Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660645More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663486More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	862	...	...	2,281	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	384	...	...	1,755	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	345	...	...	1,492	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,037.1	...	...	14,436.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	860	375	485	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 14 years	80	45	40	135	70	65
0 to 4 years	20	10	5	85	45	40
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	40	15	20
10 to 14 years	40	20	20	15	5	5
15 to 64 years	490	230	255	2,050	1,095	955
15 to 19 years	45	20	25	35	20	20
20 to 24 years	45	20	30	235	110	120
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	515	260	255
30 to 34 years	50	30	20	420	220	200
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	290	175	120
40 to 44 years	60	20	35	165	90	75
45 to 49 years	55	20	35	120	70	55
50 to 54 years	45	25	20	110	70	40
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	100	60	40
60 to 64 years	45	25	20	60	30	30
65 years and over	295	100	195	100	50	45
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	45	20	25
70 to 74 years	50	25	25	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	35	15	25	20	15	5
80 to 84 years	35	10	25	5	0	0
85 years and over	135	35	100	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	55	10	45	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	50	15	30	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.3	12.0	8.2	5.9	5.8	6.1
15 to 64 years	57.0	61.3	52.6	89.9	90.5	89.3
65 years and over	34.3	26.7	40.2	4.4	4.1	4.2
85 years and over	15.7	9.3	20.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	51.3	46.7	54.8	35.1	35.7	34.5
Median age of the population	49.6	45.6	53.2	32.4	33.2	31.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	345	...	...	1,490	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	115	...	...	1,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	345	...	...	1,495	...	...
1 person	145	...	...	880	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	500	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	670	315	350	2,280	1,210	1,070
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	780	330	450	2,145	1,145	1,000
Married or living common-law	315	170	145	990	525	465
Married	235	125	105	500	260	240
Living common-law	80	40	40	490	265	230
Living common law - Never married	70	35	40	440	240	205
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	45	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	465	165	300	1,155	625	535
Not married and not living common law - Never married	360	125	230	1,000	550	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	0	10	35	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	55	15	40	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	130	...	...	480	...	...
Married couples	90	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	240	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	225	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	670	315	355	2,280	1,210	1,065
Total - Persons in census families	445	215	235	1,185	615	575
Married spouses or common-law partners	260	130	130	955	500	450
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	40	20	25
Children⁶	150	80	75	195	95	100
In a two-parent family	95	55	45	140	65	75
In a one-parent family	50	20	30	50	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	225	105	120	1,090	600	495
Living alone	140	65	75	880	475	410
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	10	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	60	30	30	165	105	60
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	345	...	...	1,495	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	165	...	...	505	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	465	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	375	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	145	...	...	880	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	590	275	315	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	565	265	300	2,055	1,100	960
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	46,800	45,600	58,400	65,000	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	565	265	300	2,055	1,100	960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	39,600	39,200	48,400	53,200	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	250	280	1,975	1,065	910
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	44,400	42,000	57,200	64,500	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	215	230	1,825	1,000	825
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,400	42,400	58,000	64,500	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450	205	245	1,380	680	700
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,650	8,500	3,920	4,000	2,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	20	25	190	95	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,040	5,280	5,600	5,480	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	95	75	625	335	290
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	5,480	7,750	10,000	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	545	250	295	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	245	270	1,955	1,030	930
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	66,500	64,500	82,300	104,200	58,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	245	270	1,955	1,030	930
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	52,000	48,800	58,900	70,600	45,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465	225	235	1,885	990	895
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,200	65,500	65,000	80,600	103,600	55,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	205	205	1,735	940	790
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,600	59,200	60,400	80,100	99,600	56,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	190	220	1,270	600	670
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,080	8,800	9,300	7,100	7,680	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30	0	20	130	55	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	...	6,000	5,000	4,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	95	55	580	305	275
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	7,200	7,000	9,240	9,600	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	545	250	295	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	105	105	1,005	570	435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	76,500	73,000	80,000	88,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,000	86,000	88,000	108,600	129,000	81,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	75	80	625	320	305
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	14,600	19,600	23,200	32,800	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	34,000	23,200	43,400	56,600	29,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	90.0	88.0	94.4	95.6	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.5	75.0	72.0	86.4	88.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.1	10.4	11.8	5.6	4.3	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	4.6	2.7	3.5	2.9	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	4.2	2.2	3.3	2.7	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	590	275	315	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without total income	25	10	10	85	45	45
With total income	565	265	300	2,055	1,100	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	20	25	175	70	100
$10,000 to $19,999	55	25	35	145	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	35	210	100	110
$30,000 to $39,999	65	25	35	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	30	165	85	80
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	30	180	85	95
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	160	85	75
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	20	155	85	70
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	15	135	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	10	95	45	50
$100,000 and over	85	45	40	455	310	140
$100,000 to $149,999	55	35	25	250	155	95
$150,000 and over	25	15	15	200	155	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	590	275	315	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without after-tax income	25	10	10	85	45	45
With after-tax income	565	265	300	2,060	1,100	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	25	30	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	35	160	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	85	35	45	260	120	140
$30,000 to $39,999	90	40	50	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	60	20	40	255	140	115
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	30	255	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	35	20	20	190	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	20	150	75	75
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	15	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	40	20	15	240	180	65
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	95	65	30
$125,000 and over	20	10	5	145	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	590	275	315	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without employment income	145	60	85	320	140	175
With employment income	445	215	225	1,825	1,000	825
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	45	35	185	90	100
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	105	60	50
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	20	155	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	25	20	10	125	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	120	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	25	150	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	135	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	125	70	60
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	15	125	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	10	90	45	40
$100,000 and over	60	35	30	395	280	120
$100,000 to $124,999	30	15	10	140	90	55
$125,000 and over	30	20	10	255	185	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	590	275	315	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	555	260	295	1,995	1,055	940
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	45,600	42,000	48,400	55,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	555	260	295	1,990	1,055	940
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	38,800	36,800	41,600	45,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	520	240	275	1,895	1,015	880
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	42,800	38,400	49,200	57,600	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	210	220	1,715	935	780
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	41,200	42,400	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	175	220	1,205	605	605
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,240	2,220	3,760	1,300	1,240	1,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	30	15	75	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,120	x	9,400	7,250	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	545	250	295	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	235	265	1,885	980	905
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,000	68,000	56,800	77,100	99,200	53,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	235	265	1,885	980	905
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	47,200	44,000	52,700	62,900	41,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	205	235	1,790	940	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	71,500	58,800	79,200	102,000	54,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	190	200	1,635	880	755
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,200	62,000	60,400	80,100	100,200	56,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	155	195	1,100	495	605
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	7,100	6,850	2,925	2,900	2,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	30	0	40	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,600	...	9,600	8,000	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	545	250	295	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	100	105	985	545	435
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	63,200	66,000	70,500	73,500	61,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,000	82,000	79,000	102,800	126,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	145	70	75	520	270	245
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	22,200	16,200	29,600	37,600	26,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,500	42,000	24,000	52,400	65,500	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	94.0	92.0	97.8	98.4	96.4
Employment income (%)	76.5	73.0	80.0	90.2	90.8	88.8
Government transfers (%)	7.8	6.8	8.8	2.2	1.5	3.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	1.0	x	0.3	0.2	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	345	...	...	1,495	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	140	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	205	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	320	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	115,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	82,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	58,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	345	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	345	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	175	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	205	95	110	1,045	575	465
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	37,200	44,400	56,400	57,600	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	31,600	37,600	46,800	47,600	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	180	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	244,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	150	65	85	940	485	455
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,000	52,000	68,000	75,400	88,000	61,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	44,000	48,000	55,900	62,800	48,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	670	320	350	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	145	80	70
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	455	220	235	2,035	1,085	950
65 years and over	105	45	60	95	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	85	40	40	355	180	180
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	55	25	20	315	160	150
65 years and over	20	10	15	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	13.2	11.2	15.7	14.9	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	x	20.0	18.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	12.0	10.0	15.4	14.8	16.0
65 years and over (%)	19.0	20.0	18.0	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	670	315	355	2,280	1,215	1,065
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	145	75	65
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	455	220	235	2,040	1,090	950
65 years and over	110	45	60	95	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	40	35	315	160	150
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	280	150	135
65 years and over	15	10	5	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.2	12.0	10.0	13.9	13.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	x	19.0	18.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	13.0	10.0	13.8	13.6	14.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	10.0	8.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	670	320	350	2,280	1,210	1,070
In bottom half of the distribution	340	155	185	1,035	535	500
In bottom decile	90	45	40	375	190	180
In second decile	50	20	30	170	90	80
In third decile	65	35	35	135	65	75
In fourth decile	50	25	25	185	100	85
In fifth decile	85	30	55	170	90	80
In top half of the distribution	330	160	165	1,250	675	575
In sixth decile	55	25	25	170	90	85
In seventh decile	70	35	40	215	115	95
In eighth decile	65	35	30	200	100	95
In ninth decile	70	35	35	275	145	125
In top decile	70	30	40	390	220	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	670	...	...	2,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.335	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.410	...	...	0.481	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.291	...	...	0.373	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.5	...	...	7.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	320	355	2,285	1,215	1,070
English only	100	45	60	385	210	180
French only	70	25	40	130	65	60
English and French	495	250	245	1,750	930	820
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	320	355	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	285	140	145	890	460	430
French	330	150	175	1,175	655	525
English and French	45	25	20	205	95	110
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	20	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	320	355	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	625	295	330	2,120	1,140	980
Official languages	445	210	235	1,445	825	620
English	175	85	90	450	250	200
French	265	120	145	995	570	425
Non-official languages	180	85	95	680	320	360
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	85	95	680	320	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	105	55	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	105	55	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	45	60	390	185	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	40	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	80	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	65	20	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	55	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	45	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	35	195	95	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	40	20	20
Portuguese	5	0	5	30	20	15
Romanian	20	5	10	30	15	15
Spanish	25	10	15	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	0	5	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	120	50	70
Chinese languages	20	10	10	115	50	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	90	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	160	75	85
English and French	20	5	10	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	35	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	320	355	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	210	100	110	475	260	215
French	225	100	125	750	415	340
Non-official language	30	15	20	160	75	85
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	160	75	85
English and French	75	35	40	370	215	160
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	235	105	130
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	245	120	120
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	320	355	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	615	290	330	2,085	1,110	975
Official languages	555	255	295	1,770	965	805
English	270	135	140	790	430	365
French	285	125	155	980	540	440
Non-official languages	65	30	35	320	145	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	30	35	320	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	20	170	80	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	55	25	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	50	15	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	45	15	30
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	30	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	85	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	60	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	70	30	45
Chinese languages	15	10	5	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	5	60	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	20	195	100	95
English and French	30	10	15	115	60	55
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	315	355	2,285	1,215	1,065
None	505	240	270	1,525	825	705
English	50	15	30	255	140	115
French	30	15	15	135	75	60
Non-official language	40	25	20	165	80	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	25	20	165	80	90
English and French	5	5	5	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	50	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	80	45	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	640	310	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Official languages	625	305	320	2,135	1,120	1,015
English	600	290	305	2,005	1,065	945
French	525	260	260	1,750	920	830
Non-official languages	310	165	145	1,185	595	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	165	145	1,185	595	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	200	120	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	200	120	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	25	180	110	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	0	10	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	100	95	750	370	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	40	30	10	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	30	10	60	30	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	15	50	20	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	30	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	15	0	30	15	20
German	15	10	0	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	145	90	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	25	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	85	40	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	25	10	15	55	30	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	55	530	250	275
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	20	0	105	45	60
Portuguese	10	0	10	60	35	30
Romanian	20	15	10	50	10	45
Spanish	75	35	40	395	195	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	155	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	85	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	905	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	265	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	185	...	...	1,280	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	315	...	...	1,365	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
Suitable	310	...	...	1,300	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	190	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	275	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	300	...	...	1,375	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
One-maintainer household	190	...	...	920	...	...
Two-maintainer household	125	...	...	465	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	310	...	...	1,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	85	...	...	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	320	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	515	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	70	...	...	405	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	215	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	295	...	...	1,260	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	270	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.3	...	...	78.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	1,790	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	680,000	...	...	546,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...	38.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.0	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,270	...	...	1,616	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	640	315	330	2,150	1,125	1,020
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	25	20	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	20	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	640	310	330	2,130	1,110	1,015
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	640	315	330	2,150	1,125	1,025
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	495	235	255	1,570	835	740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	50	45	100	65	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	395	190	210	1,470	770	705
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	75	70	580	295	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	640	315	330	2,150	1,125	1,025
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	330	165	160	1,070	555	520
Immigrants⁸¹	255	115	140	685	375	310
Before 1980	30	10	20	20	20	0
1980 to 1990	15	0	0	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	155	85	70
2001 to 2010	60	25	35	205	110	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	95	45	50	265	145	125
2011 to 2015	15	0	10	120	60	60
2016 to 2021	75	45	35	145	90	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	30	30	395	195	200
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	255	115	135	685	375	305
Under 5 years	30	20	10	50	25	25
5 to 14 years	20	15	10	145	60	85
15 to 24 years	40	25	15	115	60	50
25 to 44 years	120	40	80	340	215	125
45 years and over	40	10	25	35	20	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	255	115	135	685	375	305
Americas	35	10	30	95	60	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	15	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	25	20
Europe	85	35	45	235	130	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	0	15	95	70	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	50	10	35
Russian Federation	10	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	40	25	10
Africa	45	30	15	60	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	15	0
Asia	80	40	45	290	145	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	50	25	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	95	35	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	35	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	45	35	145	85	60
Americas	10	0	10	30	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	40	25	15
France	15	0	10	35	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	75	45	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
First generation¹⁰⁰	335	150	190	1,115	595	520
Second generation¹⁰¹	130	85	45	405	205	200
Third generation or more¹⁰²	170	85	90	635	330	305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	220	100	120	665	360	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	70	70	490	270	220
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	30	25	230	150	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	45	40	265	125	140
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	15	30	100	45	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	20	65	40	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	220	100	120	665	360	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	30	25	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	15	20	95	70	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	25	25	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	10	60	35	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	60	70	445	205	240
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	110	115	860	470	390
South Asian	15	10	10	115	80	35
Chinese	30	15	20	175	80	95
Black	70	35	35	85	50	40
Filipino	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab	35	20	10	130	85	50
Latin American	25	0	15	120	60	65
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	45	25	15
West Asian	20	10	10	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	40	25	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	410	205	210	1,295	660	635
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	640	310	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Canadian	50	30	20	245	130	115
English	25	10	15	95	40	55
Irish	55	10	35	100	50	55
Scottish	35	15	20	80	35	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	140	65	75	450	250	200
German	0	0	0	70	10	55
Chinese	25	10	15	185	95	90
Italian	15	10	10	125	55	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	50	35	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dutch	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	15	10	10
Québécois	45	25	15	105	40	65
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	20	0	20
Filipino	0	0	0	25	10	10
French Canadian	15	0	10	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	0	15	20	10	15
Russian	25	15	10	35	10	25
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	10
American	15	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	10	20	20	0
Jewish	60	45	15	50	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	0	45	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	30	20	10	50	10	40
Lebanese	10	0	10	25	10	15
Iranian	10	0	10	30	15	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	25	15	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moroccan	25	0	15	45	30	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	10	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	15	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	640	315	325	2,155	1,130	1,025
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	10	10
Christian	270	115	150	850	400	450
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	20	10	0	130	60	65
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	170	65	100	575	280	300
Christian Orthodox	30	15	15	100	30	70
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	15	15	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	40	25	20
Jewish	65	35	30	55	25	25
Muslim	45	25	20	185	120	65
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	240	125	115	1,005	550	455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	640	315	330	2,110	1,100	1,010
Non-movers	510	245	260	1,290	675	615
Movers	135	70	65	820	430	390
Non-migrants	110	55	50	550	275	275
Migrants	25	15	15	270	150	110
Internal migrants	0	0	0	190	110	75
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	45	40
External migrants	15	0	10	80	45	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	610	295	320	2,065	1,075	990
Non-movers	260	120	145	340	190	155
Movers	345	170	175	1,730	890	835
Non-migrants	135	60	70	680	345	335
Migrants	215	110	105	1,045	545	505
Internal migrants	95	50	50	625	325	290
Intraprovincial migrants	75	35	45	450	240	210
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	170	85	85
External migrants	115	60	55	425	210	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	250	295	2,050	1,065	990
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	15	20	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	515	235	280	2,015	1,045	970
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	160	205	1,665	885	785
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	160	205	1,660	875	775
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	250	295	2,055	1,065	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	15	35	15	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	40	35	180	115	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	435	195	240	1,835	935	900
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	60	60	405	220	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	10	25	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	45	40	290	150	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	10	80	50	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	315	135	180	1,430	715	720
Bachelor's degree	150	60	90	790	390	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	20	120	40	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Master's degree	110	50	55	435	255	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20	65	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	165	205	1,670	880	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	15	15	135	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	145	190	1,530	795	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	35	35	305	165	140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	30	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	25	20	210	100	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	0	70	50	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	265	110	155	1,220	630	595
Bachelor's degree	135	50	80	650	325	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	100	35	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	0	25
Master's degree	85	40	45	405	240	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	50	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	545	250	295	2,055	1,060	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	55	55	215	125	85
Education	30	0	20	30	0	25
13. Education	30	0	20	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	25	180	85	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	45	25	25	130	55	70
Humanities	45	20	20	95	25	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	50	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	25	65	280	100	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	35	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	35	10	25	105	50	60
Business, management and public administration	105	40	65	620	345	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	40	65	605	335	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	70	20	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	35	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	0	110	75	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	90	65	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	45	20	265	195	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	60	40	15	195	145	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	135	40	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	115	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	40	30	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	365	165	205	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	15	15	135	85	50
Education	20	0	15	20	0	20
13. Education	20	0	15	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	170	80	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15	115	55	60
Humanities	25	10	15	80	20	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	45	210	80	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	55	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	85	30	60	530	295	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	30	55	520	285	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	100	65	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	85	65	20
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	45	20	240	185	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	15
14. Engineering	60	40	20	185	135	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	0	0	0	105	30	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	85	25	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	30	25	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	365	165	205	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	135	85	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	330	145	190	1,530	795	730
Location of study inside Canada	240	100	145	1,000	525	475
Same as province or territory of residence	215	80	130	875	465	410
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	125	60	65
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	95	50	45	525	270	255
Americas	30	10	20	140	75	70
United States of America	20	10	20	70	35	35
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	20	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	275	145	130
Belgium	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	185	95	90
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	85	40	45
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	545	250	295	2,055	1,065	990
In the labour force	385	175	210	1,710	945	765
Employed	365	175	195	1,605	875	730
Unemployed	25	0	20	105	70	30
Not in the labour force	160	75	85	340	120	225
Participation rate	70.6	70.0	71.2	83.2	88.7	77.3
Employment rate	67.0	70.0	66.1	78.1	82.2	73.7
Unemployment rate	6.5	0.0	9.5	6.1	7.4	3.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	545	250	295	2,055	1,060	990
Did not work¹⁸⁶	160	60	100	320	130	190
Worked	390	190	200	1,730	930	800
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	210	105	100	1,060	600	465
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	175	85	90	670	335	335
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	43.6	39.6	42.9	43.6	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	385	175	210	1,710	945	765
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	25	20	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	375	175	200	1,680	925	760
Employee	325	150	170	1,440	785	655
Permanent position	250	130	125	1,230	705	520
Temporary position	70	25	50	215	80	135
Fixed term (1 year or more)	35	10	30	115	65	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	20	20	95	15	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	20	30	235	140	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	385	175	210	1,710	945	765
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	25	20	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	375	175	200	1,680	925	760
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	45	25	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	30	70	470	260	210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	65	55	15	300	240	65
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	15	65	150	45	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	15	10	200	120	80
6 Sales and service occupations	60	40	20	330	175	155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	55	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	45	20	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	385	175	210	1,710	945	765
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	25	20	10
All industries¹⁹¹	375	175	200	1,680	925	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	10	0	0	50	30	20
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	80	35	45
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	15	30	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	10	60	45	20
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	190	130	60
52 Finance and insurance	30	15	20	250	155	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	45	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	25	30	425	255	175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	0	60	35	20
61 Educational services	65	30	35	120	55	65
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	105	10	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	10	45	35	15
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	45	30	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	10	15	0	15
91 Public administration	10	10	0	45	20	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	405	195	210	1,810	980	830
English	100	60	35	485	275	210
French	65	30	40	370	175	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	210	85	125	885	500	390
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	30	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	405	195	210	1,810	980	830
Single responses	350	165	190	1,555	860	700
Official languages	350	165	190	1,540	860	685
English	195	105	90	780	440	340
French	160	60	100	765	415	340
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	35	25	255	125	135
English and French	45	25	25	235	105	130
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	405	195	210	1,810	980	830
None	225	125	100	1,110	575	540
English	85	25	55	380	235	145
French	80	35	45	275	150	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	365	175	190	1,605	875	730
Worked at home	200	90	105	915	515	390
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	0	0	80	55	30
Usual place of work	155	80	75	610	305	310
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	160	80	75	610	305	310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	125	60	65	500	240	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	40	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	70	35	40
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	170	85	85	695	355	335
Car, truck or van	50	30	20	240	120	115
Car, truck or van - as a driver	50	30	20	225	120	105
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Public transit	60	35	25	145	60	85
Walked	45	15	35	300	165	135
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	170	85	85	695	355	335
Less than 15 minutes	25	10	20	160	75	85
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	30	305	160	150
30 to 44 minutes	50	30	25	155	80	75
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	0	55	30	25
60 minutes and over	20	15	10	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	170	85	85	695	355	335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	0	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	15	30	170	90	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	25	30	270	135	135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	0	160	65	95
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	20	15	40	35	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	55	55	155	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	20	55	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	35	100	50	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	90	45	45	60	35	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	15	20	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	30	20	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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