Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660232More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663486More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	934	...	...	2,281	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	458	...	...	1,755	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	442	...	...	1,492	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	12,604.6	...	...	14,436.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.07	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	930	480	450	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 14 years	210	105	105	135	70	65
0 to 4 years	90	45	40	85	45	40
5 to 9 years	80	40	45	40	15	20
10 to 14 years	40	20	25	15	5	5
15 to 64 years	620	335	285	2,050	1,095	955
15 to 19 years	25	10	15	35	20	20
20 to 24 years	50	25	20	235	110	120
25 to 29 years	70	35	35	515	260	255
30 to 34 years	90	45	45	420	220	200
35 to 39 years	110	60	50	290	175	120
40 to 44 years	85	45	40	165	90	75
45 to 49 years	75	40	35	120	70	55
50 to 54 years	40	30	10	110	70	40
55 to 59 years	45	20	25	100	60	40
60 to 64 years	30	20	15	60	30	30
65 years and over	100	40	60	100	50	45
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	45	20	25
70 to 74 years	20	5	15	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	20	15	5
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	5	0	0
85 years and over	15	5	10	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.6	21.9	23.3	5.9	5.8	6.1
15 to 64 years	66.7	69.8	63.3	89.9	90.5	89.3
65 years and over	10.8	8.3	13.3	4.4	4.1	4.2
85 years and over	1.6	1.0	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	35.7	35.2	36.3	35.1	35.7	34.5
Median age of the population	36.0	36.0	35.6	32.4	33.2	31.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	445	...	...	1,490	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	300	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	1,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	440	...	...	1,495	...	...
1 person	195	...	...	880	...	...
2 persons	110	...	...	500	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	935	485	450	2,280	1,210	1,070
Average household size	2.1	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	725	375	350	2,145	1,145	1,000
Married or living common-law	355	180	175	990	525	465
Married	320	160	155	500	260	240
Living common-law	35	15	15	490	265	230
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	440	240	205
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	5	45	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	370	200	170	1,155	625	535
Not married and not living common law - Never married	240	135	100	1,000	550	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	10	35	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	80	40	35	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	0	25	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	205	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	165	...	...	480	...	...
Married couples	150	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	105	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	240	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	225	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	935	480	455	2,280	1,210	1,065
Total - Persons in census families	635	305	330	1,185	615	575
Married spouses or common-law partners	335	170	170	955	500	450
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30	40	20	25
Children⁶	260	135	130	195	95	100
In a two-parent family	205	105	100	140	65	75
In a one-parent family	55	25	35	50	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	295	175	120	1,090	600	495
Living alone	200	110	85	880	475	410
Living with other relatives⁷	25	20	10	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	70	50	25	165	105	60
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	440	...	...	1,495	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	200	...	...	505	...	...
Couple-family households	165	...	...	465	...	...
With children⁶	110	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	375	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	195	...	...	880	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	720	375	345	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	365	325	2,055	1,100	960
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,800	29,200	58,400	65,000	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	365	325	2,055	1,100	960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	31,800	28,000	48,400	53,200	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	575	325	250	1,975	1,065	910
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,800	28,400	17,600	57,200	64,500	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	310	195	1,825	1,000	825
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,600	29,200	21,200	58,000	64,500	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	640	335	305	1,380	680	700
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,300	7,800	15,000	3,920	4,000	2,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	90	45	45	190	95	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,480	4,960	4,200	5,600	5,480	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	250	145	105	625	335	290
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	780	420	365	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	745	405	335	1,955	1,030	930
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,100	37,600	32,000	82,300	104,200	58,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	745	405	335	1,955	1,030	930
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,650	33,200	29,800	58,900	70,600	45,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	630	390	240	1,885	990	895
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	29,900	22,400	80,600	103,600	55,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	565	365	200	1,735	940	790
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	30,100	24,400	80,100	99,600	56,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	710	380	330	1,270	600	670
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,720	9,640	16,200	7,100	7,680	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	125	60	60	130	55	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,300	5,800	4,600	5,000	4,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	155	105	580	305	275
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	10,800	9,200	9,240	9,600	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	785	415	365	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	150	55	1,005	570	435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	40,800	43,200	38,800	80,000	88,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	45,200	45,000	46,000	108,600	129,000	81,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	285	180	110	625	320	305
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,700	17,600	13,100	23,200	32,800	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	20,400	14,600	43,400	56,600	29,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	65.5	76.0	50.0	94.4	95.6	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.2	72.5	45.0	86.4	88.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	34.6	24.0	49.6	5.6	4.3	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.5	2.4	2.6	0.4	0.2	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.7	12.2	11.0	3.5	2.9	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.2	10.8	9.2	3.3	2.7	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	725	375	350	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without total income	30	10	25	85	45	45
With total income	690	370	325	2,055	1,100	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	30	35	175	70	100
$10,000 to $19,999	85	45	40	145	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	85	210	100	110
$30,000 to $39,999	145	85	60	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	95	60	40	165	85	80
$50,000 to $59,999	65	40	20	180	85	95
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	160	85	75
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	155	85	70
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	135	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	95	45	50
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	455	310	140
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	0	250	155	95
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	200	155	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	725	375	350	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without after-tax income	30	10	25	85	45	45
With after-tax income	690	370	325	2,060	1,100	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	30	35	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	95	50	50	160	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	180	85	95	260	120	140
$30,000 to $39,999	165	95	70	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	90	55	40	255	140	115
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	20	255	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	15	190	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	150	75	75
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	240	180	65
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	95	65	30
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	145	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	725	375	350	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without employment income	220	70	150	320	140	175
With employment income	500	305	200	1,825	1,000	825
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	35	35	185	90	100
$5,000 to $9,999	65	30	30	105	60	50
$10,000 to $19,999	75	45	30	155	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	75	45	30	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	70	40	25	125	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	20	120	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	35	30	10	150	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	135	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	125	70	60
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	10	125	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	90	45	40
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	395	280	120
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	140	90	55
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	255	185	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	720	375	345	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	670	355	315	1,995	1,055	940
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,400	23,600	48,400	55,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	670	355	315	1,990	1,055	940
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,400	26,200	22,800	41,600	45,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	550	315	230	1,895	1,015	880
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	22,800	26,600	19,000	49,200	57,600	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	470	285	185	1,715	935	780
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800	26,800	20,600	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	585	295	290	1,205	605	605
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,440	2,540	10,100	1,300	1,240	1,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	70	45	30	75	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	4,960	5,280	9,400	7,250	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	780	420	365	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	715	395	320	1,885	980	905
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	32,600	26,800	77,100	99,200	53,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	715	395	320	1,885	980	905
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,900	28,500	25,000	52,700	62,900	41,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	590	365	225	1,790	940	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,500	30,300	23,000	79,200	102,000	54,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	530	340	195	1,635	880	755
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600	30,800	24,800	80,100	100,200	56,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	635	320	310	1,100	495	605
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,440	5,500	11,400	2,925	2,900	2,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	100	60	35	40	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,400	7,600	9,600	8,000	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	785	415	365	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	150	55	985	545	435
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	35,600	36,400	32,800	70,500	73,500	61,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	38,000	39,000	35,000	102,800	126,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	245	155	90	520	270	245
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	16,800	15,000	29,600	37,600	26,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	23,600	21,200	52,400	65,500	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.0	86.0	59.0	97.8	98.4	96.4
Employment income (%)	71.0	82.0	55.0	90.2	90.8	88.8
Government transfers (%)	24.8	13.8	41.0	2.2	1.5	3.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.7	4.0	3.2	0.3	0.2	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	440	...	...	1,495	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	195	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	245	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	450	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	115,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	82,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,000	...	...	58,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	445	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	445	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	215	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	270	160	110	1,045	575	465
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	36,800	28,800	56,400	57,600	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	32,400	28,000	46,800	47,600	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	240	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	168,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	244,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	260	155	100	940	485	455
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	33,000	28,400	75,400	88,000	61,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,000	29,200	26,000	55,900	62,800	48,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	935	480	450	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 17 years	225	110	115	145	80	70
0 to 5 years	110	60	50	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	605	330	280	2,035	1,085	950
65 years and over	100	45	60	95	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	240	110	125	355	180	180
0 to 17 years	60	30	30	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	140	70	70	315	160	150
65 years and over	35	15	25	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	25.6	23.6	28.0	15.7	14.9	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	27.0	26.0	28.0	20.0	18.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	24.0	20.0	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	23.2	22.0	25.0	15.4	14.8	16.0
65 years and over (%)	36.0	32.0	40.0	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	935	480	455	2,280	1,215	1,065
0 to 17 years	230	115	110	145	75	65
0 to 5 years	110	60	50	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	605	325	275	2,040	1,090	950
65 years and over	105	40	60	95	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	150	80	70	315	160	150
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	95	55	45	280	150	135
65 years and over	20	5	10	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.4	16.8	16.0	13.9	13.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	19.0	16.0	19.0	18.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	18.0	10.0	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	15.6	16.0	13.8	13.6	14.0
65 years and over (%)	18.0	20.0	16.0	8.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	930	480	450	2,280	1,210	1,070
In bottom half of the distribution	825	425	405	1,035	535	500
In bottom decile	215	105	105	375	190	180
In second decile	185	95	90	170	90	80
In third decile	210	115	95	135	65	75
In fourth decile	115	50	65	185	100	85
In fifth decile	105	60	45	170	90	80
In top half of the distribution	105	55	45	1,250	675	575
In sixth decile	40	20	20	170	90	85
In seventh decile	30	20	10	215	115	95
In eighth decile	15	5	5	200	100	95
In ninth decile	20	10	5	275	145	125
In top decile	0	0	0	390	220	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	935	...	...	2,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.274	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.474	...	...	0.481	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.244	...	...	0.373	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	7.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	935	480	455	2,285	1,215	1,070
English only	35	15	20	385	210	180
French only	460	215	240	130	65	60
English and French	420	230	190	1,750	930	820
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	935	480	455	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	100	50	50	890	460	430
French	690	345	345	1,175	655	525
English and French	120	70	55	205	95	110
Neither English nor French	20	15	10	20	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	935	480	455	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	825	410	415	2,120	1,140	980
Official languages	325	145	180	1,445	825	620
English	35	20	15	450	250	200
French	290	125	165	995	570	425
Non-official languages	505	270	230	680	320	360
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	270	230	680	320	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	325	185	145	110	55	55
Berber languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	165	125	105	55	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	290	165	125	105	55	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	20	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	5	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	60	60	390	185	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	5	40	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	5	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	80	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	20	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	40	45	195	95	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	40	20	20
Portuguese	5	5	0	30	20	15
Romanian	5	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	60	35	30	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	120	50	70
Chinese languages	5	0	0	115	50	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	90	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	70	35	160	75	85
English and French	15	10	10	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	35	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	70	50	25	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	935	480	455	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	40	20	20	475	260	215
French	300	145	155	750	415	340
Non-official language	130	75	55	160	75	85
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	130	75	55	160	75	85
English and French	45	20	30	370	215	160
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	20	235	105	130
French and non-official language(s)	290	150	145	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	45	30	245	120	120
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	935	480	455	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	800	410	390	2,085	1,110	975
Official languages	505	255	245	1,770	965	805
English	75	40	35	790	430	365
French	430	215	215	980	540	440
Non-official languages	295	155	140	320	145	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	295	155	140	320	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	90	75	55	25	25
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	85	70	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	85	70	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	45	170	80	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	55	25	35
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	15	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	85	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	50	25	20	60	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	65	65	195	100	95
English and French	25	15	10	115	60	55
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	90	45	40	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	935	485	450	2,285	1,215	1,065
None	570	295	275	1,525	825	705
English	40	20	25	255	140	115
French	130	55	70	135	75	60
Non-official language	130	75	60	165	80	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	130	75	60	165	80	90
English and French	30	15	15	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	15	15	5	50	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	80	45	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,060	550	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Official languages	1,030	540	490	2,135	1,120	1,015
English	480	290	190	2,005	1,065	945
French	1,005	535	465	1,750	920	830
Non-official languages	775	440	335	1,185	595	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	775	440	335	1,185	595	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	570	335	235	200	120	80
Berber languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	565	330	235	200	120	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	565	330	235	180	110	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	170	100	70	750	370	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	60	30	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	50	20	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
German	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	145	90	55
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	60	50	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	25	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	65	50	530	250	275
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	105	45	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	35	30
Romanian	0	0	0	50	10	45
Spanish	105	60	45	395	195	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	155	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,060	555	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,055	555	505	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,060	555	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,060	555	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	15	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	435	...	...	905	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	330	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	165	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	280	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	435	...	...	1,280	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	390	...	...	1,365	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
Suitable	355	...	...	1,300	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	90	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	245	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	65	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	275	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	410	...	...	1,375	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
One-maintainer household	285	...	...	920	...	...
Two-maintainer household	155	...	...	465	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	85	...	...	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	135	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	85	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	450	...	...	1,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	345	...	...	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	105	...	...	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	105	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	450	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	220	...	...	515	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	95	...	...	405	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	235	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	455	...	...	1,260	...	...
In core need	80	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	370	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	0.0	...	...	78.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	1,790	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	546,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	435	...	...	905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.0	...	...	38.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	916	...	...	1,616	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,065	555	505	2,150	1,125	1,020
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	25	20	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	25	20	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,055	555	500	2,130	1,110	1,015
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,065	555	505	2,150	1,125	1,025
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	755	390	365	1,570	835	740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	120	145	100	65	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	500	270	230	1,470	770	705
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	305	165	140	580	295	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,065	555	505	2,150	1,125	1,025
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	385	170	220	1,070	555	520
Immigrants⁸¹	575	320	260	685	375	310
Before 1980	30	20	10	20	20	0
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	45	25	25	155	85	70
2001 to 2010	125	70	55	205	110	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	370	195	175	265	145	125
2011 to 2015	245	125	120	120	60	60
2016 to 2021	120	65	55	145	90	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	100	70	30	395	195	200
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	580	320	260	685	375	305
Under 5 years	70	40	30	50	25	25
5 to 14 years	55	35	20	145	60	85
15 to 24 years	65	35	30	115	60	50
25 to 44 years	345	185	160	340	215	125
45 years and over	40	20	25	35	20	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	580	320	260	685	375	305
Americas	75	40	35	95	60	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	50	25	20
Europe	65	35	30	235	130	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	0	95	70	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	50	10	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	40	25	10
Africa	420	225	190	60	35	20
Algeria	180	100	85	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	170	90	80	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	40	25	15	15	0
Asia	20	10	10	290	145	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	95	35	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	35	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	125	65	60	145	85	60
Americas	0	0	0	30	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
France	0	0	0	35	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	120	65	55	0	0	0
Algeria	35	15	15	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	75	45	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,060	550	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
First generation¹⁰⁰	675	385	290	1,115	595	520
Second generation¹⁰¹	245	130	120	405	205	200
Third generation or more¹⁰²	140	40	95	635	330	305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	545	300	255	665	360	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	390	240	150	490	270	220
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	190	140	50	230	150	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	205	105	105	265	125	140
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	30	85	100	45	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	25	10	65	40	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	545	300	255	665	360	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	30	25	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	15	0	95	70	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25	25	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	15	0	60	35	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	255	230	445	205	240
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,060	555	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	670	375	300	860	470	390
South Asian	15	10	10	115	80	35
Chinese	0	0	0	175	80	95
Black	65	30	35	85	50	40
Filipino	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab	500	285	215	130	85	50
Latin American	60	35	30	120	60	65
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	45	25	15
West Asian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	40	25	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	390	180	210	1,295	660	635
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,065	555	505	2,155	1,130	1,025
Canadian	65	35	35	245	130	115
English	10	0	10	95	40	55
Irish	10	10	0	100	50	55
Scottish	10	0	10	80	35	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	20	25	450	250	200
German	0	0	0	70	10	55
Chinese	0	0	0	185	95	90
Italian	10	0	10	125	55	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	50	35	15
Ukrainian	20	20	0	55	30	25
Dutch	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Québécois	50	20	30	105	40	65
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	20	0	20
Filipino	0	0	0	25	10	10
French Canadian	10	0	0	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	10	20	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian	10	0	10	35	10	25
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	10
American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	0	20	20	0
Jewish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	160	75	80	45	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0	50	10	40
Lebanese	15	10	0	25	10	15
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	25	15	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	10	10	15	0	10
Moroccan	180	110	70	45	30	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	205	125	80	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	15	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber	50	25	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	25	15	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,060	555	510	2,155	1,130	1,025
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	10	10
Christian	280	125	155	850	400	450
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	70	25	40	130	60	65
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	155	70	90	575	280	300
Christian Orthodox	20	15	10	100	30	70
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	10	0	15	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	40	25	20
Jewish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Muslim	645	355	295	185	120	65
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	130	70	60	1,005	550	455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,025	535	485	2,110	1,100	1,010
Non-movers	940	495	440	1,290	675	615
Movers	85	45	45	820	430	390
Non-migrants	80	45	40	550	275	275
Migrants	0	0	0	270	150	110
Internal migrants	0	0	0	190	110	75
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	45	40
External migrants	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	920	490	430	2,065	1,075	990
Non-movers	430	185	240	340	190	155
Movers	490	300	190	1,730	890	835
Non-migrants	270	175	100	680	345	335
Migrants	220	130	90	1,045	545	505
Internal migrants	35	20	20	625	325	290
Intraprovincial migrants	35	20	20	450	240	210
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	170	85	85
External migrants	185	115	70	425	210	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	785	415	365	2,050	1,065	990
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	75	80	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	620	340	280	2,015	1,045	970
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	610	345	270	1,665	885	785
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	75	50	30	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	535	295	240	1,660	875	775
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	780	420	365	2,055	1,065	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	55	65	35	15	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	95	35	60	180	115	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	560	320	240	1,835	935	900
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	180	110	405	220	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	65	45	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	30	30	25	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	35	15	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	140	95	45	290	150	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	25	80	50	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	275	145	130	1,430	715	720
Bachelor's degree	165	80	90	790	390	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	25	15	120	40	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Master's degree	60	40	20	435	255	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	65	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	610	345	265	1,670	880	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	35	20	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	25	40	135	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	490	280	210	1,530	795	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	155	95	305	165	140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	55	35	30	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	30	25	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	25	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	85	40	210	100	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	20	70	50	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	245	130	115	1,220	630	595
Bachelor's degree	140	60	75	650	325	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	15	100	35	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	0	25
Master's degree	60	40	20	405	240	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	50	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	780	415	370	2,055	1,060	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	220	100	120	215	125	85
Education	25	0	25	30	0	25
13. Education	25	0	25	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	180	85	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	55	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	130	55	70
Humanities	35	25	10	95	25	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	50	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	25	30	280	100	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	35	20	15	105	50	60
Business, management and public administration	175	85	95	620	345	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175	85	90	605	335	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30	70	20	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	25	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	35	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	45	10	110	75	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	35	0	90	65	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	90	80	0	265	195	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	25	20	0	195	145	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	40	0	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	10	30	135	40	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	25	115	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	0	40	30	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	10	0	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	615	345	270	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	60	60	135	85	50
Education	20	0	20	20	0	20
13. Education	20	0	20	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	170	80	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	45	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	115	55	60
Humanities	20	10	0	80	20	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	25	210	80	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	55	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	155	85	75	530	295	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	155	85	70	520	285	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	10	100	65	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	10	85	65	20
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	80	75	0	240	185	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	15
14. Engineering	20	20	0	185	135	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	35	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	10	30	105	30	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	25	85	25	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	20	0	30	25	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	10	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	615	345	270	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	120	60	60	135	85	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	490	285	210	1,530	795	730
Location of study inside Canada	245	150	90	1,000	525	475
Same as province or territory of residence	240	150	85	875	465	410
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	125	60	65
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	245	130	120	525	270	255
Americas	20	0	15	140	75	70
United States of America	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	20	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	10	0	0
Europe	35	25	10	275	145	130
Belgium	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	15	0	185	95	90
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	190	95	90	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	115	55	50	0	0	0
Morocco	50	25	30	10	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	85	40	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	780	420	365	2,055	1,065	990
In the labour force	510	325	185	1,710	945	765
Employed	465	310	155	1,605	875	730
Unemployed	50	15	35	105	70	30
Not in the labour force	275	95	180	340	120	225
Participation rate	65.4	77.4	50.7	83.2	88.7	77.3
Employment rate	59.6	73.8	42.5	78.1	82.2	73.7
Unemployment rate	9.8	4.6	18.9	6.1	7.4	3.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	780	415	365	2,055	1,060	990
Did not work¹⁸⁶	290	85	205	320	130	190
Worked	490	330	160	1,730	930	800
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	200	145	55	1,060	600	465
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	290	180	105	670	335	335
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.4	38.7	34.6	42.9	43.6	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	515	320	190	1,710	945	765
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	25	20	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	485	315	170	1,680	925	760
Employee	450	285	160	1,440	785	655
Permanent position	360	240	120	1,230	705	520
Temporary position	85	45	35	215	80	135
Fixed term (1 year or more)	50	30	20	115	65	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	40	20	15	95	15	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	30	0	235	140	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	515	320	190	1,710	945	765
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	25	20	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	485	315	170	1,680	925	760
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	45	25	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	25	40	470	260	210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	65	55	0	300	240	65
3 Health occupations	40	15	30	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	0	35	150	45	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	200	120	80
6 Sales and service occupations	150	100	55	330	175	155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	80	80	0	55	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	25	10	45	20	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	515	320	190	1,710	945	765
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	25	20	10
All industries¹⁹¹	485	315	170	1,680	925	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	15	15	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	35	35	0	50	30	20
31-33 Manufacturing	50	35	15	80	35	45
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	30	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	35	20	15	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	30	0	60	45	20
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	190	130	60
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	0	250	155	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	45	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	40	10	425	255	175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	25	15	60	35	20
61 Educational services	40	10	25	120	55	65
62 Health care and social assistance	105	45	60	105	10	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	45	35	15
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	45	30	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	15	0	15
91 Public administration	25	15	10	45	20	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	545	350	190	1,810	980	830
English	20	15	10	485	275	210
French	365	245	120	370	175	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	145	85	55	885	500	390
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	30	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	545	350	190	1,810	980	830
Single responses	520	330	190	1,555	860	700
Official languages	510	330	185	1,540	860	685
English	45	30	15	780	440	340
French	465	305	165	765	415	340
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	20	0	255	125	135
English and French	20	20	0	235	105	130
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	545	350	190	1,810	980	830
None	410	275	135	1,110	575	540
English	95	55	40	380	235	145
French	25	15	10	275	150	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	460	310	155	1,605	875	730
Worked at home	60	45	15	915	515	390
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	70	55	15	80	55	30
Usual place of work	335	205	130	610	305	310
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	335	205	130	610	305	310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	300	175	125	500	240	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	40	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	25	0	70	35	40
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	405	265	140	695	355	335
Car, truck or van	195	160	40	240	120	115
Car, truck or van - as a driver	180	150	25	225	120	105
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	10	15	0	10
Public transit	175	80	100	145	60	85
Walked	20	15	0	300	165	135
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	10	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	405	265	140	695	355	335
Less than 15 minutes	55	40	15	160	75	85
15 to 29 minutes	100	65	40	305	160	150
30 to 44 minutes	135	90	45	155	80	75
45 to 59 minutes	70	45	25	55	30	25
60 minutes and over	40	25	20	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	405	265	140	695	355	335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	65	45	25	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	105	70	35	170	90	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	35	30	270	135	135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	30	35	160	65	95
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80	65	15	40	35	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	230	115	120	155	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	15	55	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	105	105	100	50	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	130	55	75	60	35	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	15	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	15	30	20	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	50	60	30	15	15

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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