Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cape BretonMore information: Nova Scotia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	98,318	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	98,722	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.4	...	...	- 0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	48,020	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	43,799	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	40.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,457.21	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	98,315	47,115	51,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13,110	6,685	6,430	13.3	14.2	12.6
0 to 4 years	3,790	1,955	1,835	3.9	4.1	3.6
5 to 9 years	4,435	2,210	2,225	4.5	4.7	4.3
10 to 14 years	4,890	2,520	2,370	5.0	5.3	4.6
15 to 64 years	59,865	28,940	30,925	60.9	61.4	60.4
15 to 19 years	4,955	2,575	2,380	5.0	5.5	4.6
20 to 24 years	5,445	2,835	2,610	5.5	6.0	5.1
25 to 29 years	5,705	2,935	2,770	5.8	6.2	5.4
30 to 34 years	5,110	2,545	2,565	5.2	5.4	5.0
35 to 39 years	4,925	2,270	2,660	5.0	4.8	5.2
40 to 44 years	5,040	2,305	2,735	5.1	4.9	5.3
45 to 49 years	5,640	2,650	2,985	5.7	5.6	5.8
50 to 54 years	6,310	3,010	3,295	6.4	6.4	6.4
55 to 59 years	7,985	3,655	4,325	8.1	7.8	8.4
60 to 64 years	8,750	4,155	4,595	8.9	8.8	9.0
65 years and over	25,340	11,495	13,850	25.8	24.4	27.1
65 to 69 years	8,235	4,020	4,215	8.4	8.5	8.2
70 to 74 years	6,745	3,260	3,485	6.9	6.9	6.8
75 to 79 years	4,465	1,965	2,505	4.5	4.2	4.9
80 to 84 years	3,025	1,285	1,740	3.1	2.7	3.4
85 years and over	2,875	970	1,900	2.9	2.1	3.7
85 to 89 years	1,790	670	1,120	1.8	1.4	2.2
90 to 94 years	795	225	570	0.8	0.5	1.1
95 to 99 years	255	70	185	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.2	12.6	13.3	14.2	12.6
15 to 64 years	60.9	61.4	60.4	60.9	61.4	60.4
65 years and over	25.8	24.4	27.1	25.8	24.4	27.1
85 years and over	2.9	2.1	3.7	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	46.1	44.9	47.3	46.1	44.9	47.3
Median age of the population	49.2	47.6	50.8	49.2	47.6	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	32,275	...	...	73.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,860	...	...	6.5	...	...
Row house	760	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,905	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,550	...	...	10.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	215	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,170	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	14,445	...	...	33.0	...	...
2 persons	16,090	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	6,680	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	4,235	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	2,350	...	...	5.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	85,205	40,435	44,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	42,260	21,095	21,165	49.6	52.2	47.3
Married	34,575	17,260	17,320	40.6	42.7	38.7
Living common-law	7,685	3,835	3,850	9.0	9.5	8.6
Living common law - Never married	5,450	2,695	2,755	6.4	6.7	6.2
Living common law - Separated	410	205	210	0.5	0.5	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	1,565	825	735	1.8	2.0	1.6
Living common law - Widowed	260	105	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	42,945	19,335	23,605	50.4	47.8	52.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	26,910	14,080	12,835	31.6	34.8	28.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	3,190	1,340	1,850	3.7	3.3	4.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,660	2,230	3,425	6.6	5.5	7.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	7,180	1,685	5,495	8.4	4.2	12.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	28,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	16,810	...	...	59.6	...	...
3 persons	6,265	...	...	22.2	...	...
4 persons	3,585	...	...	12.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,545	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	28,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	20,645	...	...	73.2	...	...
Married couples	16,800	...	...	59.6	...	...
With children⁶	6,850	...	...	24.3	...	...
Without children	9,950	...	...	35.3	...	...
Common-law couples	3,840	...	...	13.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,605	...	...	5.7	...	...
Without children	2,235	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	7,560	...	...	26.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	6,055	...	...	21.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,500	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	75,010	36,330	38,680	77.6	78.3	77.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	41,280	20,620	20,665	42.7	44.4	41.1
Parents in one-parent families	7,560	1,505	6,060	7.8	3.2	12.1
Children⁶	26,170	14,205	11,960	27.1	30.6	23.8
In a two-parent family	14,290	7,670	6,625	14.8	16.5	13.2
In a one-parent family	11,880	6,540	5,340	12.3	14.1	10.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,625	10,090	11,535	22.4	21.7	23.0
Living alone	14,445	6,370	8,070	14.9	13.7	16.1
Living with other relatives⁷	2,885	1,245	1,640	3.0	2.7	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	4,295	2,475	1,825	4.4	5.3	3.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	24,690	...	...	56.4	...	...
Couple-family households	18,800	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	7,680	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	11,120	...	...	25.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	5,885	...	...	13.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	1,265	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	125	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,320	...	...	3.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,950	...	...	4.5	...	...
One-person households	14,445	...	...	33.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	83,530	39,740	43,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	80,470	38,200	42,270	96.3	96.1	96.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,000	32,400	34,000	36,000	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	80,490	38,215	42,275	96.4	96.2	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	32,400	30,000	31,200	32,400	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	64,600	31,430	33,170	77.3	79.1	75.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,600	27,600	24,000	25,600	27,600	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	49,010	24,230	24,775	58.7	61.0	56.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	28,800	26,600	27,800	28,800	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70,860	32,770	38,090	84.8	82.5	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,800	15,400	14,200	14,800	15,400	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,935	9,120	7,810	20.3	22.9	17.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	9,200	6,280	7,450	9,200	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,055	11,310	11,745	27.6	28.5	26.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	83,510	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80,510	38,255	42,260	96.4	96.3	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,760	45,440	38,440	41,760	45,440	38,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80,525	38,270	42,260	96.4	96.3	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,680	38,000	33,600	35,680	38,000	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	64,755	31,580	33,180	77.5	79.5	75.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,720	39,560	32,040	35,720	39,560	32,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	49,015	24,225	24,785	58.7	61.0	56.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,520	40,680	34,440	37,520	40,680	34,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70,930	32,880	38,050	84.9	82.8	86.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,800	14,860	14,760	14,800	14,860	14,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,940	9,105	7,835	20.3	22.9	17.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,520	10,610	8,250	9,520	10,610	8,250
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,940	11,070	11,870	27.5	27.9	27.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,000	9,580	9,300	9,000	9,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	83,515	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	20,015	9,540	10,475	24.0	24.0	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	57,200	50,800	53,600	57,200	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,500	65,400	56,050	60,500	65,400	56,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	21,610	10,825	10,785	25.9	27.3	24.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,600	14,900	16,200	17,600	14,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,460	27,040	19,880	23,460	27,040	19,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.8	71.8	65.4	68.8	71.8	65.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.7	56.7	52.6	54.7	56.7	52.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.3	28.2	34.5	31.3	28.2	34.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.8	5.6	4.0	4.8	5.6	4.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.4	6.5	8.4	7.4	6.5	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.4	5.7	7.0	6.4	5.7	7.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	83,535	39,740	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	3,065	1,540	1,525	3.7	3.9	3.5
With total income	80,470	38,195	42,270	96.3	96.1	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,635	3,075	3,555	8.2	8.1	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	11,195	4,590	6,610	13.9	12.0	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	16,995	7,770	9,230	21.1	20.3	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	12,405	5,880	6,520	15.4	15.4	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	10,050	4,575	5,475	12.5	12.0	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	7,100	3,335	3,765	8.8	8.7	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	4,795	2,535	2,260	6.0	6.6	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	3,205	1,820	1,390	4.0	4.8	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	2,400	1,245	1,155	3.0	3.3	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,965	935	1,030	2.4	2.4	2.4
$100,000 and over	3,710	2,435	1,275	4.6	6.4	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,790	1,705	1,080	3.5	4.5	2.6
$150,000 and over	920	725	195	1.1	1.9	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	83,535	39,740	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	3,045	1,525	1,520	3.6	3.8	3.5
With after-tax income	80,490	38,215	42,275	96.4	96.2	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,905	3,160	3,750	8.6	8.3	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	11,750	4,880	6,870	14.6	12.8	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	19,690	9,130	10,565	24.5	23.9	25.0
$30,000 to $39,999	14,620	7,005	7,620	18.2	18.3	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	10,700	4,995	5,700	13.3	13.1	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	6,665	3,455	3,205	8.3	9.0	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	4,040	2,095	1,945	5.0	5.5	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,720	1,275	1,445	3.4	3.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,315	750	565	1.6	2.0	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	710	450	260	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,375	1,015	355	1.7	2.7	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	775	550	225	1.0	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	595	465	135	0.7	1.2	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	83,535	39,740	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	34,525	15,510	19,020	41.3	39.0	43.4
With employment income	49,005	24,230	24,780	58.7	61.0	56.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,120	3,440	3,675	14.5	14.2	14.8
$5,000 to $9,999	4,520	2,110	2,410	9.2	8.7	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	8,060	3,995	4,060	16.4	16.5	16.4
$20,000 to $29,999	6,110	2,880	3,230	12.5	11.9	13.0
$30,000 to $39,999	4,850	2,305	2,550	9.9	9.5	10.3
$40,000 to $49,999	4,575	1,985	2,585	9.3	8.2	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	3,315	1,680	1,635	6.8	6.9	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,710	1,480	1,225	5.5	6.1	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,915	1,075	835	3.9	4.4	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,705	805	905	3.5	3.3	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	715	855	3.2	3.0	3.5
$100,000 and over	2,555	1,755	805	5.2	7.2	3.2
$100,000 to $124,999	1,400	865	540	2.9	3.6	2.2
$125,000 and over	1,155	890	265	2.4	3.7	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	83,530	39,740	43,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	78,715	37,205	41,510	94.2	93.6	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,200	29,000	31,800	35,200	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	78,760	37,215	41,550	94.3	93.6	94.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	31,800	27,000	29,200	31,800	27,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	64,475	31,280	33,195	77.2	78.7	75.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	30,000	24,800	27,200	30,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	50,225	24,695	25,530	60.1	62.1	58.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	31,600	27,000	29,200	31,600	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,375	29,730	35,645	78.3	74.8	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,200	11,800	10,900	11,200	11,800	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	16,415	8,925	7,490	19.7	22.5	17.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	10,300	7,300	8,700	10,300	7,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	83,510	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	78,935	37,380	41,555	94.5	94.1	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,840	44,600	35,600	39,840	44,600	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	78,960	37,385	41,580	94.6	94.1	94.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,840	37,040	31,000	33,840	37,040	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	64,555	31,320	33,235	77.3	78.9	75.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,720	32,040	36,720	41,720	32,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50,230	24,635	25,600	60.1	62.0	58.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,240	42,840	33,800	38,240	42,840	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,395	29,835	35,560	78.3	75.1	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,840	12,080	11,640	11,840	12,080	11,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,345	8,815	7,530	19.6	22.2	17.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,980	10,760	9,080	9,980	10,760	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	83,515	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,915	9,470	10,445	23.8	23.8	23.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	54,400	46,000	50,000	54,400	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,750	61,850	52,100	56,750	61,850	52,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,380	10,265	10,115	24.4	25.8	23.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	22,400	18,200	20,200	22,400	18,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,240	34,720	23,700	29,240	34,720	23,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.4	78.4	72.0	75.4	78.4	72.0
Employment income (%)	61.0	63.3	58.5	61.0	63.3	58.5
Government transfers (%)	24.6	21.6	28.0	24.6	21.6	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	5.2	5.7	4.6	5.2	5.7	4.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	43,800	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	14,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	30,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	28,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	29,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	43,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,720	...	...	38,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,520	...	...	33,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	29,365	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	81,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	435	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,235	...	...	2.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	990	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,175	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,315	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,085	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,380	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,325	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,060	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,915	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,410	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,055	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,625	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,320	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,190	...	...	25.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,155	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,660	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,740	...	...	6.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,630	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	300	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,245	...	...	2.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,035	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,385	...	...	7.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,710	...	...	6.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,455	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,655	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,670	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,370	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,410	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,960	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,350	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,715	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,205	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,875	...	...	18.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,745	...	...	8.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,015	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,115	...	...	4.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	28,050	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	11,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	8,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,950	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	18,740	8,845	9,895	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,800	29,000	29,400	29,800	29,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,800	28,200	27,400	27,800	28,200	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	28,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,300	...	...	81,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	11,285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,900	...	...	87,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,700	...	...	73,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,400	...	...	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,300	...	...	65,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,050	...	...	59,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	18,630	8,780	9,855	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,520	37,200	35,920	36,520	37,200	35,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800	32,040	31,640	31,800	32,040	31,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	96,640	46,420	50,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,100	8,205	7,895	16.7	17.7	15.7
0 to 5 years	4,695	2,415	2,270	4.9	5.2	4.5
18 to 64 years	56,440	27,140	29,300	58.4	58.5	58.3
65 years and over	24,095	11,075	13,025	24.9	23.9	25.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,695	7,930	9,770	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	3,925	2,065	1,865	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	1,300	695	600	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	8,600	3,925	4,675	...	...	...
65 years and over	5,165	1,935	3,230	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.3	17.1	19.5	18.3	17.1	19.5
0 to 17 years (%)	24.4	25.2	23.6	24.4	25.2	23.6
0 to 5 years (%)	27.7	28.9	26.4	27.7	28.9	26.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	14.5	15.9	15.2	14.5	15.9
65 years and over (%)	21.4	17.5	24.8	21.4	17.5	24.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	92,020	44,190	47,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,445	7,345	7,100	15.7	16.6	14.8
0 to 5 years	4,205	2,150	2,060	4.6	4.9	4.3
18 to 64 years	53,785	25,900	27,880	58.4	58.6	58.3
65 years and over	23,785	10,945	12,845	25.8	24.8	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,725	2,430	2,295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	690	360	330	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	210	115	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,720	1,950	1,770	...	...	...
65 years and over	315	120	195	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.5	4.8	5.1	5.5	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	4.9	4.6	4.8	4.9	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	5.3	4.7	5.0	5.3	4.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	7.5	6.4	6.9	7.5	6.4
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	96,640	46,420	50,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	63,540	29,930	33,610	65.7	64.5	66.9
In bottom decile	15,470	7,160	8,310	16.0	15.4	16.5
In second decile	14,905	6,855	8,050	15.4	14.8	16.0
In third decile	12,345	5,870	6,480	12.8	12.6	12.9
In fourth decile	11,020	5,245	5,780	11.4	11.3	11.5
In fifth decile	9,800	4,805	4,990	10.1	10.4	9.9
In top half of the distribution	33,100	16,490	16,615	34.3	35.5	33.1
In sixth decile	9,070	4,385	4,680	9.4	9.4	9.3
In seventh decile	8,200	4,095	4,105	8.5	8.8	8.2
In eighth decile	6,765	3,385	3,380	7.0	7.3	6.7
In ninth decile	5,550	2,810	2,735	5.7	6.1	5.4
In top decile	3,515	1,805	1,715	3.6	3.9	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	96,640	...	...	96,640	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.318	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.502	...	...	0.502	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.277	...	...	0.277	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	92,710	44,725	47,980	95.7	96.2	95.2
French only	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	4,050	1,700	2,355	4.2	3.7	4.7
Neither English nor French	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	96,065	46,100	49,960	99.1	99.1	99.1
French	645	300	350	0.7	0.6	0.7
English and French	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	95,625	45,870	49,755	98.7	98.6	98.7
Official languages	90,680	43,315	47,365	93.6	93.2	94.0
English	89,975	42,990	46,980	92.8	92.5	93.2
French	710	325	385	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-official languages	4,945	2,555	2,390	5.1	5.5	4.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,125	1,015	1,110	2.2	2.2	2.2
Algonquian languages	2,120	1,015	1,110	2.2	2.2	2.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	2,120	1,010	1,105	2.2	2.2	2.2
Mi'kmaq	2,115	1,010	1,105	2.2	2.2	2.2
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,820	1,540	1,280	2.9	3.3	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	55	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	185	80	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	80	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	440	285	155	0.5	0.6	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	400	270	130	0.4	0.6	0.3
Tamil	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,445	790	655	1.5	1.7	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	40	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	35	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	135	70	65	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	45	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,025	590	440	1.1	1.3	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	995	575	425	1.0	1.2	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	80	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	165	105	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	640	345	295	0.7	0.7	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	435	225	210	0.4	0.5	0.4
Chinese languages	435	225	210	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	375	195	175	0.4	0.4	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,275	630	650	1.3	1.4	1.3
English and French	270	120	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	960	475	475	1.0	1.0	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	90,155	43,100	47,055	93.0	92.7	93.4
French	150	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	1,690	875	815	1.7	1.9	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	910	440	465	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-Indigenous	780	430	350	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	560	250	310	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	4,185	2,130	2,055	4.3	4.6	4.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	95,960	46,000	49,955	99.0	98.9	99.1
Official languages	92,730	44,310	48,420	95.7	95.3	96.1
English	92,530	44,220	48,315	95.5	95.1	95.9
French	200	95	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	3,225	1,690	1,535	3.3	3.6	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,590	775	815	1.6	1.7	1.6
Algonquian languages	1,585	775	810	1.6	1.7	1.6
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	1,585	775	810	1.6	1.7	1.6
Mi'kmaq	1,585	770	810	1.6	1.7	1.6
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,640	915	725	1.7	2.0	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	275	180	95	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	260	175	85	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	775	420	355	0.8	0.9	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	670	380	290	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	650	365	280	0.7	0.8	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	470	265	205	0.5	0.6	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	175	140	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	315	175	140	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	285	155	125	0.3	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	945	495	445	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	845	445	395	0.9	1.0	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	96,905	46,500	50,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	92,770	44,445	48,320	95.7	95.6	95.9
English	1,355	715	640	1.4	1.5	1.3
French	470	200	265	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	1,935	930	1,010	2.0	2.0	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	1,045	485	565	1.1	1.0	1.1
Non-Indigenous	895	445	450	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	155	90	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	165	95	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	96,640	46,420	50,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	96,485	46,330	50,155	99.8	99.8	99.9
English	96,460	46,315	50,145	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	4,060	1,760	2,310	4.2	3.8	4.6
Non-official languages	7,635	3,895	3,740	7.9	8.4	7.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	3,485	1,650	1,835	3.6	3.6	3.7
Algonquian languages	3,485	1,650	1,835	3.6	3.6	3.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,470	1,645	1,825	3.6	3.5	3.6
Mi'kmaq	3,470	1,640	1,830	3.6	3.5	3.6
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,175	2,260	1,910	4.3	4.9	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	165	70	0.2	0.4	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	230	160	70	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	220	155	65	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	120	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	295	135	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	125	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	610	375	240	0.6	0.8	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	540	335	195	0.6	0.7	0.4
Tamil	75	55	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,295	1,285	1,010	2.4	2.8	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	55	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	125	65	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	260	160	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	185	110	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
German	175	105	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	40	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,430	825	595	1.5	1.8	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	1,395	810	585	1.4	1.7	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	100	70	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	980	585	395	1.0	1.3	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	810	460	350	0.8	1.0	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	100	45	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	170	165	0.3	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	120	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	205	105	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	490	260	235	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese languages	480	255	230	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	450	240	205	0.5	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	7,385	3,555	3,835	7.6	7.7	7.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	7,175	3,445	3,730	7.4	7.4	7.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,925	2,835	3,090	6.1	6.1	6.2
Métis	1,175	575	600	1.2	1.2	1.2
Inuk (Inuit)	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	155	70	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	89,255	42,870	46,385	92.4	92.4	92.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	5,330	2,585	2,745	5.5	5.6	5.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	91,310	43,835	47,475	94.5	94.4	94.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	30,325	...	...	69.2	...	...
Renter	12,370	...	...	28.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	1,105	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	600	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not condominium	43,195	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	145	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	4,555	...	...	10.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,830	...	...	27.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,245	...	...	41.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,020	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,330	...	...	21.3	...	...
5 rooms	7,775	...	...	17.8	...	...
6 rooms	8,135	...	...	18.6	...	...
7 rooms	6,575	...	...	15.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,980	...	...	27.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	43,480	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	315	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	42,090	...	...	96.1	...	...
Not suitable	1,705	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	15,845	...	...	36.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,150	...	...	30.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,285	...	...	12.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,155	...	...	9.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,305	...	...	3.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,435	...	...	3.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,400	...	...	3.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,225	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	39,615	...	...	90.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,185	...	...	9.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	25,525	...	...	58.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	16,630	...	...	38.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,640	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,030	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,495	...	...	10.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,465	...	...	12.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,735	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,740	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,570	...	...	21.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,020	...	...	11.5	...	...
85 years and over	1,745	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	42,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,415	...	...	83.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,815	...	...	16.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,265	...	...	14.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	43,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	11,500	...	...	26.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	5,835	...	...	13.3	...	...
Not suitable only	1,365	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	3,115	...	...	7.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	115	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	840	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	210	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	32,295	...	...	73.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	41,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	3,515	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not in core need	38,165	...	...	91.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,045	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.4	...	...	46.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	891	...	...	891	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	183,600	...	...	183,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,215	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	24.2	...	...	24.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.2	...	...	32.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.9	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	827	...	...	827	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	218	...	...	218	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	289	...	...	289	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,990	2,425	2,565	5.2	5.2	5.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,980	2,420	2,555	5.2	5.2	5.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	4,735	2,290	2,440	4.9	4.9	4.9
Métis single ancestry	225	115	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,385	1,625	1,755	3.5	3.5	3.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,345	1,605	1,740	3.5	3.5	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,450	1,155	1,300	2.5	2.5	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	815	405	410	0.8	0.9	0.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	88,270	42,370	45,895	91.3	91.3	91.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	93,520	44,660	48,855	96.8	96.2	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,945	8,065	7,880	16.5	17.4	15.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	77,580	36,600	40,975	80.3	78.8	81.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,120	1,755	1,365	3.2	3.8	2.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	92,120	43,985	48,135	95.3	94.8	95.8
Immigrants⁸¹	2,185	1,085	1,100	2.3	2.3	2.2
Before 1980	830	385	445	0.9	0.8	0.9
1980 to 1990	150	85	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	165	75	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	355	160	200	0.4	0.3	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	680	390	295	0.7	0.8	0.6
2011 to 2015	280	135	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	405	250	150	0.4	0.5	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	2,335	1,345	990	2.4	2.9	2.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,185	1,085	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	325	155	175	14.9	14.3	16.0
5 to 14 years	395	205	190	18.1	18.9	17.4
15 to 24 years	425	200	225	19.5	18.4	20.5
25 to 44 years	910	445	465	41.6	41.0	42.5
45 years and over	135	90	45	6.2	8.3	4.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,185	1,085	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	515	240	275	23.6	22.1	25.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	20	0	1.1	1.8	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
United States of America	410	185	225	18.8	17.1	20.5
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	15	1.8	2.3	1.4
Europe	745	370	375	34.1	34.1	34.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	90	35	55	4.1	3.2	5.0
Greece	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Italy	35	20	10	1.6	1.8	0.9
Netherlands	50	40	10	2.3	3.7	0.9
Poland	25	0	20	1.1	0.0	1.8
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	370	165	210	16.9	15.2	19.2
Other places of birth in Europe	115	60	50	5.3	5.5	4.6
Africa	205	120	85	9.4	11.1	7.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Egypt	35	30	10	1.6	2.8	0.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	10	1.1	0.9	0.9
Nigeria	65	25	40	3.0	2.3	3.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	15	2.5	3.2	1.4
Asia	700	340	355	32.0	31.3	32.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	35	15	20	1.6	1.4	1.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	120	60	60	5.5	5.5	5.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	45	20	25	2.1	1.8	2.3
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Philippines	205	95	110	9.4	8.8	10.0
Viet Nam	35	15	20	1.6	1.4	1.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	105	50	55	4.8	4.6	5.0
Pakistan	45	25	15	2.1	2.3	1.4
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	30	3.2	3.2	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	15	10	0.9	1.4	0.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	405	255	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	30	15	9.9	11.8	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	2.5	3.9	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	6.2	3.9	6.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	50	15	16.0	19.6	10.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	10	10	4.9	3.9	6.7
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	25	0	6.2	9.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	25	25	13.6	9.8	16.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	15	10	4.9	5.9	6.7
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	30	10	15	7.4	3.9	10.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	240	145	95	59.3	56.9	63.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	25	20	11.1	9.8	13.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	40	15	13.6	15.7	10.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	85	55	30	21.0	21.6	20.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	2.5	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	2.5	3.9	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	2.5	3.9	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	96,640	46,420	50,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,960	2,620	2,335	5.1	5.6	4.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,535	2,170	2,365	4.7	4.7	4.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	87,140	41,625	45,520	90.2	89.7	90.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,355	705	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	805	460	350	59.4	65.2	53.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	415	295	125	30.6	41.8	19.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	395	165	230	29.2	23.4	35.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	460	200	260	33.9	28.4	39.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	45	40	6.3	6.4	6.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,355	705	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	10	1.8	1.4	1.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	320	200	120	23.6	28.4	18.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	95	55	40	7.0	7.8	6.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130	85	50	9.6	12.1	7.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	780	360	425	57.6	51.1	64.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,945	2,605	2,335	5.1	5.6	4.6
South Asian	1,985	1,140	845	2.1	2.5	1.7
Chinese	615	315	295	0.6	0.7	0.6
Black	1,255	625	630	1.3	1.3	1.3
Filipino	340	155	190	0.4	0.3	0.4
Arab	220	140	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin American	80	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	140	55	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Asian	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	80	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	91,695	43,810	47,885	94.9	94.4	95.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	15,050	7,185	7,860	15.6	15.5	15.7
English	19,780	9,360	10,425	20.5	20.2	20.8
Irish	22,125	10,285	11,840	22.9	22.2	23.6
Scottish	36,210	17,080	19,125	37.5	36.8	38.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	13,430	6,330	7,100	13.9	13.6	14.1
German	2,995	1,410	1,585	3.1	3.0	3.2
Chinese	575	285	295	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italian	3,635	1,785	1,850	3.8	3.8	3.7
Indian (India)	1,295	705	590	1.3	1.5	1.2
Ukrainian	1,345	680	660	1.4	1.5	1.3
Dutch	1,150	530	620	1.2	1.1	1.2
Polish	2,255	1,190	1,065	2.3	2.6	2.1
Québécois	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,285	630	650	1.3	1.4	1.3
Filipino	285	125	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
French Canadian	290	130	170	0.3	0.3	0.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	4,955	2,295	2,660	5.1	4.9	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,815	900	920	1.9	1.9	1.8
Métis	1,090	540	550	1.1	1.2	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,645	1,315	1,330	2.7	2.8	2.6
Russian	235	125	115	0.2	0.3	0.2
Norwegian	385	155	230	0.4	0.3	0.5
Welsh	1,555	690	865	1.6	1.5	1.7
Portuguese	140	60	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
American	265	115	150	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	360	165	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swedish	285	95	190	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	405	215	185	0.4	0.5	0.4
Acadian	2,220	1,025	1,200	2.3	2.2	2.4
Pakistani	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	370	205	160	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jewish	180	105	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Punjabi	255	180	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Vietnamese	90	30	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	280	145	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	295	180	120	0.3	0.4	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	135	55	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	130	80	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	895	495	405	0.9	1.1	0.8
Iranian	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	305	130	170	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	200	65	135	0.2	0.1	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	695	320	375	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sikh	165	115	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Austrian	225	140	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belgian	495	245	250	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	185	115	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mexican	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	50	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	4,430	2,120	2,310	4.6	4.6	4.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	195	85	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	70	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	1,465	650	815	1.5	1.4	1.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	90	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	40	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	2,030	1,005	1,025	2.1	2.2	2.0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	180	70	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	95	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	115	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	105	35	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	220	90	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	3,930	1,935	1,995	4.1	4.2	4.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	90	60	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	35	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	55	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maliseet	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	140	55	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	96,640	46,420	50,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	100	35	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	73,005	33,785	39,220	75.5	72.8	78.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,825	1,370	1,455	2.9	3.0	2.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	6,145	2,880	3,265	6.4	6.2	6.5
Baptist	790	320	465	0.8	0.7	0.9
Catholic	49,860	23,175	26,685	51.6	49.9	53.1
Christian Orthodox	200	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	280	120	155	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	115	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	490	210	285	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	300	125	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	2,275	985	1,285	2.4	2.1	2.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	6,160	2,730	3,430	6.4	5.9	6.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	3,470	1,685	1,785	3.6	3.6	3.6
Hindu	705	430	280	0.7	0.9	0.6
Jewish	95	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	455	275	180	0.5	0.6	0.4
Sikh	575	315	260	0.6	0.7	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	310	150	155	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	450	165	285	0.5	0.4	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	20,940	11,215	9,725	21.7	24.2	19.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	95,910	46,045	49,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	87,700	41,945	45,760	91.4	91.1	91.8
Movers	8,205	4,100	4,105	8.6	8.9	8.2
Non-migrants	5,765	2,850	2,910	6.0	6.2	5.8
Migrants	2,440	1,250	1,195	2.5	2.7	2.4
Internal migrants	2,095	1,055	1,040	2.2	2.3	2.1
Intraprovincial migrants	795	365	430	0.8	0.8	0.9
Interprovincial migrants	1,300	685	610	1.4	1.5	1.2
External migrants	345	195	150	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	92,835	44,400	48,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	68,270	32,590	35,680	73.5	73.4	73.7
Movers	24,565	11,810	12,755	26.5	26.6	26.3
Non-migrants	16,045	7,360	8,680	17.3	16.6	17.9
Migrants	8,520	4,450	4,075	9.2	10.0	8.4
Internal migrants	6,025	3,045	2,980	6.5	6.9	6.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,435	1,185	1,255	2.6	2.7	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	3,590	1,860	1,725	3.9	4.2	3.6
External migrants	2,495	1,405	1,090	2.7	3.2	2.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	83,515	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	18,495	9,655	8,840	22.1	24.3	20.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	65,020	30,065	34,955	77.9	75.7	79.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,080	23,155	25,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,345	3,670	2,675	12.9	15.8	10.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	42,735	19,485	23,250	87.1	84.2	89.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	83,515	39,720	43,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,315	8,140	8,170	19.5	20.5	18.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	23,870	11,400	12,470	28.6	28.7	28.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,330	20,180	23,150	51.9	50.8	52.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	29,020	14,270	14,755	34.7	35.9	33.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,010	6,910	2,100	10.8	17.4	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,665	3,005	1,660	5.6	7.6	3.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,340	3,905	440	5.2	9.8	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	17,535	6,295	11,240	21.0	15.8	25.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,475	1,065	1,415	3.0	2.7	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	14,310	5,910	8,400	17.1	14.9	19.2
Bachelor's degree	9,815	3,940	5,875	11.8	9.9	13.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,450	710	735	1.7	1.8	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	420	235	190	0.5	0.6	0.4
Master's degree	2,375	880	1,495	2.8	2.2	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	245	150	100	0.3	0.4	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,080	23,155	25,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,425	3,065	2,360	11.1	13.2	9.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,490	6,555	6,930	27.5	28.3	26.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,170	13,540	16,630	61.5	58.5	64.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	19,575	9,510	10,060	39.9	41.1	38.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,715	4,395	1,325	11.6	19.0	5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,910	1,880	1,030	5.9	8.1	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,805	2,510	290	5.7	10.8	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	12,350	4,440	7,915	25.2	19.2	30.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,510	680	830	3.1	2.9	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,590	4,025	6,570	21.6	17.4	25.3
Bachelor's degree	7,290	2,715	4,570	14.9	11.7	17.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,045	510	540	2.1	2.2	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	155	150	0.6	0.7	0.6
Master's degree	1,780	560	1,220	3.6	2.4	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	85	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	83,515	39,725	43,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	40,185	19,540	20,645	48.1	49.2	47.1
Education	3,655	975	2,685	4.4	2.5	6.1
13. Education	3,655	975	2,685	4.4	2.5	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	530	305	225	0.6	0.8	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	450	235	220	0.5	0.6	0.5
Humanities	1,445	655	790	1.7	1.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	245	95	155	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	580	255	325	0.7	0.6	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	95	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	285	145	140	0.3	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,905	975	2,930	4.7	2.5	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	320	135	190	0.4	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,405	190	1,215	1.7	0.5	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	565	165	405	0.7	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
42. Psychology	740	155	580	0.9	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	770	280	485	0.9	0.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	8,460	2,535	5,925	10.1	6.4	13.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	770	190	580	0.9	0.5	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,675	2,350	5,325	9.2	5.9	12.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,015	520	500	1.2	1.3	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	375	165	210	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	370	175	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	185	135	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,060	630	430	1.3	1.6	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	960	595	365	1.1	1.5	0.8
25. Library science	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	10,390	9,820	575	12.4	24.7	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	1,100	950	145	1.3	2.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,120	1,915	205	2.5	4.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,420	3,350	65	4.1	8.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,290	2,200	95	2.7	5.5	0.2
48. Precision production	1,425	1,365	55	1.7	3.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	485	250	240	0.6	0.6	0.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	250	85	160	0.3	0.2	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	160	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Health and related fields	8,590	1,270	7,315	10.3	3.2	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	205	115	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	8,230	1,065	7,160	9.9	2.7	16.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	155	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,795	2,255	1,540	4.5	5.7	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,935	555	1,385	2.3	1.4	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	610	515	100	0.7	1.3	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,220	1,170	50	1.5	2.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	49,080	23,160	25,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,915	9,625	9,290	38.5	41.6	35.8
Education	2,115	475	1,640	4.3	2.1	6.3
13. Education	2,115	475	1,640	4.3	2.1	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	445	255	190	0.9	1.1	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	395	210	185	0.8	0.9	0.7
Humanities	925	355	565	1.9	1.5	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	135	35	100	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	150	255	0.8	0.6	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	55	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	185	85	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,140	720	2,420	6.4	3.1	9.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	115	145	0.5	0.5	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,135	145	990	2.3	0.6	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	475	120	355	1.0	0.5	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
42. Psychology	590	115	480	1.2	0.5	1.9
45. Social sciences	605	190	415	1.2	0.8	1.6
Business, management and public administration	5,775	1,640	4,135	11.8	7.1	16.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	550	100	445	1.1	0.4	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,220	1,540	3,685	10.6	6.6	14.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	685	335	345	1.4	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	130	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	225	100	130	0.5	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	120	85	35	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	880	530	350	1.8	2.3	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	820	520	300	1.7	2.2	1.2
25. Library science	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,835	6,395	440	13.9	27.6	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	810	690	120	1.7	3.0	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,310	1,155	155	2.7	5.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,245	2,200	45	4.6	9.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,540	1,470	70	3.1	6.3	0.3
48. Precision production	900	855	45	1.8	3.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	185	180	0.7	0.8	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	185	65	120	0.4	0.3	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	130	55	0.4	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	6,080	925	5,160	12.4	4.0	19.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,845	805	5,045	11.9	3.5	19.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	95	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,925	1,710	1,215	6.0	7.4	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,455	390	1,070	3.0	1.7	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	500	405	95	1.0	1.7	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	940	895	40	1.9	3.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	49,080	23,160	25,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,915	9,625	9,290	38.5	41.6	35.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	30,170	13,535	16,630	61.5	58.4	64.2
Location of study inside Canada	28,685	12,780	15,905	58.4	55.2	61.4
Same as province or territory of residence	24,875	10,820	14,060	50.7	46.7	54.2
Different than province or territory of residence	3,805	1,960	1,845	7.8	8.5	7.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,485	760	730	3.0	3.3	2.8
Americas	385	170	215	0.8	0.7	0.8
United States of America	360	165	200	0.7	0.7	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	160	85	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	50	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	865	450	415	1.8	1.9	1.6
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	160	65	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	490	290	200	1.0	1.3	0.8
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oceania	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Australia	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	83,515	39,720	43,795	...	...	...
In the labour force	43,100	21,465	21,625	...	...	...
Employed	34,605	16,600	18,005	...	...	...
Unemployed	8,490	4,865	3,625	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	40,420	18,255	22,165	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.6	54.0	49.4	51.6	54.0	49.4
Employment rate	41.4	41.8	41.1	41.4	41.8	41.1
Unemployment rate	19.7	22.7	16.8	19.7	22.7	16.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	83,515	39,725	43,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	40,005	18,325	21,680	47.9	46.1	49.5
Worked	43,515	21,395	22,120	52.1	53.9	50.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	20,620	9,875	10,745	24.7	24.9	24.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	22,890	11,515	11,370	27.4	29.0	26.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.2	37.2	39.2	38.2	37.2	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	43,095	21,470	21,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,755	1,015	740	4.1	4.7	3.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	41,345	20,455	20,885	95.9	95.3	96.6
Employee	38,270	18,445	19,825	88.8	85.9	91.7
Permanent position	27,880	12,940	14,940	64.7	60.3	69.1
Temporary position	10,395	5,510	4,885	24.1	25.7	22.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,820	755	1,060	4.2	3.5	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	8,575	4,750	3,830	19.9	22.1	17.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,070	2,010	1,060	7.1	9.4	4.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	43,095	21,470	21,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,755	1,015	740	4.1	4.7	3.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	41,345	20,455	20,885	95.9	95.3	96.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205	120	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,775	1,535	4,240	13.4	7.1	19.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,495	1,220	270	3.5	5.7	1.2
3 Health occupations	5,285	970	4,320	12.3	4.5	20.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,670	1,880	3,780	13.2	8.8	17.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	715	290	420	1.7	1.4	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	12,515	5,535	6,985	29.0	25.8	32.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,995	6,610	385	16.2	30.8	1.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,450	1,270	190	3.4	5.9	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,235	1,025	205	2.9	4.8	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	43,095	21,470	21,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,755	1,015	740	4.1	4.7	3.4
All industries¹⁹¹	41,345	20,455	20,885	95.9	95.3	96.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,320	1,090	230	3.1	5.1	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	570	520	50	1.3	2.4	0.2
22 Utilities	405	365	35	0.9	1.7	0.2
23 Construction	3,160	2,865	290	7.3	13.3	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	1,380	1,115	265	3.2	5.2	1.2
41 Wholesale trade	515	430	90	1.2	2.0	0.4
44-45 Retail trade	5,460	2,490	2,965	12.7	11.6	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,735	1,295	440	4.0	6.0	2.0
51 Information and cultural industries	380	215	170	0.9	1.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	740	235	500	1.7	1.1	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	325	235	85	0.8	1.1	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,500	845	655	3.5	3.9	3.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,785	1,640	1,150	6.5	7.6	5.3
61 Educational services	3,365	1,040	2,325	7.8	4.8	10.7
62 Health care and social assistance	8,340	1,660	6,685	19.4	7.7	30.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	800	415	390	1.9	1.9	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	3,100	1,410	1,690	7.2	6.6	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,645	835	815	3.8	3.9	3.8
91 Public administration	3,795	1,760	2,035	8.8	8.2	9.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	47,320	23,460	23,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	45,470	22,595	22,875	96.1	96.3	95.9
French	120	55	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	310	165	145	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	275	145	125	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	505	200	305	1.1	0.9	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	905	440	460	1.9	1.9	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	47,320	23,460	23,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	47,035	23,350	23,690	99.4	99.5	99.3
Official languages	46,480	23,060	23,420	98.2	98.3	98.2
English	46,250	22,970	23,285	97.7	97.9	97.6
French	230	90	135	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official languages	555	295	265	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	505	265	240	1.1	1.1	1.0
Algonquian languages	500	260	240	1.1	1.1	1.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	500	260	240	1.1	1.1	1.0
Mi'kmaq	500	260	240	1.1	1.1	1.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	110	170	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and French	110	40	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	175	70	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	47,320	23,460	23,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	46,160	22,915	23,245	97.5	97.7	97.4
English	355	165	195	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	295	125	170	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	465	215	240	1.0	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	310	130	185	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-Indigenous	145	90	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	34,605	16,600	18,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,255	1,690	2,570	12.3	10.2	14.3
Worked outside Canada	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,915	3,510	1,405	14.2	21.1	7.8
Usual place of work	25,400	11,375	14,025	73.4	68.5	77.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	25,400	11,375	14,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,185	10,195	12,990	91.3	89.6	92.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	445	190	255	1.8	1.7	1.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	555	305	255	2.2	2.7	1.8
Commute to a different province or territory	1,220	690	535	4.8	6.1	3.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	30,315	14,885	15,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	27,830	13,545	14,285	91.8	91.0	92.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,385	12,580	12,800	83.7	84.5	83.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,445	965	1,480	8.1	6.5	9.6
Public transit	565	345	220	1.9	2.3	1.4
Walked	1,075	495	580	3.5	3.3	3.8
Bicycle	55	50	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other method	785	440	345	2.6	3.0	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	30,315	14,885	15,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,315	6,455	7,855	47.2	43.4	50.9
15 to 29 minutes	10,510	5,170	5,340	34.7	34.7	34.6
30 to 44 minutes	3,815	2,130	1,685	12.6	14.3	10.9
45 to 59 minutes	830	520	310	2.7	3.5	2.0
60 minutes and over	855	615	240	2.8	4.1	1.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	30,315	14,885	15,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,495	1,015	485	4.9	6.8	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,295	2,925	2,370	17.5	19.7	15.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,345	4,130	4,220	27.5	27.7	27.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,850	3,205	4,650	25.9	21.5	30.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,170	1,450	1,715	10.5	9.7	11.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,160	2,155	2,000	13.7	14.5	13.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	16,450	8,405	8,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	935	450	485	5.7	5.4	6.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15,515	7,950	7,560	94.3	94.6	94.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	12,325	6,285	6,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	735	340	390	6.0	5.4	6.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	505	230	275	4.1	3.7	4.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	230	115	115	1.9	1.8	1.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,595	5,945	5,650	94.1	94.6	93.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table