Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660289More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663411More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660452More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,071	...	...	395	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	476	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	608	...	...	121	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	274	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	585	...	...	119	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	251	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,642.4	...	...	4,206.6	...	...	6.5	...	...	14,209.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.23	...	...	0.09	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,070	465	605	395	205	190	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	475	245	225
0 to 14 years	120	65	60	65	30	35	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	70	35	35
0 to 4 years	30	15	20	15	10	5	422,980	217,145	205,840	40	15	20
5 to 9 years	50	25	25	25	10	15	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	15	5
10 to 14 years	40	15	25	30	15	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	10	5	5
15 to 64 years	565	270	295	280	150	130	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	360	190	170
15 to 19 years	35	15	15	35	15	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	10	5	5
20 to 24 years	45	20	20	30	25	10	460,660	235,250	225,405	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	55	25	30	20	10	15	527,150	266,455	260,700	70	35	35
30 to 34 years	55	30	25	15	10	5	536,040	267,770	268,270	65	30	30
35 to 39 years	50	25	25	15	5	5	550,425	274,350	276,075	70	35	30
40 to 44 years	55	30	25	20	5	15	572,565	286,405	286,160	50	25	20
45 to 49 years	65	30	40	35	20	15	516,465	259,565	256,905	25	15	10
50 to 54 years	55	25	35	45	15	25	522,935	262,610	260,325	25	5	10
55 to 59 years	75	45	35	45	25	20	615,690	307,230	308,465	15	10	5
60 to 64 years	90	40	50	20	10	10	625,610	307,710	317,900	15	10	5
65 years and over	380	130	250	45	25	20	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	40	25	20
65 to 69 years	90	40	55	20	10	5	541,970	264,020	277,950	15	5	10
70 to 74 years	95	30	60	15	5	10	455,900	217,985	237,910	10	10	0
75 to 79 years	80	25	55	5	0	5	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	55	15	40	5	0	0	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	10	5
85 years and over	55	20	35	5	0	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	35	15	25	0	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	15	5	15	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.2	14.0	9.9	16.5	14.6	18.4	16.4	17.0	15.8	14.7	14.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	52.8	58.1	48.8	70.9	73.2	68.4	63.0	63.9	62.1	75.8	77.6	75.6
65 years and over	35.5	28.0	41.3	11.4	12.2	10.5	20.6	19.1	22.1	8.4	10.2	8.9
85 years and over	5.1	4.3	5.8	1.3	0.0	2.6	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.1	0.0	2.2
Average age of the population	51.1	47.6	53.8	39.7	38.8	40.6	42.8	41.8	43.7	35.9	36.4	35.2
Median age of the population	55.6	50.8	59.6	43.6	39.2	44.8	43.2	42.0	44.0	34.8	35.6	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	585	...	...	120	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	255	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	115	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	5	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	175	...	...	0	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	405	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	585	...	...	115	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
1 person	310	...	...	10	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	115	...	...
2 persons	165	...	...	25	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	35	...	...	480,135	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	40	...	...	427,605	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,070	465	605	395	205	190	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	475	245	225
Average household size	1.8	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	950	405	545	330	170	155	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	405	210	190
Married or living common-law	390	195	195	205	100	105	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	215	110	105
Married	320	165	160	195	95	100	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	80	40	40
Living common-law	75	35	35	10	5	5	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	135	70	65
Living common law - Never married	55	20	30	5	0	5	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	135	65	65
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	5	5	0	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	555	205	350	125	70	50	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	190	105	90
Not married and not living common law - Never married	260	125	135	100	65	40	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	165	90	75
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	15	5	0	0	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	160	55	105	15	5	5	494,210	197,455	296,755	15	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	110	15	95	10	5	5	380,100	89,515	290,580	5	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	265	...	...	110	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	25	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	35	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	40	...	...	412,850	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	10	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	110	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	120	...	...
Total couple families	190	...	...	100	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	105	...	...
Married couples	150	...	...	95	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	80	...	...	502,020	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	15	...	...	609,605	...	...	15	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	5	...	...	828,005	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	0	...	...	401,885	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	5	...	...	426,120	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	75	...	...	10	...	...	383,775	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	60	...	...	5	...	...	284,025	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	0	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	475	245	225
Total - Persons in census families	720	345	375	365	195	175	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	325	160	165
Married spouses or common-law partners	375	190	185	205	100	105	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	210	110	100
Parents in one-parent families	75	15	65	10	5	5	383,780	99,755	284,020	15	0	10
Children⁶	265	140	125	160	90	70	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	95	50	45
In a two-parent family	155	85	75	140	80	60	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	75	40	40
In a one-parent family	105	50	55	15	10	10	585,820	317,400	268,415	20	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	350	120	235	30	15	15	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	155	85	65
Living alone	305	95	210	5	5	5	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	120	65	50
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	15	10	0	10	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	5	10	5	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	25	15	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	585	...	...	120	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	250	...	...	95	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	120	...	...
Couple-family households	180	...	...	90	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	75	...	...	851,835	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	100	...	...	15	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	65	...	...	10	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	5	...	...	139,280	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	310	...	...	10	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	950	400	550	330	175	155	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	405	210	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	915	395	525	320	170	150	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	395	205	185
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,600	32,400	25,200	38,000	40,800	37,600	40,800	44,800	37,200	42,000	43,600	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	915	395	525	320	170	150	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	395	205	185
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000	29,200	23,800	35,200	35,200	34,400	36,400	39,200	33,600	36,800	37,600	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	310	340	285	155	135	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	360	185	175
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,400	26,600	20,200	35,200	37,600	32,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	38,400	42,000	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	240	220	235	130	105	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	320	170	155
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	29,600	28,200	42,000	43,600	40,400	36,000	40,400	31,600	38,400	40,400	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	830	355	480	240	120	120	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	340	170	170
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	16,200	14,400	17,400	9,100	7,000	9,800	11,500	10,200	12,300	8,000	7,400	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	80	40	40	20	10	10	837,635	441,080	396,550	50	25	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,440	6,080	x	x	5,520	5,520	5,600	3,440	2,300	3,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	245	135	110	100	60	45	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	145	80	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,800	8,000	8,000	6,500	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	7,250	8,200
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	210	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	385	555	285	160	125	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	425	205	220
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,300	40,600	36,600	52,800	56,000	49,000	51,160	57,550	44,960	52,800	61,200	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	385	555	285	160	125	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	425	205	220
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,400	34,600	32,600	41,600	43,000	40,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	44,400	50,000	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	675	320	355	265	160	110	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	405	200	205
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,700	34,400	33,200	46,400	49,000	43,000	45,480	52,900	38,000	47,600	57,600	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	260	245	225	135	85	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	370	185	180
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	31,800	39,600	51,200	53,000	48,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	43,400	49,200	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	875	355	515	225	120	110	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	350	160	195
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,280	13,500	16,500	11,400	10,600	12,400	12,410	11,500	13,220	9,040	7,800	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	95	40	55	25	15	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	40	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	6,600	4,400	9,000	12,000	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	4,400	...	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	155	110	90	50	40	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	145	75	65
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	10,200	10,200	7,700	6,000	10,000	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	215	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	215	105	110	100	55	45	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	220	115	105
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	42,000	66,000	68,500	87,000	68,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	58,400	73,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,600	49,000	70,000	86,000	88,000	80,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	59,200	66,000	52,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	235	110	115	110	70	40	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	105	60	50
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,900	14,100	11,100	15,000	27,600	10,600	18,600	21,400	16,600	19,000	14,100	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	16,400	17,200	26,000	33,000	15,200	28,160	32,120	24,360	23,600	28,000	19,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	63.0	69.0	58.0	82.0	84.0	78.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	86.0	90.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.0	52.0	48.0	76.0	80.0	70.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	71.0	72.0	70.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	37.0	30.6	42.0	17.2	14.0	22.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	14.3	9.6	20.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.7	1.1	1.4	2.0	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	0.8	x	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.8	11.0	7.0	5.5	4.0	7.6	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.6	5.0	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	10.0	5.4	4.8	3.4	6.8	4.6	4.3	5.1	5.2	4.8	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	950	405	545	330	170	155	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	405	210	190
Without total income	30	10	25	5	0	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	0	5
With total income	920	395	520	320	170	150	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	395	205	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	50	25	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	30	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	155	60	95	50	25	25	809,375	334,315	475,065	40	30	15
$20,000 to $29,999	285	100	185	40	20	15	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	125	50	70	25	15	15	896,520	414,070	482,445	55	20	35
$40,000 to $49,999	100	55	50	30	15	15	849,005	411,680	437,325	55	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	30	25	15	15	687,020	345,720	341,305	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	20	10	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	20	5	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	20	10	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	25	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	10	5	5	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	40	20	20	35	20	10	556,780	365,700	191,080	35	30	10
$100,000 to $149,999	30	15	10	30	20	15	385,890	245,635	140,260	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	10	5	5	5	5	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	950	405	545	330	170	155	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	405	210	190
Without after-tax income	30	10	25	5	0	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	0	5
With after-tax income	920	395	525	320	170	150	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	395	205	190
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	30	30	50	25	20	495,035	214,000	281,030	25	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	165	65	100	50	30	25	853,250	356,480	496,765	45	30	15
$20,000 to $29,999	310	110	200	40	25	20	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	70	30	40
$30,000 to $39,999	135	65	70	30	15	20	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	70	35	35
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	50	45	20	20	994,235	505,970	488,265	50	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	25	25	15	15	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	25	15	15	459,665	251,490	208,170	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	15	5	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	25	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	10	15	10	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	10	0	5	106,165	67,055	39,105	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	15	10	5	229,765	156,750	73,020	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	5	5	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	5	5	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	950	405	545	330	170	155	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	405	210	190
Without employment income	490	165	325	95	40	50	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	80	40	40
With employment income	455	240	215	235	130	105	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	325	170	155
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	35	40	25	20	10	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	25	15
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	25	25	10	10	401,185	180,585	220,595	20	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	25	20	10	10	603,350	273,725	329,620	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	25	10	10	495,105	228,670	266,435	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	20	15	5	10	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	20	25	15	10	485,845	242,230	243,610	25	10	15
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	20	5	10	403,980	217,425	186,560	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	10	10	0	320,700	184,770	135,935	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	10	0	5	250,635	147,020	103,615	25	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	20	15	5	218,100	120,085	98,020	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	5	0	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	25	10	15	35	20	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	30	20	10
$100,000 to $124,999	15	5	10	20	10	10	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	15	5
$125,000 and over	10	5	5	15	10	5	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	950	400	550	330	175	155	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	405	210	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	900	380	520	300	155	145	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	385	200	180
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,400	27,800	22,200	39,600	44,000	37,600	38,400	43,200	34,000	37,600	36,800	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	900	380	520	300	155	145	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	385	200	180
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,600	26,800	22,200	34,800	38,800	34,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	34,400	34,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	655	305	350	270	145	120	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	350	180	170
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,400	31,000	20,000	37,600	42,800	35,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	36,400	38,800	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	240	215	235	130	105	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	325	170	150
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	33,600	29,600	42,000	45,600	39,600	36,400	41,200	31,800	38,400	40,000	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	795	320	470	215	105	115	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	300	145	155
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,300	7,800	15,000	3,200	1,980	5,240	7,800	5,640	9,100	2,580	2,560	2,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	20	25	25	10	15	727,165	390,255	336,910	40	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	3,120	7,700	6,450	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,520	x	7,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	210	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	920	370	550	265	140	120	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	405	200	200
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,500	40,200	33,800	55,200	58,000	52,000	48,600	55,500	41,880	49,400	55,600	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	920	370	550	265	140	120	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	405	200	200
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,300	33,600	29,800	44,400	45,000	43,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	41,800	46,000	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	680	315	365	240	140	105	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	395	200	190
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,800	32,600	54,000	55,000	52,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	45,400	53,200	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	255	265	220	125	100	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	355	190	160
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	38,400	38,000	53,600	57,000	49,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	43,000	48,000	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	815	305	510	205	105	100	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	325	150	170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,460	8,700	13,150	8,300	7,800	8,800	9,450	8,430	10,320	6,800	4,500	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	15	25	0	0	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	40	15	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	3,200	9,500	...	...	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	12,000	4,500	18,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	215	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	95	110	105	55	45	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	220	115	105
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	44,800	64,000	74,000	84,000	74,000	54,800	60,000	49,200	54,000	67,000	32,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,800	53,000	64,000	79,000	84,000	74,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	52,000	62,000	42,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	215	105	110	100	60	40	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	100	55	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	19,000	16,000	25,600	33,200	15,700	23,600	27,200	21,000	36,400	36,400	29,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	25,600	22,800	32,500	40,000	21,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	30,400	32,000	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	72.0	82.0	64.0	88.0	92.0	88.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	89.0	94.0	82.0
Employment income (%)	58.8	65.0	54.0	82.0	84.0	78.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	76.5	82.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)	27.9	17.6	36.0	11.6	10.0	14.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	11.1	6.2	17.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.4	1.4	x	x	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	2.4	0.8	4.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	585	...	...	115	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	122,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	99,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	310	...	...	10	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	22,800	...	...	x	...	...	38,800	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	22,800	...	...	x	...	...	34,400	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	280	...	...	110	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	129,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	103,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	138,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	110,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	0	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	...	...	...	47,680	...	...	42,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	x	...	...	39,640	...	...	37,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	270	...	...	100	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	142,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	585	...	...	115	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	0	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	0	...	...	144,420	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	0	...	...	143,285	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	166,990	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	0	...	...	310,880	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	0	...	...	280,505	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	5	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	80	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	307,835	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	20	...	...	239,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	585	...	...	115	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	87,695	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	0	...	...	234,875	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	0	...	...	177,135	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	0	...	...	180,150	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	193,530	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	0	...	...	356,325	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	289,580	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	60	...	...	892,775	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	225,830	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	25	...	...	279,105	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	270	...	...	110	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	129,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	103,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.5	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	15	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	x	...	...	84,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	x	...	...	72,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	85	...	...	907,765	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	5	...	...	368,845	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	x	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	325	115	220	20	10	10	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	140	85	65
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,200	26,600	22,400	x	x	x	36,800	39,200	34,800	35,200	33,200	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,000	26,000	22,400	x	x	x	33,200	34,800	31,600	31,200	29,200	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	270	...	...	95	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	148,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	0	...	...	992,110	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	...	...	...	101,100	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	x	...	...	82,200	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	65	...	...	909,160	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	165,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	15	...	...	367,155	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	75	230	30	15	0	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	120	55	65
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	46,000	31,600	48,000	x	x	45,480	48,000	42,920	44,000	52,000	38,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	39,000	28,800	38,000	x	x	38,040	39,400	36,640	38,500	42,000	35,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,070	465	605	395	205	190	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	475	250	230
0 to 17 years	140	70	75	90	45	50	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	75	40	35
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	20	10	10	515,725	264,785	250,935	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	550	265	285	255	135	120	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	360	190	170
65 years and over	380	130	250	45	25	20	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	40	20	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	335	120	210	25	15	15	992,235	463,295	528,940	55	35	25
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	5	0	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	0	5	0
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	95	45	50	15	5	10	515,470	256,435	259,035	45	25	15
65 years and over	205	60	140	5	5	5	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	31.1	26.4	34.8	6.0	5.0	7.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	11.6	14.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	20.0	24.0	x	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	30.0	30.0	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	17.6	17.5	17.5	4.5	4.0	5.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	11.6	15.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	53.6	46.0	57.0	12.0	x	x	19.8	16.6	22.7	28.0	25.0	30.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	475	245	225
0 to 17 years	140	70	75	95	50	45	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	80	40	35
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	20	10	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	550	265	285	255	135	125	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	355	185	170
65 years and over	380	130	250	45	20	25	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	45	25	20
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	195	65	130	25	10	10	439,850	223,055	216,795	45	35	10
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	5	0	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70	30	35	10	5	5	313,970	167,015	146,955	40	30	10
65 years and over	110	25	80	5	0	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	18.4	14.0	21.6	6.0	5.0	6.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	9.6	13.0	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	14.0	16.0	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	11.0	13.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	10.0	16.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	28.8	20.0	33.0	x	x	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	20.0	20.0	20.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,070	465	605	395	205	190	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	475	245	225
In bottom half of the distribution	825	340	485	170	90	85	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	285	150	135
In bottom decile	295	105	190	25	10	15	851,840	407,705	444,140	55	35	20
In second decile	155	60	95	40	15	20	920,490	434,730	485,760	55	20	35
In third decile	175	80	90	20	5	15	969,255	471,650	497,600	60	30	25
In fourth decile	110	50	60	40	25	15	978,345	482,760	495,590	50	25	25
In fifth decile	95	40	50	45	25	20	947,090	473,285	473,810	60	30	30
In top half of the distribution	250	125	125	225	115	105	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	195	95	95
In sixth decile	75	40	35	35	20	15	899,660	454,970	444,690	30	20	10
In seventh decile	45	25	25	55	30	25	837,225	425,400	411,830	55	25	30
In eighth decile	50	20	25	35	15	20	752,410	383,450	368,955	50	25	25
In ninth decile	30	15	15	40	20	20	634,425	325,700	308,730	45	20	25
In top decile	50	25	20	55	35	25	517,725	267,160	250,565	15	10	5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,070	...	...	395	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.344	...	...	0.301	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.312	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.588	...	...	0.406	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.305	...	...	0.256	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	250	225
English only	55	25	30	90	45	40	445,575	228,840	216,735	5	5	5
French only	430	160	275	20	10	10	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	150	80	65
English and French	520	260	265	275	145	130	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	320	155	155
Neither English nor French	60	15	40	15	5	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	250	225
English	250	120	130	245	125	125	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	35	20	15
French	640	255	385	90	50	40	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	420	220	200
English and French	115	70	50	50	30	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	20	15	5
Neither English nor French	60	15	40	15	5	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	250	225
Single responses	990	415	570	345	175	175	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	455	235	225
Official languages	365	150	215	175	90	80	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	385	195	185
English	70	40	35	115	60	55	639,365	323,170	316,195	15	10	10
French	290	115	180	60	35	25	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	360	185	180
Non-official languages	620	270	355	170	85	90	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	75	35	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	620	270	355	170	85	90	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	75	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	50	60	40	20	20	233,220	122,895	110,320	25	20	15
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	10	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	45	55	35	20	20	204,600	107,735	96,865	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	100	45	55	30	15	15	198,785	104,765	94,020	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	40	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	55	20	35	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	10	10	5	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	10	10	5	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	400	170	220	80	40	40	595,790	290,670	305,115	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10	15	10	10	68,295	30,855	37,435	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	15	10	10	67,565	30,570	36,995	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	0	5	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	20	5	10	101,450	52,780	48,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	10	5	5	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	365	160	205	35	15	15	346,000	167,870	178,130	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	240	105	140	15	5	10	90,940	44,080	46,865	10	10	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	5
Romanian	25	10	10	10	0	5	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	90	35	50	10	5	0	177,155	86,490	90,660	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	30	15	15	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	30	15	15	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	20	15	10	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	5	0	5	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	50	35	50	35	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	20	20	5
English and French	15	10	5	15	10	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	15	10	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	5	5	0	94,205	46,880	47,320	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	250	225
English	110	55	55	130	65	65	623,305	313,780	309,520	20	10	5
French	310	120	190	25	20	10	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	355	190	170
Non-official language	205	80	125	65	30	30	366,730	177,410	189,315	10	5	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	205	80	125	65	30	30	343,650	165,830	177,825	10	5	0
English and French	55	25	30	40	25	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	40	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	55	25	25	205,755	102,290	103,470	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	210	95	115	20	10	10	375,795	179,585	196,210	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	110	55	50	55	20	30	284,940	141,275	143,665	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,070	465	610	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	250	225
Single responses	950	405	550	365	190	180	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	450	230	215
Official languages	620	265	355	265	135	125	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	420	220	200
English	210	105	105	205	110	100	874,185	438,570	435,615	30	15	15
French	410	165	245	55	30	20	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	390	205	185
Non-official languages	335	140	200	105	50	50	662,615	322,860	339,750	30	15	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	335	140	200	105	50	50	628,365	305,820	322,555	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	15	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	15	5	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	20	15	5	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	10	25	5	5	5	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	5	15	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	10	5	5	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	10	5	5	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	85	130	30	15	15	336,635	164,100	172,535	10	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	5	5	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	5	5	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	15	10	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	10	5	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	80	120	10	5	5	182,585	88,060	94,525	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	115	40	75	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	0	5	0	5	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	35	0	0	0	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	30	15	15	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	30	15	15	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	25	15	10	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	60	55	30	20	10	357,245	176,070	181,175	30	15	15
English and French	15	10	5	5	5	0	137,120	69,025	68,095	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	15	10	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	5	0	0	116,595	56,445	60,150	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	5	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,070	465	605	395	205	190	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	475	245	225
None	720	310	415	245	125	115	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	400	215	190
English	45	15	30	35	20	15	353,690	183,470	170,225	25	10	10
French	110	50	60	35	20	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	15	5	10
Non-official language	110	45	70	35	15	15	269,715	129,830	139,890	20	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	45	70	35	15	15	264,405	127,330	137,070	20	10	15
English and French	25	15	10	15	5	10	61,955	31,425	30,525	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	5	0	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	20	10	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,130	465	670	370	195	180	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	500	255	245
Official languages	1,085	455	630	370	185	180	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	500	255	245
English	675	310	370	345	180	170	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	355	190	165
French	1,030	430	595	300	155	145	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	500	255	245
Non-official languages	840	350	495	225	115	110	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	130	50	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	840	350	495	225	115	110	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	130	50	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	110	125	80	55	30	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	15	25
Berber languages	20	20	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	20	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	95	125	65	45	20	363,875	190,005	173,870	40	15	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	225	95	125	40	30	15	343,675	179,750	163,930	40	15	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	15	10	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	40	55	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	95	40	55	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	485	180	305	100	50	45	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	85	35	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	45	25	15	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	0	15	45	25	15	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	35	20	15	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	445	160	280	45	30	20	684,830	324,095	360,735	80	30	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	325	125	205	15	10	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	15	0	10
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	115	40	75	30	20	15	453,905	210,400	243,505	75	30	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	20	15	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,125	465	670	370	195	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	505	255	250
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,120	460	660	370	195	180	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	505	255	250
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,125	465	670	370	195	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	505	255	250
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,125	465	660	370	195	180	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	505	255	250
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Owner	215	...	...	100	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	365	...	...	15	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	185	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Condominium	225	...	...	0	...	...	515,590	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	355	...	...	110	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	195	...	...	0	...	...	623,295	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	270	...	...	0	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	35	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...	730,330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	415	...	...	0	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	150	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	10	...	...	645,635	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	15	...	...	435,225	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	20	...	...	403,225	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	60	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	7.8	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
One person or fewer per room	555	...	...	105	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	250	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Suitable	530	...	...	105	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	240	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	0	...	...	142,775	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
1960 or before	50	...	...	0	...	...	879,375	...	...	175	...	...
1961 to 1980	210	...	...	30	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	35	...	...
1981 to 1990	75	...	...	20	...	...	509,120	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	0	...	...	385,315	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	40	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	115	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	570	...	...	105	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	220	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	0	...	...	236,110	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
One-maintainer household	410	...	...	40	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	105	...	...
Two-maintainer household	150	...	...	60	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	140	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	575	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	0	...	...	525,540	...	...	80	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	15	...	...	647,165	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	65	...	...	40	...	...	628,630	...	...	50	...	...
55 to 64 years	125	...	...	25	...	...	760,395	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	140	...	...	0	...	...	629,965	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	110	...	...	0	...	...	336,170	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	580	...	...	105	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	500	...	...	100	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	205	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	75	...	...	0	...	...	595,690	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	0	...	...	542,060	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	580	...	...	110	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	15	...	...	901,440	...	...	80	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...	0	...	...	537,090	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	440	...	...	95	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	575	...	...	105	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	240	...	...
In core need	55	...	...	0	...	...	218,275	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	525	...	...	105	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	215	...	...	95	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	70	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	39.5	...	...	42.1	...	...	62.2	...	...	64.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	765	...	...	1,070	...	...	2,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120	...	...	1,260	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,750	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	444,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	600,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	360	...	...	0	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	180	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	45.8	...	...	...	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.9	...	...	...	...	...	25.2	...	...	19.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.7	...	...	...	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	612	...	...	x	...	...	810	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	696	...	...	x	...	...	886	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,130	460	665	370	190	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	500	255	245
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	25	0	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	25	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	25	0	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,115	460	655	370	190	180	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	480	250	230
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,130	460	665	375	190	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	500	255	245
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,055	420	635	325	170	150	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	460	240	225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	145	60	80	80	35	40	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	75	45	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	910	360	555	245	135	110	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	385	190	195
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	70	40	30	45	20	30	518,265	264,490	253,775	40	15	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,130	460	665	375	190	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	500	255	245
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	560	230	335	210	105	100	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	395	195	200
Immigrants⁸¹	540	215	325	160	80	80	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	80	50	35
Before 1980	185	70	120	15	10	0	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	75	30	45	0	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	75	30	45	15	0	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	30	15	15
2001 to 2010	90	45	45	55	25	25	312,210	150,825	161,390	10	10	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	45	70	75	35	35	396,090	192,745	203,340	35	15	20
2011 to 2015	80	30	50	60	25	30	193,345	93,485	99,855	15	0	10
2016 to 2021	30	10	20	0	0	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	20	10	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	20	10	0	0	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	25	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	540	215	325	160	80	80	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	80	50	35
Under 5 years	40	15	30	30	10	20	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	110	30	80	40	25	20	201,385	101,555	99,835	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	95	45	45	10	10	0	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	195	85	110	70	30	40	594,845	292,975	301,875	65	30	35
45 years and over	90	35	55	15	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	540	215	325	160	80	80	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	80	50	35
Americas	125	55	70	15	0	0	264,885	121,740	143,145	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	80	40	40	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	175	60	115	35	10	25	309,015	154,110	154,910	40	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	40	30	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	130	45	85	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	15	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	150	60	95	65	35	25	302,010	153,655	148,355	0	0	0
Algeria	105	40	65	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	15	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	40	10	25	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	90	40	45	45	25	15	332,925	158,445	174,475	15	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	0	15	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	15	10	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	10	10	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	10	20	0	0	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	20	10	10
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	20	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	20	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	25	10	20	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,130	465	670	370	195	180	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	505	255	245
First generation¹⁰⁰	575	235	340	165	85	80	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	110	60	50
Second generation¹⁰¹	280	120	160	90	60	30	883,485	446,000	437,490	110	60	50
Third generation or more¹⁰²	270	110	165	120	50	70	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	280	130	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	350	145	205	140	70	75	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	80	40	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	165	75	95	115	65	55	559,935	290,040	269,895	40	30	10
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	45	25	30	20	20	267,870	161,125	106,740	35	30	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	95	25	65	85	45	40	292,070	128,915	163,155	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	35	60	0	0	0	272,255	109,735	162,515	20	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	35	45	20	10	15	175,740	89,995	85,740	20	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	350	145	205	140	70	75	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	80	40	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	30	30	20	10	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	20	15	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	10	15	20	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	25	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	235	90	150	105	50	45	756,120	358,700	397,420	30	10	20
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,125	465	670	370	195	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	505	255	250
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	470	210	260	175	105	75	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	75	35	45
South Asian	0	0	0	15	15	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	50	30	20	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	110	50	65	30	10	20	422,405	206,335	216,070	15	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	230	95	135	55	35	20	280,075	146,990	133,085	35	15	20
Latin American	50	20	30	0	0	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	20	15	0
Southeast Asian	35	15	15	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	660	250	405	195	85	110	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	430	225	205
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,130	460	665	375	195	180	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	500	255	245
Canadian	105	40	65	25	15	10	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	70	30	35
English	10	0	10	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	15	0	10
Irish	10	0	0	25	15	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	35	15	15
Scottish	10	0	0	40	25	20	192,685	93,120	99,565	15	15	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	25	15	0	0	0	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	235	120	115
German	10	0	10	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	10	0	10
Chinese	0	0	0	55	25	20	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	355	150	205	55	30	25	316,315	157,600	158,720	40	30	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	30	20	15	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	30	10	20	25	10	15	931,940	465,630	466,305	50	30	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	10	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	40	0	35	30	15	15	588,805	290,630	298,180	50	30	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	25	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	0	20	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	35	45	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	15	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	40	25	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	20	15	0
Haitian	100	45	55	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	30	15	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	10	15	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	105	40	65	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	10	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	30	20	10	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	10	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,125	465	670	370	190	180	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	505	255	250
Buddhist	20	15	10	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	695	260	435	245	120	130	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	125	60	60
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	20	25	50	10	40	464,020	229,155	234,860	10	0	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	35	15	20	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	550	200	350	115	60	55	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	105	50	45
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	45	35	15	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	15	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	10	15	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	35	20	15	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	285	125	160	15	10	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	25	10	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	115	55	60	70	40	35	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	350	185	165
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,125	455	665	365	185	175	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	490	250	245
Non-movers	1,030	415	615	335	165	170	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	440	225	210
Movers	90	45	50	35	25	10	945,290	466,750	478,540	55	20	30
Non-migrants	85	35	50	35	25	10	543,670	268,740	274,925	45	20	25
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,095	440	655	360	180	175	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	470	245	230
Non-movers	635	255	375	275	140	135	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	195	95	95
Movers	465	185	280	75	35	40	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	275	145	125
Non-migrants	380	145	240	65	25	35	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	200	110	90
Migrants	80	40	40	0	0	0	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	80	35	40
Internal migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	50	30	25
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	45	25	25
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	55	25	30	0	0	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	20	10	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	215	215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	335	115	225	55	30	30	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	45	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	660	285	380	240	130	105	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	385	190	195
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	535	230	300	185	90	90	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	175	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	85	45	40	25	0	20	642,800	382,415	260,380	20	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	445	175	265	160	90	75	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	335	160	170
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	995	400	600	295	160	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	210	220
No certificate, diploma or degree	320	110	210	60	25	25	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	35	25	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	220	95	125	40	25	20	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	45	35	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	460	195	260	195	110	90	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	345	155	195
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	115	170	85	40	40	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	140	70	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	50	75	25	15	0	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	35	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	80	20	60	15	10	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	30	20	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	30	15	10	10	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	130	55	75	60	25	30	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	80	35	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	0	15	0	0	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	180	85	95	115	60	50	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	205	90	120
Bachelor's degree	105	45	65	75	40	35	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	95	45	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	15	10	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	20	15	20	10	10	360,795	174,150	186,645	70	25	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	25	15	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	530	225	300	185	90	95	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	360	175	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	45	30	20	0	20	525,155	303,815	221,345	20	10	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	120	50	75	25	15	0	752,855	388,160	364,700	20	20	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	335	135	200	140	70	65	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	320	140	180
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190	75	115	30	10	15	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	120	60	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	25	65	0	0	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	30	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	20	50	0	0	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	20	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	10	15	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	40	35	25	10	10	838,140	372,455	465,685	65	30	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	15	0	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	25	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	145	60	85	110	55	50	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	195	85	115
Bachelor's degree	90	35	55	65	35	35	802,755	343,100	459,650	95	40	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	0	15	0	10	119,460	50,155	69,310	15	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	30	15	15	15	0	10	302,065	140,530	161,530	65	25	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	10	10	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	25	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	995	395	600	295	160	130	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	430	210	220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	540	200	340	95	55	45	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	85	60	25
Education	45	15	25	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	0	20
13. Education	45	15	25	20	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	0	10	0	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	35	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	0	10	0	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	35	10	25
Humanities	15	0	15	0	0	0	228,770	90,810	137,960	25	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	20	25	10	20	430,845	142,280	288,570	45	0	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	20	15	10	15	10	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	110	20	90	30	20	10	950,820	357,290	593,535	55	15	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	20	80	25	15	10	894,690	344,770	549,925	40	15	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	15	10	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	20	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	10	35	20	15	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	10	30	10	15	147,845	110,915	36,930	20	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	80	80	0	30	25	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	35	0	10	10	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	10	161,440	141,185	20,255	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	10	0	10
Health and related fields	60	10	55	15	10	0	515,215	101,455	413,760	55	30	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	10	55	15	10	0	470,150	78,875	391,275	55	30	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	10	35	10	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	25	25	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	10	25	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	530	225	305	180	90	95	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	175	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	195	95	105	45	20	30	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	40	35	0
Education	25	10	15	20	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	15
13. Education	25	10	15	20	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	40	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	40	10	25
Humanities	10	0	10	10	10	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	20	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	25	10	20	0	20	334,475	103,635	230,840	45	0	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	10	0	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	95	20	75	20	10	0	741,390	268,705	472,685	45	0	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	20	65	20	10	0	697,775	259,725	438,045	30	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	10	10	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	20	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	35	15	15	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10	30	15	15	126,845	95,720	31,120	20	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	10	10	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	25	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	25	0	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	10	0	10
Health and related fields	40	0	35	10	0	0	387,725	74,730	312,995	55	30	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	10	0	0	352,905	58,735	294,170	55	30	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	25	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	20	20	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	15	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	530	225	305	180	90	95	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	355	175	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	95	105	45	20	30	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	40	35	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	335	135	200	135	70	65	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	315	140	175
Location of study inside Canada	275	105	175	75	35	35	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	255	105	150
Same as province or territory of residence	270	105	170	70	30	35	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	250	105	140
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	30	30	65	35	30	414,490	209,160	205,330	60	35	30
Americas	10	0	0	10	0	10	81,780	40,955	40,820	10	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	55	25	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	40	20	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	20	20	10	10	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	25	0	20	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	10	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	30	20	15	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	20	10	10	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	995	395	600	295	165	135	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	210	220
In the labour force	465	235	230	200	120	80	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	325	165	160
Employed	430	215	210	185	115	75	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	305	160	145
Unemployed	40	20	20	15	10	10	335,015	176,245	158,775	20	0	15
Not in the labour force	530	165	365	95	40	50	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	105	45	60
Participation rate	46.7	59.5	38.3	67.8	72.7	59.3	64.1	67.4	60.9	75.6	78.6	72.7
Employment rate	43.2	54.4	35.0	62.7	69.7	55.6	59.3	62.3	56.3	70.9	76.2	65.9
Unemployment rate	8.6	8.5	8.7	7.5	8.3	12.5	7.6	7.7	7.4	6.2	0.0	9.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	995	395	600	295	160	130	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	430	210	220
Did not work¹⁸⁶	540	165	370	80	35	40	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	100	40	60
Worked	460	230	225	215	125	90	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	325	170	155
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	215	105	110	110	55	50	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	220	115	105
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	245	125	120	110	65	40	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	110	55	50
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.2	37.2	41.2	43.0	42.0	44.4	41.3	41.7	40.8	44.9	44.6	45.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	465	235	230	200	120	80	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	325	165	160
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	455	230	225	200	120	80	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	325	165	160
Employee	390	200	195	175	110	60	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	265	140	125
Permanent position	305	160	140	150	90	60	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	205	115	90
Temporary position	90	35	55	25	20	0	623,510	296,655	326,850	60	25	40
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	10	0	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	30	10	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	80	30	50	20	20	0	405,605	202,450	203,155	30	10	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	60	35	25	25	10	15	530,720	324,555	206,165	65	30	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	465	235	230	200	120	80	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	325	165	160
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	455	230	225	200	120	80	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	325	165	160
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	15	85	20	0	20	778,905	256,150	522,760	60	20	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	40	0	40	30	10	360,495	272,510	87,985	50	40	10
3 Health occupations	25	0	25	0	0	0	359,665	70,075	289,590	40	15	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	10	45	25	10	15	558,725	166,020	392,700	55	10	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	0	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	35	15	20
6 Sales and service occupations	130	85	45	80	50	30	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	75	45	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	60	50	0	20	20	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	0	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	0	10	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	465	235	230	200	120	80	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	325	165	160
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	455	230	225	200	120	80	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	325	165	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	20	15	0
23 Construction	25	25	0	15	15	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	10	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	35	15	20	25	15	10	449,115	320,715	128,405	20	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	10	10	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	60	30	25	40	30	15	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	0	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	0	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	40	10	30	0	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	30	15	40	30	15	345,345	193,365	151,985	60	30	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	30	0	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	20	0	10
61 Educational services	40	10	35	0	0	0	340,885	104,300	236,590	45	15	30
62 Health care and social assistance	65	20	45	20	0	15	617,200	122,675	494,525	60	25	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	30	10	20	15	10	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	10	10	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	10
91 Public administration	15	0	10	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	15	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	510	255	250	220	130	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	165
English	75	35	40	55	25	30	350,525	195,385	155,145	20	0	15
French	205	110	95	10	0	10	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	190	100	90
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	195	90	110	140	90	50	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	135	75	60
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	0	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	510	255	250	220	130	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	165
Single responses	440	215	215	190	105	90	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	335	170	160
Official languages	430	215	215	190	105	90	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	335	170	160
English	110	60	55	145	75	70	668,485	365,785	302,695	40	10	25
French	320	160	155	40	30	15	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	295	155	135
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	40	35	25	25	0	269,365	142,370	126,995	15	10	0
English and French	65	30	30	25	25	0	249,945	132,640	117,300	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	510	255	250	220	130	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	350	180	165
None	355	190	165	95	50	45	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	220	115	105
English	100	45	60	30	30	0	720,960	391,075	329,885	95	50	45
French	30	15	15	85	45	45	302,145	161,340	140,805	25	0	15
Non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	430	215	215	190	110	75	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	305	160	145
Worked at home	85	35	50	75	45	30	897,770	435,285	462,480	140	85	60
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	75	65	10	0	0	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	30	15	15
Usual place of work	265	115	145	110	65	45	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	135	55	75
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	260	115	150	105	65	45	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	135	55	75
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	205	90	115	55	30	20	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	120	45	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	10	20	50	30	25	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	15	15	0	0	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	335	180	160	115	60	45	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	160	75	85
Car, truck or van	285	145	130	100	60	40	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	45	15	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	255	140	115	90	55	35	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	40	15	25
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	10	20	10	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	45	25	20	0	0	0	287,345	120,460	166,885	75	40	35
Walked	10	0	0	0	0	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	20	10	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	25	0	20
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	335	180	160	115	60	45	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	160	75	85
Less than 15 minutes	65	30	35	15	0	10	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	25	10	15
15 to 29 minutes	125	65	60	65	40	20	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	30	10	25
30 to 44 minutes	85	50	30	25	10	10	635,870	363,430	272,445	70	30	35
45 to 59 minutes	50	25	25	0	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	25	15	0
60 minutes and over	20	10	10	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	335	180	160	115	60	45	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	160	75	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	10	10	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	50	25	25	20	20	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	80	25	50	30	0	25	935,640	441,465	494,170	40	25	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	35	15	20	15	10	626,895	259,220	367,675	55	15	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	15	35	15	10	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	35	20	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80	50	30	15	15	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	10	10	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	145	70	70	95	50	45	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	80	40	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	25	15	50	30	20	303,835	156,030	147,805	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	45	55	40	20	25	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	70	40	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	110	55	55	75	40	40	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	35	25	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	45	25	20	230,080	118,075	112,005	5	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	35	20	15	175,305	90,000	85,305	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15	5	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	40	30	10	20	992,895	508,315	484,580	30	25	10

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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