Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660082More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24661781More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662817More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	676	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	674	...	...	756	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	340	...	...	976,966	...	...	418	...	...	311	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	319	...	...	910,359	...	...	386	...	...	300	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,546.1	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	9,258.2	...	...	3,339.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.07	...	...	0.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	675	355	315	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	675	375	300	755	380	375
0 to 14 years	105	65	45	309,765	158,545	151,225	55	25	30	170	95	75
0 to 4 years	40	25	20	99,195	50,760	48,435	15	5	10	80	50	30
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	106,985	54,660	52,320	20	5	10	55	30	20
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	20	15	10	45	20	20
15 to 64 years	480	255	225	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	580	330	250	485	235	250
15 to 19 years	30	20	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	5	5	5	45	25	20
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	140,025	70,895	69,125	75	35	35	55	25	30
25 to 29 years	45	25	20	165,525	83,630	81,895	130	70	60	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	55	35	25	157,725	78,995	78,730	115	70	45	55	30	25
35 to 39 years	45	30	20	149,265	74,115	75,155	60	35	25	60	35	35
40 to 44 years	55	25	30	142,365	70,920	71,445	50	30	20	65	25	35
45 to 49 years	50	25	25	125,505	62,690	62,815	40	25	15	40	15	25
50 to 54 years	50	25	25	121,710	61,735	59,975	30	15	10	45	30	20
55 to 59 years	55	25	30	125,465	63,810	61,655	35	20	10	50	25	20
60 to 64 years	60	30	30	118,065	57,920	60,140	35	15	20	30	10	20
65 years and over	90	40	50	351,325	151,210	200,120	35	20	20	100	50	50
65 to 69 years	45	20	25	99,325	46,730	52,595	20	5	10	35	20	15
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	86,030	39,185	46,845	10	5	5	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	15	5	5	63,215	27,320	35,895	10	0	5	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	46,875	18,960	27,915	0	0	0	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	0	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	0	0	0	20	0	15
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	33,210	12,200	21,010	0	0	0	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0	10	5	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	18.3	14.3	15.5	16.1	14.8	8.1	6.7	10.0	22.5	25.0	20.0
15 to 64 years	71.1	71.8	71.4	67.0	68.5	65.6	85.9	88.0	83.3	64.2	61.8	66.7
65 years and over	13.3	11.3	15.9	17.5	15.4	19.6	5.2	5.3	6.7	13.2	13.2	13.3
85 years and over	0.7	0.0	1.6	2.8	1.9	3.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.6	0.0	4.0
Average age of the population	40.6	38.9	42.6	41.0	39.8	42.1	36.2	36.8	35.4	36.4	34.6	38.1
Median age of the population	42.0	38.8	44.0	39.6	38.4	40.4	32.4	32.8	31.6	36.4	34.0	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	385	...	...	300	...	...
Single-detached house	10	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	65	...	...	34,075	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	110,440	...	...	70	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	130	...	...	479,885	...	...	295	...	...	295	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	3,450	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	320	...	...	910,355	...	...	385	...	...	300	...	...
1 person	140	...	...	367,400	...	...	205	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	271,730	...	...	120	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	118,205	...	...	35	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	98,205	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	54,820	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	665	355	310	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	675	375	300	755	380	375
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	565	295	275	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	620	345	270	585	285	300
Married or living common-law	265	135	130	822,440	414,330	408,115	240	130	110	230	120	115
Married	135	70	65	577,060	289,455	287,600	85	45	40	175	90	85
Living common-law	130	60	60	245,385	124,870	120,510	160	80	75	60	30	30
Living common law - Never married	110	60	55	207,040	104,785	102,250	155	80	70	50	25	25
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	0	5	0	10	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	305	165	140	872,060	410,935	461,125	375	220	155	350	165	185
Not married and not living common law - Never married	240	150	90	627,845	333,150	294,700	325	190	135	250	125	120
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	10	5	5	20	10	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	15	35	126,605	46,380	80,225	30	15	15	55	25	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	82,815	16,590	66,225	15	10	5	30	10	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	495,445	...	...	140	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	251,075	...	...	95	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	107,265	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	93,300	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	5	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	495,445	...	...	135	...	...	190	...	...
Total couple families	125	...	...	395,645	...	...	115	...	...	110	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	273,070	...	...	40	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	162,745	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	110,325	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	122,570	...	...	75	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	44,875	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	77,700	...	...	65	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	99,805	...	...	20	...	...	80	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	80,530	...	...	20	...	...	65	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	670	355	310	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	675	375	300	755	380	375
Total - Persons in census families	470	250	215	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	345	175	170	575	280	300
Married spouses or common-law partners	260	130	130	791,280	398,495	392,785	235	125	105	215	110	105
Parents in one-parent families	35	10	20	99,805	19,275	80,525	20	5	20	80	15	70
Children⁶	180	110	65	541,905	284,935	256,965	90	50	45	285	160	125
In a two-parent family	135	80	55	392,250	205,155	187,095	60	30	30	140	70	70
In a one-parent family	50	35	15	149,655	79,785	69,865	35	25	15	145	85	55
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	195	100	90	526,370	262,915	263,450	330	200	135	175	100	75
Living alone	140	75	65	367,395	175,660	191,740	205	130	75	90	50	40
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	25	10	15	40	20	25
Living with non-relatives only	40	15	25	109,690	65,235	44,455	100	60	45	45	35	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	390	...	...	300	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	145	...	...	455,970	...	...	125	...	...	160	...	...
Couple-family households	115	...	...	370,250	...	...	110	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	194,165	...	...	30	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	176,085	...	...	80	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	85,720	...	...	20	...	...	60	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	55,210	...	...	40	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	140	...	...	367,395	...	...	205	...	...	90	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	560	295	270	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	615	350	270	585	285	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	285	255	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	605	345	260	555	270	290
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	39,600	38,800	37,600	39,600	36,000	34,000	34,800	32,400	31,600	35,200	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	285	255	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	605	345	260	555	270	290
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	34,800	35,200	34,000	35,200	32,800	30,600	30,800	29,800	29,400	31,400	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	235	220	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	530	300	230	430	220	210
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,800	31,000	35,200	27,000	28,800	32,800	24,600	22,200	26,200	17,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	205	180	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	480	270	210	385	200	185
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	37,200	35,600	32,800	36,000	29,600	28,400	33,600	24,200	25,800	29,000	20,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	230	215	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	520	285	235	540	260	280
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,500	13,800	10,800	9,600	12,000	10,000	10,300	9,700	13,000	11,200	15,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	40	35	171,705	84,570	87,145	90	45	40	85	45	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,080	6,500	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,840	5,840	5,840	5,200	4,200	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	180	105	75	529,640	276,110	253,530	265	155	110	240	130	105
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	8,000	7,000	11,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	530	265	265	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	625	350	275	505	240	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	260	260	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	605	345	260	475	225	245
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	42,000	42,000	53,250	60,050	46,760	45,000	44,600	45,200	34,000	34,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	260	260	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	605	345	260	475	225	245
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,200	36,000	36,400	42,520	46,280	38,960	37,800	38,200	37,600	30,800	30,800	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	205	220	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	555	305	250	350	185	170
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,200	39,200	33,200	48,960	57,350	40,640	38,400	39,600	36,800	26,400	27,600	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	375	180	190	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	505	280	225	335	180	155
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,800	38,800	32,800	48,760	55,650	41,480	39,000	38,800	39,200	26,300	27,000	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	435	220	220	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	510	280	230	475	225	245
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,000	12,600	15,500	12,040	10,900	13,040	11,720	11,700	11,800	14,700	12,000	17,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	50	45	171,360	84,435	86,925	120	60	55	70	25	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,000	10,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	6,300	5,400	7,400	6,200	6,400	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	200	110	85	528,305	276,300	252,005	285	170	110	215	125	90
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,800	9,400	9,110	9,140	9,070	10,300	10,300	10,200	10,400	9,400	11,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	530	265	265	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	350	275	505	240	260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	85	85	514,340	278,505	235,830	195	125	70	135	75	60
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	52,000	47,600	60,000	63,600	56,000	52,800	60,800	49,200	40,400	41,600	34,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,200	58,000	49,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	57,200	62,000	48,000	37,000	39,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	80	80	504,455	247,565	256,895	290	145	145	120	60	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	22,600	12,500	16,400	17,400	15,500	19,200	17,600	19,600	19,000	27,200	15,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	23,000	19,500	26,920	29,400	24,520	28,400	21,200	36,000	23,200	24,000	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	71.5	74.0	69.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	78.0	79.0	77.0	57.2	65.0	50.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.0	65.0	59.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	72.5	72.0	74.0	54.4	62.0	48.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.2	25.6	31.2	18.9	14.4	24.4	22.0	21.6	22.8	42.8	35.0	50.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.8	3.4	4.4	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.7	2.2	3.4	2.8	2.0	3.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.4	8.6	8.4	6.4	5.9	7.0	11.4	12.0	10.4	15.4	16.0	14.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.6	8.0	7.4	5.7	5.4	6.0	10.6	11.4	9.6	13.6	14.8	12.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	560	295	265	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	620	345	270	585	285	300
Without total income	20	15	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	15	5	10	30	15	10
With total income	540	280	260	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	605	345	260	560	270	290
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	138,250	65,670	72,580	35	20	15	35	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	30	200,450	93,060	107,390	85	55	35	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	45	286,825	131,235	155,595	130	65	65	130	60	70
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	40	215,455	102,705	112,755	110	60	55	110	50	55
$40,000 to $49,999	85	30	50	181,505	86,460	95,040	55	35	25	95	50	45
$50,000 to $59,999	65	35	25	138,185	64,805	73,380	55	30	20	50	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	100,060	48,510	51,550	40	25	15	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	15	74,165	37,625	36,540	20	15	10	15	0	10
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	58,400	30,060	28,335	25	20	10	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	42,240	22,360	19,875	10	5	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	149,555	92,680	56,875	35	20	10	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	5	90,980	53,275	37,705	25	25	5	0	0	0
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	5	0	0	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	560	295	265	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	620	345	270	585	285	300
Without after-tax income	20	15	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	15	5	10	30	15	10
With after-tax income	540	280	260	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	605	345	260	560	270	290
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	144,275	67,955	76,320	35	20	15	35	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	30	210,975	98,495	112,480	95	60	35	100	45	60
$20,000 to $29,999	105	55	55	334,395	155,845	178,545	165	90	75	150	65	90
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	55	257,145	124,835	132,315	105	55	45	130	80	55
$40,000 to $49,999	100	55	45	204,980	97,805	107,175	75	40	35	85	35	50
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	25	139,760	67,315	72,450	60	35	25	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	93,705	46,700	47,005	30	15	5	10	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	61,765	31,815	29,945	20	10	10	5	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	10	10	0	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	10	10	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	5	0	0	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	0	0	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	560	295	265	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	620	345	270	585	285	300
Without employment income	175	90	85	495,060	212,405	282,660	140	80	60	200	85	120
With employment income	385	205	180	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	475	270	210	385	205	185
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	167,560	82,405	85,155	50	25	20	60	20	35
$5,000 to $9,999	30	10	15	111,575	52,975	58,595	55	30	30	40	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	55	25	25	151,350	72,815	78,530	75	35	40	65	30	35
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	116,030	56,295	59,730	70	35	35	60	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	40	25	15	65	45	20
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	104,250	51,950	52,300	45	25	15	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	45	20	25	30	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	15	66,190	35,045	31,145	25	20	10	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	20	10	5	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	20	15	10	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	5	5	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	115,575	74,545	41,030	25	20	5	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	15	0	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	10	10	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	560	295	270	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	615	350	270	585	285	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	530	275	255	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	595	340	255	540	260	275
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,200	33,600	34,000	36,400	31,800	30,600	31,600	26,800	25,000	28,400	23,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	530	275	255	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	595	340	255	540	260	275
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	34,000	31,000	31,000	32,800	29,400	27,800	29,400	25,600	24,200	26,800	22,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	445	230	220	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	515	285	225	415	220	195
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,000	29,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	32,400	37,600	28,000	21,800	28,000	15,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	380	195	180	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	470	265	205	360	190	170
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	38,400	33,600	33,600	36,800	30,400	32,400	36,800	28,400	25,600	30,600	17,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	425	215	215	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	480	260	215	495	240	255
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	4,520	8,400	4,440	2,760	7,300	2,060	2,040	2,160	7,750	3,240	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	60	30	25	114,940	56,080	58,855	65	35	35	70	35	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,240	4,200	4,480	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,120	2,940	5,360	3,720	2,960	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	530	265	265	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	625	350	275	505	240	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	250	265	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	595	335	260	460	220	240
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	36,400	36,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	41,800	41,400	42,400	27,600	29,600	25,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	250	265	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	595	335	260	460	220	240
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,500	31,600	31,400	39,800	43,800	35,920	35,200	35,000	35,200	25,600	26,600	24,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	430	200	230	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	530	290	240	355	180	180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	38,000	33,200	49,080	57,750	40,560	42,200	43,600	40,400	23,400	29,000	17,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	175	190	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	490	270	220	330	175	155
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	37,600	33,600	48,720	55,750	41,240	42,600	43,200	42,000	23,500	28,000	18,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	195	210	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	440	240	205	420	210	215
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,440	7,800	9,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	6,220	5,960	6,500	10,120	5,880	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	30	30	114,595	55,675	58,915	85	35	45	55	0	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	4,800	3,600	7,510	5,990	8,940	5,600	4,000	6,800	5,800	...	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	530	265	265	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	350	275	505	240	260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	85	85	507,645	274,575	233,070	195	125	70	130	75	55
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,800	39,200	42,800	54,400	58,400	50,400	51,600	60,400	40,400	33,200	36,400	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	47,600	50,000	46,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	52,400	57,000	42,000	31,200	37,000	23,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130	60	75	462,020	227,495	234,530	270	135	130	110	60	55
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	37,200	21,800	21,800	23,200	20,400	23,800	24,600	23,400	17,800	25,800	17,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	33,000	23,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	38,000	31,600	44,000	20,800	23,000	18,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.0	84.0	80.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	89.0	90.0	88.0	66.5	80.0	51.0
Employment income (%)	69.5	72.0	67.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	83.0	84.0	82.0	61.2	76.0	46.0
Government transfers (%)	18.4	16.8	20.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	11.0	10.2	12.2	33.6	19.2	49.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.6	1.2	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.9	1.0	3.0	2.6	x	4.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	320	...	...	910,355	...	...	385	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	66,000	...	...	54,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	58,000	...	...	46,800	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	140	...	...	367,395	...	...	205	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	38,000	...	...	35,600	...	...	32,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	34,000	...	...	31,200	...	...	30,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	180	...	...	542,960	...	...	180	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	325	...	...	910,360	...	...	390	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...	92,700	...	...	69,600	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,200	...	...	74,100	...	...	58,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	367,255	...	...	205	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	49,200	...	...	33,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	39,200	...	...	29,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	543,100	...	...	185	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	79,500	...	...	63,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	320	...	...	910,355	...	...	385	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	25,730	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	57,720	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	41,160	...	...	25	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	40,595	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	41,545	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	42,630	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	75,485	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	67,695	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	60,495	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	54,055	...	...	25	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	270,265	...	...	85	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	85,635	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	56,205	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	62,095	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	66,335	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	320	...	...	910,355	...	...	385	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,965	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	27,485	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	63,030	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	49,660	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	48,815	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	51,055	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	50,890	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	47,120	...	...	25	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	85,490	...	...	40	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	75,625	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	65,530	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	54,850	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,065	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	197,490	...	...	55	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	78,870	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	45,905	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	72,715	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	501,830	...	...	145	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	179,195	...	...	80	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	56,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	67,000	...	...	51,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	208,260	...	...	35	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	95,875	...	...	20	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	65,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	59,600	...	...	64,500	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	180	95	85	477,085	240,895	236,195	305	185	120	140	80	50
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	35,600	32,400	34,400	34,800	34,000	31,000	33,200	29,800	32,800	37,600	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	30,800	30,000	31,200	31,200	31,200	28,600	29,400	27,000	30,600	34,000	27,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	501,905	...	...	145	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	84,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	179,455	...	...	85	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	96,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	208,375	...	...	35	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	120,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	110,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	95,455	...	...	20	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	80,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	70,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	195	95	95	476,520	240,280	236,245	310	185	130	150	85	70
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	42,000	36,500	45,520	46,520	44,560	42,400	38,000	48,000	33,000	34,500	31,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	36,000	32,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	34,800	32,800	37,500	29,200	30,800	27,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	665	355	315	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	675	375	300	755	380	380
0 to 17 years	130	80	55	365,020	186,710	178,315	55	30	30	200	115	90
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	120,615	61,615	58,995	15	5	10	85	50	35
18 to 64 years	450	240	210	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	575	325	250	455	220	235
65 years and over	85	35	45	317,425	140,270	177,155	35	20	20	100	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	105	60	45	321,885	154,370	167,510	155	90	65	175	85	90
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	54,265	27,870	26,395	5	5	5	45	25	25
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	0	0	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	75	40	35	197,020	99,310	97,710	125	75	50	85	40	50
65 years and over	20	10	10	70,600	27,185	43,415	20	10	10	45	25	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	17.5	14.8	16.4	16.0	16.9	22.8	23.6	22.0	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	14.0	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	12.0	x	x	23.0	22.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	20.0	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	x	x	x	20.0	20.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.5	17.5	15.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	21.6	23.0	20.0	18.8	17.0	20.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	25.0	24.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	52.0	50.0	60.0	44.0	48.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	670	355	310	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	675	375	300	755	380	375
0 to 17 years	130	80	50	365,025	186,705	178,315	60	30	30	205	115	90
0 to 5 years	55	35	20	120,610	61,615	58,995	20	10	15	85	55	35
18 to 64 years	455	240	215	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	580	330	250	455	220	235
65 years and over	80	40	45	317,425	140,265	177,155	40	20	15	95	45	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	40	25	213,720	108,905	104,815	125	70	55	85	40	45
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	10	5	5	25	15	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	0	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	153,385	81,765	71,620	100	55	45	50	25	25
65 years and over	5	5	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	15	5	10	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.0	11.0	8.5	10.9	11.3	10.6	18.0	18.0	18.5	11.6	11.6	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	12.0	x	x	11.0	14.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	14.0	11.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	17.6	17.5	18.0	10.4	11.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	32.0	25.0	40.0	18.0	10.0	24.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	665	355	315	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	675	375	300	755	380	375
In bottom half of the distribution	460	250	210	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	465	255	215	630	320	315
In bottom decile	95	55	40	298,540	147,890	150,655	155	85	75	140	70	70
In second decile	85	45	40	244,435	115,985	128,450	100	65	35	150	70	80
In third decile	85	40	45	240,895	116,550	124,345	85	40	40	180	100	80
In fourth decile	85	50	40	218,125	105,885	112,240	75	40	40	95	50	40
In fifth decile	105	60	50	194,765	95,185	99,580	50	20	30	60	25	40
In top half of the distribution	210	105	100	762,590	384,140	378,450	210	125	85	125	60	65
In sixth decile	70	40	30	172,200	85,100	87,095	65	40	25	70	35	35
In seventh decile	55	25	30	156,540	78,290	78,250	45	30	20	45	20	25
In eighth decile	40	25	20	144,120	72,600	71,525	40	25	20	0	0	0
In ninth decile	30	15	20	134,265	68,285	65,980	25	20	10	0	0	0
In top decile	0	0	0	155,465	79,870	75,595	25	15	15	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	670	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	675	...	...	755	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.272	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.315	...	...	0.231	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.428	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.452	...	...	0.457	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.239	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.278	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
English only	10	5	5	262,290	133,690	128,600	35	25	10	20	10	10
French only	355	180	180	486,845	221,005	265,840	175	85	95	470	230	240
English and French	300	170	125	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	455	265	190	250	135	115
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	10	0	5	20	5	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
English	35	10	20	605,220	303,380	301,835	90	50	40	55	25	25
French	610	325	285	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	545	305	240	635	320	315
English and French	25	15	5	173,785	88,480	85,300	30	15	15	50	30	20
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	10	5	5	15	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
Single responses	640	335	305	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	645	365	280	705	355	350
Official languages	555	290	265	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	520	295	220	370	185	185
English	15	5	10	322,315	162,085	160,230	40	25	15	35	20	20
French	540	285	255	870,975	428,435	442,540	475	270	205	335	170	170
Non-official languages	85	40	40	643,275	311,525	331,750	130	70	60	335	165	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	40	40	642,820	311,370	331,445	130	70	60	335	165	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	5	5	0	40	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	10	0	0	10	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	10	0	0	10	0	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	112,200	59,320	52,880	0	0	0	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	107,605	56,960	50,645	0	0	0	30	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	24,640	11,340	13,300	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	19,905	9,185	10,725	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0	175	85	85
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0	130	60	70
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0	35	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	20	15	329,415	158,980	170,435	85	45	35	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	37,235	16,405	20,835	5	0	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	5	0	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	20	10	5	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	183,755	87,295	96,460	55	25	25	85	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	63,560	29,680	33,880	0	0	0	20	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	10	5	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	5	85,395	41,150	44,250	40	20	20	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	5	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lingala	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	57,075	26,030	31,035	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	56,890	25,955	30,935	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	5	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	10	143,450	71,980	71,470	30	10	20	50	25	25
English and French	10	10	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	10	5	10	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	32,265	15,955	16,310	5	0	5	0	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	5	5	0	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
English	10	5	5	340,470	170,050	170,425	40	25	15	25	10	15
French	520	270	245	779,125	383,000	396,125	440	250	190	315	160	155
Non-official language	20	10	10	204,395	96,705	107,690	40	25	20	85	40	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	204,315	96,670	107,645	40	25	20	85	40	45
English and French	40	20	15	173,135	89,205	83,935	65	30	35	40	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	135,390	66,995	68,400	20	15	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	180,900	85,935	94,965	30	15	15	215	110	105
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	154,470	76,450	78,020	35	15	15	50	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	12,130	5,690	6,435	5	0	5	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
Single responses	640	335	305	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	650	365	285	665	330	335
Official languages	590	305	280	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	585	330	260	470	235	235
English	15	10	10	479,850	239,270	240,580	70	40	30	45	25	25
French	570	300	270	956,130	471,155	484,975	515	290	225	420	210	215
Non-official languages	50	30	20	370,290	177,955	192,335	65	30	30	195	95	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	30	20	370,125	177,895	192,235	65	30	30	195	95	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	0	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	14,425	6,710	7,720	5	0	5	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0	110	55	55
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0	85	35	45
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	188,550	90,370	98,185	40	20	25	40	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	10	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	95,835	44,515	51,315	20	10	10	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	54,335	26,035	28,300	15	5	10	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	43,570	20,275	23,295	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	43,475	20,230	23,240	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	30,855	14,425	16,430	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10	173,745	85,640	88,110	25	15	15	95	50	45
English and French	10	10	0	53,305	27,065	26,240	10	5	5	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	57,355	27,790	29,565	5	5	0	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	5	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	355	310	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	675	375	300	755	380	375
None	575	305	265	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	540	305	235	505	260	245
English	30	20	15	131,630	67,290	64,340	50	25	20	30	15	15
French	15	10	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	25	10	10	100	55	50
Non-official language	35	15	20	144,335	69,210	75,130	25	15	15	90	40	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	144,155	69,135	75,015	25	15	15	90	40	45
English and French	5	0	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	5	0	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	15	10	5	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	33,620	16,170	17,450	10	5	5	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	0	0	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	615	325	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	690	380	310	635	300	335
Official languages	615	325	285	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	690	380	310	620	290	325
English	275	140	135	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	500	290	210	190	95	95
French	590	320	275	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	665	365	300	610	290	320
Non-official languages	105	50	55	971,455	471,755	499,700	220	105	115	380	185	195
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	50	55	970,710	471,495	499,220	220	105	115	380	185	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	217,295	113,605	103,690	40	15	30	65	40	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	205,120	107,210	97,905	20	15	0	65	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	20	15	0	65	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	0	0	0	260	125	140
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	0	0	0	260	120	140
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0	75	40	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	10	25	514,485	250,190	264,295	165	80	85	65	35	30
Albanian	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	20	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	20	15	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	20	324,695	154,360	170,340	130	60	70	65	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	35	10	25	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	193,835	91,345	102,490	115	55	60	50	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20	33,295	16,860	16,435	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	615	325	290	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	690	380	315	635	300	340
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15	10	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	10	0	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	10	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	600	315	285	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	680	380	300	635	300	340
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	615	325	290	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	690	380	315	635	300	340
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	610	325	285	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	685	380	305	635	300	340
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	360,125	...	...	105	...	...	10	...	...
Renter	200	...	...	550,240	...	...	290	...	...	275	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	192,985	...	...	50	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	270	...	...	717,375	...	...	340	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	19,730	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	95	...	...	267,715	...	...	145	...	...	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	130	...	...	303,875	...	...	150	...	...	135	...	...
3 bedrooms	65	...	...	220,945	...	...	55	...	...	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	175	...	...	501,570	...	...	245	...	...	190	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	166,230	...	...	80	...	...	85	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	78,495	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	58,850	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	105,210	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	4.7	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
One person or fewer per room	320	...	...	881,730	...	...	380	...	...	280	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Suitable	310	...	...	834,885	...	...	380	...	...	255	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	75,475	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...	325,005	...	...	200	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	282,605	...	...	55	...	...	165	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	101,185	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	63,765	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	32,020	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	295	...	...	833,540	...	...	350	...	...	265	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	76,815	...	...	45	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
One-maintainer household	205	...	...	543,605	...	...	240	...	...	190	...	...
Two-maintainer household	100	...	...	333,140	...	...	130	...	...	90	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	33,620	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	162,375	...	...	170	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	171,535	...	...	70	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	155,520	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	70	...	...	156,865	...	...	45	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	122,825	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	70,345	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	320	...	...	902,485	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	240	...	...	686,075	...	...	290	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	216,410	...	...	100	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	189,795	...	...	100	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	320	...	...	910,360	...	...	395	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	330,635	...	...	140	...	...	110	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...	186,350	...	...	85	...	...	60	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	56,480	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	50,745	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	210	...	...	579,720	...	...	250	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	310	...	...	875,865	...	...	390	...	...	280	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	87,945	...	...	40	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	275	...	...	787,925	...	...	350	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	120	...	...	360,120	...	...	100	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	100.0	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.2	...	...	17.4	...	...	30.0	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,640	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,640	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	410,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	200	...	...	550,235	...	...	290	...	...	275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	12.1	...	...	7.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	28.4	...	...	24.1	...	...	21.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.4	...	...	14.6	...	...	12.1	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	890	...	...	870	...	...	755	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	987	...	...	890	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	615	325	285	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	690	375	310	635	300	335
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	10	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	35	10	25	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	10	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	35	10	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	10	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	30	10	20	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	20	0	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	20	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	590	310	280	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	635	365	270	635	300	335
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	615	330	285	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	690	380	310	635	295	335
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	570	305	265	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	560	320	240	490	225	265
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	70	20	322,965	164,980	157,985	50	25	25	145	70	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	480	235	240	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	515	290	220	345	155	190
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	45	20	25	313,410	160,530	152,885	125	55	70	145	75	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	615	330	285	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	690	380	310	635	295	335
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	495	270	230	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	470	255	215	315	140	180
Immigrants⁸¹	105	55	50	652,730	313,955	338,770	170	95	70	255	120	135
Before 1980	15	0	0	108,265	50,530	57,735	25	0	15	25	10	15
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	25	20	0	20	10	10
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	106,810	50,520	56,290	20	20	0	65	20	45
2001 to 2010	35	15	15	154,780	74,520	80,255	30	20	15	35	20	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	20	25	213,175	104,225	108,950	65	25	40	105	55	55
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	99,070	48,005	51,065	10	10	0	70	35	35
2016 to 2021	35	15	20	114,110	56,220	57,885	55	20	40	35	20	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	50	30	25	65	40	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	105	55	50	652,725	313,955	338,770	165	95	70	255	120	135
Under 5 years	15	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	15	0	10	20	0	10
5 to 14 years	20	10	10	103,285	51,965	51,320	15	10	10	60	30	35
15 to 24 years	20	15	10	118,475	53,035	65,440	20	15	0	65	25	40
25 to 44 years	40	20	25	326,320	158,620	167,700	115	70	45	90	50	35
45 years and over	10	0	10	51,660	23,520	28,140	0	0	0	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	105	55	50	652,725	313,955	338,770	165	95	70	255	120	135
Americas	0	0	0	137,955	63,465	74,485	40	20	20	205	90	115
Brazil	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	0	0	0	165	70	95
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	20	10	15	10	10	0
Europe	15	0	10	158,795	76,610	82,190	55	30	25	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	35	20	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	65	40	25	152,205	77,515	74,690	40	15	20	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	30	10	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	47,960	24,705	23,260	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	25	10	10	202,715	95,775	106,935	25	20	10	30	20	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0	20	20	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0	15	0	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	15	20	114,110	56,220	57,885	55	20	35	40	20	15
Americas	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0	40	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0	30	20	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	15	20	36,195	17,970	18,225	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	615	325	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	690	380	310	635	300	335
First generation¹⁰⁰	120	60	60	813,905	400,325	413,580	220	120	100	325	160	155
Second generation¹⁰¹	55	25	25	424,225	212,755	211,475	110	40	70	170	80	90
Third generation or more¹⁰²	440	240	200	721,230	352,590	368,630	360	220	145	145	50	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	95	45	45	544,455	263,425	281,040	145	90	55	230	110	120
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	20	15	10	303,105	155,090	148,020	95	55	40	40	10	30
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	0	10	151,015	87,200	63,815	55	35	20	25	0	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	15	15	0	152,090	67,890	84,205	45	25	20	15	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	20	25	146,645	59,645	87,000	30	20	15	115	60	50
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	15	85,165	44,145	41,025	10	10	0	50	25	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	95	45	45	544,455	263,425	281,040	145	90	55	230	110	120
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	0	0	0	30	20	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	56,685	26,490	30,195	25	10	15	25	10	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	75	35	45	387,815	184,015	203,795	105	70	35	165	75	90
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	615	325	290	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	690	380	315	635	300	340
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	125	65	65	737,510	363,785	373,725	125	70	55	455	215	235
South Asian	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	35	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	15	69,985	32,190	37,795	10	0	0	0	0	0
Black	80	40	40	208,805	101,125	107,680	25	15	10	360	165	195
Filipino	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	10	10	0	151,890	79,375	72,515	10	10	0	65	40	25
Latin American	0	0	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	35	20	15	25	10	10
Southeast Asian	15	10	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	485	260	230	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	565	310	255	185	85	100
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	615	330	290	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	690	380	310	635	295	335
Canadian	135	60	75	241,015	115,880	125,135	105	60	45	45	25	25
English	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	30	10	25	0	0	0
Irish	20	10	10	102,325	48,885	53,440	65	35	25	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	25	10	15	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	95	50	45	336,880	169,710	167,170	215	135	80	30	25	0
German	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	20	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	15	74,630	34,410	40,220	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	15	156,025	76,485	79,535	40	25	15	20	15	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	100	65	35	108,910	54,650	54,260	40	25	15	45	20	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	80	45	35	66,400	31,740	34,655	20	10	10	25	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	15	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	30	0	20	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	10	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	35	30	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	10	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	15	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	10	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0	45	15	30
Jewish	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0	50	30	20
Iranian	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	25	20	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0	290	135	150
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	50	15	35	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	615	325	290	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	690	380	310	635	300	340
Buddhist	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	405	195	210	969,945	451,410	518,540	225	125	100	415	190	225
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	65	20	35	116,635	55,545	61,090	25	15	15	70	35	35
Anabaptist	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0	40	15	25
Catholic	325	165	165	675,695	314,690	361,010	190	105	90	165	80	90
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0	25	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0	105	45	60
Hindu	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	233,440	121,145	112,290	75	35	40	95	45	45
Sikh	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	195	120	70	590,140	310,985	279,165	385	220	165	120	65	60
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	610	325	285	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	685	375	310	625	295	330
Non-movers	505	275	230	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	560	300	260	550	260	290
Movers	105	50	55	255,365	129,500	125,865	125	75	50	70	30	40
Non-migrants	95	50	45	186,805	94,745	92,055	110	70	35	55	25	30
Migrants	15	0	15	68,560	34,750	33,810	20	0	15	10	0	10
Internal migrants	15	0	15	37,680	18,795	18,885	20	0	15	10	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	570	300	275	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	675	375	300	565	270	295
Non-movers	295	165	135	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	255	155	100	270	110	155
Movers	275	135	140	821,475	413,250	408,230	420	225	195	300	160	140
Non-migrants	205	110	95	433,700	216,030	217,670	225	150	70	210	115	95
Migrants	75	25	50	387,770	197,215	190,560	195	70	130	90	45	40
Internal migrants	30	10	20	190,035	93,955	96,075	110	45	70	25	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	15	159,710	78,770	80,940	90	30	60	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	20	10	10	0	0	0
External migrants	45	15	30	197,735	103,260	94,485	85	30	55	65	40	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	530	265	265	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	350	275	505	240	265
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	135	95	45	274,820	136,500	138,320	90	65	30	235	115	115
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	400	175	225	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	535	285	245	275	125	150
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	400	200	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	520	310	210	330	170	165
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	70	30	121,295	65,950	55,345	60	55	0	145	80	60
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	305	135	175	975,700	481,690	494,005	460	260	205	190	85	100
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	535	265	265	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	350	270	505	240	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	80	40	247,460	120,840	126,625	80	60	20	190	105	85
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	30	60	319,755	162,520	157,240	110	70	40	120	45	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	315	150	165	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	440	220	220	190	90	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	95	90	473,060	232,855	240,210	230	130	100	175	75	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	55	30	146,170	81,740	64,425	75	45	25	130	45	80
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	20	20	106,110	54,025	52,085	60	35	25	110	40	70
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	30	15	40,055	27,715	12,340	15	10	0	20	10	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	260,845	122,345	138,495	120	70	50	45	25	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20	66,045	28,760	37,285	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	130	55	75	609,855	291,355	318,505	205	85	120	25	10	10
Bachelor's degree	80	35	45	344,605	160,320	184,285	140	50	85	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15	58,945	27,280	31,665	10	0	10	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	25	10	15	159,510	78,325	81,190	45	25	20	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	400	200	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	525	315	205	335	165	165
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	60	30	102,815	55,805	47,015	55	50	0	115	75	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	25	45	162,205	88,420	73,785	100	70	30	70	20	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	250	120	135	831,975	403,420	428,555	365	190	170	150	75	80
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	75	75	333,160	167,260	165,895	170	105	60	130	60	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	45	35	110,390	60,690	49,700	55	35	20	100	40	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	15	15	81,090	40,585	40,505	40	25	10	85	30	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	25	15	29,300	20,105	9,195	10	10	0	15	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	20	25	174,185	84,745	89,445	70	45	30	30	25	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	48,580	21,830	26,755	35	20	20	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	100	40	55	498,815	236,155	262,665	195	85	110	20	15	10
Bachelor's degree	55	25	25	276,640	128,890	147,745	130	50	80	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20	48,390	21,995	26,395	10	0	0	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	10	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	45	30	20	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	535	270	270	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	625	350	270	500	245	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	220	115	100	567,220	283,355	283,860	190	130	60	310	150	160
Education	20	15	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10	0	0	0
13. Education	20	15	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	60	25	30	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	60	25	30	0	0	0
Humanities	15	10	10	78,920	30,815	48,110	45	15	30	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	15,135	3,710	11,430	15	0	15	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	15	10	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	20	20	157,220	58,185	99,040	65	20	45	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	10	0	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	15	10	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	0	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	35	10	20	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	80	30	50	248,895	110,950	137,945	100	70	25	35	10	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	30	35	237,125	108,040	129,090	95	65	25	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	15	0	15	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	20	20	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	20	20	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	35	15	173,380	143,615	29,765	40	35	0	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	10	10	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0	15	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	10	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	10	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	15	35	122,295	30,795	91,495	50	20	25	60	0	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	45	15	35	109,185	24,140	85,045	45	15	25	60	0	50
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	15	25	42,230	22,590	19,640	20	0	10	30	20	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	25	26,800	9,745	17,060	20	0	10	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	400	200	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	520	310	210	330	170	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	150	85	70	265,025	144,230	120,800	160	120	35	180	95	90
Education	15	10	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	0	0	0
13. Education	15	10	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	45	30	20	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	45	30	20	0	0	0
Humanities	10	10	0	52,565	20,765	31,805	25	0	20	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	10	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	20	15	121,985	44,105	77,880	50	20	30	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	15	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	25	10	10	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	70	25	40	199,525	87,920	111,600	95	60	30	25	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	25	30	190,410	85,600	104,810	90	60	30	25	10	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	15	0	10	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	53,860	38,275	15,590	20	15	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	20	15	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	15	137,395	112,025	25,370	35	30	0	35	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	15	10	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	10	16,030	15,195	835	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0	15	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	10	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	10	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	20	92,595	23,265	69,330	50	20	30	50	0	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	82,410	18,370	64,045	35	15	25	50	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	20	32,910	17,695	15,220	10	0	0	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	20	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	400	200	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	520	310	210	330	170	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	85	70	265,025	144,230	120,800	160	120	35	180	95	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	245	115	130	831,975	403,415	428,560	360	195	170	155	75	75
Location of study inside Canada	205	105	105	598,455	286,340	312,115	280	145	135	130	55	75
Same as province or territory of residence	205	105	105	566,540	270,160	296,380	275	140	130	130	55	75
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	40	10	30	233,520	117,075	116,445	80	45	35	20	20	0
Americas	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	10	0	10	15	10	0
United States of America	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	15	74,705	39,515	35,190	50	35	15	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	45	35	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	15	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	535	265	265	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	350	270	505	240	265
In the labour force	345	170	175	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	490	275	215	300	160	140
Employed	310	145	165	971,245	502,885	468,360	440	230	210	260	135	125
Unemployed	35	20	15	110,395	58,460	51,935	50	45	0	45	25	20
Not in the labour force	190	95	90	568,495	246,215	322,280	130	80	55	205	85	125
Participation rate	64.5	64.2	66.0	65.5	69.5	61.8	78.4	78.6	79.6	59.4	66.7	52.8
Employment rate	57.9	54.7	62.3	58.9	62.3	55.6	70.4	65.7	77.8	51.5	56.3	47.2
Unemployment rate	10.1	11.8	8.6	10.2	10.4	10.0	10.2	16.4	0.0	15.0	15.6	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	535	270	265	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	625	350	270	500	245	265
Did not work¹⁸⁶	185	95	95	582,470	253,075	329,400	130	70	60	235	100	135
Worked	345	175	175	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	495	285	215	265	140	130
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	175	90	90	529,400	287,950	241,450	195	125	70	140	75	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	170	80	85	538,265	266,540	271,725	305	160	145	125	65	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.1	39.4	38.6	39.7	40.2	39.3	38.3	38.0	38.8	38.8	38.4	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	345	170	175	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	490	275	220	300	160	145
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	0	0	15	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	345	165	175	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	480	265	215	290	150	135
Employee	315	155	160	907,745	457,830	449,915	405	215	190	260	140	120
Permanent position	265	120	145	741,830	380,445	361,385	320	175	140	240	135	105
Temporary position	45	30	20	165,915	77,385	88,530	90	35	50	25	0	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	20	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	40	20	20	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	10	15	96,225	46,100	50,120	50	15	30	10	0	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	15	15	142,380	88,145	54,230	75	50	25	25	15	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	345	170	175	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	490	275	220	300	160	145
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	0	0	15	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	345	165	175	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	480	265	215	290	150	135
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	25	35	207,660	79,975	127,685	115	45	65	45	15	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	10	10	114,775	85,780	28,990	45	30	20	15	10	0
3 Health occupations	30	10	15	85,545	21,700	63,845	30	15	20	35	0	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	15	25	140,500	46,385	94,115	65	20	45	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	35	15	20	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	100	30	70	263,055	135,300	127,750	115	80	40	85	45	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	55	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	40	40	0	40	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	25	20	0	50	40	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	345	170	175	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	490	275	220	300	160	145
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	0	0	15	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	345	165	175	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	480	265	215	290	150	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	10	10	37,460	31,570	5,890	25	25	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	15	86,535	58,295	28,235	25	15	10	55	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	10	0	0	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	25	10	111,555	56,180	55,375	20	15	10	40	30	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	25	25	0	25	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	25	10	15	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	15	15	0	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	15	0	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	10	20	130,405	75,750	54,655	70	30	45	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	10	49,530	29,800	19,735	25	15	15	25	20	0
61 Educational services	20	10	15	95,290	34,510	60,780	15	0	10	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	65	10	55	142,545	36,095	106,450	55	15	40	45	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	20	15	10	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	20	59,510	32,125	27,380	50	40	10	30	10	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	15	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	40	10	30	15	0	15
91 Public administration	15	0	10	42,120	20,455	21,665	20	20	0	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	370	185	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	515	290	225	345	185	165
English	10	10	0	201,310	110,165	91,150	40	30	15	15	0	10
French	265	140	125	416,430	206,170	210,265	195	100	95	290	165	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	95	40	50	473,485	249,700	223,785	265	160	105	45	15	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	15	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	370	185	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	515	290	225	345	185	165
Single responses	360	175	185	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	465	280	190	330	175	155
Official languages	360	175	185	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	465	280	190	330	175	155
English	25	10	20	361,715	194,885	166,835	105	80	25	30	10	15
French	330	170	165	645,885	327,180	318,705	360	200	160	305	170	135
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	126,180	65,940	60,240	50	15	35	20	10	10
English and French	10	10	0	116,535	60,925	55,605	45	15	30	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	370	185	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	515	290	225	345	185	165
None	280	155	130	743,180	381,875	361,305	285	140	145	320	175	145
English	65	30	40	219,885	116,455	103,430	155	100	55	15	0	10
French	15	0	15	149,470	78,495	70,975	60	50	15	15	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	305	150	165	971,245	502,885	468,360	440	230	210	260	130	125
Worked at home	45	10	35	298,820	151,335	147,485	140	70	80	15	10	10
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	40	25	15	89,120	62,795	26,325	35	20	15	45	15	30
Usual place of work	225	115	105	580,035	286,695	293,340	265	140	115	195	105	85
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	225	115	110	580,035	286,695	293,340	260	140	115	195	110	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	200	100	100	427,475	202,010	225,465	210	105	105	135	75	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	25	15	10	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	10	15	58,865	35,690	23,175	20	15	0	50	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	265	140	125	669,150	349,485	319,665	295	165	130	235	125	115
Car, truck or van	150	95	60	395,615	229,315	166,300	115	70	40	130	75	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	140	90	55	365,770	218,475	147,295	105	70	35	115	70	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	10	0	0	20	0	10
Public transit	80	25	55	177,860	74,605	103,260	120	60	60	100	40	60
Walked	20	20	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	265	140	125	669,150	349,485	319,665	295	165	130	235	125	115
Less than 15 minutes	35	20	20	125,240	61,185	64,055	35	25	10	20	15	0
15 to 29 minutes	95	65	30	241,005	129,590	111,420	115	50	70	100	55	40
30 to 44 minutes	75	35	40	176,925	96,710	80,215	100	65	30	45	20	25
45 to 59 minutes	30	0	30	67,635	33,110	34,530	15	15	0	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	30	15	10	58,350	28,905	29,445	25	15	15	45	15	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	265	140	125	669,150	349,485	319,665	295	165	130	235	125	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	10	15	38,800	28,480	10,315	25	25	0	40	25	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	55	30	20	95,270	56,280	38,990	50	20	25	55	30	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	40	55	166,695	79,410	87,280	60	40	20	25	0	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	10	149,185	68,865	80,320	60	30	35	20	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	20	0	106,855	50,615	56,240	55	25	25	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	20	20	112,350	65,830	46,520	45	25	20	80	50	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	130	80	55	371,310	189,920	181,390	60	25	30	205	115	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	109,065	56,315	52,750	15	5	5	45	20	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	80	45	262,245	133,605	128,640	50	20	25	160	95	65
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	85	50	35	264,905	135,505	129,395	40	20	20	125	70	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	82,880	42,755	40,130	10	5	5	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	67,535	34,945	32,590	10	5	5	25	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	55	30	182,020	92,755	89,270	30	15	15	95	50	45

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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