Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	VernonMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	51,896	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	48,425^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	23,605	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	22,314	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,014.3	...	...	1,014.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	51.16	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	51,900	24,830	27,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,465	3,815	3,655	14.4	15.4	13.5
0 to 4 years	2,085	1,065	1,020	4.0	4.3	3.8
5 to 9 years	2,610	1,345	1,265	5.0	5.4	4.7
10 to 14 years	2,770	1,405	1,370	5.3	5.7	5.1
15 to 64 years	30,440	14,875	15,560	58.7	59.9	57.5
15 to 19 years	2,605	1,310	1,295	5.0	5.3	4.8
20 to 24 years	2,355	1,240	1,120	4.5	5.0	4.1
25 to 29 years	2,595	1,315	1,285	5.0	5.3	4.7
30 to 34 years	2,895	1,480	1,415	5.6	6.0	5.2
35 to 39 years	3,120	1,525	1,595	6.0	6.1	5.9
40 to 44 years	2,995	1,430	1,570	5.8	5.8	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,995	1,445	1,545	5.8	5.8	5.7
50 to 54 years	3,070	1,495	1,580	5.9	6.0	5.8
55 to 59 years	3,810	1,780	2,035	7.3	7.2	7.5
60 to 64 years	3,990	1,860	2,135	7.7	7.5	7.9
65 years and over	13,995	6,140	7,860	27.0	24.7	29.0
65 to 69 years	3,705	1,640	2,065	7.1	6.6	7.6
70 to 74 years	3,405	1,560	1,845	6.6	6.3	6.8
75 to 79 years	2,510	1,145	1,365	4.8	4.6	5.0
80 to 84 years	1,990	865	1,120	3.8	3.5	4.1
85 years and over	2,395	930	1,470	4.6	3.7	5.4
85 to 89 years	1,295	565	735	2.5	2.3	2.7
90 to 94 years	885	285	595	1.7	1.1	2.2
95 to 99 years	190	75	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
100 years and over	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.4	13.5	14.4	15.4	13.5
15 to 64 years	58.7	59.9	57.5	58.7	59.9	57.5
65 years and over	27.0	24.7	29.0	27.0	24.7	29.0
85 years and over	4.6	3.7	5.4	4.6	3.7	5.4
Average age of the population	46.4	44.9	47.8	46.4	44.9	47.8
Median age of the population	48.4	46.0	50.0	48.4	46.0	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	22,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,580	...	...	51.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,485	...	...	6.7	...	...
Row house	2,135	...	...	9.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,780	...	...	8.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,615	...	...	20.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	350	...	...	1.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	290	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	22,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	7,165	...	...	32.1	...	...
2 persons	8,380	...	...	37.6	...	...
3 persons	2,890	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	2,455	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,430	...	...	6.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	50,305	24,145	26,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	44,435	21,015	23,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	24,840	12,405	12,435	55.9	59.0	53.1
Married	20,125	10,050	10,080	45.3	47.8	43.0
Living common-law	4,710	2,355	2,355	10.6	11.2	10.1
Living common law - Never married	3,080	1,555	1,525	6.9	7.4	6.5
Living common law - Separated	225	105	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	1,245	635	615	2.8	3.0	2.6
Living common law - Widowed	160	70	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	19,595	8,615	10,985	44.1	41.0	46.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	10,650	5,805	4,850	24.0	27.6	20.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,445	605	840	3.3	2.9	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,860	1,435	2,425	8.7	6.8	10.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,640	770	2,870	8.2	3.7	12.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,715	...	...	60.1	...	...
3 persons	2,580	...	...	17.8	...	...
4 persons	2,255	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 or more persons	945	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,115	...	...	83.6	...	...
Married couples	9,760	...	...	67.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,120	...	...	28.4	...	...
Without children	5,640	...	...	38.9	...	...
Common-law couples	2,355	...	...	16.2	...	...
With children⁶	795	...	...	5.5	...	...
Without children	1,560	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,380	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,840	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	540	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	50,305	24,145	26,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	39,295	19,370	19,930	78.1	80.2	76.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	24,230	12,110	12,120	48.2	50.2	46.3
Parents in one-parent families	2,380	540	1,840	4.7	2.2	7.0
Children⁶	12,690	6,725	5,965	25.2	27.9	22.8
In a two-parent family	9,140	4,835	4,310	18.2	20.0	16.5
In a one-parent family	3,545	1,895	1,655	7.0	7.8	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,010	4,770	6,240	21.9	19.8	23.8
Living alone	7,160	2,815	4,345	14.2	11.7	16.6
Living with other relatives⁷	1,100	475	620	2.2	2.0	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	2,745	1,485	1,265	5.5	6.2	4.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	22,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,570	...	...	56.3	...	...
Couple-family households	10,770	...	...	48.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,360	...	...	19.5	...	...
Without children	6,415	...	...	28.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,805	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	495	...	...	2.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	180	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	850	...	...	3.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,060	...	...	4.8	...	...
One-person households	7,165	...	...	32.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	42,845	20,335	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,830	19,825	22,010	97.6	97.5	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,000	35,200	39,600	46,000	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,855	19,835	22,020	97.7	97.5	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,600	32,800	36,400	41,600	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,460	18,040	19,425	87.4	88.7	86.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,400	25,200	31,800	40,400	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,425	13,745	13,680	64.0	67.6	60.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	42,800	28,000	34,400	42,800	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,715	16,025	19,685	83.4	78.8	87.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	12,200	13,200	12,900	12,200	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,405	2,235	2,170	10.3	11.0	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,320	5,480	5,480	5,320	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,065	4,645	5,410	23.5	22.8	24.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	42,875	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,950	20,035	21,920	97.8	98.0	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,920	58,500	42,120	49,920	58,500	42,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,985	20,055	21,930	97.9	98.1	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,080	49,480	37,280	43,080	49,480	37,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,565	18,330	19,235	87.6	89.6	85.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,880	53,450	34,720	43,880	53,450	34,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,385	13,885	13,505	63.9	67.9	60.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,600	53,250	35,680	44,600	53,250	35,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,765	16,175	19,590	83.4	79.1	87.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,490	11,860	13,000	12,490	11,860	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,485	2,280	2,205	10.5	11.1	9.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,385	5,960	6,830	6,385	5,960	6,830
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,940	4,685	5,255	23.2	22.9	23.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,740	8,560	8,900	8,740	8,560	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	42,880	20,445	22,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,760	6,830	4,925	27.4	33.4	22.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	67,000	52,400	60,800	67,000	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,400	75,300	58,750	68,400	75,300	58,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,095	5,490	6,610	28.2	26.9	29.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	23,600	17,000	19,600	23,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,440	35,480	24,440	29,440	35,480	24,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.6	83.6	72.4	78.6	83.6	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.3	63.1	52.2	58.3	63.1	52.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.3	16.4	27.6	21.3	16.4	27.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.3	6.7	5.4	4.3	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.4	5.1	4.2	3.4	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	42,850	20,330	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,010	510	500	2.4	2.5	2.2
With total income	41,835	19,820	22,010	97.6	97.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,990	1,255	1,735	7.1	6.3	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	5,100	1,945	3,160	12.2	9.8	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	7,015	2,745	4,265	16.8	13.8	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	6,015	2,525	3,490	14.4	12.7	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	5,115	2,240	2,875	12.2	11.3	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,000	1,965	2,035	9.6	9.9	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,995	1,590	1,405	7.2	8.0	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,190	1,280	905	5.2	6.5	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,610	995	615	3.8	5.0	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,265	795	470	3.0	4.0	2.1
$100,000 and over	3,535	2,475	1,055	8.4	12.5	4.8
$100,000 to $149,999	2,385	1,595	790	5.7	8.0	3.6
$150,000 and over	1,150	885	270	2.7	4.5	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	42,850	20,330	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	990	500	495	2.3	2.5	2.2
With after-tax income	41,855	19,830	22,020	97.7	97.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,145	1,300	1,845	7.5	6.6	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	5,310	2,025	3,290	12.7	10.2	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	7,780	3,100	4,680	18.6	15.6	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	7,065	3,030	4,030	16.9	15.3	18.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,695	2,615	3,075	13.6	13.2	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,045	2,125	1,920	9.7	10.7	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,845	1,650	1,195	6.8	8.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,915	1,185	730	4.6	6.0	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,330	860	470	3.2	4.3	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	775	515	255	1.9	2.6	1.2
$100,000 and over	1,950	1,430	525	4.7	7.2	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,005	710	295	2.4	3.6	1.3
$125,000 and over	950	720	235	2.3	3.6	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	42,850	20,330	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	15,420	6,585	8,835	36.0	32.4	39.2
With employment income	27,425	13,750	13,675	64.0	67.6	60.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,970	1,780	2,190	14.5	12.9	16.0
$5,000 to $9,999	2,280	940	1,335	8.3	6.8	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	3,455	1,395	2,055	12.6	10.1	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,750	1,185	1,565	10.0	8.6	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,780	1,220	1,560	10.1	8.9	11.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,525	1,205	1,320	9.2	8.8	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,125	1,070	8.0	8.2	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,645	940	705	6.0	6.8	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,410	860	545	5.1	6.3	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,120	715	405	4.1	5.2	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	885	570	315	3.2	4.1	2.3
$100,000 and over	2,410	1,810	600	8.8	13.2	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,195	840	360	4.4	6.1	2.6
$125,000 and over	1,210	970	240	4.4	7.1	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	42,845	20,335	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,005	19,370	21,635	95.7	95.3	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	32,000	37,600	45,200	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,075	19,385	21,690	95.9	95.3	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	29,600	34,000	40,400	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,270	17,875	19,390	87.0	87.9	86.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,600	26,800	33,200	41,600	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,045	14,430	14,615	67.8	71.0	64.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,200	27,400	33,200	41,200	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,890	12,660	17,230	69.8	62.3	76.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	11,000	10,200	10,400	11,000	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,460	1,770	1,690	8.1	8.7	7.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,440	5,160	5,320	5,440	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	42,875	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,085	19,590	21,500	95.8	95.8	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,240	57,500	39,800	48,240	57,500	39,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,200	19,600	21,600	96.1	95.8	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,920	47,920	34,600	40,920	47,920	34,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,335	18,160	19,175	87.1	88.8	85.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,760	54,800	35,280	44,760	54,800	35,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,155	14,710	14,440	68.0	71.9	64.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,160	52,050	34,120	43,160	52,050	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,005	12,825	17,175	70.0	62.7	76.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,360	10,240	10,450	10,360	10,240	10,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,510	1,825	1,685	8.2	8.9	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,840	6,300	7,420	6,840	6,300	7,420
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	42,880	20,445	22,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,710	6,830	4,880	27.3	33.4	21.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	64,500	47,600	56,800	64,500	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,600	72,000	54,400	64,600	72,000	54,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,490	5,230	6,265	26.8	25.6	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	29,400	21,400	24,600	29,400	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,760	42,600	28,240	34,760	42,600	28,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	88.4	79.0	84.4	88.4	79.0
Employment income (%)	63.5	68.0	57.6	63.5	68.0	57.6
Government transfers (%)	15.7	11.7	21.0	15.7	11.7	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.5	1.2	1.0	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	22,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	7,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	22,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	93,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,960	...	...	40,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	22,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,195	...	...	5.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	855	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	830	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,055	...	...	4.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	975	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	950	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,675	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,475	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,345	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,825	...	...	35.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,490	...	...	11.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,755	...	...	7.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,975	...	...	8.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,600	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	22,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	580	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,250	...	...	5.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	945	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	990	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,165	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,150	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,025	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,930	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,735	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,345	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,245	...	...	28.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,455	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,525	...	...	6.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,265	...	...	10.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,370	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	9,915	4,295	5,615	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	38,400	35,200	36,400	38,400	35,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	35,600	32,800	34,000	35,600	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,700	...	...	99,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,900	...	...	101,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,600	...	...	151,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,600	...	...	70,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	9,945	4,385	5,560	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,720	47,000	41,160	43,720	47,000	41,160
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,760	41,120	36,880	38,760	41,120	36,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	50,310	24,140	26,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,055	4,625	4,430	18.0	19.2	16.9
0 to 5 years	2,590	1,305	1,285	5.1	5.4	4.9
18 to 64 years	28,565	13,860	14,705	56.8	57.4	56.2
65 years and over	12,690	5,660	7,030	25.2	23.4	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,210	2,230	2,980	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	900	455	440	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	285	145	140	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,445	1,145	1,295	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,870	625	1,245	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	9.2	11.4	10.4	9.2	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	9.9	10.0	10.0	9.9	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	11.0	10.8	11.0	11.0	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.3	8.8	8.6	8.3	8.8
65 years and over (%)	14.7	11.0	17.7	14.7	11.0	17.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	49,945	23,995	25,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,050	4,630	4,425	18.1	19.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	2,595	1,310	1,285	5.2	5.5	5.0
18 to 64 years	28,445	13,815	14,635	57.0	57.6	56.4
65 years and over	12,445	5,555	6,885	24.9	23.2	26.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,735	890	845	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	160	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,200	650	550	...	...	...
65 years and over	210	80	135	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.7	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.4	3.8	3.6	3.4	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.7	3.7	4.2	4.7	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	50,310	24,145	26,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	26,080	11,985	14,100	51.8	49.6	53.9
In bottom decile	4,845	2,190	2,660	9.6	9.1	10.2
In second decile	5,445	2,360	3,085	10.8	9.8	11.8
In third decile	5,365	2,465	2,895	10.7	10.2	11.1
In fourth decile	5,140	2,430	2,710	10.2	10.1	10.4
In fifth decile	5,285	2,545	2,745	10.5	10.5	10.5
In top half of the distribution	24,225	12,155	12,070	48.2	50.3	46.1
In sixth decile	5,280	2,615	2,665	10.5	10.8	10.2
In seventh decile	5,170	2,540	2,630	10.3	10.5	10.1
In eighth decile	5,000	2,555	2,445	9.9	10.6	9.3
In ninth decile	4,665	2,335	2,335	9.3	9.7	8.9
In top decile	4,100	2,110	1,990	8.1	8.7	7.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	50,305	...	...	50,305	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.442	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...	0.278	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	50,940	24,465	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	47,475	22,990	24,485	93.2	94.0	92.5
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,245	1,380	1,870	6.4	5.6	7.1
Neither English nor French	215	95	120	0.4	0.4	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	50,940	24,465	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	50,175	24,125	26,050	98.5	98.6	98.4
French	500	230	270	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	205	85	120	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	50,940	24,465	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,085	24,080	26,000	98.3	98.4	98.2
Official languages	45,265	21,875	23,390	88.9	89.4	88.3
English	44,675	21,610	23,065	87.7	88.3	87.1
French	590	275	315	1.2	1.1	1.2
Non-official languages	4,820	2,200	2,620	9.5	9.0	9.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,790	2,190	2,605	9.4	9.0	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	375	125	250	0.7	0.5	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	105	205	0.6	0.4	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,605	1,715	1,890	7.1	7.0	7.1
Albanian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	835	360	470	1.6	1.5	1.8
Baltic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	820	355	465	1.6	1.5	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	100	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	385	170	215	0.8	0.7	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	180	80	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,620	770	850	3.2	3.1	3.2
Frisian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,165	560	600	2.3	2.3	2.3
German	1,105	535	570	2.2	2.2	2.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	375	165	210	0.7	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	270	115	155	0.5	0.5	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	75	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	705	370	340	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	660	345	315	1.3	1.4	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	525	265	260	1.0	1.1	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	185	200	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	50	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	215	100	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	90	30	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	135	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	90	150	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese languages	230	85	150	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	35	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	855	380	475	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and French	165	70	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	575	255	315	1.1	1.0	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	50,940	24,465	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	46,490	22,430	24,065	91.3	91.7	90.9
French	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	800	385	420	1.6	1.6	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	800	385	420	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and French	390	165	225	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	3,045	1,380	1,660	6.0	5.6	6.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	50,940	24,465	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,345	24,195	26,140	98.8	98.9	98.7
Official languages	48,610	23,380	25,225	95.4	95.6	95.3
English	48,510	23,325	25,180	95.2	95.3	95.1
French	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	1,735	815	915	3.4	3.3	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,730	815	910	3.4	3.3	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	170	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,150	555	595	2.3	2.3	2.2
Albanian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	230	105	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	225	100	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	160	70	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	150	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	235	115	115	0.5	0.5	0.4
German	215	110	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	465	230	235	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	445	220	230	0.9	0.9	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	365	175	190	0.7	0.7	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	600	265	335	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	545	235	310	1.1	1.0	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	50,940	24,460	26,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	47,860	23,055	24,805	94.0	94.3	93.7
English	795	380	415	1.6	1.6	1.6
French	320	130	190	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	1,605	735	875	3.2	3.0	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	1,580	720	855	3.1	2.9	3.2
English and French	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	190	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	50,220	24,220	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	50,035	24,155	25,885	99.6	99.7	99.6
English	50,025	24,150	25,880	99.6	99.7	99.5
French	3,230	1,380	1,850	6.4	5.7	7.1
Non-official languages	6,510	2,860	3,650	13.0	11.8	14.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,445	2,825	3,620	12.8	11.7	13.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	90	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	195	90	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	175	75	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	165	70	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	400	125	275	0.8	0.5	1.1
Bikol	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	380	110	270	0.8	0.5	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,915	2,250	2,665	9.8	9.3	10.3
Albanian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,055	475	580	2.1	2.0	2.2
Baltic languages	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,025	450	580	2.0	1.9	2.2
Belarusian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	155	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	540	240	295	1.1	1.0	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	220	80	145	0.4	0.3	0.6
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,085	1,005	1,080	4.2	4.1	4.2
Frisian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,585	760	825	3.2	3.1	3.2
German	1,565	755	810	3.1	3.1	3.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	445	205	235	0.9	0.8	0.9
Afrikaans	115	65	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	295	130	165	0.6	0.5	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	830	385	445	1.7	1.6	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	785	355	430	1.6	1.5	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	270	120	155	0.5	0.5	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	640	270	370	1.3	1.1	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,210	535	670	2.4	2.2	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	190	85	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Portuguese	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	930	405	520	1.9	1.7	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	205	60	140	0.4	0.2	0.5
Korean	115	40	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	295	95	205	0.6	0.4	0.8
Chinese languages	290	90	205	0.6	0.4	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	190	60	130	0.4	0.2	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	120	35	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	90	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	60	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,220	24,220	25,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,505	1,565	1,940	7.0	6.5	7.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,400	1,530	1,870	6.8	6.3	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,620	690	935	3.2	2.8	3.6
Métis	1,750	825	925	3.5	3.4	3.6
Inuk (Inuit)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	46,720	22,655	24,060	93.0	93.5	92.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,220	24,220	25,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,030	440	585	2.1	1.8	2.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,190	23,780	25,415	97.9	98.2	97.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	15,350	...	...	68.6	...	...
Renter	7,030	...	...	31.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	4,515	...	...	20.2	...	...
Not condominium	17,865	...	...	79.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	235	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	2,820	...	...	12.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,195	...	...	27.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,265	...	...	28.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,865	...	...	30.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,315	...	...	28.2	...	...
5 rooms	3,075	...	...	13.7	...	...
6 rooms	2,980	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	2,435	...	...	10.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,575	...	...	33.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	22,180	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	200	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	21,745	...	...	97.2	...	...
Not suitable	635	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,655	...	...	11.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,595	...	...	33.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,865	...	...	12.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,940	...	...	17.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,300	...	...	5.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,475	...	...	6.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	880	...	...	3.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,665	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	21,060	...	...	94.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,320	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	11,280	...	...	50.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,960	...	...	44.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,140	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	505	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,375	...	...	10.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,220	...	...	14.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,445	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,575	...	...	20.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,240	...	...	18.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,790	...	...	12.5	...	...
85 years and over	1,235	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	22,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,970	...	...	76.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,125	...	...	23.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,650	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	22,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,520	...	...	29.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,655	...	...	20.8	...	...
Not suitable only	450	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	875	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	95	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	355	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	15,865	...	...	70.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	21,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,405	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not in core need	20,210	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,100	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.1	...	...	56.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.5	...	...	14.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,090	...	...	1,090	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,324	...	...	1,324	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	608,000	...	...	608,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,025	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.5	...	...	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	41.9	...	...	41.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.7	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	50,225	24,225	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	985	455	525	2.0	1.9	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	920	425	495	1.8	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	595	260	340	1.2	1.1	1.3
Métis single ancestry	315	165	145	0.6	0.7	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,910	1,325	1,585	5.8	5.5	6.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,855	1,300	1,550	5.7	5.4	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,695	715	975	3.4	3.0	3.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,150	575	570	2.3	2.4	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	46,325	22,440	23,890	92.2	92.6	91.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	50,220	24,225	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	47,970	23,195	24,770	95.5	95.7	95.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,670	4,370	4,305	17.3	18.0	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,295	18,830	20,465	78.2	77.7	78.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,255	1,025	1,230	4.5	4.2	4.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	50,220	24,225	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	43,720	21,250	22,465	87.1	87.7	86.4
Immigrants⁸¹	6,020	2,730	3,290	12.0	11.3	12.7
Before 1980	2,480	1,120	1,360	4.9	4.6	5.2
1980 to 1990	575	255	325	1.1	1.1	1.3
1991 to 2000	655	315	345	1.3	1.3	1.3
2001 to 2010	1,110	480	630	2.2	2.0	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,195	560	640	2.4	2.3	2.5
2011 to 2015	535	260	275	1.1	1.1	1.1
2016 to 2021	660	295	365	1.3	1.2	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	485	240	240	1.0	1.0	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	6,020	2,725	3,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	795	405	385	13.2	14.9	11.7
5 to 14 years	1,225	545	680	20.3	20.0	20.7
15 to 24 years	1,310	605	705	21.8	22.2	21.4
25 to 44 years	2,260	1,000	1,255	37.5	36.7	38.1
45 years and over	435	165	265	7.2	6.1	8.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	6,020	2,725	3,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	805	305	505	13.4	11.2	15.3
Brazil	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	35	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	40	15	30	0.7	0.6	0.9
Mexico	50	15	30	0.8	0.6	0.9
Peru	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.3
United States of America	515	210	300	8.6	7.7	9.1
Other places of birth in Americas	115	35	85	1.9	1.3	2.6
Europe	3,180	1,590	1,590	52.8	58.3	48.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
France	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Germany	615	310	305	10.2	11.4	9.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	25	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Italy	70	45	30	1.2	1.7	0.9
Netherlands	275	130	140	4.6	4.8	4.3
Poland	185	85	105	3.1	3.1	3.2
Portugal	30	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Romania	25	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Russian Federation	85	35	50	1.4	1.3	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	85	30	55	1.4	1.1	1.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,160	580	585	19.3	21.3	17.8
Other places of birth in Europe	570	300	265	9.5	11.0	8.1
Africa	280	135	140	4.7	5.0	4.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	150	75	80	2.5	2.8	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	105	60	40	1.7	2.2	1.2
Asia	1,545	615	930	25.7	22.6	28.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	30	25	10	0.5	0.9	0.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	65	35	30	1.1	1.3	0.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	160	50	110	2.7	1.8	3.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	50	15	30	0.8	0.6	0.9
Taiwan	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
Philippines	345	105	235	5.7	3.9	7.1
Viet Nam	110	45	70	1.8	1.7	2.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	410	180	235	6.8	6.6	7.1
Pakistan	95	50	40	1.6	1.8	1.2
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other places of birth in Asia	195	70	125	3.2	2.6	3.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	215	90	125	3.6	3.3	3.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	655	295	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	105	40	65	16.0	13.6	17.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	15	3.8	3.4	4.1
Mexico	15	0	15	2.3	0.0	4.1
United States of America	50	25	25	7.6	8.5	6.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	115	50	65	17.6	16.9	17.8
France	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.7
Germany	20	0	15	3.1	0.0	4.1
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	30	0	5.3	10.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	20	3.8	0.0	5.5
Africa	50	20	30	7.6	6.8	8.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	35	10	25	5.3	3.4	6.8
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.7
Asia	360	170	190	55.0	57.6	52.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	3.1	0.0	5.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	85	45	40	13.0	15.3	11.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.7
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	3.8	3.4	4.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	0	10	3.1	0.0	2.7
Philippines	100	30	65	15.3	10.2	17.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	65	35	25	9.9	11.9	6.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	1.5	3.4	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	30	20	15	4.6	6.8	4.1
Australia	30	20	10	4.6	6.8	2.7
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	50,220	24,220	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	7,050	3,275	3,780	14.0	13.5	14.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	9,705	4,725	4,980	19.3	19.5	19.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	33,465	16,225	17,235	66.6	67.0	66.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,540	1,605	1,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,770	910	865	50.0	56.7	44.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	700	435	270	19.8	27.1	14.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,065	475	595	30.1	29.6	30.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,445	535	905	40.8	33.3	46.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	300	160	140	8.5	10.0	7.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	0	20	0.7	0.0	1.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,540	1,605	1,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	15	1.3	1.2	0.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	705	335	370	19.9	20.9	19.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	100	40	55	2.8	2.5	2.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	135	55	75	3.8	3.4	3.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	50	20	25	1.4	1.2	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,510	1,125	1,385	70.9	70.1	71.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	50,220	24,220	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,865	1,740	2,120	7.7	7.2	8.2
South Asian	1,115	555	560	2.2	2.3	2.2
Chinese	470	190	280	0.9	0.8	1.1
Black	330	165	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
Filipino	545	195	350	1.1	0.8	1.3
Arab	155	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latin American	230	75	145	0.5	0.3	0.6
Southeast Asian	255	110	145	0.5	0.5	0.6
West Asian	40	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	110	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	455	200	250	0.9	0.8	1.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	46,360	22,480	23,880	92.3	92.8	91.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	50,220	24,225	26,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,510	3,200	3,305	13.0	13.2	12.7
English	15,265	7,150	8,115	30.4	29.5	31.2
Irish	9,085	4,245	4,835	18.1	17.5	18.6
Scottish	11,220	5,420	5,795	22.3	22.4	22.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,010	2,365	2,645	10.0	9.8	10.2
German	9,765	4,730	5,035	19.4	19.5	19.4
Chinese	520	210	310	1.0	0.9	1.2
Italian	1,610	770	845	3.2	3.2	3.3
Indian (India)	605	320	285	1.2	1.3	1.1
Ukrainian	4,250	1,960	2,280	8.5	8.1	8.8
Dutch	2,915	1,390	1,525	5.8	5.7	5.9
Polish	1,925	920	1,005	3.8	3.8	3.9
Québécois	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,245	1,115	1,135	4.5	4.6	4.4
Filipino	535	185	345	1.1	0.8	1.3
French Canadian	620	280	335	1.2	1.2	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,105	555	550	2.2	2.3	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,070	465	600	2.1	1.9	2.3
Métis	1,570	795	775	3.1	3.3	3.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,235	625	615	2.5	2.6	2.4
Russian	2,050	975	1,075	4.1	4.0	4.1
Norwegian	2,320	1,125	1,205	4.6	4.6	4.6
Welsh	1,660	820	835	3.3	3.4	3.2
Portuguese	135	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	1,050	485	560	2.1	2.0	2.2
Spanish	320	145	175	0.6	0.6	0.7
Swedish	1,565	705	860	3.1	2.9	3.3
Hungarian	680	330	350	1.4	1.4	1.3
Acadian	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pakistani	165	85	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	85	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	220	130	90	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	170	75	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Vietnamese	165	60	105	0.3	0.2	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	165	95	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jamaican	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	90	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	455	175	275	0.9	0.7	1.1
Korean	125	65	65	0.2	0.3	0.3
Romanian	380	165	210	0.8	0.7	0.8
Lebanese	65	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	680	325	350	1.4	1.3	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	325	125	205	0.6	0.5	0.8
Sikh	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austrian	855	395	460	1.7	1.6	1.8
Belgian	330	145	190	0.7	0.6	0.7
Haitian	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindu	85	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	150	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	165	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swiss	380	185	195	0.8	0.8	0.8
Finnish	400	150	250	0.8	0.6	1.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	195	100	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Japanese	530	230	310	1.1	0.9	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	400	175	230	0.8	0.7	0.9
Muslim	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	490	250	240	1.0	1.0	0.9
Colombian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	270	155	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Syrian	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	60	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hong Konger	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ontarian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	95	35	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	125	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquin	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
South African	210	120	90	0.4	0.5	0.3
Australian	245	120	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Peruvian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mohawk	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	180	70	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
Bulgarian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cuban	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	185	95	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Ecuadorian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	95	65	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	125	65	65	0.2	0.3	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	50,220	24,220	25,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	220	80	145	0.4	0.3	0.6
Christian	20,365	9,010	11,355	40.6	37.2	43.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,835	2,220	2,610	9.6	9.2	10.0
Anabaptist	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anglican	1,700	695	1,000	3.4	2.9	3.8
Baptist	970	455	510	1.9	1.9	2.0
Catholic	5,280	2,380	2,900	10.5	9.8	11.2
Christian Orthodox	180	75	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	530	210	310	1.1	0.9	1.2
Latter Day Saints	400	190	215	0.8	0.8	0.8
Lutheran	1,125	530	590	2.2	2.2	2.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	600	250	350	1.2	1.0	1.3
Presbyterian	300	115	190	0.6	0.5	0.7
Reformed	280	125	155	0.6	0.5	0.6
United Church	2,355	895	1,460	4.7	3.7	5.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,735	830	905	3.5	3.4	3.5
Hindu	235	125	115	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jewish	105	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	400	220	190	0.8	0.9	0.7
Sikh	395	175	230	0.8	0.7	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	525	180	340	1.0	0.7	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	27,955	14,375	13,585	55.7	59.4	52.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	49,830	24,025	25,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	42,540	20,490	22,050	85.4	85.3	85.5
Movers	7,285	3,535	3,750	14.6	14.7	14.5
Non-migrants	3,785	1,830	1,955	7.6	7.6	7.6
Migrants	3,505	1,700	1,800	7.0	7.1	7.0
Internal migrants	3,195	1,590	1,605	6.4	6.6	6.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,320	1,105	1,215	4.7	4.6	4.7
Interprovincial migrants	875	485	390	1.8	2.0	1.5
External migrants	305	115	195	0.6	0.5	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,105	23,135	24,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,050	11,925	13,125	52.1	51.5	52.6
Movers	23,060	11,210	11,850	47.9	48.5	47.4
Non-migrants	7,985	3,860	4,125	16.6	16.7	16.5
Migrants	15,075	7,350	7,725	31.3	31.8	30.9
Internal migrants	13,870	6,810	7,055	28.8	29.4	28.2
Intraprovincial migrants	10,485	5,065	5,420	21.8	21.9	21.7
Interprovincial migrants	3,385	1,750	1,630	7.0	7.6	6.5
External migrants	1,205	540	670	2.5	2.3	2.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,880	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,985	4,045	3,945	18.6	19.8	17.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	34,885	16,405	18,480	81.4	80.2	82.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,325	12,365	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,100	1,705	1,390	12.2	13.8	10.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,225	10,660	11,575	87.8	86.2	89.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,875	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,645	3,295	3,350	15.5	16.1	14.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,520	6,525	6,990	31.5	31.9	31.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,705	10,625	12,085	53.0	52.0	53.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,125	7,280	7,850	35.3	35.6	35.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,490	3,400	1,090	10.5	16.6	4.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,670	920	750	3.9	4.5	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,820	2,480	340	6.6	12.1	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,250	3,380	5,875	21.6	16.5	26.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,385	505	880	3.2	2.5	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,580	3,345	4,235	17.7	16.4	18.9
Bachelor's degree	5,035	2,070	2,960	11.7	10.1	13.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	220	300	1.2	1.1	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	205	105	0.7	1.0	0.5
Master's degree	1,540	740	805	3.6	3.6	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	105	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,325	12,365	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,475	1,400	1,070	9.8	11.3	8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,545	3,930	3,610	29.8	31.8	27.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,310	7,025	8,280	60.5	56.8	63.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,880	4,720	5,165	39.0	38.2	39.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,685	2,075	610	10.6	16.8	4.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	965	525	440	3.8	4.2	3.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,715	1,545	170	6.8	12.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,280	2,290	3,990	24.8	18.5	30.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	915	355	565	3.6	2.9	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,425	2,310	3,115	21.4	18.7	24.0
Bachelor's degree	3,705	1,520	2,185	14.6	12.3	16.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	120	205	1.3	1.0	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	125	95	0.9	1.0	0.7
Master's degree	1,070	480	590	4.2	3.9	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	55	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	42,875	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	20,170	9,825	10,340	47.0	48.0	46.1
Education	2,115	600	1,515	4.9	2.9	6.8
13. Education	2,115	600	1,515	4.9	2.9	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	605	235	370	1.4	1.1	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	65	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	525	170	355	1.2	0.8	1.6
Humanities	790	330	455	1.8	1.6	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	200	60	140	0.5	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	240	95	140	0.6	0.5	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	50	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	70	50	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,915	555	1,360	4.5	2.7	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	85	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	455	40	415	1.1	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	345	80	270	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	335	120	215	0.8	0.6	1.0
45. Social sciences	540	225	310	1.3	1.1	1.4
Business, management and public administration	4,320	1,535	2,780	10.1	7.5	12.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	90	315	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,915	1,445	2,470	9.1	7.1	11.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	770	390	380	1.8	1.9	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	105	195	0.7	0.5	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	110	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	185	165	25	0.4	0.8	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	590	415	175	1.4	2.0	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	465	355	110	1.1	1.7	0.5
25. Library science	50	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	50	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,010	4,675	330	11.7	22.9	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	95	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	490	430	60	1.1	2.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	975	860	115	2.3	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,540	1,495	40	3.6	7.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,205	1,190	15	2.8	5.8	0.1
48. Precision production	695	660	35	1.6	3.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	725	485	235	1.7	2.4	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	300	175	125	0.7	0.9	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	420	305	115	1.0	1.5	0.5
Health and related fields	4,470	755	3,715	10.4	3.7	16.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	90	145	0.6	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,140	600	3,545	9.7	2.9	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	80	60	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,390	645	745	3.2	3.2	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	965	265	700	2.3	1.3	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	145	115	35	0.3	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	245	10	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	25,325	12,365	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,015	5,335	4,685	39.5	43.1	36.1
Education	1,185	330	855	4.7	2.7	6.6
13. Education	1,185	330	855	4.7	2.7	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	410	145	265	1.6	1.2	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	370	115	250	1.5	0.9	1.9
Humanities	540	240	300	2.1	1.9	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	140	45	95	0.6	0.4	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	70	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
54. History	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,465	420	1,045	5.8	3.4	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	85	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	30	310	1.4	0.2	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	280	50	230	1.1	0.4	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	245	85	165	1.0	0.7	1.3
45. Social sciences	365	150	215	1.4	1.2	1.7
Business, management and public administration	3,055	1,095	1,955	12.1	8.9	15.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	305	60	245	1.2	0.5	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,745	1,035	1,710	10.8	8.4	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	545	265	280	2.2	2.1	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	65	175	0.9	0.5	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	75	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	140	120	25	0.6	1.0	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	430	325	105	1.7	2.6	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	380	305	75	1.5	2.5	0.6
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,195	2,930	265	12.6	23.7	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
14. Engineering	330	270	60	1.3	2.2	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	665	575	95	2.6	4.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	970	945	25	3.8	7.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	755	750	10	3.0	6.1	0.1
48. Precision production	415	390	20	1.6	3.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	495	305	195	2.0	2.5	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	115	90	0.8	0.9	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	195	105	1.2	1.6	0.8
Health and related fields	3,060	555	2,505	12.1	4.5	19.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	195	75	115	0.8	0.6	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,810	445	2,370	11.1	3.6	18.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	910	410	500	3.6	3.3	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	640	180	460	2.5	1.5	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	100	70	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	150	10	0.7	1.2	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	25,325	12,365	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,015	5,335	4,685	39.5	43.1	36.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	15,310	7,030	8,280	60.5	56.9	63.9
Location of study inside Canada	13,570	6,220	7,350	53.6	50.3	56.7
Same as province or territory of residence	9,765	4,350	5,415	38.6	35.2	41.8
Different than province or territory of residence	3,805	1,870	1,935	15.0	15.1	14.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,740	815	925	6.9	6.6	7.1
Americas	480	235	245	1.9	1.9	1.9
United States of America	410	220	195	1.6	1.8	1.5
Mexico	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	495	255	240	2.0	2.1	1.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	70	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Netherlands	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Switzerland	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	235	135	100	0.9	1.1	0.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	65	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Africa	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	550	195	355	2.2	1.6	2.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	230	60	165	0.9	0.5	1.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	150	70	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	140	95	40	0.6	0.8	0.3
Australia	95	65	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
New Zealand	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	42,875	20,450	22,425	...	...	...
In the labour force	24,770	12,900	11,870	...	...	...
Employed	22,810	11,860	10,950	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,960	1,035	920	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	18,105	7,550	10,555	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.8	63.1	52.9	57.8	63.1	52.9
Employment rate	53.2	58.0	48.8	53.2	58.0	48.8
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.0	7.8	7.9	8.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	42,875	20,450	22,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	17,870	7,475	10,390	41.7	36.6	46.3
Worked	25,010	12,975	12,035	58.3	63.4	53.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	12,110	7,050	5,065	28.2	34.5	22.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,900	5,925	6,970	30.1	29.0	31.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.4	39.5	40.5	41.4	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	24,770	12,900	11,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	280	170	1.8	2.2	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	24,320	12,620	11,695	98.2	97.8	98.5
Employee	20,405	10,360	10,045	82.4	80.3	84.6
Permanent position	16,885	8,715	8,170	68.2	67.6	68.8
Temporary position	3,520	1,650	1,875	14.2	12.8	15.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	840	425	420	3.4	3.3	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,685	1,225	1,460	10.8	9.5	12.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,910	2,255	1,655	15.8	17.5	13.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	24,770	12,900	11,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	280	170	1.8	2.2	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	24,320	12,620	11,695	98.2	97.8	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	250	160	95	1.0	1.2	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,265	830	2,435	13.2	6.4	20.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,385	1,120	265	5.6	8.7	2.2
3 Health occupations	2,430	475	1,960	9.8	3.7	16.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,490	765	1,725	10.1	5.9	14.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	665	260	405	2.7	2.0	3.4
6 Sales and service occupations	7,360	3,240	4,125	29.7	25.1	34.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,730	4,355	375	19.1	33.8	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	730	560	170	2.9	4.3	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,000	850	150	4.0	6.6	1.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	24,770	12,900	11,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	280	170	1.8	2.2	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	24,320	12,620	11,695	98.2	97.8	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	605	375	230	2.4	2.9	1.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	235	215	20	0.9	1.7	0.2
22 Utilities	315	210	105	1.3	1.6	0.9
23 Construction	2,455	2,160	290	9.9	16.7	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	1,795	1,410	385	7.2	10.9	3.2
41 Wholesale trade	700	490	205	2.8	3.8	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	3,975	1,930	2,040	16.0	15.0	17.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	825	640	190	3.3	5.0	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	220	125	90	0.9	1.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	590	190	400	2.4	1.5	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	445	210	235	1.8	1.6	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,465	800	670	5.9	6.2	5.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	955	540	415	3.9	4.2	3.5
61 Educational services	1,545	500	1,045	6.2	3.9	8.8
62 Health care and social assistance	3,720	695	3,020	15.0	5.4	25.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	620	335	285	2.5	2.6	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,840	825	1,015	7.4	6.4	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,170	570	600	4.7	4.4	5.1
91 Public administration	790	375	420	3.2	2.9	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	26,895	13,840	13,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,435	13,660	12,775	98.3	98.7	97.9
French	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	135	40	95	0.5	0.3	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	195	90	100	0.7	0.7	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	26,895	13,840	13,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,875	13,830	13,045	99.9	99.9	100.0
Official languages	26,785	13,795	12,990	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	26,695	13,765	12,930	99.3	99.5	99.1
French	90	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	90	35	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	35	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	26,895	13,840	13,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,565	13,715	12,850	98.8	99.1	98.5
English	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
French	105	35	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	125	55	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	22,815	11,865	10,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,115	1,485	1,630	13.7	12.5	14.9
Worked outside Canada	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	3,635	2,670	965	15.9	22.5	8.8
Usual place of work	16,025	7,680	8,345	70.2	64.7	76.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	16,020	7,680	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,405	3,980	5,425	58.7	51.8	65.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,470	2,285	2,185	27.9	29.8	26.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,000	1,305	700	12.5	17.0	8.4
Commute to a different province or territory	150	105	40	0.9	1.4	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	19,660	10,345	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	17,345	9,135	8,215	88.2	88.3	88.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,900	8,395	7,500	80.9	81.2	80.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,450	735	710	7.4	7.1	7.6
Public transit	245	80	165	1.2	0.8	1.8
Walked	1,245	570	670	6.3	5.5	7.2
Bicycle	310	220	90	1.6	2.1	1.0
Other method	510	340	165	2.6	3.3	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	19,660	10,345	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	10,175	4,545	5,635	51.8	43.9	60.5
15 to 29 minutes	5,680	3,125	2,560	28.9	30.2	27.5
30 to 44 minutes	2,110	1,430	680	10.7	13.8	7.3
45 to 59 minutes	915	660	255	4.7	6.4	2.7
60 minutes and over	780	595	185	4.0	5.8	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	19,660	10,345	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,215	920	295	6.2	8.9	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,430	2,310	1,120	17.4	22.3	12.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,145	2,705	2,445	26.2	26.1	26.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,715	1,905	2,805	24.0	18.4	30.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,370	930	1,440	12.1	9.0	15.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,790	1,580	1,210	14.2	15.3	13.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	9,260	4,715	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	810	410	395	8.7	8.7	8.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,450	4,305	4,150	91.3	91.3	91.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,975	3,555	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	615	310	305	8.8	8.7	8.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	365	180	190	5.2	5.1	5.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	135	120	3.6	3.8	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,360	3,240	3,115	91.2	91.1	91.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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