20	15
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Europe	10	10	0	20	0	15	90	50	45
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	10	0	10	75	30	35
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	600	315	285	470	245	225	2,050	885	1,170
In the labour force	375	225	150	315	175	140	1,040	520	515
Employed	325	200	125	290	160	130	975	485	485
Unemployed	50	25	25	20	10	10	65	35	30
Not in the labour force	225	90	135	160	70	85	1,010	360	655
Participation rate	62.5	71.4	52.6	67.0	71.4	62.2	50.7	58.8	44.0
Employment rate	54.2	63.5	43.9	61.7	65.3	57.8	47.6	54.8	41.5
Unemployment rate	13.3	11.1	16.7	6.3	5.7	7.1	6.3	6.7	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	595	315	285	470	250	220	2,055	885	1,170
Did not work¹⁸⁶	245	115	130	140	60	80	945	335	605
Worked	355	195	155	330	190	145	1,110	550	565
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	140	90	50	200	110	90	525	280	245
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	210	105	105	130	80	55	585	270	320
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	38.8	36.0	43.7	43.0	44.4	40.2	40.7	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	370	220	150	310	170	140	1,040	520	515
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	10	0	10	10	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	360	220	140	305	170	135	1,030	515	510
Employee	325	195	125	245	155	90	875	425	445
Permanent position	255	150	100	195	130	65	700	340	365
Temporary position	70	45	30	55	25	30	170	85	85
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	25	10	30	20	10	65	25	40
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	15	15	25	10	20	100	60	45
Self-employed¹⁹²	40	25	15	60	20	35	160	95	60
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	370	220	150	310	170	140	1,040	520	515
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	10	0	10	10	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	360	220	140	305	170	135	1,030	515	510
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	60	20	40	230	70	160
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	40	10	15	15	0	120	115	10
3 Health occupations	40	15	30	15	0	10	105	25	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	20	45	20	20	195	80	115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	10	20	10	10	65	35	30
6 Sales and service occupations	115	80	25	110	65	40	200	100	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	40	0	45	45	0	80	75	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	0	20	0	0	0	20	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	370	220	150	310	170	140	1,040	520	515
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	10	0	10	10	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	360	220	140	305	170	135	1,030	515	510
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
23 Construction	20	20	0	10	10	0	45	30	10
31-33 Manufacturing	30	10	20	0	0	0	40	25	15
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	15	15	0	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	50	50	0	15	15	0	85	45	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	0	25	20	0	35	20	15
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	10	0	10	55	30	20
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	0	35	15	20	50	25	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	35	20	30	15	15	185	115	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	25	25	0	30	0	25
61 Educational services	25	10	10	35	0	25	115	55	60
62 Health care and social assistance	55	15	40	20	10	15	155	50	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	15	10	0	30	15	15
72 Accommodation and food services	30	25	0	30	15	0	45	30	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	15	0	15	50	15	40
91 Public administration	0	0	0	10	10	0	50	35	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	385	235	155	335	190	145	1,145	575	575
English	95	65	30	10	10	0	85	40	40
French	110	50	55	220	130	90	585	285	305
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	165	105	60	75	45	30	465	230	230
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	15	15	15	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	385	235	155	335	190	145	1,145	575	575
Single responses	355	205	150	310	180	130	1,095	550	540
Official languages	340	195	145	310	180	130	1,095	550	540
English	155	90	65	35	25	10	160	80	75
French	185	105	80	270	155	115	930	465	465
Non-official languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	30	0	25	10	15	55	20	30
English and French	35	30	0	10	10	0	50	20	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	385	235	155	335	190	145	1,145	575	575
None	240	145	95	250	150	105	725	355	375
English	75	55	20	50	25	20	340	175	165
French	55	20	35	25	15	15	75	40	35
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	325	195	130	290	160	130	975	485	490
Worked at home	85	55	35	105	50	50	330	160	165
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	45	30	10	30	25	0	90	65	20
Usual place of work	195	110	90	160	85	75	565	260	300
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	195	110	85	160	85	75	565	260	300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	170	90	80	140	70	70	465	210	255
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	20	10	0	75	35	35
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	240	145	95	185	110	80	650	325	325
Car, truck or van	125	85	45	95	55	40	340	190	150
Car, truck or van - as a driver	115	80	35	95	55	40	330	185	145
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Public transit	85	45	40	55	25	20	175	70	100
Walked	20	10	10	30	15	15	60	15	45
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	20
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	240	145	95	185	110	80	650	325	325
Less than 15 minutes	35	15	15	60	30	25	80	20	55
15 to 29 minutes	120	80	40	50	25	20	265	135	130
30 to 44 minutes	65	40	25	55	45	0	200	110	90
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	20	0	20	60	30	25
60 minutes and over	10	0	10	10	0	10	50	25	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	240	145	95	185	110	80	650	325	325
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15	10	0	30	25	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	50	25	25	35	30	0	45	20	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	80	55	15	45	25	25	215	95	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	15	35	20	10	175	90	85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	20	25	35	15	25	100	50	55
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	25	10	25	20	10	80	50	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	90	40	45	145	65	80	180	100	80
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	15	10	5	5	15	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35	135	60	80	160	85	70
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	35	30	100	40	60	100	55	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	5	5	5	15	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	10	5	5	0	5	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	25	95	40	55	85	50	35

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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