Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Churchill--Keewatinook AskiMore information: Manitoba [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	81,258	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	86,908^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 6.5	...	...	- 6.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	29,990	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,243	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.2	...	...	0.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	420,975.01	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	81,255	40,970	40,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	24,270	12,330	11,940	29.9	30.1	29.6
0 to 4 years	7,900	4,075	3,825	9.7	9.9	9.5
5 to 9 years	8,100	4,155	3,950	10.0	10.1	9.8
10 to 14 years	8,265	4,095	4,170	10.2	10.0	10.3
15 to 64 years	49,655	24,930	24,725	61.1	60.8	61.4
15 to 19 years	6,520	3,305	3,215	8.0	8.1	8.0
20 to 24 years	5,765	2,970	2,790	7.1	7.2	6.9
25 to 29 years	5,765	2,865	2,900	7.1	7.0	7.2
30 to 34 years	5,355	2,690	2,670	6.6	6.6	6.6
35 to 39 years	4,630	2,290	2,340	5.7	5.6	5.8
40 to 44 years	4,315	2,070	2,240	5.3	5.1	5.6
45 to 49 years	4,290	2,125	2,170	5.3	5.2	5.4
50 to 54 years	4,370	2,200	2,170	5.4	5.4	5.4
55 to 59 years	4,560	2,300	2,255	5.6	5.6	5.6
60 to 64 years	4,085	2,105	1,975	5.0	5.1	4.9
65 years and over	7,330	3,710	3,620	9.0	9.1	9.0
65 to 69 years	2,940	1,520	1,420	3.6	3.7	3.5
70 to 74 years	2,030	1,075	955	2.5	2.6	2.4
75 to 79 years	1,165	590	575	1.4	1.4	1.4
80 to 84 years	750	355	395	0.9	0.9	1.0
85 years and over	450	170	280	0.6	0.4	0.7
85 to 89 years	305	125	175	0.4	0.3	0.4
90 to 94 years	120	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.9	30.1	29.6	29.9	30.1	29.6
15 to 64 years	61.1	60.8	61.4	61.1	60.8	61.4
65 years and over	9.0	9.1	9.0	9.0	9.1	9.0
85 years and over	0.6	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.4	0.7
Average age of the population	32.0	31.9	32.1	32.0	31.9	32.1
Median age of the population	28.6	28.2	28.8	28.6	28.2	28.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	17,730	...	...	73.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	830	...	...	3.4	...	...
Row house	1,215	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	360	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,340	...	...	9.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	170	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,555	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,495	...	...	22.7	...	...
2 persons	6,100	...	...	25.2	...	...
3 persons	3,485	...	...	14.4	...	...
4 persons	3,155	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	6,005	...	...	24.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80,425	40,465	39,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	56,990	28,640	28,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	27,045	13,545	13,495	47.5	47.3	47.6
Married	18,925	9,505	9,415	33.2	33.2	33.2
Living common-law	8,120	4,040	4,080	14.2	14.1	14.4
Living common law - Never married	6,940	3,435	3,505	12.2	12.0	12.4
Living common law - Separated	335	180	155	0.6	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	700	365	335	1.2	1.3	1.2
Living common law - Widowed	145	60	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	29,940	15,090	14,850	52.5	52.7	52.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	23,765	12,615	11,145	41.7	44.0	39.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,560	745	815	2.7	2.6	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,940	945	995	3.4	3.3	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,675	780	1,890	4.7	2.7	6.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	20,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,505	...	...	41.7	...	...
3 persons	4,540	...	...	22.3	...	...
4 persons	3,305	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 or more persons	4,035	...	...	19.8	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	20,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,140	...	...	64.5	...	...
Married couples	9,075	...	...	44.5	...	...
With children⁶	5,445	...	...	26.7	...	...
Without children	3,635	...	...	17.8	...	...
Common-law couples	4,060	...	...	19.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,570	...	...	12.6	...	...
Without children	1,490	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	7,245	...	...	35.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	5,160	...	...	25.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	2,090	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	80,425	40,460	39,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	68,240	33,675	34,570	84.8	83.2	86.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	26,275	13,115	13,155	32.7	32.4	32.9
Parents in one-parent families	7,240	2,085	5,155	9.0	5.2	12.9
Children⁶	34,725	18,470	16,255	43.2	45.7	40.7
In a two-parent family	19,550	10,345	9,205	24.3	25.6	23.0
In a one-parent family	15,175	8,120	7,050	18.9	20.1	17.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,185	6,790	5,395	15.2	16.8	13.5
Living alone	5,495	3,190	2,305	6.8	7.9	5.8
Living with other relatives⁷	5,030	2,585	2,440	6.3	6.4	6.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,660	1,010	655	2.1	2.5	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	13,340	...	...	55.0	...	...
Couple-family households	9,940	...	...	41.0	...	...
With children⁶	5,920	...	...	24.4	...	...
Without children	4,025	...	...	16.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,395	...	...	14.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	2,625	...	...	10.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	320	...	...	1.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,505	...	...	6.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	960	...	...	4.0	...	...
One-person households	5,495	...	...	22.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	56,180	28,145	28,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,010	27,000	27,005	96.1	95.9	96.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	30,400	32,000	31,200	30,400	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,045	27,020	27,030	96.2	96.0	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	29,200	30,600	29,800	29,200	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,560	19,495	18,065	66.9	69.3	64.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,200	28,200	30,600	33,200	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,205	17,375	15,835	59.1	61.7	56.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	32,000	29,400	30,800	32,000	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50,720	25,150	25,565	90.3	89.4	91.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	5,600	11,600	9,000	5,600	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,235	3,865	3,370	12.9	13.7	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,750	6,200	6,400	6,750	6,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,615	8,610	9,015	31.4	30.6	32.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	56,090	28,095	28,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,945	27,005	26,940	96.2	96.1	96.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,080	43,120	39,040	41,080	43,120	39,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,985	27,030	26,960	96.2	96.2	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,200	36,840	35,560	36,200	36,840	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,480	19,460	18,025	66.8	69.3	64.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,120	47,680	38,160	43,120	47,680	38,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,170	17,425	15,745	59.1	62.0	56.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,480	45,920	38,680	42,480	45,920	38,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50,620	25,140	25,480	90.2	89.5	91.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,850	9,380	14,280	11,850	9,380	14,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,350	3,850	3,500	13.1	13.7	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,650	7,710	8,200	8,650	7,710
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,355	8,515	8,840	30.9	30.3	31.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,210	10,190	10,200	10,210	10,190
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	56,090	28,095	27,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,760	8,460	7,300	28.1	30.1	26.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	58,800	51,600	54,800	58,800	51,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,600	66,500	58,150	62,600	66,500	58,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	10,435	5,345	5,095	18.6	19.0	18.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	18,600	16,200	17,600	18,600	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	31,680	24,180	28,000	31,680	24,180
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.0	79.8	65.4	73.0	79.8	65.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.6	68.8	57.9	63.6	68.8	57.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.1	20.3	34.6	27.1	20.3	34.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.4	8.4	10.6	9.4	8.4	10.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.0	7.5	8.6	8.0	7.5	8.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	56,180	28,145	28,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,170	1,145	1,030	3.9	4.1	3.7
With total income	54,010	27,000	27,005	96.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,940	5,890	5,055	20.3	21.8	18.7
$10,000 to $19,999	6,985	3,490	3,495	12.9	12.9	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	8,265	3,990	4,275	15.3	14.8	15.8
$30,000 to $39,999	6,350	2,940	3,410	11.8	10.9	12.6
$40,000 to $49,999	5,435	2,335	3,100	10.1	8.6	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,870	1,650	2,220	7.2	6.1	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	1,100	1,485	4.8	4.1	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,980	975	1,005	3.7	3.6	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	855	790	3.0	3.2	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,530	815	720	2.8	3.0	2.7
$100,000 and over	4,420	2,955	1,470	8.2	10.9	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	3,465	2,220	1,250	6.4	8.2	4.6
$150,000 and over	955	730	220	1.8	2.7	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	56,180	28,145	28,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,135	1,120	1,010	3.8	4.0	3.6
With after-tax income	54,050	27,020	27,025	96.2	96.0	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,075	5,935	5,140	20.5	22.0	19.0
$10,000 to $19,999	7,235	3,620	3,610	13.4	13.4	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	8,785	4,230	4,550	16.3	15.7	16.8
$30,000 to $39,999	7,030	3,335	3,700	13.0	12.3	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	5,745	2,490	3,255	10.6	9.2	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,920	1,740	2,175	7.3	6.4	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,790	1,345	1,445	5.2	5.0	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,455	1,295	1,155	4.5	4.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,765	1,015	745	3.3	3.8	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	725	515	2.3	2.7	1.9
$100,000 and over	2,015	1,285	730	3.7	4.8	2.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,335	810	525	2.5	3.0	1.9
$125,000 and over	685	475	210	1.3	1.8	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	56,180	28,145	28,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	22,975	10,770	12,200	40.9	38.3	43.5
With employment income	33,210	17,375	15,835	59.1	61.7	56.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,645	2,915	2,730	17.0	16.8	17.2
$5,000 to $9,999	2,960	1,535	1,425	8.9	8.8	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	4,170	2,140	2,030	12.6	12.3	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,590	1,745	1,845	10.8	10.0	11.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,485	1,665	1,820	10.5	9.6	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,520	1,140	1,385	7.6	6.6	8.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,900	860	1,035	5.7	4.9	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,505	750	750	4.5	4.3	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	715	605	4.0	4.1	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,335	715	620	4.0	4.1	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,330	755	575	4.0	4.3	3.6
$100,000 and over	3,450	2,440	1,010	10.4	14.0	6.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,850	1,205	645	5.6	6.9	4.1
$125,000 and over	1,600	1,230	370	4.8	7.1	2.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	56,180	28,145	28,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,900	24,860	25,045	88.8	88.3	89.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	27,800	27,800	27,800	27,800	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,915	24,860	25,055	88.8	88.3	89.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	26,800	26,800	26,800	26,800	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,555	19,445	18,115	66.8	69.1	64.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	31,400	27,400	29,400	31,400	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,220	17,840	16,380	60.9	63.4	58.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	29,800	28,200	29,000	29,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	44,745	22,145	22,600	79.6	78.7	80.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,960	1,350	8,100	3,960	1,350	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,100	3,900	3,200	12.6	13.9	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,500	8,400	6,320	7,500	8,400	6,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	56,090	28,095	28,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,785	24,780	25,005	88.8	88.2	89.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,040	41,840	36,280	39,040	41,840	36,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,795	24,785	25,010	88.8	88.2	89.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,160	32,880	34,000	35,160	32,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,425	19,240	18,180	66.7	68.5	64.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,800	46,960	36,360	41,800	46,960	36,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	34,100	17,705	16,405	60.8	63.0	58.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,280	45,680	36,520	41,280	45,680	36,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,660	22,115	22,545	79.6	78.7	80.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,480	6,030	10,890	8,480	6,030	10,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,140	3,865	3,270	12.7	13.8	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	9,280	8,220	8,800	9,280	8,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	56,090	28,095	27,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,625	8,370	7,250	27.9	29.8	25.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	53,200	47,200	49,600	53,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,500	64,300	53,900	59,500	64,300	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,720	4,960	4,755	17.3	17.7	17.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	22,600	20,400	21,400	22,600	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,760	36,440	26,880	31,760	36,440	26,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	87.2	73.0	80.6	87.2	73.0
Employment income (%)	72.4	78.0	66.0	72.4	78.0	66.0
Government transfers (%)	19.5	12.9	27.1	19.5	12.9	27.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.2	3.5	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,495	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	18,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,470	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,650	...	...	51,650	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,080	...	...	44,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	18,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	555	...	...	2.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	260	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	580	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	940	...	...	3.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	840	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	860	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	955	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,090	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,040	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,800	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,745	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,610	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,480	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,400	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,710	...	...	35.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,765	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,945	...	...	8.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,320	...	...	9.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,675	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	570	...	...	2.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	260	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	375	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	615	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	985	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	880	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	995	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,050	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,200	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,045	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,020	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,975	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,705	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,430	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,255	...	...	29.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,800	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,905	...	...	7.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,545	...	...	10.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	18,325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	8,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,155	4,200	2,955	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	38,800	37,600	38,400	38,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,600	34,400	34,800	35,600	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	18,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...	102,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,800	...	...	90,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,700	...	...	116,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...	95,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,600	...	...	119,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...	107,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,100	...	...	62,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,145	4,115	3,030	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,040	49,640	45,840	48,040	49,640	45,840
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,160	41,800	40,280	41,160	41,800	40,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	80,430	40,460	39,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	28,395	14,445	13,950	35.3	35.7	34.9
0 to 5 years	9,560	4,940	4,615	11.9	12.2	11.5
18 to 64 years	45,055	22,470	22,585	56.0	55.5	56.5
65 years and over	6,970	3,545	3,425	8.7	8.8	8.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,675	10,530	11,140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	10,335	5,180	5,150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	3,705	1,870	1,835	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	10,115	4,785	5,325	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,225	560	660	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	27.0	26.0	27.9	27.0	26.0	27.9
0 to 17 years (%)	36.4	35.9	37.0	36.4	35.9	37.0
0 to 5 years (%)	38.7	37.8	39.8	38.7	37.8	39.8
18 to 64 years (%)	22.4	21.3	23.6	22.4	21.3	23.6
65 years and over (%)	17.6	15.8	19.4	17.6	15.8	19.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	34,400	17,325	17,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,345	4,720	4,625	27.2	27.2	27.1
0 to 5 years	3,115	1,565	1,550	9.1	9.0	9.1
18 to 64 years	20,725	10,355	10,370	60.2	59.8	60.7
65 years and over	4,335	2,250	2,085	12.6	13.0	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,380	675	710	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	215	210	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	180	85	100	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	910	435	475	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	25	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.9	4.2	4.0	3.9	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	5.3	6.3	5.8	5.3	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.2	4.6	4.4	4.2	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	80,430	40,460	39,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	54,100	26,860	27,240	67.3	66.4	68.2
In bottom decile	19,050	9,330	9,720	23.7	23.1	24.3
In second decile	12,185	5,890	6,300	15.1	14.6	15.8
In third decile	9,065	4,600	4,465	11.3	11.4	11.2
In fourth decile	7,575	3,820	3,760	9.4	9.4	9.4
In fifth decile	6,220	3,220	3,005	7.7	8.0	7.5
In top half of the distribution	26,325	13,605	12,725	32.7	33.6	31.8
In sixth decile	6,290	3,165	3,120	7.8	7.8	7.8
In seventh decile	5,480	2,830	2,650	6.8	7.0	6.6
In eighth decile	5,345	2,780	2,560	6.6	6.9	6.4
In ninth decile	5,155	2,665	2,485	6.4	6.6	6.2
In top decile	4,065	2,150	1,910	5.1	5.3	4.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	80,425	...	...	80,425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.370	...	...	0.370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.573	...	...	0.573	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.332	...	...	0.332	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	78,530	39,580	38,945	97.3	97.3	97.2
French only	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	1,960	965	990	2.4	2.4	2.5
Neither English nor French	190	85	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	80,045	40,300	39,745	99.2	99.1	99.2
French	430	250	185	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and French	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	175	80	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	74,615	37,650	36,970	92.4	92.6	92.3
Official languages	59,595	30,185	29,415	73.8	74.2	73.4
English	59,125	29,935	29,185	73.2	73.6	72.9
French	470	250	220	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-official languages	15,020	7,460	7,560	18.6	18.3	18.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	12,730	6,255	6,470	15.8	15.4	16.2
Algonquian languages	12,065	5,935	6,125	14.9	14.6	15.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	6,945	3,350	3,600	8.6	8.2	9.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	6,945	3,350	3,600	8.6	8.2	9.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	750	330	420	0.9	0.8	1.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	30	5	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	60	20	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.	6,090	2,985	3,100	7.5	7.3	7.7
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5,115	2,585	2,530	6.3	6.4	6.3
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	4,330	2,195	2,135	5.4	5.4	5.3
Ojibway languages	780	390	395	1.0	1.0	1.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	290	145	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ojibway, n.o.s.	470	230	240	0.6	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	635	315	315	0.8	0.8	0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages	635	315	315	0.8	0.8	0.8
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	630	315	315	0.8	0.8	0.8
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,290	1,210	1,085	2.8	3.0	2.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	55	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	225	95	135	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	60	110	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,700	905	800	2.1	2.2	2.0
Albanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	115	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	215	115	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	215	110	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	75	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	150	75	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,085	570	510	1.3	1.4	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	1,070	560	505	1.3	1.4	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	405	215	195	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hindi	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	445	235	205	0.6	0.6	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	6,105	3,010	3,095	7.6	7.4	7.7
English and French	185	100	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	5,835	2,870	2,970	7.2	7.1	7.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	59,050	29,805	29,240	73.2	73.3	73.0
French	85	55	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	2,645	1,395	1,250	3.3	3.4	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	2,075	1,105	970	2.6	2.7	2.4
Non-Indigenous	565	290	275	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	410	215	200	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	18,335	9,090	9,245	22.7	22.4	23.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	75,625	38,155	37,470	93.7	93.8	93.5
Official languages	68,270	34,335	33,935	84.6	84.4	84.7
English	68,120	34,250	33,865	84.4	84.2	84.5
French	150	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	7,355	3,815	3,535	9.1	9.4	8.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	6,035	3,130	2,900	7.5	7.7	7.2
Algonquian languages	5,565	2,880	2,685	6.9	7.1	6.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	3,055	1,580	1,470	3.8	3.9	3.7
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	3,055	1,580	1,470	3.8	3.9	3.7
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	200	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	2,815	1,475	1,340	3.5	3.6	3.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,510	1,300	1,215	3.1	3.2	3.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	2,285	1,180	1,100	2.8	2.9	2.7
Ojibway languages	225	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway, n.o.s.	140	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	455	245	210	0.6	0.6	0.5
Northern Athabaskan languages	455	245	210	0.6	0.6	0.5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	455	245	210	0.6	0.6	0.5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,315	685	635	1.6	1.7	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	65	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,020	520	500	1.3	1.3	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	890	460	430	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	875	450	425	1.1	1.1	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	355	170	180	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindi	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	360	190	170	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	5,095	2,505	2,590	6.3	6.2	6.5
English and French	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	4,970	2,440	2,530	6.2	6.0	6.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	80,720	40,660	40,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	66,685	33,665	33,020	82.6	82.8	82.4
English	4,475	2,300	2,175	5.5	5.7	5.4
French	265	135	130	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	8,865	4,320	4,550	11.0	10.6	11.4
Indigenous³⁹	8,115	3,945	4,165	10.1	9.7	10.4
Non-Indigenous	750	370	380	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	180	90	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	180	110	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	80,340	40,435	39,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	80,160	40,355	39,810	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	80,080	40,310	39,770	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	2,040	980	1,060	2.5	2.4	2.7
Non-official languages	26,990	13,330	13,660	33.6	33.0	34.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	23,540	11,550	11,985	29.3	28.6	30.0
Algonquian languages	22,730	11,150	11,580	28.3	27.6	29.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	13,400	6,440	6,960	16.7	15.9	17.4
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	13,395	6,440	6,955	16.7	15.9	17.4
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	1,455	645	815	1.8	1.6	2.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	130	40	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.	11,755	5,740	6,015	14.6	14.2	15.1
Innu (Montagnais)	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	9,500	4,790	4,710	11.8	11.8	11.8
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	7,825	3,960	3,860	9.7	9.8	9.7
Ojibway languages	1,725	850	870	2.1	2.1	2.2
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	510	245	270	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ojibway, n.o.s.	1,190	600	590	1.5	1.5	1.5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	740	375	370	0.9	0.9	0.9
Northern Athabaskan languages	740	375	370	0.9	0.9	0.9
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	740	375	370	0.9	0.9	0.9
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,545	1,815	1,725	4.4	4.5	4.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	105	55	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	145	95	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	130	85	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	335	135	200	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	120	180	0.4	0.3	0.5
Waray-Waray	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	75	55	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	65	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,455	1,315	1,140	3.1	3.3	2.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	120	145	0.3	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	270	120	145	0.3	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	125	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	360	185	170	0.4	0.5	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	210	110	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	210	110	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	120	65	60	0.1	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	80	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,495	820	675	1.9	2.0	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	1,490	815	675	1.9	2.0	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	430	235	195	0.5	0.6	0.5
Hindi	910	510	400	1.1	1.3	1.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	750	395	365	0.9	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	115	65	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	165	130	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	195	115	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	210	90	120	0.3	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	55	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	90	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	65	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,340	40,435	39,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	61,455	30,490	30,960	76.5	75.4	77.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	60,680	30,140	30,540	75.5	74.5	76.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,550	27,985	28,565	70.4	69.2	71.6
Métis	4,055	2,135	1,920	5.0	5.3	4.8
Inuk (Inuit)	75	20	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	240	110	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	530	245	290	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-Indigenous identity	18,885	9,945	8,950	23.5	24.6	22.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,340	40,435	39,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55,640	27,515	28,125	69.3	68.0	70.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	24,705	12,920	11,785	30.8	32.0	29.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,020	...	...	41.4	...	...
Renter	5,985	...	...	24.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	8,205	...	...	33.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	535	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not condominium	23,670	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	190	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	2,095	...	...	8.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,065	...	...	20.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,985	...	...	41.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,875	...	...	28.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,225	...	...	25.7	...	...
5 rooms	6,115	...	...	25.3	...	...
6 rooms	4,825	...	...	19.9	...	...
7 rooms	3,115	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,935	...	...	16.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,195	...	...	87.6	...	...
More than one person per room	3,005	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,730	...	...	81.5	...	...
Not suitable	4,475	...	...	18.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,075	...	...	12.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,125	...	...	33.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,865	...	...	16.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,905	...	...	16.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,340	...	...	5.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,485	...	...	6.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,105	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,300	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	17,520	...	...	72.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,685	...	...	27.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,915	...	...	61.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,960	...	...	32.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,335	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,185	...	...	4.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,000	...	...	16.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,310	...	...	17.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,875	...	...	20.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,170	...	...	21.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,170	...	...	13.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,255	...	...	5.2	...	...
85 years and over	245	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,080	...	...	89.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,400	...	...	10.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,230	...	...	9.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	10,230	...	...	42.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,100	...	...	4.5	...	...
Not suitable only	2,325	...	...	9.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	4,490	...	...	18.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	115	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	2,015	...	...	8.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	13,980	...	...	57.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,135	...	...	8.5	...	...
Not in core need	12,170	...	...	91.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,235	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.2	...	...	52.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,022	...	...	1,022	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	194,000	...	...	194,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,280	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	26.9	...	...	26.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.2	...	...	18.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	888	...	...	888	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,205	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	250	...	...	250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	263	...	...	263	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	80,340	40,435	39,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	53,360	26,545	26,810	66.4	65.6	67.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	52,875	26,320	26,555	65.8	65.1	66.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	51,640	25,695	25,945	64.3	63.5	65.0
Métis single ancestry	1,195	610	585	1.5	1.5	1.5
Inuit single ancestry	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	485	225	255	0.6	0.6	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	475	220	255	0.6	0.5	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	7,590	3,805	3,785	9.4	9.4	9.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	7,175	3,580	3,590	8.9	8.9	9.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	5,405	2,640	2,765	6.7	6.5	6.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,735	930	810	2.2	2.3	2.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	420	225	200	0.5	0.6	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	380	205	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,390	10,080	9,305	24.1	24.9	23.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	80,345	40,435	39,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	78,480	39,425	39,055	97.7	97.5	97.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,115	14,315	13,800	35.0	35.4	34.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	50,365	25,115	25,250	62.7	62.1	63.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,860	1,010	850	2.3	2.5	2.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	80,345	40,435	39,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	77,160	38,785	38,370	96.0	95.9	96.2
Immigrants⁸¹	2,730	1,360	1,365	3.4	3.4	3.4
Before 1980	340	165	180	0.4	0.4	0.5
1980 to 1990	190	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	130	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	530	255	275	0.7	0.6	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,540	790	755	1.9	2.0	1.9
2011 to 2015	675	330	340	0.8	0.8	0.9
2016 to 2021	870	455	415	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	450	285	170	0.6	0.7	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,730	1,360	1,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	275	150	130	10.1	11.0	9.5
5 to 14 years	375	215	160	13.7	15.8	11.7
15 to 24 years	520	245	275	19.0	18.0	20.1
25 to 44 years	1,330	640	685	48.7	47.1	50.2
45 years and over	235	120	115	8.6	8.8	8.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,730	1,360	1,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	320	145	170	11.7	10.7	12.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	85	25	60	3.1	1.8	4.4
Mexico	20	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
United States of America	130	70	60	4.8	5.1	4.4
Other places of birth in Americas	55	30	20	2.0	2.2	1.5
Europe	525	260	265	19.2	19.1	19.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Germany	70	35	40	2.6	2.6	2.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	25	25	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Poland	35	15	20	1.3	1.1	1.5
Portugal	45	30	15	1.6	2.2	1.1
Romania	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Russian Federation	35	20	20	1.3	1.5	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Ukraine	30	20	10	1.1	1.5	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	135	60	75	4.9	4.4	5.5
Other places of birth in Europe	85	40	45	3.1	2.9	3.3
Africa	325	165	155	11.9	12.1	11.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	45	20	20	1.6	1.5	1.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Morocco	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Nigeria	135	60	70	4.9	4.4	5.1
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.7
Other places of birth in Africa	105	60	45	3.8	4.4	3.3
Asia	1,560	790	770	57.1	58.1	56.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	1.8	1.5	2.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	275	110	160	10.1	8.1	11.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	985	520	465	36.1	38.2	34.1
Pakistan	95	45	45	3.5	3.3	3.3
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Other places of birth in Asia	70	25	45	2.6	1.8	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	870	455	415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	25	4.0	3.3	6.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	15	2.9	2.2	3.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	15	2.3	2.2	3.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	1.7	2.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	95	60	40	10.9	13.2	9.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	55	25	35	6.3	5.5	8.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	1.7	3.3	0.0
Asia	715	370	345	82.2	81.3	83.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	15	0	2.3	3.3	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	485	250	230	55.7	54.9	55.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	1.7	2.2	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	60	25	30	6.9	5.5	7.2
Philippines	110	45	65	12.6	9.9	15.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	80,340	40,435	39,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,290	1,720	1,570	4.1	4.3	3.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,790	1,410	1,380	3.5	3.5	3.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	74,260	37,305	36,950	92.4	92.3	92.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,395	1,200	1,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,775	925	845	74.1	77.1	71.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	815	555	265	34.0	46.3	22.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	955	370	585	39.9	30.8	49.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	545	225	320	22.8	18.8	26.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	50	20	2.7	4.2	1.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,395	1,200	1,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	25	10	1.5	2.1	0.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	190	75	110	7.9	6.3	9.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	20	25	1.9	1.7	2.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	180	100	80	7.5	8.3	6.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,940	980	955	81.0	81.7	80.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	80,340	40,435	39,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,040	1,595	1,445	3.8	3.9	3.6
South Asian	1,655	935	720	2.1	2.3	1.8
Chinese	130	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Black	455	205	250	0.6	0.5	0.6
Filipino	350	140	210	0.4	0.3	0.5
Arab	120	75	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	90	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	65	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	77,300	38,840	38,465	96.2	96.1	96.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	80,340	40,435	39,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,340	1,795	1,550	4.2	4.4	3.9
English	6,115	3,095	3,025	7.6	7.7	7.6
Irish	4,490	2,270	2,220	5.6	5.6	5.6
Scottish	6,420	3,215	3,200	8.0	8.0	8.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,030	2,025	1,995	5.0	5.0	5.0
German	3,595	1,710	1,885	4.5	4.2	4.7
Chinese	165	75	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	275	135	140	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indian (India)	985	530	460	1.2	1.3	1.2
Ukrainian	3,820	1,905	1,915	4.8	4.7	4.8
Dutch	800	385	420	1.0	1.0	1.1
Polish	1,395	655	735	1.7	1.6	1.8
Québécois	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	545	300	245	0.7	0.7	0.6
Filipino	435	185	250	0.5	0.5	0.6
French Canadian	290	130	160	0.4	0.3	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	640	355	285	0.8	0.9	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	19,130	9,340	9,790	23.8	23.1	24.5
Métis	3,805	1,975	1,830	4.7	4.9	4.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	125	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	565	295	275	0.7	0.7	0.7
Norwegian	1,195	565	630	1.5	1.4	1.6
Welsh	355	160	195	0.4	0.4	0.5
Portuguese	225	100	125	0.3	0.2	0.3
American	245	110	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	150	90	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	910	415	500	1.1	1.0	1.3
Hungarian	355	165	185	0.4	0.4	0.5
Acadian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	185	75	110	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jewish	115	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	165	105	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	20	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Greek	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	100	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	23,730	11,840	11,890	29.5	29.3	29.8
Korean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lebanese	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	200	115	85	0.2	0.3	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	3,635	1,815	1,820	4.5	4.5	4.6
Sikh	185	105	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Austrian	200	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belgian	245	105	140	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	230	135	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexican	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	140	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	240	100	140	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sri Lankan	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	180	130	55	0.2	0.3	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	205	105	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Muslim	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	865	435	430	1.1	1.1	1.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	4,860	2,420	2,435	6.0	6.0	6.1
Newfoundlander	225	130	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	85	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Somali	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	135	80	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	50	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	905	455	455	1.1	1.1	1.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Plains Cree	180	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	840	425	420	1.0	1.1	1.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	320	135	180	0.4	0.3	0.5
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	3,760	1,935	1,825	4.7	4.8	4.6
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	410	230	180	0.5	0.6	0.5
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	185	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	80,340	40,435	39,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	41,750	20,475	21,275	52.0	50.6	53.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,100	2,020	2,075	5.1	5.0	5.2
Anabaptist	105	65	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Anglican	7,925	3,795	4,135	9.9	9.4	10.4
Baptist	410	215	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catholic	17,165	8,520	8,645	21.4	21.1	21.7
Christian Orthodox	230	130	90	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latter Day Saints	50	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	335	185	150	0.4	0.5	0.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	215	110	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	2,290	1,105	1,185	2.9	2.7	3.0
Presbyterian	130	60	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Reformed	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	7,700	3,775	3,925	9.6	9.3	9.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	995	440	555	1.2	1.1	1.4
Hindu	835	465	375	1.0	1.1	0.9
Jewish	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	250	140	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	520	285	240	0.6	0.7	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	3,355	1,645	1,710	4.2	4.1	4.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	495	235	260	0.6	0.6	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	33,095	17,175	15,920	41.2	42.5	39.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	78,840	39,635	39,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	71,740	36,155	35,580	91.0	91.2	90.8
Movers	7,100	3,475	3,625	9.0	8.8	9.2
Non-migrants	4,600	2,205	2,400	5.8	5.6	6.1
Migrants	2,495	1,270	1,225	3.2	3.2	3.1
Internal migrants	2,355	1,195	1,155	3.0	3.0	2.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,470	735	735	1.9	1.9	1.9
Interprovincial migrants	880	455	420	1.1	1.1	1.1
External migrants	145	75	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	72,315	36,365	35,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	49,680	25,180	24,495	68.7	69.2	68.1
Movers	22,635	11,190	11,450	31.3	30.8	31.8
Non-migrants	11,300	5,525	5,775	15.6	15.2	16.1
Migrants	11,335	5,655	5,680	15.7	15.6	15.8
Internal migrants	10,330	5,115	5,215	14.3	14.1	14.5
Intraprovincial migrants	8,535	4,195	4,340	11.8	11.5	12.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,795	915	870	2.5	2.5	2.4
External migrants	1,010	545	460	1.4	1.5	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	56,090	28,095	28,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	24,315	13,320	10,995	43.3	47.4	39.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	31,780	14,775	17,000	56.7	52.6	60.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	37,000	18,375	18,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	13,430	7,530	5,900	36.3	41.0	31.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,570	10,845	12,725	63.7	59.0	68.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	56,090	28,095	27,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,705	12,180	10,525	40.5	43.4	37.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,475	7,560	7,920	27.6	26.9	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,910	8,360	9,555	31.9	29.8	34.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,055	6,195	5,860	21.5	22.1	20.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,640	2,925	715	6.5	10.4	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,640	1,115	525	2.9	4.0	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,990	1,805	190	3.5	6.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,135	2,800	4,330	12.7	10.0	15.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,290	470	815	2.3	1.7	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,855	2,160	3,695	10.4	7.7	13.2
Bachelor's degree	4,350	1,530	2,815	7.8	5.4	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	555	225	330	1.0	0.8	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	785	330	450	1.4	1.2	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,995	18,375	18,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,280	6,725	5,560	33.2	36.6	29.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,385	5,090	5,290	28.1	27.7	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,335	6,560	7,770	38.7	35.7	41.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,410	4,790	4,615	25.4	26.1	24.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,770	2,205	560	7.5	12.0	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,235	815	425	3.3	4.4	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,535	1,395	140	4.1	7.6	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,685	2,215	3,465	15.4	12.1	18.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	955	370	580	2.6	2.0	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,925	1,770	3,155	13.3	9.6	16.9
Bachelor's degree	3,665	1,270	2,400	9.9	6.9	12.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	425	155	265	1.1	0.8	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	685	280	410	1.9	1.5	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	56,090	28,090	27,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	38,175	19,735	18,440	68.1	70.3	65.9
Education	2,565	670	1,890	4.6	2.4	6.8
13. Education	2,565	670	1,890	4.6	2.4	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	65	100	0.3	0.2	0.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Humanities	740	305	435	1.3	1.1	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	85	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	425	145	285	0.8	0.5	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	70	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,385	405	975	2.5	1.4	3.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	15	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	70	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	90	495	1.1	0.3	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	195	60	135	0.3	0.2	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	150	45	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
45. Social sciences	255	120	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	3,205	845	2,360	5.7	3.0	8.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	700	150	555	1.2	0.5	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,495	690	1,805	4.4	2.5	6.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	360	180	185	0.6	0.6	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	45	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	125	80	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	185	275	0.8	0.7	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	390	175	215	0.7	0.6	0.8
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,425	4,125	300	7.9	14.7	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	380	335	50	0.7	1.2	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	825	715	110	1.5	2.5	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,600	1,535	65	2.9	5.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,115	1,080	35	2.0	3.8	0.1
48. Precision production	470	440	35	0.8	1.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	320	215	105	0.6	0.8	0.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	160	55	0.4	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	2,880	500	2,385	5.1	1.8	8.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	40	40	0.2	0.1	0.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,765	445	2,325	4.9	1.6	8.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,390	865	525	2.5	3.1	1.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	575	210	370	1.0	0.7	1.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	335	230	110	0.6	0.8	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	470	425	45	0.8	1.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	36,995	18,375	18,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	22,665	11,815	10,850	61.3	64.3	58.3
Education	2,000	530	1,470	5.4	2.9	7.9
13. Education	2,000	530	1,470	5.4	2.9	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	40	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	110	35	80	0.3	0.2	0.4
Humanities	565	210	360	1.5	1.1	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	330	95	235	0.9	0.5	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	45	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	45	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,165	325	840	3.1	1.8	4.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	60	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	485	60	430	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	165	50	115	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	120	35	85	0.3	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	215	95	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Business, management and public administration	2,610	690	1,920	7.1	3.8	10.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	575	110	470	1.6	0.6	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,030	575	1,450	5.5	3.1	7.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	140	155	0.8	0.8	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	40	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	105	60	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	140	230	1.0	0.8	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	140	170	0.8	0.8	0.9
25. Library science	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,455	3,195	265	9.3	17.4	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	310	270	40	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	650	540	105	1.8	2.9	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,255	1,205	50	3.4	6.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	875	845	25	2.4	4.6	0.1
48. Precision production	345	315	30	0.9	1.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	260	165	100	0.7	0.9	0.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	130	50	0.5	0.7	0.3
Health and related fields	2,350	430	1,915	6.4	2.3	10.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,255	385	1,870	6.1	2.1	10.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,130	695	430	3.1	3.8	2.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	450	165	285	1.2	0.9	1.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	290	195	95	0.8	1.1	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	340	45	1.0	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	36,995	18,375	18,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,665	11,815	10,850	61.3	64.3	58.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	14,330	6,565	7,770	38.7	35.7	41.7
Location of study inside Canada	13,030	5,895	7,135	35.2	32.1	38.3
Same as province or territory of residence	10,750	4,710	6,035	29.1	25.6	32.4
Different than province or territory of residence	2,280	1,185	1,095	6.2	6.4	5.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,305	665	635	3.5	3.6	3.4
Americas	180	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
United States of America	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexico	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	100	40	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Africa	160	100	65	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asia	845	435	410	2.3	2.4	2.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	165	65	100	0.4	0.4	0.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	580	325	255	1.6	1.8	1.4
Pakistan	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	56,090	28,095	27,995	...	...	...
In the labour force	30,010	16,000	14,015	...	...	...
Employed	25,740	13,535	12,205	...	...	...
Unemployed	4,270	2,460	1,815	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	26,080	12,100	13,980	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.5	56.9	50.1	53.5	56.9	50.1
Employment rate	45.9	48.2	43.6	45.9	48.2	43.6
Unemployment rate	14.2	15.4	13.0	14.2	15.4	13.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	56,090	28,090	27,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	27,000	12,650	14,350	48.1	45.0	51.3
Worked	29,090	15,445	13,650	51.9	55.0	48.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	17,140	9,235	7,905	30.6	32.9	28.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	11,955	6,210	5,745	21.3	22.1	20.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.4	41.6	41.5	41.4	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	30,015	16,000	14,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,910	1,030	885	6.4	6.4	6.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	28,100	14,970	13,135	93.6	93.6	93.7
Employee	26,675	13,980	12,700	88.9	87.4	90.6
Permanent position	21,690	11,205	10,485	72.3	70.0	74.8
Temporary position	4,985	2,775	2,210	16.6	17.3	15.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,350	690	660	4.5	4.3	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,630	2,090	1,545	12.1	13.1	11.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,430	985	440	4.8	6.2	3.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	30,015	16,000	14,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,910	1,030	885	6.4	6.4	6.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	28,100	14,970	13,135	93.6	93.6	93.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	320	210	110	1.1	1.3	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,270	715	2,555	10.9	4.5	18.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	855	680	175	2.8	4.3	1.2
3 Health occupations	1,995	425	1,570	6.6	2.7	11.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,325	1,945	4,385	21.1	12.2	31.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	365	145	220	1.2	0.9	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	6,910	3,515	3,395	23.0	22.0	24.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,755	5,285	475	19.2	33.0	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,475	1,305	170	4.9	8.2	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	840	740	95	2.8	4.6	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	30,015	16,000	14,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,910	1,030	885	6.4	6.4	6.3
All industries¹⁹¹	28,100	14,970	13,135	93.6	93.6	93.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	475	380	90	1.6	2.4	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,885	1,555	330	6.3	9.7	2.4
22 Utilities	650	555	95	2.2	3.5	0.7
23 Construction	1,995	1,810	190	6.6	11.3	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	550	470	80	1.8	2.9	0.6
41 Wholesale trade	245	190	55	0.8	1.2	0.4
44-45 Retail trade	2,865	1,495	1,370	9.5	9.3	9.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,145	920	230	3.8	5.8	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	195	95	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	325	65	260	1.1	0.4	1.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	270	180	90	0.9	1.1	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	355	195	160	1.2	1.2	1.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,020	725	295	3.4	4.5	2.1
61 Educational services	4,485	1,505	2,975	14.9	9.4	21.2
62 Health care and social assistance	5,005	1,205	3,805	16.7	7.5	27.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	450	260	195	1.5	1.6	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,535	670	865	5.1	4.2	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	760	410	355	2.5	2.6	2.5
91 Public administration	3,865	2,275	1,595	12.9	14.2	11.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	31,985	16,975	15,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,645	14,250	12,400	83.3	83.9	82.6
French	85	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official language	245	140	105	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	240	130	105	0.8	0.8	0.7
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	170	50	125	0.5	0.3	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	4,815	2,500	2,310	15.1	14.7	15.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	31,985	16,975	15,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,525	16,170	14,355	95.4	95.3	95.6
Official languages	29,325	15,500	13,825	91.7	91.3	92.1
English	29,170	15,455	13,715	91.2	91.0	91.4
French	155	45	110	0.5	0.3	0.7
Non-official languages	1,195	665	530	3.7	3.9	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,180	660	520	3.7	3.9	3.5
Algonquian languages	1,080	605	475	3.4	3.6	3.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	685	375	305	2.1	2.2	2.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	680	375	305	2.1	2.2	2.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	655	370	285	2.0	2.2	1.9
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	400	225	170	1.3	1.3	1.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	375	220	155	1.2	1.3	1.0
Ojibway languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern Athabaskan languages	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,465	805	655	4.6	4.7	4.4
English and French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,440	800	635	4.5	4.7	4.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	31,985	16,975	15,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	28,425	15,220	13,205	88.9	89.7	88.0
English	1,015	545	475	3.2	3.2	3.2
French	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official language	2,420	1,170	1,250	7.6	6.9	8.3
Indigenous³⁹	2,370	1,145	1,225	7.4	6.7	8.2
Non-Indigenous	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	25,745	13,535	12,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,235	530	700	4.8	3.9	5.7
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,280	2,505	775	12.7	18.5	6.3
Usual place of work	21,215	10,485	10,725	82.4	77.5	87.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	21,215	10,485	10,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,730	7,470	8,260	74.1	71.2	77.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,165	2,275	1,895	19.6	21.7	17.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	890	495	400	4.2	4.7	3.7
Commute to a different province or territory	425	250	180	2.0	2.4	1.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	24,495	12,990	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	20,630	10,890	9,740	84.2	83.8	84.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	17,240	9,350	7,885	70.4	72.0	68.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,395	1,540	1,860	13.9	11.9	16.2
Public transit	180	95	90	0.7	0.7	0.8
Walked	3,015	1,550	1,465	12.3	11.9	12.7
Bicycle	70	70	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Other method	595	385	205	2.4	3.0	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	24,495	12,990	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	17,855	8,930	8,930	72.9	68.7	77.6
15 to 29 minutes	4,505	2,620	1,880	18.4	20.2	16.3
30 to 44 minutes	1,135	760	375	4.6	5.9	3.3
45 to 59 minutes	255	155	100	1.0	1.2	0.9
60 minutes and over	740	525	215	3.0	4.0	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	24,495	12,990	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,105	860	240	4.5	6.6	2.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,695	1,965	735	11.0	15.1	6.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,010	2,900	2,110	20.5	22.3	18.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,055	3,730	5,330	37.0	28.7	46.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,930	1,950	1,985	16.0	15.0	17.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,700	1,595	1,105	11.0	12.3	9.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	28,845	14,680	14,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	645	320	330	2.2	2.2	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	28,200	14,360	13,840	97.8	97.8	97.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	20,365	10,300	10,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	490	240	250	2.4	2.3	2.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	255	110	140	1.3	1.1	1.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235	125	110	1.2	1.2	1.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	19,870	10,060	9,815	97.6	97.7	97.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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