Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660173More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663486More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	483	...	...	2,281	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	204	...	...	1,755	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	199	...	...	1,492	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,305.8	...	...	14,436.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	480	230	250	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 14 years	100	50	45	135	70	65
0 to 4 years	35	20	10	85	45	40
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	40	15	20
10 to 14 years	40	20	20	15	5	5
15 to 64 years	315	155	160	2,050	1,095	955
15 to 19 years	20	10	10	35	20	20
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	235	110	120
25 to 29 years	30	15	15	515	260	255
30 to 34 years	45	20	25	420	220	200
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	290	175	120
40 to 44 years	30	20	15	165	90	75
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	120	70	55
50 to 54 years	30	10	15	110	70	40
55 to 59 years	30	20	15	100	60	40
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	60	30	30
65 years and over	70	25	45	100	50	45
65 to 69 years	20	5	15	45	20	25
70 to 74 years	20	5	10	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	10	5	10	20	15	5
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	5	0	0
85 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.8	21.7	18.0	5.9	5.8	6.1
15 to 64 years	65.6	67.4	64.0	89.9	90.5	89.3
65 years and over	14.6	10.9	18.0	4.4	4.1	4.2
85 years and over	1.0	0.0	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	38.4	36.8	40.0	35.1	35.7	34.5
Median age of the population	37.2	36.4	38.8	32.4	33.2	31.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	195	...	...	1,490	...	...
Single-detached house	20	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	175	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	200	...	...	1,495	...	...
1 person	70	...	...	880	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	500	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	480	230	250	2,280	1,210	1,070
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	385	180	205	2,145	1,145	1,000
Married or living common-law	190	95	100	990	525	465
Married	120	55	60	500	260	240
Living common-law	70	35	35	490	265	230
Living common law - Never married	55	30	25	440	240	205
Living common law - Separated	0	5	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	45	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	195	85	110	1,155	625	535
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	70	70	1,000	550	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	35	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	15	20	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	130	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	90	...	...	480	...	...
Married couples	55	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	240	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	225	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	485	235	250	2,280	1,210	1,065
Total - Persons in census families	380	185	200	1,185	615	575
Married spouses or common-law partners	180	95	90	955	500	450
Parents in one-parent families	35	10	35	40	20	25
Children⁶	165	85	80	195	95	100
In a two-parent family	100	55	50	140	65	75
In a one-parent family	60	30	25	50	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	100	50	50	1,090	600	495
Living alone	65	30	30	880	475	410
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	20	10	10	165	105	60
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	200	...	...	1,495	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	110	...	...	505	...	...
Couple-family households	80	...	...	465	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	375	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	65	...	...	880	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	385	180	200	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	375	175	200	2,055	1,100	960
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	40,800	38,400	58,400	65,000	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	375	175	200	2,055	1,100	960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,800	33,600	48,400	53,200	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	165	170	1,975	1,065	910
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,600	28,400	57,200	64,500	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	285	145	145	1,825	1,000	825
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	35,600	31,800	58,000	64,500	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	320	145	180	1,380	680	700
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,200	11,800	3,920	4,000	2,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	20	30	190	95	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,750	7,200	6,200	5,600	5,480	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	60	55	625	335	290
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,500	10,000	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	335	155	175	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	150	175	1,955	1,030	930
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	42,000	43,200	82,300	104,200	58,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	150	175	1,955	1,030	930
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	35,000	37,600	58,900	70,600	45,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	1,885	990	895
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,000	35,500	80,600	103,600	55,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	125	140	1,735	940	790
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	36,000	35,500	80,100	99,600	56,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	280	125	160	1,270	600	670
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	11,600	13,600	7,100	7,680	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35	20	20	130	55	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,000	9,000	5,000	4,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	140	75	65	580	305	275
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	9,200	7,800	9,240	9,600	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	335	155	180	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	125	55	75	1,005	570	435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	55,600	44,800	80,000	88,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	66,000	50,000	108,600	129,000	81,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	105	50	55	625	320	305
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,500	13,100	15,800	23,200	32,800	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	16,000	24,000	43,400	56,600	29,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.0	78.0	72.0	94.4	95.6	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.0	70.0	66.0	86.4	88.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.6	22.0	28.0	5.6	4.3	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.6	2.5	0.4	0.2	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.4	11.2	7.8	3.5	2.9	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.4	11.0	6.8	3.3	2.7	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	385	180	205	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without total income	10	0	5	85	45	45
With total income	375	175	200	2,055	1,100	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	20	175	70	100
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	145	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	40	210	100	110
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	30	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	25	165	85	80
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	20	180	85	95
$60,000 to $69,999	35	20	20	160	85	75
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	155	85	70
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	135	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	5	95	45	50
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	455	310	140
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	10	250	155	95
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	200	155	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	385	180	205	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without after-tax income	10	0	5	85	45	45
With after-tax income	375	175	200	2,060	1,100	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	20	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	25	160	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	40	260	120	140
$30,000 to $39,999	70	40	35	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	255	140	115
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	20	255	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	190	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	150	75	75
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	240	180	65
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	95	65	30
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	145	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	385	180	205	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without employment income	100	35	60	320	140	175
With employment income	285	145	140	1,825	1,000	825
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	185	90	100
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	105	60	50
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	155	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	25	5	15	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	20	125	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	15	120	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	150	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	135	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	125	70	60
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	125	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	90	45	40
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	395	280	120
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	5	140	90	55
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	255	185	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	385	180	200	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	170	190	1,995	1,055	940
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	32,000	48,400	55,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	170	190	1,990	1,055	940
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	34,400	28,600	41,600	45,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	155	170	1,895	1,015	880
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,400	26,600	49,200	57,600	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	135	140	1,715	935	780
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	29,800	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	120	160	1,205	605	605
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,680	3,100	9,700	1,300	1,240	1,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	20	20	75	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	x	x	9,400	7,250	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	335	155	175	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	140	175	1,885	980	905
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	42,000	39,200	77,100	99,200	53,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	140	175	1,885	980	905
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	35,000	34,000	52,700	62,900	41,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	285	130	155	1,790	940	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	39,000	36,000	79,200	102,000	54,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	265	120	140	1,635	880	755
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	39,000	36,500	80,100	100,200	56,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	255	105	150	1,100	495	605
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,600	8,400	2,925	2,900	2,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20	10	0	40	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	12,000	...	9,600	8,000	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	335	155	180	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	125	55	75	985	545	435
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	50,000	41,600	70,500	73,500	61,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,000	60,000	42,000	102,800	126,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	100	40	55	520	270	245
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	23,600	31,000	29,600	37,600	26,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,800	25,000	32,000	52,400	65,500	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	88.0	80.0	97.8	98.4	96.4
Employment income (%)	78.0	78.0	78.0	90.2	90.8	88.8
Government transfers (%)	16.0	13.2	18.5	2.2	1.5	3.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	2.5	x	0.3	0.2	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	200	...	...	1,495	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	65	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	130	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	190	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	115,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	82,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	58,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	200	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	200	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	125	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	90	45	45	1,045	575	465
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	38,800	37,200	56,400	57,600	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	34,000	33,600	46,800	47,600	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	115	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	244,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	85	30	55	940	485	455
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	48,000	42,000	75,400	88,000	61,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,000	38,000	37,000	55,900	62,800	48,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	480	230	250	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 17 years	110	60	50	145	80	70
0 to 5 years	35	25	15	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	305	150	155	2,035	1,085	950
65 years and over	70	25	40	95	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	50	25	25	355	180	180
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	30	15	15	315	160	150
65 years and over	10	5	5	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	10.0	9.5	15.7	14.9	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	x	20.0	18.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	15.4	14.8	16.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	10.0	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	485	235	250	2,280	1,215	1,065
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	145	75	65
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	305	150	155	2,040	1,090	950
65 years and over	65	25	45	95	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	15	315	160	150
0 to 17 years	10	5	0	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	25	10	10	280	150	135
65 years and over	5	0	5	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	6.0	8.0	13.9	13.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	19.0	18.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	8.0	7.0	13.8	13.6	14.0
65 years and over (%)	8.0	x	10.0	8.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	480	230	250	2,280	1,210	1,070
In bottom half of the distribution	280	135	145	1,035	535	500
In bottom decile	40	15	25	375	190	180
In second decile	70	35	30	170	90	80
In third decile	80	30	45	135	65	75
In fourth decile	55	30	20	185	100	85
In fifth decile	50	25	25	170	90	80
In top half of the distribution	205	95	105	1,250	675	575
In sixth decile	80	40	40	170	90	85
In seventh decile	40	20	15	215	115	95
In eighth decile	35	15	25	200	100	95
In ninth decile	45	15	25	275	145	125
In top decile	0	0	0	390	220	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	485	...	...	2,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.257	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.390	...	...	0.481	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.226	...	...	0.373	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,070
English only	0	0	0	385	210	180
French only	240	105	140	130	65	60
English and French	230	120	110	1,750	930	820
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	25	10	10	890	460	430
French	430	200	230	1,175	655	525
English and French	25	15	10	205	95	110
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	20	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	455	215	240	2,120	1,140	980
Official languages	340	165	175	1,445	825	620
English	10	5	10	450	250	200
French	325	155	165	995	570	425
Non-official languages	115	50	60	680	320	360
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	50	60	680	320	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	110	55	55
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10	105	55	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	10	105	55	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	35	15	20	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	390	185	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	195	95	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	5	0	0	30	20	15
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	30	15	15	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	50	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	50	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	15	160	75	85
English and French	0	5	0	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	35	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	5	0	5	475	260	215
French	300	155	150	750	415	340
Non-official language	30	15	10	160	75	85
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	10	160	75	85
English and French	30	15	10	370	215	160
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	235	105	130
French and non-official language(s)	80	30	50	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	245	120	120
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	435	205	225	2,085	1,110	975
Official languages	375	180	195	1,770	965	805
English	10	5	10	790	430	365
French	360	175	190	980	540	440
Non-official languages	60	30	25	320	145	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	30	25	320	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	5	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	170	80	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	15	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	85	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	60	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	195	100	95
English and French	10	10	5	115	60	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	485	235	250	2,285	1,215	1,065
None	370	185	185	1,525	825	705
English	20	10	15	255	140	115
French	25	10	10	135	75	60
Non-official language	40	15	25	165	80	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	25	165	80	90
English and French	5	5	5	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	50	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	80	45	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	425	205	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Official languages	415	195	220	2,135	1,120	1,015
English	205	120	85	2,005	1,065	945
French	415	195	220	1,750	920	830
Non-official languages	195	95	110	1,185	595	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	95	110	1,185	595	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	200	120	80
Berber languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	25	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	200	120	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	180	110	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	10	20	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	35	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	35	45	750	370	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
German	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	90	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	25	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	45	530	250	275
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	15	105	45	60
Portuguese	20	10	10	60	35	30
Romanian	0	0	0	50	10	45
Spanish	60	25	30	395	195	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	0	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	0	15	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	155	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	425	200	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	420	195	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	425	200	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	425	200	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	55	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	130	...	...	905	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	185	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	30	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	90	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	105	...	...	1,280	...	...
5 rooms	55	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180	...	...	1,365	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	1,300	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	275	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	175	...	...	1,375	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	920	...	...
Two-maintainer household	70	...	...	465	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	190	...	...	1,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	185	...	...	1,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	150	...	...	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	25	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	185	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	515	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	405	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	120	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	180	...	...	1,260	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	165	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.5	...	...	78.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,790	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	546,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.2	...	...	38.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	1,616	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	425	200	225	2,150	1,125	1,020
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	25	20	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	20	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	420	200	225	2,130	1,110	1,015
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	425	205	220	2,150	1,125	1,025
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	365	185	175	1,570	835	740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	85	55	35	100	65	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	280	135	145	1,470	770	705
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	60	15	40	580	295	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	425	205	220	2,150	1,125	1,025
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	255	135	120	1,070	555	520
Immigrants⁸¹	145	55	90	685	375	310
Before 1980	30	20	10	20	20	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	20	0	15	155	85	70
2001 to 2010	55	20	40	205	110	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	40	10	30	265	145	125
2011 to 2015	15	0	10	120	60	60
2016 to 2021	25	0	20	145	90	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	10	10	395	195	200
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	145	60	90	685	375	305
Under 5 years	10	0	0	50	25	25
5 to 14 years	50	15	30	145	60	85
15 to 24 years	20	10	10	115	60	50
25 to 44 years	50	15	40	340	215	125
45 years and over	20	10	0	35	20	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	145	60	90	685	375	305
Americas	60	25	35	95	60	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	50	25	20
Europe	15	0	10	235	130	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	95	70	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	50	10	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	10
Africa	80	30	45	60	35	20
Algeria	50	20	30	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	15	0
Asia	0	0	0	290	145	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	95	35	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	0	20	145	85	60
Americas	0	0	0	30	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
France	0	0	0	35	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	75	45	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	425	205	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
First generation¹⁰⁰	170	70	100	1,115	595	520
Second generation¹⁰¹	85	55	25	405	205	200
Third generation or more¹⁰²	170	80	90	635	330	305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	115	35	80	665	360	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50	20	30	490	270	220
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	0	15	230	150	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	15	15	265	125	140
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	0	10	100	45	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	10	40	65	40	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	115	35	80	665	360	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	20	30	25	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	95	70	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25	25	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	60	35	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	85	30	55	445	205	240
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	425	200	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	185	80	105	860	470	390
South Asian	0	0	0	115	80	35
Chinese	0	0	0	175	80	95
Black	90	35	60	85	50	40
Filipino	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab	55	30	25	130	85	50
Latin American	45	20	20	120	60	65
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	45	25	15
West Asian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	40	25	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	235	120	115	1,295	660	635
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	425	205	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Canadian	85	40	50	245	130	115
English	10	10	0	95	40	55
Irish	0	0	0	100	50	55
Scottish	10	0	0	80	35	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	50	30	20	450	250	200
German	0	0	0	70	10	55
Chinese	0	0	0	185	95	90
Italian	15	0	10	125	55	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	50	35	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dutch	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Québécois	35	25	15	105	40	65
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	10	0	20	0	20
Filipino	0	0	0	25	10	10
French Canadian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	15	0	10
American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	20	20	0
Jewish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	45	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0	50	10	40
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	25	15	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	10	10	15	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	45	30	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	45	25	25	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	15	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	420	200	220	2,155	1,130	1,025
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	10	10
Christian	215	95	120	850	400	450
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	20	0	20	130	60	65
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	190	85	100	575	280	300
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	100	30	70
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	40	25	20
Jewish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Muslim	75	40	35	185	120	65
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	130	65	60	1,005	550	455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	415	200	215	2,110	1,100	1,010
Non-movers	345	170	175	1,290	675	615
Movers	70	25	40	820	430	390
Non-migrants	65	25	35	550	275	275
Migrants	0	0	0	270	150	110
Internal migrants	0	0	0	190	110	75
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	45	40
External migrants	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	390	190	205	2,065	1,075	990
Non-movers	195	100	100	340	190	155
Movers	190	85	105	1,730	890	835
Non-migrants	125	55	65	680	345	335
Migrants	70	30	40	1,045	545	505
Internal migrants	30	15	10	625	325	290
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	10	450	240	210
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	170	85	85
External migrants	40	15	25	425	210	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	335	155	180	2,050	1,065	990
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	45	20	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	265	110	155	2,015	1,045	970
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	240	100	140	1,665	885	785
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	30	15	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	200	70	130	1,660	875	775
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	330	155	175	2,055	1,065	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	40	15	35	15	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	30	25	180	115	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	85	135	1,835	935	900
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	50	90	405	220	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	20	40	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	15	30	25	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	10	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	20	40	290	150	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	80	50	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	75	35	45	1,430	715	720
Bachelor's degree	50	15	30	790	390	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	120	40	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Master's degree	30	15	15	435	255	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	65	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	240	100	140	1,670	880	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	25	10	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	25	0	20	135	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	75	115	1,530	795	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	40	70	305	165	140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	15	40	30	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	10	25	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	15	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	20	25	210	100	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	70	50	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	80	30	45	1,220	630	595
Bachelor's degree	50	15	35	650	325	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	100	35	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	0	25
Master's degree	30	15	15	405	240	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	50	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	330	155	175	2,055	1,060	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	70	45	215	125	85
Education	0	0	0	30	0	25
13. Education	0	0	0	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	180	85	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	130	55	70
Humanities	10	0	10	95	25	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	50	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	20	280	100	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	105	50	60
Business, management and public administration	55	20	35	620	345	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	20	30	605	335	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	70	20	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	35	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	0	110	75	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	0	90	65	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	0	265	195	70
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	10	10	0	195	145	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	40	135	40	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	40	115	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	40	30	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	245	100	140	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	55	30	25	135	85	50
Education	0	0	0	20	0	20
13. Education	0	0	0	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	170	80	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	115	55	60
Humanities	0	0	0	80	20	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	210	80	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	55	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	45	15	30	530	295	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	15	30	520	285	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	100	65	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	85	65	20
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	25	0	240	185	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	15
14. Engineering	10	10	0	185	135	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	35	105	30	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	85	25	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	30	25	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	245	100	140	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	30	25	135	85	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	185	70	115	1,530	795	730
Location of study inside Canada	140	55	90	1,000	525	475
Same as province or territory of residence	140	55	90	875	465	410
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	125	60	65
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45	15	25	525	270	255
Americas	0	0	0	140	75	70
United States of America	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	20	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	275	145	130
Belgium	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	185	95	90
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	15	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	30	15	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	85	40	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	330	155	175	2,055	1,065	990
In the labour force	235	120	110	1,710	945	765
Employed	200	95	105	1,605	875	730
Unemployed	35	25	10	105	70	30
Not in the labour force	100	35	65	340	120	225
Participation rate	71.2	77.4	62.9	83.2	88.7	77.3
Employment rate	60.6	61.3	60.0	78.1	82.2	73.7
Unemployment rate	14.9	20.8	9.1	6.1	7.4	3.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	330	155	175	2,055	1,060	990
Did not work¹⁸⁶	100	50	50	320	130	190
Worked	230	100	130	1,730	930	800
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	125	55	70	1,060	600	465
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	105	45	60	670	335	335
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.4	36.4	40.0	42.9	43.6	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	235	120	115	1,710	945	765
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	25	20	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	225	115	110	1,680	925	760
Employee	205	105	100	1,440	785	655
Permanent position	165	80	85	1,230	705	520
Temporary position	40	25	20	215	80	135
Fixed term (1 year or more)	20	10	10	115	65	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	15	10	95	15	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	15	10	10	235	140	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	235	120	115	1,710	945	765
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	25	20	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	225	115	110	1,680	925	760
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	45	25	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	20	25	470	260	210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	0	10	300	240	65
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	0	30	150	45	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	200	120	80
6 Sales and service occupations	65	45	20	330	175	155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	35	0	55	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	10	45	20	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	235	120	115	1,710	945	765
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	25	20	10
All industries¹⁹¹	225	115	110	1,680	925	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	15	15	0	50	30	20
31-33 Manufacturing	15	0	10	80	35	45
41 Wholesale trade	15	15	0	30	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	35	10	20	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	60	45	20
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	190	130	60
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	15	250	155	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	45	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	425	255	175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	15	0	60	35	20
61 Educational services	15	0	15	120	55	65
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	40	105	10	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	45	35	15
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	45	30	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	0	15	0	15
91 Public administration	15	10	0	45	20	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	250	115	135	1,810	980	830
English	0	0	0	485	275	210
French	175	80	95	370	175	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	70	30	40	885	500	390
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	250	115	135	1,810	980	830
Single responses	240	110	130	1,555	860	700
Official languages	240	110	130	1,540	860	685
English	10	10	0	780	440	340
French	230	105	125	765	415	340
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	255	125	135
English and French	10	10	0	235	105	130
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	250	115	135	1,810	980	830
None	195	90	100	1,110	575	540
English	55	25	30	380	235	145
French	0	0	0	275	150	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	200	95	105	1,605	875	730
Worked at home	45	20	25	915	515	390
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	80	55	30
Usual place of work	150	70	80	610	305	310
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	145	75	80	610	305	310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	50	65	500	240	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	40	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	10	70	35	40
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	155	80	80	695	355	335
Car, truck or van	100	60	40	240	120	115
Car, truck or van - as a driver	90	45	40	225	120	105
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	15	0	10
Public transit	40	15	25	145	60	85
Walked	15	0	10	300	165	135
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	155	80	80	695	355	335
Less than 15 minutes	25	15	10	160	75	85
15 to 29 minutes	75	45	30	305	160	150
30 to 44 minutes	35	15	20	155	80	75
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	15	55	30	25
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	155	80	80	695	355	335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	30	15	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	25	20	170	90	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15	0	0	270	135	135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	10	160	65	95
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	10	10	40	35	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	110	55	55	155	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	15	55	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	55	40	100	50	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	35	40	60	35	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	15	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10	30	20	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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