Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24660048More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662485More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660298More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	473	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	983	...	...	279	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	253	...	...	976,966	...	...	435	...	...	98	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	240	...	...	910,359	...	...	401	...	...	98	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,532.2	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	6,492.7	...	...	6,940.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.09	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.15	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	470	240	235	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	985	440	540	280	135	145
0 to 14 years	65	35	35	309,765	158,545	151,225	160	95	70	45	20	25
0 to 4 years	15	10	10	99,195	50,760	48,435	50	25	20	10	5	5
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	106,985	54,660	52,320	50	40	15	15	5	5
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	60	30	25	15	10	10
15 to 64 years	330	170	165	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	420	210	210	180	85	90
15 to 19 years	20	10	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	40	20	20	20	10	10
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	140,025	70,895	69,125	50	30	25	20	10	10
25 to 29 years	35	20	20	165,525	83,630	81,895	30	15	20	15	5	5
30 to 34 years	50	25	25	157,725	78,995	78,730	45	25	25	5	5	0
35 to 39 years	25	15	15	149,265	74,115	75,155	50	25	20	10	5	5
40 to 44 years	35	20	15	142,365	70,920	71,445	40	25	15	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	25	15	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	55	30	25	20	10	10
50 to 54 years	30	20	15	121,710	61,735	59,975	45	25	25	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	45	25	25	125,465	63,810	61,655	30	15	15	15	10	5
60 to 64 years	40	10	25	118,065	57,920	60,140	40	15	25	35	15	20
65 years and over	75	35	40	351,325	151,210	200,120	400	140	265	55	30	25
65 to 69 years	25	10	10	99,325	46,730	52,595	55	25	30	30	20	10
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	86,030	39,185	46,845	70	30	40	10	0	10
75 to 79 years	20	10	15	63,215	27,320	35,895	65	25	40	10	5	0
80 to 84 years	10	0	5	46,875	18,960	27,915	65	25	45	5	0	0
85 years and over	5	0	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	150	35	115	0	5	0
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	65	10	50	0	5	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	75	20	55	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	15	5	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8	14.6	14.9	15.5	16.1	14.8	16.2	21.6	13.0	16.1	14.8	17.2
15 to 64 years	70.2	70.8	70.2	67.0	68.5	65.6	42.6	47.7	38.9	64.3	63.0	62.1
65 years and over	16.0	14.6	17.0	17.5	15.4	19.6	40.6	31.8	49.1	19.6	22.2	17.2
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	2.1	2.8	1.9	3.6	15.2	8.0	21.3	0.0	3.7	0.0
Average age of the population	42.2	41.2	43.2	41.0	39.8	42.1	51.3	45.2	56.3	42.8	43.6	42.0
Median age of the population	42.0	41.2	43.2	39.6	38.4	40.4	52.0	43.6	63.6	48.0	49.2	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
Single-detached house	15	...	...	100,615	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	75	...	...	110,440	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	140	...	...	479,885	...	...	370	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	240	...	...	910,355	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	367,400	...	...	235	...	...	15	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	271,730	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	118,205	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	98,205	...	...	40	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	54,820	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	475	235	235	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	830	395	435	280	135	145
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	405	200	205	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	825	350	475	235	115	115
Married or living common-law	175	85	85	822,440	414,330	408,115	290	150	140	155	75	80
Married	75	40	40	577,060	289,455	287,600	265	140	125	135	65	65
Living common-law	105	50	50	245,385	124,870	120,510	25	15	15	20	10	10
Living common law - Never married	80	40	45	207,040	104,785	102,250	20	10	10	10	5	5
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	5	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	0	0	0	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	230	115	115	872,060	410,935	461,125	535	200	330	80	40	40
Not married and not living common law - Never married	175	90	80	627,845	333,150	294,700	260	130	130	60	35	30
Not married and not living common law - Separated	0	0	0	34,795	14,820	19,975	30	10	15	0	0	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	20	20	126,605	46,380	80,225	100	30	75	10	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	15	82,815	16,590	66,225	140	25	115	10	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	165	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	251,075	...	...	55	...	...	35	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	107,265	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	93,300	...	...	40	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	495,445	...	...	165	...	...	85	...	...
Total couple families	90	...	...	395,645	...	...	125	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	273,070	...	...	115	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	162,745	...	...	80	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	110,325	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	122,570	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	44,875	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	77,700	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	99,805	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	80,530	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	475	235	235	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	825	395	435	280	135	145
Total - Persons in census families	330	165	165	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	565	285	280	260	130	135
Married spouses or common-law partners	175	85	90	791,280	398,495	392,785	250	125	125	155	75	75
Parents in one-parent families	35	10	25	99,805	19,275	80,525	40	10	35	5	0	5
Children⁶	120	70	55	541,905	284,935	256,965	275	155	120	100	45	50
In a two-parent family	70	40	30	392,250	205,155	187,095	200	115	90	85	45	45
In a one-parent family	50	25	25	149,655	79,785	69,865	75	40	30	10	5	5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	145	75	70	526,370	262,915	263,450	265	110	155	20	5	10
Living alone	110	55	50	367,395	175,660	191,740	235	90	145	15	5	5
Living with other relatives⁷	10	0	10	49,280	22,020	27,255	10	5	5	0	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	25	10	10	109,690	65,235	44,455	15	15	5	0	0	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	240	...	...	910,360	...	...	400	...	...	100	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	110	...	...	455,970	...	...	140	...	...	80	...	...
Couple-family households	85	...	...	370,250	...	...	110	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	194,165	...	...	80	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	176,085	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	85,720	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	55,210	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
One-person households	110	...	...	367,395	...	...	235	...	...	15	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	405	200	205	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	665	305	370	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	395	200	200	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	635	290	350	220	110	110
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,400	30,400	37,600	39,600	36,000	24,600	26,600	23,800	48,000	52,800	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	395	200	200	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	635	290	350	220	110	110
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	32,800	29,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	24,200	25,200	23,600	42,800	44,800	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	170	155	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	430	210	220	205	105	100
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400	31,600	24,800	31,000	35,200	27,000	12,300	21,400	8,400	39,200	45,600	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	150	125	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	290	165	125	175	95	80
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	34,800	31,200	32,800	36,000	29,600	20,000	25,800	12,600	40,000	46,800	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	155	185	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	610	265	345	175	85	95
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,700	12,600	14,100	10,800	9,600	12,000	16,600	14,300	18,800	13,000	13,000	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	25	20	171,705	84,570	87,145	60	30	25	20	5	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,280	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,720	6,000	5,480	5,840	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	120	65	55	529,640	276,110	253,530	190	110	85	75	35	35
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	9,800	10,500	11,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	400	210	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	125	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	390	205	180	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	700	325	375	235	120	110
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	41,600	37,600	53,250	60,050	46,760	29,350	33,600	25,600	54,000	43,000	67,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	390	205	180	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	700	325	375	235	120	110
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	36,400	34,000	42,520	46,280	38,960	27,000	30,100	24,300	43,200	36,000	52,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	180	145	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	455	240	215	225	115	110
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,600	35,200	29,600	48,960	57,350	40,640	22,100	28,600	15,000	45,600	35,500	56,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	155	105	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	295	195	100	190	100	90
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	33,500	37,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	26,800	28,600	23,200	44,800	34,000	56,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	165	165	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	675	305	370	190	105	85
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,850	14,200	15,500	12,040	10,900	13,040	15,600	13,600	17,200	12,100	11,800	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50	20	30	171,360	84,435	86,925	70	50	25	20	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,200	7,600	6,840	6,065	7,590	5,800	6,400	4,400	7,000	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	55	50	528,305	276,300	252,005	235	150	75	70	50	20
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	10,800	7,800	9,110	9,140	9,070	10,500	10,600	10,400	10,800	9,600	13,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	405	215	185	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	130	120
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	50	45	514,340	278,505	235,830	100	75	25	85	40	40
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	66,000	59,200	60,000	63,600	56,000	44,000	45,600	x	59,600	50,800	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	60,000	56,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	46,000	48,000	40,000	84,000	60,000	108,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	70	50	504,455	247,565	256,895	145	85	65	70	40	30
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,500	8,800	14,100	16,400	17,400	15,500	10,000	9,000	11,300	6,450	9,400	5,640
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	20,000	23,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	18,000	19,200	16,500	12,000	14,000	10,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.5	73.0	62.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	48.8	62.0	34.0	82.0	78.0	84.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.0	60.0	58.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	38.0	51.0	24.0	67.0	62.0	72.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.6	26.8	37.5	18.9	14.4	24.4	51.2	38.0	66.0	18.8	23.0	15.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.2	3.2	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.0	2.8	1.0	1.0	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.7	7.8	7.6	6.4	5.9	7.0	13.8	16.0	11.1	7.1	10.0	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.4	7.2	5.6	5.7	5.4	6.0	11.8	14.8	8.5	6.4	9.5	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	405	200	205	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	670	300	365	235	115	115
Without total income	10	5	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	30	15	15	15	5	5
With total income	395	195	195	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	640	285	350	225	115	110
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	10	10	138,250	65,670	72,580	55	25	30	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	45	200,450	93,060	107,390	110	50	65	10	5	10
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	45	286,825	131,235	155,595	240	85	150	40	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	30	215,455	102,705	112,755	85	35	45	20	15	10
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	181,505	86,460	95,040	55	25	25	20	5	15
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	138,185	64,805	73,380	35	20	20	25	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	100,060	48,510	51,550	25	15	10	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	74,165	37,625	36,540	10	10	5	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	58,400	30,060	28,335	5	5	0	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	42,240	22,360	19,875	5	5	0	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	149,555	92,680	56,875	5	10	0	25	15	15
$100,000 to $149,999	10	10	0	90,980	53,275	37,705	10	5	0	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	0	0	0	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	405	200	205	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	670	300	365	235	115	115
Without after-tax income	10	5	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	30	15	15	15	5	5
With after-tax income	395	195	195	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	640	285	350	225	115	110
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15	10	10	144,275	67,955	76,320	55	25	30	20	10	5
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	45	210,975	98,495	112,480	115	50	65	15	5	10
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	50	334,395	155,845	178,545	255	95	160	50	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	30	257,145	124,835	132,315	90	50	45	20	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	30	204,980	97,805	107,175	60	35	30	30	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	139,760	67,315	72,450	30	20	15	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	15	93,705	46,700	47,005	10	5	5	25	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	61,765	31,815	29,945	10	5	0	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	0	0	0	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	0	0	0	10	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	0	0	0	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	405	200	205	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	670	300	365	235	115	115
Without employment income	130	50	75	495,060	212,405	282,660	380	135	245	60	25	35
With employment income	275	150	125	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	290	165	125	170	90	80
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	20	15	167,560	82,405	85,155	55	20	35	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	111,575	52,975	58,595	45	20	20	20	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	30	10	15	151,350	72,815	78,530	45	25	25	20	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	15	116,030	56,295	59,730	35	20	10	10	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	20	15	10	10	5	5
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	104,250	51,950	52,300	30	20	10	15	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	20	84,485	42,940	41,540	20	10	10	10	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	66,190	35,045	31,145	20	15	5	5	0	0
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	52,585	28,500	24,080	10	10	0	10	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	46,000	24,150	21,850	0	0	0	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	5	5	0	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	115,575	74,545	41,030	5	5	0	20	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	0	0	0	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	0	0	0	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	405	200	205	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	665	305	370	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	190	195	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	625	275	345	220	110	110
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	35,200	25,800	34,000	36,400	31,800	22,600	22,600	22,400	44,800	50,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	190	195	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	625	275	345	220	110	110
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	32,000	25,000	31,000	32,800	29,400	22,200	22,600	22,200	38,000	41,600	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	165	155	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	425	205	215	215	105	110
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	34,800	26,400	32,000	36,000	28,200	14,800	21,400	11,400	36,400	43,200	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	270	145	125	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	290	170	125	175	95	85
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,200	29,600	33,600	36,800	30,400	21,000	25,800	17,800	36,400	44,400	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	145	170	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	580	250	330	165	70	95
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	4,480	9,200	4,440	2,760	7,300	12,200	6,600	15,300	7,450	4,960	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	20	10	114,940	56,080	58,855	30	15	15	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,320	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,560	x	x	6,700	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	400	210	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	125	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	200	170	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	695	315	380	225	120	105
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,400	34,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	25,900	28,400	23,800	48,800	39,500	60,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	200	170	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	695	315	380	225	120	105
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,900	33,200	30,400	39,800	43,800	35,920	23,880	25,600	22,400	39,200	33,500	46,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	165	135	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	475	250	225	225	120	105
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,800	30,000	49,080	57,750	40,560	21,900	27,400	16,000	42,400	34,500	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	245	145	105	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	335	225	110	190	105	85
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	40,000	38,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	25,100	26,000	23,600	40,800	31,200	52,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	160	160	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	640	290	350	175	80	90
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	10,000	11,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	11,860	7,650	15,300	9,400	9,200	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	30	15	114,595	55,675	58,915	25	0	0	25	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	5,200	3,600	7,510	5,990	8,940	8,000	...	...	13,000	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	405	215	185	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	130	120
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	50	45	507,645	274,575	233,070	100	75	25	85	40	40
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	60,800	56,400	54,400	58,400	50,400	42,800	43,600	x	50,800	46,400	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000	56,000	54,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	45,000	46,000	44,000	71,000	54,000	88,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	105	65	40	462,020	227,495	234,530	155	90	70	65	40	25
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	29,400	25,000	21,800	23,200	20,400	10,600	8,100	14,500	9,400	7,100	x
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	32,000	28,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	18,400	19,200	17,000	17,000	13,200	22,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.0	79.0	70.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	58.0	75.0	40.0	86.0	84.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	71.0	74.0	68.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	46.8	65.0	29.0	70.0	66.0	74.0
Government transfers (%)	24.8	20.8	29.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	42.2	24.4	59.6	14.8	15.6	14.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	2.0	1.0	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.0	x	x	3.2	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	240	...	...	910,355	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	66,000	...	...	31,800	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	29,800	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	110	...	...	367,395	...	...	235	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	24,200	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	34,000	...	...	24,200	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	130	...	...	542,960	...	...	165	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	92,700	...	...	51,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	74,100	...	...	47,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	367,255	...	...	230	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	31,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	29,000	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	543,100	...	...	175	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	77,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	70,500	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	240	...	...	910,355	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	17,665	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	25,730	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	57,720	...	...	115	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	41,160	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	40,595	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	41,545	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	42,630	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	40,980	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	75,485	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	67,695	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	60,495	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	54,055	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	45,830	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	270,265	...	...	50	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	85,635	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	62,095	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	66,335	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	240	...	...	910,355	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	17,965	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	27,485	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	63,030	...	...	115	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	49,660	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	48,815	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	51,055	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	50,890	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	47,120	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	85,490	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	75,625	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	65,530	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	54,850	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	197,490	...	...	35	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	78,870	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	45,905	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	72,715	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	120	...	...	501,830	...	...	160	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	179,195	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	39,600	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	39,600	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	208,260	...	...	85	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	95,875	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	65,500	...	...	49,600	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	59,600	...	...	48,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	130	70	60	477,085	240,895	236,195	250	100	150	15	5	10
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	36,400	28,600	34,400	34,800	34,000	24,200	25,800	23,800	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,800	33,200	27,600	31,200	31,200	31,200	24,200	25,000	23,800	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	135	...	...	501,905	...	...	170	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	71,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	179,455	...	...	40	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	50,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	46,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	208,375	...	...	90	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	94,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	86,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	95,455	...	...	35	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	64,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	60,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	115	70	50	476,520	240,280	236,245	245	100	145	0	0	0
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,000	50,000	37,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	30,200	36,000	26,400	...	...	...
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	42,000	33,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	28,200	32,500	25,200	...	...	...
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	470	240	235	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	830	390	430	280	135	145
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	365,020	186,710	178,315	190	100	85	65	25	40
0 to 5 years	20	10	15	120,615	61,615	58,995	50	30	25	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	315	155	155	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	395	200	190	165	85	80
65 years and over	75	35	40	317,425	140,270	177,155	250	90	160	55	30	25
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	90	35	50	321,885	154,370	167,510	290	115	175	15	5	5
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	54,265	27,870	26,395	45	20	25	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	18,760	9,545	9,215	10	5	10	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	50	20	30	197,020	99,310	97,710	95	45	50	10	5	5
65 years and over	20	10	15	70,600	27,185	43,415	150	55	95	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	16.0	21.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	34.8	28.8	40.4	5.0	4.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	12.0	25.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	23.0	18.0	30.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	18.0	x	25.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.0	18.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	24.0	22.0	26.0	4.0	x	6.0
65 years and over (%)	28.0	25.0	32.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	61.0	58.0	63.0	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	475	235	235	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	825	395	435	280	135	145
0 to 17 years	85	40	40	365,025	186,705	178,315	185	105	80	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	120,610	61,615	58,995	55	30	25	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	315	160	160	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	390	200	195	165	80	85
65 years and over	75	35	40	317,425	140,265	177,155	250	90	155	55	30	25
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	25	35	213,720	108,905	104,815	140	55	85	5	5	5
0 to 17 years	10	5	10	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	10	10	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	5	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	20	153,385	81,765	71,620	55	30	30	0	0	0
65 years and over	5	5	5	30,745	11,975	18,775	60	20	45	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.4	11.0	14.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	16.8	14.4	19.2	2.0	x	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	x	20.0	8.1	8.1	8.1	11.0	8.0	14.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.0	14.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	14.4	14.0	15.0	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	6.0	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	25.0	22.0	27.0	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	475	235	235	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	830	395	435	280	135	145
In bottom half of the distribution	340	160	180	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	715	340	375	95	45	50
In bottom decile	75	30	40	298,540	147,890	150,655	235	100	135	15	5	5
In second decile	75	35	35	244,435	115,985	128,450	185	80	105	15	10	5
In third decile	70	40	35	240,895	116,550	124,345	125	60	60	15	5	5
In fourth decile	45	25	20	218,125	105,885	112,240	95	60	40	20	10	10
In fifth decile	75	30	40	194,765	95,185	99,580	75	40	35	30	10	20
In top half of the distribution	135	80	60	762,590	384,140	378,450	110	55	60	185	90	95
In sixth decile	40	20	20	172,200	85,100	87,095	55	30	25	40	20	20
In seventh decile	35	20	20	156,540	78,290	78,250	30	15	15	35	20	20
In eighth decile	40	25	15	144,120	72,600	71,525	15	5	0	35	20	15
In ninth decile	10	5	0	134,265	68,285	65,980	0	0	0	40	20	20
In top decile	15	10	5	155,465	79,870	75,595	0	0	0	30	15	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	475	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	825	...	...	280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.291	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.278	...	...	0.288	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.470	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.580	...	...	0.404	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.244	...	...	0.242	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	4.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	980	440	540	280	135	145
English only	5	5	0	262,290	133,690	128,600	90	50	40	10	5	5
French only	275	130	150	486,845	221,005	265,840	355	125	235	85	35	50
English and French	190	105	85	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	490	255	235	180	95	85
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	50	15	35	5	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	980	440	540	280	135	145
English	15	10	10	605,220	303,380	301,835	180	100	80	75	40	40
French	445	225	220	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	675	275	400	175	85	95
English and French	10	0	5	173,785	88,480	85,300	85	55	30	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	45	15	25	5	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	980	440	540	280	135	145
Single responses	440	220	225	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	875	385	490	260	130	130
Official languages	405	205	195	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	490	195	295	145	75	75
English	15	5	5	322,315	162,085	160,230	70	25	40	30	20	10
French	390	195	195	870,975	428,435	442,540	420	165	255	120	55	65
Non-official languages	40	10	25	643,275	311,525	331,750	385	190	190	110	55	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	10	25	642,820	311,370	331,445	385	190	190	110	55	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	129,195	68,395	60,805	160	85	70	45	20	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	5	0	5	15	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	5	112,200	59,320	52,880	155	85	65	30	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	5	107,605	56,960	50,645	150	85	65	30	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	10	5	10	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	5	5	5	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	37,690	16,985	20,705	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	27,565	12,185	15,375	15	5	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	5	15	329,415	158,980	170,435	125	65	60	50	25	25
Albanian	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,235	16,405	20,835	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	36,800	16,245	20,555	10	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	40	20	20	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	15	183,755	87,295	96,460	40	20	15	40	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	5	0	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	5	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	15	85,395	41,150	44,250	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	20	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	690	365	320	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	140	65	80	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	57,075	26,030	31,035	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	56,890	25,955	30,935	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	30	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	15	143,450	71,980	71,470	105	55	55	20	5	15
English and French	5	5	0	42,695	21,750	20,940	30	10	20	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	5	5	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	47,185	23,615	23,570	50	25	25	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	10	0	5	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	980	440	540	280	135	145
English	10	5	5	340,470	170,050	170,425	95	45	55	50	25	25
French	390	200	195	779,125	383,000	396,125	370	135	235	120	50	70
Non-official language	5	0	5	204,395	96,705	107,690	140	60	75	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	5	0	5	204,315	96,670	107,645	140	60	75	20	10	10
English and French	20	5	15	173,135	89,205	83,935	35	20	15	5	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	135,390	66,995	68,400	40	20	20	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	180,900	85,935	94,965	195	100	100	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	154,470	76,450	78,020	90	55	40	25	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	980	440	540	280	135	145
Single responses	445	225	220	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	860	375	485	250	120	130
Official languages	435	220	215	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	610	260	350	215	100	110
English	10	5	5	479,850	239,270	240,580	130	70	65	70	35	35
French	420	215	210	956,130	471,155	484,975	475	195	280	145	65	75
Non-official languages	10	10	5	370,290	177,955	192,335	255	120	135	35	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	5	370,125	177,895	192,235	255	120	135	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	66,095	34,080	32,015	125	65	65	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	58,585	30,100	28,490	125	65	65	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	56,520	29,075	27,445	120	60	65	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	10	5	5	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	10	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	5	5	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	188,550	90,370	98,185	70	35	35	5	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	5	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	5	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	25	15	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	95,835	44,515	51,315	15	10	5	10	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	54,335	26,035	28,300	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	43,570	20,275	23,295	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	43,475	20,230	23,240	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	20	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	173,745	85,640	88,110	120	65	55	30	15	15
English and French	10	10	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	10	5	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	20	10	5	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	57,355	27,790	29,565	65	35	35	15	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	25	15	15	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	475	235	235	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	985	440	540	280	135	145
None	430	215	215	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	695	290	410	210	100	110
English	10	5	5	131,630	67,290	64,340	50	30	20	10	0	5
French	5	5	0	126,780	62,180	64,600	90	45	40	10	5	0
Non-official language	25	10	15	144,335	69,210	75,130	95	50	50	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15	144,155	69,135	75,015	100	50	50	25	10	15
English and French	5	5	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	20	10	10	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	15	5	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	15	10	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	0	0	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	480	255	225	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	855	420	430	295	145	150
Official languages	480	255	225	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	795	410	385	275	135	140
English	235	160	75	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	510	275	230	200	105	90
French	480	255	225	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	705	360	345	260	120	135
Non-official languages	130	70	65	971,455	471,755	499,700	635	340	300	205	110	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	70	65	970,710	471,495	499,220	635	340	300	205	110	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	217,295	113,605	103,690	275	180	95	80	30	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	15	10	0	20	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	205,120	107,210	97,905	275	180	95	80	30	45
Amharic	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	188,115	98,545	89,565	275	180	95	80	30	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	50	20	30	35	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0	30	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	76,295	34,775	41,520	35	0	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	67,895	30,695	37,205	35	0	35	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	35	35	514,485	250,190	264,295	200	100	100	85	50	35
Albanian	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	30	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	100	60	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	100	60	40	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	90	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	324,695	154,360	170,340	60	35	35	75	45	30
Catalan	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	20	10	15	70	35	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	35	193,835	91,345	102,490	30	15	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	40	20	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	480	255	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	850	425	430	290	145	150
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	480	255	220	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	850	425	430	290	145	150
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	480	255	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	850	425	430	290	145	150
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	480	255	220	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	850	425	430	290	145	150
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Owner	35	...	...	360,125	...	...	50	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	185	...	...	550,240	...	...	355	...	...	10	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	192,985	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	170	...	...	717,375	...	...	380	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	267,715	...	...	200	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	110	...	...	303,875	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	220,945	...	...	65	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	120	...	...	501,570	...	...	300	...	...	0	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	166,230	...	...	75	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	78,495	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	105,210	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.6	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
One person or fewer per room	220	...	...	881,730	...	...	380	...	...	95	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Suitable	195	...	...	834,885	...	...	360	...	...	85	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	75,475	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	325,005	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	25	...	...	282,605	...	...	75	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...	101,185	...	...	35	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	63,765	...	...	80	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	195	...	...	833,540	...	...	380	...	...	85	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	76,815	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	543,605	...	...	315	...	...	25	...	...
Two-maintainer household	105	...	...	333,140	...	...	70	...	...	65	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	162,375	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	171,535	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	155,520	...	...	45	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	156,865	...	...	60	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	122,825	...	...	75	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	70,345	...	...	85	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	220	...	...	902,485	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	190	...	...	686,075	...	...	250	...	...	85	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	216,410	...	...	155	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	189,795	...	...	155	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	405	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	330,635	...	...	215	...	...	30	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	186,350	...	...	145	...	...	10	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	56,480	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	50,745	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	145	...	...	579,720	...	...	185	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	220	...	...	875,865	...	...	400	...	...	95	...	...
In core need	15	...	...	87,945	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	205	...	...	787,925	...	...	260	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35	...	...	360,120	...	...	50	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.4	...	...	60.0	...	...	40.0	...	...	44.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	1,370	...	...	780	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,160	...	...	1,140	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	340,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	620,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	190	...	...	550,235	...	...	350	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.9	...	...	8.4	...	...	41.4	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.2	...	...	28.4	...	...	40.0	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.1	...	...	14.6	...	...	40.0	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	890	...	...	830	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	780	...	...	987	...	...	840	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	480	255	225	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	855	425	430	290	140	145
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	475	255	215	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	845	425	420	290	140	145
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	475	255	225	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	855	425	430	290	145	145
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	460	250	210	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	765	375	390	265	130	135
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	55	45	322,965	164,980	157,985	140	90	45	60	20	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	360	200	165	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	625	280	340	205	110	100
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	0	10	313,410	160,530	152,885	95	50	45	30	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	475	255	225	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	855	425	430	290	145	145
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	405	220	185	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	405	205	205	160	80	75
Immigrants⁸¹	70	35	35	652,730	313,955	338,770	420	205	225	125	55	70
Before 1980	10	10	0	108,265	50,530	57,735	85	40	45	25	10	15
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	65	20	45	15	10	10
1991 to 2000	25	10	20	106,810	50,520	56,290	65	20	50	15	10	0
2001 to 2010	20	20	0	154,780	74,520	80,255	115	80	40	65	25	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	0	15	213,175	104,225	108,950	95	45	50	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	15	0	15	99,070	48,005	51,065	45	20	30	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	50	30	25	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	20	20	0	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	70	35	35	652,725	313,955	338,770	420	200	220	125	55	70
Under 5 years	10	10	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	15	10	0	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	20	0	10	103,285	51,965	51,320	60	40	15	35	0	25
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	118,475	53,035	65,440	100	35	70	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	25	15	10	326,320	158,620	167,700	195	90	105	60	25	30
45 years and over	10	0	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	65	30	30	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	70	35	35	652,725	313,955	338,770	420	200	220	125	55	70
Americas	35	15	25	137,955	63,465	74,485	55	10	40	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15	48,570	21,555	27,015	30	0	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	33,410	15,245	18,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	158,795	76,610	82,190	45	20	25	35	15	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	10	10	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	25	15	152,205	77,515	74,690	155	90	65	60	20	35
Algeria	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	30	20	10	45	15	25
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	60	35	30	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	60	35	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	202,715	95,775	106,935	170	80	90	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	20	0	10	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	10	0	10	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0	20	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	65	40	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	50	30	20	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	45	25	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	25	20	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	480	250	220	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	850	425	430	295	145	150
First generation¹⁰⁰	90	40	45	813,905	400,325	413,580	445	220	225	130	65	70
Second generation¹⁰¹	80	35	45	424,225	212,755	211,475	240	150	95	70	45	25
Third generation or more¹⁰²	310	180	135	721,230	352,590	368,630	170	55	115	90	35	55
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	60	25	35	544,455	263,425	281,040	340	165	180	100	45	60
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	15	10	10	303,105	155,090	148,020	120	75	45	70	35	35
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	151,015	87,200	63,815	55	50	10	35	20	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	152,090	67,890	84,205	60	25	35	35	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	10	20	146,645	59,645	87,000	115	35	75	15	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	10	85,165	44,145	41,025	100	60	45	15	0	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	60	25	35	544,455	263,425	281,040	340	165	180	100	45	60
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	53,655	28,340	25,310	60	45	15	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	56,685	26,490	30,195	30	0	25	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	35	10	30	387,815	184,015	203,795	250	115	135	95	40	50
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	480	255	220	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	850	425	430	290	145	150
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	120	55	60	737,510	363,785	373,725	530	300	235	100	55	45
South Asian	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	80	40	35	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	25	10	10	0	0	0
Black	45	20	30	208,805	101,125	107,680	70	15	50	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	40	20	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	235	160	70	55	25	35
Latin American	30	15	15	82,550	40,580	41,970	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	85	45	40	35	20	10
West Asian	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	360	195	165	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	320	125	195	195	90	105
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	475	255	225	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	855	420	430	290	145	150
Canadian	155	100	60	241,015	115,880	125,135	70	35	35	20	0	10
English	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	10	0	10	0	0	0
Irish	20	10	10	102,325	48,885	53,440	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	15	0	15	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	30	30	336,880	169,710	167,170	20	0	20	30	15	10
German	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	35	15	20	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	156,025	76,485	79,535	15	10	0	75	40	40
Indian (India)	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	55	25	30	108,910	54,650	54,260	35	15	20	25	15	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	60	30	30	66,400	31,740	34,655	40	15	20	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	100	55	40	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0	30	20	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	56,950	30,125	26,830	55	40	15	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	25	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	15	25	82,590	38,735	43,855	40	0	40	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	50	35	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	75	45	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	50	20	25	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	40	30	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	10	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	20	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	480	255	220	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	850	425	430	290	145	150
Buddhist	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	30	20	15	15	15	10
Christian	230	110	120	969,945	451,410	518,540	310	90	215	135	70	65
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	116,635	55,545	61,090	50	10	35	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	190	100	90	675,695	314,690	361,010	195	50	150	135	60	65
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	50	20	30	233,440	121,145	112,290	405	255	150	90	35	50
Sikh	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	195	120	70	590,140	310,985	279,165	100	55	45	45	25	20
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	475	255	220	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	850	425	425	290	145	145
Non-movers	390	205	190	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	820	415	405	265	125	140
Movers	85	55	35	255,365	129,500	125,865	25	10	15	25	20	0
Non-migrants	60	40	20	186,805	94,745	92,055	15	0	10	25	20	0
Migrants	25	15	10	68,560	34,750	33,810	10	0	10	0	0	0
Internal migrants	10	10	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	460	250	220	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	830	410	415	280	135	140
Non-movers	260	140	120	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	640	315	325	230	105	120
Movers	205	105	100	821,475	413,250	408,230	195	95	90	50	30	20
Non-migrants	145	80	70	433,700	216,030	217,670	145	70	70	25	15	10
Migrants	60	30	30	387,770	197,215	190,560	50	25	20	20	15	0
Internal migrants	35	25	20	190,035	93,955	96,075	30	15	15	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	35	25	20	159,710	78,770	80,940	20	10	15	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	20	10	10	197,735	103,260	94,485	20	10	10	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	405	215	185	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	125	120
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	45	40	274,820	136,500	138,320	235	100	130	35	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	325	170	150	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	495	235	255	210	110	100
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	250	135	115	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	185	155	155	70	85
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	25	10	121,295	65,950	55,345	95	50	45	10	0	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	220	110	105	975,700	481,690	494,005	245	135	110	145	70	75
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	400	210	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	125	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	35	35	247,460	120,840	126,625	210	90	130	35	20	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	120	70	45	319,755	162,520	157,240	165	70	100	50	30	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	210	105	105	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	350	180	160	160	75	85
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	75	75	473,060	232,855	240,210	225	110	115	70	45	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	60	25	146,170	81,740	64,425	75	45	35	20	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	35	15	106,110	54,025	52,085	40	20	20	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	25	10	40,055	27,715	12,340	40	25	15	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	15	45	260,845	122,345	138,495	115	50	60	40	25	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	66,045	28,760	37,285	40	20	20	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	65	30	35	609,855	291,355	318,505	120	70	45	95	30	60
Bachelor's degree	40	20	20	344,605	160,320	184,285	65	35	30	65	15	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	20	10	10	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	0	10	159,510	78,325	81,190	30	25	0	25	10	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	250	140	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	180	155	150	65	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	15	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	85	45	45	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	35	20	162,205	88,420	73,785	45	25	25	10	10	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	85	85	831,975	403,420	428,555	210	120	90	135	60	70
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	55	50	333,160	167,260	165,895	125	60	60	50	35	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	20	110,390	60,690	49,700	55	25	30	10	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	30	15	81,090	40,585	40,505	20	10	15	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	20	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	30	20	15	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	15	30	174,185	84,745	89,445	45	25	20	35	20	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	60	25	35	498,815	236,155	262,665	85	55	35	85	25	55
Bachelor's degree	35	15	20	276,640	128,890	147,745	45	25	25	50	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	10	10	10	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	0	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	20	20	0	25	10	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	400	215	190	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	725	340	390	245	130	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	110	85	567,220	283,355	283,860	375	150	220	90	55	40
Education	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	0	25	10	0	0
13. Education	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	0	25	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	10	10	0	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	10	0	0	10	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	78,920	30,815	48,110	30	15	15	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	15	157,220	58,185	99,040	20	10	20	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	10	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	10	0	10	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	40	10	35	248,895	110,950	137,945	95	60	35	50	10	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	0	25	237,125	108,040	129,090	95	60	35	50	10	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	15	0	10	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	10	0	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	35	20	10	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	25	15	10	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	55	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	50	50	10	45	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	20	15	0	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	10	0	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20,645	19,920	730	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	122,295	30,795	91,495	50	15	30	10	0	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	109,185	24,140	85,045	45	10	30	10	0	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	15	0	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	26,800	9,745	17,060	15	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	250	135	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	185	160	155	70	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	80	55	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	130	65	70	20	10	10
Education	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	10	0	10
13. Education	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0	10	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	52,565	20,765	31,805	10	10	0	15	0	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	15	121,985	44,105	77,880	25	10	15	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	10	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	10	0	10	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	40	0	30	199,525	87,920	111,600	65	40	25	40	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	0	25	190,410	85,600	104,810	65	40	25	40	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	25	10	10	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	25	10	10	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	40	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	45	40	0	35	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	20	15	0	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	16,030	15,195	835	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15,275	14,660	615	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15	0	15	92,595	23,265	69,330	25	0	20	10	0	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	82,410	18,370	64,045	20	0	20	10	0	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	32,910	17,695	15,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	250	135	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	340	185	160	155	70	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	55	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	130	65	70	20	10	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	175	85	85	831,975	403,415	428,560	205	115	90	130	65	75
Location of study inside Canada	155	80	80	598,455	286,340	312,115	110	55	55	85	45	45
Same as province or territory of residence	150	75	80	566,540	270,160	296,380	110	55	55	85	45	45
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	15	10	10	233,520	117,075	116,445	100	65	35	50	20	30
Americas	10	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	74,705	39,515	35,190	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	75	45	30	30	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	15	10	10	25	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	30	20	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	400	210	190	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	725	335	385	250	125	120
In the labour force	230	120	110	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	275	165	110	155	75	80
Employed	200	105	90	971,245	502,885	468,360	215	135	85	150	75	70
Unemployed	30	10	20	110,395	58,460	51,935	50	30	20	10	0	10
Not in the labour force	170	90	80	568,495	246,215	322,280	450	170	280	90	50	40
Participation rate	57.5	57.1	57.9	65.5	69.5	61.8	37.9	49.3	28.6	62.0	60.0	66.7
Employment rate	50.0	50.0	47.4	58.9	62.3	55.6	29.7	40.3	22.1	60.0	60.0	58.3
Unemployment rate	13.0	8.3	18.2	10.2	10.4	10.0	18.2	18.2	18.2	6.5	0.0	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	400	215	190	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	725	340	390	245	130	120
Did not work¹⁸⁶	180	85	90	582,470	253,075	329,400	445	160	285	85	45	40
Worked	225	130	95	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	280	180	105	165	85	80
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	95	45	50	529,400	287,950	241,450	100	75	25	85	40	45
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	125	75	50	538,265	266,540	271,725	175	95	80	80	45	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	38.0	40.0	39.7	40.2	39.3	33.4	34.0	32.8	40.6	39.6	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	230	125	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	270	165	105	155	75	80
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	220	125	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	255	155	105	155	75	75
Employee	210	110	100	907,745	457,830	449,915	215	115	95	120	50	65
Permanent position	195	100	90	741,830	380,445	361,385	185	95	85	105	45	60
Temporary position	10	10	10	165,915	77,385	88,530	30	20	10	10	0	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	10	0	0	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10	10	0	96,225	46,100	50,120	20	15	0	10	0	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	10	10	0	142,380	88,145	54,230	45	40	0	35	30	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	230	125	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	270	165	105	155	75	80
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	220	125	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	255	155	105	155	75	75
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30	10	20	207,660	79,975	127,685	55	30	25	35	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	20	15	0	25	25	0
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	85,545	21,700	63,845	20	0	20	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	10	30	140,500	46,385	94,115	15	10	10	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	0	0	0	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	60	30	30	263,055	135,300	127,750	95	55	35	40	20	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	40	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	35	35	0	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	10	0	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	230	125	110	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	270	165	105	155	75	80
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	220	125	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	255	155	105	155	75	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	15	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	10	86,535	58,295	28,235	25	15	0	15	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	10	10	0	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	15	15	0	111,555	56,180	55,375	45	35	15	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	30	20	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	15	0	10	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	0	130,405	75,750	54,655	25	20	0	15	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	15	0	10	95,290	34,510	60,780	20	10	10	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	35	142,545	36,095	106,450	30	0	30	20	10	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	10	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	15	59,510	32,125	27,380	10	10	0	20	15	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	20	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	25	15	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	10	0	10	42,120	20,455	21,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	255	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	310	200	105	180	95	80
English	0	0	0	201,310	110,165	91,150	45	35	15	15	10	0
French	205	105	95	416,430	206,170	210,265	110	75	35	65	40	30
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and French	50	30	15	473,485	249,700	223,785	125	75	50	85	45	40
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	255	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	310	200	105	180	95	80
Single responses	255	135	115	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	250	170	85	170	90	80
Official languages	255	135	115	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	235	155	75	160	90	75
English	10	10	0	361,715	194,885	166,835	65	55	15	50	35	15
French	245	130	115	645,885	327,180	318,705	165	105	65	115	60	60
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	15	15	0	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	15	15	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	126,180	65,940	60,240	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	116,535	60,925	55,605	55	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	255	140	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	310	200	105	180	95	80
None	210	110	95	743,180	381,875	361,305	210	135	70	100	55	40
English	40	25	15	219,885	116,455	103,430	70	35	30	45	15	30
French	0	0	0	149,470	78,495	70,975	20	20	0	35	20	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	200	110	90	971,245	502,885	468,360	215	135	80	150	80	75
Worked at home	20	10	10	298,820	151,335	147,485	65	45	20	35	10	25
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	30	20	10	25	20	0
Usual place of work	145	75	75	580,035	286,695	293,340	120	65	55	90	45	40
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	150	70	75	580,035	286,695	293,340	120	65	55	90	45	40
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	55	60	427,475	202,010	225,465	90	45	45	60	30	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	10	10	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	10	58,865	35,690	23,175	20	10	10	20	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	95	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	155	90	65	110	65	45
Car, truck or van	135	70	65	395,615	229,315	166,300	100	65	40	90	60	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	130	70	65	365,770	218,475	147,295	95	65	30	80	55	25
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	10	0	10	15	0	10
Public transit	40	25	20	177,860	74,605	103,260	30	15	20	20	0	0
Walked	0	0	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	95	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	155	90	65	110	65	45
Less than 15 minutes	30	20	10	125,240	61,185	64,055	20	10	10	35	15	20
15 to 29 minutes	55	20	35	241,005	129,590	111,420	60	40	15	15	15	0
30 to 44 minutes	55	35	20	176,925	96,710	80,215	40	15	25	30	25	10
45 to 59 minutes	20	15	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	10	10	0	15	0	10
60 minutes and over	10	0	10	58,350	28,905	29,445	20	10	10	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	95	75	669,150	349,485	319,665	155	90	65	110	65	45
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	10	10	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	25	15	95,270	56,280	38,990	15	10	0	0	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	10	15	166,695	79,410	87,280	30	20	15	45	25	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	20	149,185	68,865	80,320	20	10	10	30	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	15	106,855	50,615	56,240	40	15	25	30	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	30	15	112,350	65,830	46,520	35	25	10	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	80	45	40	371,310	189,920	181,390	185	105	80	65	25	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	109,065	56,315	52,750	35	15	20	20	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	40	262,245	133,605	128,640	150	85	65	40	15	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	35	30	264,905	135,505	129,395	140	80	60	50	25	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	82,880	42,755	40,130	25	10	10	15	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	67,535	34,945	32,590	15	10	10	15	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	10	5	5	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	182,020	92,755	89,270	115	70	45	40	15	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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