Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Campbell RiverMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	40,704	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	37,861	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	18,433	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	17,640	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	23.5	...	...	23.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,734.05	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	40,705	20,100	20,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,920	3,085	2,840	14.5	15.3	13.8
0 to 4 years	1,675	880	790	4.1	4.4	3.8
5 to 9 years	2,055	1,070	985	5.0	5.3	4.8
10 to 14 years	2,195	1,130	1,065	5.4	5.6	5.2
15 to 64 years	24,290	11,980	12,305	59.7	59.6	59.7
15 to 19 years	2,020	1,055	965	5.0	5.2	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,740	935	810	4.3	4.7	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,980	985	1,000	4.9	4.9	4.9
30 to 34 years	2,305	1,145	1,160	5.7	5.7	5.6
35 to 39 years	2,450	1,215	1,235	6.0	6.0	6.0
40 to 44 years	2,455	1,210	1,245	6.0	6.0	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,255	1,080	1,170	5.5	5.4	5.7
50 to 54 years	2,465	1,190	1,275	6.1	5.9	6.2
55 to 59 years	3,020	1,420	1,600	7.4	7.1	7.8
60 to 64 years	3,595	1,750	1,845	8.8	8.7	9.0
65 years and over	10,490	5,030	5,460	25.8	25.0	26.5
65 to 69 years	3,470	1,655	1,815	8.5	8.2	8.8
70 to 74 years	2,960	1,460	1,500	7.3	7.3	7.3
75 to 79 years	1,910	955	955	4.7	4.8	4.6
80 to 84 years	1,110	535	580	2.7	2.7	2.8
85 years and over	1,040	425	615	2.6	2.1	3.0
85 to 89 years	630	280	350	1.5	1.4	1.7
90 to 94 years	320	125	195	0.8	0.6	0.9
95 to 99 years	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.3	13.8	14.5	15.3	13.8
15 to 64 years	59.7	59.6	59.7	59.7	59.6	59.7
65 years and over	25.8	25.0	26.5	25.8	25.0	26.5
85 years and over	2.6	2.1	3.0	2.6	2.1	3.0
Average age of the population	45.8	45.0	46.6	45.8	45.0	46.6
Median age of the population	48.4	46.8	49.6	48.4	46.8	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,175	...	...	63.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	850	...	...	4.8	...	...
Row house	1,080	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	740	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,840	...	...	16.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	950	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,010	...	...	28.4	...	...
2 persons	7,410	...	...	42.0	...	...
3 persons	2,315	...	...	13.1	...	...
4 persons	1,900	...	...	10.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,010	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	39,935	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	34,780	17,015	17,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	20,880	10,430	10,450	60.0	61.3	58.8
Married	16,380	8,180	8,200	47.1	48.1	46.2
Living common-law	4,500	2,250	2,250	12.9	13.2	12.7
Living common law - Never married	2,895	1,465	1,435	8.3	8.6	8.1
Living common law - Separated	260	130	135	0.7	0.8	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	1,145	585	560	3.3	3.4	3.2
Living common law - Widowed	195	70	125	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	13,905	6,585	7,320	40.0	38.7	41.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,990	4,505	3,490	23.0	26.5	19.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,060	485	575	3.0	2.9	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,760	1,120	1,645	7.9	6.6	9.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,090	475	1,610	6.0	2.8	9.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	12,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,565	...	...	62.4	...	...
3 persons	2,175	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	1,710	...	...	14.1	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	12,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,175	...	...	84.0	...	...
Married couples	7,920	...	...	65.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,995	...	...	24.7	...	...
Without children	4,925	...	...	40.7	...	...
Common-law couples	2,250	...	...	18.6	...	...
With children⁶	810	...	...	6.7	...	...
Without children	1,435	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,945	...	...	16.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,460	...	...	12.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	485	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	39,935	19,770	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	32,060	15,930	16,135	80.3	80.6	80.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	20,345	10,160	10,185	50.9	51.4	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,945	485	1,460	4.9	2.5	7.2
Children⁶	9,775	5,285	4,490	24.5	26.7	22.3
In a two-parent family	6,810	3,660	3,155	17.1	18.5	15.6
In a one-parent family	2,960	1,630	1,330	7.4	8.2	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,870	3,845	4,025	19.7	19.4	20.0
Living alone	5,010	2,295	2,715	12.5	11.6	13.5
Living with other relatives⁷	880	430	450	2.2	2.2	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	1,985	1,120	865	5.0	5.7	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,715	...	...	60.7	...	...
Couple-family households	9,230	...	...	52.3	...	...
With children⁶	3,405	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	5,830	...	...	33.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,480	...	...	8.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	350	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	105	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	680	...	...	3.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	780	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	5,010	...	...	28.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	34,025	16,695	17,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,190	16,270	16,920	97.5	97.5	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	34,800	40,000	47,600	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,220	16,290	16,930	97.6	97.6	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	42,800	32,400	36,800	42,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,470	14,745	14,725	86.6	88.3	85.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,400	25,400	32,000	40,400	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,845	11,120	10,725	64.2	66.6	61.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	44,800	28,400	34,400	44,800	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,530	13,430	15,100	83.9	80.4	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	12,800	12,800	12,800	12,800	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,665	1,855	1,810	10.8	11.1	10.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,290	3,870	4,420	24.4	23.2	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	34,025	16,700	17,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,115	16,260	16,855	97.3	97.4	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,760	58,350	41,480	49,760	58,350	41,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,175	16,305	16,870	97.5	97.6	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920	49,200	36,800	42,920	49,200	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,535	14,820	14,710	86.8	88.7	84.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,440	52,750	34,040	43,440	52,750	34,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,840	11,150	10,690	64.2	66.8	61.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,160	54,600	35,360	45,160	54,600	35,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,455	13,450	15,005	83.6	80.5	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,840	12,460	13,200	12,840	12,460	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,650	1,880	1,770	10.7	11.3	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,255	7,130	6,680	6,255	7,130
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,060	3,900	4,160	23.7	23.4	24.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,680	8,320	9,020	8,680	8,320	9,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	34,020	16,700	17,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,080	5,010	4,065	26.7	30.0	23.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	68,000	51,600	58,800	68,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,400	76,300	56,300	67,400	76,300	56,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,520	4,455	5,065	28.0	26.7	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	26,600	18,000	21,400	26,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,320	42,880	24,960	33,320	42,880	24,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	82.4	71.6	77.8	82.4	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.9	64.2	54.1	59.9	64.2	54.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	17.6	28.4	22.2	17.6	28.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.3	7.1	5.5	4.3	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.4	5.4	4.2	3.4	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	34,025	16,695	17,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	835	425	410	2.5	2.5	2.4
With total income	33,190	16,270	16,920	97.5	97.5	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,380	960	1,425	7.2	5.9	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	4,010	1,525	2,485	12.1	9.4	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	5,345	2,180	3,165	16.1	13.4	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	4,805	2,120	2,685	14.5	13.0	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	4,100	1,840	2,265	12.4	11.3	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	3,165	1,565	1,605	9.5	9.6	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,250	1,275	980	6.8	7.8	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	1,140	735	5.6	7.0	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	800	500	3.9	4.9	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,045	680	365	3.1	4.2	2.2
$100,000 and over	2,910	2,190	720	8.8	13.5	4.3
$100,000 to $149,999	2,040	1,495	550	6.1	9.2	3.3
$150,000 and over	865	695	170	2.6	4.3	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	34,025	16,695	17,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	800	400	395	2.4	2.4	2.3
With after-tax income	33,225	16,295	16,935	97.6	97.6	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,520	1,015	1,505	7.6	6.2	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,155	1,575	2,580	12.5	9.7	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	6,075	2,485	3,585	18.3	15.3	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	5,435	2,425	3,005	16.4	14.9	17.7
$40,000 to $49,999	4,530	2,155	2,375	13.6	13.2	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,195	1,735	1,465	9.6	10.6	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,370	1,460	910	7.1	9.0	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,600	1,005	595	4.8	6.2	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	785	365	3.5	4.8	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	660	475	185	2.0	2.9	1.1
$100,000 and over	1,530	1,170	355	4.6	7.2	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	855	640	215	2.6	3.9	1.3
$125,000 and over	670	525	145	2.0	3.2	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	34,025	16,695	17,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,185	5,570	6,610	35.8	33.4	38.1
With employment income	21,845	11,125	10,720	64.2	66.6	61.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,280	1,550	1,735	15.0	13.9	16.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,755	710	1,045	8.0	6.4	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,540	1,085	1,460	11.6	9.8	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,360	990	1,365	10.8	8.9	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,050	860	1,190	9.4	7.7	11.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,915	825	1,095	8.8	7.4	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,710	850	855	7.8	7.6	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	765	540	6.0	6.9	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	750	435	5.4	6.7	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	865	555	315	4.0	5.0	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	770	520	250	3.5	4.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	2,105	1,660	440	9.6	14.9	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,045	790	255	4.8	7.1	2.4
$125,000 and over	1,055	875	185	4.8	7.9	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	34,025	16,695	17,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,580	15,945	16,635	95.8	95.5	96.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	31,200	38,000	46,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,660	15,960	16,705	96.0	95.6	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,600	28,800	34,400	41,600	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,445	14,700	14,750	86.5	88.1	85.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,000	26,400	32,800	42,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,375	11,940	11,435	68.7	71.5	66.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,000	27,600	32,800	42,000	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,715	10,600	13,110	69.7	63.5	75.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,300	11,700	9,600	10,300	11,700	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,110	1,655	1,450	9.1	9.9	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440	5,640	5,200	5,440	5,640	5,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	34,025	16,700	17,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,500	15,910	16,590	95.5	95.3	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,640	58,050	39,640	48,640	58,050	39,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,560	15,915	16,645	95.7	95.3	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,280	34,440	41,200	48,280	34,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,495	14,700	14,790	86.7	88.0	85.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,040	54,950	35,200	45,040	54,950	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,485	11,970	11,515	69.0	71.7	66.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,440	52,400	34,120	43,440	52,400	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,575	10,575	13,000	69.3	63.3	75.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,720	10,950	10,540	10,720	10,950	10,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,965	1,520	1,445	8.7	9.1	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,090	7,150	7,030	7,090	7,150	7,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	34,020	16,700	17,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,070	5,005	4,060	26.7	30.0	23.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	64,500	48,000	54,800	64,500	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,500	73,300	51,400	63,500	73,300	51,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,100	4,240	4,855	26.7	25.4	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,200	33,600	22,600	27,200	33,600	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,360	48,800	29,240	38,360	48,800	29,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	87.4	79.2	84.0	87.4	79.2
Employment income (%)	64.4	67.8	59.7	64.4	67.8	59.7
Government transfers (%)	16.0	12.5	20.8	16.0	12.5	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	17,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	12,630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	17,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,400	...	...	93,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,700	...	...	80,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,280	...	...	48,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,240	...	...	42,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	12,615	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	325	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	785	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	605	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	595	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	790	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	760	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	765	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,255	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,210	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,365	...	...	36.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,045	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,515	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,665	...	...	9.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,145	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	825	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	685	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	905	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	840	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	840	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,660	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,570	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,470	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,285	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,090	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,075	...	...	28.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,090	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,320	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,665	...	...	9.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	12,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,845	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,990	3,415	3,580	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	39,200	36,000	37,600	39,200	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,000	33,600	34,800	36,000	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	12,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	110,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	86,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,200	...	...	121,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,940	3,405	3,535	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	50,360	42,600	46,400	50,360	42,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,640	43,120	38,280	40,640	43,120	38,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	39,935	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,130	3,725	3,405	17.9	18.8	16.9
0 to 5 years	2,085	1,095	990	5.2	5.5	4.9
18 to 64 years	22,855	11,220	11,640	57.2	56.7	57.7
65 years and over	9,950	4,835	5,120	24.9	24.5	25.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,015	1,865	2,155	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	885	475	405	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	260	145	110	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,885	905	980	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,245	485	765	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.1	9.4	10.7	10.1	9.4	10.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.8	12.0	12.4	12.8	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	13.6	11.2	12.4	13.6	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.1	8.5	8.3	8.1	8.5
65 years and over (%)	12.5	10.0	14.9	12.5	10.0	14.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	38,965	19,275	19,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,925	3,615	3,305	17.8	18.8	16.8
0 to 5 years	2,030	1,065	965	5.2	5.5	4.9
18 to 64 years	22,245	10,900	11,345	57.1	56.5	57.6
65 years and over	9,795	4,760	5,035	25.1	24.7	25.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,245	650	590	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	150	125	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	40	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	840	445	390	...	...	...
65 years and over	125	55	75	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.8	4.0	4.3	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.8	3.3	3.8	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	4.1	3.5	3.8	4.1	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	39,935	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	20,685	9,885	10,805	51.8	50.0	53.6
In bottom decile	3,705	1,795	1,905	9.3	9.1	9.4
In second decile	4,235	1,920	2,315	10.6	9.7	11.5
In third decile	4,155	1,990	2,165	10.4	10.1	10.7
In fourth decile	4,270	2,070	2,200	10.7	10.5	10.9
In fifth decile	4,325	2,105	2,220	10.8	10.6	11.0
In top half of the distribution	19,250	9,895	9,355	48.2	50.0	46.4
In sixth decile	4,140	2,075	2,065	10.4	10.5	10.2
In seventh decile	4,155	2,145	2,015	10.4	10.8	10.0
In eighth decile	4,080	2,090	1,995	10.2	10.6	9.9
In ninth decile	3,765	1,975	1,790	9.4	10.0	8.9
In top decile	3,110	1,610	1,500	7.8	8.1	7.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	39,935	...	...	39,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.299	...	...	0.299	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.430	...	...	0.430	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	37,500	18,665	18,830	92.9	93.5	92.2
French only	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,755	1,245	1,510	6.8	6.2	7.4
Neither English nor French	115	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	39,740	19,660	20,075	98.4	98.4	98.3
French	500	240	255	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	110	45	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,880	19,735	20,145	98.7	98.8	98.7
Official languages	37,370	18,545	18,825	92.5	92.9	92.2
English	36,815	18,285	18,535	91.2	91.6	90.8
French	550	265	290	1.4	1.3	1.4
Non-official languages	2,515	1,190	1,320	6.2	6.0	6.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,445	1,160	1,285	6.1	5.8	6.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	155	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	270	100	170	0.7	0.5	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	80	135	0.5	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,475	730	745	3.7	3.7	3.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	275	125	145	0.7	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	265	120	150	0.7	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	655	330	325	1.6	1.7	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	390	195	190	1.0	1.0	0.9
German	355	180	175	0.9	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	180	90	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	125	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	130	110	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	235	120	110	0.6	0.6	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	80	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	140	150	0.7	0.7	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	160	75	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	80	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	170	80	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	510	230	275	1.3	1.2	1.3
English and French	150	60	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	315	155	155	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	37,760	18,735	19,025	93.5	93.8	93.2
French	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	395	185	205	1.0	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	395	185	205	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	385	175	210	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	1,665	775	885	4.1	3.9	4.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	0.1	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	40,080	19,820	20,255	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	39,250	19,425	19,825	97.2	97.3	97.1
English	39,120	19,360	19,760	96.9	96.9	96.8
French	130	70	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Non-official languages	830	395	430	2.1	2.0	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	820	395	430	2.0	2.0	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	355	170	185	0.9	0.9	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Korean	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	310	150	160	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	255	125	135	0.6	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	40,385	19,970	20,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	38,510	19,095	19,415	95.4	95.6	95.1
English	380	185	195	0.9	0.9	1.0
French	305	130	170	0.8	0.7	0.8
Non-official language	1,005	470	535	2.5	2.4	2.6
Indigenous³⁹	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	900	415	480	2.2	2.1	2.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	39,935	19,770	20,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	39,815	19,720	20,095	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	39,805	19,720	20,080	99.7	99.7	99.6
French	2,740	1,305	1,435	6.9	6.6	7.1
Non-official languages	3,960	1,835	2,125	9.9	9.3	10.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	290	130	165	0.7	0.7	0.8
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salish languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	215	95	125	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	205	85	120	0.5	0.4	0.6
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,680	1,710	1,970	9.2	8.6	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	185	80	105	0.5	0.4	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	180	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	375	155	225	0.9	0.8	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	355	135	210	0.9	0.7	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,535	1,180	1,360	6.3	6.0	6.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	305	135	165	0.8	0.7	0.8
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	290	125	165	0.7	0.6	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	35	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	940	415	525	2.4	2.1	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	540	235	300	1.4	1.2	1.5
German	530	230	300	1.3	1.2	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	320	140	180	0.8	0.7	0.9
Afrikaans	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	185	70	110	0.5	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	115	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	55	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	425	230	200	1.1	1.2	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	425	225	200	1.1	1.1	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	265	120	140	0.7	0.6	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	115	115	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	885	425	460	2.2	2.1	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Romanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	655	300	345	1.6	1.5	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	135	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	125	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	105	70	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	39,935	19,770	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,975	2,505	2,475	12.5	12.7	12.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,740	2,385	2,345	11.9	12.1	11.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,315	1,675	1,645	8.3	8.5	8.2
Métis	1,410	710	700	3.5	3.6	3.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	85	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	155	70	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	34,960	17,270	17,685	87.5	87.4	87.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	39,935	19,770	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,655	1,355	1,305	6.6	6.9	6.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,275	18,415	18,860	93.3	93.1	93.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,930	...	...	73.3	...	...
Renter	4,615	...	...	26.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,970	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not condominium	15,670	...	...	88.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	145	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	1,410	...	...	8.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,530	...	...	25.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,510	...	...	42.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,045	...	...	22.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,215	...	...	23.9	...	...
5 rooms	3,195	...	...	18.1	...	...
6 rooms	2,895	...	...	16.4	...	...
7 rooms	2,185	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,150	...	...	29.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,480	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	160	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	17,175	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	465	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,395	...	...	7.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,785	...	...	32.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,965	...	...	16.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,035	...	...	17.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	740	...	...	4.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,360	...	...	7.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	955	...	...	5.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,405	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	16,680	...	...	94.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	960	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,540	...	...	48.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	8,335	...	...	47.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	765	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	375	...	...	2.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,885	...	...	10.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,580	...	...	14.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,760	...	...	15.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,710	...	...	21.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,850	...	...	21.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,965	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	17,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,615	...	...	79.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,605	...	...	20.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,320	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	17,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,655	...	...	26.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,280	...	...	18.6	...	...
Not suitable only	365	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	645	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	270	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,985	...	...	73.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	16,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,885	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not in core need	15,045	...	...	88.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,680	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.6	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,302	...	...	1,302	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	548,000	...	...	548,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	580,500	...	...	580,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,585	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.3	...	...	12.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.4	...	...	38.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.0	...	...	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,252	...	...	1,252	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	95	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	520	...	...	520	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	510	...	...	510	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	39,935	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,110	1,065	1,050	5.3	5.4	5.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,075	1,040	1,030	5.2	5.3	5.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,795	895	900	4.5	4.5	4.5
Métis single ancestry	275	135	135	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,130	1,560	1,570	7.8	7.9	7.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,060	1,520	1,540	7.7	7.7	7.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,275	1,135	1,145	5.7	5.7	5.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	745	375	375	1.9	1.9	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	34,690	17,150	17,545	86.9	86.7	87.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	39,930	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	38,715	19,180	19,530	97.0	97.0	96.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,050	3,695	3,355	17.7	18.7	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	31,665	15,485	16,180	79.3	78.3	80.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,215	595	630	3.0	3.0	3.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	39,930	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	35,595	17,770	17,835	89.1	89.9	88.5
Immigrants⁸¹	4,105	1,885	2,220	10.3	9.5	11.0
Before 1980	1,970	910	1,060	4.9	4.6	5.3
1980 to 1990	430	175	255	1.1	0.9	1.3
1991 to 2000	405	130	275	1.0	0.7	1.4
2001 to 2010	515	260	255	1.3	1.3	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	790	410	375	2.0	2.1	1.9
2011 to 2015	365	190	180	0.9	1.0	0.9
2016 to 2021	420	225	195	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	230	120	110	0.6	0.6	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,105	1,880	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	565	285	275	13.8	15.2	12.4
5 to 14 years	875	365	505	21.3	19.4	22.7
15 to 24 years	785	315	470	19.1	16.8	21.2
25 to 44 years	1,580	765	815	38.5	40.7	36.7
45 years and over	305	150	155	7.4	8.0	7.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,105	1,880	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	550	255	300	13.4	13.6	13.5
Brazil	25	15	15	0.6	0.8	0.7
Colombia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
Mexico	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	395	190	205	9.6	10.1	9.2
Other places of birth in Americas	70	25	40	1.7	1.3	1.8
Europe	2,215	1,055	1,155	54.0	56.1	52.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
France	70	25	45	1.7	1.3	2.0
Germany	260	110	150	6.3	5.9	6.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	40	20	20	1.0	1.1	0.9
Italy	50	40	10	1.2	2.1	0.5
Netherlands	155	70	80	3.8	3.7	3.6
Poland	40	25	20	1.0	1.3	0.9
Portugal	40	20	15	1.0	1.1	0.7
Romania	35	20	15	0.9	1.1	0.7
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,120	530	590	27.3	28.2	26.6
Other places of birth in Europe	345	170	175	8.4	9.0	7.9
Africa	255	115	135	6.2	6.1	6.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	175	70	105	4.3	3.7	4.7
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	1.3	1.9	1.1
Asia	930	390	540	22.7	20.7	24.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	1.2	1.1	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	35	15	20	0.9	0.8	0.9
Korea, South⁹²	90	50	40	2.2	2.7	1.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	335	125	210	8.2	6.6	9.5
Viet Nam	105	40	65	2.6	2.1	2.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	160	75	80	3.9	4.0	3.6
Pakistan	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	40	90	3.2	2.1	4.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	145	60	85	3.5	3.2	3.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	225	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	45	20	15.5	20.0	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	25	10	7.1	11.1	5.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	3.6	0.0	7.5
Europe	70	45	25	16.7	20.0	12.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	4.8	6.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15	9.5	11.1	7.5
Africa	65	35	35	15.5	15.6	17.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	30	9.5	6.7	15.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	4.8	4.4	0.0
Asia	210	95	110	50.0	42.2	55.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	20	9.5	8.9	10.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	50	25	25	11.9	11.1	12.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	30	13.1	11.1	15.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	4.8	4.4	7.5
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	39,935	19,770	20,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,800	2,240	2,565	12.0	11.3	12.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,540	3,215	3,330	16.4	16.3	16.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	28,590	14,325	14,270	71.6	72.5	70.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,135	975	1,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,165	585	580	54.6	60.0	49.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	530	355	170	24.8	36.4	14.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	635	225	405	29.7	23.1	34.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	815	310	510	38.2	31.8	43.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	155	85	70	7.3	8.7	6.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,135	975	1,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	0.9	1.0	0.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	545	275	270	25.5	28.2	23.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	75	20	50	3.5	2.1	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	35	30	3.0	3.6	2.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40	0	35	1.9	0.0	3.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,395	625	775	65.3	64.1	66.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	39,935	19,770	20,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,175	1,030	1,145	5.4	5.2	5.7
South Asian	540	270	270	1.4	1.4	1.3
Chinese	245	130	120	0.6	0.7	0.6
Black	220	125	90	0.6	0.6	0.4
Filipino	425	170	255	1.1	0.9	1.3
Arab	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin American	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	265	100	165	0.7	0.5	0.8
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	130	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	115	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	37,760	18,740	19,020	94.6	94.8	94.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	39,935	19,775	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,110	2,540	2,565	12.8	12.8	12.7
English	13,275	6,310	6,965	33.2	31.9	34.5
Irish	7,870	3,755	4,115	19.7	19.0	20.4
Scottish	9,925	4,860	5,070	24.9	24.6	25.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,550	1,690	1,860	8.9	8.5	9.2
German	5,080	2,525	2,555	12.7	12.8	12.7
Chinese	310	160	150	0.8	0.8	0.7
Italian	1,060	570	490	2.7	2.9	2.4
Indian (India)	320	140	180	0.8	0.7	0.9
Ukrainian	2,180	1,015	1,165	5.5	5.1	5.8
Dutch	1,670	830	840	4.2	4.2	4.2
Polish	1,030	465	565	2.6	2.4	2.8
Québécois	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,940	960	980	4.9	4.9	4.9
Filipino	395	160	235	1.0	0.8	1.2
French Canadian	440	210	230	1.1	1.1	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	875	485	395	2.2	2.5	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,160	1,140	1,020	5.4	5.8	5.1
Métis	1,130	580	550	2.8	2.9	2.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,375	725	645	3.4	3.7	3.2
Russian	800	405	390	2.0	2.0	1.9
Norwegian	2,175	1,075	1,095	5.4	5.4	5.4
Welsh	1,295	610	685	3.2	3.1	3.4
Portuguese	200	105	90	0.5	0.5	0.4
American	785	415	370	2.0	2.1	1.8
Spanish	250	110	145	0.6	0.6	0.7
Swedish	1,570	680	890	3.9	3.4	4.4
Hungarian	400	155	250	1.0	0.8	1.2
Acadian	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	100	25	75	0.3	0.1	0.4
Punjabi	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	195	80	115	0.5	0.4	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	295	150	145	0.7	0.8	0.7
Korean	135	75	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Romanian	170	100	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Lebanese	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	780	395	380	2.0	2.0	1.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	540	240	300	1.4	1.2	1.5
Sikh	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Austrian	410	200	210	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belgian	265	95	170	0.7	0.5	0.8
Haitian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	125	85	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Swiss	365	185	180	0.9	0.9	0.9
Finnish	575	265	310	1.4	1.3	1.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	115	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	135	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	390	245	145	1.0	1.2	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	435	200	235	1.1	1.0	1.2
Colombian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	140	40	100	0.4	0.2	0.5
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	60	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
South African	120	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	125	70	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	95	55	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern Irish	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	215	130	90	0.5	0.7	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azorean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	39,935	19,770	20,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	165	70	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Christian	13,005	5,830	7,175	32.6	29.5	35.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,285	1,555	1,735	8.2	7.9	8.6
Anabaptist	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Anglican	1,740	790	950	4.4	4.0	4.7
Baptist	590	270	315	1.5	1.4	1.6
Catholic	3,315	1,585	1,730	8.3	8.0	8.6
Christian Orthodox	80	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	305	120	185	0.8	0.6	0.9
Latter Day Saints	145	65	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Lutheran	490	205	285	1.2	1.0	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	430	185	245	1.1	0.9	1.2
Presbyterian	325	145	180	0.8	0.7	0.9
Reformed	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	1,360	430	925	3.4	2.2	4.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	770	360	405	1.9	1.8	2.0
Hindu	175	75	100	0.4	0.4	0.5
Jewish	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sikh	200	95	105	0.5	0.5	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	465	185	280	1.2	0.9	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	25,725	13,430	12,300	64.4	67.9	61.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	39,580	19,600	19,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	34,275	16,945	17,335	86.6	86.5	86.8
Movers	5,310	2,655	2,655	13.4	13.5	13.3
Non-migrants	3,105	1,565	1,545	7.8	8.0	7.7
Migrants	2,205	1,095	1,110	5.6	5.6	5.6
Internal migrants	2,085	1,035	1,055	5.3	5.3	5.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,485	755	735	3.8	3.9	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	595	280	315	1.5	1.4	1.6
External migrants	120	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	38,255	18,910	19,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,635	10,660	10,975	56.6	56.4	56.7
Movers	16,615	8,250	8,365	43.4	43.6	43.3
Non-migrants	7,120	3,540	3,575	18.6	18.7	18.5
Migrants	9,500	4,710	4,790	24.8	24.9	24.8
Internal migrants	8,860	4,365	4,495	23.2	23.1	23.2
Intraprovincial migrants	6,610	3,255	3,350	17.3	17.2	17.3
Interprovincial migrants	2,245	1,100	1,140	5.9	5.8	5.9
External migrants	640	350	295	1.7	1.9	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,025	16,700	17,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,440	3,580	2,855	18.9	21.4	16.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	27,585	13,120	14,470	81.1	78.6	83.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,340	9,900	10,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,585	1,475	1,115	12.7	14.9	10.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,755	8,430	9,325	87.3	85.2	89.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,025	16,705	17,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,340	2,925	2,415	15.7	17.5	13.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,505	5,400	6,105	33.8	32.3	35.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,180	8,380	8,800	50.5	50.2	50.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,160	6,165	5,990	35.7	36.9	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,040	3,165	875	11.9	18.9	5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,605	1,015	595	4.7	6.1	3.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,430	2,150	280	7.1	12.9	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,205	2,705	4,500	21.2	16.2	26.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	910	295	615	2.7	1.8	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,020	2,210	2,810	14.8	13.2	16.2
Bachelor's degree	3,285	1,420	1,865	9.7	8.5	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	425	200	225	1.2	1.2	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	115	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	1,020	435	585	3.0	2.6	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,345	9,900	10,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	1,170	865	10.0	11.8	8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,515	3,205	3,305	32.0	32.4	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,795	5,530	6,265	58.0	55.9	60.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,150	4,030	4,115	40.1	40.7	39.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,585	2,005	575	12.7	20.3	5.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,055	650	405	5.2	6.6	3.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,530	1,350	175	7.5	13.6	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,000	1,835	3,165	24.6	18.5	30.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	560	195	370	2.8	2.0	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,650	1,495	2,150	17.9	15.1	20.6
Bachelor's degree	2,415	990	1,425	11.9	10.0	13.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	255	100	155	1.3	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	75	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	755	300	455	3.7	3.0	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	34,025	16,705	17,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	16,840	8,320	8,520	49.5	49.8	49.2
Education	1,205	305	900	3.5	1.8	5.2
13. Education	1,205	305	900	3.5	1.8	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	150	220	1.1	0.9	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	320	120	195	0.9	0.7	1.1
Humanities	575	270	310	1.7	1.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	140	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	80	35	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,440	395	1,040	4.2	2.4	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	35	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	50	395	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	225	50	175	0.7	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	175	35	135	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	430	210	220	1.3	1.3	1.3
Business, management and public administration	2,985	980	2,010	8.8	5.9	11.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	350	85	265	1.0	0.5	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,635	890	1,745	7.7	5.3	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	530	250	280	1.6	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	100	135	0.7	0.6	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	155	115	40	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	330	185	140	1.0	1.1	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	160	120	0.8	1.0	0.7
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,275	4,000	270	12.6	23.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	330	295	40	1.0	1.8	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	785	695	90	2.3	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,230	1,185	45	3.6	7.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,370	1,335	35	4.0	8.0	0.2
48. Precision production	515	470	40	1.5	2.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	605	285	2.6	3.6	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	260	110	155	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	630	495	135	1.9	3.0	0.8
Health and related fields	3,205	465	2,740	9.4	2.8	15.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	40	95	0.4	0.2	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,005	385	2,625	8.8	2.3	15.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,380	770	610	4.1	4.6	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	765	230	540	2.2	1.4	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	120	20	0.4	0.7	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	460	415	45	1.4	2.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,340	9,900	10,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,550	4,370	4,175	42.0	44.1	40.0
Education	655	130	525	3.2	1.3	5.0
13. Education	655	130	525	3.2	1.3	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	95	150	1.2	1.0	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	215	80	135	1.1	0.8	1.3
Humanities	340	160	180	1.7	1.6	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	15	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,100	275	825	5.4	2.8	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	365	35	330	1.8	0.4	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	185	20	165	0.9	0.2	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	120	25	95	0.6	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	320	155	165	1.6	1.6	1.6
Business, management and public administration	2,075	695	1,380	10.2	7.0	13.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	260	65	200	1.3	0.7	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,810	630	1,180	8.9	6.4	11.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	145	215	1.8	1.5	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	75	115	1.0	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	140	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	135	85	1.1	1.4	0.8
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,750	2,530	220	13.5	25.6	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	235	205	35	1.2	2.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	470	415	55	2.3	4.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	800	765	35	3.9	7.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	865	830	35	4.3	8.4	0.3
48. Precision production	335	295	35	1.6	3.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	650	425	225	3.2	4.3	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	80	110	0.9	0.8	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	455	340	115	2.2	3.4	1.1
Health and related fields	2,380	370	2,005	11.7	3.7	19.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	40	75	0.6	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,215	310	1,910	10.9	3.1	18.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	995	555	435	4.9	5.6	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	545	165	380	2.7	1.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	90	20	0.5	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	335	300	30	1.6	3.0	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	20,340	9,900	10,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,550	4,370	4,175	42.0	44.1	40.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,790	5,530	6,265	58.0	55.9	60.0
Location of study inside Canada	10,715	4,985	5,730	52.7	50.4	54.9
Same as province or territory of residence	8,200	3,675	4,520	40.3	37.1	43.3
Different than province or territory of residence	2,520	1,310	1,210	12.4	13.2	11.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,080	545	530	5.3	5.5	5.1
Americas	255	135	125	1.3	1.4	1.2
United States of America	210	115	95	1.0	1.2	0.9
Mexico	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	340	185	155	1.7	1.9	1.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	150	90	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Asia	355	155	195	1.7	1.6	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Philippines	165	65	100	0.8	0.7	1.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Oceania	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australia	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	34,025	16,705	17,320	...	...	...
In the labour force	19,215	9,825	9,395	...	...	...
Employed	17,500	8,850	8,655	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,715	980	740	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,805	6,875	7,925	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.5	58.8	54.2	56.5	58.8	54.2
Employment rate	51.4	53.0	50.0	51.4	53.0	50.0
Unemployment rate	8.9	10.0	7.9	8.9	10.0	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	34,025	16,705	17,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,550	6,735	7,815	42.8	40.3	45.1
Worked	19,475	9,965	9,510	57.2	59.7	54.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,360	5,205	4,155	27.5	31.2	24.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	10,110	4,760	5,355	29.7	28.5	30.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.4	40.4	40.4	40.4	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	19,220	9,825	9,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	405	220	180	2.1	2.2	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	18,815	9,605	9,215	97.9	97.8	98.1
Employee	15,980	7,930	8,045	83.1	80.7	85.7
Permanent position	13,615	6,880	6,735	70.8	70.0	71.7
Temporary position	2,365	1,050	1,310	12.3	10.7	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	620	275	345	3.2	2.8	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,745	780	965	9.1	7.9	10.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,835	1,670	1,165	14.8	17.0	12.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	19,220	9,825	9,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	405	220	180	2.1	2.2	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	18,815	9,605	9,215	97.9	97.8	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	125	70	55	0.7	0.7	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,665	655	2,010	13.9	6.7	21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,210	950	255	6.3	9.7	2.7
3 Health occupations	1,810	315	1,490	9.4	3.2	15.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,075	505	1,570	10.8	5.1	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	350	100	250	1.8	1.0	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	5,145	2,125	3,015	26.8	21.6	32.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,810	3,515	290	19.8	35.8	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,165	975	180	6.1	9.9	1.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	475	385	85	2.5	3.9	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	19,220	9,825	9,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	405	220	180	2.1	2.2	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	18,815	9,605	9,215	97.9	97.8	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,555	1,185	365	8.1	12.1	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	615	560	55	3.2	5.7	0.6
22 Utilities	130	120	10	0.7	1.2	0.1
23 Construction	1,720	1,480	245	8.9	15.1	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	635	435	200	3.3	4.4	2.1
41 Wholesale trade	280	225	60	1.5	2.3	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	2,550	1,170	1,380	13.3	11.9	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	775	595	180	4.0	6.1	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	160	100	60	0.8	1.0	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	380	165	220	2.0	1.7	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	315	130	190	1.6	1.3	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,010	465	540	5.3	4.7	5.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	795	480	320	4.1	4.9	3.4
61 Educational services	1,060	240	820	5.5	2.4	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	3,195	555	2,640	16.6	5.6	28.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	395	160	235	2.1	1.6	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,425	615	810	7.4	6.3	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	900	460	440	4.7	4.7	4.7
91 Public administration	885	450	435	4.6	4.6	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	21,030	10,760	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,635	10,595	10,040	98.1	98.5	97.7
French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	160	60	95	0.8	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	170	65	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	21,030	10,760	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,990	10,735	10,260	99.8	99.8	99.9
Official languages	20,925	10,690	10,235	99.5	99.3	99.6
English	20,875	10,680	10,190	99.3	99.3	99.2
French	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Non-official languages	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	21,030	10,760	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,715	10,625	10,085	98.5	98.7	98.2
English	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	110	60	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Non-official language	130	45	90	0.6	0.4	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	35	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous	95	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	17,500	8,850	8,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,050	865	1,185	11.7	9.8	13.7
Worked outside Canada	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	3,380	2,570	815	19.3	29.0	9.4
Usual place of work	12,045	5,390	6,655	68.8	60.9	76.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,045	5,390	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,590	3,510	5,080	71.3	65.1	76.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,755	965	790	14.6	17.9	11.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,515	765	755	12.6	14.2	11.3
Commute to a different province or territory	190	155	30	1.6	2.9	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	15,430	7,960	7,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,730	7,000	6,730	89.0	87.9	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	12,635	6,455	6,185	81.9	81.1	82.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,085	550	540	7.0	6.9	7.2
Public transit	400	230	175	2.6	2.9	2.3
Walked	620	250	365	4.0	3.1	4.9
Bicycle	160	115	45	1.0	1.4	0.6
Other method	525	370	160	3.4	4.6	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	15,430	7,960	7,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,785	3,305	4,475	50.5	41.5	59.9
15 to 29 minutes	4,495	2,365	2,125	29.1	29.7	28.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,280	770	505	8.3	9.7	6.8
45 to 59 minutes	580	380	200	3.8	4.8	2.7
60 minutes and over	1,290	1,135	155	8.4	14.3	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	15,430	7,960	7,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,015	760	255	6.6	9.5	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,380	1,370	1,010	15.4	17.2	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,060	2,285	1,775	26.3	28.7	23.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,805	1,510	2,295	24.7	19.0	30.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,040	770	1,275	13.2	9.7	17.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,130	1,265	865	13.8	15.9	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,290	3,810	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	680	355	325	9.3	9.3	9.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,605	3,455	3,150	90.6	90.7	90.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,470	2,845	2,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	275	270	10.1	9.7	10.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	345	165	185	6.3	5.8	7.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	120	85	3.7	4.2	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,925	2,570	2,355	90.0	90.3	89.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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