Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Selkirk, City (CY)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,504	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,278	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,643	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,417	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	429.3	...	...	429.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	24.47	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,505	4,890	5,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,650	830	820	15.7	17.0	14.6
0 to 4 years	530	260	270	5.0	5.3	4.8
5 to 9 years	570	295	275	5.4	6.0	4.9
10 to 14 years	550	275	270	5.2	5.6	4.8
15 to 64 years	6,260	2,970	3,290	59.6	60.7	58.6
15 to 19 years	545	270	270	5.2	5.5	4.8
20 to 24 years	680	320	365	6.5	6.5	6.5
25 to 29 years	675	325	350	6.4	6.6	6.2
30 to 34 years	665	330	335	6.3	6.7	6.0
35 to 39 years	605	290	315	5.8	5.9	5.6
40 to 44 years	525	250	275	5.0	5.1	4.9
45 to 49 years	520	240	280	5.0	4.9	5.0
50 to 54 years	625	290	340	5.9	5.9	6.1
55 to 59 years	700	310	390	6.7	6.3	6.9
60 to 64 years	730	345	385	6.9	7.1	6.9
65 years and over	2,595	1,085	1,505	24.7	22.2	26.8
65 to 69 years	695	335	355	6.6	6.9	6.3
70 to 74 years	630	285	340	6.0	5.8	6.1
75 to 79 years	445	170	275	4.2	3.5	4.9
80 to 84 years	365	150	210	3.5	3.1	3.7
85 years and over	460	140	320	4.4	2.9	5.7
85 to 89 years	275	100	175	2.6	2.0	3.1
90 to 94 years	125	30	95	1.2	0.6	1.7
95 to 99 years	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	17.0	14.6	15.7	17.0	14.6
15 to 64 years	59.6	60.7	58.6	59.6	60.7	58.6
65 years and over	24.7	22.2	26.8	24.7	22.2	26.8
85 years and over	4.4	2.9	5.7	4.4	2.9	5.7
Average age of the population	44.1	42.3	45.7	44.1	42.3	45.7
Median age of the population	44.0	41.2	46.8	44.0	41.2	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,710	...	...	61.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	140	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	335	...	...	7.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	950	...	...	21.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,485	...	...	33.6	...	...
2 persons	1,505	...	...	34.1	...	...
3 persons	695	...	...	15.7	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 or more persons	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,855	4,055	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,275	2,130	2,140	48.3	52.5	44.6
Married	3,290	1,640	1,650	37.2	40.4	34.4
Living common-law	985	485	495	11.1	12.0	10.3
Living common law - Never married	735	365	370	8.3	9.0	7.7
Living common law - Separated	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	185	95	90	2.1	2.3	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,580	1,925	2,660	51.7	47.5	55.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,615	1,355	1,260	29.5	33.4	26.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	330	130	200	3.7	3.2	4.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	750	280	465	8.5	6.9	9.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	890	160	730	10.1	3.9	15.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,580	...	...	55.8	...	...
3 persons	680	...	...	24.0	...	...
4 persons	415	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	5.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,055	...	...	72.5	...	...
Married couples	1,560	...	...	55.0	...	...
With children⁶	685	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	875	...	...	30.9	...	...
Common-law couples	490	...	...	17.3	...	...
With children⁶	235	...	...	8.3	...	...
Without children	255	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	780	...	...	27.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	645	...	...	22.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	135	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,740	3,720	4,025	77.9	80.2	76.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,105	2,045	2,060	41.3	44.1	38.9
Parents in one-parent families	785	140	640	7.9	3.0	12.1
Children⁶	2,855	1,540	1,320	28.7	33.2	24.9
In a two-parent family	1,610	860	750	16.2	18.5	14.2
In a one-parent family	1,245	680	570	12.5	14.7	10.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,195	920	1,275	22.1	19.8	24.1
Living alone	1,490	575	915	15.0	12.4	17.3
Living with other relatives⁷	325	150	175	3.3	3.2	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	380	195	185	3.8	4.2	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,460	...	...	55.7	...	...
Couple-family households	1,845	...	...	41.8	...	...
With children⁶	820	...	...	18.6	...	...
Without children	1,025	...	...	23.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	615	...	...	13.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	125	...	...	2.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	185	...	...	4.2	...	...
One-person households	1,490	...	...	33.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,995	3,660	4,335	96.5	96.2	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,200	34,400	37,600	43,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,995	3,660	4,335	96.5	96.2	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,600	31,400	34,000	37,600	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,890	3,210	3,680	83.2	84.4	82.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	38,800	24,800	30,000	38,800	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,195	2,550	2,645	62.7	67.0	59.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,600	29,000	33,600	41,600	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,450	3,335	4,115	89.9	87.6	91.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,100	8,900	13,000	11,100	8,900	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	465	510	11.7	12.2	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,805	790	1,015	21.8	20.8	22.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,280	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,030	3,665	4,365	97.0	96.3	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,880	50,520	40,160	44,880	50,520	40,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,030	3,665	4,365	97.0	96.3	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,040	41,720	34,960	38,040	41,720	34,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,915	3,170	3,740	83.5	83.3	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,080	47,320	32,080	39,080	47,320	32,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,195	2,485	2,710	62.7	65.3	60.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,120	48,480	34,400	41,120	48,480	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,485	3,350	4,130	90.4	88.0	92.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,060	10,470	13,340	12,060	10,470	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	980	430	550	11.8	11.3	12.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,270	6,480	6,100	6,270	6,480	6,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,860	755	1,110	22.5	19.8	24.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,070	9,140	9,020	9,070	9,140	9,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,440	1,285	1,150	29.5	33.8	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	59,600	47,200	52,400	59,600	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,950	67,000	52,100	59,950	67,000	52,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,025	840	1,190	24.4	22.1	26.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	20,400	17,200	18,800	20,400	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,880	32,500	22,920	26,880	32,500	22,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.0	81.0	68.6	75.0	81.0	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.3	65.0	53.2	59.3	65.0	53.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.0	19.0	31.5	25.0	19.0	31.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.2	4.7	7.7	6.2	4.7	7.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	3.7	5.7	4.7	3.7	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,280	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	295	150	145	3.6	3.9	3.2
With total income	7,990	3,655	4,335	96.5	96.1	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	640	305	330	8.0	8.3	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	940	370	565	11.8	10.1	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,460	540	920	18.3	14.8	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,245	490	755	15.6	13.4	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	440	585	12.8	12.0	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	805	385	425	10.1	10.5	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	550	275	275	6.9	7.5	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	385	240	150	4.8	6.6	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	300	190	115	3.8	5.2	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	205	120	85	2.6	3.3	2.0
$100,000 and over	435	310	130	5.4	8.5	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	340	235	105	4.3	6.4	2.4
$150,000 and over	95	75	20	1.2	2.1	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,280	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	295	150	145	3.6	3.9	3.2
With after-tax income	7,990	3,655	4,335	96.5	96.1	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	305	355	8.3	8.3	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,025	410	620	12.8	11.2	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,725	660	1,065	21.6	18.1	24.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,465	585	875	18.3	16.0	20.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	540	615	14.5	14.8	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	730	400	335	9.1	10.9	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	490	275	215	6.1	7.5	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	345	210	135	4.3	5.7	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	135	90	50	1.7	2.5	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	95	60	30	1.2	1.6	0.7
$100,000 and over	160	115	40	2.0	3.1	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	95	65	25	1.2	1.8	0.6
$125,000 and over	70	55	15	0.9	1.5	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,280	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,090	1,260	1,835	37.3	33.1	41.0
With employment income	5,195	2,545	2,645	62.7	66.9	59.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	665	310	360	12.8	12.2	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	385	150	235	7.4	5.9	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	670	285	390	12.9	11.2	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	630	245	385	12.1	9.6	14.6
$30,000 to $39,999	595	250	340	11.5	9.8	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	550	255	300	10.6	10.0	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	455	245	210	8.8	9.6	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	310	190	120	6.0	7.5	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	240	165	80	4.6	6.5	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	225	125	95	4.3	4.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	165	100	70	3.2	3.9	2.6
$100,000 and over	300	230	65	5.8	9.0	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	160	120	45	3.1	4.7	1.7
$125,000 and over	135	115	20	2.6	4.5	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,815	3,565	4,245	94.3	93.7	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,800	31,600	35,600	42,800	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,820	3,565	4,250	94.4	93.7	94.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	37,200	28,800	32,000	37,200	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,845	3,200	3,645	82.6	84.1	81.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	39,600	26,400	31,600	39,600	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,270	2,595	2,675	63.6	68.2	59.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,400	30,400	35,200	42,400	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,960	3,110	3,850	84.0	81.7	85.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,350	3,280	9,100	7,350	3,280	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	745	365	380	9.0	9.6	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,700	5,640	6,280	6,700	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,280	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,830	3,565	4,265	94.6	93.7	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,480	48,960	37,080	42,480	48,960	37,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,830	3,565	4,265	94.6	93.7	95.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,880	40,320	32,160	35,880	40,320	32,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,895	3,180	3,715	83.3	83.6	82.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880	47,040	31,880	38,880	47,040	31,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,310	2,550	2,765	64.1	67.0	61.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,800	34,360	40,800	47,800	34,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,985	3,105	3,880	84.4	81.6	86.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,270	7,990	10,290	9,270	7,990	10,290
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	765	355	410	9.2	9.3	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,320	6,480	8,040	7,320	6,480	8,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,440	1,280	1,155	29.5	33.6	25.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	57,600	43,600	50,000	57,600	43,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,450	63,100	49,000	56,450	63,100	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	800	1,100	22.9	21.0	24.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	29,200	22,800	25,200	29,200	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,320	39,000	27,400	32,320	39,000	27,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	85.8	74.8	80.6	85.8	74.8
Employment income (%)	65.2	69.8	60.0	65.2	69.8	60.0
Government transfers (%)	19.4	14.2	25.2	19.4	14.2	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.3	2.1	1.7	1.3	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,490	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,100	...	...	69,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,160	...	...	46,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,960	...	...	38,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,920	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...	99,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,600	...	...	84,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	1.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	390	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,275	...	...	28.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	465	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	330	...	...	7.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	1.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	270	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	5.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	440	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	380	...	...	8.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	310	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	225	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	900	...	...	20.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	435	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	235	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...	5.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,870	770	1,100	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	38,400	33,600	35,200	38,400	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800	34,000	31,000	31,800	34,000	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,785	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,800	...	...	109,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,300	...	...	58,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,890	790	1,095	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,560	46,600	43,000	44,560	46,600	43,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,680	38,900	36,800	37,680	38,900	36,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,975	1,000	970	19.9	21.6	18.3
0 to 5 years	635	310	325	6.4	6.7	6.1
18 to 64 years	5,760	2,710	3,045	58.0	58.4	57.5
65 years and over	2,195	925	1,275	22.1	19.9	24.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,690	695	1,000	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	530	265	270	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	185	90	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	815	325	495	...	...	...
65 years and over	345	110	240	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.0	18.9	17.0	15.0	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	26.8	26.2	27.4	26.8	26.2	27.4
0 to 5 years (%)	29.4	29.2	29.6	29.4	29.2	29.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.2	12.0	16.2	14.2	12.0	16.2
65 years and over (%)	15.7	11.4	18.6	15.7	11.4	18.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,975	1,000	975	19.9	21.6	18.4
0 to 5 years	635	310	325	6.4	6.7	6.1
18 to 64 years	5,760	2,715	3,045	58.0	58.5	57.5
65 years and over	2,200	920	1,275	22.1	19.8	24.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	485	225	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	125	65	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	335	150	185	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	6.4	6.2	6.3	6.4	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	8.0	6.0	7.0	8.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	5.8	5.6	6.0
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,260	2,790	3,465	63.0	60.1	65.4
In bottom decile	1,475	620	855	14.8	13.4	16.1
In second decile	1,440	610	830	14.5	13.1	15.7
In third decile	1,125	510	620	11.3	11.0	11.7
In fourth decile	1,180	575	605	11.9	12.4	11.4
In fifth decile	1,035	475	560	10.4	10.2	10.6
In top half of the distribution	3,675	1,845	1,825	37.0	39.8	34.5
In sixth decile	985	490	495	9.9	10.6	9.3
In seventh decile	885	425	455	8.9	9.2	8.6
In eighth decile	825	425	405	8.3	9.2	7.6
In ninth decile	615	320	300	6.2	6.9	5.7
In top decile	360	185	175	3.6	4.0	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,935	...	...	9,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.314	...	...	0.314	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.463	...	...	0.463	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,995	4,660	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,440	4,425	5,015	94.4	95.0	94.0
French only	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	520	225	295	5.2	4.8	5.5
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,995	4,660	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,860	4,600	5,260	98.6	98.7	98.6
French	90	40	45	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and French	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,995	4,660	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,845	4,595	5,240	98.5	98.6	98.2
Official languages	9,045	4,245	4,805	90.5	91.1	90.1
English	8,925	4,190	4,740	89.3	89.9	88.8
French	115	55	60	1.2	1.2	1.1
Non-official languages	800	355	440	8.0	7.6	8.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Algonquian languages	45	20	20	0.5	0.4	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	750	335	415	7.5	7.2	7.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	45	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	570	250	320	5.7	5.4	6.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	65	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	65	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	85	35	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	115	50	65	1.2	1.1	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
German	65	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	115	140	2.6	2.5	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	250	110	140	2.5	2.4	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	100	125	2.3	2.1	2.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	155	60	90	1.6	1.3	1.7
English and French	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	110	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,995	4,660	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,295	4,345	4,950	93.0	93.2	92.8
French	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-official language	165	85	85	1.7	1.8	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	85	85	1.7	1.8	1.6
English and French	45	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	435	190	245	4.4	4.1	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,995	4,660	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,890	4,610	5,275	98.9	98.9	98.9
Official languages	9,510	4,440	5,070	95.1	95.3	95.0
English	9,490	4,430	5,060	94.9	95.1	94.8
French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	380	170	205	3.8	3.6	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	375	170	200	3.8	3.6	3.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	130	145	2.7	2.8	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	225	100	120	2.3	2.1	2.2
Indo-Aryan languages	225	100	120	2.3	2.1	2.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	195	85	105	2.0	1.8	2.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	55	55	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	1.1	1.2	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,995	4,665	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,570	4,475	5,095	95.7	95.9	95.5
English	165	70	95	1.7	1.5	1.8
French	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
Non-official language	170	75	100	1.7	1.6	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	160	70	90	1.6	1.5	1.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,935	4,635	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,910	4,625	5,280	99.7	99.8	99.7
English	9,905	4,625	5,280	99.7	99.8	99.7
French	470	155	315	4.7	3.3	5.9
Non-official languages	980	410	570	9.9	8.8	10.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	110	30	80	1.1	0.6	1.5
Algonquian languages	110	30	80	1.1	0.6	1.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	55	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	55	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ojibway, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	875	380	495	8.8	8.2	9.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	45	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	80	45	35	0.8	1.0	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	80	45	35	0.8	1.0	0.7
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	655	275	380	6.6	5.9	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	65	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	65	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Russian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	115	50	70	1.2	1.1	1.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	45	105	1.5	1.0	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
German	95	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	135	180	3.1	2.9	3.4
Indo-Aryan languages	310	135	180	3.1	2.9	3.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	125	50	75	1.3	1.1	1.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	105	155	2.6	2.3	2.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,490	1,670	1,815	35.1	36.0	34.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,380	1,640	1,740	34.0	35.3	32.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,455	700	755	14.6	15.1	14.3
Métis	1,925	940	985	19.4	20.3	18.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	100	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	6,445	2,965	3,480	64.9	63.9	65.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,255	555	695	12.6	12.0	13.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,680	4,080	4,600	87.4	87.9	86.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,655	...	...	60.1	...	...
Renter	1,765	...	...	39.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
Not condominium	4,155	...	...	94.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	675	...	...	15.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,355	...	...	30.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,570	...	...	35.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	780	...	...	17.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,420	...	...	32.1	...	...
5 rooms	735	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	820	...	...	18.6	...	...
7 rooms	505	...	...	11.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	940	...	...	21.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,340	...	...	98.2	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,205	...	...	95.1	...	...
Not suitable	215	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,320	...	...	29.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,700	...	...	38.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	360	...	...	8.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...	2.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	250	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,985	...	...	90.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	435	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,565	...	...	58.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,675	...	...	37.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	175	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	600	...	...	13.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	630	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	655	...	...	14.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	835	...	...	18.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	830	...	...	18.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	490	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	240	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,585	...	...	81.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	830	...	...	18.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	775	...	...	17.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,340	...	...	30.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	725	...	...	16.4	...	...
Not suitable only	150	...	...	3.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	7.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,080	...	...	69.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	495	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not in core need	3,860	...	...	88.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,655	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.3	...	...	63.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,060	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,113	...	...	1,113	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	270,000	...	...	270,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	273,600	...	...	273,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,765	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	35.4	...	...	35.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.1	...	...	34.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.3	...	...	22.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	969	...	...	969	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,930	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,590	765	825	16.0	16.5	15.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,530	740	790	15.4	15.9	14.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,030	495	535	10.4	10.7	10.1
Métis single ancestry	500	245	255	5.0	5.3	4.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,890	920	970	19.0	19.8	18.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,760	880	880	17.7	19.0	16.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	720	365	355	7.3	7.9	6.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,045	515	525	10.5	11.1	9.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	130	40	90	1.3	0.9	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	130	40	90	1.3	0.9	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,455	2,955	3,495	65.0	63.7	66.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,930	4,635	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,545	4,450	5,095	96.1	96.0	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,915	970	945	19.3	20.9	17.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,630	3,480	4,150	76.8	75.1	78.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	385	185	200	3.9	4.0	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,930	4,635	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,155	4,265	4,895	92.2	92.0	92.4
Immigrants⁸¹	700	340	360	7.0	7.3	6.8
Before 1980	215	110	110	2.2	2.4	2.1
1980 to 1990	60	35	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	110	45	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	285	130	150	2.9	2.8	2.8
2011 to 2015	100	50	55	1.0	1.1	1.0
2016 to 2021	180	85	95	1.8	1.8	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	35	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	700	340	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	110	55	60	15.7	16.2	16.7
5 to 14 years	90	60	35	12.9	17.6	9.7
15 to 24 years	135	50	85	19.3	14.7	23.6
25 to 44 years	325	160	165	46.4	47.1	45.8
45 years and over	35	20	20	5.0	5.9	5.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	700	340	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	35	45	10.7	10.3	12.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	55	25	25	7.9	7.4	6.9
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	2.1	2.9	0.0
Europe	235	135	100	33.6	39.7	27.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	55	25	30	7.9	7.4	8.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	20	0	10	2.9	0.0	2.8
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	15	0	2.1	4.4	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	105	60	45	15.0	17.6	12.5
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	0	2.9	4.4	0.0
Africa	20	10	15	2.9	2.9	4.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Asia	360	160	195	51.4	47.1	54.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	35	45	10.7	10.3	12.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	250	115	140	35.7	33.8	38.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	180	85	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	10	5.6	0.0	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	5.6	0.0	10.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	170	85	85	94.4	100.0	85.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	145	65	80	80.6	76.5	80.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	10	0	8.3	11.8	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	830	395	440	8.4	8.5	8.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,030	445	575	10.4	9.6	10.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,075	3,800	4,280	81.3	81.9	80.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	485	230	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	170	185	73.2	73.9	74.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	165	90	75	34.0	39.1	30.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	75	115	40.2	32.6	46.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	60	55	24.7	26.1	22.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	485	230	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	15	30	9.3	6.5	12.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	2.1	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	15	20	7.2	6.5	8.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	395	195	200	81.4	84.8	80.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	695	345	355	7.0	7.4	6.7
South Asian	390	175	215	3.9	3.8	4.1
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	95	65	30	1.0	1.4	0.6
Filipino	135	65	65	1.4	1.4	1.2
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,235	4,295	4,940	93.0	92.6	93.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,935	4,635	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	885	395	495	8.9	8.5	9.3
English	1,835	820	1,020	18.5	17.7	19.3
Irish	1,115	500	615	11.2	10.8	11.6
Scottish	2,155	1,060	1,100	21.7	22.9	20.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	940	465	475	9.5	10.0	9.0
German	1,490	720	770	15.0	15.5	14.5
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	140	30	110	1.4	0.6	2.1
Indian (India)	255	135	115	2.6	2.9	2.2
Ukrainian	1,940	865	1,075	19.5	18.7	20.3
Dutch	425	185	245	4.3	4.0	4.6
Polish	940	415	520	9.5	9.0	9.8
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	170	65	105	1.7	1.4	2.0
Filipino	130	70	65	1.3	1.5	1.2
French Canadian	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	80	45	35	0.8	1.0	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	845	405	440	8.5	8.7	8.3
Métis	1,720	815	905	17.3	17.6	17.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	105	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.1
Russian	205	90	115	2.1	1.9	2.2
Norwegian	210	90	125	2.1	1.9	2.4
Welsh	185	75	110	1.9	1.6	2.1
Portuguese	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
American	85	40	55	0.9	0.9	1.0
Spanish	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Swedish	140	70	75	1.4	1.5	1.4
Hungarian	65	25	35	0.7	0.5	0.7
Acadian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	100	30	70	1.0	0.6	1.3
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	45	40	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	335	190	150	3.4	4.1	2.8
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	55	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	50	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	400	200	200	4.0	4.3	3.8
Sikh	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Austrian	70	50	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Belgian	95	45	45	1.0	1.0	0.8
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	110	35	75	1.1	0.8	1.4
Swiss	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Finnish	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	895	410	480	9.0	8.8	9.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	245	110	135	2.5	2.4	2.5
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	50	0	45	0.5	0.0	0.8
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	105	45	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,935	4,640	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Christian	4,670	2,000	2,670	47.0	43.1	50.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	645	280	365	6.5	6.0	6.9
Anabaptist	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Anglican	1,060	405	655	10.7	8.7	12.4
Baptist	55	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catholic	1,355	605	745	13.6	13.0	14.1
Christian Orthodox	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	55	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	450	200	250	4.5	4.3	4.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Presbyterian	125	55	70	1.3	1.2	1.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	620	285	335	6.2	6.1	6.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	165	70	100	1.7	1.5	1.9
Hindu	85	35	40	0.9	0.8	0.8
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	240	95	145	2.4	2.0	2.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.8
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	40	85	1.3	0.9	1.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,735	2,440	2,295	47.7	52.6	43.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,805	4,565	5,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,740	4,080	4,655	89.1	89.4	88.8
Movers	1,070	485	585	10.9	10.6	11.2
Non-migrants	460	195	265	4.7	4.3	5.1
Migrants	610	285	320	6.2	6.2	6.1
Internal migrants	585	270	310	6.0	5.9	5.9
Intraprovincial migrants	480	220	255	4.9	4.8	4.9
Interprovincial migrants	110	50	55	1.1	1.1	1.0
External migrants	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,345	4,320	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,565	2,645	2,920	59.6	61.2	58.2
Movers	3,780	1,680	2,100	40.4	38.9	41.8
Non-migrants	1,360	625	730	14.6	14.5	14.5
Migrants	2,420	1,050	1,365	25.9	24.3	27.2
Internal migrants	2,220	970	1,245	23.8	22.5	24.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,990	855	1,130	21.3	19.8	22.5
Interprovincial migrants	235	115	120	2.5	2.7	2.4
External migrants	200	80	120	2.1	1.9	2.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,090	1,060	1,030	25.2	27.9	23.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,195	2,745	3,450	74.8	72.1	77.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,870	2,265	2,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	875	470	400	18.0	20.8	15.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,990	1,795	2,200	81.9	79.2	84.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,285	3,805	4,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,810	895	915	21.8	23.5	20.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,980	1,470	1,505	36.0	38.6	33.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,490	1,435	2,060	42.1	37.7	46.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,640	1,135	1,505	31.9	29.8	33.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	670	480	195	8.1	12.6	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	330	205	125	4.0	5.4	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	340	275	65	4.1	7.2	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,750	545	1,205	21.1	14.3	26.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	110	110	2.7	2.9	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	855	300	555	10.3	7.9	12.4
Bachelor's degree	675	230	445	8.1	6.0	9.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	55	0.8	0.5	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	95	45	50	1.1	1.2	1.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,870	2,265	2,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	765	425	340	15.7	18.8	13.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,770	925	845	36.3	40.8	32.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,335	915	1,415	47.9	40.4	54.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,690	715	975	34.7	31.6	37.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	360	255	100	7.4	11.3	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	170	105	65	3.5	4.6	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	190	155	40	3.9	6.8	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,165	375	790	23.9	16.6	30.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	80	80	3.4	3.5	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	645	205	440	13.2	9.1	16.9
Bachelor's degree	505	155	350	10.4	6.8	13.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	15	45	1.2	0.7	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	80	35	40	1.6	1.5	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,285	3,805	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,795	2,370	2,420	57.9	62.3	54.1
Education	305	70	235	3.7	1.8	5.3
13. Education	305	70	235	3.7	1.8	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.8
Humanities	95	20	70	1.1	0.5	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	0	50	0.6	0.0	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	30	205	2.8	0.8	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	0.5	0.0	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.1
45. Social sciences	45	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.7
Business, management and public administration	640	195	445	7.7	5.1	9.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	20	50	0.8	0.5	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	570	175	395	6.9	4.6	8.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	45	40	1.0	1.2	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	40	40	0.9	1.1	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	30	0.8	1.1	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	760	720	35	9.2	18.9	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	55	55	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	190	175	10	2.3	4.6	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	225	220	0	2.7	5.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	175	15	2.3	4.6	0.3
48. Precision production	100	100	0	1.2	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	25	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	25	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Health and related fields	940	150	785	11.3	3.9	17.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	925	140	785	11.2	3.7	17.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	100	145	3.0	2.6	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150	25	130	1.8	0.7	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	50	10	0.7	1.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,870	2,265	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,540	1,350	1,190	52.2	59.6	45.8
Education	205	45	160	4.2	2.0	6.2
13. Education	205	45	160	4.2	2.0	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	30	0.8	0.7	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	30	0.8	0.7	1.2
Humanities	70	10	60	1.4	0.4	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	0	45	1.0	0.0	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	15	150	3.4	0.7	5.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	0.9	0.0	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	35	0	35	0.7	0.0	1.3
45. Social sciences	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Business, management and public administration	425	145	280	8.7	6.4	10.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	35	0.9	0.4	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380	135	240	7.8	6.0	9.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	20	1.0	1.5	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	30	35	1.2	1.3	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	30	30	1.1	1.3	1.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	465	430	35	9.5	19.0	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	35	30	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	100	10	2.4	4.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	145	145	0	3.0	6.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	115	15	2.8	5.1	0.6
48. Precision production	30	30	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Health and related fields	645	105	535	13.2	4.6	20.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	635	100	535	13.0	4.4	20.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	70	90	3.3	3.1	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	90	10	80	1.8	0.4	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	10	0.7	1.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,870	2,265	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,540	1,350	1,190	52.2	59.6	45.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,330	915	1,415	47.8	40.4	54.4
Location of study inside Canada	2,080	815	1,265	42.7	36.0	48.7
Same as province or territory of residence	1,840	700	1,145	37.8	30.9	44.0
Different than province or territory of residence	240	115	130	4.9	5.1	5.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	245	100	145	5.0	4.4	5.6
Americas	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.0
United States of America	35	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	190	80	110	3.9	3.5	4.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	25	25	1.0	1.1	1.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	135	55	80	2.8	2.4	3.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,285	3,805	4,480	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,585	2,230	2,355	...	...	...
Employed	4,125	2,000	2,125	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	235	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,695	1,570	2,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.3	58.6	52.6	55.3	58.6	52.6
Employment rate	49.8	52.6	47.4	49.8	52.6	47.4
Unemployment rate	10.1	10.5	9.8	10.1	10.5	9.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,285	3,805	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,675	1,605	2,070	44.4	42.2	46.3
Worked	4,605	2,200	2,410	55.6	57.8	53.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,490	1,305	1,180	30.1	34.3	26.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,120	895	1,225	25.6	23.5	27.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.9	40.5	41.6	42.9	40.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,590	2,230	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	2.7	3.4	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,465	2,160	2,305	97.3	96.9	97.7
Employee	4,115	1,940	2,175	89.7	87.0	92.2
Permanent position	3,430	1,665	1,765	74.7	74.7	74.8
Temporary position	685	275	410	14.9	12.3	17.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	210	70	135	4.6	3.1	5.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	480	210	270	10.5	9.4	11.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	345	215	130	7.5	9.6	5.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,590	2,230	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	2.7	3.4	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,465	2,160	2,305	97.3	96.9	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	20	15	0.8	0.9	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	600	160	440	13.1	7.2	18.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170	155	20	3.7	7.0	0.8
3 Health occupations	600	115	485	13.1	5.2	20.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	545	115	430	11.9	5.2	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	30	40	1.5	1.3	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,255	455	800	27.3	20.4	33.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	925	865	65	20.2	38.8	2.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	60	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	195	175	20	4.2	7.8	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,590	2,230	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	2.7	3.4	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	4,465	2,160	2,305	97.3	96.9	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	35	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
22 Utilities	60	50	10	1.3	2.2	0.4
23 Construction	345	335	10	7.5	15.0	0.4
31-33 Manufacturing	335	270	60	7.3	12.1	2.5
41 Wholesale trade	145	125	20	3.2	5.6	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	630	295	330	13.7	13.2	14.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250	210	45	5.4	9.4	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	55	40	15	1.2	1.8	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	145	45	95	3.2	2.0	4.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	30	20	1.0	1.3	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	90	45	45	2.0	2.0	1.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	85	50	2.8	3.8	2.1
61 Educational services	370	95	280	8.1	4.3	11.9
62 Health care and social assistance	930	150	780	20.3	6.7	33.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	30	60	2.0	1.3	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	335	105	230	7.3	4.7	9.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	185	90	95	4.0	4.0	4.0
91 Public administration	250	95	160	5.4	4.3	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,920	2,345	2,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,825	2,310	2,515	98.1	98.5	97.9
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	30	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	1.0	1.1	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,920	2,345	2,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,910	2,335	2,570	99.8	99.6	100.0
Official languages	4,895	2,335	2,565	99.5	99.6	99.8
English	4,875	2,325	2,550	99.1	99.1	99.2
French	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Non-official languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,920	2,345	2,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,850	2,330	2,520	98.6	99.4	98.1
English	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
French	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,125	2,000	2,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	405	170	230	9.8	8.5	10.8
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	575	425	145	13.9	21.3	6.8
Usual place of work	3,145	1,395	1,745	76.2	69.8	82.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,145	1,395	1,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,165	825	1,340	68.8	59.1	76.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	140	70	65	4.5	5.0	3.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	835	495	335	26.6	35.5	19.2
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,720	1,825	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,240	1,600	1,645	87.1	87.7	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,910	1,460	1,450	78.2	80.0	76.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	325	135	190	8.7	7.4	10.0
Public transit	35	10	20	0.9	0.5	1.1
Walked	335	165	170	9.0	9.0	9.0
Bicycle	50	35	20	1.3	1.9	1.1
Other method	55	20	35	1.5	1.1	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,720	1,825	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,035	760	1,280	54.7	41.6	67.5
15 to 29 minutes	460	265	205	12.4	14.5	10.8
30 to 44 minutes	710	460	255	19.1	25.2	13.5
45 to 59 minutes	340	250	100	9.1	13.7	5.3
60 minutes and over	155	100	60	4.2	5.5	3.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,720	1,825	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	185	120	65	5.0	6.6	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	840	545	295	22.6	29.9	15.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	935	505	425	25.1	27.7	22.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	725	195	525	19.5	10.7	27.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	365	145	220	9.8	7.9	11.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	670	315	355	18.0	17.3	18.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,005	1,020	990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	90	95	9.0	8.8	9.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,825	925	895	91.0	90.7	90.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,440	740	700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	70	70	9.7	9.5	10.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	45	45	6.3	6.1	6.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	30	25	3.8	4.1	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,295	665	630	89.9	89.9	90.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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