Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660098More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662459More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662480More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	490	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	406	...	...	317	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	260	...	...	976,966	...	...	137	...	...	146	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	247	...	...	910,359	...	...	135	...	...	131	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,195.2	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	3,104.0	...	...	1,684.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.13	...	...	0.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	490	245	245	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	405	205	205	320	140	175
0 to 14 years	80	40	35	309,765	158,545	151,225	75	35	35	35	10	20
0 to 4 years	35	15	15	99,195	50,760	48,435	20	5	15	10	0	5
5 to 9 years	20	15	5	106,985	54,660	52,320	30	20	10	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	25	15	10	15	0	15
15 to 64 years	320	155	160	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	245	130	120	180	80	100
15 to 19 years	20	10	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	25	20	10	15	0	15
20 to 24 years	20	15	5	140,025	70,895	69,125	30	20	10	10	5	5
25 to 29 years	25	15	15	165,525	83,630	81,895	20	10	10	25	10	10
30 to 34 years	35	10	20	157,725	78,995	78,730	20	5	10	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	45	25	20	149,265	74,115	75,155	15	10	5	10	5	5
40 to 44 years	35	15	20	142,365	70,920	71,445	30	15	15	10	10	5
45 to 49 years	35	15	20	125,505	62,690	62,815	20	10	10	20	10	10
50 to 54 years	30	20	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	20	5	10	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	125,465	63,810	61,655	25	10	20	30	10	15
60 to 64 years	35	15	20	118,065	57,920	60,140	35	20	10	25	15	15
65 years and over	95	45	50	351,325	151,210	200,120	90	45	45	100	50	55
65 to 69 years	35	20	15	99,325	46,730	52,595	25	10	15	20	5	15
70 to 74 years	20	5	10	86,030	39,185	46,845	25	10	10	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	20	10	15	63,215	27,320	35,895	25	10	10	25	20	10
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	46,875	18,960	27,915	10	5	5	20	10	10
85 years and over	5	0	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	10	5	5	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	5	33,210	12,200	21,010	10	5	5	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	16.3	14.3	15.5	16.1	14.8	18.5	17.1	17.1	10.9	7.1	11.4
15 to 64 years	65.3	63.3	65.3	67.0	68.5	65.6	60.5	63.4	58.5	56.3	57.1	57.1
65 years and over	19.4	18.4	20.4	17.5	15.4	19.6	22.2	22.0	22.0	31.3	35.7	31.4
85 years and over	1.0	0.0	2.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.5	2.4	2.4	1.6	3.6	2.9
Average age of the population	42.5	41.6	43.2	41.0	39.8	42.1	42.2	41.8	42.6	50.4	53.6	47.8
Median age of the population	43.2	43.2	43.6	39.6	38.4	40.4	43.6	42.4	44.0	55.2	56.8	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	135	...	...	130	...	...
Single-detached house	40	...	...	100,615	...	...	70	...	...	90	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	32,530	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...	110,440	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	105	...	...	479,885	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	245	...	...	910,355	...	...	135	...	...	135	...	...
1 person	110	...	...	367,400	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	271,730	...	...	45	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	118,205	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	98,205	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	54,820	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	490	245	250	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	405	205	200	320	140	175
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	410	200	210	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	335	170	165	285	130	155
Married or living common-law	215	110	110	822,440	414,330	408,115	220	110	105	175	85	85
Married	100	50	50	577,060	289,455	287,600	210	105	105	130	65	65
Living common-law	110	60	55	245,385	124,870	120,510	5	0	0	45	25	25
Living common law - Never married	95	50	50	207,040	104,785	102,250	0	0	0	25	10	15
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	5	0	0	15	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	195	90	100	872,060	410,935	461,125	120	60	55	110	40	65
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	75	65	627,845	333,150	294,700	85	50	35	80	30	45
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	5	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	5	20	126,605	46,380	80,225	15	5	15	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	82,815	16,590	66,225	10	0	10	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	130	...	...	495,445	...	...	125	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	251,075	...	...	45	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	107,265	...	...	30	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	93,300	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	495,445	...	...	125	...	...	100	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	395,645	...	...	105	...	...	85	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	273,070	...	...	105	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	162,745	...	...	65	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	110,325	...	...	40	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	122,570	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	44,875	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	77,700	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	99,805	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	80,530	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	490	245	250	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	410	205	200	320	140	175
Total - Persons in census families	355	175	180	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	380	195	190	265	125	145
Married spouses or common-law partners	215	105	110	791,280	398,495	392,785	210	105	105	175	85	85
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	99,805	19,275	80,525	15	10	15	10	5	5
Children⁶	120	60	55	541,905	284,935	256,965	150	85	70	85	35	50
In a two-parent family	85	45	45	392,250	205,155	187,095	120	60	60	70	30	40
In a one-parent family	30	15	10	149,655	79,785	69,865	30	20	15	15	5	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	140	70	70	526,370	262,915	263,450	25	10	15	45	20	30
Living alone	105	45	55	367,395	175,660	191,740	10	5	5	35	5	25
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	10	5	5	0	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	25	15	10	109,690	65,235	44,455	0	0	0	15	5	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	245	...	...	910,360	...	...	135	...	...	130	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	120	...	...	455,970	...	...	115	...	...	85	...	...
Couple-family households	105	...	...	370,250	...	...	95	...	...	80	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	194,165	...	...	55	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	176,085	...	...	40	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	85,720	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	55,210	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	367,395	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	415	205	210	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	330	170	160	280	130	150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	195	205	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	325	165	165	275	130	145
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	46,800	41,200	37,600	39,600	36,000	41,200	39,200	44,400	46,000	48,400	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	195	205	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	325	165	165	275	130	145
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	40,400	35,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	35,200	32,800	35,600	40,000	42,800	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	375	185	185	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	300	155	150	240	115	125
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,200	33,600	31,000	35,200	27,000	33,200	32,400	33,600	39,600	42,400	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	280	145	135	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	225	115	105	155	70	85
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	32,800	36,000	29,600	39,200	38,400	40,000	48,400	54,800	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	150	175	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	265	125	140	225	100	125
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	10,500	14,100	10,800	9,600	12,000	11,900	11,600	12,600	12,500	12,100	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	20	20	171,705	84,570	87,145	25	10	10	20	0	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,760	x	5,520	5,480	5,680	4,280	x	x	x	...	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	65	45	529,640	276,110	253,530	110	60	55	85	40	45
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	10,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,800	9,500	10,000	9,000	7,000	10,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	425	195	225	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	365	190	180	265	110	150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	195	215	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	355	175	180	240	105	135
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	44,800	48,800	53,250	60,050	46,760	56,400	54,400	58,400	159,000	284,000	62,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	195	215	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	355	175	180	240	105	135
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	37,600	41,600	42,520	46,280	38,960	44,600	42,400	46,800	96,000	158,000	47,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	390	190	195	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	325	165	160	225	100	125
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	35,200	40,800	48,960	57,350	40,640	52,600	50,400	54,800	159,000	296,000	53,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	150	145	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	250	130	120	145	60	85
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	32,500	44,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	58,000	60,000	56,000	216,000	440,000	55,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	165	190	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	265	105	155	215	90	125
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,150	12,300	14,000	12,040	10,900	13,040	11,300	11,600	11,000	12,000	11,400	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35	0	25	171,360	84,435	86,925	25	0	0	25	0	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,000	...	17,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	2,800	...	...	9,000	...	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	70	55	528,305	276,300	252,005	120	50	70	100	40	55
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	10,000	9,600	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,400	12,000	7,800	9,000	6,200	11,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	425	200	225	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	370	190	180	260	110	155
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	50	55	514,340	278,505	235,830	115	65	50	65	30	40
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	50,000	58,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	80,000	72,000	89,000	85,000	x	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,000	56,000	62,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	102,000	96,000	108,000	420,000	900,000	76,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	65	75	504,455	247,565	256,895	105	50	55	50	20	30
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	23,000	20,200	16,400	17,400	15,500	6,120	4,000	7,350	21,000	x	x
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,000	27,000	39,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	11,600	7,600	15,200	35,000	20,000	44,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	77.0	75.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	85.0	88.0	84.0	94.0	96.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.0	56.0	60.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	72.0	80.0	64.0	80.0	90.0	54.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.0	22.8	24.8	18.9	14.4	24.4	14.8	12.8	16.5	6.7	3.3	19.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	x	4.0	1.4	1.1	1.7	0.4	x	x	0.5	x	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.8	8.0	5.7	6.4	5.9	7.0	6.3	6.8	5.8	2.5	1.0	8.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	7.6	4.8	5.7	5.4	6.0	5.8	6.4	5.2	2.3	0.9	7.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	410	200	210	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165	280	130	155
Without total income	10	5	5	65,020	32,205	32,820	10	5	0	10	0	10
With total income	400	195	205	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	330	165	160	275	130	145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	10	10	138,250	65,670	72,580	40	20	20	30	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	25	200,450	93,060	107,390	35	15	20	30	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	35	286,825	131,235	155,595	60	30	25	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	35	215,455	102,705	112,755	30	15	15	20	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	20	181,505	86,460	95,040	25	15	5	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	20	138,185	64,805	73,380	15	5	10	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	20	100,060	48,510	51,550	25	15	10	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	15	74,165	37,625	36,540	20	10	15	10	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	58,400	30,060	28,335	15	0	15	15	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	42,240	22,360	19,875	10	5	5	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	149,555	92,680	56,875	55	30	25	55	30	20
$100,000 to $149,999	20	10	10	90,980	53,275	37,705	40	20	15	20	15	10
$150,000 and over	5	0	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	15	10	10	30	20	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	410	200	210	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165	280	130	155
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	64,605	32,005	32,605	10	5	0	10	0	10
With after-tax income	400	195	205	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	330	165	160	275	130	145
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	10	10	144,275	67,955	76,320	40	20	20	30	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	25	210,975	98,495	112,480	45	25	25	30	10	20
$20,000 to $29,999	70	35	35	334,395	155,845	178,545	65	30	30	45	15	25
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	40	257,145	124,835	132,315	35	15	15	30	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	35	204,980	97,805	107,175	30	15	15	35	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	20	139,760	67,315	72,450	25	15	15	25	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	20	93,705	46,700	47,005	25	5	15	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	20	10	5	10	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	38,975	21,640	17,335	15	5	5	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	10	5	5	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	25	15	15	35	20	15
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	15	5	10	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	15	5	5	30	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	410	200	210	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165	280	130	155
Without employment income	135	55	75	495,060	212,405	282,660	110	55	55	125	60	70
With employment income	280	140	135	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	220	115	110	155	70	85
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	20	15	167,560	82,405	85,155	40	25	20	25	5	15
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	10	111,575	52,975	58,595	20	5	15	10	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	25	151,350	72,815	78,530	25	5	15	15	10	5
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	10	116,030	56,295	59,730	20	15	10	15	5	5
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	5	5	5	5	0	5
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	104,250	51,950	52,300	20	10	5	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	10	5	5	10	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	15	66,190	35,045	31,145	10	10	5	10	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	15	5	5	5	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	10	0	5	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	10	5	0	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	115,575	74,545	41,030	45	25	20	45	25	15
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	5	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	10	5	10	5	5
$125,000 and over	5	10	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	25	15	15	30	15	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	415	205	210	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	330	170	160	280	130	150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	190	195	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	315	155	160	270	130	140
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	41,600	40,000	34,000	36,400	31,800	41,600	43,600	40,000	45,600	48,400	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	190	195	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	315	155	160	270	130	140
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	34,800	34,400	31,000	32,800	29,400	35,200	37,600	33,200	40,000	43,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	350	180	170	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	295	150	150	245	115	135
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	36,000	35,600	32,000	36,000	28,200	38,400	40,400	35,600	38,800	42,800	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	145	135	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	225	120	110	180	80	95
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,400	38,400	33,600	36,800	30,400	37,200	38,000	36,000	35,200	41,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	290	140	155	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	240	110	130	200	95	110
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	4,000	10,300	4,440	2,760	7,300	5,280	3,840	7,300	7,800	7,700	7,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	25	15	114,940	56,080	58,855	20	10	10	10	0	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,560	2,960	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,880	x	x	x	...	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	425	195	225	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	365	190	180	265	110	150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	185	205	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	335	165	170	240	105	130
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,600	42,000	47,200	50,000	57,050	43,280	69,600	60,400	78,500	120,000	204,000	52,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	185	205	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	335	165	170	240	105	130
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,000	39,200	39,800	43,800	35,920	51,000	46,400	55,200	68,000	102,000	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	180	180	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	305	150	155	230	95	130
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	36,000	43,600	49,080	57,750	40,560	70,500	61,000	80,000	120,000	216,000	47,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	280	140	145	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	250	120	125	165	60	105
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	35,000	46,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	60,400	67,000	55,000	138,000	290,000	41,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	255	105	140	200	85	115
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,200	10,400	8,250	6,740	9,510	7,100	5,600	8,200	6,240	7,000	5,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	25	20	114,595	55,675	58,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	4,000	9,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	425	200	225	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	370	190	180	260	110	155
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	45	50	507,645	274,575	233,070	115	65	50	70	30	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	48,400	58,400	54,400	58,400	50,400	77,000	71,500	84,000	58,000	x	30,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,000	56,000	64,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	100,000	100,000	100,000	290,000	640,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130	65	65	462,020	227,495	234,530	95	50	50	60	0	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,800	16,400	39,600	21,800	23,200	20,400	13,500	13,200	13,500	7,900	...	7,900
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,500	29,000	46,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	22,400	17,500	27,000	28,000	...	33,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	84.0	84.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	92.0	92.0	92.0	96.0	96.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	65.0	62.0	68.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	65.0	84.0	52.0	80.0	85.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)	16.8	16.5	16.5	12.8	8.6	18.2	7.6	6.2	8.8	4.3	2.6	9.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.4	2.0	1.1	0.8	1.6	x	x	x	x	x	...
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	245	...	...	910,355	...	...	135	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	66,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	367,395	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	38,000	...	...	x	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	34,000	...	...	x	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	140	...	...	542,960	...	...	125	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	92,700	...	...	154,000	...	...	316,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	74,100	...	...	122,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	367,255	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	40,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	36,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	543,100	...	...	115	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	168,000	...	...	410,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	134,000	...	...	240,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	245	...	...	910,355	...	...	135	...	...	135	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	25,730	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	57,720	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	41,160	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	40,595	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	41,545	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	42,630	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	40,980	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	75,485	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	67,695	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	60,495	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	54,055	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	270,265	...	...	90	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	85,635	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	56,205	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	62,095	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	66,335	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	245	...	...	910,355	...	...	135	...	...	135	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,965	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	27,485	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	63,030	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	49,660	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	48,815	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	51,055	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	50,890	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	47,120	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	85,490	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	75,625	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	65,530	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	54,850	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	197,490	...	...	70	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	78,870	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	45,905	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	72,715	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	125	...	...	501,830	...	...	120	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	179,195	...	...	40	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	208,260	...	...	65	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	162,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	131,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	95,875	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	59,600	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	130	65	65	477,085	240,895	236,195	10	5	10	45	15	30
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	36,800	42,400	34,400	34,800	34,000	x	x	x	57,600	x	69,500
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	32,800	36,800	31,200	31,200	31,200	x	x	x	47,200	x	54,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	501,905	...	...	115	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	168,000	...	...	410,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	134,000	...	...	240,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	179,455	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	150,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	208,375	...	...	65	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	200,000	...	...	680,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	156,000	...	...	380,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	95,455	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	110,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	95,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	110	40	70	476,520	240,280	236,245	15	0	0	30	0	25
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	44,000	54,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	40,000	...	x	72,000	x	80,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	36,000	44,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	36,000	...	x	56,000	x	60,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	490	245	245	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	405	205	205	315	145	175
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	365,020	186,710	178,315	85	45	45	40	10	30
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	120,615	61,615	58,995	25	10	15	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	305	150	155	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	230	115	115	175	80	95
65 years and over	95	45	50	317,425	140,270	177,155	90	45	45	100	50	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	55	30	25	321,885	154,370	167,510	25	15	10	20	10	10
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	54,265	27,870	26,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	35	15	15	197,020	99,310	97,710	15	10	5	10	5	10
65 years and over	10	5	10	70,600	27,185	43,415	5	0	0	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	5.6	7.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.0	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	x	x	x	x	...	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	12.0	9.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	7.0	8.0	6.0	7.0	8.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	16.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	490	245	250	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	410	205	200	320	140	175
0 to 17 years	90	45	45	365,025	186,705	178,315	90	45	40	40	15	25
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	120,610	61,615	58,995	25	5	20	10	5	10
18 to 64 years	305	155	150	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	230	120	110	175	80	95
65 years and over	95	45	50	317,425	140,265	177,155	85	40	45	105	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	20	15	213,720	108,905	104,815	10	5	5	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	30	20	10	153,385	81,765	71,620	5	5	0	5	5	5
65 years and over	0	0	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	8.0	6.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	2.8	3.0	2.5	3.0	3.0	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x	x	...	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	10.0	7.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	3.0	3.0	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	490	245	245	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	405	205	205	320	140	175
In bottom half of the distribution	295	145	150	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	135	70	65	125	60	70
In bottom decile	45	25	15	298,540	147,890	150,655	20	15	10	15	10	5
In second decile	65	25	35	244,435	115,985	128,450	15	10	10	25	15	15
In third decile	75	35	40	240,895	116,550	124,345	30	15	15	10	0	5
In fourth decile	55	35	25	218,125	105,885	112,240	30	15	15	35	15	20
In fifth decile	55	25	30	194,765	95,185	99,580	40	25	15	40	20	25
In top half of the distribution	195	100	100	762,590	384,140	378,450	265	130	135	190	85	105
In sixth decile	65	25	35	172,200	85,100	87,095	40	20	20	35	15	20
In seventh decile	45	20	25	156,540	78,290	78,250	60	30	35	30	15	20
In eighth decile	40	25	15	144,120	72,600	71,525	50	25	25	30	15	15
In ninth decile	35	20	15	134,265	68,285	65,980	50	25	30	35	15	20
In top decile	10	5	5	155,465	79,870	75,595	75	40	35	60	25	30
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	490	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	410	...	...	320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.292	...	...	0.532	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.394	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.378	...	...	0.624	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.238	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.250	...	...	0.436	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.1	...	...	5.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	490	240	250	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
English only	5	0	5	262,290	133,690	128,600	75	35	40	15	10	5
French only	230	110	120	486,845	221,005	265,840	30	15	15	75	35	40
English and French	260	135	125	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	290	150	140	230	105	125
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	10	5	5	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	490	240	250	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
English	10	0	10	605,220	303,380	301,835	230	115	115	35	15	20
French	465	230	235	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	125	55	65	250	115	140
English and French	15	10	5	173,785	88,480	85,300	45	30	15	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	490	240	250	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
Single responses	475	235	240	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	370	185	185	295	135	160
Official languages	430	210	215	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	220	105	110	205	90	115
English	5	0	10	322,315	162,085	160,230	135	60	70	15	5	10
French	420	210	210	870,975	428,435	442,540	85	40	40	190	85	110
Non-official languages	50	25	25	643,275	311,525	331,750	150	80	75	90	45	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25	642,820	311,370	331,445	150	80	75	90	45	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	30	15	15	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	112,200	59,320	52,880	30	15	15	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	107,605	56,960	50,645	15	5	10	35	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	10	5	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	10	5	5	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	329,415	158,980	170,435	55	25	30	40	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	5	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,235	16,405	20,835	5	0	0	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	36,800	16,245	20,555	5	0	0	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	10	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	15	5	5	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	10	5	5	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	183,755	87,295	96,460	20	10	5	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	5	5	10	10	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	10	5	5	85,395	41,150	44,250	5	5	0	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	57,075	26,030	31,035	40	20	20	5	0	5
Chinese languages	0	0	0	56,890	25,955	30,935	40	20	20	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	37,985	17,270	20,715	25	20	10	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	143,450	71,980	71,470	35	20	15	25	10	15
English and French	15	5	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	10	0	5	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	10	10	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	47,185	23,615	23,570	5	5	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	490	240	250	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
English	0	0	0	340,470	170,050	170,425	130	60	70	15	5	10
French	405	200	205	779,125	383,000	396,125	55	25	25	185	90	95
Non-official language	15	10	10	204,395	96,705	107,690	45	25	20	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	204,315	96,670	107,645	45	25	20	20	10	10
English and French	30	20	15	173,135	89,205	83,935	60	30	30	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	135,390	66,995	68,400	45	35	15	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	180,900	85,935	94,965	15	10	10	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	154,470	76,450	78,020	55	20	35	30	10	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	490	240	250	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
Single responses	475	235	235	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	380	185	190	285	135	155
Official languages	445	220	225	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	290	140	150	250	115	135
English	5	0	5	479,850	239,270	240,580	210	105	105	25	10	15
French	440	215	220	956,130	471,155	484,975	75	35	45	225	105	125
Non-official languages	25	15	15	370,290	177,955	192,335	90	50	40	40	20	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	15	370,125	177,895	192,235	90	50	40	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	66,095	34,080	32,015	20	10	10	15	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	58,585	30,100	28,490	20	10	10	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	56,520	29,075	27,445	15	10	10	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	188,550	90,370	98,185	20	10	10	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	95,835	44,515	51,315	5	5	5	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	54,335	26,035	28,300	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	43,570	20,275	23,295	30	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	43,475	20,230	23,240	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	20	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	173,745	85,640	88,110	30	15	15	30	10	20
English and French	15	10	5	53,305	27,065	26,240	5	5	5	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	10	10	5	10	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	10	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	5	5	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	490	245	250	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	410	205	200	320	140	175
None	435	215	225	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	250	120	125	240	115	125
English	20	10	10	131,630	67,290	64,340	25	15	15	20	5	15
French	15	10	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	50	25	20	15	10	10
Non-official language	15	5	10	144,335	69,210	75,130	30	20	5	15	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	10	144,155	69,135	75,015	30	20	5	15	5	5
English and French	0	0	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	15	5	10	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	25	10	10	5	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	25	5	15	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	485	230	260	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	420	215	205	295	120	170
Official languages	485	230	260	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	400	210	195	295	120	170
English	255	125	130	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	385	200	185	255	105	155
French	485	230	260	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	320	170	155	275	100	165
Non-official languages	70	35	35	971,455	471,755	499,700	290	145	145	130	60	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	35	970,710	471,495	499,220	290	145	145	130	60	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	217,295	113,605	103,690	95	40	55	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	205,120	107,210	97,905	95	40	55	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	20	0	15	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	75	35	40	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	25	30	514,485	250,190	264,295	105	50	50	75	35	40
Albanian	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	324,695	154,360	170,340	45	20	25	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	10	0	10	25	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	15	30	193,835	91,345	102,490	30	15	15	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	60	40	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	60	40	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	50	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	15	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	485	230	255	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	420	215	205	290	120	170
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	485	230	255	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	420	215	205	290	120	170
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	485	230	255	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	420	215	205	290	120	170
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	485	230	255	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	420	215	205	290	120	170
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Owner	100	...	...	360,125	...	...	125	...	...	85	...	...
Renter	150	...	...	550,240	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Condominium	30	...	...	192,985	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	215	...	...	717,375	...	...	125	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	45	...	...	267,715	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	95	...	...	303,875	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...	220,945	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	98,090	...	...	100	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	100	...	...	501,570	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	166,230	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	78,495	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	58,850	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	105,210	...	...	95	...	...	60	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.3	...	...	4.7	...	...	8.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
One person or fewer per room	250	...	...	881,730	...	...	130	...	...	115	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Suitable	250	...	...	834,885	...	...	125	...	...	115	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	75,475	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
1960 or before	110	...	...	325,005	...	...	90	...	...	95	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	282,605	...	...	40	...	...	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	101,185	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	63,765	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	225	...	...	833,540	...	...	115	...	...	115	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	76,815	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
One-maintainer household	150	...	...	543,605	...	...	55	...	...	60	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	333,140	...	...	70	...	...	55	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	162,375	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	171,535	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	155,520	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	156,865	...	...	50	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	55	...	...	122,825	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	70,345	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	245	...	...	902,485	...	...	135	...	...	125	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	185	...	...	686,075	...	...	120	...	...	90	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	216,410	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	189,795	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	250	...	...	910,360	...	...	130	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	330,635	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	50	...	...	186,350	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	56,480	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	50,745	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	180	...	...	579,720	...	...	100	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	245	...	...	875,865	...	...	130	...	...	115	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	87,945	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	225	...	...	787,925	...	...	125	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	100	...	...	360,120	...	...	130	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	53.8	...	...	44.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	22.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,430	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,680	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,680	...	...	2,240	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	452,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	800,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	790,000	...	...	1,000,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	145	...	...	550,235	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.1	...	...	28.4	...	...	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	14.6	...	...	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	820	...	...	890	...	...	...	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	987	...	...	...	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	490	230	260	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	425	220	205	290	120	175
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	0	15	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	0	15	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	460	225	235	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	425	220	205	285	115	165
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	490	230	260	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	425	220	205	295	115	175
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	445	205	245	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	395	200	200	255	105	150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	60	20	40	322,965	164,980	157,985	65	40	25	30	10	20
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	385	180	200	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	330	160	175	220	95	130
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	40	30	10	313,410	160,530	152,885	25	15	10	40	15	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	490	230	260	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	425	220	205	295	115	175
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	425	190	235	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	210	120	90	190	70	120
Immigrants⁸¹	40	25	15	652,730	313,955	338,770	210	95	115	85	40	40
Before 1980	0	0	0	108,265	50,530	57,735	45	10	40	15	15	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	40	25	10	20	10	15
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	106,810	50,520	56,290	10	0	0	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	35	20	15	154,780	74,520	80,255	50	25	25	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	0	0	0	213,175	104,225	108,950	70	35	30	20	10	0
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	99,070	48,005	51,065	50	25	25	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	15	10	0	10	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	15	10	138,240	75,380	62,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	40	25	15	652,725	313,955	338,770	215	95	115	80	40	40
Under 5 years	15	10	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	20	10	10	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	103,285	51,965	51,320	40	20	20	20	10	10
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	118,475	53,035	65,440	45	10	40	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	20	10	0	326,320	158,620	167,700	80	45	35	40	20	15
45 years and over	0	0	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	30	15	10	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	40	25	15	652,725	313,955	338,770	215	95	115	80	40	40
Americas	15	0	10	137,955	63,465	74,485	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	0	158,795	76,610	82,190	20	0	15	30	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	152,205	77,515	74,690	65	25	40	20	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	10	0	10	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	25	15	15	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	202,715	95,775	106,935	115	60	55	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	15	10	0	10	10	0
Americas	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	485	230	255	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	420	215	205	290	120	170
First generation¹⁰⁰	65	40	25	813,905	400,325	413,580	210	100	115	105	50	55
Second generation¹⁰¹	20	0	15	424,225	212,755	211,475	175	100	75	50	10	40
Third generation or more¹⁰²	405	185	220	721,230	352,590	368,630	35	25	20	145	60	80
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	40	20	20	544,455	263,425	281,040	165	90	75	60	25	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	20	20	0	303,105	155,090	148,020	100	50	45	45	20	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	151,015	87,200	63,815	40	20	20	25	15	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	15	15	0	152,090	67,890	84,205	60	30	30	20	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10	0	10	146,645	59,645	87,000	60	30	30	20	15	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	40	20	20	544,455	263,425	281,040	165	90	75	60	25	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	56,685	26,490	30,195	10	10	0	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	15	10	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	30	20	10	387,815	184,015	203,795	140	70	70	50	25	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	485	230	255	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	420	215	205	290	120	170
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	30	20	15	737,510	363,785	373,725	225	120	100	45	20	25
South Asian	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	75	45	30	0	0	0
Black	20	10	10	208,805	101,125	107,680	40	15	25	25	10	10
Filipino	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	151,890	79,375	72,515	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latin American	10	10	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	455	215	245	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	195	95	100	245	100	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	490	230	260	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	420	220	205	295	120	175
Canadian	145	80	70	241,015	115,880	125,135	25	10	10	35	15	20
English	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	15	0	10	102,325	48,885	53,440	0	0	0	25	15	10
Scottish	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	170	90	75	336,880	169,710	167,170	15	10	10	95	40	55
German	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	70	45	25	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	156,025	76,485	79,535	30	20	15	35	20	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	20	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	30	10	15	108,910	54,650	54,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	60	25	35	66,400	31,740	34,655	0	0	0	30	15	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	85	45	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	15	15	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	10	15	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	20	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	1,880	925	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	490	230	255	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	420	215	205	290	120	170
Buddhist	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	20	0	15	0	0	0
Christian	310	140	165	969,945	451,410	518,540	135	75	60	225	90	135
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	15	0	15	116,635	55,545	61,090	0	0	0	15	0	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	280	135	140	675,695	314,690	361,010	95	45	50	200	80	120
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	10	10	0	20	10	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	55	30	20	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	140	65	75	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	233,440	121,145	112,290	25	10	15	35	10	25
Sikh	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	180	85	95	590,140	310,985	279,165	45	25	15	25	20	10
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	485	230	250	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	425	220	205	295	115	175
Non-movers	445	215	230	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	415	220	200	285	110	170
Movers	45	15	20	255,365	129,500	125,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-migrants	20	10	15	186,805	94,745	92,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Migrants	20	0	10	68,560	34,750	33,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Internal migrants	20	0	10	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	455	215	235	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	415	215	200	290	115	170
Non-movers	245	120	120	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	260	125	135	175	75	100
Movers	210	95	115	821,475	413,250	408,230	155	90	60	115	45	70
Non-migrants	140	60	75	433,700	216,030	217,670	105	60	45	30	10	20
Migrants	70	30	40	387,770	197,215	190,560	45	30	15	85	35	50
Internal migrants	50	15	25	190,035	93,955	96,075	25	15	10	25	15	15
Intraprovincial migrants	45	15	20	159,710	78,770	80,940	25	15	10	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	25	15	15	197,735	103,260	94,485	20	15	0	55	20	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	425	200	225	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	370	190	180	260	110	155
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	30	30	274,820	136,500	138,320	40	25	10	40	10	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	170	195	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	330	160	165	225	95	125
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	275	135	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	215	115	100	145	60	80
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	10	121,295	65,950	55,345	0	0	0	10	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	255	115	135	975,700	481,690	494,005	215	115	100	135	60	75
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	425	195	230	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	365	185	180	265	110	150
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	25	25	247,460	120,840	126,625	35	20	15	40	15	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	95	35	60	319,755	162,520	157,240	65	25	35	30	0	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	140	140	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	265	135	130	195	95	95
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	80	60	473,060	232,855	240,210	100	50	50	80	35	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	35	10	146,170	81,740	64,425	35	15	15	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	20	0	106,110	54,025	52,085	25	15	0	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	10	0	10	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	40	35	260,845	122,345	138,495	50	30	25	45	20	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	66,045	28,760	37,285	15	10	10	25	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	140	60	80	609,855	291,355	318,505	165	85	80	115	60	60
Bachelor's degree	75	35	40	344,605	160,320	184,285	95	45	50	65	45	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	58,945	27,280	31,665	10	0	0	15	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	40	15	20	159,510	78,325	81,190	45	30	15	30	0	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	130	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	215	110	105	145	65	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	0	0	0	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	50	20	30	162,205	88,420	73,785	35	15	15	25	0	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	100	115	831,975	403,420	428,555	185	95	90	115	60	55
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	65	45	333,160	167,260	165,895	50	30	25	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	30	0	110,390	60,690	49,700	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	20	0	81,090	40,585	40,505	15	10	0	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	30	25	174,185	84,745	89,445	20	10	10	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	48,580	21,830	26,755	15	0	10	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	110	40	65	498,815	236,155	262,665	135	70	65	65	30	35
Bachelor's degree	70	30	45	276,640	128,890	147,745	70	30	40	40	25	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	15	10	0	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	10	0	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	15	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	35	25	10	20	0	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	10	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	425	195	230	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	365	185	180	265	110	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	145	60	85	567,220	283,355	283,860	100	50	50	70	20	55
Education	20	0	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0	10	0	10
13. Education	20	0	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	10	10	0	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	10	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Humanities	25	15	15	78,920	30,815	48,110	10	0	0	20	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	25	157,220	58,185	99,040	50	15	40	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	0	0	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	10	0	10	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	25	10	15	25	10	10
Business, management and public administration	75	35	40	248,895	110,950	137,945	75	40	30	50	25	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	35	20	237,125	108,040	129,090	75	40	30	50	25	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	20	15	0	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	10	10	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	20	15	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	20	15	10	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	30	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	35	25	15	30	20	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	20	10	0	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	15	0	10	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	10	35	122,295	30,795	91,495	25	10	15	20	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	35	109,185	24,140	85,045	25	10	15	20	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	10	0	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	275	135	150	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	215	115	105	145	60	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	60	30	35	265,025	144,230	120,800	30	15	15	30	0	20
Education	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	0	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Humanities	20	10	10	52,565	20,765	31,805	0	0	0	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	25	121,985	44,105	77,880	45	15	30	20	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	25	0	15	15	0	0
Business, management and public administration	45	15	25	199,525	87,920	111,600	60	30	30	40	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	15	20	190,410	85,600	104,810	60	30	30	40	15	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	10	10	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	20	10	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	20	10	10	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	30	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	30	25	0	10	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	20	15	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	92,595	23,265	69,330	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	20	82,410	18,370	64,045	15	0	10	0	0	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	275	135	150	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	215	115	105	145	60	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	30	35	265,025	144,230	120,800	30	15	15	30	0	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	215	105	110	831,975	403,415	428,560	185	100	90	115	55	60
Location of study inside Canada	185	85	100	598,455	286,340	312,115	115	60	55	95	40	50
Same as province or territory of residence	185	85	95	566,540	270,160	296,380	105	55	50	95	40	50
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	30	15	15	233,520	117,075	116,445	70	35	35	20	15	10
Americas	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	0	74,705	39,515	35,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	425	195	230	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	365	185	180	265	110	150
In the labour force	250	120	130	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	230	120	110	135	45	95
Employed	240	115	120	971,245	502,885	468,360	205	95	105	125	45	75
Unemployed	10	0	0	110,395	58,460	51,935	30	20	0	10	0	10
Not in the labour force	180	80	100	568,495	246,215	322,280	135	70	65	125	65	65
Participation rate	58.8	61.5	56.5	65.5	69.5	61.8	63.0	64.9	61.1	50.9	40.9	63.3
Employment rate	56.5	59.0	52.2	58.9	62.3	55.6	56.2	51.4	58.3	47.2	40.9	50.0
Unemployment rate	4.0	0.0	0.0	10.2	10.4	10.0	13.0	16.7	0.0	7.4	0.0	10.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	425	195	230	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	365	185	180	265	110	155
Did not work¹⁸⁶	180	85	95	582,470	253,075	329,400	120	60	55	125	65	65
Worked	245	115	135	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	245	120	120	135	45	90
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	45	55	529,400	287,950	241,450	125	70	55	70	30	40
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	145	70	70	538,265	266,540	271,725	120	55	65	65	15	45
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	42.0	40.0	39.7	40.2	39.3	39.4	40.8	38.0	38.4	39.0	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	245	120	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	235	125	110	140	45	90
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	245	120	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	230	115	110	135	45	85
Employee	220	100	120	907,745	457,830	449,915	190	90	105	105	30	70
Permanent position	190	95	100	741,830	380,445	361,385	170	80	85	70	10	60
Temporary position	25	10	15	165,915	77,385	88,530	25	10	15	30	20	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	10	69,690	31,285	38,405	10	10	0	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	10	0	96,225	46,100	50,120	15	0	10	20	15	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	15	0	142,380	88,145	54,230	35	30	10	30	15	20
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	245	120	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	235	125	110	140	45	90
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	245	120	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	230	115	110	135	45	85
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	10	10	0	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	20	15	207,660	79,975	127,685	60	30	30	30	25	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	20	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	15	10	10	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	20	10	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	25	0	25	15	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	15	45	140,500	46,385	94,115	15	10	0	25	0	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	15	10	0	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	50	25	25	263,055	135,300	127,750	60	25	35	30	0	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	30	15	109,555	99,115	10,440	10	10	0	10	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	10	10	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	245	120	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	235	125	110	140	45	90
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	245	120	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	230	115	110	135	45	85
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	15	10	37,460	31,570	5,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	35	20	15	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	15	10	10	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	25	10	15	111,555	56,180	55,375	35	0	30	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	15	10	0	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	15	15	53,430	27,205	26,225	20	10	10	15	15	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	25	10	10	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	15	130,405	75,750	54,655	25	25	0	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	35	10	30	95,290	34,510	60,780	10	0	0	15	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	45	25	20	142,545	36,095	106,450	25	0	25	25	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	10	0	0	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	15	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	0	0	0	10	0	10
91 Public administration	10	10	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	15	0	15	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	260	125	135	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	250	120	130	155	55	95
English	0	0	0	201,310	110,165	91,150	40	25	15	25	15	10
French	195	95	100	416,430	206,170	210,265	40	15	20	70	25	45
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	55	20	35	473,485	249,700	223,785	150	75	80	60	20	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	260	125	135	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	250	120	130	155	55	95
Single responses	250	125	130	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	200	100	100	150	50	95
Official languages	250	125	130	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	195	100	95	150	50	95
English	25	10	10	361,715	194,885	166,835	110	60	50	40	20	30
French	235	115	115	645,885	327,180	318,705	90	40	50	105	35	70
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	126,180	65,940	60,240	50	25	30	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	116,535	60,925	55,605	50	25	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	260	125	135	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	250	120	130	155	55	95
None	200	100	100	743,180	381,875	361,305	130	65	65	100	40	55
English	35	10	20	219,885	116,455	103,430	50	20	25	35	10	25
French	15	0	10	149,470	78,495	70,975	60	25	30	20	0	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	240	110	125	971,245	502,885	468,360	205	100	105	125	45	80
Worked at home	50	15	25	298,820	151,335	147,485	80	50	30	55	25	25
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	0	0	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	20	10	10	10	10	0
Usual place of work	185	90	95	580,035	286,695	293,340	110	45	65	60	0	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	185	90	95	580,035	286,695	293,340	110	40	65	60	10	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	165	85	80	427,475	202,010	225,465	90	30	60	55	0	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	10	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	15	10	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	190	95	95	669,150	349,485	319,665	125	50	75	70	15	50
Car, truck or van	140	75	65	395,615	229,315	166,300	105	40	60	30	10	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	130	75	50	365,770	218,475	147,295	95	40	50	30	10	20
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	29,845	10,845	19,005	10	0	10	0	0	0
Public transit	45	20	20	177,860	74,605	103,260	20	0	10	0	0	0
Walked	10	0	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	190	95	95	669,150	349,485	319,665	125	50	75	70	15	50
Less than 15 minutes	55	20	35	125,240	61,185	64,055	40	10	30	35	10	30
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	30	241,005	129,590	111,420	45	25	20	20	0	15
30 to 44 minutes	20	15	15	176,925	96,710	80,215	35	10	25	0	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	40	15	20	67,635	33,110	34,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	10	10	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	190	95	95	669,150	349,485	319,665	125	50	75	70	15	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	0	10	95,270	56,280	38,990	0	0	0	10	0	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	25	30	166,695	79,410	87,280	25	15	10	15	0	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	25	30	149,185	68,865	80,320	35	20	15	0	0	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	10	106,855	50,615	56,240	50	10	40	35	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	10	112,350	65,830	46,520	10	0	10	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	95	50	45	371,310	189,920	181,390	90	45	45	40	15	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	109,065	56,315	52,750	70	35	35	10	0	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	45	45	262,245	133,605	128,640	20	10	10	30	15	20
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	55	25	30	264,905	135,505	129,395	70	40	30	30	10	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	82,880	42,755	40,130	50	25	20	5	0	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	67,535	34,945	32,590	40	25	20	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	10	5	5	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	182,020	92,755	89,270	20	10	5	25	10	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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