Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660645More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662341More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24662127More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	862	...	...	782	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	684	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	384	...	...	235	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	406	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	345	...	...	232	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	372	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,037.1	...	...	3,995.9	...	...	6.5	...	...	7,022.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	0.20	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	860	375	485	785	395	395	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	685	345	340
0 to 14 years	80	45	40	125	65	60	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	75	25	45
0 to 4 years	20	10	5	35	15	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	25	5	20
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	50	25	20	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	15	15
10 to 14 years	40	20	20	50	25	25	489,425	250,855	238,570	25	10	15
15 to 64 years	490	230	255	550	275	275	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	475	255	225
15 to 19 years	45	20	25	75	45	35	429,400	219,400	209,995	10	5	5
20 to 24 years	45	20	30	65	35	35	460,660	235,250	225,405	35	25	10
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	45	25	25	527,150	266,455	260,700	80	50	30
30 to 34 years	50	30	20	25	10	15	536,040	267,770	268,270	80	40	45
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	30	15	15	550,425	274,350	276,075	60	30	35
40 to 44 years	60	20	35	55	25	25	572,565	286,405	286,160	40	20	15
45 to 49 years	55	20	35	65	30	30	516,465	259,565	256,905	25	15	15
50 to 54 years	45	25	20	65	30	35	522,935	262,610	260,325	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	75	35	40	615,690	307,230	308,465	45	25	20
60 to 64 years	45	25	20	45	25	20	625,610	307,710	317,900	65	30	35
65 years and over	295	100	195	110	50	55	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	135	65	70
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	40	15	25	541,970	264,020	277,950	45	25	20
70 to 74 years	50	25	25	25	10	15	455,900	217,985	237,910	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	35	15	25	15	10	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	25	10	15
80 to 84 years	35	10	25	15	5	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	20	5	15
85 years and over	135	35	100	10	5	10	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	55	10	45	10	5	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	50	15	30	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.3	12.0	8.2	15.9	16.5	15.2	16.4	17.0	15.8	10.9	7.2	13.2
15 to 64 years	57.0	61.3	52.6	70.1	69.6	69.6	63.0	63.9	62.1	69.3	73.9	66.2
65 years and over	34.3	26.7	40.2	14.0	12.7	13.9	20.6	19.1	22.1	19.7	18.8	20.6
85 years and over	15.7	9.3	20.6	1.3	1.3	2.5	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.5	1.4	2.9
Average age of the population	51.3	46.7	54.8	39.7	38.3	41.0	42.8	41.8	43.7	43.7	43.6	43.8
Median age of the population	49.6	45.6	53.2	42.0	40.0	44.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	39.6	39.6	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	345	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	195	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	10	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...	98,625	...	...	115	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	10	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	115	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	65	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	345	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	375	...	...
1 person	145	...	...	20	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	60	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	45	...	...	480,135	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	60	...	...	427,605	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	45	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	670	315	350	785	390	395	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	650	325	330
Average household size	1.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	780	330	450	655	325	330	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	610	315	295
Married or living common-law	315	170	145	380	190	190	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	205	110	100
Married	235	125	105	350	170	175	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	125	65	60
Living common-law	80	40	40	35	20	20	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	85	45	40
Living common law - Never married	70	35	40	25	15	15	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	70	35	35
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	5	0	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	10	5	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	5	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	465	165	300	275	140	140	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	400	210	190
Not married and not living common law - Never married	360	125	230	220	120	100	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	275	165	105
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	0	10	10	0	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	25	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	55	15	40	20	5	10	494,210	197,455	296,755	65	25	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	30	5	20	380,100	89,515	290,580	30	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	225	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	75	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	55	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	65	...	...	412,850	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	35	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	225	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	130	...	...	190	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	100	...	...
Married couples	90	...	...	170	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	120	...	...	502,020	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	50	...	...	609,605	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	15	...	...	828,005	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	0	...	...	426,120	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	40	...	...	383,775	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	30	...	...	284,025	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	670	315	355	780	390	395	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	655	325	330
Total - Persons in census families	445	215	235	735	370	360	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	375	170	200
Married spouses or common-law partners	260	130	130	370	185	185	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	205	105	100
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	40	5	30	383,780	99,755	284,020	40	10	30
Children⁶	150	80	75	325	175	145	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	130	60	75
In a two-parent family	95	55	45	265	145	120	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	75	30	45
In a one-parent family	50	20	30	55	35	25	585,820	317,400	268,415	55	35	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	225	105	120	50	20	30	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	275	155	125
Living alone	140	65	75	20	5	10	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	210	100	105
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	10	20	5	15	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	0
Living with non-relatives only	60	30	30	10	10	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	60	45	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	345	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	165	...	...	180	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	135	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	155	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	115	...	...	851,835	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	35	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	25	...	...	331,395	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	20	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	5	...	...	139,280	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	145	...	...	20	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	210	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	590	275	315	655	325	330	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	575	300	285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	565	265	300	620	310	310	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	565	290	275
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	46,800	45,600	35,600	36,400	35,200	40,800	44,800	37,200	30,400	29,600	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	565	265	300	620	310	310	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	565	290	275
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	39,600	39,200	32,800	33,600	32,800	36,400	39,200	33,600	27,800	27,600	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	250	280	545	265	280	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	420	230	195
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	44,400	42,000	28,400	33,600	25,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	32,000	28,400	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	215	230	475	235	235	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	365	195	170
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,400	42,400	31,200	37,600	28,400	36,000	40,400	31,600	36,400	33,600	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450	205	245	510	240	265	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	495	250	245
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,650	8,500	10,900	9,900	11,800	11,500	10,200	12,300	11,500	10,300	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	20	25	65	30	35	837,635	441,080	396,550	60	35	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,040	5,280	5,560	5,480	6,000	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,480	5,480	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	95	75	250	135	115	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	145	80	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	5,480	7,750	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	545	250	295	665	335	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	610	315	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	245	270	630	315	315	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	600	305	285
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	66,500	64,500	53,600	58,800	48,000	51,160	57,550	44,960	44,200	48,000	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	245	270	630	315	315	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	600	305	285
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	52,000	48,800	42,800	45,600	40,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	36,800	38,400	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465	225	235	545	280	270	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	460	260	200
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,200	65,500	65,000	49,800	56,800	42,400	45,480	52,900	38,000	42,400	46,800	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	205	205	465	245	220	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	410	240	170
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,600	59,200	60,400	52,000	57,600	46,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	43,200	46,400	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	190	220	490	235	255	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	520	260	260
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,080	8,800	9,300	13,250	12,300	14,100	12,410	11,500	13,220	13,400	10,800	16,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30	0	20	50	25	30	837,180	441,665	395,515	95	55	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	...	6,000	7,600	6,000	8,500	7,040	6,380	7,780	4,700	4,600	4,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	95	55	240	120	120	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	180	110	75
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	7,200	7,000	10,300	10,000	10,600	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,400	8,200	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	615	315	300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	105	105	225	140	90	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	190	95	90
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	76,500	73,000	74,500	58,400	75,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	57,200	60,400	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,000	86,000	88,000	85,000	86,000	82,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	68,500	76,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	75	80	215	95	120	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	160	105	50
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	14,600	19,600	11,600	10,700	12,100	18,600	21,400	16,600	14,600	18,200	12,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	34,000	23,200	22,600	22,000	23,200	28,160	32,120	24,360	28,000	32,500	19,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	90.0	88.0	81.0	84.0	76.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	73.5	82.0	64.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.5	75.0	72.0	72.0	76.0	67.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	67.5	75.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.1	10.4	11.8	19.4	15.4	24.4	20.1	15.8	25.6	26.4	18.8	36.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	0.6	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.7	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	4.6	2.7	7.9	6.7	9.4	5.4	4.8	6.1	6.9	6.8	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	4.2	2.2	7.2	6.2	8.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	5.8	6.0	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	590	275	315	655	325	330	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	580	295	280
Without total income	25	10	10	35	15	20	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	10	5
With total income	565	265	300	625	310	310	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	565	290	275
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	20	25	60	35	25	462,400	204,245	258,155	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	55	25	35	95	50	50	809,375	334,315	475,065	95	60	40
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	35	110	50	60	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	140	70	70
$30,000 to $39,999	65	25	35	80	35	45	896,520	414,070	482,445	70	35	30
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	30	60	25	35	849,005	411,680	437,325	50	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	30	50	30	25	687,020	345,720	341,305	50	15	35
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	30	15	15	503,110	271,695	231,415	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	20	30	10	20	367,455	208,475	158,980	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	15	20	15	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	20	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	10	20	10	10	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	85	45	40	65	40	25	556,780	365,700	191,080	35	20	15
$100,000 to $149,999	55	35	25	50	25	20	385,890	245,635	140,260	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	25	15	15	20	15	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	590	275	315	655	325	330	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	580	295	280
Without after-tax income	25	10	10	35	15	20	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	10	5
With after-tax income	565	265	300	625	310	310	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	565	290	275
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	25	30	60	35	30	495,035	214,000	281,030	45	25	20
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	35	105	50	50	853,250	356,480	496,765	100	60	40
$20,000 to $29,999	85	35	45	125	55	70	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	160	80	75
$30,000 to $39,999	90	40	50	90	45	45	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	80	40	40
$40,000 to $49,999	60	20	40	65	35	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	65	25	35
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	30	45	25	25	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	35	20	20	40	25	20	459,665	251,490	208,170	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	20	25	10	15	292,135	160,985	131,150	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	15	20	10	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	10	5	5	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	40	20	15	25	20	10	229,765	156,750	73,020	15	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	20	15	10	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	20	10	5	10	5	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	590	275	315	655	325	330	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	580	295	280
Without employment income	145	60	85	180	85	95	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	210	100	110
With employment income	445	215	225	475	240	235	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	365	195	170
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	45	35	60	30	25	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	65	35	30	401,185	180,585	220,595	45	25	15
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	20	65	25	35	603,350	273,725	329,620	50	30	20
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	50	20	25	495,105	228,670	266,435	20	15	5
$30,000 to $39,999	25	20	10	40	15	20	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	45	20	25	485,845	242,230	243,610	45	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	25	30	15	10	403,980	217,425	186,560	35	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	20	15	10	320,700	184,770	135,935	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	20	10	10	250,635	147,020	103,615	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	15	20	15	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	20	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	10	10	5	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	60	35	30	55	40	20	422,055	285,910	136,145	35	20	15
$100,000 to $124,999	30	15	10	25	15	10	205,085	133,500	71,585	20	5	10
$125,000 and over	30	20	10	35	20	10	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	15	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	590	275	315	655	325	330	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	575	300	285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	555	260	295	595	295	300	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	555	275	275
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	45,600	42,000	33,600	34,800	32,000	38,400	43,200	34,000	27,600	26,600	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	555	260	295	595	295	300	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	555	275	275
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	38,800	36,800	30,800	31,400	30,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	26,000	25,000	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	520	240	275	540	265	275	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	410	225	190
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	42,800	38,400	31,400	34,400	27,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	31,400	29,400	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	210	220	475	240	235	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	355	190	165
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	41,200	42,400	33,200	34,400	30,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	34,400	32,800	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	175	220	435	195	240	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	460	225	230
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,240	2,220	3,760	4,200	2,380	6,400	7,800	5,640	9,100	7,950	4,680	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	30	15	25	15	10	727,165	390,255	336,910	45	25	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,120	x	4,240	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,400	5,280	7,050
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	545	250	295	665	335	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	610	315	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	235	265	595	290	300	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	580	305	280
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,000	68,000	56,800	55,400	63,200	47,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	40,600	43,200	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	235	265	595	290	300	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	580	305	280
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	47,200	44,000	43,400	48,400	38,400	39,600	44,000	35,320	34,200	35,600	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	205	235	530	265	265	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	430	250	180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	71,500	58,800	54,400	63,600	45,200	45,920	53,800	37,920	43,000	44,800	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	190	200	455	235	220	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	390	230	160
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,200	62,000	60,400	57,400	65,000	48,800	46,240	52,450	39,520	44,000	44,800	43,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	155	195	440	200	240	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	490	255	240
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	7,100	6,850	9,240	8,400	9,900	9,450	8,430	10,320	10,560	6,950	14,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	30	0	40	20	20	727,815	390,880	336,935	55	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,600	...	10,400	7,200	14,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	9,200	6,000	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	615	315	300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	100	105	225	130	90	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	180	90	90
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	63,200	66,000	67,500	68,000	58,800	54,800	60,000	49,200	49,600	50,000	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,000	82,000	79,000	85,000	94,000	71,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	57,600	62,000	53,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	145	70	75	195	80	110	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	160	105	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	22,200	16,200	14,100	16,600	14,100	23,600	27,200	21,000	18,000	24,200	17,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,500	42,000	24,000	30,400	30,000	30,400	33,000	37,800	28,360	37,000	39,500	32,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	94.0	92.0	88.0	90.0	84.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	78.0	86.0	67.0
Employment income (%)	76.5	73.0	80.0	79.0	82.0	74.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	73.0	80.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)	7.8	6.8	8.8	12.4	9.2	16.4	14.9	10.8	20.2	22.0	13.6	32.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	1.0	x	1.3	0.9	1.6	1.6	1.3	2.0	2.2	1.2	3.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	345	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	47,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	103,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	41,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	140	...	...	20	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	x	...	...	38,800	...	...	27,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	x	...	...	34,400	...	...	26,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	205	...	...	215	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	143,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	20	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	36,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	220	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	345	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	375	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	82,470	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	218,185	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	172,005	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	166,990	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	310,880	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	280,505	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	255,770	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...	135	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	25	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	307,835	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	30	...	...	239,060	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	345	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	375	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	87,695	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	234,875	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	177,135	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	180,150	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	213,760	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	193,530	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	356,325	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	289,580	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	254,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	120	...	...	892,775	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	50	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	40	...	...	279,105	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	175	...	...	210	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	40	...	...	991,710	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	135	...	...	907,765	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	30	...	...	368,845	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	205	95	110	30	15	15	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	265	150	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	37,200	44,400	40,400	x	x	36,800	39,200	34,800	25,800	26,200	25,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	31,600	37,600	36,000	x	x	33,200	34,800	31,600	24,800	25,000	24,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	180	...	...	215	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	45	...	...	992,110	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	135	...	...	909,160	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	164,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	25	...	...	367,155	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	150	65	85	30	15	0	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	285	150	135
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,000	52,000	68,000	76,000	x	x	45,480	48,000	42,920	34,800	37,000	32,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	44,000	48,000	60,000	x	x	38,040	39,400	36,640	30,800	32,000	29,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	670	320	350	785	395	390	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	650	325	330
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	170	95	80	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	80	35	45
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	45	25	20	515,725	264,785	250,935	35	5	25
18 to 64 years	455	220	235	505	255	255	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	450	235	210
65 years and over	105	45	60	110	50	60	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	125	55	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	85	40	40	40	25	15	992,235	463,295	528,940	180	85	95
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	10	5	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	15	5	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	55	25	20	20	15	5	515,470	256,435	259,035	85	50	35
65 years and over	20	10	15	10	5	5	317,235	124,865	192,370	85	35	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	13.2	11.2	4.8	6.0	3.6	11.9	11.2	12.7	28.0	26.4	29.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	x	5.0	8.0	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	20.0	16.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	16.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	12.0	10.0	4.0	6.0	3.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	18.8	20.0	17.0
65 years and over (%)	19.0	20.0	18.0	8.0	x	10.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	66.0	60.0	70.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	670	315	355	780	390	390	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	655	325	330
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	170	90	80	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	80	30	50
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	40	20	20	511,400	262,535	248,860	30	10	25
18 to 64 years	455	220	235	505	250	250	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	450	235	210
65 years and over	110	45	60	105	50	60	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	125	55	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	40	35	25	15	5	439,850	223,055	216,795	160	85	80
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	5	5	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	5
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	15	10	0	313,970	167,015	146,955	90	50	35
65 years and over	15	10	5	0	0	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	65	30	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.2	12.0	10.0	2.6	4.0	x	5.3	5.4	5.2	24.6	25.2	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	x	3.0	5.0	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	14.0	x	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	13.0	10.0	2.8	4.5	x	6.2	6.6	5.8	19.2	22.0	17.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	10.0	x	x	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	52.0	48.0	52.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	670	320	350	785	395	395	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	650	325	330
In bottom half of the distribution	340	155	185	360	180	180	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	465	240	230
In bottom decile	90	45	40	40	30	10	851,840	407,705	444,140	190	100	95
In second decile	50	20	30	40	25	15	920,490	434,730	485,760	90	40	45
In third decile	65	35	35	65	25	40	969,255	471,650	497,600	85	45	40
In fourth decile	50	25	25	85	35	45	978,345	482,760	495,590	60	25	30
In fifth decile	85	30	55	130	60	65	947,090	473,285	473,810	50	30	20
In top half of the distribution	330	160	165	425	215	210	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	185	85	100
In sixth decile	55	25	25	75	35	35	899,660	454,970	444,690	55	25	30
In seventh decile	70	35	40	90	45	45	837,225	425,400	411,830	40	15	20
In eighth decile	65	35	30	100	45	55	752,410	383,450	368,955	30	15	20
In ninth decile	70	35	35	100	50	50	634,425	325,700	308,730	35	15	15
In top decile	70	30	40	55	35	25	517,725	267,160	250,565	30	15	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	670	...	...	780	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	655	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.335	...	...	0.351	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.384	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.410	...	...	0.471	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.588	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.291	...	...	0.276	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.325	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.5	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	320	355	780	390	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
English only	100	45	60	175	95	80	445,575	228,840	216,735	100	60	40
French only	70	25	40	60	25	35	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	205	90	115
English and French	495	250	245	525	270	260	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	365	190	180
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	25	10	15	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	320	355	780	390	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
English	285	140	145	395	195	200	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	190	105	85
French	330	150	175	205	105	100	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	440	215	220
English and French	45	25	20	160	80	75	329,515	169,050	160,465	50	20	30
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	25	10	15	79,000	33,590	45,410	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	320	355	780	390	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
Single responses	625	295	330	700	350	350	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	610	310	300
Official languages	445	210	235	300	155	145	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	485	240	240
English	175	85	90	180	85	95	639,365	323,170	316,195	90	45	40
French	265	120	145	120	65	55	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	395	200	195
Non-official languages	180	85	95	400	200	205	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	125	65	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	85	95	400	200	205	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	125	65	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	40	15	20	233,220	122,895	110,320	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	40	15	20	204,600	107,735	96,865	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	40	15	20	198,785	104,765	94,020	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	37,425	17,185	20,240	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	10	5	5	28,630	13,180	15,450	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	10	5	10	25,580	10,200	15,375	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	10	5	5	17,710	7,005	10,705	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25	18,350	9,425	8,925	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	50	25	25	14,235	7,030	7,205	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	45	60	225	115	115	595,790	290,670	305,115	60	35	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	30	15	20	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	30	15	20	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	5	0	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,415	4,180	4,235	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	70	35	30	101,450	52,780	48,665	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	15	15	63,025	33,465	29,555	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5	12,140	6,220	5,920	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	35	20	20	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	30	20	15	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	30	15	15	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	35	120	55	60	346,000	167,870	178,130	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	35	20	15	90,940	44,080	46,865	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	25	10	10	41,545	19,890	21,650	0	0	0
Romanian	20	5	10	40	20	15	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	25	10	15	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	33,495	16,630	16,865	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	35	20	15	87,540	40,170	47,375	10	5	5
Chinese languages	20	10	10	35	20	15	87,155	39,990	47,160	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	25	10	10	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	5	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	85	40	40	308,550	155,455	153,095	75	35	35
English and French	20	5	10	15	10	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	35	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	30	15	10	49,485	24,660	24,825	25	20	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	10	28,685	14,700	13,985	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	320	355	780	390	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
English	210	100	110	205	100	105	623,305	313,780	309,520	90	50	45
French	225	100	125	60	30	35	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	345	175	175
Non-official language	30	15	20	160	80	80	366,730	177,410	189,315	35	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	160	80	80	343,650	165,830	177,825	30	15	15
English and French	75	35	40	55	40	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	80	40	40
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	135	65	65	205,755	102,290	103,470	55	30	20
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	40	20	20	375,795	179,585	196,210	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	120	55	65	284,940	141,275	143,665	45	25	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	320	355	780	390	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
Single responses	615	290	330	685	340	345	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	620	315	305
Official languages	555	255	295	420	210	205	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	540	270	270
English	270	135	140	290	145	145	874,185	438,570	435,615	140	75	65
French	285	125	155	125	65	60	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	400	195	205
Non-official languages	65	30	35	270	130	140	662,615	322,860	339,750	85	45	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	30	35	270	130	140	628,365	305,820	322,555	85	45	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	10	5	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	24,500	11,410	13,090	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5	19,595	9,185	10,405	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	13,800	6,935	6,865	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	20	11,215	5,465	5,755	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	20	150	70	75	336,635	164,100	172,535	45	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	15	10	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	20	15	10	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5	4,205	2,085	2,125	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	65	30	30	74,455	38,045	36,410	25	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	46,420	24,225	22,195	25	20	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5	8,760	4,360	4,405	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	40	20	20	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	40	20	20	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	35	15	15	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	55	30	35	182,585	88,060	94,525	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	5	5	30	15	15	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	5	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	30	15	15	67,120	31,725	35,390	10	0	5
Chinese languages	15	10	5	30	15	15	66,880	31,610	35,275	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	5	25	10	10	46,925	22,275	24,650	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	20	100	55	45	357,245	176,070	181,175	60	30	30
English and French	30	10	15	25	15	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	35	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	35	20	15	60,495	29,540	30,950	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	15	10	116,595	56,445	60,150	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	20	5	10	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	315	355	780	390	395	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	685	345	340
None	505	240	270	500	245	255	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	515	250	265
English	50	15	30	95	50	40	353,690	183,470	170,225	60	40	25
French	30	15	15	30	15	20	259,425	127,380	132,040	35	20	15
Non-official language	40	25	20	75	40	30	269,715	129,830	139,890	40	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	25	20	75	40	30	264,405	127,330	137,070	40	20	20
English and French	5	5	5	35	15	20	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	20	10	10	76,755	38,765	37,990	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	15	5	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	15	5	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	640	310	325	780	395	380	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	740	370	370
Official languages	625	305	320	765	395	370	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	735	370	360
English	600	290	305	720	390	335	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	555	295	255
French	525	260	260	645	330	305	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	650	310	335
Non-official languages	310	165	145	580	285	300	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	245	135	105
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	165	145	580	285	300	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	245	135	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	70	35	35	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	25	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	70	35	35	363,875	190,005	173,870	40	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	25	70	35	35	343,675	179,750	163,930	35	25	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	0	10	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	35	45	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	35	40	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	25,390	13,070	12,320	30	25	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10	20,050	9,955	10,100	30	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	100	95	385	195	190	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	135	80	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	30	10	60	30	30	95,385	45,060	50,330	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	30	10	60	30	30	94,580	44,695	49,885	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	15	45	20	25	55,485	26,345	29,135	10	10	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	20	15	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	10	0	0
German	15	10	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	15	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	110	65	50	136,020	71,180	64,840	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	90,745	48,355	42,395	10	10	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	10	10	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	10	10	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	75	40	35	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	25	10	15	75	40	35	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	70	40	35	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	55	200	95	105	684,830	324,095	360,735	85	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	20	20	0	65	20	40	168,040	82,400	85,645	20	10	10
Portuguese	10	0	10	25	10	15	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	10	0
Romanian	20	15	10	65	25	40	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	75	35	40	70	45	25	453,905	210,400	243,505	70	40	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	107,415	49,840	57,575	25	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	106,915	49,630	57,285	25	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	10	80,520	37,100	43,420	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	10	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	640	315	325	780	395	380	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	745	370	370
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	25	15	10	205,010	101,150	103,865	15	0	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10	193,365	95,320	98,045	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	640	315	325	755	385	375	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	730	365	355
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	640	315	325	780	395	380	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	745	370	370
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	25	15	10	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	640	315	325	755	385	375	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	745	370	370
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Owner	85	...	...	215	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	20	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	340	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	10	...	...	515,590	...	...	60	...	...
Not condominium	265	...	...	230	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...	0	...	...	623,295	...	...	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	15	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	135	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	125	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	90	...	...	730,330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	185	...	...	15	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	280	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	40	...	...	645,635	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	10	...	...	435,225	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	55	...	...	403,225	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	110	...	...	886,180	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	7.4	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
One person or fewer per room	315	...	...	225	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	400	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	10	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Suitable	310	...	...	220	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	390	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	20	...	...	142,775	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
1960 or before	190	...	...	25	...	...	879,375	...	...	140	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	70	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	115	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	15	...	...	509,120	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	85	...	...	385,315	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	40	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	10	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	300	...	...	235	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	365	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	0	...	...	236,110	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
One-maintainer household	190	...	...	75	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	275	...	...
Two-maintainer household	125	...	...	120	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	110	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	40	...	...	89,875	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	0	...	...	525,540	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	40	...	...	647,165	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	50	...	...	628,630	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	75	...	...	760,395	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	40	...	...	629,965	...	...	80	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	20	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	310	...	...	240	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	405	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	195	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	315	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	85	...	...	45	...	...	595,690	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	45	...	...	542,060	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	320	...	...	235	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	60	...	...	901,440	...	...	120	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	70	...	...	40	...	...	537,090	...	...	65	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	20	...	...	112,775	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	215	...	...	175	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	295	...	...	235	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	395	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	0	...	...	218,275	...	...	40	...	...
Not in core need	270	...	...	230	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...	215	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	60	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	81.3	...	...	60.5	...	...	62.2	...	...	100.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	18.6	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	1,510	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	1,500	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,900	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	680,000	...	...	608,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	520,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	20	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	340	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	44.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	25.2	...	...	20.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.9	...	...	12.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	x	...	...	810	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,270	...	...	800	...	...	886	...	...	756	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	640	315	330	780	400	385	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	745	370	375
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	20	15	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	35	15	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	20	15	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	640	310	330	760	380	375	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	700	350	350
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	640	315	330	780	400	385	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	740	370	375
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	495	235	255	735	370	370	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	655	315	345
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	50	45	160	85	75	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	135	60	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	395	190	210	575	285	290	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	520	255	265
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	75	70	45	25	15	518,265	264,490	253,775	85	55	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	640	315	330	780	400	385	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	740	370	375
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	330	165	160	395	205	190	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	550	265	285
Immigrants⁸¹	255	115	140	380	185	190	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	150	70	80
Before 1980	30	10	20	70	40	30	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	15	0	0	75	35	40	124,610	61,850	62,755	20	10	15
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	65	30	30	190,495	91,635	98,860	40	20	20
2001 to 2010	60	25	35	65	30	35	312,210	150,825	161,390	40	20	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	95	45	50	105	50	50	396,090	192,745	203,340	45	15	30
2011 to 2015	15	0	10	65	35	35	193,345	93,485	99,855	20	0	10
2016 to 2021	75	45	35	35	15	15	202,740	99,260	103,480	25	0	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	30	30	0	0	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	45	35	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	255	115	135	375	185	190	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	70	80
Under 5 years	30	20	10	30	15	15	112,295	56,755	55,540	15	10	10
5 to 14 years	20	15	10	80	40	35	201,385	101,555	99,835	20	10	10
15 to 24 years	40	25	15	50	25	25	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	120	40	80	170	80	85	594,845	292,975	301,875	95	45	50
45 years and over	40	10	25	45	15	35	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	255	115	135	375	185	190	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	70	80
Americas	35	10	30	20	10	10	264,885	121,740	143,145	25	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	15	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10	61,020	28,545	32,480	15	0	10
Europe	85	35	45	135	75	65	309,015	154,110	154,910	45	25	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	25	0	15	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	15	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	30	20	15	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	25	15	15	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	45	30	15	70	35	30	302,010	153,655	148,355	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	20	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	15	0	0
Asia	80	40	45	155	75	85	332,925	158,445	174,475	55	30	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	45	25	20	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	20	25	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	30	10	15	44,455	20,665	23,790	20	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	45	35	35	20	20	202,740	99,265	103,480	25	10	15
Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	15	10	10	67,305	32,185	35,120	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	640	315	325	780	395	380	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	745	370	370
First generation¹⁰⁰	335	150	190	385	190	195	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	200	115	85
Second generation¹⁰¹	130	85	45	215	95	120	883,485	446,000	437,490	110	50	60
Third generation or more¹⁰²	170	85	90	180	110	65	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	435	210	230
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	220	100	120	305	145	160	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	70	80
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	70	70	210	115	95	559,935	290,040	269,895	55	30	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	30	25	95	60	30	267,870	161,125	106,740	30	15	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	45	40	120	55	60	292,070	128,915	163,155	30	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	15	30	55	15	40	272,255	109,735	162,515	45	0	35
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	20	35	15	20	175,740	89,995	85,740	40	30	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	220	100	120	305	145	160	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	70	80
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	25	10	10	89,850	47,360	42,495	30	20	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	15	20	20	15	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	15	10	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	10	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	20	0	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	60	70	265	125	140	756,120	358,700	397,420	80	30	50
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	640	315	325	780	395	380	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	745	370	370
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	110	115	315	160	155	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	175	85	90
South Asian	15	10	10	55	30	30	127,990	67,140	60,850	40	30	10
Chinese	30	15	20	30	10	20	115,240	51,375	63,865	10	0	10
Black	70	35	35	20	10	15	422,405	206,335	216,070	30	10	15
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	35	20	10	50	20	25	280,075	146,990	133,085	15	10	10
Latin American	25	0	15	15	15	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	20	10	15
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	75	35	40	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	20	10	10	65	35	30	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	20	10	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	410	205	210	465	235	225	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	570	285	280
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	640	310	325	780	395	385	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	740	370	370
Canadian	50	30	20	60	30	30	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	205	80	120
English	25	10	15	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	35	15	15
Irish	55	10	35	0	0	0	404,190	193,440	210,745	45	15	30
Scottish	35	15	20	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	50	25	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	140	65	75	30	20	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	170	95	75
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	25	10	15	55	20	30	123,985	55,730	68,255	15	0	10
Italian	15	10	10	100	35	65	316,315	157,600	158,720	40	25	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	15	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10	38,685	18,590	20,095	15	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	45	25	15	10	10	0	931,940	465,630	466,305	80	30	50
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	10	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	10	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	0	10	10	10	10	588,805	290,630	298,180	65	30	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	20	0	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	0	15	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	10	30	15	20	47,195	21,990	25,200	15	0	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	10	20	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	15	0	15	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	15	15	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	20	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	25	15	15
Jewish	60	45	15	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	10	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	40	45	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	20	20	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	20	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	10	60	35	30	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	55	30	25	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	30	20	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	20	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	25	25	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	0	15	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	30	15	10	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	10	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	10	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	45	25	25	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	10	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	640	315	325	780	395	380	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	745	370	370
Buddhist	0	0	0	75	35	40	48,365	21,395	26,980	10	0	0
Christian	270	115	150	430	210	225	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	340	165	175
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	20	10	0	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	35	20	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	170	65	100	190	85	105	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	265	130	140
Christian Orthodox	30	15	15	185	90	90	145,805	70,840	74,965	10	10	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	15	15	10	10	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	15	0	10	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	65	35	30	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	45	25	20	100	50	55	421,710	218,255	203,455	30	10	10
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	240	125	115	160	100	60	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	340	175	170
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	640	315	330	775	400	375	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	735	365	370
Non-movers	510	245	260	755	390	365	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	605	285	320
Movers	135	70	65	25	10	15	945,290	466,750	478,540	130	80	50
Non-migrants	110	55	50	25	10	15	543,670	268,740	274,925	70	45	25
Migrants	25	15	15	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	55	30	25
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	35	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	15	0	10	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	15	10	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	610	295	320	750	390	360	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	715	360	355
Non-movers	260	120	145	565	280	280	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	380	185	195
Movers	345	170	175	185	105	80	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	335	175	160
Non-migrants	135	60	70	85	35	50	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	230	130	105
Migrants	215	110	105	100	65	30	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	105	50	55
Internal migrants	95	50	50	80	50	30	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	55	15	40
Intraprovincial migrants	75	35	45	70	50	20	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	10	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	15	0	15
External migrants	115	60	55	20	15	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	50	30	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	250	295	665	340	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	615	315	295
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	15	20	140	80	65	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	195	85	110
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	515	235	280	525	260	265	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	420	230	190
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	160	205	380	190	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	445	240	205
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	60	30	30	642,800	382,415	260,380	90	40	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	160	205	320	155	165	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	355	205	150
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	610	315	295
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	15	110	65	50	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	190	80	110
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	40	35	110	50	55	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	95	45	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	435	195	240	445	225	215	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	325	195	135
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	60	60	220	110	110	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	125	85	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	35	25	10	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	50	35	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	10	25	20	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	40	25	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	45	40	150	75	80	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	50	30	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	10	30	15	20	252,815	102,150	150,665	25	25	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	315	135	180	225	115	110	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	200	110	95
Bachelor's degree	150	60	90	140	65	75	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	130	75	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	20	10	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	110	50	55	70	40	30	360,795	174,150	186,645	60	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	165	205	375	185	190	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	445	240	205
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	35	20	20	525,155	303,815	221,345	90	30	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	15	15	30	20	15	752,855	388,160	364,700	65	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	145	190	315	150	160	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	285	175	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	35	35	130	65	65	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	115	75	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	20	10	10	836,455	498,385	338,075	35	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	10	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	30	20	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	25	20	85	40	45	838,140	372,455	465,685	55	30	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	0	30	15	15	174,695	72,115	102,580	25	25	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	265	110	155	185	90	90	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	175	95	80
Bachelor's degree	135	50	80	120	60	55	802,755	343,100	459,650	105	65	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	85	40	45	60	30	30	302,065	140,530	161,530	55	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	615	315	295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	55	55	220	115	110	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	285	125	165
Education	30	0	20	35	10	25	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
13. Education	30	0	20	35	10	25	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	25	10	0	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	50	30	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	25	25	10	0	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	45	25	20
Humanities	45	20	20	25	10	15	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	25	65	65	25	40	430,845	142,280	288,570	80	45	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	15	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	15	0	10	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	77,880	29,725	48,160	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	10	10	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	10	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	35	10	25	25	15	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	30	10	15
Business, management and public administration	105	40	65	105	55	45	950,820	357,290	593,535	95	55	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	40	65	100	50	45	894,690	344,770	549,925	90	50	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	50	25	25	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	25	15	15	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	0	55	30	20	177,780	124,955	52,825	20	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	50	30	15	147,845	110,915	36,930	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	45	20	75	70	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	20	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	40	15	40	35	10	181,290	147,120	34,170	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	30	10	15	515,215	101,455	413,760	0	0	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	30	10	15	470,150	78,875	391,275	0	0	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10	0	10	291,295	157,925	133,365	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	365	165	205	380	190	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	440	240	205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	15	15	70	35	35	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	160	65	90
Education	20	0	15	20	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	20	0	15	20	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	10	0	10	129,065	58,170	70,895	50	30	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15	10	0	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	45	25	20
Humanities	25	10	15	15	0	10	144,140	56,410	87,730	20	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	45	35	20	20	334,475	103,635	230,840	65	40	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	30	10	15
Business, management and public administration	85	30	60	85	45	40	741,390	268,705	472,685	80	45	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	30	55	80	45	40	697,775	259,725	438,045	75	40	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	25	10	20	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	25	10	15	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	55	30	20	147,350	104,880	42,465	20	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	50	30	15	126,845	95,720	31,120	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	45	20	45	40	10	665,365	588,950	76,415	20	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	40	20	35	20	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	0	0	0	20	0	15	387,725	74,730	312,995	0	0	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	0	15	352,905	58,735	294,170	0	0	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	365	165	205	380	190	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	440	240	205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	15	70	35	35	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	160	65	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	330	145	190	310	150	155	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	290	175	115
Location of study inside Canada	240	100	145	220	105	115	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	210	125	85
Same as province or territory of residence	215	80	130	220	105	115	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	195	110	85
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	95	50	45	95	50	40	414,490	209,160	205,330	80	50	30
Americas	30	10	20	15	10	10	81,780	40,955	40,820	15	10	10
United States of America	20	10	20	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	25	0	15	138,260	74,045	64,210	30	25	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	20	15	10	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	35	25	15	96,865	43,055	53,805	20	15	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	20	15	10	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	610	315	295
In the labour force	385	175	210	460	250	215	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	360	200	165
Employed	365	175	195	425	225	195	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	315	180	130
Unemployed	25	0	20	35	15	15	335,015	176,245	158,775	50	20	30
Not in the labour force	160	75	85	205	95	115	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	255	120	130
Participation rate	70.6	70.0	71.2	69.2	73.5	66.2	64.1	67.4	60.9	59.0	63.5	55.9
Employment rate	67.0	70.0	66.1	63.9	66.2	60.0	59.3	62.3	56.3	51.6	57.1	44.1
Unemployment rate	6.5	0.0	9.5	7.6	6.0	7.0	7.6	7.7	7.4	13.9	10.0	18.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	545	250	295	665	340	325	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	615	315	295
Did not work¹⁸⁶	160	60	100	210	100	115	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	255	105	150
Worked	390	190	200	450	235	210	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	355	210	140
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	210	105	100	230	135	90	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	195	100	95
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	175	85	90	225	100	125	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	165	110	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	43.6	39.6	38.9	40.6	36.8	41.3	41.7	40.8	40.5	39.2	42.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	385	175	210	460	245	215	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	360	195	160
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	15	10	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	375	175	200	440	235	205	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	345	195	150
Employee	325	150	170	385	200	185	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	295	160	135
Permanent position	250	130	125	340	170	170	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	240	135	100
Temporary position	70	25	50	45	25	10	623,510	296,655	326,850	60	25	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	35	10	30	15	15	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	35	15	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	20	20	25	10	10	405,605	202,450	203,155	20	10	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	20	30	55	35	20	530,720	324,555	206,165	50	40	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	385	175	210	460	245	215	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	360	195	160
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	15	10	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	375	175	200	440	235	205	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	345	195	150
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	30	70	85	25	65	778,905	256,150	522,760	60	20	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	65	55	15	90	70	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	40	40	0
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	20	0	20	359,665	70,075	289,590	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	15	65	45	10	30	558,725	166,020	392,700	55	20	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	15	10	15	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	35	25	15
6 Sales and service occupations	60	40	20	110	70	45	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	100	50	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	0	0	55	40	10	702,290	645,355	56,935	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	15	0	15	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	385	175	210	460	245	215	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	360	195	160
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	15	10	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	375	175	200	440	235	205	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	345	195	150
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	0	0	20	20	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	40	30	15	449,115	320,715	128,405	15	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	15	40	20	25	147,340	96,670	50,670	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	100	45	50	514,090	248,905	265,185	25	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	10	30	30	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	15	10	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	25	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	30	15	20	10	10	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	30	15	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	25	30	65	40	15	345,345	193,365	151,985	45	25	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	0	15	0	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	20	10	10
61 Educational services	65	30	35	20	0	20	340,885	104,300	236,590	30	20	0
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	30	10	25	617,200	122,675	494,525	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	10	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	30	20	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	10	35	20	20	190,470	89,730	100,735	35	15	15
91 Public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	20	10	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	405	195	210	470	250	225	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	385	225	160
English	100	60	35	110	55	55	350,525	195,385	155,145	65	45	15
French	65	30	40	50	25	25	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	130	70	60
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	210	85	125	275	155	120	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	175	95	75
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	15	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	20	10	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	405	195	210	470	250	225	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	385	225	160
Single responses	350	165	190	385	195	190	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	340	190	150
Official languages	350	165	190	380	195	190	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	340	190	150
English	195	105	90	265	130	130	668,485	365,785	302,695	160	90	75
French	160	60	100	115	60	55	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	180	100	80
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	35	25	90	55	35	269,365	142,370	126,995	45	30	15
English and French	45	25	25	80	50	30	249,945	132,640	117,300	40	30	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	405	195	210	470	250	225	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	385	225	160
None	225	125	100	250	135	115	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	235	145	90
English	85	25	55	55	30	25	720,960	391,075	329,885	50	35	20
French	80	35	45	150	75	70	302,145	161,340	140,805	90	35	55
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	10	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	365	175	190	430	225	195	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	310	180	130
Worked at home	200	90	105	130	85	55	897,770	435,285	462,480	135	75	60
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	0	0	30	20	10	442,035	333,730	108,305	10	10	0
Usual place of work	155	80	75	260	125	140	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	165	95	70
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	160	80	75	260	125	140	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	165	100	70
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	125	60	65	110	40	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	150	85	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	120	65	55	419,210	203,335	215,875	10	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	30	25	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	170	85	85	290	145	150	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	105	70
Car, truck or van	50	30	20	255	125	125	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	60	40	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	50	30	20	235	110	120	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	50	40	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	20	15	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	10	0	10
Public transit	60	35	25	25	0	15	287,345	120,460	166,885	70	40	30
Walked	45	15	35	10	0	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	45	20	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	10	10	0
Other method	10	0	10	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	170	85	85	290	145	150	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	105	70
Less than 15 minutes	25	10	20	55	10	40	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	40	15	30
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	30	85	50	35	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	70	45	25
30 to 44 minutes	50	30	25	115	65	50	635,870	363,430	272,445	40	25	15
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	0	0	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	25	20	0
60 minutes and over	20	15	10	35	20	20	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	170	85	85	290	145	150	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	105	70
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	0	0	25	15	10	241,420	189,270	52,155	25	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	0	40	35	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	35	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	15	30	75	35	35	935,640	441,465	494,170	20	10	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	25	30	75	40	45	626,895	259,220	367,675	40	25	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	0	40	15	20	330,930	142,495	188,435	35	25	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	20	15	40	15	30	489,685	284,160	205,530	15	10	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	55	55	170	90	80	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	80	30	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	20	85	40	45	303,835	156,030	147,805	20	5	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	35	90	55	35	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	55	25	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	90	45	45	135	70	65	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	50	25	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	15	20	65	30	40	230,080	118,075	112,005	15	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	60	30	35	175,305	90,000	85,305	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	10	5	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	70	40	30	992,895	508,315	484,580	40	20	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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