Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	EdmundstonMore information: New Brunswick [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,125	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,945^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,629	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,260	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	688.6	...	...	688.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19.06	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,125	6,255	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,415	715	700	10.8	11.4	10.2
0 to 4 years	385	195	195	2.9	3.1	2.8
5 to 9 years	450	240	215	3.4	3.8	3.1
10 to 14 years	575	285	290	4.4	4.6	4.2
15 to 64 years	7,415	3,705	3,710	56.5	59.2	54.0
15 to 19 years	570	295	270	4.3	4.7	3.9
20 to 24 years	550	300	255	4.2	4.8	3.7
25 to 29 years	585	290	295	4.5	4.6	4.3
30 to 34 years	575	295	280	4.4	4.7	4.1
35 to 39 years	665	345	325	5.1	5.5	4.7
40 to 44 years	715	340	370	5.4	5.4	5.4
45 to 49 years	730	390	340	5.6	6.2	4.9
50 to 54 years	745	365	380	5.7	5.8	5.5
55 to 59 years	1,070	525	540	8.2	8.4	7.9
60 to 64 years	1,215	565	655	9.3	9.0	9.5
65 years and over	4,295	1,835	2,460	32.7	29.3	35.8
65 to 69 years	1,230	565	665	9.4	9.0	9.7
70 to 74 years	1,105	510	590	8.4	8.2	8.6
75 to 79 years	735	335	400	5.6	5.4	5.8
80 to 84 years	525	195	330	4.0	3.1	4.8
85 years and over	700	225	480	5.3	3.6	7.0
85 to 89 years	355	135	215	2.7	2.2	3.1
90 to 94 years	225	70	155	1.7	1.1	2.3
95 to 99 years	105	15	85	0.8	0.2	1.2
100 years and over	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.8	11.4	10.2	10.8	11.4	10.2
15 to 64 years	56.5	59.2	54.0	56.5	59.2	54.0
65 years and over	32.7	29.3	35.8	32.7	29.3	35.8
85 years and over	5.3	3.6	7.0	5.3	3.6	7.0
Average age of the population	50.4	48.5	52.2	50.4	48.5	52.2
Median age of the population	55.2	52.4	57.2	55.2	52.4	57.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,365	...	...	53.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	270	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	205	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	525	...	...	8.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,470	...	...	23.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	120	...	...	1.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	270	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,670	...	...	42.7	...	...
2 persons	2,260	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...	11.3	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...	7.5	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	2.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,025	5,795	6,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,710	5,540	6,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,995	2,990	3,000	51.2	54.0	48.6
Married	4,010	2,005	2,005	34.2	36.2	32.5
Living common-law	1,980	985	995	16.9	17.8	16.1
Living common law - Never married	1,405	690	710	12.0	12.5	11.5
Living common law - Separated	155	80	80	1.3	1.4	1.3
Living common law - Divorced	355	190	165	3.0	3.4	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	5,720	2,550	3,170	48.8	46.0	51.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,145	1,740	1,405	26.9	31.4	22.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	510	220	295	4.4	4.0	4.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	805	330	475	6.9	6.0	7.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,260	260	1,000	10.8	4.7	16.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,190	...	...	64.2	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	19.1	...	...
4 persons	440	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	3.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,885	...	...	84.6	...	...
Married couples	1,900	...	...	55.7	...	...
With children⁶	565	...	...	16.6	...	...
Without children	1,340	...	...	39.3	...	...
Common-law couples	985	...	...	28.9	...	...
With children⁶	455	...	...	13.3	...	...
Without children	530	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	525	...	...	15.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	400	...	...	11.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	120	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,025	5,795	6,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,780	4,320	4,455	73.0	74.5	71.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,775	2,880	2,895	48.0	49.7	46.5
Parents in one-parent families	520	120	405	4.3	2.1	6.5
Children⁶	2,480	1,325	1,155	20.6	22.9	18.6
In a two-parent family	1,690	890	800	14.1	15.4	12.9
In a one-parent family	785	430	355	6.5	7.4	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,245	1,475	1,775	27.0	25.5	28.5
Living alone	2,670	1,170	1,495	22.2	20.2	24.0
Living with other relatives⁷	235	110	130	2.0	1.9	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	340	195	145	2.8	3.4	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,270	...	...	52.2	...	...
Couple-family households	2,790	...	...	44.6	...	...
With children⁶	985	...	...	15.7	...	...
Without children	1,810	...	...	28.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	475	...	...	7.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	205	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	2,670	...	...	42.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,615	5,085	5,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,440	5,005	5,435	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,800	30,400	35,200	40,800	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,445	5,005	5,440	98.4	98.4	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,400	28,200	31,800	36,400	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,770	4,385	4,380	82.6	86.2	79.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	34,800	23,200	29,000	34,800	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,775	3,610	3,170	63.8	71.0	57.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	34,400	27,200	30,600	34,400	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,740	3,935	4,800	82.3	77.4	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	13,500	12,800	13,000	13,500	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,740	850	895	16.4	16.7	16.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,000	5,480	5,760	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,470	1,205	1,265	23.3	23.7	22.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,510	5,040	5,470	98.7	98.6	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,920	35,760	41,600	47,920	35,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,510	5,040	5,470	98.7	98.6	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,920	40,640	31,560	35,920	40,640	31,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,840	4,475	4,360	83.0	87.6	78.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	43,000	30,160	36,680	43,000	30,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,815	3,725	3,085	64.0	72.9	55.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,520	40,920	33,440	37,520	40,920	33,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,755	3,895	4,860	82.2	76.2	87.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,920	12,600	13,180	12,920	12,600	13,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,660	800	865	15.6	15.7	15.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	7,640	6,310	6,950	7,640	6,310
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,430	1,185	1,250	22.8	23.2	22.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,350	8,340	8,340	8,350	8,340	8,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,300	1,835	1,460	31.0	35.9	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	56,000	44,400	50,800	56,000	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,250	62,400	50,760	57,250	62,400	50,760
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,530	1,245	1,280	23.8	24.4	23.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,600	17,400	14,500	15,600	17,400	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,740	25,440	20,140	22,740	25,440	20,140
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.2	79.6	67.2	74.2	79.6	67.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.5	63.2	52.8	58.5	63.2	52.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.9	20.3	32.8	25.9	20.3	32.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	4.9	6.8	5.8	4.9	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.1	5.3	4.7	4.1	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,610	5,085	5,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	170	80	85	1.6	1.6	1.5
With total income	10,445	5,005	5,440	98.4	98.4	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	720	270	450	6.9	5.4	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,470	515	955	14.1	10.3	17.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,155	875	1,285	20.6	17.5	23.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,665	780	890	15.9	15.6	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,445	745	705	13.8	14.9	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	990	580	415	9.5	11.6	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	560	335	225	5.4	6.7	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	445	260	185	4.3	5.2	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	335	170	165	3.2	3.4	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	170	110	65	1.6	2.2	1.2
$100,000 and over	480	365	110	4.6	7.3	2.0
$100,000 to $149,999	355	270	90	3.4	5.4	1.7
$150,000 and over	120	100	25	1.1	2.0	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,610	5,085	5,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	170	80	85	1.6	1.6	1.5
With after-tax income	10,445	5,005	5,440	98.4	98.4	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	760	275	485	7.3	5.5	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,535	545	995	14.7	10.9	18.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,525	1,065	1,460	24.2	21.3	26.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,015	975	1,040	19.3	19.5	19.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,485	830	660	14.2	16.6	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	825	500	330	7.9	10.0	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	530	290	240	5.1	5.8	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	305	180	125	2.9	3.6	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	150	100	50	1.4	2.0	0.9
$90,000 to $99,999	90	70	20	0.9	1.4	0.4
$100,000 and over	210	165	40	2.0	3.3	0.7
$100,000 to $124,999	125	100	25	1.2	2.0	0.5
$125,000 and over	80	65	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,610	5,085	5,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,840	1,480	2,355	36.2	29.1	42.6
With employment income	6,775	3,605	3,170	63.9	70.9	57.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,050	565	485	15.5	15.7	15.3
$5,000 to $9,999	605	265	335	8.9	7.4	10.6
$10,000 to $19,999	900	445	455	13.3	12.3	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	780	365	415	11.5	10.1	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	810	380	435	12.0	10.5	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	715	390	325	10.6	10.8	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	480	305	175	7.1	8.5	5.5
$60,000 to $69,999	350	210	140	5.2	5.8	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	315	180	140	4.6	5.0	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	270	135	140	4.0	3.7	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	145	95	50	2.1	2.6	1.6
$100,000 and over	345	270	70	5.1	7.5	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	195	145	45	2.9	4.0	1.4
$125,000 and over	150	125	25	2.2	3.5	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,615	5,085	5,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,320	4,950	5,370	97.2	97.3	97.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,600	27,600	32,800	39,600	27,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,330	4,950	5,380	97.3	97.3	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	35,600	26,000	30,000	35,600	26,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,785	4,395	4,390	82.8	86.4	79.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,000	25,200	30,200	36,000	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,890	3,655	3,230	64.9	71.9	58.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	35,600	28,800	31,400	35,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,945	3,475	4,475	74.8	68.3	81.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,900	9,700	9,800	9,900	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,510	710	805	14.2	14.0	14.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,600	5,000	5,520	6,600	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,375	4,975	5,400	97.4	97.4	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,880	46,400	33,920	39,880	46,400	33,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,380	4,975	5,400	97.5	97.4	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,360	39,360	29,760	34,360	39,360	29,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,825	4,475	4,350	82.9	87.6	78.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,480	43,800	30,960	37,480	43,800	30,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,865	3,745	3,125	64.5	73.3	56.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,160	41,480	34,160	38,160	41,480	34,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,975	3,450	4,525	74.9	67.5	81.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,450	10,140	10,680	10,450	10,140	10,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,420	695	730	13.3	13.6	13.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,900	7,200	6,620	6,900	7,200	6,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,285	1,830	1,460	30.8	35.8	26.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	52,000	42,400	47,200	52,000	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,700	60,000	48,040	54,700	60,000	48,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,405	1,200	1,200	22.6	23.5	21.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	23,000	18,800	20,200	23,000	18,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,520	30,050	24,960	27,520	30,050	24,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.8	84.8	73.6	79.8	84.8	73.6
Employment income (%)	63.3	67.2	58.4	63.3	67.2	58.4
Government transfers (%)	20.1	15.2	26.4	20.1	15.2	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.4	2.2	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	29,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,700	...	...	69,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,150	...	...	60,150	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,920	...	...	37,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,080	...	...	33,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,900	...	...	79,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	1.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	3.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	575	...	...	9.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	420	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	355	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	465	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	385	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	365	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,355	...	...	21.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	355	...	...	5.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	315	...	...	5.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	1.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	3.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	610	...	...	9.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	435	...	...	6.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	415	...	...	6.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	460	...	...	7.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	380	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	345	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	630	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	490	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	440	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	4.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	930	...	...	14.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	445	...	...	7.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	3.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	240	...	...	3.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,010	1,370	1,640	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	34,800	28,200	30,800	34,800	28,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	31,200	27,200	28,800	31,200	27,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,800	...	...	71,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	127,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...	107,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	540	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...	64,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,200	...	...	58,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,030	1,380	1,640	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	40,840	33,360	36,800	40,840	33,360
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,280	35,120	29,880	32,280	35,120	29,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,020	5,800	6,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,755	895	860	14.6	15.4	13.8
0 to 5 years	455	225	225	3.8	3.9	3.6
18 to 64 years	6,825	3,360	3,465	56.8	57.9	55.7
65 years and over	3,440	1,550	1,895	28.6	26.7	30.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,155	895	1,265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	290	150	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	85	45	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	975	450	530	...	...	...
65 years and over	885	290	595	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.9	15.4	20.3	17.9	15.4	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.4
0 to 5 years (%)	19.6	20.0	19.0	19.6	20.0	19.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	13.5	15.2	14.3	13.5	15.2
65 years and over (%)	25.8	18.8	31.4	25.8	18.8	31.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,780	5,685	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,690	865	830	14.3	15.2	13.6
0 to 5 years	430	215	210	3.7	3.8	3.4
18 to 64 years	6,685	3,290	3,400	56.7	57.9	55.7
65 years and over	3,405	1,530	1,875	28.9	26.9	30.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	565	260	300	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	435	215	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	25	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.6	4.9	4.8	4.6	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.2	4.0	3.7	3.2	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	2.0	6.0	3.6	2.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.5	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.4	2.3	1.9	1.4	2.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,020	5,795	6,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,870	3,665	4,205	65.5	63.2	67.6
In bottom decile	1,725	720	1,010	14.4	12.4	16.2
In second decile	1,930	870	1,065	16.1	15.0	17.1
In third decile	1,585	765	825	13.2	13.2	13.3
In fourth decile	1,310	655	650	10.9	11.3	10.4
In fifth decile	1,315	660	655	10.9	11.4	10.5
In top half of the distribution	4,155	2,135	2,020	34.6	36.8	32.4
In sixth decile	1,155	600	560	9.6	10.4	9.0
In seventh decile	1,005	515	490	8.4	8.9	7.9
In eighth decile	940	480	465	7.8	8.3	7.5
In ninth decile	625	325	300	5.2	5.6	4.8
In top decile	425	215	210	3.5	3.7	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,025	...	...	12,025	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.465	...	...	0.465	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	330	165	160	2.7	2.8	2.5
French only	4,365	2,005	2,365	35.5	33.5	37.5
English and French	7,580	3,810	3,770	61.6	63.6	59.7
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	825	430	395	6.7	7.2	6.3
French	11,330	5,485	5,850	92.1	91.6	92.7
English and French	120	70	45	1.0	1.2	0.7
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,950	5,795	6,155	97.2	96.7	97.5
Official languages	11,665	5,640	6,025	94.8	94.2	95.5
English	655	335	325	5.3	5.6	5.2
French	11,010	5,305	5,705	89.5	88.6	90.4
Non-official languages	285	160	130	2.3	2.7	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	285	160	130	2.3	2.7	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	55	25	0.7	0.9	0.4
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	50	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	50	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	70	55	1.0	1.2	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	195	150	2.8	3.3	2.4
English and French	290	165	125	2.4	2.8	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	485	240	240	3.9	4.0	3.8
French	10,495	5,090	5,405	85.3	85.0	85.7
Non-official language	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	1,000	485	515	8.1	8.1	8.2
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,000	5,840	6,160	97.6	97.5	97.6
Official languages	11,840	5,750	6,090	96.3	96.0	96.5
English	665	325	335	5.4	5.4	5.3
French	11,180	5,420	5,755	90.9	90.5	91.2
Non-official languages	160	90	70	1.3	1.5	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	90	70	1.3	1.5	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	80	50	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	145	150	2.4	2.4	2.4
English and French	240	120	120	2.0	2.0	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,300	5,990	6,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,335	5,510	5,825	92.2	92.0	92.3
English	645	315	330	5.2	5.3	5.2
French	175	90	90	1.4	1.5	1.4
Non-official language	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,065	5,810	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	12,055	5,810	6,245	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	7,820	3,980	3,840	64.8	68.5	61.4
French	11,730	5,645	6,085	97.2	97.2	97.4
Non-official languages	645	365	280	5.3	6.3	4.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	365	280	5.3	6.3	4.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	110	40	1.2	1.9	0.6
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	145	110	30	1.2	1.9	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	110	30	1.2	1.9	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.7
Haitian Creole	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	180	145	2.7	3.1	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	125	125	2.1	2.2	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Spanish	180	100	80	1.5	1.7	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wojenaka	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,070	5,810	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	420	210	210	3.5	3.6	3.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	385	205	175	3.2	3.5	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	125	100	1.9	2.2	1.6
Métis	155	80	75	1.3	1.4	1.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-Indigenous identity	11,645	5,600	6,040	96.5	96.4	96.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,070	5,810	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	145	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,915	5,735	6,185	98.7	98.7	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,860	...	...	61.5	...	...
Renter	2,405	...	...	38.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	700	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not condominium	5,570	...	...	88.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	990	...	...	15.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,125	...	...	33.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,945	...	...	31.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,190	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,040	...	...	32.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,215	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	895	...	...	14.3	...	...
7 rooms	720	...	...	11.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,410	...	...	22.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,260	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,200	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,050	...	...	32.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,175	...	...	34.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	795	...	...	12.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	635	...	...	10.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	230	...	...	3.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...	2.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	80	...	...	1.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	150	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,820	...	...	92.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,035	...	...	64.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,160	...	...	34.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	670	...	...	10.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	760	...	...	12.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	935	...	...	14.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,410	...	...	22.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,405	...	...	22.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	730	...	...	11.6	...	...
85 years and over	215	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,120	...	...	83.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,020	...	...	16.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	935	...	...	15.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,490	...	...	23.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	960	...	...	15.3	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	400	...	...	6.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,785	...	...	76.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	245	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not in core need	5,815	...	...	96.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,795	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.4	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.7	...	...	9.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	901	...	...	901	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	146,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	159,800	...	...	159,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,365	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.9	...	...	27.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	632	...	...	632	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	668	...	...	668	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	10	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,065	5,815	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	330	145	190	2.7	2.5	3.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	325	145	185	2.7	2.5	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	255	120	135	2.1	2.1	2.2
Métis single ancestry	70	20	50	0.6	0.3	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	370	180	185	3.1	3.1	3.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	365	180	185	3.0	3.1	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	175	180	2.9	3.0	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,365	5,485	5,880	94.2	94.3	94.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,065	5,815	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,470	5,465	6,010	95.1	94.0	96.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,635	830	805	13.6	14.3	12.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,835	4,635	5,200	81.5	79.7	83.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	590	345	245	4.9	5.9	3.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,065	5,815	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,240	5,370	5,875	93.2	92.3	93.9
Immigrants⁸¹	540	255	285	4.5	4.4	4.6
Before 1980	120	50	75	1.0	0.9	1.2
1980 to 1990	30	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
2001 to 2010	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	290	140	145	2.4	2.4	2.3
2011 to 2015	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
2016 to 2021	230	120	110	1.9	2.1	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	285	185	100	2.4	3.2	1.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	540	255	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	55	20	35	10.2	7.8	12.5
5 to 14 years	120	80	45	22.2	31.4	16.1
15 to 24 years	90	15	75	16.7	5.9	26.8
25 to 44 years	235	120	110	43.5	47.1	39.3
45 years and over	35	20	20	6.5	7.8	7.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	540	255	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	235	85	145	43.5	33.3	51.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	35	10	20	6.5	3.9	7.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	185	75	110	34.3	29.4	39.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	130	55	75	24.1	21.6	26.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	10	15	4.6	3.9	5.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	30	10	20	5.6	3.9	7.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	30	6.5	3.9	10.7
Africa	125	80	40	23.1	31.4	14.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10	4.6	3.9	3.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	50	40	10	9.3	15.7	3.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	30	20	10.2	11.8	7.1
Asia	40	25	20	7.4	9.8	7.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	1.9	3.9	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	230	120	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	10	30	19.6	8.3	28.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	10	20	13.0	8.3	19.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	45	40	34.8	37.5	38.1
France	20	10	15	8.7	8.3	14.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	35	25	26.1	29.2	23.8
Africa	95	60	30	41.3	50.0	28.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10	10.9	8.3	9.5
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	30	0	13.0	25.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	6.5	8.3	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,070	5,810	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	980	495	485	8.1	8.5	7.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	550	300	245	4.6	5.2	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,535	5,015	5,520	87.3	86.3	88.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	415	205	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	235	135	100	56.6	65.9	47.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	95	80	15	22.9	39.0	7.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	140	50	90	33.7	24.4	42.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	160	70	90	38.6	34.1	42.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	0	10	3.6	0.0	4.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	415	205	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	3.6	0.0	4.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	55	45	24.1	26.8	21.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	3.6	4.9	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	10	7.2	7.3	4.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	260	120	140	62.7	58.5	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,070	5,810	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	555	315	240	4.6	5.4	3.8
South Asian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Black	305	165	140	2.5	2.8	2.2
Filipino	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Arab	115	85	25	1.0	1.5	0.4
Latin American	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Southeast Asian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,515	5,495	6,015	95.4	94.6	96.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,065	5,815	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,875	2,305	2,570	40.4	39.6	41.1
English	225	85	135	1.9	1.5	2.2
Irish	495	245	250	4.1	4.2	4.0
Scottish	150	70	80	1.2	1.2	1.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,600	1,235	1,365	21.5	21.2	21.8
German	90	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Indian (India)	55	25	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Polish	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Québécois	365	145	220	3.0	2.5	3.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Filipino	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French Canadian	910	395	520	7.5	6.8	8.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	695	310	390	5.8	5.3	6.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	285	145	140	2.4	2.5	2.2
Métis	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	125	50	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	240	140	100	2.0	2.4	1.6
Spanish	40	15	30	0.3	0.3	0.5
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,625	805	825	13.5	13.8	13.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lebanese	35	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	45	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Haitian	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	65	50	15	0.5	0.9	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	40	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	510	275	235	4.2	4.7	3.8
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norman	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	110	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,070	5,810	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Christian	10,410	4,840	5,570	86.2	83.3	89.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	550	260	290	4.6	4.5	4.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
Baptist	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catholic	9,490	4,410	5,085	78.6	75.9	81.3
Christian Orthodox	80	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Muslim	165	130	35	1.4	2.2	0.6
Sikh	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	1,435	825	610	11.9	14.2	9.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,985	5,770	6,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,620	5,100	5,515	88.6	88.4	88.8
Movers	1,370	675	690	11.4	11.7	11.1
Non-migrants	880	440	440	7.3	7.6	7.1
Migrants	495	235	255	4.1	4.1	4.1
Internal migrants	455	215	245	3.8	3.7	3.9
Intraprovincial migrants	335	145	185	2.8	2.5	3.0
Interprovincial migrants	125	65	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
External migrants	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,715	5,650	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,825	3,775	4,050	66.8	66.8	66.8
Movers	3,890	1,875	2,020	33.2	33.2	33.3
Non-migrants	1,750	820	930	14.9	14.5	15.3
Migrants	2,145	1,055	1,090	18.3	18.7	18.0
Internal migrants	1,715	810	910	14.6	14.3	15.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,310	610	700	11.2	10.8	11.5
Interprovincial migrants	405	200	210	3.5	3.5	3.5
External migrants	430	245	180	3.7	4.3	3.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,250	1,085	1,165	21.1	21.2	21.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,400	4,025	4,375	78.9	78.8	79.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,120	3,030	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	700	395	305	11.4	13.0	9.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,420	2,640	2,780	88.6	87.1	90.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,085	980	1,105	19.6	19.2	19.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,110	1,525	1,575	29.2	29.8	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,460	2,605	2,855	51.3	51.0	51.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,730	1,815	1,915	35.0	35.5	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,405	875	530	13.2	17.1	9.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	855	475	380	8.0	9.3	6.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	550	400	150	5.2	7.8	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,975	825	1,150	18.5	16.1	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	115	235	3.3	2.3	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,735	790	940	16.3	15.5	17.0
Bachelor's degree	1,215	550	665	11.4	10.8	12.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	55	75	1.2	1.1	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.6
Master's degree	230	110	125	2.2	2.2	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,115	3,035	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	640	365	275	10.5	12.0	8.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,700	905	795	27.8	29.8	25.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,780	1,770	2,010	61.8	58.3	65.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,540	1,220	1,315	41.5	40.2	42.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	840	505	330	13.7	16.6	10.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	545	315	230	8.9	10.4	7.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	290	195	100	4.7	6.4	3.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,505	635	865	24.6	20.9	28.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	80	120	3.2	2.6	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,245	545	700	20.4	18.0	22.7
Bachelor's degree	895	385	505	14.6	12.7	16.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	30	45	1.2	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	35	35	1.1	1.2	1.1
Master's degree	155	65	90	2.5	2.1	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	25	0.9	1.0	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,190	2,505	2,685	48.7	49.0	48.5
Education	385	115	270	3.6	2.3	4.9
13. Education	385	115	270	3.6	2.3	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.6
Humanities	120	50	70	1.1	1.0	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	120	250	3.5	2.3	4.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	20	100	1.1	0.4	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	65	10	55	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	75	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
45. Social sciences	70	40	25	0.7	0.8	0.5
Business, management and public administration	1,310	425	885	12.3	8.3	16.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	20	85	1.0	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	410	795	11.3	8.0	14.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	55	30	0.8	1.1	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	100	35	1.3	2.0	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	85	10	0.8	1.7	0.2
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,220	1,185	35	11.5	23.2	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	160	145	10	1.5	2.8	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	250	240	10	2.3	4.7	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	310	0	2.9	6.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	340	0	3.2	6.7	0.0
48. Precision production	140	140	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	105	40	1.3	2.1	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	85	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Health and related fields	1,075	170	905	10.1	3.3	16.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,005	125	875	9.4	2.4	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	565	260	295	5.3	5.1	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	375	100	270	3.5	2.0	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	75	30	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	85	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,120	3,035	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,340	1,265	1,075	38.2	41.7	34.8
Education	200	55	140	3.3	1.8	4.5
13. Education	200	55	140	3.3	1.8	4.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	10	35	0.7	0.3	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	10	35	0.7	0.3	1.1
Humanities	75	30	40	1.2	1.0	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	55	205	4.3	1.8	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95	1.6	0.0	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	40	0.7	0.0	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	15	45	1.0	0.5	1.5
45. Social sciences	40	20	20	0.7	0.7	0.6
Business, management and public administration	910	275	635	14.9	9.1	20.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	65	1.1	0.3	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	840	270	570	13.7	8.9	18.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	30	1.1	1.3	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	20	0.7	0.8	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	85	25	1.7	2.8	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	75	10	1.4	2.5	0.3
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	825	795	25	13.5	26.2	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	115	105	10	1.9	3.5	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210	205	0	3.4	6.8	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	190	190	0	3.1	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	205	0	3.3	6.8	0.0
48. Precision production	90	90	0	1.5	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	85	40	2.0	2.8	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	10	35	0.7	0.3	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	75	0	1.4	2.5	0.0
Health and related fields	775	130	645	12.7	4.3	20.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	715	90	625	11.7	3.0	20.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	395	200	195	6.5	6.6	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	220	55	175	3.6	1.8	5.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	70	20	1.5	2.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,120	3,035	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,340	1,265	1,075	38.2	41.7	34.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,780	1,770	2,015	61.8	58.3	65.3
Location of study inside Canada	3,485	1,600	1,885	56.9	52.7	61.1
Same as province or territory of residence	2,760	1,255	1,505	45.1	41.4	48.8
Different than province or territory of residence	725	350	380	11.8	11.5	12.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	300	170	130	4.9	5.6	4.2
Americas	80	45	40	1.3	1.5	1.3
United States of America	60	30	25	1.0	1.0	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	35	40	1.2	1.2	1.3
Belgium	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	90	65	30	1.5	2.1	1.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Morocco	30	25	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	20	15	0.7	0.7	0.5
Asia	50	30	20	0.8	1.0	0.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,650	5,110	5,540	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,835	3,090	2,745	...	...	...
Employed	5,405	2,845	2,555	...	...	...
Unemployed	430	245	190	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,815	2,020	2,795	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.8	60.5	49.5	54.8	60.5	49.5
Employment rate	50.8	55.7	46.1	50.8	55.7	46.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.9	6.9	7.4	7.9	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,650	5,110	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,635	1,930	2,700	43.5	37.8	48.7
Worked	6,015	3,175	2,835	56.5	62.1	51.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,380	1,880	1,500	31.7	36.8	27.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,640	1,300	1,340	24.8	25.4	24.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.2	41.6	41.9	42.2	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,835	3,090	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,785	3,070	2,715	99.1	99.4	98.9
Employee	5,230	2,750	2,475	89.6	89.0	90.2
Permanent position	4,275	2,250	2,025	73.3	72.8	73.8
Temporary position	950	500	455	16.3	16.2	16.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	255	120	135	4.4	3.9	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	700	380	320	12.0	12.3	11.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	555	320	235	9.5	10.4	8.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,835	3,090	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,785	3,070	2,715	99.1	99.4	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	30	20	0.8	1.0	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	805	230	575	13.8	7.4	20.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	290	260	35	5.0	8.4	1.3
3 Health occupations	800	190	610	13.7	6.1	22.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	585	200	380	10.0	6.5	13.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	25	45	1.1	0.8	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	1,835	850	990	31.4	27.5	36.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	825	805	25	14.1	26.1	0.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	95	90	0	1.6	2.9	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	430	395	40	7.4	12.8	1.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,835	3,090	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	5,785	3,070	2,715	99.1	99.4	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	135	20	2.7	4.4	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
23 Construction	230	210	20	3.9	6.8	0.7
31-33 Manufacturing	805	680	120	13.8	22.0	4.4
41 Wholesale trade	120	95	25	2.1	3.1	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	830	465	360	14.2	15.0	13.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	205	185	25	3.5	6.0	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	80	40	45	1.4	1.3	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	155	60	95	2.7	1.9	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175	110	65	3.0	3.6	2.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	125	85	3.5	4.0	3.1
61 Educational services	345	120	225	5.9	3.9	8.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,250	285	960	21.4	9.2	35.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	30	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	395	140	260	6.8	4.5	9.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	275	130	140	4.7	4.2	5.1
91 Public administration	435	225	210	7.5	7.3	7.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,380	3,380	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	295	170	125	4.6	5.0	4.2
French	4,255	2,240	2,015	66.7	66.3	67.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,835	965	870	28.8	28.6	29.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,380	3,380	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,075	3,205	2,870	95.2	94.8	95.5
Official languages	6,075	3,205	2,870	95.2	94.8	95.5
English	540	310	230	8.5	9.2	7.7
French	5,535	2,895	2,640	86.8	85.7	87.9
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	180	130	4.8	5.3	4.3
English and French	305	180	130	4.8	5.3	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,380	3,380	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,850	2,585	2,265	76.0	76.5	75.4
English	1,280	650	630	20.1	19.2	21.0
French	250	140	110	3.9	4.1	3.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,405	2,845	2,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	525	260	265	9.7	9.1	10.4
Worked outside Canada	50	40	10	0.9	1.4	0.4
No fixed workplace address	605	500	105	11.2	17.6	4.1
Usual place of work	4,225	2,045	2,175	78.2	71.9	85.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,230	2,045	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,545	1,655	1,890	83.8	80.9	86.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485	280	205	11.5	13.7	9.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	155	85	75	3.7	4.2	3.4
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	10	0.8	1.5	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,830	2,545	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,490	2,350	2,140	93.0	92.3	93.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,145	2,190	1,955	85.8	86.1	85.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	340	165	175	7.0	6.5	7.7
Public transit	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Walked	215	120	90	4.5	4.7	3.9
Bicycle	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
Other method	95	55	40	2.0	2.2	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,830	2,545	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,535	1,745	1,790	73.2	68.6	78.5
15 to 29 minutes	890	525	365	18.4	20.6	16.0
30 to 44 minutes	225	120	105	4.7	4.7	4.6
45 to 59 minutes	80	70	10	1.7	2.8	0.4
60 minutes and over	95	85	10	2.0	3.3	0.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,830	2,545	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	200	65	5.6	7.9	2.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	765	475	285	15.8	18.7	12.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,615	825	790	33.4	32.4	34.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,135	490	645	23.5	19.3	28.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	280	105	175	5.8	4.1	7.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	770	445	320	15.9	17.5	14.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,795	915	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,740	890	850	96.9	97.3	96.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	3.1	2.7	3.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,385	715	675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,350	695	650	97.5	97.2	96.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,225	630	595	88.4	88.1	88.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	70	60	9.0	9.8	8.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	20	2.5	2.1	3.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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