Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Prince RupertMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,814	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,733	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,507	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,857	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,482.3	...	...	1,482.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.97	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,035	1,055	985	17.2	17.4	17.2
0 to 4 years	640	355	290	5.4	5.8	5.1
5 to 9 years	665	340	325	5.6	5.6	5.7
10 to 14 years	730	365	365	6.2	6.0	6.4
15 to 64 years	7,860	4,070	3,790	66.6	66.9	66.1
15 to 19 years	655	340	315	5.5	5.6	5.5
20 to 24 years	745	400	345	6.3	6.6	6.0
25 to 29 years	870	475	395	7.4	7.8	6.9
30 to 34 years	935	495	435	7.9	8.1	7.6
35 to 39 years	725	365	360	6.1	6.0	6.3
40 to 44 years	695	350	345	5.9	5.8	6.0
45 to 49 years	750	345	400	6.4	5.7	7.0
50 to 54 years	810	415	395	6.9	6.8	6.9
55 to 59 years	815	430	385	6.9	7.1	6.7
60 to 64 years	865	445	420	7.3	7.3	7.3
65 years and over	1,920	960	965	16.3	15.8	16.8
65 to 69 years	665	360	305	5.6	5.9	5.3
70 to 74 years	530	265	270	4.5	4.4	4.7
75 to 79 years	325	155	175	2.8	2.5	3.1
80 to 84 years	205	105	105	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	185	75	110	1.6	1.2	1.9
85 to 89 years	115	45	70	1.0	0.7	1.2
90 to 94 years	65	25	35	0.6	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.2	17.4	17.2	17.2	17.4	17.2
15 to 64 years	66.6	66.9	66.1	66.6	66.9	66.1
65 years and over	16.3	15.8	16.8	16.3	15.8	16.8
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.6	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	40.3	39.8	40.8	40.3	39.8	40.8
Median age of the population	39.2	38.4	40.4	39.2	38.4	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,800	...	...	57.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	195	...	...	4.0	...	...
Row house	290	...	...	6.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	605	...	...	12.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	900	...	...	18.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,515	...	...	31.2	...	...
2 persons	1,585	...	...	32.6	...	...
3 persons	740	...	...	15.2	...	...
4 persons	575	...	...	11.8	...	...
5 or more persons	435	...	...	9.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,680	6,020	5,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,780	5,025	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,270	2,655	2,610	53.9	52.8	54.9
Married	3,735	1,900	1,840	38.2	37.8	38.7
Living common-law	1,530	760	770	15.6	15.1	16.2
Living common law - Never married	1,250	630	620	12.8	12.5	13.1
Living common law - Separated	65	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	180	95	90	1.8	1.9	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	4,510	2,365	2,145	46.1	47.1	45.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,155	1,845	1,310	32.3	36.7	27.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	305	145	160	3.1	2.9	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	520	250	275	5.3	5.0	5.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	530	125	405	5.4	2.5	8.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,665	...	...	51.7	...	...
3 persons	735	...	...	22.8	...	...
4 persons	540	...	...	16.8	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	8.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,545	...	...	79.0	...	...
Married couples	1,780	...	...	55.3	...	...
With children⁶	915	...	...	28.4	...	...
Without children	860	...	...	26.7	...	...
Common-law couples	765	...	...	23.8	...	...
With children⁶	365	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	680	...	...	21.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	505	...	...	15.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	170	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,680	6,020	5,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,200	4,625	4,570	78.8	76.8	80.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,085	2,535	2,545	43.5	42.1	44.9
Parents in one-parent families	675	170	505	5.8	2.8	8.9
Children⁶	3,435	1,920	1,520	29.4	31.9	26.8
In a two-parent family	2,355	1,295	1,055	20.2	21.5	18.6
In a one-parent family	1,080	620	465	9.2	10.3	8.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,485	1,395	1,090	21.3	23.2	19.2
Living alone	1,515	845	675	13.0	14.0	11.9
Living with other relatives⁷	395	195	205	3.4	3.2	3.6
Living with non-relatives only	570	355	210	4.9	5.9	3.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,685	...	...	55.2	...	...
Couple-family households	2,210	...	...	45.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,100	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	1,105	...	...	22.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	480	...	...	9.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	175	...	...	3.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	195	...	...	4.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	255	...	...	5.2	...	...
One-person households	1,515	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,655	4,965	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,390	4,845	4,545	97.3	97.6	97.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	38,400	45,200	54,000	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,390	4,845	4,545	97.3	97.6	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,000	35,600	41,200	48,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,205	4,355	3,855	85.0	87.7	82.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	54,000	32,800	41,600	54,000	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,115	3,830	3,285	73.7	77.1	70.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	58,000	35,200	45,200	58,000	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,410	3,510	3,900	76.7	70.7	83.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,200	11,300	10,200	9,200	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,120	535	590	11.6	10.8	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,320	6,080	6,280	6,320	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,250	1,055	1,200	23.3	21.2	25.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,660	4,980	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,380	4,845	4,535	97.1	97.3	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,000	70,500	46,800	59,000	70,500	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,390	4,855	4,535	97.2	97.5	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,640	57,500	41,200	49,640	57,500	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,225	4,360	3,860	85.1	87.6	82.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,850	69,400	42,720	56,850	69,400	42,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,140	3,830	3,315	73.9	76.9	70.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,200	72,400	44,000	59,200	72,400	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,340	3,485	3,855	76.0	70.0	82.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,730	11,180	12,240	11,730	11,180	12,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	995	480	520	10.3	9.6	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,360	7,320	7,400	7,360	7,320	7,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,270	1,135	1,130	23.5	22.8	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	8,040	8,160	8,100	8,040	8,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,660	4,975	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,225	1,880	1,345	33.4	37.8	28.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,500	93,000	58,000	76,500	93,000	58,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,100	101,500	66,900	87,100	101,500	66,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,980	1,430	1,550	30.8	28.7	33.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	29,600	22,800	26,400	29,600	22,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,400	47,160	30,360	38,400	47,160	30,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4	88.6	77.8	84.4	88.6	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.4	81.2	68.6	76.4	81.2	68.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.6	11.4	22.2	15.6	11.4	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	1.8	1.3	1.0	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.3	5.8	4.2	3.3	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.7	4.3	3.3	2.7	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,650	4,970	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	265	125	140	2.7	2.5	3.0
With total income	9,385	4,840	4,545	97.3	97.4	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	810	370	440	8.6	7.6	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,020	450	570	10.9	9.3	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,285	550	735	13.7	11.4	16.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,070	465	605	11.4	9.6	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	950	445	500	10.1	9.2	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	790	335	455	8.4	6.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	630	305	325	6.7	6.3	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	480	270	205	5.1	5.6	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	430	230	200	4.6	4.8	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	375	235	145	4.0	4.9	3.2
$100,000 and over	1,545	1,180	365	16.5	24.4	8.0
$100,000 to $149,999	975	700	280	10.4	14.5	6.2
$150,000 and over	570	485	85	6.1	10.0	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,650	4,970	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	260	125	140	2.7	2.5	3.0
With after-tax income	9,395	4,845	4,550	97.4	97.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	835	375	455	8.9	7.7	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,055	470	585	11.2	9.7	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,420	615	805	15.1	12.7	17.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,265	570	695	13.5	11.8	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	495	595	11.6	10.2	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	835	380	460	8.9	7.8	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	660	365	295	7.0	7.5	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	585	345	240	6.2	7.1	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	400	275	130	4.3	5.7	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	315	220	95	3.4	4.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	930	735	195	9.9	15.2	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	530	395	135	5.6	8.2	3.0
$125,000 and over	405	345	60	4.3	7.1	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,650	4,970	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,535	1,140	1,400	26.3	22.9	29.9
With employment income	7,115	3,830	3,285	73.7	77.1	70.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	800	365	435	11.2	9.5	13.2
$5,000 to $9,999	490	225	265	6.9	5.9	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	700	300	400	9.8	7.8	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	650	290	365	9.1	7.6	11.1
$30,000 to $39,999	630	280	350	8.9	7.3	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	520	250	275	7.3	6.5	8.4
$50,000 to $59,999	550	255	290	7.7	6.7	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	435	215	220	6.1	5.6	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	325	190	135	4.6	5.0	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	325	195	135	4.6	5.1	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	330	200	130	4.6	5.2	4.0
$100,000 and over	1,360	1,075	290	19.1	28.1	8.8
$100,000 to $124,999	510	370	135	7.2	9.7	4.1
$125,000 and over	850	700	150	11.9	18.3	4.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,655	4,965	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,125	4,705	4,420	94.5	94.8	94.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	51,600	35,200	41,600	51,600	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,140	4,705	4,435	94.7	94.8	94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	31,800	37,600	45,200	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,115	4,290	3,830	84.0	86.4	81.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	52,400	32,400	40,400	52,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,210	3,870	3,340	74.7	77.9	71.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	54,400	32,800	42,400	54,400	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,185	2,795	3,390	64.1	56.3	72.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,050	8,300	7,750	7,050	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,005	495	505	10.4	10.0	10.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,750	6,320	6,550	6,750	6,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,660	4,980	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,120	4,695	4,430	94.4	94.3	94.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,900	69,000	44,000	56,900	69,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,145	4,700	4,440	94.7	94.4	94.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,040	55,700	37,880	47,040	55,700	37,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,120	4,270	3,850	84.1	85.7	82.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,650	69,700	42,080	56,650	69,700	42,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,245	3,850	3,395	75.0	77.3	72.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,150	70,600	41,880	57,150	70,600	41,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,090	2,780	3,310	63.0	55.8	70.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,690	9,410	9,920	9,690	9,410	9,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	955	480	475	9.9	9.6	10.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	7,800	7,800	7,800	7,800	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,660	4,975	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,180	1,855	1,325	32.9	37.3	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	86,000	55,600	68,000	86,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,400	96,300	60,600	81,400	96,300	60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,825	1,345	1,480	29.2	27.0	31.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200	34,000	26,000	29,200	34,000	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,240	52,950	34,440	43,240	52,950	34,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.6	92.0	83.2	88.6	92.0	83.2
Employment income (%)	79.8	83.8	73.0	79.8	83.8	73.0
Government transfers (%)	11.4	8.1	16.8	11.4	8.1	16.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.9	1.4	1.2	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,515	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,900	...	...	113,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...	95,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,100	...	...	67,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,700	...	...	55,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,345	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	135,200	...	...	135,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,100	...	...	114,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	135	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	285	...	...	5.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	235	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,340	...	...	48.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	550	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	670	...	...	13.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	650	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	370	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,970	...	...	40.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	655	...	...	13.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	495	...	...	10.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	820	...	...	16.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,090	1,200	890	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	50,800	41,600	47,200	50,800	41,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	45,200	37,200	42,000	45,200	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,800	...	...	134,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,400	...	...	128,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,800	...	...	164,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...	138,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,200	...	...	89,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,095	1,240	855	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,000	65,800	51,600	60,000	65,800	51,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,320	54,200	44,800	50,320	54,200	44,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,685	6,015	5,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,420	1,260	1,160	20.7	20.9	20.5
0 to 5 years	765	415	350	6.5	6.9	6.2
18 to 64 years	7,420	3,835	3,590	63.5	63.8	63.4
65 years and over	1,840	925	915	15.7	15.4	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,110	535	580	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	300	140	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	50	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	565	280	280	...	...	...
65 years and over	250	110	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	8.8	10.2	9.5	8.8	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	11.2	13.6	12.4	11.2	13.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	11.6	12.4	12.0	11.6	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.4	7.9	7.6	7.4	7.9
65 years and over (%)	13.5	11.8	15.2	13.5	11.8	15.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,680	6,020	5,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,415	1,255	1,160	20.7	20.8	20.5
0 to 5 years	765	415	345	6.5	6.9	6.1
18 to 64 years	7,420	3,830	3,585	63.5	63.6	63.3
65 years and over	1,840	925	915	15.8	15.4	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	310	175	135	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	25	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	220	135	90	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.9	2.4	2.7	2.9	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.2	2.8	2.5	2.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.5	2.5	3.0	3.5	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,680	6,020	5,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,035	2,470	2,565	43.1	41.0	45.3
In bottom decile	1,015	510	510	8.7	8.5	9.0
In second decile	1,085	485	600	9.3	8.1	10.6
In third decile	950	480	470	8.1	8.0	8.3
In fourth decile	1,015	520	500	8.7	8.6	8.8
In fifth decile	970	470	495	8.3	7.8	8.7
In top half of the distribution	6,645	3,550	3,095	56.9	59.0	54.6
In sixth decile	1,020	520	495	8.7	8.6	8.7
In seventh decile	1,035	540	500	8.9	9.0	8.8
In eighth decile	1,215	650	565	10.4	10.8	10.0
In ninth decile	1,540	820	715	13.2	13.6	12.6
In top decile	1,830	1,015	815	15.7	16.9	14.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,680	...	...	11,680	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.323	...	...	0.323	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.426	...	...	0.426	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.286	...	...	0.286	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,155	5,780	5,370	94.5	95.1	93.6
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	525	245	285	4.4	4.0	5.0
Neither English nor French	125	55	75	1.1	0.9	1.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,600	5,985	5,620	98.2	98.4	98.0
French	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	125	50	75	1.1	0.8	1.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,515	5,925	5,590	97.5	97.5	97.5
Official languages	10,050	5,175	4,870	85.1	85.1	84.9
English	9,970	5,135	4,835	84.4	84.5	84.3
French	80	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official languages	1,465	745	715	12.4	12.3	12.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nisga'a	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tsimshian	30	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haisla	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,395	725	675	11.8	11.9	11.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	300	145	155	2.5	2.4	2.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	295	145	155	2.5	2.4	2.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	145	65	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	40	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tamil	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	720	380	340	6.1	6.3	5.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	205	155	3.0	3.4	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	350	200	150	3.0	3.3	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	290	165	125	2.5	2.7	2.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	100	100	1.7	1.6	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	65	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Chinese languages	90	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	155	145	2.5	2.5	2.5
English and French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	250	130	115	2.1	2.1	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,235	5,255	4,980	86.7	86.4	86.8
French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	370	190	180	3.1	3.1	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	365	190	175	3.1	3.1	3.1
English and French	75	35	45	0.6	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,085	580	505	9.2	9.5	8.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,810	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,635	5,970	5,660	98.5	98.2	98.7
Official languages	10,910	5,595	5,320	92.4	92.0	92.8
English	10,895	5,585	5,310	92.3	91.9	92.6
French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	720	380	345	6.1	6.3	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	710	375	340	6.0	6.2	5.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	115	115	2.0	1.9	2.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	235	115	115	2.0	1.9	2.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	310	165	145	2.6	2.7	2.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	135	115	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	245	135	115	2.1	2.2	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	220	115	105	1.9	1.9	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	110	75	1.6	1.8	1.3
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	170	100	70	1.4	1.6	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,815	6,080	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,775	5,550	5,225	91.2	91.3	91.1
English	290	160	135	2.5	2.6	2.4
French	60	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Non-official language	570	290	285	4.8	4.8	5.0
Indigenous³⁹	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Non-Indigenous	470	235	235	4.0	3.9	4.1
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,525	5,970	5,555	98.6	98.9	98.3
English	11,510	5,960	5,545	98.5	98.8	98.1
French	605	315	290	5.2	5.2	5.1
Non-official languages	2,255	1,150	1,105	19.3	19.1	19.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	185	95	90	1.6	1.6	1.6
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	155	80	75	1.3	1.3	1.3
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	45	30	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Tsimshian	110	55	55	0.9	0.9	1.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,070	1,055	1,015	17.7	17.5	18.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	385	185	200	3.3	3.1	3.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Vietnamese	375	180	200	3.2	3.0	3.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	205	100	110	1.8	1.7	1.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	205	100	110	1.8	1.7	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,245	650	595	10.7	10.8	10.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	265	130	135	2.3	2.2	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	50	45	0.9	0.8	0.8
German	100	50	45	0.9	0.8	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	70	65	1.1	1.2	1.2
Afrikaans	80	50	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Dutch	45	15	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	325	240	4.8	5.4	4.2
Indo-Aryan languages	565	325	240	4.8	5.4	4.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	225	140	90	1.9	2.3	1.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	485	270	215	4.2	4.5	3.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	150	200	3.0	2.5	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	165	80	95	1.4	1.3	1.7
Portuguese	100	45	60	0.9	0.7	1.1
Romanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	30	70	0.9	0.5	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Chinese languages	90	45	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,380	2,240	2,140	37.5	37.1	37.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,250	2,185	2,070	36.4	36.2	36.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,905	2,000	1,905	33.4	33.1	33.7
Métis	340	185	150	2.9	3.1	2.7
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	100	45	60	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-Indigenous identity	7,305	3,795	3,515	62.5	62.9	62.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,365	1,670	1,695	28.8	27.7	30.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,320	4,365	3,960	71.2	72.3	70.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,015	...	...	62.1	...	...
Renter	1,845	...	...	38.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	205	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not condominium	4,650	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	580	...	...	11.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,130	...	...	23.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,745	...	...	35.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,385	...	...	28.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,355	...	...	27.9	...	...
5 rooms	745	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	14.3	...	...
7 rooms	660	...	...	13.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,405	...	...	28.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,735	...	...	97.5	...	...
More than one person per room	120	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,565	...	...	94.0	...	...
Not suitable	295	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,790	...	...	36.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,910	...	...	39.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	670	...	...	13.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	320	...	...	6.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	85	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,210	...	...	86.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	645	...	...	13.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,560	...	...	52.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,990	...	...	41.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	310	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	830	...	...	17.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	770	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	870	...	...	17.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,000	...	...	20.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	765	...	...	15.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	375	...	...	7.7	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,160	...	...	85.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	690	...	...	14.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	635	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,425	...	...	29.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	555	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not suitable only	195	...	...	4.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	475	...	...	9.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,435	...	...	70.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	335	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not in core need	4,470	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,010	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.6	...	...	60.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	424,000	...	...	424,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,845	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.8	...	...	23.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,134	...	...	1,134	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,680	6,030	5,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,820	1,465	1,360	24.1	24.3	24.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,810	1,455	1,350	24.1	24.1	23.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,715	1,405	1,315	23.2	23.3	23.3
Métis single ancestry	85	55	35	0.7	0.9	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,430	735	695	12.2	12.2	12.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,390	725	670	11.9	12.0	11.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,240	635	610	10.6	10.5	10.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	90	60	1.3	1.5	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,430	3,830	3,605	63.6	63.5	63.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,680	6,030	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,915	5,655	5,255	93.5	93.8	93.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,380	1,235	1,145	20.4	20.5	20.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,535	4,420	4,115	73.1	73.3	72.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	770	375	390	6.6	6.2	6.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,680	6,030	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,860	5,100	4,760	84.4	84.6	84.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,545	760	785	13.2	12.6	13.9
Before 1980	440	235	205	3.8	3.9	3.6
1980 to 1990	255	140	110	2.2	2.3	1.9
1991 to 2000	215	100	115	1.8	1.7	2.0
2001 to 2010	245	95	150	2.1	1.6	2.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	400	190	205	3.4	3.2	3.6
2011 to 2015	145	90	60	1.2	1.5	1.1
2016 to 2021	250	100	150	2.1	1.7	2.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	280	170	105	2.4	2.8	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,545	760	785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	55	35	5.5	7.2	4.5
5 to 14 years	300	165	135	19.4	21.7	17.2
15 to 24 years	435	250	190	28.2	32.9	24.2
25 to 44 years	620	255	365	40.1	33.6	46.5
45 years and over	105	40	65	6.8	5.3	8.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,545	760	785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	60	50	7.4	7.9	6.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.3
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	40	30	4.5	5.3	3.8
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Europe	455	225	235	29.4	29.6	29.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Germany	20	0	15	1.3	0.0	1.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	100	45	55	6.5	5.9	7.0
Netherlands	25	10	15	1.6	1.3	1.9
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	65	30	40	4.2	3.9	5.1
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	65	55	7.8	8.6	7.0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	40	40	4.9	5.3	5.1
Africa	75	35	35	4.9	4.6	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	3.6	3.3	3.8
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	880	440	440	57.0	57.9	56.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	1.6	2.0	1.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	2.3	2.0	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	10	1.6	1.3	1.3
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	205	100	110	13.3	13.2	14.0
Viet Nam	275	135	145	17.8	17.8	18.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	260	140	120	16.8	18.4	15.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	20	1.9	0.0	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	250	100	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	8.0	0.0	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	4.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	15	10.0	10.0	10.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	10.0	10.0	10.0
Africa	20	10	15	8.0	10.0	10.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	6.0	0.0	6.7
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	175	80	95	70.0	80.0	63.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	45	30	30.0	45.0	20.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	0	25	12.0	0.0	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	10.0	15.0	10.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	10.0	10.0	10.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	4.0	0.0	6.7
Australia	10	0	10	4.0	0.0	6.7
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,890	965	925	16.2	16.0	16.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,910	1,005	905	16.3	16.7	16.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,885	4,065	3,825	67.5	67.4	67.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,105	525	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	435	225	210	39.4	42.9	36.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	115	90	18.6	21.9	15.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225	110	120	20.4	21.0	20.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	500	185	315	45.2	35.2	54.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	170	115	55	15.4	21.9	9.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,105	525	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	145	60	85	13.1	11.4	14.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	30	25	5.0	5.7	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	60	40	8.6	11.4	6.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	795	365	420	71.9	69.5	72.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,780	930	850	15.2	15.4	15.0
South Asian	660	380	280	5.6	6.3	5.0
Chinese	130	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Black	30	15	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Filipino	270	125	150	2.3	2.1	2.7
Arab	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	30	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	480	230	245	4.1	3.8	4.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,905	5,105	4,800	84.8	84.6	85.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,685	6,030	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	880	450	435	7.5	7.5	7.7
English	2,115	1,000	1,115	18.1	16.6	19.7
Irish	1,395	615	780	11.9	10.2	13.8
Scottish	1,890	950	940	16.2	15.8	16.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	690	325	365	5.9	5.4	6.5
German	1,230	645	585	10.5	10.7	10.4
Chinese	215	100	120	1.8	1.7	2.1
Italian	625	335	285	5.3	5.6	5.0
Indian (India)	365	210	155	3.1	3.5	2.7
Ukrainian	495	260	230	4.2	4.3	4.1
Dutch	370	190	180	3.2	3.2	3.2
Polish	275	135	145	2.4	2.2	2.6
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	315	180	135	2.7	3.0	2.4
Filipino	290	120	165	2.5	2.0	2.9
French Canadian	135	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	200	125	75	1.7	2.1	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,690	845	845	14.5	14.0	15.0
Métis	290	165	130	2.5	2.7	2.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	210	120	90	1.8	2.0	1.6
Russian	180	105	75	1.5	1.7	1.3
Norwegian	660	355	305	5.6	5.9	5.4
Welsh	205	110	95	1.8	1.8	1.7
Portuguese	195	90	105	1.7	1.5	1.9
American	145	70	75	1.2	1.2	1.3
Spanish	80	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
Swedish	290	145	145	2.5	2.4	2.6
Hungarian	80	45	35	0.7	0.7	0.6
Acadian	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Punjabi	120	70	45	1.0	1.2	0.8
Vietnamese	420	205	220	3.6	3.4	3.9
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	120	55	70	1.0	0.9	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	430	270	160	3.7	4.5	2.8
Sikh	175	80	95	1.5	1.3	1.7
Austrian	125	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Belgian	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexican	30	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mennonite	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Swiss	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Finnish	80	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Japanese	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	90	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	105	65	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Syrian	30	15	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Newfoundlander	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	45	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Australian	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	75	45	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,685	6,035	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	160	80	80	1.4	1.3	1.4
Christian	4,140	1,915	2,225	35.4	31.7	39.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	595	290	305	5.1	4.8	5.4
Anabaptist	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Anglican	695	295	400	5.9	4.9	7.1
Baptist	115	50	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Catholic	1,530	720	810	13.1	11.9	14.3
Christian Orthodox	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	100	50	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Latter Day Saints	45	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Lutheran	190	105	85	1.6	1.7	1.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Presbyterian	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	555	255	305	4.7	4.2	5.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	85	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hindu	165	105	60	1.4	1.7	1.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	95	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Sikh	415	215	200	3.6	3.6	3.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	6,570	3,590	2,975	56.2	59.5	52.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,565	5,965	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,095	5,235	4,860	87.3	87.8	86.8
Movers	1,470	730	740	12.7	12.2	13.2
Non-migrants	1,010	500	500	8.7	8.4	8.9
Migrants	465	230	235	4.0	3.9	4.2
Internal migrants	340	175	170	2.9	2.9	3.0
Intraprovincial migrants	245	120	125	2.1	2.0	2.2
Interprovincial migrants	95	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
External migrants	125	55	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,055	5,655	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,460	3,365	3,095	58.4	59.5	57.3
Movers	4,590	2,290	2,305	41.5	40.5	42.7
Non-migrants	2,590	1,275	1,315	23.4	22.5	24.4
Migrants	2,000	1,020	990	18.1	18.0	18.3
Internal migrants	1,595	800	800	14.4	14.1	14.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,205	605	600	10.9	10.7	11.1
Interprovincial migrants	390	190	195	3.5	3.4	3.6
External migrants	405	215	190	3.7	3.8	3.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,660	4,975	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,440	1,285	1,150	25.3	25.8	24.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,220	3,690	3,530	74.7	74.2	75.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,405	3,320	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,230	690	545	19.2	20.8	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,175	2,640	2,545	80.8	79.5	82.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,660	4,980	4,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,145	1,085	1,060	22.2	21.8	22.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,260	1,650	1,615	33.7	33.1	34.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,255	2,240	2,010	44.0	45.0	42.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,680	1,565	1,115	27.7	31.4	23.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,060	895	165	11.0	18.0	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	420	315	100	4.3	6.3	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	640	575	60	6.6	11.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,345	550	805	13.9	11.0	17.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	125	150	2.8	2.5	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,575	675	895	16.3	13.6	19.1
Bachelor's degree	1,050	470	575	10.9	9.4	12.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	55	90	1.5	1.1	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	320	115	205	3.3	2.3	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,410	3,325	3,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,055	565	490	16.5	17.0	15.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,065	1,050	1,015	32.2	31.6	32.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,290	1,705	1,585	51.3	51.3	51.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,040	1,165	875	31.8	35.0	28.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	780	665	115	12.2	20.0	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	260	75	5.3	7.8	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	440	400	45	6.9	12.0	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,055	415	645	16.5	12.5	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	90	115	3.2	2.7	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,250	540	710	19.5	16.2	23.0
Bachelor's degree	795	350	440	12.4	10.5	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	70	1.7	1.2	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	15	0.5	0.8	0.5
Master's degree	285	115	175	4.4	3.5	5.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,660	4,980	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,410	2,735	2,670	56.0	54.9	57.1
Education	385	85	305	4.0	1.7	6.5
13. Education	385	85	305	4.0	1.7	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	75	70	1.4	1.5	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.4
Humanities	270	150	120	2.8	3.0	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	100	75	1.8	2.0	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	335	100	240	3.5	2.0	5.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80	0.8	0.0	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	10	45	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	130	55	75	1.3	1.1	1.6
Business, management and public administration	730	240	495	7.6	4.8	10.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	80	0.9	0.2	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640	225	415	6.6	4.5	8.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	75	1.7	1.7	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	45	0.7	0.6	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	20	0.8	1.1	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
25. Library science	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,095	1,030	65	11.3	20.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	100	100	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	165	25	1.9	3.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	385	375	10	4.0	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	250	10	2.7	5.0	0.2
48. Precision production	165	140	20	1.7	2.8	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Health and related fields	545	105	440	5.6	2.1	9.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	495	75	420	5.1	1.5	9.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	430	310	125	4.5	6.2	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	175	75	105	1.8	1.5	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	190	10	2.1	3.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,410	3,320	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,120	1,615	1,505	48.7	48.6	48.8
Education	315	75	240	4.9	2.3	7.8
13. Education	315	75	240	4.9	2.3	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	70	60	2.0	2.1	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	40	50	1.6	1.2	1.6
Humanities	170	90	80	2.7	2.7	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	55	40	1.4	1.7	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	25	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	65	200	4.1	2.0	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	1.1	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	110	40	75	1.7	1.2	2.4
Business, management and public administration	600	190	415	9.4	5.7	13.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	65	1.2	0.3	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	525	180	345	8.2	5.4	11.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	65	60	2.0	2.0	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	1.0	0.8	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	20	1.1	1.7	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	0.8	1.1	0.3
25. Library science	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	760	720	45	11.9	21.7	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	75	75	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	15	2.0	3.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	280	270	10	4.4	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	170	165	10	2.7	5.0	0.3
48. Precision production	110	95	10	1.7	2.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	15	55	1.1	0.5	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	15	35	0.8	0.5	1.1
Health and related fields	420	95	320	6.6	2.9	10.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	25	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	70	305	5.9	2.1	9.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	265	95	5.7	8.0	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	65	75	2.1	2.0	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	170	15	2.8	5.1	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,410	3,320	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,120	1,615	1,505	48.7	48.6	48.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,290	1,710	1,580	51.3	51.5	51.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,895	1,520	1,375	45.2	45.8	44.6
Same as province or territory of residence	2,410	1,275	1,140	37.6	38.4	37.0
Different than province or territory of residence	485	245	240	7.6	7.4	7.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	390	190	205	6.1	5.7	6.6
Americas	70	20	45	1.1	0.6	1.5
United States of America	55	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	40	20	1.1	1.2	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	205	100	110	3.2	3.0	3.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	65	25	40	1.0	0.8	1.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	125	65	60	2.0	2.0	1.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Australia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,660	4,980	4,685	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,525	3,525	2,995	...	...	...
Employed	5,910	3,205	2,710	...	...	...
Unemployed	615	325	290	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,135	1,450	1,685	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.5	70.8	63.9	67.5	70.8	63.9
Employment rate	61.2	64.4	57.8	61.2	64.4	57.8
Unemployment rate	9.4	9.2	9.7	9.4	9.2	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,660	4,980	4,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,270	1,555	1,715	33.9	31.2	36.6
Worked	6,390	3,425	2,965	66.1	68.8	63.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,275	1,920	1,350	33.9	38.6	28.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,115	1,500	1,615	32.2	30.1	34.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	41.4	39.7	40.6	41.4	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,520	3,525	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	90	85	2.6	2.6	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,355	3,440	2,910	97.5	97.6	97.2
Employee	5,605	2,985	2,615	86.0	84.7	87.3
Permanent position	4,495	2,430	2,065	68.9	68.9	68.9
Temporary position	1,105	555	550	16.9	15.7	18.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	295	125	160	4.5	3.5	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	810	425	385	12.4	12.1	12.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	750	455	295	11.5	12.9	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,520	3,525	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	90	85	2.6	2.6	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,355	3,440	2,910	97.5	97.6	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	55	15	1.1	1.6	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	800	175	625	12.3	5.0	20.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	210	80	4.5	6.0	2.7
3 Health occupations	405	70	330	6.2	2.0	11.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	760	260	500	11.7	7.4	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	45	110	2.5	1.3	3.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,530	635	895	23.5	18.0	29.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,860	1,620	240	28.5	46.0	8.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245	190	55	3.8	5.4	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	170	65	3.6	4.8	2.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,520	3,525	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	90	85	2.6	2.6	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	6,355	3,440	2,910	97.5	97.6	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	245	50	4.5	7.0	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	30	15	0.7	0.9	0.5
22 Utilities	45	45	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
23 Construction	360	330	30	5.5	9.4	1.0
31-33 Manufacturing	125	80	45	1.9	2.3	1.5
41 Wholesale trade	70	45	25	1.1	1.3	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	780	385	395	12.0	10.9	13.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,500	1,130	370	23.0	32.1	12.4
51 Information and cultural industries	105	40	60	1.6	1.1	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	155	45	110	2.4	1.3	3.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	35	1.1	0.7	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	100	110	3.2	2.8	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	130	115	3.8	3.7	3.8
61 Educational services	480	120	360	7.4	3.4	12.0
62 Health care and social assistance	625	70	560	9.6	2.0	18.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	40	80	1.8	1.1	2.7
72 Accommodation and food services	430	195	235	6.6	5.5	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	245	125	120	3.8	3.5	4.0
91 Public administration	440	245	195	6.7	7.0	6.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,025	3,790	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,690	3,630	3,060	95.2	95.8	94.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	125	65	55	1.8	1.7	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	55	1.8	1.7	1.7
English and French	50	20	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	2.3	2.1	2.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,025	3,790	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,980	3,770	3,215	99.4	99.5	99.5
Official languages	6,830	3,695	3,135	97.2	97.5	97.1
English	6,810	3,690	3,125	96.9	97.4	96.7
French	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Non-official languages	145	70	75	2.1	1.8	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	70	75	2.1	1.8	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	65	55	1.8	1.7	1.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	125	65	55	1.8	1.7	1.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,025	3,790	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,855	3,720	3,135	97.6	98.2	97.1
English	45	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
French	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	90	50	40	1.3	1.3	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	75	40	35	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,910	3,205	2,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	485	220	265	8.2	6.9	9.8
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	910	650	265	15.4	20.3	9.8
Usual place of work	4,510	2,335	2,175	76.3	72.9	80.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,510	2,335	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,985	2,075	1,910	88.4	88.9	87.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	55	45	2.2	2.4	2.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	410	205	210	9.1	8.8	9.6
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,425	2,980	2,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,655	2,620	2,035	85.8	87.9	83.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,080	2,350	1,730	75.2	78.9	70.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	570	270	305	10.5	9.1	12.5
Public transit	90	35	60	1.7	1.2	2.5
Walked	545	245	300	10.0	8.2	12.3
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.9	1.0	0.6
Other method	80	50	35	1.5	1.7	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,425	2,980	2,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,895	1,940	1,955	71.8	65.1	80.1
15 to 29 minutes	1,285	875	410	23.7	29.4	16.8
30 to 44 minutes	160	120	45	2.9	4.0	1.8
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	0.5	0.3	0.4
60 minutes and over	60	35	25	1.1	1.2	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,425	2,980	2,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	305	240	65	5.6	8.1	2.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	580	330	250	10.7	11.1	10.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,495	925	575	27.6	31.0	23.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,510	615	895	27.8	20.6	36.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	695	335	355	12.8	11.2	14.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	840	540	295	15.5	18.1	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,480	1,290	1,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	70	75	6.0	5.4	6.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,335	1,220	1,115	94.2	94.6	93.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,790	915	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	55	60	6.7	6.0	6.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	2.2	2.7	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	30	50	4.5	3.3	5.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,675	855	820	93.6	93.4	93.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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