Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660081More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660487More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660885More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	700	...	...	578	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	582	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	301	...	...	244	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	263	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	282	...	...	231	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	247	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7,462.7	...	...	16,011.1	...	...	6.5	...	...	6,402.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.09	...	...	0.04	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	700	345	355	580	270	305	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	585	275	305
0 to 14 years	105	55	50	100	50	55	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	100	45	50
0 to 4 years	40	20	15	30	15	15	422,980	217,145	205,840	35	20	15
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	30	10	15	478,955	245,295	233,665	35	15	15
10 to 14 years	30	20	15	40	20	20	489,425	250,855	238,570	35	10	20
15 to 64 years	445	225	225	375	180	195	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	390	185	205
15 to 19 years	45	25	20	35	20	20	429,400	219,400	209,995	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	40	15	25	30	15	20	460,660	235,250	225,405	50	25	25
25 to 29 years	50	25	25	35	20	10	527,150	266,455	260,700	55	25	30
30 to 34 years	45	15	25	40	15	25	536,040	267,770	268,270	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	45	25	20	40	15	20	550,425	274,350	276,075	45	15	30
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	45	25	20	572,565	286,405	286,160	45	20	20
45 to 49 years	45	25	25	40	20	20	516,465	259,565	256,905	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	35	20	15	40	25	20	522,935	262,610	260,325	35	15	15
55 to 59 years	55	25	25	35	15	20	615,690	307,230	308,465	35	10	25
60 to 64 years	50	25	25	35	20	10	625,610	307,710	317,900	35	15	15
65 years and over	150	70	85	105	40	60	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	95	40	50
65 to 69 years	35	20	20	25	10	10	541,970	264,020	277,950	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	25	15	15	25	10	20	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	20	15	10	15	5	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	10	15
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	20	10	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	10	10
85 years and over	40	10	30	20	5	15	214,415	75,305	139,115	15	0	10
85 to 89 years	20	10	15	15	5	5	131,755	50,610	81,150	15	0	10
90 to 94 years	10	5	10	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.9	14.1	17.2	18.5	18.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	17.1	16.4	16.4
15 to 64 years	63.6	65.2	63.4	64.7	66.7	63.9	63.0	63.9	62.1	66.7	67.3	67.2
65 years and over	21.4	20.3	23.9	18.1	14.8	19.7	20.6	19.1	22.1	16.2	14.5	16.4
85 years and over	5.7	2.9	8.5	3.4	1.9	4.9	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.6	0.0	3.3
Average age of the population	43.5	42.2	44.7	41.1	40.8	41.4	42.8	41.8	43.7	39.6	38.8	40.4
Median age of the population	42.4	41.6	43.6	41.2	42.8	40.4	43.2	42.0	44.0	37.6	37.2	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	280	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Single-detached house	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	80	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	155	...	...	230	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	280	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
1 person	110	...	...	65	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	70	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	30	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	45	...	...	427,605	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	228,060	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	640	325	320	580	270	310	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	575	275	305
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	595	290	305	475	225	255	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	485	230	255
Married or living common-law	275	140	135	245	125	125	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	235	115	120
Married	150	80	75	210	110	105	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	200	100	100
Living common-law	125	65	60	35	20	20	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	40	20	20
Living common law - Never married	100	55	50	25	15	10	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	30	15	15
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	10	10	5	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	320	150	170	230	95	135	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	245	110	135
Not married and not living common law - Never married	220	120	100	155	75	75	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	180	90	90
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	10	0	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	15	25	30	15	20	494,210	197,455	296,755	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	50	15	40	35	5	30	380,100	89,515	290,580	30	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	155	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	65	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	30	...	...	454,980	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	40	...	...	412,850	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	15	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	155	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	145	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	120	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	115	...	...
Married couples	70	...	...	105	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	70	...	...	502,020	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	35	...	...	609,605	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	15	...	...	828,005	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	10	...	...	426,120	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	35	...	...	383,775	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	30	...	...	284,025	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	640	325	315	575	270	310	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	580	270	305
Total - Persons in census families	475	235	240	480	225	250	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	420	195	230
Married spouses or common-law partners	265	135	130	240	115	115	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	220	110	115
Parents in one-parent families	35	10	25	40	10	25	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	5	25
Children⁶	175	90	85	205	100	105	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	170	80	85
In a two-parent family	125	65	60	155	75	80	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	120	60	60
In a one-parent family	50	30	25	50	25	25	585,820	317,400	268,415	45	20	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	85	80	100	40	55	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	155	80	70
Living alone	105	55	55	65	25	40	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	85	40	45
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	10	15	5	10	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	40	20	15	20	15	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	55	35	20
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	285	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	135	...	...	145	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	110	...	...	110	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	70	...	...	851,835	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	40	...	...	982,260	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	30	...	...	331,395	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	10	...	...	139,280	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	65	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	85	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	535	265	270	475	220	255	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	480	225	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	255	260	460	215	245	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	450	215	235
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	41,200	38,400	29,000	30,000	28,400	40,800	44,800	37,200	32,000	32,400	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	255	260	460	215	245	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	450	215	235
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	34,800	34,000	27,600	28,000	27,600	36,400	39,200	33,600	29,200	29,600	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	220	235	380	180	205	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	390	190	205
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	36,800	31,800	18,000	22,800	13,500	33,600	39,600	28,000	18,800	23,400	17,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	180	185	310	155	155	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	315	155	160
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	37,200	33,600	23,400	26,200	20,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	23,200	27,200	18,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	450	215	230	410	190	220	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	405	195	215
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,900	9,900	13,900	12,800	14,500	11,500	10,200	12,300	13,200	12,300	14,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	30	40	70	35	30	837,635	441,080	396,550	55	25	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	6,500	5,760	6,160	5,760	6,500	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,480	6,080	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	150	80	70	185	95	90	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	175	90	90
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,900	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,700	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	9,500	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	505	255	255	510	240	265	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	245	240	495	240	255	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	410	190	220
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,800	42,800	53,200	30,500	33,200	28,200	51,160	57,550	44,960	40,000	36,800	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	245	240	495	240	255	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	410	190	220
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,000	35,200	42,400	27,700	30,200	25,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	35,200	31,800	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	185	220	405	200	205	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	355	155	195
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	42,400	44,800	21,200	23,800	18,600	45,480	52,900	38,000	31,300	32,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	150	170	310	160	155	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	300	145	160
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	44,000	45,200	25,800	28,800	22,800	46,240	51,950	40,040	33,600	34,000	33,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	420	190	230	480	235	240	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	375	170	210
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,440	12,800	12,200	13,700	13,500	13,900	12,410	11,500	13,220	14,000	10,600	16,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	25	35	90	50	40	837,180	441,665	395,515	55	15	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,400	9,000	6,400	5,900	6,600	5,200	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,800	6,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	70	60	205	110	90	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	160	55	105
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,200	8,800	9,600	9,600	9,600	8,130	7,910	8,390	10,600	12,000	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	510	255	255	505	240	265	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	130	55	70	70	45	30	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	105	55	50
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	60,400	50,000	50,800	57,200	x	58,400	62,800	53,600	55,600	48,000	58,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,000	64,000	60,000	50,000	52,000	52,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	62,000	60,000	64,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	75	75	195	100	95	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	120	50	65
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	23,600	22,600	17,000	17,000	19,000	18,600	21,400	16,600	17,000	10,600	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,500	36,000	40,000	18,600	19,200	18,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	22,000	20,000	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.5	76.0	78.0	56.8	60.0	53.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	67.5	74.0	63.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.0	64.0	59.0	53.0	56.0	48.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	61.0	70.0	56.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.6	23.6	22.0	43.2	40.0	47.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	32.4	26.4	37.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.4	1.8	3.5	4.0	2.8	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.0	1.2	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	7.2	5.1	14.6	15.0	14.0	5.4	4.8	6.1	11.9	10.8	12.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	6.4	4.4	13.0	13.6	12.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	10.6	9.5	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	535	265	265	475	225	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	475	225	255
Without total income	25	10	10	15	10	10	179,955	87,650	92,310	30	5	20
With total income	515	255	260	465	215	245	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	450	220	235
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	50	20	25	462,400	204,245	258,155	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	85	40	45	809,375	334,315	475,065	70	35	40
$20,000 to $29,999	85	35	50	110	50	65	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	95	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	40	70	30	35	896,520	414,070	482,445	85	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	30	50	25	30	849,005	411,680	437,325	55	25	35
$50,000 to $59,999	55	20	30	40	15	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	20	20	10	5	503,110	271,695	231,415	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	15	10	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	20	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	10	5	5	284,690	158,760	125,930	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	5	5	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	30	15	10	10	5	0	556,780	365,700	191,080	10	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	20	10	10	5	0	0	385,890	245,635	140,260	5	0	0
$150,000 and over	10	0	5	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	535	265	265	475	225	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	475	225	255
Without after-tax income	25	10	10	15	10	10	177,960	86,610	91,355	30	5	20
With after-tax income	515	255	260	465	215	245	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	450	220	235
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	50	20	25	495,035	214,000	281,030	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	35	85	45	45	853,250	356,480	496,765	75	40	40
$20,000 to $29,999	95	40	55	125	55	75	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	100	55	45	85	45	45	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	85	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	80	35	40	60	30	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	25	20	10	10	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	15	5	10	459,665	251,490	208,170	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	10	5	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	0	0	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	5	0	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	0	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	535	265	265	475	225	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	475	225	255
Without employment income	170	85	85	170	70	100	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	170	70	95
With employment income	365	180	185	305	155	155	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	310	155	155
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	30	20	55	20	30	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	20	25
$5,000 to $9,999	25	10	20	45	20	25	401,185	180,585	220,595	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	45	20	20	603,350	273,725	329,620	65	30	35
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	50	25	25	495,105	228,670	266,435	35	20	15
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	30	15	20	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	25	25	15	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	15	25	15	10	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	10	10	0	320,700	184,770	135,935	20	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	15	5	5	250,635	147,020	103,615	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	0	0	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	5	5	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	20	10	5	5	5	0	422,055	285,910	136,145	5	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	5	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	10	10	0	0	0	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	535	265	270	475	220	255	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	480	225	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	495	245	245	440	210	230	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	445	210	235
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	38,400	36,000	27,000	29,000	24,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	26,000	26,400	25,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	500	245	250	440	210	230	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	445	210	235
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	33,600	32,400	25,800	27,600	24,200	34,000	37,600	30,600	25,200	25,400	24,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	445	215	225	365	170	190	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	385	175	210
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	36,800	32,400	24,000	28,400	19,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	20,000	24,400	17,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	180	185	290	145	140	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	305	150	155
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,400	33,600	27,800	30,000	24,600	36,400	41,200	31,800	25,200	26,600	23,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	200	210	380	175	205	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	385	180	205
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,120	4,120	7,450	7,600	5,080	11,500	7,800	5,640	9,100	5,240	3,080	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	35	20	50	30	20	727,165	390,255	336,910	40	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720	4,960	2,540	5,440	6,040	4,280	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,680	4,280	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	505	255	255	510	240	265	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	475	230	245	475	240	240	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	400	175	225
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	40,400	47,200	28,500	30,800	26,200	48,600	55,500	41,880	34,800	33,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	475	230	245	475	240	240	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	400	175	225
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	33,600	38,000	25,700	27,600	23,800	39,600	44,000	35,320	31,200	29,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	180	225	390	200	190	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	365	150	215
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,400	42,400	24,600	27,800	21,200	45,920	53,800	37,920	29,600	32,500	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325	145	185	295	160	130	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	300	130	170
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,000	43,000	42,800	29,400	32,800	25,600	46,240	52,450	39,520	32,000	33,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	180	230	425	215	205	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	370	165	205
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,640	9,100	8,200	9,200	7,800	10,700	9,450	8,430	10,320	8,760	6,500	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	30	35	45	25	25	727,815	390,880	336,935	35	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	11,000	4,800	5,200	5,600	5,200	7,020	5,975	8,230	7,200	...	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	510	255	255	505	240	265	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	130	55	70	70	45	30	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	105	55	50
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	60,400	46,400	49,200	52,400	x	54,800	60,000	49,200	50,400	44,000	54,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,000	64,000	56,000	46,000	44,000	52,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	52,000	48,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	135	70	65	185	100	80	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	115	45	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	19,800	36,400	21,400	24,000	19,600	23,600	27,200	21,000	18,600	14,700	24,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,500	34,000	46,000	23,400	26,400	19,600	33,000	37,800	28,360	23,200	18,500	26,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	82.0	84.0	71.0	77.0	65.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	77.0	84.0	73.0
Employment income (%)	66.5	66.0	67.0	64.0	72.0	54.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	69.0	74.0	66.0
Government transfers (%)	16.8	17.6	16.4	29.0	23.6	35.5	14.9	10.8	20.2	23.2	18.0	26.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.8	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.8	x	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	280	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	59,600	...	...	72,500	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	53,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	65	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	28,800	...	...	38,800	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	28,600	...	...	34,400	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	165	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	97,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	63,600	...	...	83,000	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	92,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	55,600	...	...	75,200	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	70	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	37,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	51,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	33,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	175	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	64,500	...	...	94,500	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	280	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	310,880	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	280,505	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	255,770	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	45	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	20	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	307,835	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	5	...	...	239,060	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	280	...	...	230	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	177,135	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	180,150	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	356,325	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	289,580	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	254,885	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	25	...	...	892,775	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	10	...	...	279,105	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	155	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	84,000	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	40	...	...	991,710	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	49,600	...	...	84,000	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	49,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	75	...	...	907,765	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	110,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	35	...	...	368,845	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	54,400	...	...	61,600	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	145	75	70	85	40	45	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	140	75	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	38,400	32,800	29,200	27,000	32,400	36,800	39,200	34,800	30,800	28,800	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	33,200	29,400	28,800	25,600	28,800	33,200	34,800	31,600	29,000	28,400	29,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	140	...	...	165	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	117,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	63,600	...	...	95,100	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	40	...	...	992,110	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	85	...	...	909,160	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	40	...	...	367,155	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	72,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	62,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	165	80	80	100	60	40	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	95	40	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	40,000	47,000	36,000	42,000	28,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	45,000	48,000	42,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	34,500	39,500	31,600	36,000	24,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	38,000	40,000	37,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	640	325	320	580	270	305	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	575	275	305
0 to 17 years	135	70	60	125	60	70	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	115	55	60
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	40	15	20	515,725	264,785	250,935	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	410	200	210	355	170	185	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	365	175	190
65 years and over	100	45	50	105	40	60	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	95	40	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	75	35	40	115	55	60	992,235	463,295	528,940	105	55	60
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	25	10	10	159,530	82,000	77,530	25	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	53,105	27,240	25,870	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	50	20	25	55	35	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	55	25	30
65 years and over	20	10	10	30	15	20	317,235	124,865	192,370	30	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	11.0	12.0	19.6	20.0	19.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	18.8	18.5	19.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	18.0	16.0	20.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	20.0	24.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	20.0	25.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.0	13.0	16.5	19.0	14.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	15.6	15.0	16.0
65 years and over (%)	18.0	16.0	20.0	34.0	32.0	36.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	30.0	28.0	32.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	640	320	315	575	270	310	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	580	270	300
0 to 17 years	130	70	60	125	60	65	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	120	60	60
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	35	20	15	511,400	262,535	248,860	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	410	205	205	350	170	180	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	365	170	190
65 years and over	95	50	50	100	45	60	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	95	40	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	45	20	20	65	30	35	439,850	223,055	216,795	80	45	30
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	15	5	10	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	35	20	15	45	20	20	313,970	167,015	146,955	60	35	25
65 years and over	5	5	0	10	0	10	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	6.8	6.8	11.6	12.0	11.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	13.2	16.5	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	12.0	10.0	12.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	8.0	8.0	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	9.0	8.0	12.0	13.0	11.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	16.5	22.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	8.0	x	8.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	8.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	640	325	320	580	270	305	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	575	275	305
In bottom half of the distribution	385	200	185	460	220	240	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	455	220	230
In bottom decile	65	35	35	95	50	45	851,840	407,705	444,140	120	65	50
In second decile	80	40	45	120	55	70	920,490	434,730	485,760	80	40	45
In third decile	100	50	45	100	50	50	969,255	471,650	497,600	95	45	50
In fourth decile	90	55	40	80	40	40	978,345	482,760	495,590	90	40	50
In fifth decile	50	25	25	65	30	35	947,090	473,285	473,810	75	35	40
In top half of the distribution	250	125	130	115	55	65	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	125	50	70
In sixth decile	70	30	35	25	15	15	899,660	454,970	444,690	55	25	35
In seventh decile	80	40	45	35	20	15	837,225	425,400	411,830	25	15	15
In eighth decile	45	25	25	20	10	15	752,410	383,450	368,955	15	5	10
In ninth decile	35	15	20	20	5	15	634,425	325,700	308,730	20	5	15
In top decile	15	5	10	15	5	5	517,725	267,160	250,565	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	640	...	...	575	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	580	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.273	...	...	0.304	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.252	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.386	...	...	0.534	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.452	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.236	...	...	0.281	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.223	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	690	335	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	270	300
English only	10	10	5	90	45	45	445,575	228,840	216,735	160	85	80
French only	360	155	205	150	65	85	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	95	40	50
English and French	320	175	145	300	140	160	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	290	135	155
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	35	15	25	82,075	35,200	46,875	35	20	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	690	335	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	270	300
English	35	20	10	155	75	85	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	295	145	150
French	640	310	335	290	135	160	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	190	85	105
English and French	10	5	5	90	45	45	329,515	169,050	160,465	65	30	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	35	15	25	79,000	33,590	45,410	30	15	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	690	335	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	270	300
Single responses	675	330	345	530	245	285	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	525	245	280
Official languages	585	285	300	175	80	90	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	260	120	145
English	15	10	5	50	25	20	639,365	323,170	316,195	145	65	80
French	570	280	290	130	60	70	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	115	55	60
Non-official languages	90	40	50	360	165	195	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	260	125	140
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	40	50	360	165	195	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	260	125	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	95	50	45	233,220	122,895	110,320	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	90	45	45	204,600	107,735	96,865	25	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	90	45	45	198,785	104,765	94,020	20	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	25	15	10	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	55	25	25	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	170	75	100	595,790	290,670	305,115	205	100	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	50	25	20	101,450	52,780	48,665	105	60	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20	63,025	33,465	29,555	95	50	45
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5	23,825	12,975	10,855	75	50	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	5	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	5	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	5	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	10	30	110	40	65	346,000	167,870	178,130	90	35	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	50	15	35	90,940	44,080	46,865	60	20	35
Portuguese	5	5	0	25	10	15	41,545	19,890	21,650	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	20	35	20	20	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	33,495	16,630	16,865	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	5	5	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	5	45	30	20	308,550	155,455	153,095	50	30	20
English and French	5	5	5	15	10	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	10	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	690	335	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	270	300
English	15	5	5	50	25	30	623,305	313,780	309,520	170	80	95
French	555	265	285	100	45	55	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	95	50	45
Non-official language	15	10	5	140	70	70	366,730	177,410	189,315	95	50	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	5	140	70	70	343,650	165,830	177,825	95	50	45
English and French	20	10	5	25	10	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	40	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	60	30	30	205,755	102,290	103,470	70	40	25
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	125	55	75	375,795	179,585	196,210	45	15	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	75	35	35	284,940	141,275	143,665	45	20	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	690	335	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	270	300
Single responses	670	325	345	485	230	255	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	525	250	275
Official languages	635	305	325	250	115	135	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	335	155	180
English	25	15	10	80	40	45	874,185	438,570	435,615	220	100	120
French	610	295	315	170	75	95	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	110	60	55
Non-official languages	35	15	20	230	120	115	662,615	322,860	339,750	190	90	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20	230	120	110	628,365	305,820	322,555	190	90	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20	116,685	59,645	57,040	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	104,890	53,505	51,380	20	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	45	25	25	102,120	52,125	49,990	20	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	20	25	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	120	60	60	336,635	164,100	172,535	155	70	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	74,455	38,045	36,410	95	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	46,420	24,225	22,195	85	45	40
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5	19,290	10,435	8,855	65	40	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	70	30	40	182,585	88,060	94,525	50	15	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	30	10	20	26,290	11,205	15,085	30	10	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	5	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	25	15	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	5	95	40	55	357,245	176,070	181,175	50	25	25
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	25	5	15	60,495	29,540	30,950	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	50	20	25	116,595	56,445	60,150	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	685	340	350	575	270	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	275	305
None	595	290	300	375	180	200	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	400	190	215
English	15	10	5	40	20	20	353,690	183,470	170,225	30	15	15
French	20	5	10	40	20	25	259,425	127,380	132,040	50	20	30
Non-official language	30	10	20	65	30	40	269,715	129,830	139,890	45	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	20	65	30	40	264,405	127,330	137,070	45	20	20
English and French	5	5	5	15	10	10	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	15	10	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	20	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	15	10	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0	5	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	10	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	585	305	280	610	280	330	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	540	245	295
Official languages	580	305	275	555	255	295	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	500	230	270
English	295	150	140	375	190	185	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	445	210	235
French	575	305	265	450	205	250	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	340	160	185
Non-official languages	150	75	80	510	245	265	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	300	120	180
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	75	80	510	245	265	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	300	120	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	130	65	75	385,210	201,105	184,100	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	130	65	70	363,875	190,005	173,870	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	130	65	70	343,675	179,750	163,930	30	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	15	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	10	10	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	60	25	35	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	25	40	270	140	130	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	230	90	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35	136,020	71,180	64,840	115	55	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	70	35	35	90,745	48,355	42,395	115	55	60
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	40	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	30	34,290	18,580	15,710	85	45	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	40	180	95	85	684,830	324,095	360,735	105	40	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	15	85	40	45	168,040	82,400	85,645	70	20	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	10	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	25	75	40	40	453,905	210,400	243,505	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	15	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	245	290
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	535	245	290
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	245	290
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	535	245	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Owner	140	...	...	75	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	35	...	...
Renter	135	...	...	175	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	195	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	30	...	...	515,590	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	250	...	...	215	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	105	...	...	623,295	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	105	...	...	45	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	85	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	90	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	25	...	...	10	...	...	730,330	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	125	...	...	145	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	130	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	65	...	...	645,635	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	435,225	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	25	...	...	403,225	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	10	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	4.2	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
One person or fewer per room	265	...	...	225	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	225	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	20	...	...	48,315	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Suitable	260	...	...	180	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	205	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	65	...	...	142,775	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...	135	...	...	879,375	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	100	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	145	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	0	...	...	509,120	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	0	...	...	385,315	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	245	...	...	230	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	210	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	20	...	...	236,110	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
One-maintainer household	150	...	...	140	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	150	...	...
Two-maintainer household	115	...	...	90	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	80	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	15	...	...	89,875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	25	...	...	525,540	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	50	...	...	647,165	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	35	...	...	628,630	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	30	...	...	760,395	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	45	...	...	629,965	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	40	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	15	...	...	103,640	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	275	...	...	245	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	235	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	205	...	...	165	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	190	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	75	...	...	595,690	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	75	...	...	542,060	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	270	...	...	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	140	...	...	901,440	...	...	75	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	55	...	...	537,090	...	...	25	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	55	...	...	112,775	...	...	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	41,740	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	180	...	...	105	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	270	...	...	240	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	230	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	55	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	250	...	...	185	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	70	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	35	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.3	...	...	64.3	...	...	62.2	...	...	57.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.2	...	...	50.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,550	...	...	1,070	...	...	616	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,560	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	452,000	...	...	650,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	510,000	...	...	620,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	680,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	170	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	195	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	7.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.6	...	...	23.5	...	...	25.2	...	...	20.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.8	...	...	23.5	...	...	11.9	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	790	...	...	780	...	...	810	...	...	920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	860	...	...	886	...	...	980	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	585	305	275	610	280	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	540	240	295
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	0	15	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	0	15	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	565	300	265	610	280	330	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	540	240	295
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	585	305	275	605	280	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	540	245	295
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	535	280	260	455	220	235	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	440	200	235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	65	30	110	35	70	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	105	65	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	440	210	225	350	190	165	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	330	135	195
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	30	25	150	55	100	518,265	264,490	253,775	100	45	60
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	585	305	275	605	280	330	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	540	245	295
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	465	240	225	225	95	135	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	260	130	125
Immigrants⁸¹	105	60	50	315	160	155	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	230	95	140
Before 1980	15	10	10	75	40	40	187,200	91,895	95,300	65	25	40
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	15	10	10	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	0	10
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	55	25	25	190,495	91,635	98,860	40	15	20
2001 to 2010	20	10	10	85	40	35	312,210	150,825	161,390	55	20	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	30	15	85	45	40	396,090	192,745	203,340	65	25	35
2011 to 2015	25	10	15	70	40	30	193,345	93,485	99,855	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	20	20	0	20	0	15	202,740	99,260	103,480	45	15	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	10	0	65	25	40	205,770	113,500	92,275	45	20	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	110	60	50	315	160	155	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	230	95	140
Under 5 years	0	0	0	30	0	20	112,295	56,755	55,540	25	0	20
5 to 14 years	20	15	10	25	15	0	201,385	101,555	99,835	35	30	10
15 to 24 years	30	10	15	80	25	55	213,035	96,175	116,860	70	15	60
25 to 44 years	40	20	20	165	95	65	594,845	292,975	301,875	90	45	45
45 years and over	20	15	0	20	10	10	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	110	60	50	315	160	155	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	230	95	140
Americas	30	10	25	45	25	25	264,885	121,740	143,145	75	25	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	15	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	25	15	15	61,020	28,545	32,480	15	0	15
Europe	30	20	10	80	35	45	309,015	154,110	154,910	45	15	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	45	15	25	43,975	21,940	22,040	35	15	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	20	10	10	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	30	25	0	115	65	50	302,010	153,655	148,355	45	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	25	10	10	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	50	30	25	68,865	34,810	34,060	15	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	35	25	10	118,820	60,455	58,360	25	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	75	40	35	332,925	158,445	174,475	75	30	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	40	15	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	15	15	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	15	0	15	0	10	202,740	99,265	103,480	45	15	30
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	15	0	10	70,310	34,215	36,095	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	25	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	25	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	585	305	280	610	280	330	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	540	245	295
First generation¹⁰⁰	120	65	55	400	195	205	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	280	115	170
Second generation¹⁰¹	55	35	20	180	80	100	883,485	446,000	437,490	140	70	70
Third generation or more¹⁰²	410	205	205	35	10	25	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	115	65	55
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	90	50	40	240	125	115	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	170	65	105
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	30	30	0	100	55	45	559,935	290,040	269,895	85	35	50
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	20	0	50	30	20	267,870	161,125	106,740	35	20	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	10	0	0	50	20	25	292,070	128,915	163,155	40	20	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	10	10	80	35	45	272,255	109,735	162,515	55	20	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	10	25	55	30	25	175,740	89,995	85,740	20	0	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	90	50	40	240	125	115	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	170	65	105
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	15	35	15	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	25	10	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	0	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	10	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	50	35	20	190	100	85	756,120	358,700	397,420	125	50	80
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	245	290
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	120	70	55	410	180	230	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	360	170	190
South Asian	0	0	0	130	55	70	127,990	67,140	60,850	110	45	65
Chinese	0	0	0	10	0	10	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	85	50	35	40	20	25	422,405	206,335	216,070	165	85	75
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	145	70	80	280,075	146,990	133,085	25	15	15
Latin American	10	0	10	40	15	25	172,925	85,035	87,880	25	10	15
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	25	10	15	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	20	10	10	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	460	240	220	195	100	95	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	175	75	100
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	585	305	280	610	280	330	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	540	245	295
Canadian	120	55	70	15	15	0	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	40	30	10
English	10	10	0	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	25	15	15
Irish	45	25	20	0	0	0	404,190	193,440	210,745	40	25	15
Scottish	10	10	0	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	50	30	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	195	100	95	10	0	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	25	20	10	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	100	40	60	316,315	157,600	158,720	85	25	55
Indian (India)	0	0	0	40	20	20	65,790	34,390	31,405	75	30	45
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	50	25	25	0	0	0	931,940	465,630	466,305	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	15	0	0	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	15	10	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	15	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	25	10	10	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	20	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	35	25	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	25	10	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	45	15	25	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	20	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	25	15	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	15	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	30	20	15	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	10	10	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	10	0	10
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	585	310	280	610	280	325	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	535	245	290
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	335	160	175	235	110	125	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	280	130	150
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	35	0	25	50	30	25	464,020	229,155	234,860	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	25	20	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	290	150	145	165	70	95	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	190	80	105
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	15	0	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	20	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	60	25	40	47,390	25,045	22,345	30	10	20
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	60	40	20	170	85	85	421,710	218,255	203,455	75	30	40
Sikh	0	0	0	55	25	30	23,345	12,385	10,960	80	35	45
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	170	95	75	70	35	35	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	75	35	45
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	580	300	275	590	265	320	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	540	245	295
Non-movers	490	265	230	550	245	310	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	455	200	260
Movers	90	35	45	35	25	10	945,290	466,750	478,540	85	50	40
Non-migrants	80	35	40	25	15	10	543,670	268,740	274,925	75	50	35
Migrants	10	0	10	10	10	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	10	0	10	10	10	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	560	295	270	565	260	305	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	525	230	290
Non-movers	275	145	130	360	170	195	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	300	125	170
Movers	285	150	135	205	85	120	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	225	105	115
Non-migrants	200	105	100	130	60	70	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	130	70	65
Migrants	85	45	40	75	30	40	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	95	40	60
Internal migrants	70	35	35	0	0	0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	20	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	70	35	35	0	0	0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	10	10	0	70	25	40	320,090	166,115	153,975	75	30	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	510	255	255	510	240	265	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	80	70	185	90	95	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	105	70	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	360	170	185	330	155	170	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	345	135	210
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	295	155	140	310	175	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	300	120	180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	45	20	105	50	55	642,800	382,415	260,380	25	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	230	115	120	205	125	85	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	270	110	165
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	250	255	510	240	270	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
No certificate, diploma or degree	130	70	65	160	70	90	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	105	65	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	50	55	110	65	45	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	135	40	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	270	135	135	235	105	130	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	210	90	115
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	95	95	115	45	65	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	140	55	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	30	40	30	30	0	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	40	15	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	15	35	20	20	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	30	15	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	0	10	10	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	50	50	45	10	35	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	15	0	35	10	25	252,815	102,150	150,665	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	75	40	35	125	60	65	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	70	40	30
Bachelor's degree	45	25	15	75	50	30	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	40	20	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	10	0	10	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	20	10	10	30	10	25	360,795	174,150	186,645	20	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	295	160	140	310	170	140	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	300	120	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	35	15	90	45	50	525,155	303,815	221,345	20	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	25	40	60	45	15	752,855	388,160	364,700	95	30	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	95	85	165	90	70	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	185	75	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	70	65	60	35	20	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	120	45	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	30	30	25	20	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	35	10	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	15	25	15	15	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	30	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	10	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	30	35	20	10	10	838,140	372,455	465,685	75	25	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	20	10	10	174,695	72,115	102,580	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	50	30	15	100	50	50	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	60	35	30
Bachelor's degree	20	15	10	65	35	25	802,755	343,100	459,650	35	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	15	0	10	119,460	50,155	69,310	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	0	0	20	10	10	302,065	140,530	161,530	20	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	510	250	260	510	240	270	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	455	205	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	240	115	125	270	130	135	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	240	105	130
Education	15	10	0	20	0	20	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	10
13. Education	15	10	0	20	0	20	292,470	65,830	226,640	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	15	0	15	166,900	75,420	91,480	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	15	0	15	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	10	0
Humanities	0	0	0	35	10	20	228,770	90,810	137,960	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	20	10	10	430,845	142,280	288,570	25	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	60	25	30	70	30	40	950,820	357,290	593,535	60	30	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	25	30	70	30	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	60	30	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	10	10	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	0	0	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	40	0	45	35	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	35	25	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	10	10	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	10	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	15	0	15	15	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	35	10	0	10	515,215	101,455	413,760	35	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	10	0	10	470,150	78,875	391,275	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	15	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	295	155	140	315	175	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	300	125	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	55	55	150	80	65	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	120	45	75
Education	10	10	0	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10
13. Education	10	10	0	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	15	10	0
Humanities	0	0	0	25	10	10	144,140	56,410	87,730	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	10	15	10	0	334,475	103,635	230,840	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	45	30	20	55	25	30	741,390	268,705	472,685	45	25	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	30	20	55	25	30	697,775	259,725	438,045	45	25	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	35	0	30	25	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	35	25	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	10	10	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	20	10	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	10	10	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	25	10	0	0	387,725	74,730	312,995	35	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	10	0	0	352,905	58,735	294,170	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	295	155	140	315	175	140	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	300	125	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	55	150	80	65	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	120	45	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	185	100	85	160	90	75	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	180	75	105
Location of study inside Canada	160	85	75	85	45	40	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	110	35	70
Same as province or territory of residence	160	85	75	85	45	40	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	100	35	65
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	20	15	0	70	45	35	414,490	209,160	205,330	75	40	35
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	10	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	45	30	15	95,260	49,800	45,460	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10	19,240	9,910	9,330	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	15	10	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	20	15	10	96,865	43,055	53,805	40	15	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	505	250	255	510	240	270	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	450	200	250
In the labour force	310	145	165	275	150	125	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	280	135	150
Employed	260	120	140	235	110	125	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	240	115	130
Unemployed	55	30	25	40	40	0	335,015	176,245	158,775	35	15	20
Not in the labour force	195	105	90	230	90	140	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	170	70	100
Participation rate	61.4	58.0	64.7	53.9	62.5	46.3	64.1	67.4	60.9	62.2	67.5	60.0
Employment rate	51.5	48.0	54.9	46.1	45.8	46.3	59.3	62.3	56.3	53.3	57.5	52.0
Unemployment rate	17.7	20.7	15.2	14.5	26.7	0.0	7.6	7.7	7.4	12.5	11.1	13.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	510	250	255	510	240	270	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	455	205	250
Did not work¹⁸⁶	210	105	100	235	100	135	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	220	95	125
Worked	300	150	150	270	145	130	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	230	105	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	140	60	80	75	40	35	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	105	55	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	85	75	200	100	95	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	125	55	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	39.2	42.8	34.2	32.4	36.4	41.3	41.7	40.8	39.6	40.8	38.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	315	145	170	280	150	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	135	145
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	25	10	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	300	140	150	270	135	130	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	135
Employee	255	125	135	250	125	130	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	220	95	120
Permanent position	225	105	120	210	110	105	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	175	85	95
Temporary position	30	15	15	40	15	25	623,510	296,655	326,850	45	15	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	0	10	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	15	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10	0	0	35	10	25	405,605	202,450	203,155	25	10	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	20	20	15	15	0	530,720	324,555	206,165	35	25	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	315	145	170	280	150	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	135	145
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	25	10	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	300	140	150	270	135	130	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	135
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	30	35	30	10	25	778,905	256,150	522,760	45	15	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	15	10	0	360,495	272,510	87,985	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	35	0	30	10	0	0	359,665	70,075	289,590	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	10	30	0	20	558,725	166,020	392,700	25	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	130	75	55	85	55	25	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	85	50	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	15	15	35	35	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	50	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	60	15	45	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	315	145	170	280	150	130	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	135	145
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	25	10	15
All industries¹⁹¹	300	140	150	270	135	130	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	255	120	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	25	15	10	10	10	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	10	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	15	0	50	15	45	449,115	320,715	128,405	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	10	10	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	45	15	30	50	25	25	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	0	25	25	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	50	25	20
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	10	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	10	10	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	20	15	10	345,345	193,365	151,985	15	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	10	0
61 Educational services	15	10	10	15	0	15	340,885	104,300	236,590	20	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	50	15	40	20	0	15	617,200	122,675	494,525	45	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	15	0	30	25	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	25	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	10	0	10	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	15	10	0	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	310	150	165	275	150	130	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	285	135	150
English	0	0	0	85	45	35	350,525	195,385	155,145	115	50	60
French	195	105	90	85	45	40	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	30	15	20
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	100	40	65	90	50	40	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	120	65	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	15	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	310	150	165	275	150	130	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	285	135	150
Single responses	285	135	150	260	135	125	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	225	110	115
Official languages	285	135	150	250	135	125	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	215	105	110
English	20	0	15	100	60	40	668,485	365,785	302,695	155	80	75
French	265	135	130	150	70	80	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	55	30	30
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	20	15	10	269,365	142,370	126,995	55	25	35
English and French	25	10	10	15	10	0	249,945	132,640	117,300	55	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	310	150	165	275	150	130	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	285	135	150
None	225	120	105	185	105	80	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	205	90	115
English	70	30	40	65	30	35	720,960	391,075	329,885	40	20	20
French	10	0	10	15	10	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	40	25	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	10	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	260	120	140	240	115	125	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	240	115	130
Worked at home	60	40	25	45	10	35	897,770	435,285	462,480	40	15	25
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	20	0	20	20	0	15	442,035	333,730	108,305	40	25	15
Usual place of work	175	75	105	170	90	80	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	160	75	85
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	180	80	100	170	90	80	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	165	75	90
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	155	70	90	155	90	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	130	60	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	25	0	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	10	15	0	0	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	195	80	120	195	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	200	105	100
Car, truck or van	125	55	70	80	45	35	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	135	90	50
Car, truck or van - as a driver	120	55	70	80	45	35	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	120	80	35
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	20	0	10
Public transit	50	20	30	55	30	25	287,345	120,460	166,885	40	0	40
Walked	20	0	20	55	20	35	178,645	78,570	100,075	25	10	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	195	80	120	195	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	200	105	100
Less than 15 minutes	40	10	25	60	35	20	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	45	25	20
15 to 29 minutes	75	30	45	40	20	20	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	75	35	40
30 to 44 minutes	60	25	25	65	40	25	635,870	363,430	272,445	55	35	15
45 to 59 minutes	20	0	15	20	10	10	235,140	133,720	101,425	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	15	0	10	10	0	10	206,480	126,635	79,840	20	0	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	195	80	120	195	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	200	105	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	0	0	15	15	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	0	20	35	10	25	569,745	368,480	201,265	20	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	15	30	55	20	35	935,640	441,465	494,170	25	15	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	10	20	30	15	15	626,895	259,220	367,675	25	0	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	15	0	0	0	330,930	142,495	188,435	20	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	55	30	25	55	40	20	489,685	284,160	205,530	85	45	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	135	75	60	125	60	65	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	115	55	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	10	25	10	15	303,835	156,030	147,805	50	20	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	60	50	105	50	55	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	70	40	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	95	55	45	95	45	50	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	80	40	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	15	10	20	10	10	230,080	118,075	112,005	40	20	20
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10	20	10	10	175,305	90,000	85,305	35	20	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	45	35	75	35	40	992,895	508,315	484,580	45	20	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table