Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	GibsonsMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,603	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,199^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,845	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,401	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	680.4	...	...	680.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.11	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,605	4,465	5,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,155	590	565	12.0	13.2	11.0
0 to 4 years	325	165	155	3.4	3.7	3.0
5 to 9 years	385	195	180	4.0	4.4	3.5
10 to 14 years	450	225	220	4.7	5.0	4.3
15 to 64 years	5,470	2,570	2,905	56.9	57.6	56.5
15 to 19 years	390	200	190	4.1	4.5	3.7
20 to 24 years	305	175	135	3.2	3.9	2.6
25 to 29 years	330	165	175	3.4	3.7	3.4
30 to 34 years	510	245	265	5.3	5.5	5.2
35 to 39 years	525	220	305	5.5	4.9	5.9
40 to 44 years	570	280	290	5.9	6.3	5.6
45 to 49 years	475	235	240	4.9	5.3	4.7
50 to 54 years	625	280	340	6.5	6.3	6.6
55 to 59 years	815	365	450	8.5	8.2	8.8
60 to 64 years	925	405	520	9.6	9.1	10.1
65 years and over	2,975	1,310	1,670	31.0	29.3	32.5
65 to 69 years	915	420	495	9.5	9.4	9.6
70 to 74 years	780	335	445	8.1	7.5	8.7
75 to 79 years	625	300	330	6.5	6.7	6.4
80 to 84 years	310	115	190	3.2	2.6	3.7
85 years and over	340	135	205	3.5	3.0	4.0
85 to 89 years	195	85	115	2.0	1.9	2.2
90 to 94 years	105	40	65	1.1	0.9	1.3
95 to 99 years	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	13.2	11.0	12.0	13.2	11.0
15 to 64 years	56.9	57.6	56.5	56.9	57.6	56.5
65 years and over	31.0	29.3	32.5	31.0	29.3	32.5
85 years and over	3.5	3.0	4.0	3.5	3.0	4.0
Average age of the population	49.6	48.1	50.8	49.6	48.1	50.8
Median age of the population	54.4	52.0	56.0	54.4	52.0	56.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,175	...	...	72.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	285	...	...	6.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	240	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	460	...	...	10.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,480	...	...	33.6	...	...
2 persons	1,775	...	...	40.3	...	...
3 persons	535	...	...	12.2	...	...
4 persons	435	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,395	4,370	5,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,450	3,875	4,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,990	2,465	2,525	59.1	63.6	55.2
Married	3,880	1,930	1,945	45.9	49.8	42.5
Living common-law	1,115	530	580	13.2	13.7	12.7
Living common law - Never married	710	340	370	8.4	8.8	8.1
Living common law - Separated	50	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	325	155	165	3.8	4.0	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	3,455	1,410	2,050	40.9	36.4	44.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,775	925	850	21.0	23.9	18.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	255	95	165	3.0	2.5	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	785	270	515	9.3	7.0	11.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	640	125	515	7.6	3.2	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,825	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,840	...	...	65.1	...	...
3 persons	510	...	...	18.1	...	...
4 persons	370	...	...	13.1	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...	3.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,825	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,420	...	...	85.7	...	...
Married couples	1,865	...	...	66.0	...	...
With children⁶	690	...	...	24.4	...	...
Without children	1,175	...	...	41.6	...	...
Common-law couples	555	...	...	19.6	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...	5.7	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	14.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	405	...	...	14.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	320	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,395	4,370	5,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,250	3,540	3,715	77.2	81.0	73.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,840	2,390	2,450	51.5	54.7	48.8
Parents in one-parent families	405	85	320	4.3	1.9	6.4
Children⁶	2,005	1,060	940	21.3	24.3	18.7
In a two-parent family	1,415	745	675	15.1	17.0	13.4
In a one-parent family	590	320	270	6.3	7.3	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,145	835	1,315	22.8	19.1	26.2
Living alone	1,475	540	935	15.7	12.4	18.6
Living with other relatives⁷	160	55	105	1.7	1.3	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	510	235	270	5.4	5.4	5.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,470	...	...	56.1	...	...
Couple-family households	2,155	...	...	49.0	...	...
With children⁶	740	...	...	16.8	...	...
Without children	1,415	...	...	32.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	315	...	...	7.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	160	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175	...	...	4.0	...	...
One-person households	1,480	...	...	33.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,245	3,785	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,070	3,695	4,375	97.9	97.6	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,000	36,400	40,800	48,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,075	3,695	4,375	97.9	97.6	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,200	33,600	37,200	43,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,330	3,400	3,935	88.9	89.8	88.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	40,400	25,800	32,400	40,400	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,190	2,480	2,710	62.9	65.5	60.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,800	26,600	32,800	42,800	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,745	2,930	3,815	81.8	77.4	85.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	13,400	13,400	13,400	13,400	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	215	315	6.4	5.7	7.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,885	780	1,100	22.9	20.6	24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	8,700	8,500	8,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,290	3,815	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,135	3,730	4,405	98.1	97.8	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,900	62,900	44,400	52,900	62,900	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,135	3,730	4,405	98.1	97.8	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,880	52,150	38,720	44,880	52,150	38,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,410	3,415	4,005	89.4	89.5	89.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,480	58,100	36,560	46,480	58,100	36,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,235	2,465	2,775	63.1	64.6	62.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,720	58,800	35,960	46,720	58,800	35,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,755	2,945	3,810	81.5	77.2	85.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,720	12,440	12,940	12,720	12,440	12,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	195	330	6.3	5.1	7.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,240	7,050	5,780	6,240	7,050	5,780
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,775	725	1,050	21.4	19.0	23.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,410	9,580	9,280	9,410	9,580	9,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,295	3,815	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,045	1,140	905	24.7	29.9	20.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	74,000	57,200	65,000	74,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,000	83,600	66,600	76,000	83,600	66,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,435	1,020	1,415	29.4	26.7	31.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	18,600	15,800	17,600	18,600	15,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,680	37,800	22,080	28,680	37,800	22,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	84.4	74.8	80.0	84.4	74.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.8	61.7	50.9	56.8	61.7	50.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	15.6	25.2	20.0	15.6	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.7	6.5	4.9	3.7	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.0	5.0	3.9	3.0	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,245	3,785	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	175	90	80	2.1	2.4	1.8
With total income	8,075	3,695	4,380	97.9	97.6	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	620	230	390	7.7	6.2	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	910	365	545	11.3	9.9	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320	505	815	16.3	13.7	18.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	435	675	13.7	11.8	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	905	380	525	11.2	10.3	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	775	355	425	9.6	9.6	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	570	295	280	7.1	8.0	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	450	235	215	5.6	6.4	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	305	170	130	3.8	4.6	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	270	155	115	3.3	4.2	2.6
$100,000 and over	835	575	260	10.3	15.6	5.9
$100,000 to $149,999	600	395	200	7.4	10.7	4.6
$150,000 and over	235	175	60	2.9	4.7	1.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,245	3,785	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	170	85	80	2.1	2.2	1.8
With after-tax income	8,075	3,695	4,380	97.9	97.6	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	245	420	8.2	6.6	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	935	370	565	11.6	10.0	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,485	575	910	18.4	15.6	20.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,285	505	780	15.9	13.7	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,055	480	575	13.1	13.0	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	770	375	395	9.5	10.1	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	535	275	260	6.6	7.4	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	410	245	165	5.1	6.6	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	280	160	115	3.5	4.3	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	210	150	60	2.6	4.1	1.4
$100,000 and over	440	315	130	5.4	8.5	3.0
$100,000 to $124,999	270	190	80	3.3	5.1	1.8
$125,000 and over	175	125	45	2.2	3.4	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,245	3,785	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,055	1,300	1,750	37.1	34.3	39.2
With employment income	5,190	2,480	2,710	62.9	65.5	60.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	920	365	550	17.7	14.7	20.3
$5,000 to $9,999	490	210	280	9.4	8.5	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	595	265	330	11.5	10.7	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	450	175	275	8.7	7.1	10.1
$30,000 to $39,999	465	185	285	9.0	7.5	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	400	180	220	7.7	7.3	8.1
$50,000 to $59,999	370	175	195	7.1	7.1	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	310	155	155	6.0	6.3	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	235	135	100	4.5	5.4	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	205	120	85	3.9	4.8	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	70	3.5	4.6	2.6
$100,000 and over	565	405	160	10.9	16.3	5.9
$100,000 to $124,999	280	180	100	5.4	7.3	3.7
$125,000 and over	285	225	60	5.5	9.1	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,245	3,785	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,950	3,645	4,300	96.4	96.3	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	46,800	33,200	38,400	46,800	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,965	3,650	4,320	96.6	96.4	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,000	30,000	34,800	42,000	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,330	3,385	3,935	88.9	89.4	88.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,400	27,600	33,600	42,400	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,615	2,700	2,915	68.1	71.3	65.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	38,800	25,600	30,600	38,800	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,645	2,345	3,300	68.5	62.0	74.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	11,600	10,300	10,700	11,600	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	400	155	245	4.9	4.1	5.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,720	4,960	4,960	4,720	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,290	3,815	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,030	3,700	4,330	96.9	97.0	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,840	61,550	41,720	50,840	61,550	41,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,045	3,700	4,345	97.0	97.0	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440	50,440	35,600	42,440	50,440	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,415	3,420	3,995	89.4	89.6	89.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,080	59,150	36,720	47,080	59,150	36,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,770	2,745	3,020	69.6	72.0	67.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,320	55,850	33,880	44,320	55,850	33,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,680	2,410	3,265	68.5	63.2	73.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,430	10,470	10,410	10,430	10,470	10,410
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	120	230	4.2	3.1	5.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,100	5,720	5,480	5,100	5,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,295	3,815	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,050	1,145	905	24.7	30.0	20.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	72,000	53,200	61,200	72,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,600	79,800	59,100	70,600	79,800	59,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,345	990	1,355	28.3	26.0	30.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	28,800	21,600	24,000	28,800	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,240	50,200	27,840	37,240	50,200	27,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.4	89.0	81.2	85.4	89.0	81.2
Employment income (%)	62.6	67.4	56.6	62.6	67.4	56.6
Government transfers (%)	14.5	11.1	18.8	14.5	11.1	18.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,400	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,100	...	...	97,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,450	...	...	51,450	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,280	...	...	44,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,100	...	...	120,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	160	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	365	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	345	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	315	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	250	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,605	...	...	36.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	10.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	375	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	440	...	...	10.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	315	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	195	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	380	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,275	...	...	29.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	485	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	430	...	...	9.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	845	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,985	780	1,210	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	38,800	37,600	38,000	38,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	35,600	35,200	35,200	35,600	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...	95,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,200	...	...	149,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,800	...	...	124,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,200	...	...	71,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,990	775	1,220	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	53,300	46,000	48,800	53,300	46,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,200	45,000	40,500	42,200	45,000	40,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,400	4,375	5,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,405	725	685	14.9	16.6	13.6
0 to 5 years	385	190	190	4.1	4.3	3.8
18 to 64 years	5,155	2,395	2,765	54.8	54.7	55.0
65 years and over	2,835	1,260	1,575	30.2	28.8	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,010	410	600	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	175	95	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	15	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	490	205	285	...	...	...
65 years and over	345	115	230	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.7	9.4	11.9	10.7	9.4	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.5	13.0	12.0	12.5	13.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.6	10.0	14.0	11.6	10.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.6	10.4	9.6	8.6	10.4
65 years and over (%)	12.0	8.8	14.6	12.0	8.8	14.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,400	4,370	5,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,405	720	685	14.9	16.5	13.6
0 to 5 years	380	195	190	4.0	4.5	3.8
18 to 64 years	5,160	2,390	2,765	54.9	54.7	55.0
65 years and over	2,835	1,260	1,575	30.2	28.8	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	305	145	155	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	210	105	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	3.0	5.0	4.0	3.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.4	3.8	4.0	4.4	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,395	4,375	5,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,580	2,015	2,565	48.7	46.1	51.0
In bottom decile	975	430	545	10.4	9.8	10.8
In second decile	915	360	550	9.7	8.2	10.9
In third decile	910	405	500	9.7	9.3	10.0
In fourth decile	915	405	505	9.7	9.3	10.0
In fifth decile	880	410	465	9.4	9.4	9.3
In top half of the distribution	4,820	2,355	2,460	51.3	53.8	49.0
In sixth decile	1,035	485	555	11.0	11.1	11.0
In seventh decile	1,015	500	515	10.8	11.4	10.2
In eighth decile	925	440	480	9.8	10.1	9.6
In ninth decile	950	475	475	10.1	10.9	9.5
In top decile	895	455	440	9.5	10.4	8.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,400	...	...	9,400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.311	...	...	0.311	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.428	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,690	4,090	4,600	92.0	92.7	91.3
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	735	310	420	7.8	7.0	8.3
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,255	4,320	4,935	97.9	98.0	97.9
French	135	60	75	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,285	4,335	4,955	98.3	98.3	98.3
Official languages	8,335	3,915	4,420	88.2	88.8	87.7
English	8,185	3,850	4,330	86.6	87.3	85.9
French	150	65	85	1.6	1.5	1.7
Non-official languages	950	415	540	10.1	9.4	10.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	950	415	540	10.1	9.4	10.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	140	50	85	1.5	1.1	1.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	45	75	1.2	1.0	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	530	245	285	5.6	5.6	5.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	45	55	1.1	1.0	1.1
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	45	55	1.0	1.0	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Russian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	250	110	135	2.6	2.5	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	70	95	1.7	1.6	1.9
German	160	70	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	25	40	0.6	0.6	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Korean	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	50	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
Chinese languages	95	45	55	1.0	1.0	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	160	75	85	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and French	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,510	4,000	4,515	90.1	90.7	89.6
French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	150	65	85	1.6	1.5	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	150	65	85	1.6	1.5	1.7
English and French	95	35	55	1.0	0.8	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	655	295	355	6.9	6.7	7.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,310	4,340	4,970	98.5	98.4	98.6
Official languages	8,995	4,195	4,800	95.2	95.1	95.2
English	8,965	4,185	4,785	94.9	94.9	94.9
French	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	320	145	175	3.4	3.3	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	320	145	175	3.4	3.3	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	55	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
German	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	35	0.6	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	65	70	1.5	1.5	1.4
English and French	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,450	4,415	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,800	4,130	4,670	93.1	93.5	92.7
English	150	75	75	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	60	20	45	0.6	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	355	150	205	3.8	3.4	4.1
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	350	150	200	3.7	3.4	4.0
English and French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,445	4,410	5,035	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	9,445	4,410	5,035	99.9	100.0	99.9
French	755	320	440	8.0	7.3	8.7
Non-official languages	1,335	570	770	14.1	12.9	15.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,335	570	770	14.1	12.9	15.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	150	55	95	1.6	1.2	1.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	55	85	1.5	1.2	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	855	345	505	9.0	7.8	10.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	365	150	215	3.9	3.4	4.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	205	70	130	2.2	1.6	2.6
German	205	70	130	2.2	1.6	2.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	145	70	75	1.5	1.6	1.5
Afrikaans	30	20	20	0.3	0.5	0.4
Dutch	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	20	50	0.7	0.5	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	70	20	50	0.7	0.5	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hindi	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Kacchi	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	320	140	180	3.4	3.2	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Portuguese	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	255	110	150	2.7	2.5	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	85	45	35	0.9	1.0	0.7
Korean	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	55	1.0	0.9	1.1
Chinese languages	90	40	45	1.0	0.9	0.9
Hakka	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mandarin	60	30	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hungarian	30	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	560	275	285	5.9	6.2	5.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	505	235	270	5.3	5.3	5.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	245	110	130	2.6	2.5	2.6
Métis	265	125	140	2.8	2.8	2.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	40	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	8,890	4,135	4,755	94.1	93.8	94.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	185	80	105	2.0	1.8	2.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,260	4,325	4,935	98.0	98.1	97.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,460	...	...	78.1	...	...
Renter	970	...	...	21.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	635	...	...	14.3	...	...
Not condominium	3,795	...	...	85.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	465	...	...	10.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,350	...	...	30.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,615	...	...	36.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	980	...	...	22.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,155	...	...	26.1	...	...
5 rooms	835	...	...	18.8	...	...
6 rooms	635	...	...	14.3	...	...
7 rooms	585	...	...	13.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,225	...	...	27.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,395	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,300	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	550	...	...	12.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,175	...	...	26.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	775	...	...	17.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	905	...	...	20.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	300	...	...	6.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	205	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	280	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,130	...	...	93.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	300	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,370	...	...	53.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,870	...	...	42.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	190	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	305	...	...	6.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	545	...	...	12.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	635	...	...	14.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	970	...	...	21.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,080	...	...	24.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	645	...	...	14.6	...	...
85 years and over	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,330	...	...	75.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,080	...	...	24.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	990	...	...	22.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,360	...	...	30.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	945	...	...	21.3	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,070	...	...	69.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	385	...	...	8.9	...	...
Not in core need	3,935	...	...	91.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,450	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.6	...	...	51.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.7	...	...	17.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,356	...	...	1,356	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	841,000	...	...	841,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	970	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.3	...	...	10.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	48.5	...	...	48.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.9	...	...	21.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,404	...	...	1,404	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,450	4,405	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	90	35	55	1.0	0.8	1.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	90	35	50	1.0	0.8	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Métis single ancestry	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	490	250	245	5.2	5.7	4.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	480	240	235	5.1	5.4	4.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	265	130	130	2.8	3.0	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	210	110	100	2.2	2.5	2.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,865	4,125	4,740	93.8	93.6	94.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,450	4,410	5,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,025	4,210	4,815	95.5	95.5	95.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,425	725	705	15.1	16.4	14.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,600	3,490	4,110	80.4	79.1	81.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	425	200	225	4.5	4.5	4.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,450	4,410	5,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,575	3,610	3,965	80.2	81.9	78.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,810	760	1,045	19.2	17.2	20.7
Before 1980	850	315	535	9.0	7.1	10.6
1980 to 1990	230	110	125	2.4	2.5	2.5
1991 to 2000	190	90	105	2.0	2.0	2.1
2001 to 2010	245	105	140	2.6	2.4	2.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	295	150	150	3.1	3.4	3.0
2011 to 2015	160	85	80	1.7	1.9	1.6
2016 to 2021	135	65	75	1.4	1.5	1.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	65	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,810	765	1,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	65	110	9.7	8.5	10.5
5 to 14 years	310	140	170	17.1	18.3	16.3
15 to 24 years	375	155	215	20.7	20.3	20.6
25 to 44 years	780	325	455	43.1	42.5	43.5
45 years and over	175	75	95	9.7	9.8	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,810	765	1,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	260	110	150	14.4	14.4	14.4
Brazil	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
United States of America	195	80	115	10.8	10.5	11.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	1.7	2.0	1.4
Europe	1,015	450	565	56.1	58.8	54.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	15	25	1.9	2.0	2.4
Germany	100	20	75	5.5	2.6	7.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	1.1	1.3	1.0
Italy	15	10	10	0.8	1.3	1.0
Netherlands	55	20	30	3.0	2.6	2.9
Poland	50	25	20	2.8	3.3	1.9
Portugal	20	0	15	1.1	0.0	1.4
Romania	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	545	260	290	30.1	34.0	27.8
Other places of birth in Europe	155	85	70	8.6	11.1	6.7
Africa	100	35	60	5.5	4.6	5.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0.8	1.3	1.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	3.0	3.3	2.9
Other places of birth in Africa	30	0	25	1.7	0.0	2.4
Asia	370	135	240	20.4	17.6	23.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	30	2.5	2.0	2.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	50	20	25	2.8	2.6	2.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	120	40	85	6.6	5.2	8.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	30	2.8	2.6	2.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	25	55	4.7	3.3	5.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	60	40	25	3.3	5.2	2.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	135	65	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	15	25.9	23.1	20.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	14.8	15.4	13.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	15	22.2	30.8	20.0
France	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	11.1	15.4	13.3
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	7.4	15.4	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	7.4	15.4	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	45	10	40	33.3	15.4	53.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	0	15	18.5	0.0	20.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	7.4	0.0	13.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,075	900	1,180	22.0	20.4	23.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,010	980	1,025	21.3	22.2	20.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,365	2,530	2,835	56.8	57.4	56.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	960	450	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	545	275	260	56.8	61.1	50.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	305	165	140	31.8	36.7	27.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	235	110	125	24.5	24.4	24.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	355	140	215	37.0	31.1	41.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	30	30	6.3	6.7	5.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	960	450	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	265	110	155	27.6	24.4	30.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	2.1	2.2	1.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	80	40	45	8.3	8.9	8.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	585	285	290	60.9	63.3	56.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	860	400	465	9.1	9.1	9.2
South Asian	115	45	70	1.2	1.0	1.4
Chinese	135	65	65	1.4	1.5	1.3
Black	80	35	45	0.8	0.8	0.9
Filipino	175	80	95	1.9	1.8	1.9
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	55	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Southeast Asian	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Japanese	85	55	35	0.9	1.2	0.7
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Multiple visible minorities	65	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,585	4,010	4,575	90.8	90.9	90.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,005	500	500	10.6	11.3	9.9
English	3,385	1,565	1,815	35.8	35.5	36.0
Irish	2,305	995	1,310	24.4	22.6	26.0
Scottish	2,665	1,210	1,455	28.2	27.4	28.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	845	365	480	8.9	8.3	9.5
German	1,375	615	760	14.6	13.9	15.1
Chinese	200	100	100	2.1	2.3	2.0
Italian	265	155	110	2.8	3.5	2.2
Indian (India)	85	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.0
Ukrainian	410	195	215	4.3	4.4	4.3
Dutch	410	170	245	4.3	3.9	4.9
Polish	410	195	210	4.3	4.4	4.2
Québécois	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	655	340	315	6.9	7.7	6.3
Filipino	175	75	100	1.9	1.7	2.0
French Canadian	70	40	30	0.7	0.9	0.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	145	60	85	1.5	1.4	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	145	60	85	1.5	1.4	1.7
Métis	265	140	130	2.8	3.2	2.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	70	70	1.5	1.6	1.4
Russian	270	130	140	2.9	2.9	2.8
Norwegian	405	145	255	4.3	3.3	5.1
Welsh	345	145	200	3.7	3.3	4.0
Portuguese	85	35	45	0.9	0.8	0.9
American	205	90	120	2.2	2.0	2.4
Spanish	150	65	85	1.6	1.5	1.7
Swedish	365	175	190	3.9	4.0	3.8
Hungarian	160	85	70	1.7	1.9	1.4
Acadian	40	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jewish	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
Jamaican	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	70	30	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
Korean	60	30	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Romanian	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Lebanese	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Danish	160	90	70	1.7	2.0	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	115	35	85	1.2	0.8	1.7
Belgian	70	40	30	0.7	0.9	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mennonite	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swiss	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
Finnish	115	75	40	1.2	1.7	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Japanese	120	70	50	1.3	1.6	1.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	20	65	0.9	0.5	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	95	25	65	1.0	0.6	1.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	75	30	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
South African	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Australian	55	35	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Palestinian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
British Columbian	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Estonian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,450	4,410	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	130	50	75	1.4	1.1	1.5
Christian	3,140	1,345	1,795	33.2	30.5	35.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	665	295	375	7.0	6.7	7.4
Anabaptist	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Anglican	510	210	300	5.4	4.8	6.0
Baptist	135	70	70	1.4	1.6	1.4
Catholic	890	390	495	9.4	8.8	9.8
Christian Orthodox	50	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.8
Jehovah's Witness	70	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Latter Day Saints	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lutheran	75	40	30	0.8	0.9	0.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Presbyterian	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	370	120	250	3.9	2.7	5.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	200	100	95	2.1	2.3	1.9
Hindu	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jewish	60	35	30	0.6	0.8	0.6
Muslim	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Sikh	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	30	100	1.4	0.7	2.0
No religion and secular perspectives	5,905	2,935	2,965	62.5	66.6	58.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,415	4,390	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,080	3,750	4,330	85.8	85.4	86.3
Movers	1,335	640	695	14.2	14.6	13.8
Non-migrants	600	280	320	6.4	6.4	6.4
Migrants	735	360	375	7.8	8.2	7.5
Internal migrants	710	345	365	7.5	7.9	7.3
Intraprovincial migrants	655	320	335	7.0	7.3	6.7
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
External migrants	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,145	4,265	4,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,055	2,355	2,695	55.3	55.2	55.2
Movers	4,095	1,905	2,185	44.8	44.7	44.7
Non-migrants	760	345	415	8.3	8.1	8.5
Migrants	3,330	1,560	1,770	36.4	36.6	36.2
Internal migrants	3,180	1,495	1,680	34.8	35.1	34.4
Intraprovincial migrants	2,840	1,330	1,505	31.1	31.2	30.8
Interprovincial migrants	340	165	180	3.7	3.9	3.7
External migrants	155	65	90	1.7	1.5	1.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,295	3,815	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,140	645	495	13.7	16.9	11.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,150	3,170	3,985	86.2	83.1	89.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,745	2,140	2,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410	250	165	8.6	11.7	6.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,330	1,895	2,440	91.3	88.6	93.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,290	3,820	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	505	425	11.2	13.2	9.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,270	1,000	1,275	27.4	26.2	28.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,085	2,310	2,775	61.3	60.5	62.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,825	1,375	1,450	34.1	36.0	32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	775	590	190	9.3	15.4	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325	200	130	3.9	5.2	2.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	455	395	60	5.5	10.3	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,670	685	990	20.1	17.9	22.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	100	275	4.5	2.6	6.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,260	935	1,325	27.3	24.5	29.6
Bachelor's degree	1,420	590	830	17.1	15.4	18.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	190	65	120	2.3	1.7	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	545	235	310	6.6	6.2	6.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	35	50	1.1	0.9	1.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,745	2,140	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	320	205	115	6.7	9.6	4.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,325	595	735	27.9	27.8	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,100	1,345	1,760	65.3	62.9	67.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,720	805	915	36.2	37.6	35.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	415	300	115	8.7	14.0	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	180	100	85	3.8	4.7	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	235	195	35	5.0	9.1	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,070	440	630	22.6	20.6	24.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	60	175	5.1	2.8	6.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,380	540	840	29.1	25.2	32.3
Bachelor's degree	895	345	545	18.9	16.1	21.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	70	2.3	1.9	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Master's degree	325	145	185	6.8	6.8	7.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,290	3,820	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,205	1,505	1,700	38.7	39.4	38.0
Education	485	90	395	5.9	2.4	8.8
13. Education	485	90	395	5.9	2.4	8.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	100	185	3.5	2.6	4.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	245	70	180	3.0	1.8	4.0
Humanities	295	105	190	3.6	2.7	4.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	110	20	90	1.3	0.5	2.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
54. History	70	30	45	0.8	0.8	1.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	655	235	420	7.9	6.2	9.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	60	1.0	0.7	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	20	85	1.2	0.5	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	75	30	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
42. Psychology	115	30	85	1.4	0.8	1.9
45. Social sciences	245	110	140	3.0	2.9	3.1
Business, management and public administration	870	330	535	10.5	8.6	12.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	50	0.8	0.4	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	795	315	480	9.6	8.2	10.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	80	60	1.7	2.1	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	10	40	0.7	0.3	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	40	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	85	60	1.7	2.2	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	55	20	1.0	1.4	0.4
25. Library science	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	945	890	50	11.4	23.3	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	40	40	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
14. Engineering	185	175	10	2.2	4.6	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	220	185	30	2.7	4.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	240	240	0	2.9	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	165	165	0	2.0	4.3	0.0
48. Precision production	95	90	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	110	60	2.1	2.9	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	70	20	1.1	1.8	0.4
Health and related fields	780	100	680	9.4	2.6	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	35	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	700	65	630	8.4	1.7	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	325	185	140	3.9	4.8	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	195	65	125	2.4	1.7	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	110	0	1.3	2.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,740	2,145	2,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,640	795	845	34.6	37.1	32.4
Education	250	40	205	5.3	1.9	7.9
13. Education	250	40	205	5.3	1.9	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	70	110	3.7	3.3	4.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	10	0.6	0.9	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	150	45	95	3.2	2.1	3.6
Humanities	180	50	130	3.8	2.3	5.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	65	0	60	1.4	0.0	2.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	10	25	0.7	0.5	1.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	135	280	8.6	6.3	10.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	50	1.3	0.7	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	15	65	1.7	0.7	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
42. Psychology	55	0	50	1.2	0.0	1.9
45. Social sciences	155	70	85	3.3	3.3	3.3
Business, management and public administration	545	220	335	11.5	10.3	12.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	15	30	0.8	0.7	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	505	205	305	10.7	9.6	11.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	30	1.6	1.9	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	65	30	1.9	3.0	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	15	1.3	2.1	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	530	490	40	11.2	22.8	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	25	25	0	0.5	1.2	0.0
14. Engineering	105	100	10	2.2	4.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125	100	25	2.6	4.7	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	130	130	0	2.7	6.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	1.9	4.2	0.0
48. Precision production	50	45	0	1.1	2.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	65	40	2.2	3.0	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	60	25	35	1.3	1.2	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	10	0.9	1.9	0.4
Health and related fields	525	75	450	11.1	3.5	17.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	10	0.6	0.9	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	495	55	440	10.4	2.6	16.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	205	95	105	4.3	4.4	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	40	95	2.8	1.9	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	50	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,740	2,145	2,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	795	845	34.6	37.1	32.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,100	1,345	1,755	65.4	62.7	67.4
Location of study inside Canada	2,595	1,120	1,475	54.7	52.2	56.6
Same as province or territory of residence	2,045	885	1,165	43.1	41.3	44.7
Different than province or territory of residence	545	235	315	11.5	11.0	12.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	505	225	285	10.7	10.5	10.9
Americas	140	65	75	3.0	3.0	2.9
United States of America	115	55	60	2.4	2.6	2.3
Mexico	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Europe	180	90	95	3.8	4.2	3.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95	45	50	2.0	2.1	1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	15	25	0.8	0.7	1.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	120	40	80	2.5	1.9	3.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	20	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	25	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.4
Philippines	60	20	40	1.3	0.9	1.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	25	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.6
Australia	25	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.6
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,290	3,820	4,475	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,635	2,250	2,390	...	...	...
Employed	4,310	2,090	2,220	...	...	...
Unemployed	325	155	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,655	1,570	2,085	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.9	58.9	53.4	55.9	58.9	53.4
Employment rate	52.0	54.7	49.6	52.0	54.7	49.6
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.9	7.1	7.0	6.9	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,290	3,820	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,535	1,510	2,025	42.6	39.5	45.3
Worked	4,760	2,305	2,450	57.4	60.3	54.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,130	1,190	940	25.7	31.2	21.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,630	1,115	1,510	31.7	29.2	33.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.4	39.2	39.8	40.4	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,635	2,245	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	1.4	1.6	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,570	2,215	2,355	98.6	98.7	98.7
Employee	3,220	1,515	1,705	69.5	67.5	71.5
Permanent position	2,725	1,305	1,420	58.8	58.1	59.5
Temporary position	500	210	290	10.8	9.4	12.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	160	65	90	3.5	2.9	3.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	340	140	195	7.3	6.2	8.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,345	700	645	29.0	31.2	27.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,635	2,245	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	1.4	1.6	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,570	2,215	2,355	98.6	98.7	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	40	20	1.3	1.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	650	215	435	14.0	9.6	18.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	325	275	55	7.0	12.2	2.3
3 Health occupations	445	60	385	9.6	2.7	16.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	575	155	425	12.4	6.9	17.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	290	105	180	6.3	4.7	7.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,145	425	715	24.7	18.9	30.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	805	735	65	17.4	32.7	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	80	40	2.5	3.6	1.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	160	125	35	3.5	5.6	1.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,635	2,245	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	1.4	1.6	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	4,570	2,215	2,355	98.6	98.7	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	65	15	1.7	2.9	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	45	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
22 Utilities	20	20	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	445	385	60	9.6	17.1	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	285	225	55	6.1	10.0	2.3
41 Wholesale trade	60	35	25	1.3	1.6	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	595	250	340	12.8	11.1	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	165	80	5.2	7.3	3.4
51 Information and cultural industries	105	70	40	2.3	3.1	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	125	55	70	2.7	2.4	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	30	40	1.5	1.3	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	545	305	240	11.8	13.6	10.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	215	100	115	4.6	4.5	4.8
61 Educational services	365	75	290	7.9	3.3	12.2
62 Health care and social assistance	600	85	515	12.9	3.8	21.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	45	60	2.3	2.0	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	305	130	175	6.6	5.8	7.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	155	40	115	3.3	1.8	4.8
91 Public administration	200	85	110	4.3	3.8	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,160	2,505	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,055	2,435	2,610	98.0	97.2	98.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	30	1.4	1.4	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,160	2,505	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,135	2,500	2,635	99.5	99.8	99.2
Official languages	5,130	2,495	2,635	99.4	99.6	99.2
English	5,130	2,495	2,630	99.4	99.6	99.1
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,160	2,505	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,070	2,445	2,625	98.3	97.6	98.9
English	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
French	25	25	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Non-official language	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,310	2,090	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,085	505	580	25.2	24.2	26.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	745	515	230	17.3	24.6	10.4
Usual place of work	2,475	1,070	1,405	57.4	51.2	63.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,475	1,070	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	810	325	480	32.7	30.4	34.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,385	585	800	56.0	54.7	56.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	265	140	120	10.7	13.1	8.5
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.8	1.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,220	1,580	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,545	1,280	1,265	79.0	81.0	77.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,355	1,190	1,170	73.1	75.3	71.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	190	95	95	5.9	6.0	5.8
Public transit	165	45	120	5.1	2.8	7.3
Walked	305	130	180	9.5	8.2	11.0
Bicycle	45	30	15	1.4	1.9	0.9
Other method	160	100	60	5.0	6.3	3.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,220	1,580	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,540	625	915	47.8	39.6	55.8
15 to 29 minutes	970	545	420	30.1	34.5	25.6
30 to 44 minutes	445	235	215	13.8	14.9	13.1
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	15	0.8	0.6	0.9
60 minutes and over	235	160	75	7.3	10.1	4.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,220	1,580	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235	165	70	7.3	10.4	4.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	520	335	185	16.1	21.2	11.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	665	355	310	20.7	22.5	18.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	820	285	530	25.5	18.0	32.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	210	350	17.5	13.3	21.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	415	225	190	12.9	14.2	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,435	735	700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	60	65	8.7	8.2	9.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,310	680	635	91.3	92.5	90.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,095	560	535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	45	50	9.1	8.0	9.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	25	4.1	3.6	4.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	30	30	4.6	5.4	5.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,000	515	480	91.3	92.0	89.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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