Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	View Royal, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,575	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,408	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,175	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,915	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	807.6	...	...	807.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.33	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,575	5,520	6,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,630	775	855	14.1	14.0	14.1
0 to 4 years	510	250	260	4.4	4.5	4.3
5 to 9 years	550	235	320	4.8	4.3	5.3
10 to 14 years	565	290	275	4.9	5.3	4.5
15 to 64 years	7,530	3,635	3,895	65.1	65.9	64.3
15 to 19 years	520	245	270	4.5	4.4	4.5
20 to 24 years	555	280	275	4.8	5.1	4.5
25 to 29 years	680	330	350	5.9	6.0	5.8
30 to 34 years	770	375	390	6.7	6.8	6.4
35 to 39 years	850	415	435	7.3	7.5	7.2
40 to 44 years	850	425	425	7.3	7.7	7.0
45 to 49 years	755	350	405	6.5	6.3	6.7
50 to 54 years	855	425	425	7.4	7.7	7.0
55 to 59 years	850	385	465	7.3	7.0	7.7
60 to 64 years	855	405	450	7.4	7.3	7.4
65 years and over	2,415	1,110	1,305	20.9	20.1	21.6
65 to 69 years	845	390	460	7.3	7.1	7.6
70 to 74 years	685	335	345	5.9	6.1	5.7
75 to 79 years	425	165	250	3.7	3.0	4.1
80 to 84 years	245	125	120	2.1	2.3	2.0
85 years and over	220	95	125	1.9	1.7	2.1
85 to 89 years	155	75	80	1.3	1.4	1.3
90 to 94 years	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	14.0	14.1	14.1	14.0	14.1
15 to 64 years	65.1	65.9	64.3	65.1	65.9	64.3
65 years and over	20.9	20.1	21.6	20.9	20.1	21.6
85 years and over	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
Average age of the population	43.8	43.5	44.1	43.8	43.5	44.1
Median age of the population	44.8	44.0	45.2	44.8	44.0	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,770	...	...	36.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	190	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	990	...	...	20.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	905	...	...	18.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	900	...	...	18.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	165	...	...	3.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,395	...	...	28.4	...	...
2 persons	1,960	...	...	39.9	...	...
3 persons	700	...	...	14.2	...	...
4 persons	585	...	...	11.9	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	5.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,260	5,335	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,945	4,745	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,090	3,050	3,040	61.2	64.3	58.4
Married	4,805	2,415	2,390	48.3	50.9	45.9
Living common-law	1,290	640	645	13.0	13.5	12.4
Living common law - Never married	865	430	435	8.7	9.1	8.4
Living common law - Separated	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	340	165	170	3.4	3.5	3.3
Living common law - Widowed	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	3,855	1,695	2,160	38.8	35.7	41.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,370	1,220	1,145	23.8	25.7	22.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	280	130	150	2.8	2.7	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	785	270	520	7.9	5.7	10.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	425	75	345	4.3	1.6	6.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,015	...	...	59.5	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	19.2	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	4.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,945	...	...	87.1	...	...
Married couples	2,305	...	...	68.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,080	...	...	32.0	...	...
Without children	1,220	...	...	36.1	...	...
Common-law couples	645	...	...	19.1	...	...
With children⁶	165	...	...	4.9	...	...
Without children	480	...	...	14.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	435	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	330	...	...	9.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	105	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,260	5,335	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,050	4,385	4,670	80.4	82.2	78.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,890	2,935	2,960	52.3	55.0	49.9
Parents in one-parent families	440	105	335	3.9	2.0	5.6
Children⁶	2,725	1,345	1,380	24.2	25.2	23.3
In a two-parent family	2,130	1,040	1,095	18.9	19.5	18.5
In a one-parent family	590	310	285	5.2	5.8	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,215	950	1,265	19.7	17.8	21.3
Living alone	1,395	570	825	12.4	10.7	13.9
Living with other relatives⁷	280	120	155	2.5	2.2	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	545	260	280	4.8	4.9	4.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,970	...	...	60.4	...	...
Couple-family households	2,600	...	...	52.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,085	...	...	22.1	...	...
Without children	1,515	...	...	30.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	365	...	...	7.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	180	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	225	...	...	4.6	...	...
One-person households	1,395	...	...	28.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,420	4,450	4,970	97.7	97.6	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	58,800	44,400	50,400	58,800	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,425	4,455	4,970	97.7	97.7	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	51,600	40,400	44,800	51,600	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,845	4,185	4,660	91.7	91.8	91.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,400	36,400	45,200	54,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,005	3,410	3,595	72.6	74.8	70.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	57,200	40,400	48,000	57,200	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,520	3,265	4,255	78.0	71.6	83.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,000	9,700	9,400	9,000	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	665	280	380	6.9	6.1	7.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,280	5,840	5,480	5,280	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,095	950	1,145	21.7	20.8	22.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,465	4,490	4,970	98.1	98.5	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,850	66,100	50,360	57,850	66,100	50,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,470	4,490	4,975	98.2	98.5	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	55,200	43,760	49,200	55,200	43,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,900	4,255	4,650	92.3	93.3	91.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,550	62,050	43,880	52,550	62,050	43,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,005	3,425	3,575	72.6	75.1	70.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,100	62,000	44,600	53,100	62,000	44,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,470	3,240	4,230	77.4	71.1	83.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,630	10,250	10,930	10,630	10,250	10,930
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	670	270	400	6.9	5.9	7.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,700	5,760	7,320	6,700	5,760	7,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,115	925	1,190	21.9	20.3	23.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,370	8,480	8,300	8,370	8,480	8,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,520	1,905	1,615	36.5	41.8	31.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	77,500	62,000	72,000	77,500	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,600	84,200	67,800	76,600	84,200	67,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,650	1,155	1,495	27.5	25.3	29.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	24,400	22,200	23,200	24,400	22,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,560	38,600	27,880	32,560	38,600	27,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.4	88.8	81.6	85.4	88.8	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.0	71.6	63.7	68.0	71.6	63.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.5	11.2	18.5	14.5	11.2	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.5	1.2	0.8	0.5	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1	3.2	5.1	4.1	3.2	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.6	3.9	3.2	2.6	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	220	105	115	2.3	2.3	2.3
With total income	9,420	4,455	4,970	97.7	97.7	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	600	255	345	6.4	5.7	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	825	340	490	8.8	7.6	9.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,150	440	710	12.2	9.9	14.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,080	435	650	11.5	9.8	13.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,015	415	595	10.8	9.3	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	975	395	585	10.4	8.9	11.8
$60,000 to $69,999	890	425	465	9.4	9.5	9.4
$70,000 to $79,999	750	410	335	8.0	9.2	6.7
$80,000 to $89,999	545	310	240	5.8	7.0	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	395	245	150	4.2	5.5	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,195	780	415	12.7	17.5	8.4
$100,000 to $149,999	910	555	350	9.7	12.5	7.0
$150,000 and over	290	225	65	3.1	5.1	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	220	105	110	2.3	2.3	2.2
With after-tax income	9,430	4,450	4,975	97.8	97.6	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	630	265	370	6.7	6.0	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	865	350	515	9.2	7.9	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,315	510	810	13.9	11.5	16.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,290	520	770	13.7	11.7	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,225	520	705	13.0	11.7	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	525	640	12.4	11.8	12.9
$60,000 to $69,999	950	525	425	10.1	11.8	8.5
$70,000 to $79,999	625	355	275	6.6	8.0	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	490	310	180	5.2	7.0	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	305	180	130	3.2	4.0	2.6
$100,000 and over	560	400	155	5.9	9.0	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	305	210	95	3.2	4.7	1.9
$125,000 and over	255	190	65	2.7	4.3	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,640	1,150	1,490	27.4	25.2	29.3
With employment income	7,005	3,410	3,595	72.6	74.8	70.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	780	330	455	11.1	9.7	12.7
$5,000 to $9,999	455	195	260	6.5	5.7	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	665	285	375	9.5	8.4	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	555	220	335	7.9	6.5	9.3
$30,000 to $39,999	585	235	350	8.4	6.9	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	595	240	360	8.5	7.0	10.0
$50,000 to $59,999	630	265	365	9.0	7.8	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	600	305	295	8.6	8.9	8.2
$70,000 to $79,999	525	300	225	7.5	8.8	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	445	270	175	6.4	7.9	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	340	215	130	4.9	6.3	3.6
$100,000 and over	830	555	275	11.8	16.3	7.6
$100,000 to $124,999	480	285	190	6.9	8.4	5.3
$125,000 and over	355	270	85	5.1	7.9	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,245	4,360	4,885	95.9	95.6	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	57,200	42,400	48,000	57,200	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,270	4,360	4,905	96.1	95.6	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	49,600	37,600	42,400	49,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,745	4,130	4,620	90.7	90.6	90.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	55,200	36,800	44,800	55,200	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,335	3,545	3,790	76.0	77.7	74.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,400	38,000	44,800	54,400	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,915	2,370	3,545	61.3	52.0	69.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,450	8,200	7,200	7,450	8,200	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	520	200	320	5.4	4.4	6.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	4,640	6,280	5,520	4,640	6,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,315	4,415	4,905	96.6	96.8	96.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,900	64,300	48,360	55,900	64,300	48,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,340	4,415	4,925	96.8	96.8	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,880	53,100	41,280	46,880	53,100	41,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,865	4,200	4,665	91.9	92.1	91.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,900	62,500	44,240	52,900	62,500	44,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,410	3,585	3,825	76.8	78.6	75.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	60,300	41,880	50,800	60,300	41,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,950	2,415	3,535	61.7	53.0	69.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	8,680	8,720	8,700	8,680	8,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	520	145	375	5.4	3.2	7.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,520	7,100	7,680	7,520	7,100	7,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,495	1,880	1,615	36.2	41.2	31.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	75,000	58,000	67,500	75,000	58,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,200	82,200	62,850	73,200	82,200	62,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,560	1,095	1,460	26.5	24.0	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	37,600	25,200	28,000	37,600	25,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,920	45,900	31,880	37,920	45,900	31,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	92.6	87.0	90.0	92.6	87.0
Employment income (%)	72.2	76.2	67.6	72.2	76.2	67.6
Government transfers (%)	9.9	7.4	13.0	9.9	7.4	13.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.2	0.8	0.4	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,900	...	...	58,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,800	...	...	49,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	6.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	310	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,395	...	...	48.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	660	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	555	...	...	11.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	670	...	...	13.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	505	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	420	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	405	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	325	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,995	...	...	40.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	750	...	...	15.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	10.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	720	...	...	14.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,370	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,935	830	1,110	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	52,000	47,200	49,200	52,000	47,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	45,200	42,000	43,600	45,200	42,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,900	...	...	116,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,905	820	1,085	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,350	61,300	50,900	55,350	61,300	50,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,160	50,700	44,500	47,160	50,700	44,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,265	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,935	920	1,010	17.2	17.3	17.0
0 to 5 years	605	295	310	5.4	5.5	5.2
18 to 64 years	7,000	3,350	3,650	62.1	62.9	61.6
65 years and over	2,325	1,060	1,270	20.6	19.9	21.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	680	315	365	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	70	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	30	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	345	170	175	...	...	...
65 years and over	205	80	125	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.1	6.0	6.1	6.1	6.0	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	7.6	6.0	6.8	7.6	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	11.0	5.0	8.0	11.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.8	4.9	5.0	4.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.6	9.8	8.8	7.6	9.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,260	5,335	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,935	925	1,015	17.2	17.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	605	295	310	5.4	5.5	5.2
18 to 64 years	7,000	3,350	3,650	62.2	62.8	61.6
65 years and over	2,325	1,060	1,265	20.6	19.9	21.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	365	190	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	25	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	230	125	110	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.6	3.0	3.2	3.6	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.5	4.8	4.2	4.5	4.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	9.0	2.5	5.6	9.0	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.8	3.0	3.4	3.8	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.8	2.0	1.9	1.8	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,265	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,115	1,840	2,275	36.5	34.5	38.4
In bottom decile	675	320	355	6.0	6.0	6.0
In second decile	595	250	345	5.3	4.7	5.8
In third decile	770	315	460	6.8	5.9	7.8
In fourth decile	925	430	490	8.2	8.1	8.3
In fifth decile	1,145	515	630	10.2	9.7	10.6
In top half of the distribution	7,145	3,490	3,655	63.4	65.5	61.6
In sixth decile	1,140	530	610	10.1	9.9	10.3
In seventh decile	1,445	695	750	12.8	13.0	12.6
In eighth decile	1,490	740	755	13.2	13.9	12.7
In ninth decile	1,655	815	845	14.7	15.3	14.2
In top decile	1,415	710	700	12.6	13.3	11.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,260	...	...	11,260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.371	...	...	0.371	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,475	5,015	5,460	90.6	91.0	90.2
French only	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	1,005	465	540	8.7	8.4	8.9
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,255	5,380	5,880	97.4	97.6	97.2
French	205	90	115	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,280	5,375	5,905	97.6	97.5	97.6
Official languages	9,740	4,690	5,055	84.3	85.1	83.6
English	9,535	4,600	4,940	82.5	83.5	81.7
French	205	90	115	1.8	1.6	1.9
Non-official languages	1,540	690	855	13.3	12.5	14.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,540	690	855	13.3	12.5	14.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arabic	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	65	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	40	70	1.0	0.7	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	30	60	0.8	0.5	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	930	430	500	8.0	7.8	8.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	50	85	1.2	0.9	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	50	80	1.1	0.9	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Russian	40	15	30	0.3	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	60	85	1.3	1.1	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.7
German	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	400	195	205	3.5	3.5	3.4
Indo-Aryan languages	345	165	175	3.0	3.0	2.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	40	25	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	100	125	1.9	1.8	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	55	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	115	125	2.1	2.1	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	135	70	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Korean	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	95	125	1.9	1.7	2.1
Chinese languages	220	95	125	1.9	1.7	2.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	100	40	60	0.9	0.7	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	105	50	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	135	150	2.4	2.5	2.5
English and French	75	45	35	0.6	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	170	70	95	1.5	1.3	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,865	4,745	5,125	85.3	86.1	84.7
French	40	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	330	150	185	2.9	2.7	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	330	150	185	2.9	2.7	3.1
English and French	175	70	100	1.5	1.3	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	1,090	500	590	9.4	9.1	9.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,350	5,420	5,930	98.2	98.4	98.0
Official languages	10,630	5,080	5,550	92.0	92.2	91.7
English	10,570	5,050	5,520	91.4	91.7	91.2
French	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official languages	720	340	380	6.2	6.2	6.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	720	340	380	6.2	6.2	6.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	410	190	220	3.5	3.4	3.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	120	130	2.2	2.2	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	205	95	110	1.8	1.7	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	65	80	1.3	1.2	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Chinese languages	125	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	215	90	125	1.9	1.6	2.1
English and French	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	185	75	105	1.6	1.4	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,560	5,510	6,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,420	4,985	5,435	90.1	90.5	89.8
English	315	150	160	2.7	2.7	2.6
French	125	55	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
Non-official language	555	240	310	4.8	4.4	5.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	555	240	310	4.8	4.4	5.1
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,265	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,155	5,285	5,865	99.0	99.2	98.9
English	11,150	5,285	5,860	99.0	99.2	98.8
French	995	400	590	8.8	7.5	9.9
Non-official languages	2,190	990	1,195	19.4	18.6	20.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,175	985	1,190	19.3	18.5	20.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	55	1.1	1.2	0.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	115	60	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
Amharic	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Arabic	65	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	165	65	100	1.5	1.2	1.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	65	100	1.4	1.2	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	35	30	0.5	0.7	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Tamil	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,330	620	710	11.8	11.6	12.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	85	110	1.7	1.6	1.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	195	85	110	1.7	1.6	1.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Russian	90	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	240	95	145	2.1	1.8	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	155	55	100	1.4	1.0	1.7
German	150	55	95	1.3	1.0	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	480	255	220	4.3	4.8	3.7
Indo-Aryan languages	440	240	190	3.9	4.5	3.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	240	140	105	2.1	2.6	1.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	250	130	125	2.2	2.4	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	115	75	45	1.0	1.4	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	200	260	4.1	3.8	4.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Portuguese	50	25	35	0.4	0.5	0.6
Romanian	20	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Spanish	355	155	200	3.2	2.9	3.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	10	50	0.5	0.2	0.8
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
American Sign Language	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	310	140	180	2.8	2.6	3.0
Chinese languages	310	140	180	2.8	2.6	3.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	175	70	105	1.6	1.3	1.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	175	80	90	1.6	1.5	1.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	670	320	355	6.0	6.0	6.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	655	310	350	5.8	5.8	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	300	130	170	2.7	2.4	2.9
Métis	345	175	170	3.1	3.3	2.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,590	5,015	5,575	94.0	94.1	94.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	200	85	110	1.8	1.6	1.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,065	5,240	5,820	98.3	98.3	98.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,310	...	...	67.3	...	...
Renter	1,600	...	...	32.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,320	...	...	26.9	...	...
Not condominium	3,595	...	...	73.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	705	...	...	14.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,430	...	...	29.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,680	...	...	34.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,075	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,525	...	...	31.0	...	...
5 rooms	850	...	...	17.3	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	14.1	...	...
7 rooms	635	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,210	...	...	24.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,850	...	...	98.7	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,765	...	...	96.9	...	...
Not suitable	150	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	670	...	...	13.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	735	...	...	15.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	680	...	...	13.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	845	...	...	17.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	450	...	...	9.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	385	...	...	7.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	430	...	...	8.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	710	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,765	...	...	96.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	150	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,250	...	...	45.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,430	...	...	49.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	1.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	620	...	...	12.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	885	...	...	18.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	925	...	...	18.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	930	...	...	18.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	905	...	...	18.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	415	...	...	8.4	...	...
85 years and over	155	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,855	...	...	78.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,050	...	...	21.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	970	...	...	19.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,260	...	...	25.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	965	...	...	19.6	...	...
Not suitable only	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,655	...	...	74.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	395	...	...	8.2	...	...
Not in core need	4,430	...	...	91.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,315	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.1	...	...	62.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,698	...	...	1,698	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	848,000	...	...	848,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,600	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.4	...	...	34.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,560	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,578	...	...	1,578	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	160	70	90	1.4	1.3	1.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	70	90	1.4	1.3	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	120	45	70	1.1	0.8	1.2
Métis single ancestry	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	615	285	330	5.5	5.3	5.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	565	260	310	5.0	4.9	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	340	165	175	3.0	3.1	3.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	225	95	130	2.0	1.8	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,490	4,975	5,510	93.2	93.3	92.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,470	5,000	5,470	93.0	93.8	92.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,770	880	895	15.7	16.5	15.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,700	4,120	4,575	77.3	77.3	77.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	790	330	460	7.0	6.2	7.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,015	4,300	4,715	80.1	80.7	79.5
Immigrants⁸¹	2,070	960	1,110	18.4	18.0	18.7
Before 1980	630	285	350	5.6	5.3	5.9
1980 to 1990	175	85	90	1.6	1.6	1.5
1991 to 2000	190	90	95	1.7	1.7	1.6
2001 to 2010	480	215	260	4.3	4.0	4.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	600	290	310	5.3	5.4	5.2
2011 to 2015	235	115	120	2.1	2.2	2.0
2016 to 2021	360	170	190	3.2	3.2	3.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	180	70	105	1.6	1.3	1.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,070	960	1,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	265	120	145	12.8	12.5	13.1
5 to 14 years	335	155	175	16.2	16.1	15.8
15 to 24 years	390	165	230	18.8	17.2	20.7
25 to 44 years	920	445	480	44.4	46.4	43.2
45 years and over	160	80	80	7.7	8.3	7.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,070	960	1,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	240	100	140	11.6	10.4	12.6
Brazil	25	15	15	1.2	1.6	1.4
Colombia	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	35	20	15	1.7	2.1	1.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
United States of America	120	45	70	5.8	4.7	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	25	1.7	1.0	2.3
Europe	795	355	435	38.4	37.0	39.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	10	0.7	1.0	0.9
Germany	65	25	35	3.1	2.6	3.2
Greece	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	15	10	1.2	1.6	0.9
Netherlands	40	15	25	1.9	1.6	2.3
Poland	20	15	10	1.0	1.6	0.9
Portugal	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
Romania	35	15	20	1.7	1.6	1.8
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	35	15	20	1.7	1.6	1.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	400	185	215	19.3	19.3	19.4
Other places of birth in Europe	100	55	50	4.8	5.7	4.5
Africa	135	70	60	6.5	7.3	5.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	25	15	0	1.2	1.6	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	35	15	20	1.7	1.6	1.8
Somalia	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	2.2	2.6	1.8
Asia	870	410	455	42.0	42.7	41.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	15	1.2	1.6	1.4
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	115	35	75	5.6	3.6	6.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	45	40	10	2.2	4.2	0.9
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Taiwan	20	0	15	1.0	0.0	1.4
Philippines	145	55	85	7.0	5.7	7.7
Viet Nam	20	0	15	1.0	0.0	1.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	290	165	130	14.0	17.2	11.7
Pakistan	55	35	15	2.7	3.6	1.4
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	40	65	5.1	4.2	5.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	25	15	1.7	2.6	1.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	360	170	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	15	25	12.5	8.8	12.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	15	15	9.7	8.8	7.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	30	35	18.1	17.6	17.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	2.8	0.0	5.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	4.2	0.0	5.1
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	4.2	5.9	0.0
Africa	60	30	25	16.7	17.6	12.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	35	15	20	9.7	8.8	10.3
Somalia	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	195	85	110	54.2	50.0	56.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15	8.3	8.8	7.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	35	35	19.4	20.6	17.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	15	35	12.5	8.8	17.9
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,365	1,090	1,275	21.0	20.5	21.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,400	1,125	1,270	21.3	21.1	21.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,500	3,120	3,380	57.7	58.5	57.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,440	675	765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	830	395	435	57.6	58.5	56.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	385	210	175	26.7	31.1	22.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	445	180	265	30.9	26.7	34.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	485	215	265	33.7	31.9	34.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	65	50	8.0	9.6	6.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,440	675	765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	25	25	3.5	3.7	3.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	225	85	140	15.6	12.6	18.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	35	35	4.5	5.2	4.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	145	65	80	10.1	9.6	10.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	940	460	475	65.3	68.1	62.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,260	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,980	950	1,030	17.6	17.8	17.4
South Asian	655	345	310	5.8	6.5	5.2
Chinese	470	220	245	4.2	4.1	4.1
Black	205	95	110	1.8	1.8	1.9
Filipino	175	75	105	1.6	1.4	1.8
Arab	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latin American	100	55	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Southeast Asian	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
West Asian	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	115	45	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,280	4,380	4,900	82.4	82.2	82.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,265	5,330	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,205	575	630	10.7	10.8	10.6
English	3,455	1,645	1,815	30.7	30.9	30.6
Irish	1,915	875	1,045	17.0	16.4	17.6
Scottish	2,615	1,340	1,275	23.2	25.1	21.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,025	505	520	9.1	9.5	8.8
German	1,405	650	750	12.5	12.2	12.6
Chinese	435	210	225	3.9	3.9	3.8
Italian	350	160	195	3.1	3.0	3.3
Indian (India)	380	195	190	3.4	3.7	3.2
Ukrainian	690	325	365	6.1	6.1	6.2
Dutch	535	255	275	4.7	4.8	4.6
Polish	455	230	225	4.0	4.3	3.8
Québécois	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	670	280	380	5.9	5.3	6.4
Filipino	160	65	95	1.4	1.2	1.6
French Canadian	85	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	185	100	85	1.6	1.9	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	160	90	70	1.4	1.7	1.2
Métis	305	140	165	2.7	2.6	2.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	395	190	205	3.5	3.6	3.5
Russian	275	115	155	2.4	2.2	2.6
Norwegian	360	180	185	3.2	3.4	3.1
Welsh	245	100	140	2.2	1.9	2.4
Portuguese	115	60	60	1.0	1.1	1.0
American	150	60	90	1.3	1.1	1.5
Spanish	165	70	95	1.5	1.3	1.6
Swedish	285	100	185	2.5	1.9	3.1
Hungarian	120	50	70	1.1	0.9	1.2
Acadian	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	60	40	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jewish	60	45	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Punjabi	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Vietnamese	90	45	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Greek	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Korean	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Romanian	90	40	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	225	100	125	2.0	1.9	2.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	190	70	120	1.7	1.3	2.0
Belgian	90	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	65	40	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Mexican	110	45	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Mennonite	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Swiss	65	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
Finnish	120	65	55	1.1	1.2	0.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Japanese	115	50	70	1.0	0.9	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	100	40	50	0.9	0.8	0.8
Muslim	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tamil	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	120	70	50	1.1	1.3	0.8
Colombian	50	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	80	30	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ojibway	70	40	30	0.6	0.8	0.5
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovak	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	70	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Iraqi	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South African	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australian	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	35	25	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bulgarian	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,260	5,335	5,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	90	45	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Christian	3,890	1,725	2,165	34.5	32.3	36.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	760	365	395	6.7	6.8	6.7
Anabaptist	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Anglican	600	265	340	5.3	5.0	5.7
Baptist	150	75	75	1.3	1.4	1.3
Catholic	1,300	560	745	11.5	10.5	12.6
Christian Orthodox	120	75	45	1.1	1.4	0.8
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Lutheran	95	25	65	0.8	0.5	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Presbyterian	125	40	85	1.1	0.7	1.4
Reformed	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
United Church	350	140	210	3.1	2.6	3.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	180	75	105	1.6	1.4	1.8
Hindu	185	100	80	1.6	1.9	1.3
Jewish	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Muslim	195	95	95	1.7	1.8	1.6
Sikh	170	75	95	1.5	1.4	1.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	165	65	100	1.5	1.2	1.7
No religion and secular perspectives	6,535	3,200	3,330	58.0	60.0	56.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,165	5,285	5,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,790	4,600	5,185	87.7	87.0	88.2
Movers	1,375	680	700	12.3	12.9	11.9
Non-migrants	865	450	420	7.7	8.5	7.1
Migrants	515	230	280	4.6	4.4	4.8
Internal migrants	430	195	240	3.9	3.7	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	235	105	135	2.1	2.0	2.3
Interprovincial migrants	195	90	100	1.7	1.7	1.7
External migrants	80	35	50	0.7	0.7	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,740	5,095	5,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,000	2,870	3,130	55.9	56.3	55.4
Movers	4,740	2,225	2,520	44.1	43.7	44.6
Non-migrants	625	340	290	5.8	6.7	5.1
Migrants	4,115	1,885	2,230	38.3	37.0	39.5
Internal migrants	3,745	1,755	1,990	34.9	34.4	35.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,885	1,320	1,565	26.9	25.9	27.7
Interprovincial migrants	860	440	425	8.0	8.6	7.5
External migrants	370	125	245	3.4	2.5	4.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,175	655	520	12.2	14.4	10.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,470	3,905	4,565	87.8	85.6	89.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,265	2,935	3,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	485	295	190	7.7	10.1	5.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,780	2,645	3,140	92.3	90.1	94.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,005	530	475	10.4	11.6	9.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,600	1,215	1,375	27.0	26.6	27.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,040	2,810	3,235	62.6	61.6	63.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,105	1,480	1,625	32.2	32.5	32.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	725	585	135	7.5	12.8	2.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255	165	100	2.6	3.6	2.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	465	425	40	4.8	9.3	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,015	735	1,280	20.9	16.1	25.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	155	220	3.8	3.4	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,935	1,330	1,605	30.4	29.2	31.6
Bachelor's degree	1,895	865	1,030	19.6	19.0	20.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	70	130	2.1	1.5	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	670	300	370	6.9	6.6	7.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	65	50	1.2	1.4	1.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,270	2,935	3,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	380	230	155	6.1	7.8	4.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,345	695	645	21.5	23.7	19.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,540	2,010	2,530	72.4	68.5	76.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,190	990	1,200	34.9	33.7	36.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	450	365	80	7.2	12.4	2.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	80	60	2.2	2.7	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	305	285	25	4.9	9.7	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,505	540	965	24.0	18.4	29.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	90	155	3.8	3.1	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,350	1,020	1,335	37.5	34.8	40.1
Bachelor's degree	1,560	700	865	24.9	23.9	26.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	50	95	2.2	1.7	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	545	230	315	8.7	7.8	9.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	35	1.0	1.0	1.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,605	1,755	1,850	37.4	38.5	36.4
Education	385	90	295	4.0	2.0	5.8
13. Education	385	90	295	4.0	2.0	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	85	120	2.2	1.9	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	180	70	115	1.9	1.5	2.3
Humanities	345	150	200	3.6	3.3	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	85	25	55	0.9	0.5	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	45	80	1.3	1.0	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	45	40	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	790	235	555	8.2	5.2	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	140	1.5	0.2	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	95	20	75	1.0	0.4	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	120	20	100	1.2	0.4	2.0
45. Social sciences	315	160	160	3.3	3.5	3.1
Business, management and public administration	1,340	515	825	13.9	11.3	16.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	45	85	1.3	1.0	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,210	470	740	12.5	10.3	14.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	280	135	150	2.9	3.0	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	110	60	50	1.1	1.3	1.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290	195	90	3.0	4.3	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	180	70	2.6	3.9	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,090	980	110	11.3	21.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	35	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
14. Engineering	215	185	30	2.2	4.1	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	215	55	2.7	4.7	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	290	290	0	3.0	6.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	140	10	1.6	3.1	0.2
48. Precision production	135	135	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	65	55	1.3	1.4	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	35	45	0.8	0.8	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	885	165	720	9.2	3.6	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	30	0.7	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	815	130	685	8.4	2.9	13.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	305	190	115	3.2	4.2	2.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	55	85	1.5	1.2	1.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	65	25	1.0	1.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,270	2,940	3,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,725	925	800	27.5	31.5	24.0
Education	215	35	180	3.4	1.2	5.4
13. Education	215	35	180	3.4	1.2	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	70	90	2.6	2.4	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	55	90	2.3	1.9	2.7
Humanities	250	105	150	4.0	3.6	4.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	1.0	0.5	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	25	60	1.4	0.9	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	45	35	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	640	180	460	10.2	6.1	13.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	10	65	1.2	0.3	2.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	110	1.8	0.3	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	85	25	70	1.4	0.9	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
42. Psychology	70	10	55	1.1	0.3	1.7
45. Social sciences	265	120	150	4.2	4.1	4.5
Business, management and public administration	1,060	410	650	16.9	13.9	19.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	30	65	1.5	1.0	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	965	375	590	15.4	12.8	17.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	115	125	3.8	3.9	3.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	45	1.5	1.5	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	50	40	1.5	1.7	1.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	180	80	4.1	6.1	2.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	165	60	3.7	5.6	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	700	615	85	11.2	20.9	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	160	130	25	2.6	4.4	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	110	35	2.3	3.7	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	190	190	0	3.0	6.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	90	10	1.7	3.1	0.3
48. Precision production	85	85	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	40	55	1.5	1.4	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	20	45	1.0	0.7	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Health and related fields	685	125	555	10.9	4.3	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	20	30	0.9	0.7	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	620	95	520	9.9	3.2	15.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	145	95	3.8	4.9	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	40	80	1.9	1.4	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	65	10	1.2	2.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,270	2,940	3,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	925	800	27.5	31.5	24.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,545	2,010	2,530	72.5	68.4	76.0
Location of study inside Canada	3,755	1,640	2,115	59.9	55.8	63.5
Same as province or territory of residence	2,755	1,160	1,590	43.9	39.5	47.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,000	480	525	15.9	16.3	15.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	790	375	420	12.6	12.8	12.6
Americas	190	95	95	3.0	3.2	2.9
United States of America	130	65	70	2.1	2.2	2.1
Mexico	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	235	110	130	3.7	3.7	3.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	40	75	1.8	1.4	2.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.6
Africa	35	25	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Asia	305	130	170	4.9	4.4	5.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Philippines	85	25	60	1.4	0.9	1.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	60	55	1.9	2.0	1.7
Pakistan	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Oceania	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Australia	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,645	4,560	5,085	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,245	3,125	3,120	...	...	...
Employed	5,895	2,935	2,955	...	...	...
Unemployed	350	190	160	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,400	1,435	1,965	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.7	68.5	61.4	64.7	68.5	61.4
Employment rate	61.1	64.4	58.1	61.1	64.4	58.1
Unemployment rate	5.6	6.1	5.1	5.6	6.1	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,645	4,560	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,285	1,405	1,880	34.1	30.8	37.0
Worked	6,355	3,150	3,205	65.9	69.1	63.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,560	1,930	1,630	36.9	42.3	32.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,800	1,220	1,575	29.0	26.8	31.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.7	42.0	42.3	42.7	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,245	3,120	3,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	40	1.4	1.3	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,160	3,085	3,075	98.6	98.9	98.6
Employee	5,315	2,630	2,690	85.1	84.3	86.2
Permanent position	4,680	2,300	2,380	74.9	73.7	76.3
Temporary position	640	330	310	10.2	10.6	9.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	245	140	105	3.9	4.5	3.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	400	195	200	6.4	6.3	6.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	845	455	390	13.5	14.6	12.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,245	3,120	3,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	40	1.4	1.3	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,160	3,085	3,075	98.6	98.9	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	55	25	1.3	1.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,160	375	785	18.6	12.0	25.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	620	470	145	9.9	15.1	4.6
3 Health occupations	580	110	465	9.3	3.5	14.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,025	455	575	16.4	14.6	18.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	85	125	3.4	2.7	4.0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,495	650	840	23.9	20.8	26.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	840	745	90	13.5	23.9	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	80	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	80	65	15	1.3	2.1	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,245	3,120	3,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	40	40	1.4	1.3	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	6,160	3,085	3,075	98.6	98.9	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
23 Construction	435	370	65	7.0	11.9	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	195	150	45	3.1	4.8	1.4
41 Wholesale trade	90	70	15	1.4	2.2	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	750	370	380	12.0	11.9	12.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	180	60	3.8	5.8	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	125	80	45	2.0	2.6	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	250	95	150	4.0	3.0	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	45	50	1.4	1.4	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	495	290	200	7.9	9.3	6.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	235	165	70	3.8	5.3	2.2
61 Educational services	430	140	295	6.9	4.5	9.5
62 Health care and social assistance	955	205	745	15.3	6.6	23.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	75	55	2.0	2.4	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	390	135	255	6.2	4.3	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	230	95	135	3.7	3.0	4.3
91 Public administration	1,065	570	500	17.1	18.3	16.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,815	3,395	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,635	3,305	3,335	97.4	97.3	97.5
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
English and French	80	40	35	1.2	1.2	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,815	3,395	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,795	3,385	3,410	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	6,770	3,370	3,400	99.3	99.3	99.4
English	6,755	3,365	3,395	99.1	99.1	99.3
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official languages	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Chinese languages	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,815	3,395	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,685	3,330	3,355	98.1	98.1	98.1
English	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French	55	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
Non-official language	55	30	30	0.8	0.9	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	30	0.8	0.9	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,895	2,935	2,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,520	705	815	25.8	24.0	27.6
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	745	515	230	12.6	17.5	7.8
Usual place of work	3,610	1,700	1,910	61.2	57.9	64.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,605	1,700	1,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	750	320	430	20.8	18.8	22.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,780	1,325	1,455	77.1	77.9	76.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	50	25	2.2	2.9	1.3
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,355	2,215	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,425	1,735	1,685	78.6	78.3	78.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,165	1,665	1,505	72.7	75.2	70.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	255	70	180	5.9	3.2	8.4
Public transit	355	145	205	8.2	6.5	9.6
Walked	235	120	115	5.4	5.4	5.4
Bicycle	180	120	60	4.1	5.4	2.8
Other method	160	90	70	3.7	4.1	3.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,355	2,215	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,425	650	775	32.7	29.3	36.2
15 to 29 minutes	2,070	1,120	955	47.5	50.6	44.6
30 to 44 minutes	595	315	285	13.7	14.2	13.3
45 to 59 minutes	140	70	75	3.2	3.2	3.5
60 minutes and over	120	70	50	2.8	3.2	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,355	2,215	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	225	145	80	5.2	6.5	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	685	440	245	15.7	19.9	11.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,275	640	630	29.3	28.9	29.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,060	480	585	24.3	21.7	27.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	550	200	345	12.6	9.0	16.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	560	305	255	12.9	13.8	11.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,975	940	1,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	80	80	8.1	8.5	7.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,810	855	950	91.6	91.0	91.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,440	680	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	60	55	8.3	8.8	7.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	45	5.9	5.9	5.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	25	15	2.4	3.7	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,320	615	705	91.7	90.4	92.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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