Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Dawson Creek, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,323	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,178	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,189	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,405	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	461.1	...	...	461.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	26.72	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,325	6,060	6,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,325	1,180	1,140	18.9	19.5	18.2
0 to 4 years	775	405	370	6.3	6.7	5.9
5 to 9 years	830	405	425	6.7	6.7	6.8
10 to 14 years	715	370	340	5.8	6.1	5.4
15 to 64 years	8,275	4,160	4,115	67.1	68.6	65.7
15 to 19 years	705	385	315	5.7	6.4	5.0
20 to 24 years	900	490	415	7.3	8.1	6.6
25 to 29 years	1,035	520	515	8.4	8.6	8.2
30 to 34 years	1,075	555	525	8.7	9.2	8.4
35 to 39 years	950	475	475	7.7	7.8	7.6
40 to 44 years	775	370	400	6.3	6.1	6.4
45 to 49 years	705	350	350	5.7	5.8	5.6
50 to 54 years	685	305	380	5.6	5.0	6.1
55 to 59 years	760	385	375	6.2	6.4	6.0
60 to 64 years	690	325	365	5.6	5.4	5.8
65 years and over	1,725	715	1,010	14.0	11.8	16.1
65 to 69 years	555	260	295	4.5	4.3	4.7
70 to 74 years	420	165	255	3.4	2.7	4.1
75 to 79 years	270	120	155	2.2	2.0	2.5
80 to 84 years	210	80	135	1.7	1.3	2.2
85 years and over	265	90	175	2.2	1.5	2.8
85 to 89 years	175	60	115	1.4	1.0	1.8
90 to 94 years	85	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9	19.5	18.2	18.9	19.5	18.2
15 to 64 years	67.1	68.6	65.7	67.1	68.6	65.7
65 years and over	14.0	11.8	16.1	14.0	11.8	16.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.8	2.2	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	37.9	36.4	39.4	37.9	36.4	39.4
Median age of the population	35.6	34.0	37.2	35.6	34.0	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,305	...	...	61.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	5.5	...	...
Row house	340	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	160	...	...	3.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,080	...	...	20.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,950	...	...	36.1	...	...
2 persons	1,710	...	...	31.6	...	...
3 persons	800	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	600	...	...	11.1	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	6.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,070	5,945	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,005	4,880	5,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,075	2,550	2,525	50.7	52.3	49.3
Married	3,760	1,885	1,870	37.6	38.6	36.5
Living common-law	1,320	660	655	13.2	13.5	12.8
Living common law - Never married	1,020	520	500	10.2	10.7	9.8
Living common law - Separated	70	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	200	95	105	2.0	1.9	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	4,925	2,330	2,600	49.2	47.7	50.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,285	1,845	1,440	32.8	37.8	28.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	395	155	240	3.9	3.2	4.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	670	240	430	6.7	4.9	8.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	575	90	485	5.7	1.8	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,660	...	...	52.1	...	...
3 persons	720	...	...	22.6	...	...
4 persons	555	...	...	17.4	...	...
5 or more persons	255	...	...	8.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,465	...	...	77.5	...	...
Married couples	1,805	...	...	56.8	...	...
With children⁶	935	...	...	29.4	...	...
Without children	870	...	...	27.4	...	...
Common-law couples	660	...	...	20.8	...	...
With children⁶	295	...	...	9.3	...	...
Without children	365	...	...	11.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	720	...	...	22.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	560	...	...	17.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	160	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,070	5,940	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,055	4,440	4,610	75.0	74.7	75.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,920	2,465	2,460	40.8	41.5	40.2
Parents in one-parent families	720	160	565	6.0	2.7	9.2
Children⁶	3,410	1,820	1,590	28.3	30.6	26.0
In a two-parent family	2,275	1,180	1,095	18.8	19.9	17.9
In a one-parent family	1,135	640	500	9.4	10.8	8.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,020	1,505	1,520	25.0	25.3	24.8
Living alone	1,950	930	1,020	16.2	15.7	16.7
Living with other relatives⁷	310	135	175	2.6	2.3	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	760	440	320	6.3	7.4	5.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,855	...	...	52.8	...	...
Couple-family households	2,280	...	...	42.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,150	...	...	21.3	...	...
Without children	1,130	...	...	20.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	575	...	...	10.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	200	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	315	...	...	5.8	...	...
One-person households	1,950	...	...	36.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,430	4,590	4,840	96.7	96.3	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	55,600	38,000	44,800	55,600	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,450	4,600	4,850	96.9	96.5	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,200	35,200	40,800	49,200	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,375	4,185	4,195	85.9	87.8	84.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	53,600	30,200	40,400	53,600	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,355	3,795	3,560	75.4	79.6	71.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	56,000	32,800	42,400	56,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,670	3,430	4,240	78.6	72.0	85.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	8,800	11,600	10,100	8,800	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,225	590	635	12.6	12.4	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	6,160	6,280	6,280	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,705	1,340	1,365	27.7	28.1	27.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,425	4,600	4,825	96.6	96.5	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,450	66,100	45,320	55,450	66,100	45,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,445	4,610	4,835	96.8	96.7	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,400	54,700	40,400	47,400	54,700	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,370	4,165	4,205	85.8	87.4	84.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,550	63,750	39,480	51,550	63,750	39,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,355	3,775	3,580	75.4	79.2	71.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,650	64,200	40,480	52,650	64,200	40,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,600	3,415	4,185	77.9	71.7	83.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,010	11,310	12,570	12,010	11,310	12,570
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,195	645	550	12.3	13.5	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,620	7,160	8,120	7,620	7,160	8,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,665	1,375	1,290	27.3	28.9	25.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,860	9,730	9,280	8,860	9,730
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,415	1,825	1,595	35.0	38.3	32.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	75,500	54,400	65,500	75,500	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,500	83,500	60,000	72,500	83,500	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,110	1,560	1,550	31.9	32.7	31.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	34,000	20,000	25,800	34,000	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,520	49,600	27,320	38,520	49,600	27,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.6	87.4	76.0	82.6	87.4	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.0	79.8	66.2	74.0	79.8	66.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.4	12.7	24.1	17.4	12.7	24.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	4.7	7.3	5.8	4.7	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.0	5.7	4.7	4.0	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	325	175	150	3.3	3.7	3.0
With total income	9,435	4,590	4,840	96.7	96.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	645	265	385	6.8	5.8	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	935	365	570	9.9	8.0	11.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,370	515	855	14.5	11.2	17.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,240	465	775	13.1	10.1	16.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	450	630	11.5	9.8	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	910	420	495	9.6	9.2	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	735	350	380	7.8	7.6	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	575	355	220	6.1	7.7	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	445	305	145	4.7	6.6	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	380	225	150	4.0	4.9	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,110	880	235	11.8	19.2	4.9
$100,000 to $149,999	765	580	190	8.1	12.6	3.9
$150,000 and over	350	300	50	3.7	6.5	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	305	165	145	3.1	3.5	2.9
With after-tax income	9,450	4,600	4,845	96.9	96.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	675	280	400	7.1	6.1	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	970	375	590	10.3	8.2	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,570	595	975	16.6	12.9	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,425	565	860	15.1	12.3	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,235	545	695	13.1	11.8	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,015	490	525	10.7	10.7	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	755	460	290	8.0	10.0	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	530	345	185	5.6	7.5	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	435	280	160	4.6	6.1	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	245	180	65	2.6	3.9	1.3
$100,000 and over	600	495	105	6.3	10.8	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	335	270	65	3.5	5.9	1.3
$125,000 and over	265	225	40	2.8	4.9	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,400	970	1,425	24.6	20.4	28.6
With employment income	7,360	3,795	3,565	75.4	79.6	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	770	310	455	10.5	8.2	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	465	165	300	6.3	4.3	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	805	330	480	10.9	8.7	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	745	315	430	10.1	8.3	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	700	305	400	9.5	8.0	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	665	300	365	9.0	7.9	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	630	295	340	8.6	7.8	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	510	285	220	6.9	7.5	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	460	300	155	6.3	7.9	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	350	240	110	4.8	6.3	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	320	200	115	4.3	5.3	3.2
$100,000 and over	930	750	180	12.6	19.8	5.0
$100,000 to $124,999	410	305	105	5.6	8.0	2.9
$125,000 and over	515	445	75	7.0	11.7	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,200	4,460	4,740	94.3	93.6	95.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	58,000	34,000	43,200	58,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,220	4,460	4,760	94.5	93.6	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	50,000	31,200	38,800	50,000	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,340	4,165	4,175	85.5	87.4	83.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	58,000	30,800	42,000	58,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,535	3,865	3,665	77.2	81.1	73.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	58,000	32,000	43,200	58,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,065	2,410	3,655	62.2	50.6	73.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	4,880	7,650	6,700	4,880	7,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	905	440	470	9.3	9.2	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,120	7,650	6,800	6,120	7,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,115	4,425	4,695	93.4	92.9	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,300	68,200	41,240	54,300	68,200	41,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,135	4,425	4,710	93.6	92.9	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400	55,050	36,320	45,400	55,050	36,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,295	4,115	4,180	85.0	86.4	83.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,100	68,300	38,200	53,100	68,300	38,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,525	3,815	3,705	77.1	80.1	74.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,500	67,200	37,400	52,500	67,200	37,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,985	2,405	3,575	61.4	50.5	71.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,080	8,490	9,470	9,080	8,490	9,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	880	425	455	9.0	8.9	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,540	7,360	9,600	8,540	7,360	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,380	1,800	1,575	34.6	37.8	31.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	76,000	50,400	61,600	76,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,700	84,400	54,950	70,700	84,400	54,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,895	1,475	1,420	29.7	31.0	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	45,200	24,400	32,400	45,200	24,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,680	59,100	29,720	44,680	59,100	29,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.0	93.2	82.6	89.0	93.2	82.6
Employment income (%)	79.8	85.0	71.6	79.8	85.0	71.6
Government transfers (%)	11.0	6.8	17.5	11.0	6.8	17.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.3	1.5	1.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,950	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...	45,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,455	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,700	...	...	96,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,500	...	...	54,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,360	...	...	47,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	120,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	395	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	325	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,080	...	...	38.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	620	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	460	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	605	...	...	11.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	390	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	245	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	475	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	435	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	390	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	7.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	305	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,670	...	...	30.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	650	...	...	12.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	565	...	...	10.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	700	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,710	1,365	1,340	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	47,200	37,200	41,600	47,200	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	42,800	34,400	38,000	42,800	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,100	...	...	101,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...	119,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,800	...	...	142,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,200	...	...	120,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,600	...	...	76,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,770	1,380	1,390	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,600	58,600	44,640	51,600	58,600	44,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,040	49,800	40,320	45,040	49,800	40,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,075	5,945	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,720	1,400	1,325	22.5	23.5	21.6
0 to 5 years	955	485	465	7.9	8.2	7.6
18 to 64 years	7,765	3,880	3,880	64.3	65.3	63.3
65 years and over	1,590	660	925	13.2	11.1	15.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,390	600	785	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	395	210	185	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	70	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	705	305	395	...	...	...
65 years and over	295	85	205	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.5	10.2	12.9	11.5	10.2	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.7	14.9	14.3	14.7	14.9	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	14.8	16.0	15.6	14.8	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	7.9	10.2	9.0	7.9	10.2
65 years and over (%)	18.4	13.2	22.2	18.4	13.2	22.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,070	5,940	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,720	1,400	1,320	22.5	23.6	21.6
0 to 5 years	955	485	470	7.9	8.2	7.7
18 to 64 years	7,760	3,880	3,885	64.3	65.3	63.4
65 years and over	1,585	665	925	13.1	11.2	15.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	350	170	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	50	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	235	120	120	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	10	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.6	2.2	2.0	1.6	2.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,075	5,945	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,090	2,835	3,255	50.4	47.7	53.1
In bottom decile	1,315	580	730	10.9	9.8	11.9
In second decile	1,225	550	675	10.1	9.3	11.0
In third decile	1,150	545	610	9.5	9.2	10.0
In fourth decile	1,170	550	620	9.7	9.3	10.1
In fifth decile	1,230	605	625	10.2	10.2	10.2
In top half of the distribution	5,980	3,105	2,870	49.5	52.2	46.8
In sixth decile	1,190	600	590	9.9	10.1	9.6
In seventh decile	1,225	620	605	10.1	10.4	9.9
In eighth decile	1,230	660	575	10.2	11.1	9.4
In ninth decile	1,265	660	605	10.5	11.1	9.9
In top decile	1,065	570	495	8.8	9.6	8.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,070	...	...	12,070	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.420	...	...	0.420	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...	0.275	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,560	5,730	5,835	94.9	95.5	94.5
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	580	255	325	4.8	4.3	5.3
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,045	5,940	6,105	98.9	99.0	98.9
French	85	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
English and French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,905	5,870	6,035	97.8	97.8	97.7
Official languages	10,630	5,275	5,355	87.3	87.9	86.7
English	10,520	5,225	5,295	86.4	87.1	85.7
French	105	50	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
Non-official languages	1,275	595	680	10.5	9.9	11.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,245	580	660	10.2	9.7	10.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	490	210	280	4.0	3.5	4.5
Bikol	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	415	175	240	3.4	2.9	3.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	545	270	280	4.5	4.5	4.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	160	80	85	1.3	1.3	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
German	115	55	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	140	110	2.1	2.3	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	235	135	105	1.9	2.3	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	95	80	1.4	1.6	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	270	130	140	2.2	2.2	2.3
English and French	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	200	100	105	1.6	1.7	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,730	5,300	5,430	88.1	88.3	87.9
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	260	130	125	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous	255	125	130	2.1	2.1	2.1
English and French	75	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,055	500	555	8.7	8.3	9.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,895	5,865	6,035	97.7	97.8	97.7
Official languages	11,185	5,505	5,675	91.9	91.8	91.9
English	11,160	5,490	5,670	91.7	91.5	91.8
French	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official languages	715	365	355	5.9	6.1	5.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	705	350	350	5.8	5.8	5.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	295	140	160	2.4	2.3	2.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	120	150	2.2	2.0	2.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	290	155	130	2.4	2.6	2.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	185	100	85	1.5	1.7	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	180	95	80	1.5	1.6	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	75	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	275	135	150	2.3	2.3	2.4
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	250	120	130	2.1	2.0	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,175	6,000	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,255	5,560	5,700	92.4	92.7	92.3
English	385	200	190	3.2	3.3	3.1
French	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	370	165	205	3.0	2.8	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	350	155	195	2.9	2.6	3.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,075	5,945	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	12,050	5,935	6,115	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	12,050	5,935	6,115	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	640	270	375	5.3	4.5	6.1
Non-official languages	1,790	835	955	14.8	14.0	15.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,725	800	920	14.3	13.5	15.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	630	240	390	5.2	4.0	6.4
Bikol	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	625	235	385	5.2	4.0	6.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	130	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	130	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	750	430	325	6.2	7.2	5.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	100	45	1.2	1.7	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	145	100	45	1.2	1.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian	110	75	35	0.9	1.3	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	170	90	85	1.4	1.5	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
German	100	50	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	315	190	120	2.6	3.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	300	190	110	2.5	3.2	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	105	65	45	0.9	1.1	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	155	85	2.0	2.6	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	60	80	1.2	1.0	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	45	65	0.9	0.8	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,070	5,940	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,835	920	920	15.2	15.5	15.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,765	885	880	14.6	14.9	14.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,020	480	535	8.5	8.1	8.7
Métis	735	395	345	6.1	6.6	5.6
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	10,235	5,030	5,210	84.8	84.7	85.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,070	5,940	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	590	245	345	4.9	4.1	5.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,485	5,700	5,785	95.2	96.0	94.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,145	...	...	58.2	...	...
Renter	2,260	...	...	41.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	300	...	...	5.6	...	...
Not condominium	5,105	...	...	94.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	725	...	...	13.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,445	...	...	26.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,750	...	...	32.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,435	...	...	26.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,655	...	...	30.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,025	...	...	19.0	...	...
6 rooms	710	...	...	13.1	...	...
7 rooms	665	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,360	...	...	25.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,300	...	...	98.1	...	...
More than one person per room	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,180	...	...	95.8	...	...
Not suitable	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,285	...	...	23.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,895	...	...	35.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	445	...	...	8.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	515	...	...	9.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...	2.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	480	...	...	8.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...	7.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	235	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,945	...	...	91.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,215	...	...	59.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,055	...	...	38.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	385	...	...	7.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,125	...	...	20.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	955	...	...	17.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	840	...	...	15.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	930	...	...	17.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	665	...	...	12.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	350	...	...	6.5	...	...
85 years and over	160	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,385	...	...	81.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,000	...	...	18.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	925	...	...	17.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,560	...	...	28.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	915	...	...	16.9	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	350	...	...	6.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,845	...	...	71.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	570	...	...	10.7	...	...
Not in core need	4,735	...	...	89.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,150	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	67.3	...	...	67.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.3	...	...	11.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,334	...	...	1,334	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	302,000	...	...	302,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,255	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.6	...	...	28.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...	1,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,109	...	...	1,109	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,070	5,945	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	700	340	360	5.8	5.7	5.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	660	320	335	5.5	5.4	5.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	500	230	270	4.1	3.9	4.4
Métis single ancestry	160	90	65	1.3	1.5	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,070	540	535	8.9	9.1	8.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,035	520	515	8.6	8.7	8.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	765	380	380	6.3	6.4	6.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	260	130	130	2.2	2.2	2.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,300	5,060	5,235	85.3	85.1	85.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,070	5,945	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,995	5,375	5,615	91.1	90.4	91.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,605	1,305	1,300	21.6	22.0	21.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,390	4,070	4,315	69.5	68.5	70.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,080	565	510	8.9	9.5	8.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,070	5,945	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,420	5,165	5,255	86.3	86.9	85.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,205	530	670	10.0	8.9	10.9
Before 1980	180	75	105	1.5	1.3	1.7
1980 to 1990	85	20	60	0.7	0.3	1.0
1991 to 2000	85	30	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
2001 to 2010	155	50	100	1.3	0.8	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	705	355	350	5.8	6.0	5.7
2011 to 2015	280	120	155	2.3	2.0	2.5
2016 to 2021	425	230	200	3.5	3.9	3.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	445	245	200	3.7	4.1	3.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,205	530	675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	115	55	65	9.5	10.4	9.6
5 to 14 years	275	145	135	22.8	27.4	20.0
15 to 24 years	165	55	110	13.7	10.4	16.3
25 to 44 years	540	230	310	44.8	43.4	45.9
45 years and over	110	45	60	9.1	8.5	8.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,205	530	675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	55	95	12.9	10.4	14.1
Brazil	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	2.9	4.7	1.5
Mexico	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	30	55	7.5	5.7	8.1
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	225	105	125	18.7	19.8	18.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	35	10	25	2.9	1.9	3.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	25	10	10	2.1	1.9	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	1.2	1.9	1.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	75	30	50	6.2	5.7	7.4
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	20	3.7	4.7	3.0
Africa	55	40	20	4.6	7.5	3.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	2.1	3.8	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	1.7	0.0	1.5
Asia	765	330	440	63.5	62.3	65.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	35	10	20	2.9	1.9	3.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	520	225	295	43.2	42.5	43.7
Viet Nam	20	0	10	1.7	0.0	1.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	65	55	10.0	12.3	8.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	30	3.3	1.9	4.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	430	230	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	30	10	9.3	13.0	5.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	8.1	10.9	5.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	15	7.0	8.7	7.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	3.5	0.0	5.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	355	185	165	82.6	80.4	84.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	55	45	23.3	23.9	23.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	230	120	115	53.5	52.2	59.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,075	5,940	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,760	850	910	14.6	14.3	14.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,550	730	825	12.8	12.3	13.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,765	4,365	4,395	72.6	73.5	71.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,025	460	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	725	350	370	70.7	76.1	64.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	280	140	140	27.3	30.4	24.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	440	210	230	42.9	45.7	40.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	265	85	180	25.9	18.5	31.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	15	2.9	4.3	2.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,025	460	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	265	115	150	25.9	25.0	26.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	5.4	7.6	3.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	45	30	7.3	9.8	5.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	625	260	360	61.0	56.5	63.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,070	5,940	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,630	755	875	13.5	12.7	14.3
South Asian	450	265	180	3.7	4.5	2.9
Chinese	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Black	125	75	50	1.0	1.3	0.8
Filipino	665	255	405	5.5	4.3	6.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	40	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Southeast Asian	175	60	110	1.4	1.0	1.8
West Asian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,440	5,195	5,245	86.5	87.5	85.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,070	5,945	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,815	970	845	15.0	16.3	13.8
English	2,810	1,395	1,410	23.3	23.5	23.0
Irish	2,210	930	1,285	18.3	15.6	21.0
Scottish	2,255	1,065	1,185	18.7	17.9	19.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,245	580	670	10.3	9.8	10.9
German	2,100	1,040	1,065	17.4	17.5	17.4
Chinese	125	50	75	1.0	0.8	1.2
Italian	270	105	170	2.2	1.8	2.8
Indian (India)	285	155	130	2.4	2.6	2.1
Ukrainian	605	325	275	5.0	5.5	4.5
Dutch	520	240	280	4.3	4.0	4.6
Polish	330	165	165	2.7	2.8	2.7
Québécois	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	410	210	205	3.4	3.5	3.3
Filipino	705	260	445	5.8	4.4	7.3
French Canadian	125	65	60	1.0	1.1	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	175	195	3.1	2.9	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	530	265	265	4.4	4.5	4.3
Métis	495	260	235	4.1	4.4	3.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	325	145	180	2.7	2.4	2.9
Russian	335	190	140	2.8	3.2	2.3
Norwegian	850	335	515	7.0	5.6	8.4
Welsh	315	145	170	2.6	2.4	2.8
Portuguese	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
American	290	140	150	2.4	2.4	2.4
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	410	170	240	3.4	2.9	3.9
Hungarian	185	95	95	1.5	1.6	1.6
Acadian	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	45	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Punjabi	95	75	20	0.8	1.3	0.3
Vietnamese	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jamaican	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	440	200	240	3.6	3.4	3.9
Korean	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	150	50	100	1.2	0.8	1.6
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	25	50	0.7	0.4	0.8
Danish	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	75	60	1.2	1.3	1.0
Sikh	65	45	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
Austrian	100	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belgian	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Swiss	80	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Finnish	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	80	55	25	0.7	0.9	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	85	45	45	0.7	0.8	0.7
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	60	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	95	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,070	5,940	6,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Christian	4,385	1,860	2,520	36.3	31.3	41.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,135	540	595	9.4	9.1	9.7
Anabaptist	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	255	60	190	2.1	1.0	3.1
Baptist	105	40	65	0.9	0.7	1.1
Catholic	1,585	725	855	13.1	12.2	13.9
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Latter Day Saints	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Lutheran	220	95	125	1.8	1.6	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	180	85	95	1.5	1.4	1.5
Presbyterian	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	350	115	240	2.9	1.9	3.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	305	105	195	2.5	1.8	3.2
Hindu	80	50	25	0.7	0.8	0.4
Jewish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Sikh	205	130	75	1.7	2.2	1.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	65	80	1.2	1.1	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	7,170	3,790	3,375	59.4	63.8	55.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,955	5,880	6,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,890	4,870	5,015	82.7	82.8	82.6
Movers	2,065	1,005	1,055	17.3	17.1	17.4
Non-migrants	1,415	685	725	11.8	11.6	11.9
Migrants	655	320	335	5.5	5.4	5.5
Internal migrants	540	275	270	4.5	4.7	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	280	140	145	2.3	2.4	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	265	135	125	2.2	2.3	2.1
External migrants	115	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,295	5,530	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,680	2,630	3,050	50.3	47.6	52.9
Movers	5,610	2,895	2,720	49.7	52.4	47.1
Non-migrants	2,580	1,310	1,265	22.8	23.7	21.9
Migrants	3,040	1,585	1,455	26.9	28.7	25.2
Internal migrants	2,365	1,230	1,140	20.9	22.2	19.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,605	800	805	14.2	14.5	14.0
Interprovincial migrants	760	425	335	6.7	7.7	5.8
External migrants	665	355	310	5.9	6.4	5.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,400	1,255	1,145	24.6	26.3	22.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,360	3,510	3,850	75.4	73.7	77.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,605	3,215	3,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,200	655	545	18.2	20.4	16.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,405	2,565	2,845	81.8	79.8	83.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,125	1,085	1,050	21.8	22.8	21.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,005	1,420	1,585	30.8	29.8	31.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,620	2,260	2,360	47.4	47.4	47.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,305	1,805	1,505	33.9	37.9	30.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,170	975	195	12.0	20.5	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	370	260	115	3.8	5.5	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	795	715	85	8.1	15.0	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,845	720	1,120	18.9	15.1	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	110	185	3.0	2.3	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,315	460	855	13.5	9.7	17.1
Bachelor's degree	1,005	335	670	10.3	7.0	13.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	40	55	1.0	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	175	60	120	1.8	1.3	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,605	3,215	3,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,025	530	495	15.5	16.5	14.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,035	980	1,060	30.8	30.5	31.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,545	1,710	1,835	53.7	53.2	54.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,490	1,370	1,120	37.7	42.6	33.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	910	785	125	13.8	24.4	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	195	70	3.9	6.1	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	645	590	55	9.8	18.4	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,365	515	845	20.7	16.0	24.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	75	145	3.4	2.3	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,050	335	710	15.9	10.4	20.9
Bachelor's degree	805	255	545	12.2	7.9	16.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	20	40	1.0	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	155	45	110	2.3	1.4	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,135	2,505	2,630	52.6	52.6	52.7
Education	370	60	310	3.8	1.3	6.2
13. Education	370	60	310	3.8	1.3	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	50	0.8	0.6	1.0
Humanities	155	45	105	1.6	0.9	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	305	100	205	3.1	2.1	4.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	10	80	0.9	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	30	20	0.6	0.6	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	60	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	65	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	905	295	610	9.3	6.2	12.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	15	120	1.3	0.3	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	765	275	485	7.8	5.8	9.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	15	0.7	1.2	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,375	1,265	110	14.1	26.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	80	65	20	0.8	1.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	315	280	35	3.2	5.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	400	375	25	4.1	7.9	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	390	30	4.2	8.2	0.6
48. Precision production	160	160	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	60	1.6	2.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	35	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	65	25	1.0	1.4	0.5
Health and related fields	850	130	725	8.7	2.7	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	830	110	720	8.5	2.3	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	130	145	2.8	2.7	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	65	105	1.7	1.4	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	65	15	0.8	1.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,610	3,215	3,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,060	1,510	1,560	46.3	47.0	46.0
Education	290	55	240	4.4	1.7	7.1
13. Education	290	55	240	4.4	1.7	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	40	45	1.3	1.2	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	45	1.1	0.9	1.3
Humanities	100	25	75	1.5	0.8	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
54. History	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	85	165	3.8	2.6	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	10	60	1.1	0.3	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	55	15	35	0.8	0.5	1.0
45. Social sciences	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
Business, management and public administration	655	185	470	9.9	5.8	13.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	10	100	1.7	0.3	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	540	170	365	8.2	5.3	10.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	25	30	0.8	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	15	0.9	1.2	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,065	985	80	16.1	30.6	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	70	50	15	1.1	1.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	220	25	3.7	6.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	315	305	15	4.8	9.5	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	300	15	4.8	9.3	0.4
48. Precision production	115	115	0	1.7	3.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	60	50	1.6	1.9	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	55	30	1.1	1.7	0.9
Health and related fields	660	95	565	10.0	3.0	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	650	90	560	9.8	2.8	16.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	220	115	100	3.3	3.6	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	55	85	2.1	1.7	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	15	1.1	1.9	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,610	3,215	3,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,510	1,560	46.3	47.0	46.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,545	1,710	1,840	53.6	53.2	54.3
Location of study inside Canada	2,955	1,485	1,470	44.7	46.2	43.4
Same as province or territory of residence	2,100	1,085	1,010	31.8	33.7	29.8
Different than province or territory of residence	855	400	455	12.9	12.4	13.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	590	220	370	8.9	6.8	10.9
Americas	70	20	50	1.1	0.6	1.5
United States of America	35	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Europe	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	450	180	270	6.8	5.6	8.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Philippines	275	110	165	4.2	3.4	4.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	55	65	1.8	1.7	1.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,755	4,765	4,990	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,790	3,570	3,220	...	...	...
Employed	6,125	3,175	2,950	...	...	...
Unemployed	665	395	270	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,965	1,195	1,765	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.6	74.9	64.5	69.6	74.9	64.5
Employment rate	62.8	66.6	59.1	62.8	66.6	59.1
Unemployment rate	9.8	11.1	8.4	9.8	11.1	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,755	4,765	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,040	1,270	1,765	31.2	26.7	35.4
Worked	6,720	3,495	3,225	68.9	73.3	64.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,455	1,855	1,595	35.4	38.9	32.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,265	1,640	1,630	33.5	34.4	32.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.5	41.3	41.4	41.5	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,790	3,570	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.1	2.2	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,645	3,485	3,160	97.9	97.6	98.0
Employee	5,970	3,065	2,905	87.9	85.9	90.1
Permanent position	5,145	2,675	2,475	75.8	74.9	76.7
Temporary position	825	390	435	12.2	10.9	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	275	115	155	4.1	3.2	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	550	270	280	8.1	7.6	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	680	425	250	10.0	11.9	7.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,790	3,570	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.1	2.2	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,645	3,485	3,160	97.9	97.6	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	785	185	600	11.6	5.2	18.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	190	35	3.3	5.3	1.1
3 Health occupations	550	85	470	8.1	2.4	14.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	900	260	640	13.3	7.3	19.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	45	35	1.2	1.3	1.1
6 Sales and service occupations	1,915	750	1,160	28.2	21.0	36.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,470	1,315	155	21.6	36.8	4.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	285	265	20	4.2	7.4	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	400	370	25	5.9	10.4	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,790	3,570	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.1	2.2	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	6,645	3,485	3,160	97.9	97.6	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	90	15	1.5	2.5	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	545	490	60	8.0	13.7	1.9
22 Utilities	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
23 Construction	605	520	85	8.9	14.6	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	265	225	40	3.9	6.3	1.2
41 Wholesale trade	195	155	40	2.9	4.3	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	985	490	495	14.5	13.7	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	430	305	125	6.3	8.5	3.9
51 Information and cultural industries	60	35	25	0.9	1.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	135	30	105	2.0	0.8	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	40	35	1.2	1.1	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	145	75	3.2	4.1	2.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	95	105	2.9	2.7	3.3
61 Educational services	500	140	360	7.4	3.9	11.2
62 Health care and social assistance	955	175	780	14.1	4.9	24.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	40	55	1.4	1.1	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	620	210	410	9.1	5.9	12.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	285	155	125	4.2	4.3	3.9
91 Public administration	345	120	220	5.1	3.4	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,220	3,745	3,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,120	3,705	3,415	98.6	98.9	98.1
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,220	3,745	3,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,220	3,745	3,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,210	3,740	3,470	99.9	99.9	99.7
English	7,185	3,730	3,455	99.5	99.6	99.3
French	20	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,220	3,745	3,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,145	3,715	3,430	99.0	99.2	98.6
English	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	50	20	30	0.7	0.5	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	25	0.7	0.5	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,125	3,170	2,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	400	135	270	6.5	4.3	9.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,245	965	285	20.3	30.4	9.7
Usual place of work	4,475	2,070	2,400	73.1	65.3	81.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,475	2,070	2,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,850	1,680	2,170	86.0	81.2	90.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	290	200	85	6.5	9.7	3.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	235	110	120	5.3	5.3	5.0
Commute to a different province or territory	95	70	25	2.1	3.4	1.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,720	3,030	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,245	2,815	2,435	91.7	92.9	90.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,785	2,580	2,200	83.7	85.1	82.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	465	235	235	8.1	7.8	8.8
Public transit	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Walked	375	175	200	6.6	5.8	7.5
Bicycle	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Other method	55	30	25	1.0	1.0	0.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,720	3,030	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,945	1,815	2,130	69.0	59.9	79.5
15 to 29 minutes	855	490	370	14.9	16.2	13.8
30 to 44 minutes	425	310	110	7.4	10.2	4.1
45 to 59 minutes	175	150	25	3.1	5.0	0.9
60 minutes and over	315	270	45	5.5	8.9	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,720	3,030	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	430	375	55	7.5	12.4	2.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	975	700	275	17.0	23.1	10.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,470	740	725	25.7	24.4	27.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,345	525	815	23.5	17.3	30.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	685	255	435	12.0	8.4	16.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	810	440	375	14.2	14.5	14.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,765	1,430	1,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	65	60	4.7	4.5	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,645	1,360	1,280	95.7	95.1	95.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,935	995	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	40	4.1	4.5	4.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	25	2.6	2.5	2.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	25	10	1.6	2.5	1.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,855	945	905	95.9	95.0	95.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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