Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	WhitehorseMore information: Yukon [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	24,513	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,770^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,424	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,971	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	681.5	...	...	681.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	35.97	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	24,515	12,000	12,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,290	2,225	2,065	17.5	18.5	16.5
0 to 4 years	1,370	690	680	5.6	5.8	5.4
5 to 9 years	1,475	780	690	6.0	6.5	5.5
10 to 14 years	1,445	760	690	5.9	6.3	5.5
15 to 64 years	16,985	8,210	8,775	69.3	68.4	70.1
15 to 19 years	1,325	700	625	5.4	5.8	5.0
20 to 24 years	1,515	760	750	6.2	6.3	6.0
25 to 29 years	1,845	915	930	7.5	7.6	7.4
30 to 34 years	2,295	1,115	1,180	9.4	9.3	9.4
35 to 39 years	2,200	1,060	1,145	9.0	8.8	9.2
40 to 44 years	1,790	850	945	7.3	7.1	7.6
45 to 49 years	1,610	720	890	6.6	6.0	7.1
50 to 54 years	1,430	685	745	5.8	5.7	6.0
55 to 59 years	1,485	715	775	6.1	6.0	6.2
60 to 64 years	1,485	690	795	6.1	5.8	6.4
65 years and over	3,240	1,565	1,675	13.2	13.0	13.4
65 to 69 years	1,180	570	610	4.8	4.8	4.9
70 to 74 years	910	435	475	3.7	3.6	3.8
75 to 79 years	590	305	290	2.4	2.5	2.3
80 to 84 years	305	145	160	1.2	1.2	1.3
85 years and over	255	105	150	1.0	0.9	1.2
85 to 89 years	170	70	100	0.7	0.6	0.8
90 to 94 years	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
95 to 99 years	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	18.5	16.5	17.5	18.5	16.5
15 to 64 years	69.3	68.4	70.1	69.3	68.4	70.1
65 years and over	13.2	13.0	13.4	13.2	13.0	13.4
85 years and over	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
Average age of the population	38.4	37.7	39.1	38.4	37.7	39.1
Median age of the population	37.2	36.4	38.0	37.2	36.4	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,435	...	...	44.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,005	...	...	10.1	...	...
Row house	1,065	...	...	10.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	620	...	...	6.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,780	...	...	17.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	970	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,970	...	...	29.8	...	...
2 persons	3,250	...	...	32.6	...	...
3 persons	1,605	...	...	16.1	...	...
4 persons	1,370	...	...	13.7	...	...
5 or more persons	770	...	...	7.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,080	11,750	12,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	20,225	9,770	10,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,915	5,430	5,485	54.0	55.6	52.5
Married	7,565	3,780	3,790	37.4	38.7	36.3
Living common-law	3,350	1,650	1,700	16.6	16.9	16.3
Living common law - Never married	2,690	1,325	1,365	13.3	13.6	13.1
Living common law - Separated	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	525	260	260	2.6	2.7	2.5
Living common law - Widowed	50	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	9,305	4,345	4,960	46.0	44.5	47.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,620	3,375	3,240	32.7	34.5	31.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	470	195	275	2.3	2.0	2.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,485	610	875	7.3	6.2	8.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	735	170	565	3.6	1.7	5.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,580	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,445	...	...	52.4	...	...
3 persons	1,425	...	...	21.7	...	...
4 persons	1,220	...	...	18.5	...	...
5 or more persons	490	...	...	7.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,295	...	...	80.5	...	...
Married couples	3,620	...	...	55.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,020	...	...	30.7	...	...
Without children	1,605	...	...	24.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,675	...	...	25.5	...	...
With children⁶	620	...	...	9.4	...	...
Without children	1,055	...	...	16.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,280	...	...	19.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	950	...	...	14.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	335	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	24,080	11,750	12,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,615	9,155	9,460	77.3	77.9	76.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,585	5,255	5,335	44.0	44.7	43.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,285	335	950	5.3	2.9	7.7
Children⁶	6,750	3,570	3,175	28.0	30.4	25.7
In a two-parent family	4,770	2,525	2,245	19.8	21.5	18.2
In a one-parent family	1,975	1,050	930	8.2	8.9	7.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,460	2,590	2,870	22.7	22.0	23.3
Living alone	2,970	1,290	1,685	12.3	11.0	13.7
Living with other relatives⁷	640	275	365	2.7	2.3	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,850	1,030	820	7.7	8.8	6.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,535	...	...	55.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,550	...	...	45.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,295	...	...	23.0	...	...
Without children	2,250	...	...	22.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	985	...	...	9.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	235	...	...	2.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	95	...	...	1.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	495	...	...	5.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	645	...	...	6.5	...	...
One-person households	2,970	...	...	29.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	19,795	9,525	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,170	9,165	10,005	96.8	96.2	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,400	60,000	56,800	58,400	60,000	56,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,180	9,170	10,005	96.9	96.3	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	53,200	50,800	52,000	53,200	50,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,960	8,585	9,375	90.7	90.1	91.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	58,800	52,400	55,600	58,800	52,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,980	7,720	8,260	80.7	81.0	80.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,400	58,800	54,000	56,400	58,800	54,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,205	7,455	8,750	81.9	78.3	85.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,720	3,400	5,600	4,720	3,400	5,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,595	770	825	8.1	8.1	8.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,400	6,000	5,760	5,400	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,250	2,015	2,230	21.5	21.2	21.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	19,765	9,535	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,150	9,200	9,955	96.9	96.5	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,900	69,700	62,400	65,900	69,700	62,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,155	9,205	9,955	96.9	96.5	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,400	58,750	54,200	56,400	58,750	54,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,915	8,600	9,310	90.6	90.2	91.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,700	67,600	58,150	62,700	67,600	58,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,940	7,695	8,245	80.6	80.7	80.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,700	65,200	56,500	60,700	65,200	56,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,310	7,525	8,780	82.5	78.9	85.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,520	7,920	9,030	8,520	7,920	9,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,670	795	875	8.4	8.3	8.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,020	6,120	7,840	7,020	6,120	7,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,180	1,950	2,225	21.1	20.5	21.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,030	7,990	8,070	8,030	7,990	8,070
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	19,765	9,530	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,695	4,315	4,380	44.0	45.3	42.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,500	83,000	75,500	78,500	83,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,100	87,200	77,000	82,100	87,200	77,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,785	2,680	3,105	29.3	28.1	30.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	31,200	25,600	28,600	31,200	25,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,920	39,960	36,120	37,920	39,960	36,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	90.6	87.2	89.0	90.6	87.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.6	78.2	75.0	76.6	78.2	75.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.0	9.3	12.8	11.0	9.3	12.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.8	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.1	2.7	3.4	3.1	2.7	3.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.7	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.4	2.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	19,800	9,520	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	630	360	270	3.2	3.8	2.6
With total income	19,175	9,165	10,005	96.8	96.3	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,080	530	550	5.6	5.8	5.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,305	620	685	6.8	6.8	6.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,075	925	1,145	10.8	10.1	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,985	880	1,110	10.4	9.6	11.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,810	855	950	9.4	9.3	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,610	755	855	8.4	8.2	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,610	715	900	8.4	7.8	9.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,630	700	930	8.5	7.6	9.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,420	630	790	7.4	6.9	7.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,290	640	645	6.7	7.0	6.4
$100,000 and over	3,360	1,915	1,450	17.5	20.9	14.5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,600	1,410	1,190	13.6	15.4	11.9
$150,000 and over	760	500	255	4.0	5.5	2.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	19,800	9,520	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	620	350	270	3.1	3.7	2.6
With after-tax income	19,175	9,175	10,005	96.8	96.4	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,130	560	570	5.9	6.1	5.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,365	645	715	7.1	7.0	7.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,305	1,030	1,280	12.0	11.2	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,345	1,075	1,275	12.2	11.7	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,055	990	1,070	10.7	10.8	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,975	920	1,055	10.3	10.0	10.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	885	1,215	11.0	9.6	12.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,845	845	1,005	9.6	9.2	10.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,420	725	690	7.4	7.9	6.9
$90,000 to $99,999	925	485	445	4.8	5.3	4.4
$100,000 and over	1,710	1,025	685	8.9	11.2	6.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	620	455	5.6	6.8	4.5
$125,000 and over	630	400	230	3.3	4.4	2.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	19,800	9,520	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,820	1,800	2,020	19.3	18.9	19.7
With employment income	15,980	7,720	8,255	80.7	81.1	80.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,470	665	810	9.2	8.6	9.8
$5,000 to $9,999	800	320	480	5.0	4.1	5.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,325	605	725	8.3	7.8	8.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,160	535	630	7.3	6.9	7.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,285	630	660	8.0	8.2	8.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,230	600	625	7.7	7.8	7.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,155	555	595	7.2	7.2	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,270	565	710	7.9	7.3	8.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,345	575	770	8.4	7.4	9.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,180	550	625	7.4	7.1	7.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,110	560	550	6.9	7.3	6.7
$100,000 and over	2,650	1,565	1,080	16.6	20.3	13.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,550	860	695	9.7	11.1	8.4
$125,000 and over	1,095	705	390	6.9	9.1	4.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	19,795	9,525	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,915	9,040	9,875	95.6	94.9	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	57,200	52,800	54,800	57,200	52,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,920	9,035	9,885	95.6	94.9	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	50,400	47,600	49,200	50,400	47,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,850	8,535	9,315	90.2	89.6	90.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	56,400	50,000	52,800	56,400	50,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,095	7,775	8,320	81.3	81.6	81.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200	56,400	50,400	53,200	56,400	50,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,725	6,710	8,015	74.4	70.4	78.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,290	484	2,580	1,290	484	2,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,530	745	785	7.7	7.8	7.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,880	7,650	6,600	5,880	7,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	19,765	9,535	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,925	9,075	9,850	95.8	95.2	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,450	66,900	60,300	63,450	66,900	60,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,935	9,075	9,860	95.8	95.2	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,900	56,300	51,750	53,900	56,300	51,750
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,920	8,620	9,300	90.7	90.4	90.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,850	66,000	57,950	61,850	66,000	57,950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,100	7,790	8,315	81.5	81.7	81.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,650	63,150	54,400	58,650	63,150	54,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,875	6,855	8,020	75.3	71.9	78.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,265	5,600	6,840	6,265	5,600	6,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,585	685	900	8.0	7.2	8.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,010	6,360	9,260	8,010	6,360	9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	19,765	9,530	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,620	4,255	4,360	43.6	44.6	42.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	78,500	70,500	74,000	78,500	70,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,500	82,900	72,200	77,500	82,900	72,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,610	2,615	2,995	28.4	27.4	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,000	34,400	26,800	31,000	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,080	43,000	37,520	40,080	43,000	37,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.2	93.6	90.8	92.2	93.6	90.8
Employment income (%)	78.6	81.0	76.2	78.6	81.0	76.2
Government transfers (%)	7.8	6.3	9.2	7.8	6.3	9.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.4	1.1	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	52,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,500	...	...	126,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,300	...	...	108,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...	129,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	315	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	2.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	4.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	6.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	550	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,495	...	...	55.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,285	...	...	12.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	965	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,650	...	...	16.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,600	...	...	16.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	320	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	255	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	620	...	...	6.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	725	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	715	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	660	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	635	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,735	...	...	47.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,320	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,130	...	...	11.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,290	...	...	23.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,820	2,320	2,500	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,600	49,200	54,400	51,600	49,200	54,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	44,400	48,800	46,400	44,400	48,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	148,600	...	...	148,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	142,800	...	...	142,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,670	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	179,600	...	...	179,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,600	...	...	152,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,800	...	...	84,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,710	2,220	2,485	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,450	62,500	62,450	62,450	62,500	62,450
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,800	53,250	54,250	53,800	53,250	54,250
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	24,085	11,750	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,085	2,640	2,445	21.1	22.5	19.8
0 to 5 years	1,660	840	820	6.9	7.1	6.7
18 to 64 years	15,975	7,660	8,320	66.3	65.2	67.5
65 years and over	3,025	1,450	1,570	12.6	12.3	12.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,405	700	705	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	330	175	150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	115	50	65	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	730	365	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	355	165	190	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.9	6.0	5.7	5.9	6.0	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.4	6.7	6.1	6.4	6.7	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.2	7.6	6.9	6.2	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.7	4.4	4.6	4.7	4.4
65 years and over (%)	11.7	11.3	12.0	11.7	11.3	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
65 years and over	0	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	24,080	11,750	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,590	3,695	3,895	31.5	31.4	31.6
In bottom decile	1,480	755	725	6.1	6.4	5.9
In second decile	1,380	660	725	5.7	5.6	5.9
In third decile	1,485	720	765	6.2	6.1	6.2
In fourth decile	1,445	690	750	6.0	5.9	6.1
In fifth decile	1,805	870	935	7.5	7.4	7.6
In top half of the distribution	16,490	8,055	8,435	68.5	68.6	68.4
In sixth decile	2,120	1,010	1,115	8.8	8.6	9.0
In seventh decile	2,535	1,200	1,335	10.5	10.2	10.8
In eighth decile	3,250	1,565	1,685	13.5	13.3	13.7
In ninth decile	4,130	2,035	2,095	17.2	17.3	17.0
In top decile	4,455	2,250	2,210	18.5	19.1	17.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	24,080	...	...	24,080	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...	0.282	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.351	...	...	0.351	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256	...	...	0.256	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	24,165	11,805	12,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	20,150	9,935	10,215	83.4	84.2	82.6
French only	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	3,835	1,780	2,055	15.9	15.1	16.6
Neither English nor French	125	60	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	24,165	11,805	12,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	22,870	11,145	11,720	94.6	94.4	94.8
French	1,080	555	530	4.5	4.7	4.3
English and French	105	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	115	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	24,165	11,805	12,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,235	11,345	11,890	96.2	96.1	96.2
Official languages	19,830	9,750	10,080	82.1	82.6	81.5
English	18,785	9,210	9,575	77.7	78.0	77.4
French	1,045	540	510	4.3	4.6	4.1
Non-official languages	3,405	1,600	1,810	14.1	13.6	14.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	95	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	70	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Northern Athabaskan languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern Tutchone	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southern Tutchone	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,315	1,565	1,745	13.7	13.3	14.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,140	505	635	4.7	4.3	5.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Fijian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ilocano	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	885	400	485	3.7	3.4	3.9
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	95	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamil	15	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,330	690	640	5.5	5.8	5.2
Albanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	70	85	0.7	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	320	150	170	1.3	1.3	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	250	115	135	1.0	1.0	1.1
German	220	100	115	0.9	0.8	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	580	335	250	2.4	2.8	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	555	315	245	2.3	2.7	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	365	215	155	1.5	1.8	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	60	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	120	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	195	100	100	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	120	40	75	0.5	0.3	0.6
Korean	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	295	110	185	1.2	0.9	1.5
Chinese languages	295	110	185	1.2	0.9	1.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	115	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	170	60	110	0.7	0.5	0.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	925	455	475	3.8	3.9	3.8
English and French	295	155	145	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	530	255	275	2.2	2.2	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	24,165	11,805	12,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,295	9,495	9,800	79.8	80.4	79.3
French	460	220	235	1.9	1.9	1.9
Non-official language	755	390	365	3.1	3.3	3.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	750	390	365	3.1	3.3	3.0
English and French	840	410	430	3.5	3.5	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	2,610	1,185	1,420	10.8	10.0	11.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	24,165	11,805	12,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,505	11,500	12,005	97.3	97.4	97.1
Official languages	21,650	10,585	11,060	89.6	89.7	89.4
English	21,025	10,280	10,745	87.0	87.1	86.9
French	620	305	320	2.6	2.6	2.6
Non-official languages	1,855	910	940	7.7	7.7	7.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,850	910	935	7.7	7.7	7.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	750	360	395	3.1	3.0	3.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ilocano	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	600	285	315	2.5	2.4	2.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	80	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kannada	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	625	335	290	2.6	2.8	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	455	250	210	1.9	2.1	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	445	245	200	1.8	2.1	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	180	140	1.3	1.5	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	40	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	85	115	0.8	0.7	0.9
Chinese languages	200	85	115	0.8	0.7	0.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	660	305	355	2.7	2.6	2.9
English and French	150	75	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	480	220	260	2.0	1.9	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	24,165	11,805	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,030	10,345	10,685	87.0	87.6	86.4
English	1,000	470	525	4.1	4.0	4.2
French	575	285	295	2.4	2.4	2.4
Non-official language	1,140	505	635	4.7	4.3	5.1
Indigenous³⁹	95	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous	1,045	470	575	4.3	4.0	4.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	195	95	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	145	60	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	23,970	11,700	12,270	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	23,905	11,680	12,230	99.3	99.5	99.2
French	3,820	1,725	2,095	15.9	14.7	17.0
Non-official languages	5,000	2,335	2,670	20.8	19.9	21.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	170	80	95	0.7	0.7	0.8
Algonquian languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	115	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Northern Athabaskan languages	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern Tutchone	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern Tutchone	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	35	30	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	35	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,830	2,255	2,580	20.1	19.2	20.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arabic	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,540	690	850	6.4	5.9	6.9
Bikol	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cebuano	195	85	110	0.8	0.7	0.9
Fijian	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hiligaynon	110	40	75	0.5	0.3	0.6
Ilocano	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indonesian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,405	630	775	5.8	5.4	6.3
Waray-Waray	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	185	75	105	0.8	0.6	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	135	55	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Tamil	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Telugu	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,345	1,205	1,140	9.7	10.3	9.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	90	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	195	90	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	650	325	320	2.7	2.8	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	525	280	245	2.2	2.4	2.0
German	510	275	235	2.1	2.3	1.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	725	420	305	3.0	3.6	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	705	410	300	2.9	3.5	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	60	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hindi	390	230	150	1.6	2.0	1.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	215	200	1.7	1.8	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	135	100	40	0.6	0.9	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	800	365	435	3.3	3.1	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	745	335	410	3.1	2.9	3.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	155	85	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Korean	75	10	60	0.3	0.1	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	380	160	225	1.6	1.4	1.8
Chinese languages	380	160	225	1.6	1.4	1.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	230	110	120	1.0	0.9	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	210	65	145	0.9	0.6	1.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,920	1,795	2,125	16.3	15.3	17.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,795	1,710	2,085	15.8	14.6	16.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,840	1,260	1,580	11.8	10.7	12.8
Métis	780	365	410	3.2	3.1	3.3
Inuk (Inuit)	175	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.8
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	80	55	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	20,150	9,945	10,205	83.7	84.7	82.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,315	1,025	1,295	9.6	8.7	10.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,760	10,720	11,035	90.4	91.3	89.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,565	...	...	65.8	...	...
Renter	3,405	...	...	34.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,885	...	...	18.9	...	...
Not condominium	8,085	...	...	81.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	105	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,305	...	...	13.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,730	...	...	27.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,515	...	...	35.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,320	...	...	23.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,495	...	...	35.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,595	...	...	16.0	...	...
6 rooms	1,590	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,235	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,050	...	...	20.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,725	...	...	97.5	...	...
More than one person per room	245	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,405	...	...	94.3	...	...
Not suitable	565	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	850	...	...	8.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,160	...	...	31.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,045	...	...	10.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,485	...	...	14.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	580	...	...	5.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	835	...	...	8.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	915	...	...	9.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,100	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,045	...	...	90.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	930	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,850	...	...	48.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,435	...	...	44.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	685	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	265	...	...	2.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,830	...	...	18.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,115	...	...	21.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,800	...	...	18.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,915	...	...	19.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,340	...	...	13.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	530	...	...	5.3	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,160	...	...	81.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,805	...	...	18.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,695	...	...	17.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,025	...	...	30.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,560	...	...	15.6	...	...
Not suitable only	475	...	...	4.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	720	...	...	7.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	175	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,950	...	...	69.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,095	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not in core need	8,760	...	...	88.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.3	...	...	69.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.3	...	...	12.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,762	...	...	1,762	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	498,000	...	...	498,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,405	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.3	...	...	22.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.3	...	...	29.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.7	...	...	22.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,484	...	...	1,484	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	24,075	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,705	775	930	7.1	6.6	7.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,610	730	875	6.7	6.2	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,440	645	790	6.0	5.5	6.4
Métis single ancestry	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	100	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	75	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,470	1,160	1,310	10.3	9.9	10.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,405	1,120	1,290	10.0	9.5	10.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,750	820	930	7.3	7.0	7.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	580	265	315	2.4	2.3	2.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,895	9,805	10,090	82.6	83.5	81.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	24,075	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	21,675	10,505	11,170	90.0	89.5	90.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,890	2,515	2,375	20.3	21.4	19.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,790	7,990	8,800	69.7	68.1	71.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,395	1,240	1,160	9.9	10.6	9.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	24,075	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,415	9,545	9,875	80.6	81.3	80.1
Immigrants⁸¹	3,875	1,785	2,095	16.1	15.2	17.0
Before 1980	640	315	325	2.7	2.7	2.6
1980 to 1990	245	95	155	1.0	0.8	1.3
1991 to 2000	440	165	275	1.8	1.4	2.2
2001 to 2010	840	400	435	3.5	3.4	3.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,720	815	900	7.1	6.9	7.3
2011 to 2015	805	360	440	3.3	3.1	3.6
2016 to 2021	910	455	455	3.8	3.9	3.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	775	415	365	3.2	3.5	3.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,880	1,785	2,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	315	165	145	8.1	9.2	6.9
5 to 14 years	605	295	310	15.6	16.5	14.8
15 to 24 years	770	365	410	19.8	20.4	19.6
25 to 44 years	1,870	815	1,055	48.2	45.7	50.4
45 years and over	320	150	175	8.2	8.4	8.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,880	1,785	2,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	470	215	260	12.1	12.0	12.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	10	25	0.9	0.6	1.2
Mexico	60	25	30	1.5	1.4	1.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
United States of America	290	145	145	7.5	8.1	6.9
Other places of birth in Americas	70	20	45	1.8	1.1	2.1
Europe	1,055	505	550	27.2	28.3	26.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
France	80	35	40	2.1	2.0	1.9
Germany	200	95	105	5.2	5.3	5.0
Greece	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Hungary	15	10	10	0.4	0.6	0.5
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	60	30	30	1.5	1.7	1.4
Poland	20	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Romania	25	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.5
Russian Federation	30	20	10	0.8	1.1	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	355	140	210	9.1	7.8	10.0
Other places of birth in Europe	240	120	120	6.2	6.7	5.7
Africa	155	90	70	4.0	5.0	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Morocco	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Nigeria	25	15	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Somalia	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	40	2.1	2.5	1.9
Asia	2,110	935	1,175	54.4	52.4	56.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
China⁹⁰	170	65	110	4.4	3.6	5.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.0
Korea, South⁹²	60	15	50	1.5	0.8	2.4
Taiwan	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Philippines	1,285	565	715	33.1	31.7	34.1
Viet Nam	35	0	30	0.9	0.0	1.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	310	165	150	8.0	9.2	7.2
Pakistan	55	40	20	1.4	2.2	1.0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	50	55	2.7	2.8	2.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	85	40	45	2.2	2.2	2.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	910	455	460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	55	60	12.6	12.1	13.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.2
Mexico	30	15	20	3.3	3.3	4.3
United States of America	30	15	15	3.3	3.3	3.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	3.3	3.3	3.3
Europe	140	85	55	15.4	18.7	12.0
France	15	10	0	1.6	2.2	0.0
Germany	30	10	15	3.3	2.2	3.3
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	15	3.8	4.4	3.3
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20	6.0	7.7	4.3
Africa	55	35	25	6.0	7.7	5.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	10	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	2.2	2.2	0.0
Asia	565	265	305	62.1	58.2	66.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	3.3	2.2	4.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	215	125	90	23.6	27.5	19.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	40	15	20	4.4	3.3	4.3
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	2.7	2.2	3.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	25	15	10	2.7	3.3	2.2
Philippines	215	90	125	23.6	19.8	27.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.2
Oceania and other⁹³	35	15	20	3.8	3.3	4.3
Australia	25	10	20	2.7	2.2	4.3
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	10	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,885	2,305	2,580	20.3	19.6	20.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,085	1,970	2,115	17.0	16.8	17.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,100	7,470	7,635	62.7	63.6	61.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,235	1,470	1,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,285	1,080	1,200	70.6	73.5	68.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,170	545	625	36.2	37.1	35.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,115	540	575	34.5	36.7	32.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	815	325	490	25.2	22.1	27.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	55	55	3.6	3.7	3.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	0	15	0.8	0.0	0.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,235	1,470	1,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	70	35	40	2.2	2.4	2.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	890	400	485	27.5	27.2	27.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	20	45	1.9	1.4	2.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	315	135	180	9.7	9.2	10.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,900	875	1,025	58.7	59.5	58.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,415	2,050	2,370	18.3	17.5	19.2
South Asian	915	495	425	3.8	4.2	3.4
Chinese	525	230	300	2.2	2.0	2.4
Black	480	240	240	2.0	2.0	1.9
Filipino	1,755	765	990	7.3	6.5	8.0
Arab	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	190	95	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Southeast Asian	135	55	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
West Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	80	15	65	0.3	0.1	0.5
Japanese	165	80	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	115	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	19,655	9,690	9,960	81.7	82.5	80.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	24,070	11,740	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,905	1,425	1,475	12.1	12.1	12.0
English	5,830	2,810	3,020	24.2	23.9	24.5
Irish	4,575	2,230	2,340	19.0	19.0	19.0
Scottish	5,030	2,545	2,485	20.9	21.7	20.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,620	1,240	1,380	10.9	10.6	11.2
German	3,265	1,655	1,615	13.6	14.1	13.1
Chinese	670	295	380	2.8	2.5	3.1
Italian	440	215	225	1.8	1.8	1.8
Indian (India)	610	305	300	2.5	2.6	2.4
Ukrainian	1,190	585	610	4.9	5.0	4.9
Dutch	1,110	525	585	4.6	4.5	4.7
Polish	595	275	320	2.5	2.3	2.6
Québécois	65	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	855	410	455	3.6	3.5	3.7
Filipino	1,570	670	905	6.5	5.7	7.3
French Canadian	415	195	220	1.7	1.7	1.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	590	305	290	2.5	2.6	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,635	765	870	6.8	6.5	7.1
Métis	780	365	415	3.2	3.1	3.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	600	315	285	2.5	2.7	2.3
Russian	410	185	230	1.7	1.6	1.9
Norwegian	945	450	495	3.9	3.8	4.0
Welsh	700	325	380	2.9	2.8	3.1
Portuguese	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
American	380	200	185	1.6	1.7	1.5
Spanish	320	165	155	1.3	1.4	1.3
Swedish	565	300	265	2.3	2.6	2.1
Hungarian	260	135	120	1.1	1.1	1.0
Acadian	165	55	110	0.7	0.5	0.9
Pakistani	85	65	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jewish	120	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
Punjabi	135	80	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Vietnamese	80	30	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	70	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	180	90	95	0.7	0.8	0.8
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	275	110	165	1.1	0.9	1.3
Korean	100	25	75	0.4	0.2	0.6
Romanian	115	40	75	0.5	0.3	0.6
Lebanese	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	285	140	145	1.2	1.2	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	220	115	100	0.9	1.0	0.8
Sikh	115	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Austrian	190	105	85	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belgian	155	70	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Haitian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexican	125	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mennonite	95	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Swiss	240	130	115	1.0	1.1	0.9
Finnish	225	125	100	0.9	1.1	0.8
Sri Lankan	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Croatian	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	210	100	110	0.9	0.9	0.9
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	125	55	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	195	95	100	0.8	0.8	0.8
Colombian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	95	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Serbian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Newfoundlander	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	120	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Armenian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	75	15	60	0.3	0.1	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Somali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern Irish	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Fijian	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Costa Rican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	24,070	11,745	12,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	180	75	110	0.7	0.6	0.9
Christian	9,065	4,155	4,910	37.7	35.4	39.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,590	710	875	6.6	6.0	7.1
Anabaptist	35	30	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
Anglican	1,055	490	565	4.4	4.2	4.6
Baptist	450	205	245	1.9	1.7	2.0
Catholic	4,035	1,865	2,170	16.8	15.9	17.6
Christian Orthodox	105	65	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	245	125	120	1.0	1.1	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	90	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	190	85	105	0.8	0.7	0.9
Presbyterian	75	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Reformed	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	630	245	385	2.6	2.1	3.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	380	185	200	1.6	1.6	1.6
Hindu	220	125	95	0.9	1.1	0.8
Jewish	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Muslim	175	120	55	0.7	1.0	0.4
Sikh	340	160	175	1.4	1.4	1.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	285	105	185	1.2	0.9	1.5
No religion and secular perspectives	13,745	6,980	6,760	57.1	59.4	54.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	23,845	11,640	12,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,740	9,700	10,035	82.8	83.3	82.2
Movers	4,100	1,935	2,165	17.2	16.6	17.7
Non-migrants	2,830	1,305	1,530	11.9	11.2	12.5
Migrants	1,275	635	640	5.3	5.5	5.2
Internal migrants	1,090	555	530	4.6	4.8	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	145	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Interprovincial migrants	945	480	465	4.0	4.1	3.8
External migrants	180	80	105	0.8	0.7	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	22,715	11,085	11,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,365	5,540	5,830	50.0	50.0	50.1
Movers	11,350	5,545	5,800	50.0	50.0	49.9
Non-migrants	6,000	2,975	3,020	26.4	26.8	26.0
Migrants	5,350	2,570	2,780	23.6	23.2	23.9
Internal migrants	4,180	1,940	2,240	18.4	17.5	19.3
Intraprovincial migrants	785	370	415	3.5	3.3	3.6
Interprovincial migrants	3,395	1,570	1,825	14.9	14.2	15.7
External migrants	1,170	630	535	5.2	5.7	4.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,765	9,530	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,920	1,735	1,180	14.8	18.2	11.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,845	7,795	9,055	85.2	81.8	88.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,080	6,655	7,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,320	825	495	9.4	12.4	6.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,765	5,830	6,930	90.7	87.6	93.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,765	9,530	10,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,455	1,445	1,010	12.4	15.2	9.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,065	2,560	2,505	25.6	26.9	24.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,255	5,525	6,725	62.0	58.0	65.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,300	3,115	3,185	31.9	32.7	31.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,670	1,305	360	8.4	13.7	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	590	340	250	3.0	3.6	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,080	965	115	5.5	10.1	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,805	1,445	2,360	19.3	15.2	23.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	825	360	465	4.2	3.8	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,950	2,415	3,540	30.1	25.3	34.6
Bachelor's degree	3,650	1,500	2,140	18.5	15.7	20.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	145	230	1.9	1.5	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	1,670	630	1,045	8.4	6.6	10.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	155	90	65	0.8	0.9	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,085	6,650	7,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	655	385	7.4	9.8	5.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,055	1,640	1,415	21.7	24.7	19.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,985	4,360	5,630	70.9	65.6	75.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,810	2,310	2,495	34.1	34.7	33.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,215	925	295	8.6	13.9	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	420	225	190	3.0	3.4	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	800	700	105	5.7	10.5	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,950	1,115	1,835	20.9	16.8	24.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	635	275	360	4.5	4.1	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,180	2,045	3,130	36.8	30.8	42.1
Bachelor's degree	3,170	1,285	1,890	22.5	19.3	25.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	320	130	190	2.3	2.0	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	35	40	0.6	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	1,480	530	950	10.5	8.0	12.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	130	75	60	0.9	1.1	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,765	9,530	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,515	4,005	3,510	38.0	42.0	34.3
Education	1,035	320	715	5.2	3.4	7.0
13. Education	1,035	320	715	5.2	3.4	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260	115	150	1.3	1.2	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	235	95	145	1.2	1.0	1.4
Humanities	670	300	370	3.4	3.1	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	140	45	100	0.7	0.5	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235	130	110	1.2	1.4	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	110	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,790	620	1,175	9.1	6.5	11.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	100	95	1.0	1.0	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	305	50	260	1.5	0.5	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	225	85	135	1.1	0.9	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	65	10	55	0.3	0.1	0.5
42. Psychology	255	65	190	1.3	0.7	1.9
45. Social sciences	725	305	420	3.7	3.2	4.1
Business, management and public administration	2,320	645	1,675	11.7	6.8	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	410	105	310	2.1	1.1	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,905	540	1,360	9.6	5.7	13.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	585	315	275	3.0	3.3	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	260	125	135	1.3	1.3	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	155	100	55	0.8	1.0	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	220	175	2.0	2.3	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	170	115	1.5	1.8	1.1
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,225	1,960	265	11.3	20.6	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	110	70	40	0.6	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	440	330	110	2.2	3.5	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	365	325	40	1.8	3.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	620	580	35	3.1	6.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	550	520	30	2.8	5.5	0.3
48. Precision production	145	135	10	0.7	1.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	575	285	280	2.9	3.0	2.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	455	235	225	2.3	2.5	2.2
Health and related fields	1,660	365	1,300	8.4	3.8	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,495	290	1,205	7.6	3.0	11.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	745	390	355	3.8	4.1	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	420	160	260	2.1	1.7	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	140	15	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,080	6,655	7,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,095	2,295	1,800	29.1	34.5	24.2
Education	810	255	555	5.8	3.8	7.5
13. Education	810	255	555	5.8	3.8	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	85	110	1.4	1.3	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	180	70	110	1.3	1.1	1.5
Humanities	475	200	275	3.4	3.0	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	70	0.7	0.5	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	70	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
54. History	95	35	60	0.7	0.5	0.8
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,495	465	1,035	10.6	7.0	13.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	80	95	1.2	1.2	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	25	190	1.6	0.4	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	200	70	125	1.4	1.1	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	65	10	55	0.5	0.2	0.7
42. Psychology	220	55	165	1.6	0.8	2.2
45. Social sciences	610	225	385	4.3	3.4	5.2
Business, management and public administration	1,935	525	1,410	13.7	7.9	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	355	85	270	2.5	1.3	3.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,580	440	1,140	11.2	6.6	15.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	510	265	245	3.6	4.0	3.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	115	115	1.6	1.7	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	50	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	135	85	50	1.0	1.3	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	200	145	2.5	3.0	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	260	160	100	1.8	2.4	1.3
25. Library science	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,700	1,470	230	12.1	22.1	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	100	60	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
14. Engineering	380	285	95	2.7	4.3	1.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	250	25	2.0	3.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	460	425	35	3.3	6.4	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	370	25	2.8	5.6	0.3
48. Precision production	85	80	10	0.6	1.2	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	250	270	3.7	3.8	3.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	50	60	0.7	0.8	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	415	195	220	2.9	2.9	3.0
Health and related fields	1,410	340	1,065	10.0	5.1	14.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	120	60	60	0.9	0.9	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,270	280	1,000	9.0	4.2	13.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	590	305	285	4.2	4.6	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	340	135	205	2.4	2.0	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	65	70	1.0	1.0	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	105	10	0.9	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,080	6,655	7,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,095	2,295	1,800	29.1	34.5	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,985	4,360	5,625	70.9	65.5	75.8
Location of study inside Canada	7,955	3,490	4,465	56.5	52.4	60.1
Same as province or territory of residence	1,665	685	980	11.8	10.3	13.2
Different than province or territory of residence	6,285	2,805	3,485	44.6	42.1	46.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,035	865	1,165	14.5	13.0	15.7
Americas	325	145	180	2.3	2.2	2.4
United States of America	250	115	135	1.8	1.7	1.8
Mexico	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	510	210	300	3.6	3.2	4.0
Belgium	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Germany	80	30	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Netherlands	40	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Switzerland	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	45	80	0.9	0.7	1.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	100	35	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
Africa	60	30	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	30	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	20	0.1	0.2	0.3
Asia	1,060	430	625	7.5	6.5	8.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
Philippines	665	260	400	4.7	3.9	5.4
Viet Nam	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	190	80	100	1.3	1.2	1.3
Pakistan	35	25	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	80	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Australia	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	20	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	19,765	9,530	10,230	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,735	7,145	7,590	...	...	...
Employed	13,935	6,725	7,205	...	...	...
Unemployed	800	415	385	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,030	2,385	2,640	...	...	...
Participation rate	74.6	75.0	74.2	74.6	75.0	74.2
Employment rate	70.5	70.6	70.4	70.5	70.6	70.4
Unemployment rate	5.4	5.8	5.1	5.4	5.8	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	19,765	9,530	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,780	2,245	2,535	24.2	23.6	24.8
Worked	14,985	7,290	7,700	75.8	76.5	75.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,845	4,400	4,445	44.8	46.2	43.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,140	2,890	3,250	31.1	30.3	31.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.1	42.8	43.0	43.1	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,735	7,145	7,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	115	100	1.5	1.6	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,525	7,030	7,495	98.6	98.4	98.7
Employee	12,885	6,090	6,795	87.4	85.2	89.5
Permanent position	10,465	4,985	5,485	71.0	69.8	72.2
Temporary position	2,415	1,110	1,310	16.4	15.5	17.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	895	405	485	6.1	5.7	6.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,525	700	830	10.3	9.8	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,640	940	700	11.1	13.2	9.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,735	7,145	7,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	115	100	1.5	1.6	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,525	7,030	7,495	98.6	98.4	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	220	95	130	1.5	1.3	1.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,790	715	2,075	18.9	10.0	27.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,165	820	350	7.9	11.5	4.6
3 Health occupations	1,070	210	865	7.3	2.9	11.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,890	980	1,905	19.6	13.7	25.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	470	210	270	3.2	2.9	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	3,120	1,495	1,625	21.2	20.9	21.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,385	2,190	195	16.2	30.7	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	205	155	50	1.4	2.2	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	195	165	30	1.3	2.3	0.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,735	7,145	7,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	115	100	1.5	1.6	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	14,525	7,030	7,495	98.6	98.4	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	55	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	280	190	90	1.9	2.7	1.2
22 Utilities	95	80	15	0.6	1.1	0.2
23 Construction	1,185	1,045	135	8.0	14.6	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	205	160	50	1.4	2.2	0.7
41 Wholesale trade	195	145	50	1.3	2.0	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,590	915	675	10.8	12.8	8.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	540	365	175	3.7	5.1	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	380	225	155	2.6	3.1	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	250	100	145	1.7	1.4	1.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	90	70	1.1	1.3	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	805	410	390	5.5	5.7	5.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	340	235	105	2.3	3.3	1.4
61 Educational services	1,055	325	730	7.2	4.5	9.6
62 Health care and social assistance	1,935	430	1,500	13.1	6.0	19.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	130	150	1.9	1.8	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	840	355	485	5.7	5.0	6.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	655	300	355	4.4	4.2	4.7
91 Public administration	3,630	1,465	2,165	24.6	20.5	28.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,785	7,650	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,930	7,285	7,645	94.6	95.2	94.0
French	150	40	110	1.0	0.5	1.4
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	465	210	250	2.9	2.7	3.1
English and non-official language(s)	210	100	115	1.3	1.3	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,785	7,650	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,700	7,605	8,090	99.5	99.4	99.4
Official languages	15,665	7,585	8,080	99.2	99.2	99.3
English	15,455	7,525	7,925	97.9	98.4	97.4
French	210	60	155	1.3	0.8	1.9
Non-official languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,785	7,650	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,185	7,390	7,795	96.2	96.6	95.8
English	75	25	55	0.5	0.3	0.7
French	350	165	185	2.2	2.2	2.3
Non-official language	175	75	95	1.1	1.0	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	155	65	85	1.0	0.8	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,935	6,725	7,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,455	635	815	10.4	9.4	11.3
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,400	1,045	355	10.0	15.5	4.9
Usual place of work	11,070	5,035	6,035	79.4	74.9	83.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	11,070	5,035	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,510	4,725	5,785	94.9	93.8	95.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	125	90	35	1.1	1.8	0.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different province or territory	430	215	215	3.9	4.3	3.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,465	6,080	6,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,515	5,230	5,285	84.4	86.0	82.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,600	4,995	4,610	77.0	82.2	72.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	910	235	680	7.3	3.9	10.6
Public transit	450	190	260	3.6	3.1	4.1
Walked	925	340	590	7.4	5.6	9.2
Bicycle	375	215	155	3.0	3.5	2.4
Other method	205	100	100	1.6	1.6	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,465	6,080	6,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,720	3,295	3,425	53.9	54.2	53.6
15 to 29 minutes	4,990	2,355	2,635	40.0	38.7	41.3
30 to 44 minutes	475	255	225	3.8	4.2	3.5
45 to 59 minutes	125	80	50	1.0	1.3	0.8
60 minutes and over	150	95	55	1.2	1.6	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,465	6,080	6,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	280	160	115	2.2	2.6	1.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,290	700	590	10.3	11.5	9.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,065	2,000	2,065	32.6	32.9	32.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,285	1,830	2,450	34.4	30.1	38.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,315	720	590	10.5	11.8	9.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,235	670	565	9.9	11.0	8.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,155	2,685	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	770	400	375	14.9	14.9	15.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,385	2,285	2,100	85.1	85.1	84.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,680	1,925	1,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	290	265	14.9	15.1	15.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	435	230	210	11.8	11.9	12.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120	60	60	3.3	3.1	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,130	1,645	1,485	85.1	85.5	84.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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