Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	EdmundstonMore information: New Brunswick [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,144	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,955^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,818	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,266	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.0	...	...	14.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,582.36	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,145	10,790	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,580	1,320	1,255	11.7	12.2	11.1
0 to 4 years	715	360	350	3.2	3.3	3.1
5 to 9 years	840	450	390	3.8	4.2	3.4
10 to 14 years	1,030	515	515	4.7	4.8	4.5
15 to 64 years	13,160	6,580	6,585	59.4	61.0	58.0
15 to 19 years	1,010	520	495	4.6	4.8	4.4
20 to 24 years	950	475	480	4.3	4.4	4.2
25 to 29 years	955	475	485	4.3	4.4	4.3
30 to 34 years	1,010	515	490	4.6	4.8	4.3
35 to 39 years	1,150	595	560	5.2	5.5	4.9
40 to 44 years	1,265	610	650	5.7	5.7	5.7
45 to 49 years	1,360	715	640	6.1	6.6	5.6
50 to 54 years	1,415	695	725	6.4	6.4	6.4
55 to 59 years	1,890	925	960	8.5	8.6	8.5
60 to 64 years	2,155	1,045	1,100	9.7	9.7	9.7
65 years and over	6,405	2,895	3,510	28.9	26.8	30.9
65 to 69 years	2,000	975	1,020	9.0	9.0	9.0
70 to 74 years	1,755	840	915	7.9	7.8	8.1
75 to 79 years	1,090	510	580	4.9	4.7	5.1
80 to 84 years	740	295	445	3.3	2.7	3.9
85 years and over	825	275	550	3.7	2.5	4.8
85 to 89 years	445	180	270	2.0	1.7	2.4
90 to 94 years	250	80	170	1.1	0.7	1.5
95 to 99 years	110	15	90	0.5	0.1	0.8
100 years and over	20	5	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.7	12.2	11.1	11.7	12.2	11.1
15 to 64 years	59.4	61.0	58.0	59.4	61.0	58.0
65 years and over	28.9	26.8	30.9	28.9	26.8	30.9
85 years and over	3.7	2.5	4.8	3.7	2.5	4.8
Average age of the population	48.8	47.5	50.0	48.8	47.5	50.0
Median age of the population	52.8	51.2	54.4	52.8	51.2	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,805	...	...	66.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
Row house	260	...	...	2.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	615	...	...	6.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,725	...	...	16.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	125	...	...	1.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	355	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,740	...	...	36.4	...	...
2 persons	4,010	...	...	39.0	...	...
3 persons	1,310	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	900	...	...	8.8	...	...
5 or more persons	305	...	...	3.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,935	10,280	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,565	9,470	10,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,075	5,525	5,555	56.6	58.3	55.0
Married	7,465	3,730	3,735	38.2	39.4	37.0
Living common-law	3,610	1,795	1,815	18.5	19.0	18.0
Living common law - Never married	2,660	1,315	1,345	13.6	13.9	13.3
Living common law - Separated	245	135	115	1.3	1.4	1.1
Living common law - Divorced	595	315	285	3.0	3.3	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	105	40	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	8,490	3,945	4,545	43.4	41.7	45.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,895	2,700	2,195	25.0	28.5	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	730	325	400	3.7	3.4	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,110	505	605	5.7	5.3	6.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,755	410	1,340	9.0	4.3	13.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,950	...	...	62.9	...	...
3 persons	1,230	...	...	19.6	...	...
4 persons	865	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...	3.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,415	...	...	86.2	...	...
Married couples	3,615	...	...	57.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,145	...	...	18.2	...	...
Without children	2,470	...	...	39.3	...	...
Common-law couples	1,800	...	...	28.7	...	...
With children⁶	865	...	...	13.8	...	...
Without children	935	...	...	14.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	865	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	640	...	...	10.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	230	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	20,935	10,280	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,295	8,085	8,205	77.8	78.6	77.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,830	5,400	5,430	51.7	52.5	51.0
Parents in one-parent families	865	225	640	4.1	2.2	6.0
Children⁶	4,600	2,465	2,135	22.0	24.0	20.0
In a two-parent family	3,325	1,780	1,545	15.9	17.3	14.5
In a one-parent family	1,275	685	590	6.1	6.7	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,640	2,195	2,445	22.2	21.4	23.0
Living alone	3,740	1,750	1,990	17.9	17.0	18.7
Living with other relatives⁷	360	165	200	1.7	1.6	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	535	285	250	2.6	2.8	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,960	...	...	58.1	...	...
Couple-family households	5,190	...	...	50.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,925	...	...	18.8	...	...
Without children	3,260	...	...	31.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	770	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	140	...	...	1.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	315	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	3,740	...	...	36.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,365	8,960	9,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,055	8,830	9,230	98.3	98.5	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,000	31,200	36,400	42,000	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,065	8,830	9,230	98.4	98.5	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	28,600	32,800	37,200	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,280	7,775	7,510	83.2	86.8	79.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,400	24,600	30,200	36,400	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,110	6,455	5,655	65.9	72.0	60.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,800	28,400	32,400	36,800	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,925	6,870	8,055	81.3	76.7	85.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	13,200	12,300	12,700	13,200	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,325	1,645	1,680	18.1	18.4	17.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,280	5,480	6,000	6,280	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,230	2,050	2,180	23.0	22.9	23.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,550	8,000	7,500	6,550	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,365	8,945	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,100	8,845	9,250	98.6	98.9	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,040	49,480	36,920	43,040	49,480	36,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,100	8,845	9,250	98.6	98.9	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,640	32,320	36,400	40,640	32,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,375	7,890	7,485	83.7	88.2	79.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,280	44,480	31,760	38,280	44,480	31,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,120	6,570	5,550	66.0	73.4	58.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,320	43,120	34,800	39,320	43,120	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,910	6,810	8,100	81.2	76.1	86.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,760	12,740	12,790	12,760	12,740	12,790
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,230	1,595	1,645	17.6	17.8	17.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,230	7,820	6,660	7,230	7,820	6,660
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,100	2,000	2,095	22.3	22.4	22.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,150	7,960	8,330	8,150	7,960	8,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,365	8,950	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,820	3,170	2,650	31.7	35.4	28.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	57,200	46,400	52,400	57,200	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,850	65,500	53,100	59,850	65,500	53,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,625	2,345	2,285	25.2	26.2	24.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	19,800	14,200	16,800	19,800	14,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,660	27,160	20,080	23,660	27,160	20,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.2	69.6	75.6	80.2	69.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.2	64.8	56.5	61.2	64.8	56.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	19.8	30.4	24.4	19.8	30.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	2.8	3.2	3.0	2.8	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.4	6.5	5.3	4.4	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.6	5.1	4.3	3.6	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,360	8,965	9,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	305	135	170	1.7	1.5	1.8
With total income	18,060	8,830	9,225	98.4	98.5	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,265	470	790	7.0	5.3	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,520	905	1,615	14.0	10.2	17.5
$20,000 to $29,999	3,460	1,445	2,020	19.2	16.4	21.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,830	1,315	1,510	15.7	14.9	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,525	1,310	1,215	14.0	14.8	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,725	1,020	705	9.6	11.6	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	680	390	6.0	7.7	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	820	500	325	4.5	5.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	635	325	315	3.5	3.7	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	330	210	120	1.8	2.4	1.3
$100,000 and over	865	650	220	4.8	7.4	2.4
$100,000 to $149,999	640	475	160	3.5	5.4	1.7
$150,000 and over	225	175	55	1.2	2.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,360	8,965	9,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	300	130	165	1.6	1.5	1.8
With after-tax income	18,065	8,835	9,235	98.4	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,335	490	845	7.4	5.5	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,625	950	1,675	14.5	10.8	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,130	1,760	2,370	22.9	19.9	25.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,470	1,730	1,735	19.2	19.6	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,590	1,470	1,125	14.3	16.6	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,525	930	590	8.4	10.5	6.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000	555	445	5.5	6.3	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	580	340	235	3.2	3.8	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	285	185	95	1.6	2.1	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	35	0.9	1.4	0.4
$100,000 and over	365	280	85	2.0	3.2	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	205	160	45	1.1	1.8	0.5
$125,000 and over	155	120	40	0.9	1.4	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,360	8,965	9,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,255	2,510	3,745	34.1	28.0	39.8
With employment income	12,110	6,455	5,650	66.0	72.0	60.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,745	930	815	14.4	14.4	14.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,010	440	570	8.3	6.8	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,565	730	835	12.9	11.3	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,390	665	730	11.5	10.3	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,490	710	785	12.3	11.0	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,310	700	610	10.8	10.8	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	885	580	310	7.3	9.0	5.5
$60,000 to $69,999	670	430	240	5.5	6.7	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	590	340	245	4.9	5.3	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	525	255	270	4.3	4.0	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	280	190	90	2.3	2.9	1.6
$100,000 and over	645	490	160	5.3	7.6	2.8
$100,000 to $124,999	365	275	95	3.0	4.3	1.7
$125,000 and over	280	220	60	2.3	3.4	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,365	8,960	9,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,850	8,740	9,110	97.2	97.5	97.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	28,600	34,000	41,200	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,875	8,740	9,135	97.3	97.5	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	36,400	26,400	30,800	36,400	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,300	7,775	7,520	83.3	86.8	80.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,200	26,200	31,400	37,200	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,290	6,525	5,765	66.9	72.8	61.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	29,400	32,800	37,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,555	6,060	7,495	73.8	67.6	79.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	10,200	9,200	9,700	10,200	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,055	1,500	1,555	16.6	16.7	16.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,800	5,240	5,720	6,800	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,365	8,945	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,880	8,735	9,145	97.4	97.7	97.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,280	47,640	35,200	41,280	47,640	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,890	8,735	9,155	97.4	97.7	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,360	40,240	30,720	35,360	40,240	30,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,410	7,880	7,530	83.9	88.1	80.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,720	44,720	32,480	38,720	44,720	32,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,315	6,610	5,705	67.1	73.9	60.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,640	43,480	35,160	39,640	43,480	35,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,630	6,055	7,575	74.2	67.7	80.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,360	10,500	10,250	10,360	10,500	10,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,910	1,470	1,440	15.8	16.4	15.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,980	7,430	6,530	6,980	7,430	6,530
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,365	8,950	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,815	3,165	2,650	31.7	35.4	28.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	54,000	44,000	49,600	54,000	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	62,550	50,400	57,000	62,550	50,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,445	2,265	2,185	24.2	25.3	23.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	25,400	19,000	22,200	25,400	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,120	31,440	24,720	28,120	31,440	24,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.8	84.8	76.0	80.8	84.8	76.0
Employment income (%)	66.0	69.0	62.3	66.0	69.0	62.3
Government transfers (%)	19.1	15.3	24.1	19.1	15.3	24.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	29,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,900	...	...	75,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,100	...	...	64,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,705	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,280	...	...	39,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,160	...	...	34,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...	81,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	1.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	2.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	800	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	475	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	545	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	645	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	555	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	495	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	900	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	780	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	670	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	535	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,585	...	...	25.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	9.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	655	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	640	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	360	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	1.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	250	...	...	2.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	845	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	620	...	...	6.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	740	...	...	7.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	565	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,045	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	855	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	755	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	620	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	495	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,830	...	...	17.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	870	...	...	8.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	490	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	470	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,275	2,035	2,245	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800	36,400	28,800	31,800	36,400	28,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	32,400	27,600	29,400	32,400	27,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,365	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...	96,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...	81,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,800	...	...	71,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,100	...	...	106,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,100	...	...	59,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,240	2,010	2,230	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,360	43,560	33,680	38,360	43,560	33,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,480	37,160	30,200	33,480	37,160	30,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	20,935	10,285	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,190	1,645	1,545	15.2	16.0	14.5
0 to 5 years	855	440	415	4.1	4.3	3.9
18 to 64 years	12,250	6,055	6,195	58.5	58.9	58.2
65 years and over	5,495	2,580	2,910	26.2	25.1	27.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,390	1,460	1,925	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	470	235	235	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	160	80	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,475	680	795	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,445	550	900	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	14.2	18.1	16.2	14.2	18.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	14.3	15.2	14.8	14.3	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	18.4	17.5	19.6	18.4	17.5	19.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.2	12.8	12.0	11.2	12.8
65 years and over (%)	26.3	21.2	30.9	26.3	21.2	30.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,565	10,105	10,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,110	1,605	1,505	15.1	15.9	14.4
0 to 5 years	820	425	395	4.0	4.2	3.8
18 to 64 years	12,025	5,945	6,075	58.5	58.8	58.1
65 years and over	5,435	2,555	2,875	26.4	25.3	27.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	755	355	405	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	40	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	5	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	590	285	300	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	30	55	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.7	3.5	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.2	3.2	2.7	2.2	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	1.2	3.6	2.4	1.2	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.8	5.0	4.9	4.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.1	1.9	1.5	1.1	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	20,935	10,285	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,090	6,250	6,835	62.5	60.8	64.2
In bottom decile	2,640	1,135	1,505	12.6	11.0	14.1
In second decile	3,070	1,400	1,670	14.7	13.6	15.7
In third decile	2,640	1,285	1,355	12.6	12.5	12.7
In fourth decile	2,345	1,190	1,150	11.2	11.6	10.8
In fifth decile	2,400	1,245	1,155	11.5	12.1	10.8
In top half of the distribution	7,845	4,030	3,815	37.5	39.2	35.8
In sixth decile	2,040	1,050	990	9.7	10.2	9.3
In seventh decile	1,940	990	950	9.3	9.6	8.9
In eighth decile	1,775	910	870	8.5	8.8	8.2
In ninth decile	1,280	665	610	6.1	6.5	5.7
In top decile	800	410	395	3.8	4.0	3.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	20,935	...	...	20,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.456	...	...	0.456	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,225	10,485	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	445	220	230	2.1	2.1	2.1
French only	8,105	3,920	4,185	38.2	37.4	39.0
English and French	12,635	6,325	6,310	59.5	60.3	58.8
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,225	10,485	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,215	605	605	5.7	5.8	5.6
French	19,825	9,785	10,040	93.4	93.3	93.5
English and French	160	80	75	0.8	0.8	0.7
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,225	10,485	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,725	10,220	10,505	97.6	97.5	97.8
Official languages	20,385	10,035	10,345	96.0	95.7	96.3
English	1,010	490	520	4.8	4.7	4.8
French	19,375	9,545	9,830	91.3	91.0	91.5
Non-official languages	340	185	160	1.6	1.8	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	185	160	1.6	1.8	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	70	35	0.5	0.7	0.3
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	495	260	235	2.3	2.5	2.2
English and French	430	230	200	2.0	2.2	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,225	10,485	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	735	370	370	3.5	3.5	3.4
French	18,595	9,175	9,420	87.6	87.5	87.7
Non-official language	100	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	100	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	1,500	735	770	7.1	7.0	7.2
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	120	65	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,225	10,485	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,810	10,280	10,530	98.0	98.0	98.0
Official languages	20,620	10,180	10,445	97.1	97.1	97.3
English	990	495	490	4.7	4.7	4.6
French	19,635	9,680	9,950	92.5	92.3	92.6
Non-official languages	190	105	85	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	105	85	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	410	200	210	1.9	1.9	2.0
English and French	345	170	175	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,225	10,480	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,810	9,780	10,030	93.3	93.3	93.4
English	985	480	510	4.6	4.6	4.7
French	255	135	120	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-official language	105	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	110	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	20,925	10,220	10,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	20,905	10,210	10,700	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	12,900	6,465	6,425	61.6	63.3	60.0
French	20,505	10,000	10,505	98.0	97.8	98.1
Non-official languages	785	435	350	3.8	4.3	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	775	430	350	3.7	4.2	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	130	50	0.9	1.3	0.5
Berber languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	165	120	45	0.8	1.2	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	165	120	45	0.8	1.2	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haitian Creole	55	15	35	0.3	0.1	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	425	225	200	2.0	2.2	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	170	170	1.6	1.7	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Spanish	260	135	125	1.2	1.3	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,925	10,220	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	655	315	340	3.1	3.1	3.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	595	300	300	2.8	2.9	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	190	190	1.8	1.9	1.8
Métis	220	105	105	1.1	1.0	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	20,270	9,905	10,365	96.9	96.9	96.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,925	10,220	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	275	130	145	1.3	1.3	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,650	10,090	10,565	98.7	98.7	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,285	...	...	70.9	...	...
Renter	2,955	...	...	28.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	860	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not condominium	9,405	...	...	91.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,370	...	...	13.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,340	...	...	32.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,540	...	...	34.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,985	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,820	...	...	27.5	...	...
5 rooms	2,090	...	...	20.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,690	...	...	16.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,265	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,400	...	...	23.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,240	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,145	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,830	...	...	27.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,400	...	...	33.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,505	...	...	14.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,180	...	...	11.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	465	...	...	4.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	375	...	...	3.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...	1.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	325	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,560	...	...	93.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	710	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,045	...	...	58.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,070	...	...	39.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	235	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,080	...	...	10.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,295	...	...	12.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,550	...	...	15.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,400	...	...	23.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,305	...	...	22.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,115	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,710	...	...	86.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,330	...	...	13.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,050	...	...	20.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,235	...	...	12.0	...	...
Not suitable only	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	605	...	...	5.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,220	...	...	80.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	285	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	9,645	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,150	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.4	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	740	...	...	740	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	877	...	...	877	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	165,200	...	...	165,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,910	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.4	...	...	25.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	670	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	320	...	...	320	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	20,925	10,215	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	600	260	345	2.9	2.5	3.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	595	260	340	2.8	2.5	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	475	215	260	2.3	2.1	2.4
Métis single ancestry	125	45	75	0.6	0.4	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	610	320	290	2.9	3.1	2.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	605	320	285	2.9	3.1	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	580	305	275	2.8	3.0	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,715	9,645	10,075	94.2	94.4	94.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	20,930	10,220	10,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,260	9,845	10,415	96.8	96.3	97.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,025	1,540	1,490	14.5	15.1	13.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,235	8,310	8,925	82.3	81.3	83.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	670	375	300	3.2	3.7	2.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	20,930	10,220	10,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,915	9,700	10,215	95.2	94.9	95.4
Immigrants⁸¹	715	325	390	3.4	3.2	3.6
Before 1980	215	80	135	1.0	0.8	1.3
1980 to 1990	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	100	45	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	310	155	155	1.5	1.5	1.4
2011 to 2015	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
2016 to 2021	245	130	115	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	295	195	105	1.4	1.9	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	715	325	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	40	55	13.3	12.3	14.1
5 to 14 years	145	90	55	20.3	27.7	14.1
15 to 24 years	140	25	120	19.6	7.7	30.8
25 to 44 years	285	150	135	39.9	46.2	34.6
45 years and over	50	25	25	7.0	7.7	6.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	715	325	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	360	130	235	50.3	40.0	60.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	35	10	20	4.9	3.1	5.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	310	115	195	43.4	35.4	50.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	150	65	80	21.0	20.0	20.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	20	15	4.9	6.2	3.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	30	10	20	4.2	3.1	5.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.6
Other places of birth in Europe	50	15	30	7.0	4.6	7.7
Africa	150	90	55	21.0	27.7	14.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10	3.5	3.1	2.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	60	45	20	8.4	13.8	5.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	30	25	7.7	9.2	6.4
Asia	40	25	20	5.6	7.7	5.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	1.4	3.1	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	245	130	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	20	35	20.4	15.4	30.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	15	25	14.3	11.5	21.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	45	40	32.7	34.6	34.8
France	20	10	15	8.2	7.7	13.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	35	25	24.5	26.9	21.7
Africa	105	60	40	42.9	46.2	34.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10	10.2	7.7	8.7
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	30	10	14.3	23.1	8.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	6.1	7.7	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	4.1	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	20,925	10,220	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,240	605	640	5.9	5.9	6.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	955	495	455	4.6	4.8	4.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,730	9,115	9,610	89.5	89.2	89.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	500	245	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	265	150	120	53.0	61.2	48.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	90	15	21.0	36.7	6.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	60	105	33.0	24.5	42.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	95	115	42.0	38.8	46.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	0	10	3.0	0.0	4.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	2.0	0.0	4.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	500	245	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	3.0	0.0	4.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110	65	50	22.0	26.5	20.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	0	4.0	4.1	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	10	6.0	6.1	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	315	145	170	63.0	59.2	68.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	20,925	10,220	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	630	360	265	3.0	3.5	2.5
South Asian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	350	205	145	1.7	2.0	1.4
Filipino	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Arab	135	95	40	0.6	0.9	0.4
Latin American	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southeast Asian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,295	9,855	10,440	97.0	96.4	97.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	20,925	10,220	10,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,910	4,250	4,660	42.6	41.6	43.5
English	295	115	180	1.4	1.1	1.7
Irish	710	350	360	3.4	3.4	3.4
Scottish	210	95	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,390	2,180	2,215	21.0	21.3	20.7
German	110	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Chinese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italian	205	105	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indian (India)	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Polish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	635	290	340	3.0	2.8	3.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Filipino	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	1,965	900	1,065	9.4	8.8	9.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,195	575	625	5.7	5.6	5.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	435	225	210	2.1	2.2	2.0
Métis	150	55	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	185	75	105	0.9	0.7	1.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
American	340	185	155	1.6	1.8	1.4
Spanish	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	2,610	1,265	1,345	12.5	12.4	12.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lebanese	35	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	120	55	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Danish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	235	115	120	1.1	1.1	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Haitian	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	100	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	80	60	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	40	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	1,035	545	490	4.9	5.3	4.6
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	210	110	100	1.0	1.1	0.9
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	20,925	10,220	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Christian	18,130	8,650	9,480	86.6	84.6	88.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	910	430	480	4.3	4.2	4.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Baptist	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	16,695	7,980	8,720	79.8	78.1	81.5
Christian Orthodox	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	160	65	90	0.8	0.6	0.8
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	105	60	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Muslim	215	160	50	1.0	1.6	0.5
Sikh	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	2,515	1,390	1,125	12.0	13.6	10.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	20,805	10,155	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,020	9,310	9,710	91.4	91.7	91.2
Movers	1,785	845	940	8.6	8.3	8.8
Non-migrants	1,135	555	580	5.5	5.5	5.4
Migrants	655	295	365	3.1	2.9	3.4
Internal migrants	615	270	345	3.0	2.7	3.2
Intraprovincial migrants	420	180	235	2.0	1.8	2.2
Interprovincial migrants	195	85	105	0.9	0.8	1.0
External migrants	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,260	9,905	10,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,375	7,070	7,305	71.0	71.4	70.5
Movers	5,885	2,840	3,050	29.0	28.7	29.5
Non-migrants	2,310	1,105	1,210	11.4	11.2	11.7
Migrants	3,575	1,735	1,840	17.6	17.5	17.8
Internal migrants	3,115	1,475	1,635	15.4	14.9	15.8
Intraprovincial migrants	2,465	1,160	1,305	12.2	11.7	12.6
Interprovincial migrants	650	315	330	3.2	3.2	3.2
External migrants	465	260	200	2.3	2.6	1.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,365	8,950	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,175	2,135	2,035	22.7	23.9	21.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,190	6,810	7,380	77.3	76.1	78.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,985	5,440	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,375	835	540	12.5	15.3	9.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,610	4,605	5,005	87.5	84.7	90.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,365	8,945	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,895	1,955	1,940	21.2	21.9	20.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,155	2,635	2,520	28.1	29.5	26.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,310	4,355	4,955	50.7	48.7	52.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,305	3,145	3,165	34.3	35.2	33.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,335	1,455	880	12.7	16.3	9.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,440	780	665	7.8	8.7	7.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	895	675	220	4.9	7.5	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,425	1,505	1,920	18.6	16.8	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	180	360	2.9	2.0	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,005	1,210	1,795	16.4	13.5	19.1
Bachelor's degree	2,115	820	1,295	11.5	9.2	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	70	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.6
Master's degree	435	190	245	2.4	2.1	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	110	50	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,980	5,440	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,275	775	495	11.6	14.2	8.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,030	1,645	1,385	27.6	30.2	25.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,680	3,020	3,660	60.8	55.5	66.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,440	2,165	2,280	40.4	39.8	41.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,475	880	595	13.4	16.2	10.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	965	510	450	8.8	9.4	8.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	515	365	145	4.7	6.7	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,655	1,170	1,480	24.2	21.5	26.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	115	200	2.9	2.1	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,240	855	1,380	20.4	15.7	24.9
Bachelor's degree	1,590	600	990	14.5	11.0	17.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	40	100	1.4	0.7	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	60	50	1.0	1.1	0.9
Master's degree	315	115	195	2.9	2.1	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,360	8,945	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,055	4,590	4,460	49.3	51.3	47.4
Education	715	190	525	3.9	2.1	5.6
13. Education	715	190	525	3.9	2.1	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Humanities	170	70	100	0.9	0.8	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	180	400	3.2	2.0	4.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	25	155	1.0	0.3	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	90	30	60	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	145	45	105	0.8	0.5	1.1
45. Social sciences	100	60	45	0.5	0.7	0.5
Business, management and public administration	2,125	630	1,495	11.6	7.0	15.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	30	145	1.0	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,950	600	1,350	10.6	6.7	14.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	65	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	135	50	1.0	1.5	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	115	25	0.7	1.3	0.3
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,145	2,080	60	11.7	23.3	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	225	205	25	1.2	2.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	480	465	15	2.6	5.2	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	595	590	0	3.2	6.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	575	565	0	3.1	6.3	0.0
48. Precision production	250	235	10	1.4	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	210	80	1.6	2.3	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	165	15	1.0	1.8	0.2
Health and related fields	1,940	320	1,625	10.6	3.6	17.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,800	230	1,570	9.8	2.6	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	900	435	465	4.9	4.9	4.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	550	145	405	3.0	1.6	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	135	55	1.0	1.5	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	150	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,985	5,445	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,305	2,420	1,885	39.2	44.4	34.0
Education	415	95	325	3.8	1.7	5.9
13. Education	415	95	325	3.8	1.7	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
Humanities	105	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	430	110	325	3.9	2.0	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	130	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	45	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	120	30	90	1.1	0.6	1.6
45. Social sciences	65	40	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Business, management and public administration	1,575	430	1,145	14.3	7.9	20.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	15	115	1.1	0.3	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,445	415	1,030	13.2	7.6	18.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	120	35	1.4	2.2	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	105	30	1.1	1.9	0.5
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,450	1,400	50	13.2	25.7	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	160	140	15	1.5	2.6	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	355	345	10	3.2	6.3	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	370	365	0	3.4	6.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	370	365	0	3.4	6.7	0.0
48. Precision production	180	170	10	1.6	3.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	160	80	2.1	2.9	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	15	70	0.7	0.3	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	140	10	1.4	2.6	0.2
Health and related fields	1,430	235	1,200	13.0	4.3	21.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,330	170	1,160	12.1	3.1	20.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	350	335	6.2	6.4	6.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	85	285	3.4	1.6	5.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	175	130	45	1.6	2.4	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	135	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,985	5,445	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,305	2,420	1,885	39.2	44.4	34.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,680	3,020	3,660	60.8	55.5	66.1
Location of study inside Canada	6,325	2,830	3,495	57.6	52.0	63.1
Same as province or territory of residence	5,070	2,235	2,845	46.2	41.0	51.4
Different than province or territory of residence	1,245	600	650	11.3	11.0	11.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	360	190	165	3.3	3.5	3.0
Americas	120	50	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
United States of America	95	40	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	95	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Belgium	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
France	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	100	65	30	0.9	1.2	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Morocco	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Asia	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,365	8,945	9,415	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,300	5,380	4,915	...	...	...
Employed	9,425	4,885	4,540	...	...	...
Unemployed	875	500	375	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,065	3,570	4,500	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.1	60.1	52.2	56.1	60.1	52.2
Employment rate	51.3	54.6	48.2	51.3	54.6	48.2
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.3	7.6	8.5	9.3	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,360	8,945	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,635	3,295	4,340	41.6	36.8	46.1
Worked	10,730	5,655	5,080	58.4	63.2	54.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,935	3,230	2,710	32.3	36.1	28.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,790	2,425	2,365	26.1	27.1	25.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.3	41.7	42.1	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,295	5,380	4,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	45	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,190	5,335	4,855	99.0	99.2	98.7
Employee	9,250	4,720	4,525	89.8	87.7	92.0
Permanent position	7,565	3,820	3,745	73.5	71.0	76.1
Temporary position	1,680	905	780	16.3	16.8	15.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	375	165	210	3.6	3.1	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,305	735	570	12.7	13.7	11.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	945	615	330	9.2	11.4	6.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,295	5,380	4,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	45	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,190	5,335	4,855	99.0	99.2	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	130	95	40	1.3	1.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,425	405	1,020	13.8	7.5	20.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	440	380	65	4.3	7.1	1.3
3 Health occupations	1,355	260	1,090	13.2	4.8	22.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,150	370	780	11.2	6.9	15.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	65	90	1.5	1.2	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,890	1,290	1,595	28.1	24.0	32.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,535	1,475	60	14.9	27.4	1.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	295	270	25	2.9	5.0	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	830	735	95	8.1	13.7	1.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,295	5,380	4,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	45	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	10,190	5,335	4,855	99.0	99.2	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	360	320	40	3.5	5.9	0.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
23 Construction	480	440	40	4.7	8.2	0.8
31-33 Manufacturing	1,440	1,205	230	14.0	22.4	4.7
41 Wholesale trade	200	165	35	1.9	3.1	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,385	745	640	13.5	13.8	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	360	305	60	3.5	5.7	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	135	50	80	1.3	0.9	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	240	85	155	2.3	1.6	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	320	185	130	3.1	3.4	2.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	340	215	125	3.3	4.0	2.5
61 Educational services	650	215	430	6.3	4.0	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	2,205	465	1,740	21.4	8.6	35.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	60	80	1.3	1.1	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	610	190	415	5.9	3.5	8.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	425	195	235	4.1	3.6	4.8
91 Public administration	805	430	380	7.8	8.0	7.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,305	5,965	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	445	265	185	3.9	4.4	3.5
French	7,575	4,045	3,530	67.0	67.8	66.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,285	1,650	1,630	29.1	27.7	30.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,305	5,965	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,810	5,695	5,120	95.6	95.5	95.8
Official languages	10,810	5,695	5,120	95.6	95.5	95.8
English	830	465	360	7.3	7.8	6.7
French	9,980	5,225	4,760	88.3	87.6	89.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	495	270	230	4.4	4.5	4.3
English and French	495	265	230	4.4	4.4	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,305	5,965	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,515	4,575	3,940	75.3	76.7	73.7
English	2,405	1,180	1,225	21.3	19.8	22.9
French	385	210	180	3.4	3.5	3.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,420	4,885	4,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	890	460	430	9.4	9.4	9.5
Worked outside Canada	65	50	15	0.7	1.0	0.3
No fixed workplace address	1,075	855	215	11.4	17.5	4.7
Usual place of work	7,390	3,515	3,875	78.5	72.0	85.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,395	3,515	3,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,750	2,215	2,535	64.2	63.0	65.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,255	1,090	1,165	30.5	31.0	30.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	290	145	140	3.9	4.1	3.6
Commute to a different province or territory	95	60	35	1.3	1.7	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,460	4,375	4,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,020	4,125	3,895	94.8	94.3	95.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,525	3,880	3,645	88.9	88.7	89.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	490	240	255	5.8	5.5	6.2
Public transit	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Walked	240	135	105	2.8	3.1	2.6
Bicycle	30	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Other method	145	80	70	1.7	1.8	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,460	4,375	4,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,225	2,535	2,690	61.8	57.9	65.8
15 to 29 minutes	2,320	1,205	1,120	27.4	27.5	27.4
30 to 44 minutes	505	295	210	6.0	6.7	5.1
45 to 59 minutes	200	175	25	2.4	4.0	0.6
60 minutes and over	220	170	45	2.6	3.9	1.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,460	4,375	4,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	540	405	140	6.4	9.3	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,345	760	585	15.9	17.4	14.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,925	1,530	1,395	34.6	35.0	34.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,885	765	1,120	22.3	17.5	27.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	490	145	350	5.8	3.3	8.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,275	775	500	15.1	17.7	12.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,260	1,690	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,180	1,645	1,530	97.5	97.3	96.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	45	2.6	2.4	2.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,505	1,300	1,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,440	1,270	1,170	97.4	97.7	97.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,225	1,160	1,070	88.8	89.2	89.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	215	115	100	8.6	8.8	8.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	2.4	2.3	2.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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