Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Fort St. JohnMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	28,729	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	28,396	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,054	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,592	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	46.5	...	...	46.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	617.73	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	28,730	14,825	13,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,100	3,165	2,935	21.2	21.3	21.1
0 to 4 years	2,085	1,050	1,025	7.3	7.1	7.4
5 to 9 years	2,000	1,050	955	7.0	7.1	6.9
10 to 14 years	2,020	1,065	955	7.0	7.2	6.9
15 to 64 years	19,905	10,350	9,560	69.3	69.8	68.8
15 to 19 years	1,730	905	820	6.0	6.1	5.9
20 to 24 years	1,980	1,055	920	6.9	7.1	6.6
25 to 29 years	2,520	1,325	1,195	8.8	8.9	8.6
30 to 34 years	2,610	1,365	1,240	9.1	9.2	8.9
35 to 39 years	2,465	1,260	1,200	8.6	8.5	8.6
40 to 44 years	2,025	1,040	985	7.0	7.0	7.1
45 to 49 years	1,755	920	840	6.1	6.2	6.0
50 to 54 years	1,675	855	820	5.8	5.8	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,675	860	820	5.8	5.8	5.9
60 to 64 years	1,470	760	710	5.1	5.1	5.1
65 years and over	2,720	1,315	1,410	9.5	8.9	10.1
65 to 69 years	1,075	540	535	3.7	3.6	3.8
70 to 74 years	670	340	330	2.3	2.3	2.4
75 to 79 years	445	210	235	1.5	1.4	1.7
80 to 84 years	295	145	150	1.0	1.0	1.1
85 years and over	240	85	155	0.8	0.6	1.1
85 to 89 years	135	50	90	0.5	0.3	0.6
90 to 94 years	75	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.2	21.3	21.1	21.2	21.3	21.1
15 to 64 years	69.3	69.8	68.8	69.3	69.8	68.8
65 years and over	9.5	8.9	10.1	9.5	8.9	10.1
85 years and over	0.8	0.6	1.1	0.8	0.6	1.1
Average age of the population	35.3	34.9	35.7	35.3	34.9	35.7
Median age of the population	34.0	33.6	34.4	34.0	33.6	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,425	...	...	55.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,010	...	...	8.7	...	...
Row house	920	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	240	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,735	...	...	15.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	145	...	...	1.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,105	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,305	...	...	28.5	...	...
2 persons	3,850	...	...	33.2	...	...
3 persons	1,850	...	...	16.0	...	...
4 persons	1,590	...	...	13.7	...	...
5 or more persons	990	...	...	8.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	22,625	11,665	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,285	6,685	6,600	58.7	57.3	60.2
Married	9,965	5,020	4,940	44.0	43.0	45.1
Living common-law	3,320	1,660	1,660	14.7	14.2	15.1
Living common law - Never married	2,595	1,300	1,290	11.5	11.1	11.8
Living common law - Separated	145	70	80	0.6	0.6	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	535	270	260	2.4	2.3	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	9,345	4,985	4,365	41.3	42.7	39.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,685	3,935	2,750	29.5	33.7	25.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	720	325	390	3.2	2.8	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,220	565	655	5.4	4.8	6.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	725	155	570	3.2	1.3	5.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,705	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,760	...	...	48.8	...	...
3 persons	1,670	...	...	21.7	...	...
4 persons	1,475	...	...	19.1	...	...
5 or more persons	805	...	...	10.4	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,485	...	...	84.1	...	...
Married couples	4,825	...	...	62.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,670	...	...	34.6	...	...
Without children	2,160	...	...	28.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,660	...	...	21.5	...	...
With children⁶	760	...	...	9.9	...	...
Without children	900	...	...	11.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,225	...	...	15.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	890	...	...	11.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	335	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,805	11,430	11,380	80.2	77.7	82.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,970	6,495	6,475	45.6	44.2	47.2
Parents in one-parent families	1,220	335	885	4.3	2.3	6.4
Children⁶	8,615	4,605	4,010	30.3	31.3	29.2
In a two-parent family	6,675	3,550	3,130	23.5	24.1	22.8
In a one-parent family	1,935	1,060	880	6.8	7.2	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,620	3,275	2,350	19.8	22.3	17.1
Living alone	3,305	1,900	1,400	11.6	12.9	10.2
Living with other relatives⁷	635	315	315	2.2	2.1	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	1,685	1,055	625	5.9	7.2	4.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,915	...	...	59.7	...	...
Couple-family households	5,950	...	...	51.3	...	...
With children⁶	3,175	...	...	27.4	...	...
Without children	2,770	...	...	23.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	970	...	...	8.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	180	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	420	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	720	...	...	6.2	...	...
One-person households	3,305	...	...	28.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	22,330	11,540	10,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,490	11,150	10,345	96.2	96.6	95.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	71,000	39,200	52,000	71,000	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,500	11,150	10,350	96.3	96.6	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	60,800	36,400	46,800	60,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,655	10,545	9,110	88.0	91.4	84.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	70,500	33,200	50,000	70,500	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,820	9,745	8,075	79.8	84.4	74.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	71,000	35,200	51,200	71,000	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,815	7,245	8,570	70.8	62.8	79.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	6,850	8,500	7,800	6,850	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,445	1,235	1,210	10.9	10.7	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,640	6,280	6,000	5,640	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,705	2,810	2,895	25.5	24.4	26.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	22,330	11,540	10,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,445	11,095	10,350	96.0	96.1	95.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,700	81,200	47,080	64,700	81,200	47,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,445	11,095	10,350	96.0	96.1	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,500	65,100	41,080	53,500	65,100	41,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,640	10,485	9,155	88.0	90.9	84.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,600	79,500	43,240	62,600	79,500	43,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,820	9,760	8,050	79.8	84.6	74.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,250	78,000	43,200	62,250	78,000	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,885	7,250	8,640	71.1	62.8	80.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,990	9,260	10,600	9,990	9,260	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,500	1,290	1,210	11.2	11.2	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,510	7,380	7,640	7,510	7,380	7,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,520	2,695	2,825	24.7	23.4	26.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,530	8,310	8,740	8,530	8,310	8,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	22,330	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,390	5,010	3,385	37.6	43.4	31.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	90,000	60,000	76,000	90,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,800	100,800	66,000	86,800	100,800	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,545	3,870	3,680	33.8	33.5	34.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	44,800	21,000	29,000	44,800	21,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,520	56,800	27,480	42,520	56,800	27,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.6	92.6	81.2	88.6	92.6	81.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	80.0	84.6	71.4	80.0	84.6	71.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.4	7.4	18.8	11.4	7.4	18.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.9	1.4	1.1	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	2.9	6.4	4.2	2.9	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.5	5.1	3.4	2.5	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	22,335	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	835	390	445	3.7	3.4	4.1
With total income	21,495	11,150	10,345	96.2	96.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,900	660	1,240	8.8	5.9	12.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,755	600	1,155	8.2	5.4	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,415	875	1,535	11.2	7.8	14.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,160	815	1,345	10.0	7.3	13.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,115	835	1,280	9.8	7.5	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,845	845	1,005	8.6	7.6	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,640	845	795	7.6	7.6	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,345	820	530	6.3	7.4	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,185	785	395	5.5	7.0	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,085	755	325	5.0	6.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	4,050	3,310	735	18.8	29.7	7.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,630	2,085	550	12.2	18.7	5.3
$150,000 and over	1,415	1,225	190	6.6	11.0	1.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	22,335	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	830	390	445	3.7	3.4	4.1
With after-tax income	21,500	11,155	10,350	96.3	96.7	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,945	680	1,270	9.0	6.1	12.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,850	630	1,220	8.6	5.6	11.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,725	1,010	1,715	12.7	9.1	16.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,625	1,030	1,590	12.2	9.2	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,425	1,030	1,395	11.3	9.2	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,125	1,065	10.2	10.1	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,800	1,105	695	8.4	9.9	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,545	1,030	515	7.2	9.2	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	890	355	5.8	8.0	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	815	655	165	3.8	5.9	1.6
$100,000 and over	2,335	1,975	360	10.9	17.7	3.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,265	1,060	210	5.9	9.5	2.0
$125,000 and over	1,070	915	155	5.0	8.2	1.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	22,335	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,515	1,795	2,715	20.2	15.6	25.2
With employment income	17,820	9,745	8,075	79.8	84.4	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,635	660	975	9.2	6.8	12.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,005	355	650	5.6	3.6	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,595	605	995	9.0	6.2	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,605	620	985	9.0	6.4	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,380	580	795	7.7	6.0	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,470	605	865	8.2	6.2	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,375	665	710	7.7	6.8	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,255	695	560	7.0	7.1	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	720	415	6.4	7.4	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	960	660	300	5.4	6.8	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	925	665	270	5.2	6.8	3.3
$100,000 and over	3,470	2,910	555	19.5	29.9	6.9
$100,000 to $124,999	1,445	1,140	305	8.1	11.7	3.8
$125,000 and over	2,025	1,770	255	11.4	18.2	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	22,330	11,540	10,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,005	10,920	10,085	94.1	94.6	93.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,600	73,000	36,400	51,600	73,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,070	10,935	10,135	94.4	94.8	93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	61,200	32,800	45,200	61,200	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,575	10,505	9,065	87.7	91.0	84.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,600	73,500	35,200	51,600	73,500	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,995	9,825	8,165	80.6	85.1	75.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	73,000	36,000	52,400	73,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,745	4,765	6,980	52.6	41.3	64.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,440	2,840	5,360	4,440	2,840	5,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,910	895	1,020	8.6	7.8	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,160	7,150	5,800	5,160	7,150
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	22,330	11,540	10,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,005	10,885	10,120	94.1	94.3	93.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	83,900	44,320	64,800	83,900	44,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,090	10,895	10,190	94.4	94.4	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,450	66,100	37,880	52,450	66,100	37,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,615	10,465	9,150	87.8	90.7	84.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,800	83,900	42,920	64,800	83,900	42,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,025	9,790	8,235	80.7	84.8	76.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,100	81,100	41,600	63,100	81,100	41,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,695	4,610	7,090	52.4	39.9	65.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,720	7,540	7,840	7,720	7,540	7,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,925	885	1,040	8.6	7.7	9.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,330	6,400	8,120	7,330	6,400	8,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	22,330	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,345	4,965	3,380	37.4	43.0	31.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	91,000	55,200	72,000	91,000	55,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,800	100,100	59,900	83,800	100,100	59,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,220	3,720	3,505	32.3	32.2	32.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,200	56,800	25,600	37,200	56,800	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	49,600	66,500	31,680	49,600	66,500	31,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	96.2	87.6	93.4	96.2	87.6
Employment income (%)	83.6	87.0	76.4	83.6	87.0	76.4
Government transfers (%)	6.6	3.8	12.4	6.6	3.8	12.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.6	1.9	1.0	0.6	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,700	...	...	119,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...	68,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,100	...	...	57,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...	115,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	290	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	325	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	300	...	...	2.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	655	...	...	5.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	620	...	...	5.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	705	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	655	...	...	5.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	645	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,155	...	...	53.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,540	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,310	...	...	11.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,740	...	...	15.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,570	...	...	13.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	300	...	...	2.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	295	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	315	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	365	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	390	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	785	...	...	6.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	815	...	...	7.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	850	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	780	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	790	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,110	...	...	44.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,800	...	...	15.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,330	...	...	11.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,985	...	...	17.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,985	2,960	2,035	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,600	61,600	43,600	53,600	61,600	43,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	53,600	39,600	47,200	53,600	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,730	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,400	...	...	139,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,200	...	...	132,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,400	...	...	133,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,160	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,400	...	...	73,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,955	2,875	2,080	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,650	69,700	52,900	62,650	69,700	52,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,600	57,450	45,920	52,600	57,450	45,920
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,130	3,700	3,430	25.1	25.2	25.0
0 to 5 years	2,500	1,275	1,225	8.8	8.7	8.9
18 to 64 years	18,755	9,755	9,000	66.0	66.3	65.6
65 years and over	2,550	1,250	1,300	9.0	8.5	9.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,215	1,025	1,190	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	665	360	310	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	245	125	115	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,215	550	670	...	...	...
65 years and over	335	120	210	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8	7.0	8.7	7.8	7.0	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	9.6	9.0	9.3	9.6	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	10.0	9.6	9.8	10.0	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	5.6	7.5	6.5	5.6	7.5
65 years and over (%)	13.1	9.8	16.2	13.1	9.8	16.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,130	3,700	3,430	25.1	25.2	25.0
0 to 5 years	2,500	1,275	1,225	8.8	8.7	8.9
18 to 64 years	18,755	9,755	9,000	66.0	66.3	65.6
65 years and over	2,545	1,245	1,295	9.0	8.5	9.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	805	420	385	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	215	115	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	550	290	260	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	20	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.7	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,940	5,350	5,590	38.5	36.4	40.7
In bottom decile	2,175	1,050	1,130	7.7	7.1	8.2
In second decile	1,975	940	1,035	6.9	6.4	7.5
In third decile	1,975	950	1,020	6.9	6.5	7.4
In fourth decile	2,240	1,115	1,125	7.9	7.6	8.2
In fifth decile	2,575	1,300	1,280	9.1	8.8	9.3
In top half of the distribution	17,490	9,355	8,135	61.5	63.6	59.3
In sixth decile	2,945	1,525	1,420	10.4	10.4	10.3
In seventh decile	3,315	1,755	1,565	11.7	11.9	11.4
In eighth decile	3,475	1,850	1,625	12.2	12.6	11.8
In ninth decile	3,830	2,040	1,795	13.5	13.9	13.1
In top decile	3,925	2,185	1,740	13.8	14.9	12.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	28,430	...	...	28,430	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.373	...	...	0.373	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	27,115	14,110	13,000	95.1	95.7	94.4
French only	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,300	595	705	4.6	4.0	5.1
Neither English nor French	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	28,165	14,560	13,605	98.8	98.7	98.8
French	235	140	100	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,830	14,400	13,425	97.6	97.6	97.5
Official languages	25,005	12,995	12,015	87.7	88.1	87.3
English	24,755	12,860	11,900	86.8	87.2	86.5
French	250	135	110	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-official languages	2,820	1,400	1,415	9.9	9.5	10.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,780	1,390	1,395	9.7	9.4	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	50	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arabic	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	685	285	400	2.4	1.9	2.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	575	240	335	2.0	1.6	2.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	105	65	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,580	825	750	5.5	5.6	5.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	110	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	230	105	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	145	65	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	480	245	240	1.7	1.7	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	350	170	180	1.2	1.2	1.3
German	325	160	165	1.1	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	650	365	280	2.3	2.5	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	630	355	270	2.2	2.4	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	75	50	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	395	225	175	1.4	1.5	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	105	100	0.7	0.7	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	30	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	695	355	340	2.4	2.4	2.5
English and French	105	60	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	505	260	250	1.8	1.8	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,490	13,250	12,240	89.4	89.8	88.9
French	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	640	330	310	2.2	2.2	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	635	330	305	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	155	75	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	2,085	1,020	1,065	7.3	6.9	7.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	28,005	14,500	13,510	98.2	98.3	98.1
Official languages	26,580	13,770	12,810	93.2	93.4	93.1
English	26,510	13,735	12,775	93.0	93.1	92.8
French	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	1,430	725	700	5.0	4.9	5.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,420	730	690	5.0	4.9	5.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	390	180	210	1.4	1.2	1.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	155	175	1.2	1.1	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	760	400	360	2.7	2.7	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	475	255	215	1.7	1.7	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	465	255	205	1.6	1.7	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	180	150	1.1	1.2	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	515	255	260	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	480	235	240	1.7	1.6	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	28,520	14,750	13,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,605	13,815	12,785	93.3	93.7	92.9
English	595	290	300	2.1	2.0	2.2
French	130	60	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	875	420	450	3.1	2.8	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	840	410	435	2.9	2.8	3.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	160	90	75	0.6	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	140	65	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	28,310	14,640	13,670	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	28,305	14,640	13,660	99.6	99.6	99.5
French	1,225	575	655	4.3	3.9	4.8
Non-official languages	4,260	2,235	2,025	15.0	15.2	14.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,165	2,200	1,965	14.7	15.0	14.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	35	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Amharic	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	990	450	540	3.5	3.1	3.9
Bikol	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	935	435	500	3.3	3.0	3.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	145	105	35	0.5	0.7	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	110	75	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
Tamil	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,475	1,385	1,085	8.7	9.4	7.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	285	195	1.7	1.9	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	480	280	195	1.7	1.9	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Russian	325	185	145	1.1	1.3	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	100	70	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	720	380	340	2.5	2.6	2.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	575	305	265	2.0	2.1	1.9
German	545	305	245	1.9	2.1	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	135	70	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	90	55	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	925	535	395	3.3	3.6	2.9
Indo-Aryan languages	910	520	395	3.2	3.5	2.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	70	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	460	250	210	1.6	1.7	1.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	640	350	285	2.3	2.4	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Urdu	105	60	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	275	185	1.6	1.9	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	85	60	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Romanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	310	180	135	1.1	1.2	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	110	50	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	145	55	90	0.5	0.4	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	85	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Chinese languages	120	85	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	55	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	95	65	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,745	1,860	1,885	13.2	12.6	13.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,645	1,810	1,835	12.8	12.3	13.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,880	905	975	6.6	6.2	7.1
Métis	1,685	865	820	5.9	5.9	6.0
Inuk (Inuit)	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	24,685	12,845	11,840	86.8	87.4	86.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,320	645	675	4.6	4.4	4.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,110	14,055	13,050	95.4	95.6	95.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,435	...	...	64.1	...	...
Renter	4,155	...	...	35.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	830	...	...	7.2	...	...
Not condominium	10,760	...	...	92.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	965	...	...	8.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,750	...	...	23.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,850	...	...	33.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,975	...	...	34.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,890	...	...	24.9	...	...
5 rooms	1,885	...	...	16.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,765	...	...	15.2	...	...
7 rooms	1,480	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,570	...	...	30.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,350	...	...	97.9	...	...
More than one person per room	240	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,140	...	...	96.1	...	...
Not suitable	450	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	750	...	...	6.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,985	...	...	34.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,165	...	...	10.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,625	...	...	14.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	855	...	...	7.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,085	...	...	9.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,310	...	...	11.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	820	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,695	...	...	92.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	900	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,185	...	...	53.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,865	...	...	42.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	545	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	700	...	...	6.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,670	...	...	23.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,615	...	...	22.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,025	...	...	17.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,970	...	...	17.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,045	...	...	9.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	445	...	...	3.8	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,660	...	...	84.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,850	...	...	16.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,645	...	...	14.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,960	...	...	25.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,635	...	...	14.1	...	...
Not suitable only	385	...	...	3.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	695	...	...	6.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	170	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,630	...	...	74.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	630	...	...	5.6	...	...
Not in core need	10,680	...	...	94.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,370	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.0	...	...	72.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,680	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,644	...	...	1,644	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	368,000	...	...	368,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	409,600	...	...	409,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,155	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.1	...	...	25.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	1,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,245	...	...	1,245	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,535	750	780	5.4	5.1	5.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,455	735	720	5.1	5.0	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,025	500	530	3.6	3.4	3.9
Métis single ancestry	375	215	165	1.3	1.5	1.2
Inuit single ancestry	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	75	20	55	0.3	0.1	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	75	20	55	0.3	0.1	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,495	1,190	1,300	8.8	8.1	9.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,380	1,160	1,220	8.4	7.9	8.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,505	760	750	5.3	5.2	5.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	830	385	445	2.9	2.6	3.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	110	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	24,410	12,755	11,650	85.9	86.7	84.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	26,105	13,475	12,630	91.8	91.6	92.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,895	3,585	3,310	24.3	24.4	24.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,205	9,890	9,315	67.6	67.3	67.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,330	1,235	1,100	8.2	8.4	8.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	24,685	12,820	11,865	86.8	87.2	86.4
Immigrants⁸¹	3,025	1,460	1,565	10.6	9.9	11.4
Before 1980	410	190	220	1.4	1.3	1.6
1980 to 1990	135	50	80	0.5	0.3	0.6
1991 to 2000	275	140	135	1.0	1.0	1.0
2001 to 2010	580	255	330	2.0	1.7	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,625	825	800	5.7	5.6	5.8
2011 to 2015	695	305	385	2.4	2.1	2.8
2016 to 2021	930	520	410	3.3	3.5	3.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	720	425	295	2.5	2.9	2.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,025	1,460	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	240	90	145	7.9	6.2	9.2
5 to 14 years	590	315	270	19.5	21.6	17.2
15 to 24 years	540	280	260	17.9	19.2	16.6
25 to 44 years	1,450	670	780	47.9	45.9	49.7
45 years and over	205	100	105	6.8	6.8	6.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,025	1,460	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	505	225	280	16.7	15.4	17.8
Brazil	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.6
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	80	35	40	2.6	2.4	2.5
Mexico	50	10	40	1.7	0.7	2.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	320	145	180	10.6	9.9	11.5
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	0.8	1.0	0.6
Europe	670	335	330	22.1	22.9	21.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	225	90	130	7.4	6.2	8.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Romania	15	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	65	20	50	2.1	1.4	3.2
Serbia⁸⁶	10	10	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Ukraine	50	30	20	1.7	2.1	1.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	155	90	60	5.1	6.2	3.8
Other places of birth in Europe	95	55	40	3.1	3.8	2.5
Africa	190	90	105	6.3	6.2	6.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	10	0.8	1.0	0.6
Nigeria	100	45	60	3.3	3.1	3.8
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	1.0	0.7	1.3
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Asia	1,615	785	830	53.4	53.8	52.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.6
China⁹⁰	50	30	15	1.7	2.1	1.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	60	25	30	2.0	1.7	1.9
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	845	370	475	27.9	25.3	30.3
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	405	230	170	13.4	15.8	10.8
Pakistan	75	40	35	2.5	2.7	2.2
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Other places of birth in Asia	95	45	50	3.1	3.1	3.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	25	20	1.5	1.7	1.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	930	520	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	140	75	70	15.1	14.4	17.1
Brazil	15	10	10	1.6	1.9	2.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	40	30	15	4.3	5.8	3.7
Mexico	20	0	20	2.2	0.0	4.9
United States of America	50	20	30	5.4	3.8	7.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Europe	90	70	25	9.7	13.5	6.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	2.2	1.9	2.4
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	10	2.7	3.8	2.4
Africa	30	10	15	3.2	1.9	3.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	30	10	15	3.2	1.9	3.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	650	350	300	69.9	67.3	73.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	240	155	85	25.8	29.8	20.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	15	3.2	1.9	3.7
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	350	180	175	37.6	34.6	42.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	1.6	0.0	3.7
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,890	1,980	1,910	13.7	13.5	13.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,795	1,930	1,865	13.3	13.1	13.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	20,745	10,795	9,950	73.0	73.4	72.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,615	1,270	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,795	900	895	68.6	70.9	66.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	820	475	350	31.4	37.4	25.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	975	425	550	37.3	33.5	40.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	725	310	415	27.7	24.4	30.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	50	25	2.7	3.9	1.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	10	1.0	0.8	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,615	1,270	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	30	10	1.3	2.4	0.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	600	230	370	22.9	18.1	27.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	85	50	35	3.3	3.9	2.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	315	215	100	12.0	16.9	7.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,570	735	835	60.0	57.9	61.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,575	1,790	1,790	12.6	12.2	13.0
South Asian	1,120	650	470	3.9	4.4	3.4
Chinese	175	95	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
Black	435	205	235	1.5	1.4	1.7
Filipino	1,190	505	690	4.2	3.4	5.0
Arab	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latin American	120	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	110	35	75	0.4	0.2	0.5
West Asian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	125	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	60	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	120	75	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,860	12,920	11,940	87.4	87.9	87.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,005	2,740	2,265	17.6	18.6	16.5
English	5,630	2,725	2,910	19.8	18.5	21.2
Irish	4,590	2,135	2,455	16.1	14.5	17.9
Scottish	5,235	2,615	2,615	18.4	17.8	19.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,740	1,340	1,400	9.6	9.1	10.2
German	5,295	2,740	2,560	18.6	18.6	18.7
Chinese	345	205	145	1.2	1.4	1.1
Italian	580	305	275	2.0	2.1	2.0
Indian (India)	665	400	270	2.3	2.7	2.0
Ukrainian	1,740	890	845	6.1	6.1	6.2
Dutch	1,020	555	465	3.6	3.8	3.4
Polish	730	350	375	2.6	2.4	2.7
Québécois	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	815	450	370	2.9	3.1	2.7
Filipino	1,060	465	595	3.7	3.2	4.3
French Canadian	305	155	145	1.1	1.1	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	800	400	405	2.8	2.7	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,115	510	600	3.9	3.5	4.4
Métis	1,390	645	745	4.9	4.4	5.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	750	380	370	2.6	2.6	2.7
Russian	970	550	420	3.4	3.7	3.1
Norwegian	1,390	660	725	4.9	4.5	5.3
Welsh	645	310	330	2.3	2.1	2.4
Portuguese	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
American	600	300	300	2.1	2.0	2.2
Spanish	210	95	110	0.7	0.6	0.8
Swedish	785	370	415	2.8	2.5	3.0
Hungarian	180	105	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
Acadian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	85	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	160	95	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jewish	50	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	155	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jamaican	135	75	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	235	115	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	705	340	360	2.5	2.3	2.6
Korean	105	60	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	155	85	75	0.5	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iranian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	150	80	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	305	130	185	1.1	0.9	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	360	170	190	1.3	1.2	1.4
Sikh	105	80	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Austrian	245	170	70	0.9	1.2	0.5
Belgian	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mexican	120	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mennonite	255	140	120	0.9	1.0	0.9
Swiss	260	140	125	0.9	1.0	0.9
Finnish	130	35	95	0.5	0.2	0.7
Sri Lankan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Croatian	50	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Japanese	115	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	345	155	195	1.2	1.1	1.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	200	130	75	0.7	0.9	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czech	115	80	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Newfoundlander	70	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Turkish	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Irish	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	225	120	105	0.8	0.8	0.8
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	40	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	28,430	14,705	13,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian	10,435	5,010	5,425	36.7	34.1	39.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,865	1,910	1,950	13.6	13.0	14.2
Anabaptist	235	120	115	0.8	0.8	0.8
Anglican	575	250	325	2.0	1.7	2.4
Baptist	335	160	180	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catholic	2,900	1,420	1,480	10.2	9.7	10.8
Christian Orthodox	75	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	250	110	145	0.9	0.7	1.1
Latter Day Saints	130	55	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lutheran	280	135	140	1.0	0.9	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	495	215	280	1.7	1.5	2.0
Presbyterian	115	30	90	0.4	0.2	0.7
Reformed	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Church	425	205	225	1.5	1.4	1.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	680	335	345	2.4	2.3	2.5
Hindu	290	145	150	1.0	1.0	1.1
Jewish	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	260	135	120	0.9	0.9	0.9
Sikh	490	280	210	1.7	1.9	1.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	230	85	150	0.8	0.6	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	16,590	8,985	7,600	58.4	61.1	55.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	27,970	14,420	13,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	23,310	12,060	11,250	83.3	83.6	83.1
Movers	4,665	2,360	2,300	16.7	16.4	17.0
Non-migrants	3,120	1,560	1,560	11.2	10.8	11.5
Migrants	1,540	800	740	5.5	5.5	5.5
Internal migrants	1,390	735	655	5.0	5.1	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	925	515	415	3.3	3.6	3.1
Interprovincial migrants	465	225	240	1.7	1.6	1.8
External migrants	150	65	85	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	26,310	13,620	12,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,750	7,205	6,545	52.3	52.9	51.6
Movers	12,560	6,410	6,145	47.7	47.1	48.4
Non-migrants	5,165	2,635	2,535	19.6	19.3	20.0
Migrants	7,395	3,775	3,620	28.1	27.7	28.5
Internal migrants	6,390	3,240	3,150	24.3	23.8	24.8
Intraprovincial migrants	4,715	2,365	2,350	17.9	17.4	18.5
Interprovincial migrants	1,680	875	800	6.4	6.4	6.3
External migrants	1,000	535	465	3.8	3.9	3.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,330	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,825	2,720	2,110	21.6	23.6	19.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,500	8,820	8,685	78.4	76.4	80.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,170	8,330	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,625	1,545	1,080	16.2	18.5	13.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,540	6,785	6,755	83.7	81.5	86.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,330	11,540	10,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,270	2,350	1,920	19.1	20.4	17.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,770	3,775	4,000	34.8	32.7	37.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,290	5,415	4,875	46.1	46.9	45.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,020	4,035	2,985	31.4	35.0	27.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,980	2,400	580	13.3	20.8	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	965	620	345	4.3	5.4	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,015	1,780	235	9.0	15.4	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,480	1,440	2,035	15.6	12.5	18.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	570	195	370	2.6	1.7	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,265	1,375	1,885	14.6	11.9	17.5
Bachelor's degree	2,380	1,000	1,380	10.7	8.7	12.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	120	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	500	190	315	2.2	1.6	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,165	8,335	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,230	1,290	945	13.8	15.5	12.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,335	2,595	2,740	33.0	31.1	35.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,595	4,445	4,150	53.2	53.3	53.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,600	3,215	2,390	34.6	38.6	30.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,405	1,950	455	14.9	23.4	5.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	775	500	275	4.8	6.0	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,630	1,445	185	10.1	17.3	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,780	1,135	1,640	17.2	13.6	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	130	290	2.6	1.6	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,990	1,230	1,755	18.5	14.8	22.4
Bachelor's degree	2,205	910	1,290	13.6	10.9	16.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	100	115	1.4	1.2	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	465	165	295	2.9	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	22,335	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,045	6,125	5,920	53.9	53.1	54.9
Education	645	100	545	2.9	0.9	5.1
13. Education	645	100	545	2.9	0.9	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	150	75	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	45	75	0.6	0.4	0.7
Humanities	395	185	205	1.8	1.6	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	55	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	65	35	0.5	0.6	0.3
54. History	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	735	240	500	3.3	2.1	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	10	165	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	80	15	65	0.4	0.1	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	150	30	120	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	250	155	90	1.1	1.3	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,930	620	1,310	8.6	5.4	12.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	30	155	0.8	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,730	590	1,140	7.7	5.1	10.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	145	155	1.3	1.3	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	35	90	0.6	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	100	65	40	0.4	0.6	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	100	110	0.9	0.9	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	90	80	0.8	0.8	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,555	3,215	340	15.9	27.9	3.2
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	350	270	75	1.6	2.3	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	825	740	85	3.7	6.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	905	890	10	4.1	7.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,025	935	95	4.6	8.1	0.9
48. Precision production	415	370	50	1.9	3.2	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	220	195	1.9	1.9	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	55	85	0.6	0.5	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	165	115	1.2	1.4	1.1
Health and related fields	1,265	205	1,060	5.7	1.8	9.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,155	155	1,000	5.2	1.3	9.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	305	370	3.0	2.6	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	410	70	340	1.8	0.6	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	195	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,165	8,330	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,570	3,885	3,685	46.8	46.6	47.1
Education	535	75	460	3.3	0.9	5.9
13. Education	535	75	460	3.3	0.9	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	65	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Humanities	315	135	175	1.9	1.6	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	60	10	50	0.4	0.1	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	60	0.5	0.2	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	60	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
54. History	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	635	190	440	3.9	2.3	5.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145	0.9	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	70	0	60	0.4	0.0	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	110	0	105	0.7	0.0	1.3
45. Social sciences	235	155	80	1.5	1.9	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,595	480	1,115	9.9	5.8	14.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	25	120	0.9	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,445	460	990	8.9	5.5	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	130	140	1.7	1.6	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	35	80	0.7	0.4	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	90	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	100	90	1.2	1.2	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	90	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,955	2,650	305	18.3	31.8	3.9
04. Architecture and related services	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	325	255	75	2.0	3.1	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	675	610	65	4.2	7.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	750	740	15	4.6	8.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	825	740	80	5.1	8.9	1.0
48. Precision production	350	300	50	2.2	3.6	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	190	160	2.2	2.3	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	45	65	0.7	0.5	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	145	100	1.5	1.7	1.3
Health and related fields	1,060	180	885	6.6	2.2	11.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	975	140	835	6.0	1.7	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	565	260	305	3.5	3.1	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	325	55	265	2.0	0.7	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	165	10	1.1	2.0	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	16,165	8,330	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,570	3,885	3,685	46.8	46.6	47.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,595	4,450	4,145	53.2	53.4	52.9
Location of study inside Canada	7,155	3,845	3,310	44.3	46.2	42.3
Same as province or territory of residence	4,830	2,690	2,140	29.9	32.3	27.3
Different than province or territory of residence	2,320	1,155	1,170	14.4	13.9	14.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,440	605	835	8.9	7.3	10.7
Americas	250	90	160	1.5	1.1	2.0
United States of America	180	75	105	1.1	0.9	1.3
Mexico	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	175	85	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Africa	100	35	65	0.6	0.4	0.8
Nigeria	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	875	370	505	5.4	4.4	6.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Philippines	500	185	310	3.1	2.2	4.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	260	130	135	1.6	1.6	1.7
Pakistan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Asia	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Oceania	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Australia	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Zealand	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	22,330	11,540	10,795	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,525	9,210	7,315	...	...	...
Employed	15,075	8,365	6,710	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,450	845	600	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,805	2,330	3,475	...	...	...
Participation rate	74.0	79.8	67.8	74.0	79.8	67.8
Employment rate	67.5	72.5	62.2	67.5	72.5	62.2
Unemployment rate	8.8	9.2	8.2	8.8	9.2	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	22,335	11,540	10,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,735	2,300	3,435	25.7	19.9	31.8
Worked	16,600	9,240	7,360	74.3	80.1	68.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,615	5,155	3,460	38.6	44.7	32.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,985	4,085	3,900	35.8	35.4	36.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.4	40.4	41.5	42.4	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,530	9,210	7,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	250	130	120	1.5	1.4	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,280	9,080	7,195	98.5	98.6	98.4
Employee	14,135	7,735	6,400	85.5	84.0	87.5
Permanent position	12,235	6,735	5,500	74.0	73.1	75.2
Temporary position	1,905	1,000	900	11.5	10.9	12.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	645	355	285	3.9	3.9	3.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,260	645	615	7.6	7.0	8.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,140	1,345	795	12.9	14.6	10.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,530	9,210	7,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	250	130	120	1.5	1.4	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,280	9,080	7,195	98.5	98.6	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	90	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,415	465	1,955	14.6	5.0	26.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,190	895	300	7.2	9.7	4.1
3 Health occupations	745	105	640	4.5	1.1	8.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,490	425	1,070	9.0	4.6	14.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	255	80	180	1.5	0.9	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	4,170	1,695	2,475	25.2	18.4	33.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,160	3,815	345	25.2	41.4	4.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,005	900	105	6.1	9.8	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	755	660	90	4.6	7.2	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,530	9,210	7,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	250	130	120	1.5	1.4	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	16,280	9,080	7,195	98.5	98.6	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	215	80	1.8	2.3	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,895	1,565	325	11.5	17.0	4.4
22 Utilities	275	205	70	1.7	2.2	1.0
23 Construction	2,170	1,770	400	13.1	19.2	5.5
31-33 Manufacturing	610	480	130	3.7	5.2	1.8
41 Wholesale trade	535	350	190	3.2	3.8	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,900	935	965	11.5	10.2	13.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	870	640	235	5.3	6.9	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	110	60	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	275	55	220	1.7	0.6	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	365	210	155	2.2	2.3	2.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	925	455	470	5.6	4.9	6.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	610	255	355	3.7	2.8	4.9
61 Educational services	1,015	225	795	6.1	2.4	10.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,230	140	1,085	7.4	1.5	14.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	220	80	140	1.3	0.9	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	1,235	525	710	7.5	5.7	9.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	860	530	325	5.2	5.8	4.4
91 Public administration	860	390	470	5.2	4.2	6.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,775	9,825	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,530	9,675	7,860	98.6	98.5	98.8
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	165	100	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,775	9,825	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,755	9,805	7,950	99.9	99.8	99.9
Official languages	17,720	9,790	7,930	99.7	99.6	99.7
English	17,705	9,790	7,915	99.6	99.6	99.5
French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,775	9,825	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,575	9,700	7,870	98.9	98.7	98.9
English	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
French	45	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official language	115	80	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	105	80	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,080	8,365	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,540	560	985	10.2	6.7	14.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,200	2,535	660	21.2	30.3	9.8
Usual place of work	10,335	5,265	5,070	68.5	62.9	75.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,335	5,265	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,925	3,320	3,605	67.0	63.1	71.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,750	1,600	1,150	26.6	30.4	22.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	635	330	300	6.1	6.3	5.9
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	13,530	7,795	5,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,690	7,435	5,255	93.8	95.4	91.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,750	6,960	4,790	86.8	89.3	83.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	940	475	470	6.9	6.1	8.2
Public transit	75	25	55	0.6	0.3	1.0
Walked	565	245	320	4.2	3.1	5.6
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other method	150	65	85	1.1	0.8	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	13,530	7,795	5,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,250	4,245	4,005	61.0	54.5	69.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,330	1,970	1,365	24.6	25.3	23.8
30 to 44 minutes	715	510	210	5.3	6.5	3.7
45 to 59 minutes	290	230	65	2.1	3.0	1.1
60 minutes and over	940	845	90	6.9	10.8	1.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	13,530	7,795	5,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,020	765	255	7.5	9.8	4.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,930	2,175	760	21.7	27.9	13.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,825	2,355	1,470	28.3	30.2	25.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,840	1,070	1,780	21.0	13.7	31.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,170	395	775	8.6	5.1	13.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,745	1,050	695	12.9	13.5	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,260	3,765	3,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	420	190	230	5.8	5.0	6.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,840	3,575	3,265	94.2	95.0	93.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,030	2,640	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	305	130	175	6.1	4.9	7.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	170	75	95	3.4	2.8	4.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	55	80	2.7	2.1	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,730	2,510	2,220	94.0	95.1	92.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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