Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Victoria, County (CT)More information: New Brunswick [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,312	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,617	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.6	...	...	- 1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,054	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,249	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,492.85	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,315	8,925	9,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,590	1,300	1,295	14.1	14.6	13.8
0 to 4 years	705	370	340	3.8	4.1	3.6
5 to 9 years	915	460	460	5.0	5.2	4.9
10 to 14 years	970	475	500	5.3	5.3	5.3
15 to 64 years	10,980	5,415	5,570	60.0	60.7	59.4
15 to 19 years	925	480	445	5.1	5.4	4.7
20 to 24 years	845	440	400	4.6	4.9	4.3
25 to 29 years	790	415	375	4.3	4.6	4.0
30 to 34 years	840	400	445	4.6	4.5	4.7
35 to 39 years	855	410	445	4.7	4.6	4.7
40 to 44 years	985	460	520	5.4	5.2	5.5
45 to 49 years	1,160	575	580	6.3	6.4	6.2
50 to 54 years	1,225	590	635	6.7	6.6	6.8
55 to 59 years	1,565	755	805	8.5	8.5	8.6
60 to 64 years	1,800	880	915	9.8	9.9	9.7
65 years and over	4,735	2,215	2,520	25.9	24.8	26.9
65 to 69 years	1,565	775	785	8.5	8.7	8.4
70 to 74 years	1,320	615	705	7.2	6.9	7.5
75 to 79 years	855	415	435	4.7	4.6	4.6
80 to 84 years	490	210	285	2.7	2.4	3.0
85 years and over	500	195	310	2.7	2.2	3.3
85 to 89 years	325	135	195	1.8	1.5	2.1
90 to 94 years	130	45	85	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	14.6	13.8	14.1	14.6	13.8
15 to 64 years	60.0	60.7	59.4	60.0	60.7	59.4
65 years and over	25.9	24.8	26.9	25.9	24.8	26.9
85 years and over	2.7	2.2	3.3	2.7	2.2	3.3
Average age of the population	46.6	45.8	47.4	46.6	45.8	47.4
Median age of the population	50.8	50.0	51.6	50.8	50.0	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,455	...	...	78.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	225	...	...	2.7	...	...
Row house	335	...	...	4.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	825	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,565	...	...	31.1	...	...
2 persons	3,425	...	...	41.5	...	...
3 persons	1,060	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	795	...	...	9.6	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	4.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,995	8,795	9,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,715	7,625	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,425	4,705	4,720	60.0	61.7	58.3
Married	7,255	3,630	3,625	46.2	47.6	44.8
Living common-law	2,170	1,080	1,095	13.8	14.2	13.5
Living common law - Never married	1,490	750	740	9.5	9.8	9.1
Living common law - Separated	130	65	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	445	220	230	2.8	2.9	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	105	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	6,290	2,920	3,375	40.0	38.3	41.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,550	1,960	1,590	22.6	25.7	19.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	500	225	270	3.2	3.0	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	915	425	490	5.8	5.6	6.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,325	305	1,020	8.4	4.0	12.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,505	...	...	62.9	...	...
3 persons	1,010	...	...	18.1	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	13.1	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	5.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,635	...	...	83.3	...	...
Married couples	3,550	...	...	63.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,215	...	...	21.8	...	...
Without children	2,340	...	...	42.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,085	...	...	19.5	...	...
With children⁶	495	...	...	8.9	...	...
Without children	595	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	935	...	...	16.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	705	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	225	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,995	8,795	9,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,730	7,270	7,455	81.9	82.7	81.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,270	4,625	4,645	51.5	52.6	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	930	230	705	5.2	2.6	7.7
Children⁶	4,525	2,420	2,105	25.1	27.5	22.9
In a two-parent family	3,100	1,650	1,450	17.2	18.8	15.8
In a one-parent family	1,420	770	655	7.9	8.8	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,270	1,520	1,745	18.2	17.3	19.0
Living alone	2,570	1,180	1,390	14.3	13.4	15.1
Living with other relatives⁷	285	125	160	1.6	1.4	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	415	220	200	2.3	2.5	2.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,165	...	...	62.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,395	...	...	53.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,620	...	...	19.6	...	...
Without children	2,770	...	...	33.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	770	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	120	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	210	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	2,570	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,400	7,490	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,935	7,275	7,660	97.0	97.1	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,000	30,000	33,600	38,000	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,945	7,280	7,660	97.0	97.2	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,400	28,000	30,800	34,400	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,200	6,180	6,020	79.2	82.5	76.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	32,000	23,600	27,800	32,000	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,635	5,070	4,570	62.6	67.7	57.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	33,600	26,800	30,200	33,600	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,635	5,880	6,750	82.0	78.5	85.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	13,500	13,000	13,200	13,500	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,045	1,665	1,380	19.8	22.2	17.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	7,100	5,760	6,280	7,100	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,600	1,740	1,855	23.4	23.2	23.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,405	7,500	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,955	7,300	7,655	97.1	97.3	96.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,360	45,520	35,440	40,360	45,520	35,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,960	7,300	7,655	97.1	97.3	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,280	38,920	31,800	35,280	38,920	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,235	6,130	6,110	79.4	81.7	77.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,520	41,400	29,600	35,520	41,400	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,635	5,085	4,550	62.5	67.8	57.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,640	41,320	31,400	36,640	41,320	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,650	5,845	6,805	82.1	77.9	86.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,360	13,420	13,300	13,360	13,420	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,075	1,685	1,390	20.0	22.5	17.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,660	8,310	6,880	7,660	8,310	6,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,410	1,735	1,675	22.1	23.1	21.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,270	8,910	8,580	8,270	8,910
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,405	7,505	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,320	2,350	1,975	28.0	31.3	25.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,600	43,600	50,000	55,600	43,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,400	61,500	50,320	56,400	61,500	50,320
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,970	2,050	1,925	25.8	27.3	24.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	21,600	13,000	16,600	21,600	13,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,500	27,880	18,840	23,500	27,880	18,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.0	76.4	66.6	72.0	76.4	66.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.5	63.2	52.6	58.5	63.2	52.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.0	23.6	33.4	28.0	23.6	33.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.9	4.2	3.5	3.9	4.2	3.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	5.1	7.0	6.0	5.1	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.3	5.5	4.9	4.3	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,405	7,495	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	465	215	245	3.0	2.9	3.1
With total income	14,940	7,275	7,660	97.0	97.1	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,180	470	710	7.9	6.5	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,245	945	1,300	15.0	13.0	17.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,200	1,365	1,830	21.4	18.8	23.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,275	1,050	1,225	15.2	14.4	16.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,040	1,000	1,035	13.7	13.7	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,390	810	575	9.3	11.1	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	860	545	315	5.8	7.5	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	525	335	190	3.5	4.6	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	400	220	185	2.7	3.0	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	280	160	120	1.9	2.2	1.6
$100,000 and over	545	370	170	3.6	5.1	2.2
$100,000 to $149,999	415	275	135	2.8	3.8	1.8
$150,000 and over	130	95	35	0.9	1.3	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,405	7,495	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	460	210	245	3.0	2.8	3.1
With after-tax income	14,940	7,280	7,665	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,225	485	740	8.2	6.7	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,340	970	1,370	15.7	13.3	17.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,650	1,590	2,055	24.4	21.8	26.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,765	1,345	1,415	18.5	18.5	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,160	1,195	970	14.5	16.4	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,160	715	445	7.8	9.8	5.8
$60,000 to $69,999	675	380	295	4.5	5.2	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	405	220	190	2.7	3.0	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	210	130	75	1.4	1.8	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	115	75	35	0.8	1.0	0.5
$100,000 and over	235	165	75	1.6	2.3	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	145	95	55	1.0	1.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	95	70	20	0.6	1.0	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,405	7,495	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,765	2,425	3,340	37.4	32.4	42.2
With employment income	9,640	5,065	4,570	62.6	67.6	57.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,285	620	670	13.3	12.2	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	875	395	485	9.1	7.8	10.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,400	680	720	14.5	13.4	15.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,235	610	625	12.8	12.0	13.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,275	590	685	13.2	11.6	15.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,055	560	490	10.9	11.1	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	735	485	250	7.6	9.6	5.5
$60,000 to $69,999	530	360	165	5.5	7.1	3.6
$70,000 to $79,999	365	225	140	3.8	4.4	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	300	145	155	3.1	2.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	200	115	90	2.1	2.3	2.0
$100,000 and over	385	285	100	4.0	5.6	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	235	170	65	2.4	3.4	1.4
$125,000 and over	155	115	35	1.6	2.3	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,400	7,490	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,715	7,180	7,535	95.6	95.9	95.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	36,800	26,600	31,000	36,800	26,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,720	7,180	7,540	95.6	95.9	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	33,200	25,200	28,800	33,200	25,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,150	6,140	6,010	78.9	82.0	76.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	33,200	23,800	28,000	33,200	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,700	5,100	4,605	63.0	68.1	58.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,800	26,600	30,000	34,800	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,655	5,330	6,325	75.7	71.2	80.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	10,500	9,900	10,100	10,500	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,965	1,660	1,305	19.3	22.2	16.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,360	7,650	5,440	6,360	7,650	5,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,405	7,500	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,725	7,230	7,495	95.6	96.4	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,880	43,480	32,520	37,880	43,480	32,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,730	7,230	7,500	95.6	96.4	94.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,040	37,080	29,120	33,040	37,080	29,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,185	6,125	6,055	79.1	81.7	76.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,240	41,400	29,040	35,240	41,400	29,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,720	5,175	4,540	63.1	69.0	57.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,560	41,000	31,480	36,560	41,000	31,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,670	5,270	6,400	75.8	70.3	81.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	11,480	10,610	11,000	11,480	10,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,045	1,680	1,360	19.8	22.4	17.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,860	8,920	6,550	7,860	8,920	6,550
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,405	7,505	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,300	2,350	1,950	27.9	31.3	24.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	53,200	40,800	47,200	53,200	40,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,900	58,050	46,720	52,900	58,050	46,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,780	1,980	1,800	24.5	26.4	22.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	24,600	18,000	20,800	24,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,160	31,440	22,460	27,160	31,440	22,460
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.0	80.8	72.2	77.0	80.8	72.2
Employment income (%)	63.7	67.6	58.7	63.7	67.6	58.7
Government transfers (%)	23.0	19.3	27.9	23.0	19.3	27.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.3	4.8	3.7	4.3	4.8	3.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,570	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...	28,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,480	...	...	36,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,600	...	...	32,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	89,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,100	...	...	78,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	685	...	...	8.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	410	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	435	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	515	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	730	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	665	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	610	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	510	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	460	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,860	...	...	22.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	790	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	415	...	...	5.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	210	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	8.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	480	...	...	5.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	580	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	515	...	...	6.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	440	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	840	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	770	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	685	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	525	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	425	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,260	...	...	15.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	630	...	...	7.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	3.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	315	...	...	3.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,785	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,985	1,395	1,590	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,400	31,800	26,800	28,400	31,800	26,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,200	29,400	26,200	27,200	29,400	26,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	89,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,300	...	...	78,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,200	...	...	119,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...	102,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,900	...	...	62,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,800	...	...	57,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,965	1,345	1,625	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,880	38,720	33,520	35,880	38,720	33,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	33,360	30,880	32,000	33,360	30,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,000	8,790	9,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,155	1,595	1,565	17.5	18.1	17.0
0 to 5 years	850	445	405	4.7	5.1	4.4
18 to 64 years	10,350	5,070	5,280	57.5	57.7	57.4
65 years and over	4,485	2,130	2,365	24.9	24.2	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,450	1,570	1,885	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	650	335	315	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	210	120	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,475	685	785	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,325	545	780	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.2	17.8	20.4	19.2	17.8	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.6	21.1	20.0	20.6	21.1	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	24.6	26.8	22.4	24.6	26.8	22.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	13.6	15.0	14.3	13.6	15.0
65 years and over (%)	29.5	25.6	33.0	29.5	25.6	33.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	16,920	8,285	8,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,830	1,430	1,395	16.7	17.3	16.2
0 to 5 years	765	405	365	4.5	4.9	4.2
18 to 64 years	9,720	4,775	4,945	57.4	57.6	57.3
65 years and over	4,365	2,075	2,295	25.8	25.0	26.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	570	295	280	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	45	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	445	230	210	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	2.9	2.6	2.8	2.9	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.5	2.8	3.6	4.5	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.8	4.3	4.6	4.8	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,995	8,790	9,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,330	5,905	6,420	68.5	67.2	69.7
In bottom decile	2,730	1,245	1,485	15.2	14.2	16.1
In second decile	2,990	1,375	1,615	16.6	15.6	17.5
In third decile	2,550	1,250	1,295	14.2	14.2	14.1
In fourth decile	2,210	1,095	1,120	12.3	12.5	12.2
In fifth decile	1,845	935	905	10.3	10.6	9.8
In top half of the distribution	5,670	2,890	2,785	31.5	32.9	30.3
In sixth decile	1,720	865	850	9.6	9.8	9.2
In seventh decile	1,430	720	715	7.9	8.2	7.8
In eighth decile	1,185	610	575	6.6	6.9	6.2
In ninth decile	835	435	400	4.6	4.9	4.3
In top decile	495	255	245	2.8	2.9	2.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,995	...	...	17,995	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.476	...	...	0.476	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,085	8,835	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,160	4,560	4,600	50.6	51.6	49.7
French only	1,000	465	540	5.5	5.3	5.8
English and French	7,895	3,790	4,105	43.7	42.9	44.4
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,085	8,835	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,535	5,220	5,315	58.3	59.1	57.5
French	7,405	3,530	3,870	40.9	40.0	41.8
English and French	115	65	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,085	8,835	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,495	8,540	8,955	96.7	96.7	96.8
Official languages	17,155	8,385	8,770	94.9	94.9	94.8
English	9,880	4,905	4,970	54.6	55.5	53.7
French	7,280	3,475	3,800	40.3	39.3	41.1
Non-official languages	335	155	185	1.9	1.8	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	105	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages	100	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	100	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	95	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	100	130	1.3	1.1	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	195	90	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	60	60	0.7	0.7	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
German	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	590	295	295	3.3	3.3	3.2
English and French	415	220	195	2.3	2.5	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	155	70	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,085	8,835	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,275	5,080	5,195	56.8	57.5	56.2
French	5,875	2,855	3,020	32.5	32.3	32.6
Non-official language	115	60	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	1,435	675	755	7.9	7.6	8.2
English and non-official language(s)	330	135	195	1.8	1.5	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,085	8,835	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,570	8,590	8,975	97.2	97.2	97.0
Official languages	17,395	8,505	8,890	96.2	96.3	96.1
English	10,825	5,340	5,485	59.9	60.4	59.3
French	6,570	3,165	3,405	36.3	35.8	36.8
Non-official languages	175	85	85	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	75	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	70	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	520	240	275	2.9	2.7	3.0
English and French	350	170	185	1.9	1.9	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	155	75	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,085	8,830	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,780	8,230	8,545	92.8	93.2	92.4
English	710	315	390	3.9	3.6	4.2
French	410	200	205	2.3	2.3	2.2
Non-official language	150	65	90	0.8	0.7	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-Indigenous	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,995	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,970	8,745	9,220	99.9	99.8	99.8
English	16,985	8,365	8,620	94.4	95.5	93.3
French	8,790	4,200	4,590	48.8	47.9	49.7
Non-official languages	790	345	445	4.4	3.9	4.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	355	160	195	2.0	1.8	2.1
Algonquian languages	350	160	190	1.9	1.8	2.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	345	155	185	1.9	1.8	2.0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	340	155	185	1.9	1.8	2.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	190	250	2.5	2.2	2.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	350	155	195	1.9	1.8	2.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	175	75	105	1.0	0.9	1.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
German	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Pennsylvania German	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	40	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	45	75	0.7	0.5	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,000	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,690	800	895	9.4	9.1	9.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,660	780	880	9.2	8.9	9.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,340	650	690	7.4	7.4	7.5
Métis	310	125	185	1.7	1.4	2.0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	16,300	7,955	8,345	90.6	90.8	90.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,000	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,205	585	625	6.7	6.7	6.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,785	8,175	8,610	93.3	93.3	93.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,125	...	...	74.3	...	...
Renter	1,850	...	...	22.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	275	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	250	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not condominium	8,000	...	...	97.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	740	...	...	9.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,455	...	...	29.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,170	...	...	38.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,870	...	...	22.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,770	...	...	21.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,500	...	...	18.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,470	...	...	17.8	...	...
7 rooms	1,220	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,290	...	...	27.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,215	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,100	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,995	...	...	24.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,545	...	...	30.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,415	...	...	17.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,130	...	...	13.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	440	...	...	5.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	315	...	...	3.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...	2.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,395	...	...	89.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	855	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,780	...	...	58.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,330	...	...	40.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	135	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	255	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	765	...	...	9.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...	11.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,335	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,855	...	...	22.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,810	...	...	22.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	940	...	...	11.4	...	...
85 years and over	335	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,980	...	...	89.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	790	...	...	10.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	745	...	...	9.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,655	...	...	20.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	695	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not suitable only	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	715	...	...	8.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,595	...	...	80.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	540	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not in core need	7,190	...	...	93.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,975	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	42.0	...	...	42.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	544	...	...	544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	733	...	...	733	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	172,400	...	...	172,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,825	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.3	...	...	25.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	660	...	...	660	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	678	...	...	678	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	36	...	...	36	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,995	8,760	9,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,290	615	680	7.2	7.0	7.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,290	615	680	7.2	7.0	7.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,190	570	615	6.6	6.5	6.7
Métis single ancestry	90	40	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	680	360	320	3.8	4.1	3.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	660	350	310	3.7	4.0	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	510	260	250	2.8	3.0	2.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	16,030	7,790	8,235	89.1	88.9	89.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,995	8,755	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,720	8,655	9,070	98.5	98.9	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,195	1,585	1,605	17.8	18.1	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,530	7,065	7,460	80.7	80.7	80.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	275	105	170	1.5	1.2	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,995	8,755	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,250	8,430	8,825	95.9	96.3	95.5
Immigrants⁸¹	680	300	385	3.8	3.4	4.2
Before 1980	300	140	160	1.7	1.6	1.7
1980 to 1990	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
1991 to 2000	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.5
2001 to 2010	110	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
2011 to 2015	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	75	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	685	300	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	170	100	75	24.8	33.3	19.5
5 to 14 years	120	40	80	17.5	13.3	20.8
15 to 24 years	100	30	70	14.6	10.0	18.2
25 to 44 years	240	95	145	35.0	31.7	37.7
45 years and over	55	40	15	8.0	13.3	3.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	685	300	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	410	175	235	59.9	58.3	61.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.6
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	1.5	3.3	0.0
United States of America	355	150	205	51.8	50.0	53.2
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	1.5	3.3	2.6
Europe	135	55	80	19.7	18.3	20.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	20	15	0	2.9	5.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	25	35	8.8	8.3	9.1
Other places of birth in Europe	30	0	20	4.4	0.0	5.2
Africa	55	30	25	8.0	10.0	6.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	25	25	7.3	8.3	6.5
Asia	40	15	20	5.8	5.0	5.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	2.9	0.0	3.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	1.5	3.3	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	15	20	5.1	5.0	5.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	30	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	26.7	33.3	22.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	13.3	33.3	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	13.3	33.3	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	15	26.7	0.0	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	20.0	0.0	22.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,995	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,010	460	555	5.6	5.3	6.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,270	620	655	7.1	7.1	7.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,710	7,685	8,030	87.3	87.7	86.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	385	160	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	80	60	35.1	50.0	27.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	45	15	15.6	28.1	6.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	70	35	45	18.2	21.9	20.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	70	165	61.0	43.8	75.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	2.6	6.3	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	385	160	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	25	15	10.4	15.6	6.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	15	2.6	0.0	6.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	50	10	40	13.0	6.3	18.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	275	120	155	71.4	75.0	70.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,000	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	285	115	170	1.6	1.3	1.8
South Asian	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	110	35	75	0.6	0.4	0.8
Filipino	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,715	8,645	9,070	98.4	98.7	98.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,995	8,755	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,065	2,490	2,575	28.1	28.4	27.9
English	2,800	1,370	1,435	15.6	15.6	15.5
Irish	2,400	1,095	1,315	13.3	12.5	14.2
Scottish	2,120	980	1,145	11.8	11.2	12.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,130	1,475	1,650	17.4	16.8	17.9
German	555	270	290	3.1	3.1	3.1
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	220	130	90	1.2	1.5	1.0
Indian (India)	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Ukrainian	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Dutch	215	110	105	1.2	1.3	1.1
Polish	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Québécois	115	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	215	125	90	1.2	1.4	1.0
Filipino	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	1,060	510	555	5.9	5.8	6.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,260	660	595	7.0	7.5	6.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	820	375	440	4.6	4.3	4.8
Métis	255	120	130	1.4	1.4	1.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	420	205	220	2.3	2.3	2.4
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Welsh	145	95	50	0.8	1.1	0.5
Portuguese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American	230	90	140	1.3	1.0	1.5
Spanish	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Swedish	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,025	490	530	5.7	5.6	5.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jamaican	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	85	30	50	0.5	0.3	0.5
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	50	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Danish	565	330	235	3.1	3.8	2.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	355	200	155	2.0	2.3	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	65	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	115	40	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	45	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Brunswicker	695	345	345	3.9	3.9	3.7
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	385	200	185	2.1	2.3	2.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,000	8,760	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Christian	13,230	6,185	7,045	73.5	70.6	76.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	770	390	385	4.3	4.5	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	695	335	360	3.9	3.8	3.9
Baptist	975	485	490	5.4	5.5	5.3
Catholic	8,755	4,070	4,695	48.6	46.5	50.8
Christian Orthodox	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	115	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	105	45	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	875	420	460	4.9	4.8	5.0
Presbyterian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	460	185	280	2.6	2.1	3.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	325	140	185	1.8	1.6	2.0
Hindu	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,475	2,435	2,035	24.9	27.8	22.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,865	8,720	9,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,190	7,925	8,265	90.6	90.9	90.3
Movers	1,675	790	890	9.4	9.1	9.7
Non-migrants	705	330	370	3.9	3.8	4.0
Migrants	980	460	515	5.5	5.3	5.6
Internal migrants	945	450	495	5.3	5.2	5.4
Intraprovincial migrants	435	185	250	2.4	2.1	2.7
Interprovincial migrants	505	265	240	2.8	3.0	2.6
External migrants	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,265	8,430	8,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,115	6,000	6,115	70.2	71.2	69.2
Movers	5,155	2,435	2,720	29.9	28.9	30.8
Non-migrants	1,500	725	775	8.7	8.6	8.8
Migrants	3,655	1,705	1,945	21.2	20.2	22.0
Internal migrants	3,510	1,645	1,870	20.3	19.5	21.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,360	1,060	1,305	13.7	12.6	14.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,150	585	565	6.7	6.9	6.4
External migrants	140	60	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,405	7,505	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,080	2,335	1,745	26.5	31.1	22.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,325	5,165	6,155	73.5	68.8	77.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,140	4,470	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,505	975	530	16.5	21.8	11.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,635	3,500	4,135	83.5	78.3	88.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,400	7,500	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,725	2,080	1,635	24.2	27.7	20.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,325	2,460	2,865	34.6	32.8	36.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,355	2,960	3,395	41.3	39.5	43.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,670	2,320	2,340	30.3	30.9	29.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,305	910	395	8.5	12.1	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	680	400	280	4.4	5.3	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625	510	115	4.1	6.8	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,950	1,280	1,675	19.2	17.1	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	405	125	280	2.6	1.7	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,690	635	1,050	11.0	8.5	13.3
Bachelor's degree	1,205	430	770	7.8	5.7	9.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	55	100	1.0	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Master's degree	240	90	150	1.6	1.2	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,140	4,475	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,330	855	480	14.6	19.1	10.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,425	1,680	1,745	37.5	37.5	37.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,385	1,940	2,450	48.0	43.4	52.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,160	1,540	1,620	34.6	34.4	34.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	795	545	250	8.7	12.2	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	430	245	185	4.7	5.5	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365	300	65	4.0	6.7	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,105	905	1,195	23.0	20.2	25.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	260	90	170	2.8	2.0	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,230	395	835	13.5	8.8	17.9
Bachelor's degree	890	290	600	9.7	6.5	12.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	30	85	1.2	0.7	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	170	45	125	1.9	1.0	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,400	7,500	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,050	4,545	4,505	58.8	60.6	57.0
Education	535	130	405	3.5	1.7	5.1
13. Education	535	130	405	3.5	1.7	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	35	70	0.7	0.5	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	70	0.6	0.3	0.9
Humanities	165	70	100	1.1	0.9	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	325	75	255	2.1	1.0	3.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95	0.6	0.0	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	0	70	0.5	0.0	0.9
45. Social sciences	85	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Business, management and public administration	1,265	360	905	8.2	4.8	11.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	30	95	0.8	0.4	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,135	330	800	7.4	4.4	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	60	70	0.8	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	40	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,480	1,430	50	9.6	19.1	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	125	100	20	0.8	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	245	20	1.7	3.3	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	420	420	0	2.7	5.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	470	465	0	3.1	6.2	0.0
48. Precision production	195	195	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	375	270	105	2.4	3.6	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	210	125	85	1.4	1.7	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	145	20	1.0	1.9	0.3
Health and related fields	1,295	170	1,120	8.4	2.3	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,220	130	1,085	7.9	1.7	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	605	315	290	3.9	4.2	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	55	245	1.9	0.7	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	120	90	30	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	160	15	1.1	2.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,145	4,475	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,755	2,530	2,215	52.0	56.5	47.4
Education	320	65	250	3.5	1.5	5.4
13. Education	320	65	250	3.5	1.5	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	15	65	0.9	0.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	10	65	0.8	0.2	1.4
Humanities	100	35	75	1.1	0.8	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	55	185	2.6	1.2	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	65	0.8	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	0	50	0.6	0.0	1.1
45. Social sciences	60	20	35	0.7	0.4	0.7
Business, management and public administration	930	250	680	10.2	5.6	14.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	25	75	1.1	0.6	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	825	225	595	9.0	5.0	12.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	25	45	0.8	0.6	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	25	0.7	0.9	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	40	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	955	925	35	10.4	20.7	0.7
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	75	70	10	0.8	1.6	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	180	20	2.2	4.0	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	265	265	0	2.9	5.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	285	285	0	3.1	6.4	0.0
48. Precision production	125	125	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	170	80	2.7	3.8	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	85	60	1.6	1.9	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	85	20	1.1	1.9	0.4
Health and related fields	940	125	815	10.3	2.8	17.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	875	90	780	9.6	2.0	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	435	235	195	4.8	5.3	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	25	165	2.1	0.6	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	80	15	1.0	1.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	130	15	1.6	2.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,145	4,475	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,755	2,530	2,215	52.0	56.5	47.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,385	1,935	2,450	47.9	43.2	52.5
Location of study inside Canada	4,000	1,815	2,180	43.7	40.6	46.7
Same as province or territory of residence	3,195	1,460	1,740	34.9	32.6	37.3
Different than province or territory of residence	800	360	445	8.7	8.0	9.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	390	120	270	4.3	2.7	5.8
Americas	310	90	225	3.4	2.0	4.8
United States of America	305	90	210	3.3	2.0	4.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Asia	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,400	7,500	7,900	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,345	4,445	3,905	...	...	...
Employed	7,395	3,880	3,515	...	...	...
Unemployed	950	565	385	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,055	3,060	3,995	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.2	59.3	49.4	54.2	59.3	49.4
Employment rate	48.0	51.7	44.5	48.0	51.7	44.5
Unemployment rate	11.4	12.7	9.9	11.4	12.7	9.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,400	7,500	7,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,710	2,875	3,840	43.6	38.3	48.6
Worked	8,690	4,630	4,065	56.4	61.7	51.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,440	2,440	2,000	28.8	32.5	25.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,250	2,190	2,065	27.6	29.2	26.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.5	40.3	40.4	40.5	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,350	4,445	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	70	105	2.2	1.6	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,170	4,370	3,795	97.8	98.3	97.3
Employee	7,195	3,735	3,460	86.2	84.0	88.7
Permanent position	5,245	2,695	2,550	62.8	60.6	65.4
Temporary position	1,950	1,040	910	23.4	23.4	23.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	380	155	230	4.6	3.5	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,570	890	685	18.8	20.0	17.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	970	635	340	11.6	14.3	8.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,350	4,445	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	70	105	2.2	1.6	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,170	4,370	3,795	97.8	98.3	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	20	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	985	220	770	11.8	4.9	19.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	300	230	70	3.6	5.2	1.8
3 Health occupations	645	115	530	7.7	2.6	13.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	980	290	685	11.7	6.5	17.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115	70	50	1.4	1.6	1.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,110	810	1,295	25.3	18.2	33.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,915	1,770	145	22.9	39.8	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	475	370	105	5.7	8.3	2.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	605	480	125	7.2	10.8	3.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,350	4,445	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	70	105	2.2	1.6	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	8,170	4,370	3,795	97.8	98.3	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	575	420	155	6.9	9.4	4.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	75	55	20	0.9	1.2	0.5
23 Construction	775	680	95	9.3	15.3	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	815	665	150	9.8	15.0	3.8
41 Wholesale trade	250	170	75	3.0	3.8	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,010	470	540	12.1	10.6	13.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	535	385	145	6.4	8.7	3.7
51 Information and cultural industries	60	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	210	55	155	2.5	1.2	4.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	30	40	0.8	0.7	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	205	105	105	2.5	2.4	2.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	310	185	130	3.7	4.2	3.3
61 Educational services	555	135	415	6.6	3.0	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	1,150	175	975	13.8	3.9	25.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	60	55	1.3	1.3	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	435	135	305	5.2	3.0	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	360	220	140	4.3	4.9	3.6
91 Public administration	635	360	275	7.6	8.1	7.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,265	4,935	4,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,105	2,780	2,320	55.1	56.3	53.6
French	1,660	870	795	17.9	17.6	18.4
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,390	1,235	1,155	25.8	25.0	26.7
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	50	1.1	0.9	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,265	4,935	4,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,640	4,630	4,010	93.3	93.8	92.6
Official languages	8,630	4,625	4,010	93.1	93.7	92.6
English	5,770	3,120	2,655	62.3	63.2	61.3
French	2,860	1,505	1,355	30.9	30.5	31.3
Non-official languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	625	310	320	6.7	6.3	7.4
English and French	580	295	285	6.3	6.0	6.6
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,265	4,935	4,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,395	3,960	3,430	79.8	80.2	79.2
English	1,200	635	560	13.0	12.9	12.9
French	615	310	310	6.6	6.3	7.2
Non-official language	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,395	3,885	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	730	315	415	9.9	8.1	11.8
Worked outside Canada	45	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
No fixed workplace address	1,410	1,070	340	19.1	27.5	9.7
Usual place of work	5,215	2,475	2,740	70.5	63.7	78.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,215	2,475	2,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,015	935	1,080	38.6	37.8	39.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,130	870	1,255	40.8	35.2	45.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,000	615	385	19.2	24.8	14.1
Commute to a different province or territory	70	50	20	1.3	2.0	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,620	3,545	3,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,220	3,295	2,920	94.0	92.9	95.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,830	3,095	2,730	88.1	87.3	88.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	390	200	190	5.9	5.6	6.2
Public transit	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Walked	220	120	95	3.3	3.4	3.1
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other method	150	100	55	2.3	2.8	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,620	3,545	3,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,700	1,910	1,795	55.9	53.9	58.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,630	880	750	24.6	24.8	24.4
30 to 44 minutes	775	420	350	11.7	11.8	11.4
45 to 59 minutes	275	160	115	4.2	4.5	3.7
60 minutes and over	245	175	70	3.7	4.9	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,620	3,545	3,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	535	425	115	8.1	12.0	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,190	835	355	18.0	23.6	11.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,090	1,070	1,015	31.6	30.2	33.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,300	465	835	19.6	13.1	27.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	575	190	390	8.7	5.4	12.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	930	555	375	14.0	15.7	12.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,235	1,630	1,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,500	755	745	46.4	46.3	46.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,735	875	860	53.6	53.7	53.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,480	1,240	1,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,165	585	580	47.0	47.2	46.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	915	450	465	36.9	36.3	37.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	135	115	10.1	10.9	9.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,315	660	660	53.0	53.2	53.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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