Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660209More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660954More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24661616More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	366	...	...	452	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	652	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	153	...	...	216	...	...	976,966	...	...	265	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	153	...	...	204	...	...	910,359	...	...	248	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	870.2	...	...	2,804.0	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	28,471.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.42	...	...	0.16	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	370	180	185	455	225	225	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	655	345	305
0 to 14 years	85	50	35	55	30	30	309,765	158,545	151,225	120	55	65
0 to 4 years	25	15	15	15	10	5	99,195	50,760	48,435	40	20	20
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	20	10	10	106,985	54,660	52,320	45	20	25
10 to 14 years	25	20	10	15	10	10	103,590	53,120	50,470	40	15	20
15 to 64 years	205	100	105	275	145	135	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	455	250	205
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	30	15	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	30	20	15
20 to 24 years	20	5	10	25	10	15	140,025	70,895	69,125	70	35	30
25 to 29 years	15	10	5	25	15	10	165,525	83,630	81,895	60	25	30
30 to 34 years	20	10	15	30	15	10	157,725	78,995	78,730	45	20	25
35 to 39 years	15	5	10	25	10	15	149,265	74,115	75,155	60	35	25
40 to 44 years	25	10	15	30	15	15	142,365	70,920	71,445	55	30	20
45 to 49 years	20	10	10	30	10	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	40	25	20
50 to 54 years	25	20	10	25	10	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	30	10	15
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	35	25	15	125,465	63,810	61,655	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	30	10	15	25	15	15	118,065	57,920	60,140	40	25	10
65 years and over	80	35	45	125	60	65	351,325	151,210	200,120	70	40	35
65 to 69 years	20	10	10	40	20	25	99,325	46,730	52,595	15	10	10
70 to 74 years	20	10	15	35	15	15	86,030	39,185	46,845	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	15	5	5	20	10	10	63,215	27,320	35,895	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	20	5	10	46,875	18,960	27,915	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	5	0	15	10	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	15	10	5	33,210	12,200	21,010	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.0	27.8	18.9	12.1	13.3	13.3	15.5	16.1	14.8	18.3	15.9	21.3
15 to 64 years	55.4	55.6	56.8	60.4	64.4	60.0	67.0	68.5	65.6	69.5	72.5	67.2
65 years and over	21.6	19.4	24.3	27.5	26.7	28.9	17.5	15.4	19.6	10.7	11.6	11.5
85 years and over	1.4	2.8	0.0	3.3	4.4	2.2	2.8	1.9	3.6	1.5	1.4	1.6
Average age of the population	42.0	40.2	43.8	46.1	45.4	46.6	41.0	39.8	42.1	36.7	37.6	35.6
Median age of the population	44.0	43.2	44.4	46.8	47.6	46.8	39.6	38.4	40.4	35.2	36.8	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	155	...	...	205	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	35	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	165	...	...	110,440	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	135	...	...	0	...	...	479,885	...	...	235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	150	...	...	205	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	75	...	...	367,400	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	60	...	...	271,730	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	30	...	...	118,205	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	20	...	...	98,205	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	10	...	...	54,820	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	370	185	185	455	225	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	650	345	310
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	285	135	150	400	200	200	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	530	290	240
Married or living common-law	165	80	80	205	100	100	822,440	414,330	408,115	290	150	140
Married	130	65	65	170	85	85	577,060	289,455	287,600	260	135	125
Living common-law	35	20	20	35	20	15	245,385	124,870	120,510	25	15	10
Living common law - Never married	25	15	10	25	15	15	207,040	104,785	102,250	25	15	10
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	10	5	0	32,295	16,915	15,380	0	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	120	55	65	195	95	100	872,060	410,935	461,125	245	135	105
Not married and not living common law - Never married	75	45	30	140	70	65	627,845	333,150	294,700	165	100	65
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	0	5	0	0	34,795	14,820	19,975	25	15	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	10	15	25	10	10	126,605	46,380	80,225	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	30	5	20	82,815	16,590	66,225	20	10	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	105	...	...	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	160	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	65	...	...	251,075	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	107,265	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	93,300	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	160	...	...
Total couple families	80	...	...	100	...	...	395,645	...	...	130	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	85	...	...	273,070	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	45	...	...	162,745	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	40	...	...	110,325	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	20	...	...	122,570	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	5	...	...	44,875	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	15	...	...	77,700	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	20	...	...	99,805	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	15	...	...	80,530	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	0	...	...	19,275	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	650	345	310
Total - Persons in census families	300	160	140	345	170	180	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	485	240	245
Married spouses or common-law partners	155	75	75	200	100	100	791,280	398,495	392,785	255	125	125
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	25	0	20	99,805	19,275	80,525	35	10	25
Children⁶	125	75	45	120	60	60	541,905	284,935	256,965	200	105	95
In a two-parent family	85	55	35	95	45	45	392,250	205,155	187,095	155	80	75
In a one-parent family	40	25	15	30	15	10	149,655	79,785	69,865	45	20	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	65	25	40	110	60	45	526,370	262,915	263,450	165	105	60
Living alone	45	15	30	75	45	30	367,395	175,660	191,740	60	40	25
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	15	5	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	30	20	15
Living with non-relatives only	10	5	0	20	10	5	109,690	65,235	44,455	70	45	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	150	...	...	200	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	115	...	...	455,970	...	...	135	...	...
Couple-family households	75	...	...	95	...	...	370,250	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	45	...	...	194,165	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	45	...	...	176,085	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	20	...	...	85,720	...	...	25	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	10	...	...	55,210	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	75	...	...	367,395	...	...	65	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	285	140	145	400	200	200	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	530	290	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	130	145	385	190	195	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	505	275	235
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	39,600	34,400	37,200	41,600	35,600	37,600	39,600	36,000	25,000	26,600	23,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	130	145	385	190	195	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	505	275	235
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	35,600	32,400	34,400	36,400	31,400	34,000	35,200	32,800	23,600	25,200	22,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	120	115	350	175	175	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	390	225	165
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,800	28,200	25,600	27,400	35,200	21,000	31,000	35,200	27,000	17,200	18,600	12,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185	95	90	265	135	125	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	335	200	140
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	32,800	27,800	32,000	37,600	26,600	32,800	36,000	29,600	19,800	21,600	16,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	245	115	130	330	160	170	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	475	255	225
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,400	10,800	17,400	11,800	10,100	12,600	10,800	9,600	12,000	10,500	10,100	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	20	20	35	20	20	171,705	84,570	87,145	75	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,080	5,480	x	5,040	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,480	5,480	4,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	45	45	120	65	55	529,640	276,110	253,530	210	125	85
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	7,750	6,500	6,500	6,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	285	130	150	420	225	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	475	255	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	120	145	395	210	185	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	460	250	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,000	34,500	53,600	46,400	62,000	53,250	60,050	46,760	30,900	33,600	27,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	120	145	395	210	185	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	460	250	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,000	31,600	41,800	38,400	45,600	42,520	46,280	38,960	28,000	30,000	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	230	115	115	370	190	180	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	395	230	165
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	38,500	23,600	46,000	40,400	51,600	48,960	57,350	40,640	21,900	24,800	17,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	175	90	95	275	140	130	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	345	200	150
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,000	24,000	48,800	39,500	58,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	23,400	27,200	18,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	110	140	345	170	170	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	435	225	210
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,100	13,200	16,400	12,560	12,300	12,800	12,040	10,900	13,040	13,000	12,200	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50	25	25	30	0	20	171,360	84,435	86,925	95	50	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,600	6,800	9,000	...	10,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	5,900	6,800	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	95	60	40	125	60	65	528,305	276,300	252,005	240	130	110
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,400	8,800	8,600	8,800	8,400	9,110	9,140	9,070	8,600	8,400	9,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	280	130	150	420	225	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	255	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	55	35	20	110	55	55	514,340	278,505	235,830	95	55	40
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	65,500	x	48,800	64,500	42,800	60,000	63,600	56,000	33,600	36,400	30,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,000	76,000	28,000	94,000	72,000	112,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	42,000	48,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	45	70	105	65	45	504,455	247,565	256,895	185	95	85
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	15,500	25,200	8,000	12,600	5,280	16,400	17,400	15,500	13,000	17,200	9,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	19,000	24,000	19,200	22,000	14,800	26,920	29,400	24,520	16,400	19,200	13,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	65.0	76.0	54.0	79.5	78.0	82.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	60.4	67.0	50.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	53.0	62.0	44.0	62.0	58.0	66.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	57.6	65.0	46.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	34.5	25.0	46.0	20.4	22.0	18.8	18.9	14.4	24.4	39.6	33.0	50.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	1.2	x	1.6	1.4	1.1	1.7	3.9	4.0	4.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.2	9.2	9.2	5.6	5.8	5.4	6.4	5.9	7.0	16.0	14.2	18.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.8	8.0	7.2	5.0	5.2	4.8	5.7	5.4	6.0	14.4	12.8	16.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	285	135	150	400	200	200	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	530	290	240
Without total income	10	10	5	20	10	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	25	15	10
With total income	275	130	145	380	190	190	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	505	275	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	5	10	25	15	15	138,250	65,670	72,580	75	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	20	10	10	45	15	30	200,450	93,060	107,390	105	55	50
$20,000 to $29,999	60	20	40	55	20	40	286,825	131,235	155,595	130	75	60
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	25	70	45	30	215,455	102,705	112,755	85	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	30	20	15	50	25	30	181,505	86,460	95,040	55	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	30	20	15	138,185	64,805	73,380	30	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	25	10	10	100,060	48,510	51,550	15	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	20	10	10	74,165	37,625	36,540	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	5	0	5	58,400	30,060	28,335	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	15	15	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	15	15	0	30	25	10	149,555	92,680	56,875	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	10	10	0	25	20	5	90,980	53,275	37,705	0	0	0
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	5	5	5	58,575	39,405	19,170	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	285	135	150	400	200	200	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	530	290	240
Without after-tax income	10	10	5	20	10	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	25	15	10
With after-tax income	275	130	145	380	190	190	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	505	275	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	5	10	30	15	15	144,275	67,955	76,320	75	35	40
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	45	15	30	210,975	98,495	112,480	105	60	50
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	40	85	35	45	334,395	155,845	178,545	150	85	65
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	30	75	40	35	257,145	124,835	132,315	90	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	60	25	30	204,980	97,805	107,175	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	30	15	15	139,760	67,315	72,450	25	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	20	10	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	5	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	20	15	5	61,765	31,815	29,945	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	10	5	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	5	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	15	5	5	73,695	48,025	25,665	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	5	5	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	285	135	150	400	200	200	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	530	290	240
Without employment income	100	40	60	135	65	70	495,060	212,405	282,660	195	90	105
With employment income	185	100	85	265	140	125	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	340	200	135
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30	15	20	35	15	20	167,560	82,405	85,155	55	30	25
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	10	20	10	15	111,575	52,975	58,595	60	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	20	10	15	30	10	20	151,350	72,815	78,530	60	40	25
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	20	30	15	15	116,030	56,295	59,730	50	30	20
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	30	15	10	108,120	55,225	52,890	45	30	15
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	15	25	10	10	104,250	51,950	52,300	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	5	20	10	5	84,485	42,940	41,540	20	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	15	10	5	66,190	35,045	31,145	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	15	10	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	10	5	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	20	15	10	115,575	74,545	41,030	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	10	10	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	10	5	5	68,050	45,675	22,375	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	285	140	145	400	200	200	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	530	290	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	275	130	140	385	190	190	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	480	255	225
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,400	32,000	37,200	39,200	33,600	34,000	36,400	31,800	20,400	22,400	19,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	275	130	140	385	190	190	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	480	255	225
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	32,800	30,000	32,800	34,400	30,200	31,000	32,800	29,400	20,200	21,800	19,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	245	120	125	350	180	170	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	365	215	155
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	32,000	25,800	30,000	36,000	26,800	32,000	36,000	28,200	19,600	23,200	16,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	190	95	95	270	140	130	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	320	195	125
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	33,600	26,600	33,600	39,600	27,800	33,600	36,800	30,400	20,400	23,200	18,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	225	100	125	305	145	165	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	430	235	205
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	3,800	13,800	7,500	6,040	9,100	4,440	2,760	7,300	5,120	3,560	7,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	15	10	40	20	10	114,940	56,080	58,855	45	25	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	x	x	5,160	5,080	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,480	5,400	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	285	130	150	420	225	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	475	255	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	120	150	400	210	185	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	425	225	200
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	32,500	55,200	42,800	69,500	50,000	57,050	43,280	26,800	30,600	22,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	120	150	400	210	185	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	425	225	200
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	33,000	29,600	41,200	35,200	48,000	39,800	43,800	35,920	24,500	27,200	21,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	230	100	125	370	195	175	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	345	200	150
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	41,000	24,400	52,000	39,200	66,000	49,080	57,750	40,560	23,600	27,000	19,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	175	75	100	280	140	140	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	300	175	125
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	44,000	23,600	57,600	43,000	72,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	25,200	29,000	20,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	240	115	130	325	170	155	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	390	215	175
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	6,900	13,400	8,920	8,700	9,200	8,250	6,740	9,510	8,440	7,150	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	15	0	30	0	15	114,595	55,675	58,915	60	30	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	5,000	...	4,400	...	4,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	5,400	6,000	4,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	280	130	150	420	225	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	255	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	55	35	20	110	55	55	507,645	274,575	233,070	80	45	35
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,800	64,500	x	47,200	61,600	44,400	54,400	58,400	50,400	31,400	37,600	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,000	76,000	28,000	112,000	70,000	152,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	37,000	42,000	30,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	105	35	70	95	60	40	462,020	227,495	234,530	155	90	70
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	12,800	26,200	24,600	24,800	11,000	21,800	23,200	20,400	16,600	23,600	12,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	20,000	24,000	24,400	31,000	14,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	20,400	20,800	19,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	74.0	84.0	64.0	87.0	84.0	88.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	71.5	78.0	62.0
Employment income (%)	59.0	68.0	48.0	73.0	66.0	78.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	65.0	72.0	56.0
Government transfers (%)	26.0	16.0	36.0	13.1	15.8	11.2	12.8	8.6	18.2	28.4	22.0	38.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	1.6	x	0.6	x	0.6	1.1	0.8	1.6	2.8	2.8	3.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	150	...	...	205	...	...	910,355	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	66,500	...	...	66,000	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	59,600	...	...	58,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	75	...	...	367,395	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	36,400	...	...	38,000	...	...	21,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	32,800	...	...	34,000	...	...	21,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	105	...	...	130	...	...	542,960	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	92,700	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	74,100	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	75	...	...	367,255	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,000	...	...	46,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	29,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	39,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	26,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	135	...	...	543,100	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	150	...	...	205	...	...	910,355	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25,730	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	57,720	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	41,160	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	40,595	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	41,545	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	42,630	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	75,485	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	67,695	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	60,495	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	54,055	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	45,830	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	65	...	...	270,265	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	85,635	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	56,205	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	62,095	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	15	...	...	66,335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	150	...	...	205	...	...	910,355	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	17,965	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	27,485	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	63,030	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	49,660	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	48,815	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	51,055	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	50,890	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	47,120	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	85,490	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	75,625	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	65,530	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	54,850	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	55	...	...	197,490	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	78,870	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	45,905	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	20	...	...	72,715	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	100	...	...	125	...	...	501,830	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	95,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	45	...	...	179,195	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	67,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	50	...	...	208,260	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	152,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	20	...	...	95,875	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	76,500	...	...	65,500	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	59,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	55	20	35	95	55	35	477,085	240,895	236,195	130	85	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	x	31,000	32,800	35,600	27,600	34,400	34,800	34,000	21,600	21,400	22,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	x	27,800	30,200	31,400	27,400	31,200	31,200	31,200	21,400	21,200	21,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	90	...	...	135	...	...	501,905	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	50	...	...	179,455	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	60	...	...	208,375	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	190,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	0	...	...	95,455	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	...	...	...	78,200	...	...	44,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	x	...	...	67,100	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	70	25	45	75	60	15	476,520	240,280	236,245	115	80	35
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,000	40,000	30,000	46,000	54,000	x	45,520	46,520	44,560	29,200	28,000	34,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	36,000	27,000	39,000	44,000	x	37,600	37,920	37,280	26,000	24,000	30,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	370	180	185	455	225	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	655	345	305
0 to 17 years	95	50	40	70	35	30	365,020	186,710	178,315	135	65	70
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	15	15	10	120,615	61,615	58,995	50	25	30
18 to 64 years	200	95	105	260	135	130	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	445	240	205
65 years and over	80	35	45	125	60	65	317,425	140,270	177,155	75	40	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	15	25	40	20	20	321,885	154,370	167,510	180	95	90
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	5	0	5	54,265	27,870	26,395	35	20	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	20	5	15	20	15	10	197,020	99,310	97,710	115	60	55
65 years and over	10	5	10	15	5	10	70,600	27,185	43,415	25	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.8	8.0	14.0	8.5	8.0	9.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	27.6	27.2	28.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	8.0	x	x	x	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	26.0	28.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	16.0	16.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	6.0	10.0	7.6	8.0	8.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	26.4	26.0	27.0
65 years and over (%)	18.0	12.0	24.0	12.0	10.0	12.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	36.0	40.0	36.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	650	345	310
0 to 17 years	90	55	40	65	40	30	365,025	186,705	178,315	135	65	65
0 to 5 years	30	15	10	20	10	5	120,610	61,615	58,995	50	25	30
18 to 64 years	195	90	100	265	135	125	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	445	240	205
65 years and over	75	35	45	125	55	70	317,425	140,265	177,155	70	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	10	15	25	15	10	213,720	108,905	104,815	125	75	50
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	5	5	5	15	10	10	153,385	81,765	71,620	90	55	40
65 years and over	5	0	5	5	5	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	4.0	8.0	4.8	5.0	5.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	19.2	22.0	16.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	16.0	20.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	16.0	16.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	x	6.0	6.0	5.0	8.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	20.4	23.0	18.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	12.0	4.0	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	18.0	16.0	16.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	370	180	185	455	225	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	655	345	305
In bottom half of the distribution	245	115	135	275	130	140	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	580	300	275
In bottom decile	35	10	25	35	15	20	298,540	147,890	150,655	170	95	75
In second decile	50	25	30	50	30	20	244,435	115,985	128,450	115	60	60
In third decile	60	30	35	75	35	40	240,895	116,550	124,345	120	65	50
In fourth decile	70	30	30	45	20	20	218,125	105,885	112,240	110	60	55
In fifth decile	35	15	15	65	25	40	194,765	95,185	99,580	60	25	35
In top half of the distribution	120	70	55	185	95	85	762,590	384,140	378,450	70	40	35
In sixth decile	25	15	5	25	15	10	172,200	85,100	87,095	35	15	15
In seventh decile	25	15	10	25	10	10	156,540	78,290	78,250	20	15	5
In eighth decile	40	20	15	55	30	20	144,120	72,600	71,525	0	0	0
In ninth decile	10	5	0	50	25	25	134,265	68,285	65,980	0	0	0
In top decile	20	15	10	30	10	15	155,465	79,870	75,595	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	365	...	...	450	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	650	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.326	...	...	0.350	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.264	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.490	...	...	0.482	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.287	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.239	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	650	345	310
English only	25	15	5	80	40	40	262,290	133,690	128,600	265	155	110
French only	140	60	85	40	15	25	486,845	221,005	265,840	80	40	40
English and French	195	105	90	315	160	150	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	245	130	120
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	20	10	10	45,860	18,340	27,520	60	25	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	650	345	310
English	80	40	35	290	145	145	605,220	303,380	301,835	365	200	160
French	245	115	125	110	55	60	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	130	70	60
English and French	40	20	20	35	20	15	173,785	88,480	85,300	100	45	50
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	20	10	10	44,430	17,640	26,790	60	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	650	345	310
Single responses	350	175	175	430	220	210	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	585	310	275
Official languages	165	85	80	245	130	115	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	150	80	75
English	35	20	15	175	95	80	322,315	162,085	160,230	80	40	40
French	130	65	70	70	35	30	870,975	428,435	442,540	65	40	30
Non-official languages	185	90	90	180	85	100	643,275	311,525	331,750	440	235	205
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	90	90	180	85	100	642,820	311,370	331,445	440	235	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	15	5	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	20	5	10
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	15	5	10	112,200	59,320	52,880	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	15	5	10	107,605	56,960	50,645	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	37,690	16,985	20,705	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	35	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	45	55	155	75	80	329,415	158,980	170,435	355	195	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5	37,235	16,405	20,835	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5	5	0	5	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	50	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	68,600	36,145	32,455	275	155	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	48,035	25,870	22,165	265	150	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	45	25	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	5	15	18,260	10,100	8,160	130	80	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	10	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	115	50	60	183,755	87,295	96,460	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	30	95	45	50	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	5	0	5	5	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	20	10	5	10	85,395	41,150	44,250	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	5	5	5	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	25	10	15	143,450	71,980	71,470	65	35	35
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	5	5	32,265	15,955	16,310	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	5	5	0	47,185	23,615	23,570	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	650	345	310
English	50	25	25	185	100	90	340,470	170,050	170,425	55	25	30
French	115	60	55	65	30	30	779,125	383,000	396,125	70	40	35
Non-official language	45	20	25	45	20	25	204,395	96,705	107,690	210	105	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	45	20	25	204,315	96,670	107,645	210	105	100
English and French	20	10	5	40	20	20	173,135	89,205	83,935	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	50	20	25	135,390	66,995	68,400	185	105	85
French and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	20	10	15	180,900	85,935	94,965	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	50	30	20	154,470	76,450	78,020	60	30	35
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	20	15	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	365	185	185	450	230	225	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	650	345	310
Single responses	330	170	160	420	215	205	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	575	305	270
Official languages	230	120	110	345	180	165	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	215	115	105
English	75	35	35	265	140	125	479,850	239,270	240,580	120	60	60
French	160	85	70	80	40	35	956,130	471,155	484,975	95	50	45
Non-official languages	100	50	50	80	35	40	370,290	177,955	192,335	355	190	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	50	50	80	35	40	370,125	177,895	192,235	355	190	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	10	5	10	66,095	34,080	32,015	10	5	5
Berber languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	10	5	10	58,585	30,100	28,490	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	10	5	10	56,520	29,075	27,445	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	5	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	30	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	25	55	30	30	188,550	90,370	98,185	300	165	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	5	0	5	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	5	5	0	5	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	35	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	50,680	26,200	24,485	245	140	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	35,595	18,850	16,750	235	135	100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	35	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	15	10	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	14,920	8,220	6,695	130	75	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	35	15	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	30	10	10	22,105	9,270	12,835	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	10	10	5	5	54,335	26,035	28,300	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	5	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	35	15	20	173,745	85,640	88,110	80	40	35
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	0	53,305	27,065	26,240	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	39,365	19,140	20,225	45	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0	0	0	57,355	27,790	29,565	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	10	5	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	10	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	370	185	185	455	225	225	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	650	345	310
None	235	115	120	325	165	160	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	395	210	190
English	25	15	10	15	5	5	131,630	67,290	64,340	85	45	35
French	45	25	25	40	20	25	126,780	62,180	64,600	20	5	10
Non-official language	45	25	20	35	20	15	144,335	69,210	75,130	75	45	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20	35	20	15	144,155	69,135	75,015	75	45	30
English and French	5	0	5	10	5	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	25	15	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	25	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	25	10	15	33,620	16,170	17,450	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	365	175	185	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	585	300	285
Official languages	360	175	185	465	250	210	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	535	280	250
English	175	95	75	420	240	185	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	450	245	205
French	335	155	180	400	220	180	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	305	135	165
Non-official languages	270	135	130	250	145	110	971,455	471,755	499,700	510	270	240
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	135	130	250	145	110	970,710	471,495	499,220	510	270	240
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	60	85	25	10	10	217,295	113,605	103,690	45	25	25
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	55	80	25	10	10	205,120	107,210	97,905	45	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	130	55	80	25	10	10	188,115	98,545	89,565	45	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	10	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	10	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	60	40	175	95	80	514,485	250,190	264,295	390	215	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	60	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	300	170	130
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	300	170	130
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	85	45	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	15	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	95	50	45
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	160	85	65
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	45	40	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	55	35	125	70	55	324,695	154,360	170,340	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	50	30	20	110	60	55	107,285	51,300	55,985	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0
Spanish	45	30	20	20	15	10	193,835	91,345	102,490	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	10	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	580	300	285
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	360	175	190	475	255	220	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	580	295	285
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	580	300	285
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	580	300	285
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Owner	25	...	...	125	...	...	360,125	...	...	40	...	...
Renter	130	...	...	85	...	...	550,240	...	...	205	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	10	...	...	192,985	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	150	...	...	200	...	...	717,375	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	30	...	...	30	...	...	267,715	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	85	...	...	15	...	...	303,875	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	20	...	...	145	...	...	220,945	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	25	...	...	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	115	...	...	45	...	...	501,570	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	20	...	...	80	...	...	166,230	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	40	...	...	78,495	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	35	...	...	105,210	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	5.6	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
One person or fewer per room	150	...	...	205	...	...	881,730	...	...	230	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Suitable	140	...	...	200	...	...	834,885	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	10	...	...	75,475	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	35	...	...	325,005	...	...	85	...	...
1961 to 1980	85	...	...	145	...	...	282,605	...	...	125	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	25	...	...	101,185	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	0	...	...	63,765	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	150	...	...	195	...	...	833,540	...	...	215	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	20	...	...	76,815	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
One-maintainer household	105	...	...	120	...	...	543,605	...	...	135	...	...
Two-maintainer household	50	...	...	70	...	...	333,140	...	...	85	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	20	...	...	162,375	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	30	...	...	171,535	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	35	...	...	155,520	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	50	...	...	156,865	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	40	...	...	122,825	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	35	...	...	70,345	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	15	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	155	...	...	205	...	...	902,485	...	...	240	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	110	...	...	165	...	...	686,075	...	...	180	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	40	...	...	216,410	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	30	...	...	189,795	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	155	...	...	210	...	...	910,360	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	50	...	...	330,635	...	...	130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	40	...	...	25	...	...	186,350	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	0	...	...	56,480	...	...	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	10	...	...	50,745	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	90	...	...	160	...	...	579,720	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	150	...	...	195	...	...	875,865	...	...	240	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	0	...	...	87,945	...	...	40	...	...
Not in core need	125	...	...	180	...	...	787,925	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	125	...	...	360,120	...	...	40	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	0.0	...	...	40.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	37.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,180	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,400	...	...	1,500	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...	700,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	670,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	85	...	...	550,235	...	...	200	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.8	...	...	23.5	...	...	28.4	...	...	22.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	780	...	...	890	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	840	...	...	987	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	365	175	190	475	255	220	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	580	295	285
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	10	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	10	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	365	175	190	470	250	220	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	580	295	285
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	365	170	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	580	295	285
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	320	165	155	445	245	205	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	350	160	185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	75	50	25	70	40	30	322,965	164,980	157,985	80	30	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	245	115	130	380	205	175	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	265	135	135
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	40	10	30	30	15	15	313,410	160,530	152,885	235	135	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	365	170	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	580	295	285
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	170	85	85	295	160	135	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	170	75	90
Immigrants⁸¹	195	90	100	180	95	85	652,730	313,955	338,770	315	165	155
Before 1980	35	15	15	90	60	30	108,265	50,530	57,735	45	20	25
1980 to 1990	15	15	0	0	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	15	15	0
1991 to 2000	25	20	10	25	10	20	106,810	50,520	56,290	60	30	30
2001 to 2010	45	20	25	40	20	25	154,780	74,520	80,255	35	20	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	20	50	25	10	15	213,175	104,225	108,950	155	80	75
2011 to 2015	40	10	30	10	0	10	99,070	48,005	51,065	55	25	30
2016 to 2021	30	10	20	15	10	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	100	55	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	100	60	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	190	90	105	180	100	85	652,725	313,955	338,770	310	160	150
Under 5 years	10	0	0	20	10	10	52,990	26,810	26,180	15	0	0
5 to 14 years	20	0	10	45	25	20	103,285	51,965	51,320	30	20	15
15 to 24 years	25	25	0	35	25	10	118,475	53,035	65,440	95	20	70
25 to 44 years	115	40	75	60	25	30	326,320	158,620	167,700	155	105	45
45 years and over	25	10	10	20	10	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	25	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	190	90	105	180	100	85	652,725	313,955	338,770	310	160	150
Americas	55	30	25	30	10	20	137,955	63,465	74,485	25	10	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	15	15	10	10	33,410	15,245	18,160	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	10	80	45	30	158,795	76,610	82,190	40	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	25	10	15
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	10	35	20	10	32,485	15,325	17,165	15	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	10	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0
Africa	95	40	60	45	20	20	152,205	77,515	74,690	45	20	25
Algeria	70	30	40	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	20	10	15	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	10	10	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	40	10	25
Asia	25	10	10	30	20	10	202,715	95,775	106,935	205	115	90
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	10	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	65	30	30
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	60	35	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	30	20	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	10	20	10	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	105	60	45
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	15	0	15
Algeria	25	10	20	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	90	60	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	15	10	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	45	35	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	585	300	285
First generation¹⁰⁰	200	95	110	190	100	85	813,905	400,325	413,580	420	225	190
Second generation¹⁰¹	100	60	45	155	85	70	424,225	212,755	211,475	130	55	75
Third generation or more¹⁰²	60	20	45	135	70	65	721,230	352,590	368,630	30	10	20
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	160	70	90	95	40	55	544,455	263,425	281,040	270	140	125
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	55	55	60	25	35	303,105	155,090	148,020	70	40	35
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	55	25	25	20	10	15	151,015	87,200	63,815	50	25	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	25	30	40	20	20	152,090	67,890	84,205	20	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	15	30	35	10	20	146,645	59,645	87,000	105	40	60
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	85	65	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	10	0	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	160	70	90	95	40	55	544,455	263,425	281,040	270	140	125
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	20	15	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	50	35	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	10	0	10	56,685	26,490	30,195	25	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	60	80	55	20	35	387,815	184,015	203,795	185	90	100
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	585	300	285
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	210	95	115	205	105	105	737,510	363,785	373,725	450	240	205
South Asian	0	0	0	30	15	10	91,370	48,660	42,710	325	190	140
Chinese	0	0	0	45	25	20	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0
Black	45	15	30	110	50	60	208,805	101,125	107,680	55	20	35
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	10	0	10
Arab	125	55	70	20	10	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	35	20	20
Latin American	20	10	10	0	0	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	160	80	75	275	155	120	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	135	55	75
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	365	170	185	480	260	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	580	295	285
Canadian	25	10	20	60	35	30	241,015	115,880	125,135	15	10	0
English	0	0	0	20	0	10	59,710	30,025	29,685	10	0	10
Irish	0	0	0	30	20	10	102,325	48,885	53,440	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0	15	10	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	25	0	20	40	20	20	336,880	169,710	167,170	10	0	10
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	40	25	15	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	145	80	65	156,025	76,485	79,535	15	0	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	25	15	15	44,170	23,435	20,735	90	40	50
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	15	10	33,540	16,340	17,200	15	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	15	15	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	15	0	10
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,400	31,740	34,655	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	15	10	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	50	40	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	15	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	20	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	60	45	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	25	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	65	30	35
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	10	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	20	10	10
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	20	10	10	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	30	20	10
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	25	20	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	75	40	35
Algerian	70	40	30	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	25	10	15	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	65	35	30	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	360	175	190	480	260	220	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	580	300	280
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	165	75	85	320	170	160	969,945	451,410	518,540	155	80	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	20	10	10	116,635	55,545	61,090	30	25	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	130	60	70	265	140	125	675,695	314,690	361,010	50	30	25
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	55	20	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	10	0	10	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	0	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	15	0	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	70	35	40
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	140	70	70	20	10	10	233,440	121,145	112,290	200	105	95
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	130	70	60
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	40	20	20	115	75	45	590,140	310,985	279,165	25	15	10
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	365	175	190	475	260	215	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	570	295	280
Non-movers	295	150	150	465	250	210	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	545	280	265
Movers	65	25	40	0	0	0	255,365	129,500	125,865	25	15	10
Non-migrants	65	25	40	0	0	0	186,805	94,745	92,055	15	0	10
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	320	155	165	460	245	215	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	535	280	255
Non-movers	210	120	90	375	205	170	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	265	135	130
Movers	110	35	75	80	40	40	821,475	413,250	408,230	270	145	125
Non-migrants	90	30	60	30	15	20	433,700	216,030	217,670	105	45	60
Migrants	20	0	15	50	30	20	387,770	197,215	190,560	170	105	65
Internal migrants	0	0	0	40	25	20	190,035	93,955	96,075	35	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	40	25	20	159,710	78,770	80,940	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	15	0	10
External migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	197,735	103,260	94,485	130	85	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	130	150	420	225	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	255	215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	40	30	35	25	10	274,820	136,500	138,320	140	65	75
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	210	90	125	390	205	180	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	335	190	140
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	180	85	90	235	110	120	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	180	165
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	20	15	10	0	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	85	40	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	145	65	75	225	110	115	975,700	481,690	494,005	260	145	120
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	125	150	420	230	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	255	220
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	25	20	0	247,460	120,840	126,625	120	55	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	115	65	50	319,755	162,520	157,240	125	100	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	70	100	275	140	135	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	225	100	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	30	60	190	90	100	473,060	232,855	240,210	135	60	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	20	25	50	25	20	146,170	81,740	64,425	50	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	15	25	40	20	20	106,110	54,025	52,085	20	0	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35	0	25	120	60	60	260,845	122,345	138,495	75	35	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	10	15	66,045	28,760	37,285	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	80	40	40	85	50	35	609,855	291,355	318,505	85	40	45
Bachelor's degree	55	30	25	50	30	20	344,605	160,320	184,285	55	30	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0
Master's degree	15	0	10	20	10	10	159,510	78,325	81,190	25	10	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	175	85	90	230	110	125	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	180	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	10	10	0	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	65	35	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	15	10	50	25	25	162,205	88,420	73,785	85	60	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	50	75	170	85	90	831,975	403,420	428,555	190	85	100
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	25	35	105	50	55	333,160	167,260	165,895	115	55	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	20	20	15	10	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	50	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	15	20	10	0	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	20	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15	0	15	75	40	40	174,185	84,745	89,445	60	30	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	15	0	10	48,580	21,830	26,755	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	65	30	40	65	35	30	498,815	236,155	262,665	70	35	35
Bachelor's degree	45	25	25	35	20	20	276,640	128,890	147,745	45	25	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	0	10	15	10	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	20	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	130	155	415	225	190	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	470	260	220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	65	55	140	85	60	567,220	283,355	283,860	250	155	95
Education	0	0	0	15	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	15	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	10	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	15	15	10	10	78,920	30,815	48,110	30	0	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	10	28,165	11,870	16,295	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	40	25	15	157,220	58,185	99,040	35	20	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	20	0	15	85	30	55	248,895	110,950	137,945	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	0	15	85	30	55	237,125	108,040	129,090	30	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	0	20	10	10	57,445	29,770	27,670	15	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	10,555	5,610	4,945	15	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	25	0	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	0	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	25	0	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	35	0	45	35	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	15	0	20	15	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	20	10	15	122,295	30,795	91,495	30	0	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	20	0	15	109,185	24,140	85,045	30	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	20	10	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	26,800	9,745	17,060	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	180	85	95	230	110	125	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	345	180	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	50	30	15	60	25	30	265,025	144,230	120,800	150	95	60
Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	10	10	10	52,565	20,765	31,805	30	0	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	20	10	10	121,985	44,105	77,880	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	15	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	20	20	0
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	65	20	45	199,525	87,920	111,600	25	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	65	20	45	190,410	85,600	104,810	25	15	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	10	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	20	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	20	0	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	20	0	30	25	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	10	10	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	15	10	10	92,595	23,265	69,330	20	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	10	0	10	82,410	18,370	64,045	20	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	0	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	180	85	95	230	110	125	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	345	180	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50	30	15	60	25	30	265,025	144,230	120,800	150	95	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	125	50	75	175	85	90	831,975	403,415	428,560	185	85	100
Location of study inside Canada	70	25	45	125	65	65	598,455	286,340	312,115	90	45	50
Same as province or territory of residence	70	25	40	120	60	60	566,540	270,160	296,380	80	35	45
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	30	30	45	20	20	233,520	117,075	116,445	95	45	55
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10	74,705	39,515	35,190	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	50	25	30	15	10	10	50,645	26,790	23,860	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	40	15	15	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	10	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	70	35	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	20	15	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	25	0	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	10	10	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	280	125	150	420	230	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	255	220
In the labour force	165	85	80	235	130	110	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	300	180	125
Employed	135	80	60	205	110	95	971,245	502,885	468,360	270	160	115
Unemployed	30	10	20	35	20	10	110,395	58,460	51,935	35	20	15
Not in the labour force	115	45	75	180	95	80	568,495	246,215	322,280	170	80	90
Participation rate	58.9	68.0	53.3	56.0	56.5	57.9	65.5	69.5	61.8	63.2	70.6	56.8
Employment rate	48.2	64.0	40.0	48.8	47.8	50.0	58.9	62.3	55.6	56.8	62.7	52.3
Unemployment rate	18.2	11.8	25.0	14.9	15.4	9.1	10.2	10.4	10.0	11.7	11.1	12.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	280	130	155	415	225	190	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	470	260	220
Did not work¹⁸⁶	110	45	65	200	105	90	582,470	253,075	329,400	190	100	90
Worked	170	85	85	220	120	100	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	285	150	135
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	60	35	20	115	55	60	529,400	287,950	241,450	95	50	40
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	115	45	65	105	65	40	538,265	266,540	271,725	190	105	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.2	40.8	37.6	35.0	33.2	37.2	39.7	40.2	39.3	33.2	35.2	31.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	170	85	80	240	130	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	305	175	125
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	150	85	70	230	125	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	290	175	115
Employee	120	65	60	190	105	90	907,745	457,830	449,915	275	155	115
Permanent position	115	55	60	170	95	70	741,830	380,445	361,385	195	130	70
Temporary position	10	10	0	25	10	15	165,915	77,385	88,530	75	30	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	10	0	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	20	0	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10	10	0	20	10	10	96,225	46,100	50,120	60	20	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	20	10	40	20	20	142,380	88,145	54,230	25	15	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	170	85	80	240	130	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	305	175	125
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	150	85	70	230	125	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	290	175	115
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	75	30	45	207,660	79,975	127,685	35	25	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	0	10	10	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	15	10	0
3 Health occupations	15	0	10	15	0	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	30	10	15	140,500	46,385	94,115	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	25	10	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	55	30	20	55	30	20	263,055	135,300	127,750	90	40	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	25	0	30	25	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	55	55	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	55	30	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	170	85	80	240	130	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	305	175	125
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	150	85	70	230	125	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	290	175	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	10	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	20	10	15	10	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	30	20	15	25	20	0	111,555	56,180	55,375	35	15	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	20	20	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	35	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	20	10	15	53,430	27,205	26,225	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	10	50	15	35	130,405	75,750	54,655	15	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	10	10	10	49,530	29,800	19,735	10	10	0
61 Educational services	0	0	0	20	10	10	95,290	34,510	60,780	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	20	0	10	30	10	25	142,545	36,095	106,450	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	15	0	0	0	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	55	30	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	10	0	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	180	90	90	250	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	330	190	140
English	0	0	0	80	30	55	201,310	110,165	91,150	145	95	55
French	90	50	45	75	45	30	416,430	206,170	210,265	55	25	30
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	10	10	0
English and French	80	50	35	80	60	25	473,485	249,700	223,785	95	50	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	180	90	90	250	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	330	190	140
Single responses	155	75	80	225	125	95	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	315	185	135
Official languages	150	75	80	225	125	95	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	295	170	125
English	25	10	15	120	50	70	361,715	194,885	166,835	195	120	75
French	130	65	65	100	70	30	645,885	327,180	318,705	100	45	50
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	25	15	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	25	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	25	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	15	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	10	30	15	15	126,180	65,940	60,240	15	0	10
English and French	30	20	10	25	10	15	116,535	60,925	55,605	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	180	90	90	250	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	330	190	140
None	125	65	60	180	80	95	743,180	381,875	361,305	235	130	95
English	40	15	20	25	25	0	219,885	116,455	103,430	45	25	20
French	20	10	10	40	20	20	149,470	78,495	70,975	35	20	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	135	80	60	205	105	100	971,245	502,885	468,360	270	155	110
Worked at home	25	10	15	45	25	25	298,820	151,335	147,485	25	15	15
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	30	25	0	20	20	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	50	40	10
Usual place of work	85	45	40	135	60	75	580,035	286,695	293,340	190	105	85
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	85	45	40	135	60	75	580,035	286,695	293,340	190	105	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	15	40	110	45	65	427,475	202,010	225,465	140	75	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	15	10	10	91,735	47,670	44,070	25	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	10	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	25	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	110	70	40	155	85	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	240	145	95
Car, truck or van	85	60	30	115	65	55	395,615	229,315	166,300	120	90	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	85	60	25	115	65	50	365,770	218,475	147,295	85	70	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	30	20	10
Public transit	20	0	15	30	20	10	177,860	74,605	103,260	100	40	65
Walked	0	0	0	10	0	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	20	10	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	110	70	40	155	85	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	240	145	95
Less than 15 minutes	10	10	0	30	0	30	125,240	61,185	64,055	25	15	15
15 to 29 minutes	35	25	15	85	50	40	241,005	129,590	111,420	50	40	10
30 to 44 minutes	45	25	15	25	20	0	176,925	96,710	80,215	90	50	40
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	10	0	0	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	10	10	0	0	0	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	45	25	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	110	70	40	155	85	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	240	145	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	10	0	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	30	15	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	10	15	10	10	95,270	56,280	38,990	35	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	0	25	35	20	20	166,695	79,410	87,280	35	20	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	40	15	20	149,185	68,865	80,320	30	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	0	20	10	15	106,855	50,615	56,240	25	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	20	0	35	25	15	112,350	65,830	46,520	80	60	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	95	55	40	75	40	35	371,310	189,920	181,390	140	65	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	45	25	20	109,065	56,315	52,750	45	20	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	30	25	15	10	262,245	133,605	128,640	90	50	45
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	40	25	55	30	25	264,905	135,505	129,395	90	45	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	35	20	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	40	15	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	10	5	35	20	15	67,535	34,945	32,590	40	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	25	20	15	10	5	182,020	92,755	89,270	50	30	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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