Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48062520More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061946More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060639More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,647	...	...	1,481	...	...	592	...	...	1,590,639	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,498,778	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,700	...	...	468	...	...	475	...	...	638,160	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,501	...	...	467	...	...	414	...	...	604,628	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,545.9	...	...	3,159.8	...	...	8,888.9	...	...	126.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.78	...	...	0.47	...	...	0.07	...	...	12,614.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,645	3,315	3,330	1,480	730	750	590	270	320	1,590,640	790,320	800,320
0 to 14 years	1,520	790	730	270	135	135	40	25	15	294,075	151,285	142,785
0 to 4 years	680	345	335	60	25	40	25	15	10	89,790	46,155	43,630
5 to 9 years	520	275	240	105	55	55	5	0	5	100,905	51,680	49,225
10 to 14 years	325	170	150	110	60	45	5	5	5	103,380	53,450	49,930
15 to 64 years	4,845	2,395	2,450	985	475	510	325	170	155	1,074,770	535,540	539,230
15 to 19 years	285	140	140	115	60	55	5	5	0	92,025	47,355	44,675
20 to 24 years	460	210	245	85	40	40	30	15	15	91,515	47,260	44,260
25 to 29 years	730	340	395	60	25	35	60	25	30	101,235	50,320	50,915
30 to 34 years	1,045	515	525	55	30	30	50	20	30	123,235	60,255	62,980
35 to 39 years	805	405	395	75	35	35	65	35	25	132,045	64,950	67,095
40 to 44 years	540	285	255	85	40	45	30	20	10	121,735	60,110	61,625
45 to 49 years	345	190	155	105	45	60	15	10	5	111,345	55,485	55,860
50 to 54 years	225	125	100	110	50	60	30	20	10	103,325	51,835	51,490
55 to 59 years	220	95	130	135	65	70	20	10	10	101,580	50,260	51,320
60 to 64 years	185	80	105	165	75	90	35	15	20	96,735	47,710	49,020
65 years and over	280	130	145	225	120	100	225	75	150	221,795	103,495	118,300
65 to 69 years	130	60	65	110	60	50	60	20	40	78,095	38,250	39,845
70 to 74 years	75	30	40	65	40	25	65	20	45	58,785	28,310	30,475
75 to 79 years	45	25	20	25	10	10	40	10	30	36,570	17,235	19,340
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	15	5	10	30	5	20	23,750	10,405	13,350
85 years and over	10	5	5	10	5	10	35	15	25	24,595	9,300	15,290
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	25	10	15	15,285	6,230	9,050
90 to 94 years	0	5	0	5	0	5	5	0	5	7,425	2,580	4,850
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,655	445	1,210
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	45	180
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.9	23.8	21.9	18.2	18.5	18.0	6.8	9.3	4.7	18.5	19.1	17.8
15 to 64 years	72.9	72.2	73.6	66.6	65.1	68.0	55.1	63.0	48.4	67.6	67.8	67.4
65 years and over	4.2	3.9	4.4	15.2	16.4	13.3	38.1	27.8	46.9	13.9	13.1	14.8
85 years and over	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.7	1.3	5.9	5.6	7.8	1.5	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	30.8	30.5	31.1	41.0	41.0	41.1	50.8	46.2	54.7	38.9	38.3	39.6
Median age of the population	31.6	31.6	31.4	44.4	44.0	45.2	51.2	40.8	63.6	38.4	38.0	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,500	...	...	465	...	...	410	...	...	604,630	...	...
Single-detached house	485	...	...	460	...	...	0	...	...	351,925	...	...
Semi-detached house	165	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	39,065	...	...
Row house	295	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	57,180	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...	21,855	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,530	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...	89,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	410	...	...	40,750	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	380	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	4,250	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,500	...	...	470	...	...	415	...	...	604,630	...	...
1 person	595	...	...	35	...	...	285	...	...	151,770	...	...
2 persons	780	...	...	160	...	...	95	...	...	196,980	...	...
3 persons	465	...	...	90	...	...	20	...	...	96,165	...	...
4 persons	375	...	...	110	...	...	15	...	...	97,780	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...	75	...	...	0	...	...	61,930	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,645	3,320	3,325	1,485	730	750	590	270	320	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
Average household size	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...	1.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,120	2,525	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	305	1,296,570	639,035	657,530
Married or living common-law	3,155	1,580	1,570	850	425	425	210	110	100	773,480	387,015	386,465
Married	2,695	1,355	1,340	780	390	395	155	85	75	657,160	328,650	328,510
Living common-law	455	225	230	65	35	35	60	30	30	116,320	58,365	57,960
Living common law - Never married	380	185	200	35	15	15	55	25	25	87,265	43,935	43,330
Living common law - Separated	20	10	5	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,035	2,145	1,890
Living common law - Divorced	55	30	25	25	15	10	5	5	5	23,185	11,490	11,690
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	790	1,045
Not married and not living common-law	1,970	945	1,025	360	170	190	340	135	205	523,090	252,020	271,065
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,475	770	705	290	150	135	185	95	90	364,145	197,890	166,255
Not married and not living common law - Separated	150	60	85	10	5	5	30	5	20	29,375	12,665	16,710
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	255	105	155	30	10	20	85	30	55	79,920	30,945	48,970
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	15	80	25	0	30	45	5	45	49,640	10,520	39,125
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,830	...	...	450	...	...	120	...	...	438,900	...	...
2 persons	785	...	...	185	...	...	90	...	...	204,395	...	...
3 persons	505	...	...	90	...	...	15	...	...	94,815	...	...
4 persons	385	...	...	110	...	...	5	...	...	97,660	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...	42,025	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	2.0	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,830	...	...	450	...	...	115	...	...	438,900	...	...
Total couple families	1,505	...	...	420	...	...	95	...	...	377,050	...	...
Married couples	1,280	...	...	390	...	...	70	...	...	318,890	...	...
With children⁶	870	...	...	235	...	...	15	...	...	190,345	...	...
Without children	410	...	...	155	...	...	55	...	...	128,545	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...	58,160	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...	19,165	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...	38,995	...	...
Total one-parent families	330	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...	61,850	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	265	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...	47,785	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...	14,065	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,645	3,315	3,325	1,480	730	750	590	270	320	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
Total - Persons in census families	5,455	2,675	2,775	1,420	710	705	270	135	130	1,308,650	651,540	657,110
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,010	1,505	1,500	850	425	420	195	100	100	754,090	377,085	377,010
Parents in one-parent families	325	60	265	25	10	20	20	5	20	61,855	14,065	47,790
Children⁶	2,120	1,110	1,005	545	280	265	55	35	20	492,710	260,395	232,315
In a two-parent family	1,645	870	775	510	260	245	30	20	10	396,580	208,580	188,000
In a one-parent family	475	240	235	40	15	20	25	15	10	96,130	51,815	44,315
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,195	640	550	60	20	40	320	130	185	263,280	130,670	132,615
Living alone	590	330	265	30	5	25	285	115	170	151,765	71,605	80,165
Living with other relatives⁷	280	120	160	20	0	15	0	0	0	40,060	17,085	22,975
Living with non-relatives only	315	190	125	10	10	0	30	20	15	71,460	41,975	29,480
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,500	...	...	465	...	...	415	...	...	604,630	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,480	...	...	395	...	...	105	...	...	375,185	...	...
Couple-family households	1,230	...	...	380	...	...	90	...	...	328,515	...	...
With children⁶	760	...	...	230	...	...	20	...	...	182,665	...	...
Without children	475	...	...	150	...	...	75	...	...	145,845	...	...
One-parent-family households	245	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...	46,670	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...	20,165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...	4,730	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...	22,485	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	165	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...	30,295	...	...
One-person households	590	...	...	30	...	...	285	...	...	151,765	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,120	2,525	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	310	1,278,370	631,180	647,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,870	2,410	2,460	1,160	570	590	540	235	300	1,214,945	600,280	614,665
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,200	38,000	51,200	71,000	36,000	26,200	34,800	24,800	44,800	52,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,870	2,410	2,460	1,160	570	590	540	235	300	1,215,665	600,680	614,980
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,000	35,200	45,200	60,800	33,600	25,600	32,400	24,600	40,400	46,000	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,420	2,275	2,145	1,085	550	535	375	185	185	1,105,625	556,335	549,290
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	29,800	48,800	69,000	31,800	23,800	32,000	12,800	40,800	50,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,175	2,155	2,015	865	450	415	285	150	135	922,195	474,800	447,395
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,000	30,600	49,200	72,000	33,600	28,800	38,400	19,400	42,400	50,800	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,450	2,165	2,290	955	470	485	510	220	285	1,061,305	515,795	545,510
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	4,000	9,300	6,000	4,360	7,600	17,200	13,000	19,000	7,600	5,600	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	890	390	500	100	35	60	60	30	30	136,975	64,415	72,555
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,640	6,200	6,200	6,000	6,280	6,280	6,280	5,480	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,100	1,005	1,095	295	130	165	140	65	75	384,535	184,820	199,710
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,000	9,500	9,000	8,500	9,000	12,000	10,300	12,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,075	2,535	2,535	1,235	585	655	580	270	310	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,850	2,415	2,440	1,195	560	635	565	265	295	1,214,380	599,940	614,440
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,720	51,350	42,120	79,800	112,000	51,400	35,800	43,600	28,800	65,500	78,400	52,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,850	2,415	2,440	1,195	560	635	565	265	295	1,215,100	600,300	614,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,680	44,000	37,440	61,900	83,600	42,600	32,200	38,400	26,800	53,050	61,750	44,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,410	2,305	2,105	1,145	560	585	410	220	195	1,105,945	556,435	549,510
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,720	46,600	36,440	76,200	105,600	47,800	31,700	40,800	21,600	62,300	76,300	48,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,160	2,165	1,985	935	470	460	315	180	135	922,200	475,075	447,125
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,320	45,640	36,600	79,800	109,200	49,600	38,400	47,600	26,400	60,800	73,200	47,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,425	2,170	2,255	965	460	505	535	255	285	1,060,140	515,090	545,050
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,630	7,590	11,600	8,820	7,960	9,600	13,200	10,500	15,600	10,020	8,930	11,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	905	405	500	95	45	55	40	0	30	136,685	64,550	72,135
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,120	6,220	7,840	8,400	7,600	9,200	6,800	...	6,800	7,070	6,620	7,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,145	1,030	1,115	325	140	190	140	55	95	383,100	184,610	198,485
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,290	8,980	9,560	9,840	9,800	9,800	10,600	11,200	10,200	9,270	9,160	9,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,075	2,535	2,535	1,235	585	655	580	275	310	1,278,370	631,155	647,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,880	1,005	875	480	270	215	120	85	30	432,255	245,295	186,965
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	58,000	50,000	95,000	119,000	68,000	54,000	62,800	x	73,000	80,000	65,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	60,300	53,200	117,200	150,000	75,500	66,000	70,000	56,000	94,000	107,000	76,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,815	940	875	330	160	170	165	75	90	374,345	173,060	201,290
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	28,600	20,200	13,500	13,600	11,500	18,600	30,000	15,100	20,400	23,400	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,320	33,700	24,560	43,200	64,000	23,600	26,600	35,000	20,400	33,960	40,480	28,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.2	86.6	74.6	91.2	94.0	85.0	65.0	77.0	49.0	86.6	90.2	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.8	80.0	70.8	78.0	82.0	70.0	60.0	74.0	42.0	70.6	74.0	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.8	13.3	25.4	8.9	5.8	14.8	35.2	23.2	51.0	13.4	9.8	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.0	3.8	0.9	0.5	1.5	1.2	x	2.0	1.2	0.9	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	8.0	11.6	3.7	2.4	6.2	8.8	5.8	12.8	5.0	3.9	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.8	7.5	10.4	3.4	2.2	5.6	7.4	4.8	10.8	4.5	3.6	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,120	2,530	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	305	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without total income	250	115	135	45	25	20	15	5	5	63,430	30,900	32,525
With total income	4,870	2,410	2,455	1,165	570	595	535	240	300	1,214,950	600,280	614,670
Under $10,000 (including loss)	355	130	220	150	55	95	35	20	20	107,500	44,415	63,085
$10,000 to $19,999	425	170	260	125	40	85	65	25	40	115,465	47,780	67,690
$20,000 to $29,999	695	305	395	125	40	80	205	65	140	178,230	78,800	99,430
$30,000 to $39,999	795	350	445	95	35	55	65	30	35	142,910	61,170	81,740
$40,000 to $49,999	680	330	350	80	30	45	50	25	25	122,655	55,960	66,690
$50,000 to $59,999	545	275	270	75	35	35	40	20	15	101,530	48,280	53,245
$60,000 to $69,999	460	260	205	60	30	30	20	15	5	85,080	42,725	42,355
$70,000 to $79,999	315	200	110	70	30	40	15	10	10	68,705	36,885	31,825
$80,000 to $89,999	215	135	80	45	25	20	10	10	0	53,900	30,515	23,385
$90,000 to $99,999	145	100	50	45	25	20	10	10	0	45,345	25,570	19,775
$100,000 and over	235	170	65	295	205	85	25	15	10	193,625	128,165	65,460
$100,000 to $149,999	210	145	65	155	95	60	20	15	5	113,250	69,295	43,955
$150,000 and over	20	25	0	140	115	30	10	0	5	80,375	58,870	21,505
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,120	2,530	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	305	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without after-tax income	250	115	135	45	25	20	15	5	5	62,710	30,505	32,210
With after-tax income	4,870	2,410	2,455	1,165	570	595	535	240	300	1,215,660	600,680	614,985
Under $10,000 (including loss)	355	130	220	160	60	100	35	15	20	112,205	46,185	66,020
$10,000 to $19,999	445	175	270	130	40	85	70	25	45	120,545	50,115	70,430
$20,000 to $29,999	840	375	465	135	50	90	215	70	150	201,940	89,680	112,255
$30,000 to $39,999	955	440	515	115	45	65	75	45	35	166,565	73,405	93,160
$40,000 to $49,999	775	385	390	90	45	45	55	30	30	143,135	67,430	75,705
$50,000 to $59,999	625	350	275	90	40	45	35	20	10	114,565	57,190	57,380
$60,000 to $69,999	380	225	155	75	35	45	20	10	5	87,375	47,045	40,330
$70,000 to $79,999	230	145	80	65	35	25	15	10	0	65,115	36,810	28,305
$80,000 to $89,999	130	85	50	50	35	20	10	5	0	51,690	28,935	22,760
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25	50	30	20	0	0	0	35,160	21,215	13,945
$100,000 and over	75	55	15	205	155	50	10	5	10	117,360	82,665	34,700
$100,000 to $124,999	65	45	20	80	50	25	10	0	5	48,950	32,240	16,710
$125,000 and over	15	10	0	130	100	25	10	0	5	68,410	50,430	17,985
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,120	2,530	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	305	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without employment income	950	370	580	345	145	200	265	90	170	356,175	156,380	199,795
With employment income	4,175	2,160	2,020	870	450	415	285	150	130	922,200	474,800	447,395
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	150	205	130	60	70	45	15	30	116,020	54,130	61,895
$5,000 to $9,999	350	125	220	70	30	45	25	10	15	73,350	31,190	42,165
$10,000 to $19,999	510	225	285	80	35	45	45	25	25	101,970	44,705	57,260
$20,000 to $29,999	505	225	275	65	25	35	30	20	15	78,390	35,640	42,745
$30,000 to $39,999	480	245	230	50	15	30	25	10	15	73,695	34,455	39,235
$40,000 to $49,999	455	225	230	45	20	30	20	15	10	71,335	34,515	36,815
$50,000 to $59,999	440	240	205	45	20	25	30	15	15	67,050	32,805	34,245
$60,000 to $69,999	335	200	135	35	15	15	20	15	0	60,120	30,900	29,220
$70,000 to $79,999	250	160	85	40	20	15	10	10	5	49,420	27,665	21,750
$80,000 to $89,999	190	135	55	40	20	20	5	0	0	40,555	23,400	17,160
$90,000 to $99,999	120	80	40	25	15	10	10	10	0	37,010	20,630	16,375
$100,000 and over	185	140	50	245	180	70	15	10	5	153,280	104,755	48,525
$100,000 to $124,999	125	90	35	80	50	30	10	5	0	61,175	36,970	24,210
$125,000 and over	65	50	20	170	130	40	10	5	0	92,100	67,780	24,320
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,120	2,525	2,595	1,210	595	615	555	245	310	1,278,370	631,180	647,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,740	2,345	2,395	1,115	550	565	530	230	295	1,186,950	585,375	601,575
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,400	34,000	53,600	77,500	35,200	24,000	28,000	23,400	44,400	53,200	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,740	2,340	2,395	1,115	550	565	530	230	295	1,187,385	585,475	601,910
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,400	48,000	64,500	32,400	23,800	27,800	23,400	40,000	46,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,290	2,200	2,095	1,050	530	520	375	185	190	1,090,850	548,795	542,060
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,400	32,400	52,400	76,000	36,400	24,200	37,200	16,200	43,600	52,800	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,075	2,100	1,980	855	440	410	275	150	125	923,490	475,205	448,285
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,000	33,200	54,800	81,000	40,000	32,800	42,000	24,000	44,800	53,600	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,230	2,040	2,190	860	435	420	495	215	280	1,003,255	489,055	514,200
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,040	900	2,100	1,040	900	2,180	9,900	1,900	16,000	1,190	960	3,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	505	210	295	70	20	45	25	10	20	85,480	38,765	46,720
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,550	6,160	8,500	5,040	3,960	5,280	5,840	x	x	6,450	5,680	7,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,075	2,535	2,535	1,235	585	655	580	270	310	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,665	2,320	2,345	1,145	540	605	540	245	295	1,186,410	585,100	601,310
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	45,720	37,240	80,800	113,200	51,800	33,400	40,800	27,200	65,500	80,000	51,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,665	2,320	2,345	1,145	540	605	540	245	295	1,186,820	585,185	601,635
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,320	39,360	33,280	63,100	85,200	43,200	30,000	36,000	25,000	52,650	62,600	43,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,235	2,165	2,065	1,080	515	560	380	200	175	1,091,545	549,110	542,435
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	46,400	36,200	81,600	114,400	51,400	34,800	40,800	27,800	65,600	80,800	50,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,000	2,055	1,945	880	440	440	280	155	125	923,490	475,385	448,110
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,920	46,480	37,120	86,600	118,400	54,600	43,200	49,000	35,500	64,100	77,600	49,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,165	2,065	2,105	880	435	445	525	240	285	1,003,375	489,190	514,180
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,340	2,664	5,985	4,870	4,300	5,440	9,600	8,100	10,800	6,130	5,076	7,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	215	280	75	35	40	25	20	0	84,820	38,275	46,545
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,720	7,550	9,600	5,400	5,200	5,600	6,800	8,000	...	8,200	7,120	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,075	2,535	2,535	1,235	585	655	580	275	310	1,278,370	631,155	647,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,830	970	860	465	260	200	120	85	30	428,265	243,165	185,105
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	54,000	48,400	91,000	123,000	63,200	46,400	50,800	x	70,500	78,500	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,200	57,300	48,500	118,000	151,000	75,000	61,000	62,000	56,000	92,000	105,800	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,630	850	785	290	130	155	125	55	75	353,070	163,500	189,570
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,800	34,000	27,000	24,800	22,000	24,800	32,400	38,800	23,600	28,800	33,200	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,120	38,400	29,500	53,600	76,000	34,500	35,000	42,000	30,000	43,720	53,050	35,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	94.8	85.6	95.2	97.0	92.0	72.5	80.0	62.0	92.0	94.6	88.2
Employment income (%)	86.8	90.0	82.8	82.4	85.0	77.0	66.0	76.0	54.0	76.2	78.8	72.2
Government transfers (%)	9.4	5.2	14.4	4.6	3.1	7.8	27.6	19.2	38.5	7.9	5.3	11.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.5	3.1	0.4	0.3	0.8	1.0	1.2	x	0.9	0.6	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,500	...	...	470	...	...	415	...	...	604,630	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	158,000	...	...	33,200	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	134,000	...	...	31,200	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...	30	...	...	285	...	...	151,765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	25,000	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	68,000	...	...	25,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,905	...	...	435	...	...	130	...	...	452,860	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	166,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	205,000	...	...	46,400	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...	159,000	...	...	41,800	...	...	106,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	640	...	...	45	...	...	300	...	...	151,830	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,400	...	...	112,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	67,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	31,200	...	...	55,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,865	...	...	415	...	...	135	...	...	452,795	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...	216,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	152,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...	167,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	123,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,500	...	...	470	...	...	415	...	...	604,630	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	6,730	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	3,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...	4,475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	6,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	0	...	...	115	...	...	16,055	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...	16,860	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...	14,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...	16,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...	17,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...	17,750	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...	36,405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	245	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...	37,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	255	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...	37,230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...	35,705	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	220	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...	34,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	905	...	...	355	...	...	45	...	...	303,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...	55	...	...	20	...	...	74,975	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	50	...	...	10	...	...	58,215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	195	...	...	75	...	...	15	...	...	76,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	80	...	...	175	...	...	5	...	...	93,755	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,500	...	...	470	...	...	415	...	...	604,630	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	7,625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	3,380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...	4,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	6,745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	5	...	...	120	...	...	17,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...	19,015	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...	16,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	5	...	...	35	...	...	19,345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...	21,320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...	21,155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	275	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...	44,695	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...	45,520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	265	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...	44,095	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...	42,705	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...	38,715	...	...
$100,000 and over	640	...	...	315	...	...	35	...	...	251,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	340	...	...	65	...	...	20	...	...	78,970	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...	56,565	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...	195	...	...	5	...	...	116,060	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,800	...	...	435	...	...	115	...	...	431,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	164,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	145	...	...	75	...	...	151,045	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	53,200	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	50,400	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	925	...	...	260	...	...	20	...	...	209,715	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	196,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	160,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	295	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...	56,700	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	115,000	...	...	x	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	x	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	910	515	395	45	20	25	320	135	185	223,225	113,580	109,645
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	54,400	45,200	76,500	x	76,500	25,400	31,600	24,800	44,400	46,000	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	46,800	40,000	65,000	x	65,000	25,200	30,200	24,800	40,000	40,800	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,775	...	...	425	...	...	115	...	...	431,010	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	211,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	153,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,700	...	...	164,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	123,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...	125	...	...	75	...	...	151,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...	138,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	110,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	113,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	895	...	...	260	...	...	25	...	...	209,670	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...	242,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	180,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	186,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	144,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...	56,445	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	170,000	...	...	...	...	...	90,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	130,000	...	...	x	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	930	530	395	50	20	35	355	150	205	223,320	113,715	109,605
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,400	55,000	51,200	108,000	140,000	90,000	35,000	39,000	32,000	60,050	61,950	58,050
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,300	46,600	43,800	84,000	100,000	72,000	31,700	34,500	29,800	49,640	50,640	48,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,645	3,320	3,330	1,480	730	750	590	270	325	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
0 to 17 years	1,690	875	815	345	175	165	45	25	15	349,785	179,925	169,860
0 to 5 years	810	415	395	80	35	50	25	15	15	109,785	56,290	53,495
18 to 64 years	4,675	2,315	2,360	910	435	475	320	165	150	1,013,015	502,890	510,125
65 years and over	280	130	150	225	125	100	225	75	150	209,135	99,390	109,740
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	585	280	305	55	25	30	225	80	150	134,160	64,550	69,610
0 to 17 years	200	105	90	10	10	5	10	10	5	35,370	18,260	17,110
0 to 5 years	100	50	50	0	0	0	5	0	5	11,490	5,880	5,610
18 to 64 years	360	160	195	35	10	20	65	35	40	78,110	37,880	40,225
65 years and over	30	15	15	10	5	0	150	40	110	20,680	8,400	12,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.8	8.4	9.2	3.7	3.6	3.8	38.4	29.0	46.0	8.5	8.3	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	12.4	11.4	3.2	5.0	x	24.0	20.0	25.0	10.1	10.2	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	12.8	12.4	x	x	x	25.0	x	x	10.5	10.5	10.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.8	8.4	3.8	3.2	4.4	21.0	19.0	24.0	7.7	7.5	7.9
65 years and over (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	65.0	54.0	71.0	9.9	8.5	11.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,645	3,315	3,325	1,480	730	750	590	270	320	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
0 to 17 years	1,695	875	815	340	175	170	40	30	15	349,790	179,930	169,855
0 to 5 years	810	415	400	80	30	45	25	15	10	109,785	56,290	53,500
18 to 64 years	4,675	2,310	2,365	915	435	480	320	170	155	1,013,015	502,890	510,130
65 years and over	280	130	145	225	120	105	230	75	155	209,130	99,390	109,740
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	160	160	40	20	15	75	40	40	81,680	42,310	39,370
0 to 17 years	85	45	45	5	5	0	5	0	5	18,085	9,305	8,780
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	0	0	0	5	0	5	5,625	2,890	2,730
18 to 64 years	225	110	115	25	10	10	45	25	25	57,155	29,990	27,170
65 years and over	10	5	5	5	0	5	20	10	10	6,440	3,015	3,420
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8	2.4	2.8	2.0	12.4	14.0	11.0	5.2	5.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	2.0	3.0	x	x	x	x	5.2	5.2	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	x	x	x	x	x	x	5.1	5.1	5.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.9	4.9	2.6	2.4	2.8	15.2	14.0	16.0	5.6	6.0	5.3
65 years and over (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	x	x	x	9.0	14.0	7.0	3.1	3.0	3.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,645	3,320	3,330	1,480	730	750	590	270	320	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
In bottom half of the distribution	3,995	1,960	2,035	305	145	160	485	210	270	673,690	328,825	344,865
In bottom decile	520	260	265	45	25	20	130	50	85	124,250	62,485	61,770
In second decile	680	335	350	60	25	35	180	70	115	132,700	62,320	70,380
In third decile	870	425	445	40	20	25	55	30	25	133,855	64,900	68,960
In fourth decile	965	455	510	75	40	35	60	30	30	138,980	68,120	70,855
In fifth decile	950	480	470	90	35	55	45	25	20	143,905	71,000	72,900
In top half of the distribution	2,655	1,360	1,295	1,175	585	590	110	60	50	898,245	453,385	444,865
In sixth decile	810	405	410	130	65	60	25	20	10	150,845	75,135	75,710
In seventh decile	785	395	390	165	75	85	20	10	10	155,985	78,075	77,910
In eighth decile	510	275	230	170	90	80	20	5	10	164,975	82,995	81,980
In ninth decile	395	200	195	280	150	135	20	15	5	181,315	91,520	89,795
In top decile	150	80	65	435	210	225	25	10	15	245,130	125,660	119,470
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,645	...	...	1,480	...	...	590	...	...	1,571,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.246	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.344	...	...	0.374	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.350	...	...	0.386	...	...	0.612	...	...	0.467	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.222	...	...	0.290	...	...	0.308	...	...	0.326	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	3.7	...	...	3.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,650	3,320	3,330	1,480	735	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English only	6,070	3,055	3,015	1,380	685	690	450	210	240	1,440,365	723,615	716,745
French only	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	425	555
English and French	325	160	160	90	40	55	45	25	20	103,090	47,140	55,945
Neither English nor French	240	90	145	10	0	10	95	30	60	34,235	13,810	20,420
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,650	3,320	3,330	1,480	735	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English	6,265	3,150	3,120	1,450	715	740	475	225	255	1,517,390	757,800	759,590
French	105	60	45	15	10	5	20	15	5	20,675	10,250	10,425
English and French	45	25	20	5	5	0	5	0	0	7,260	3,590	3,675
Neither English nor French	230	90	145	10	0	10	95	30	60	33,340	13,355	19,985
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,650	3,320	3,330	1,480	735	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
Single responses	5,900	2,950	2,950	1,455	720	735	530	240	290	1,505,615	749,475	756,135
Official languages	2,890	1,440	1,445	1,275	640	640	265	130	130	1,090,565	550,685	539,875
English	2,800	1,395	1,405	1,265	630	635	245	120	125	1,070,475	540,715	529,760
French	90	45	40	10	10	5	15	10	5	20,090	9,970	10,115
Non-official languages	3,015	1,505	1,505	180	80	100	270	110	160	415,050	198,790	216,260
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	270	380
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	180	265
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	35
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	80
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,010	1,500	1,505	180	80	100	270	110	160	414,405	198,525	215,885
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	80	80	10	10	5	15	5	5	35,495	18,255	17,240
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	75	65
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chadic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hausa	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cushitic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,600	1,600
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Oromo	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	700	700
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	800	815
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5
Semitic languages	115	60	55	10	10	5	15	5	5	32,085	16,545	15,535
Amharic	40	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,170	2,345
Arabic	75	40	35	10	10	5	15	5	5	21,355	11,215	10,145
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	325	340
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	175	170
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	55
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	240	240
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,545	2,420
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	0	10	14,785	6,645	8,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	465
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0	0	0	10	0	10	13,810	6,185	7,625
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50
Austronesian languages	605	275	330	5	0	0	15	0	15	55,755	24,650	31,110
Bikol	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	105	130
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	415	555
Cebuano	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,115
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	460	610
Ilocano	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,610	1,630	1,980
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	280	420
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	240	265
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	495	225	270	5	0	0	10	0	15	45,300	20,005	25,290
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	195	270
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	300	310
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Morisyen	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45
Dravidian languages	110	55	55	5	5	0	15	5	5	6,750	3,470	3,280
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	180	180
Malayalam	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,410	1,390
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,160	1,060
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0	10	5	5	1,295	685	610
Tulu	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	55
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,845	955	890	115	50	60	75	35	40	203,750	100,055	103,695
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	725	650
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	135	140
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	50	25	30	10	5	5	30,225	13,960	16,270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	225	260
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	100
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	145	160
Slavic languages	40	20	20	50	25	30	10	5	5	29,740	13,735	16,005
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	410	405
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	1,405	645	760
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	75
Polish	10	5	5	20	10	10	5	0	0	7,595	3,540	4,050
Russian	10	5	5	20	10	10	0	0	0	10,165	4,510	5,660
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	4,905	2,385	2,520
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	435	460
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	2,000	960	1,045
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	950	980
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	545	545
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,340	1,500	1,840
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	55
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5	5	5	0	17,580	8,490	9,090
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
High German languages	5	5	0	10	0	5	5	5	0	10,660	5,055	5,600
German	5	5	0	10	0	5	5	5	0	10,230	4,840	5,390
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	180
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,755	2,810
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	595	640
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,870	1,930	1,935
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	20
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	165
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,290	635	650
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	395	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	90	115
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	710	805
Indo-Iranian languages	1,550	795	755	25	10	15	45	25	20	106,625	53,665	52,955
Indo-Aryan languages	1,420	730	690	20	15	10	40	25	20	93,240	46,930	46,305
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	65	30	35	5	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	2,230	2,230
Gujarati	200	105	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,380	3,180
Hindi	115	60	55	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,495	4,290	4,205
Kacchi	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	475	605
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5	995	500	495
Nepali	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,175	1,095
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	750	395	350	5	0	0	5	5	0	49,105	24,690	24,420
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5	305	160	145
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	505	525
Urdu	225	110	110	0	0	0	5	5	0	17,875	8,975	8,905
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	340	305
Iranian languages	125	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,350	6,720	6,630
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	540	565
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashto	15	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,035	990
Persian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,100	5,080	5,020
Dari	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,520	1,525
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,875	2,830
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	685	660
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	245	135	115	30	10	15	20	5	10	45,970	22,265	23,700
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,625	2,335	2,285
Portuguese	15	10	5	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,540	2,160	2,375
Romanian	20	5	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,265	2,315
Spanish	205	110	95	15	10	10	10	5	5	32,170	15,475	16,695
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	800	1,595
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	0	10,745	4,940	5,800
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,430	3,245	3,185
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	360	340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	400	375
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	100
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mwani	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	185
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	385	410
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45
Yoruba	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	970	875
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	375	395
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650
Dinka	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	170	215
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	160	160
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	130
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	120	110
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55	35	10	25	130	50	80	68,720	31,925	36,790
Chinese languages	100	45	55	35	10	25	130	50	80	67,430	31,300	36,130
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	140	155
Mandarin	35	20	20	15	5	10	45	20	30	31,950	14,765	17,190
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	520	710
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	130
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	30	10	0	10	75	25	45	32,755	15,315	17,435
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	865	390	470
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	600	640
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	320	325
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	435	800
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	220	245
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	205	535
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,050	900
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	135	110
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,405	770	635
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Uralic languages	5	5	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,910
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	105	200
Hungarian	5	5	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	3,155	1,490	1,665
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35
Multiple responses	750	370	375	25	10	15	60	30	30	73,050	35,515	37,535
English and French	25	10	15	5	5	0	5	5	0	6,360	3,080	3,285
English and non-official language(s)	640	310	330	20	5	10	45	20	20	58,650	28,715	29,930
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	605	630
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Multiple non-official languages	55	30	20	0	0	0	10	5	5	5,680	2,595	3,085
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,650	3,320	3,330	1,480	735	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English	2,850	1,430	1,420	1,315	650	665	275	140	135	1,104,225	556,180	548,045
French	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	5	5	4,775	2,390	2,390
Non-official language	965	465	500	45	20	25	135	45	85	127,600	60,835	66,760
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30
Non-Indigenous	965	465	500	45	20	25	135	45	85	127,540	60,810	66,730
English and French	55	20	40	10	5	0	15	5	5	14,755	6,925	7,835
English and non-official language(s)	2,590	1,300	1,285	110	50	55	135	60	75	306,635	148,985	157,650
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	255	315
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0	0	0	5	5	5	7,715	3,605	4,105
Multiple non-official languages	110	55	55	5	0	5	30	15	10	12,395	5,820	6,575
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,650	3,320	3,330	1,480	735	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
Single responses	5,890	2,955	2,935	1,465	725	740	550	245	300	1,503,115	748,130	754,985
Official languages	3,710	1,855	1,850	1,385	690	695	325	160	160	1,243,700	622,455	621,250
English	3,670	1,835	1,840	1,385	690	695	325	160	160	1,236,475	618,890	617,585
French	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	5	5	7,230	3,560	3,665
Non-official languages	2,180	1,095	1,085	80	35	45	225	85	140	259,415	125,675	133,740
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,185	1,095	1,085	80	35	45	225	85	140	259,295	125,620	133,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	5	5	5	10	0	5	22,515	11,260	11,260
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chadic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hausa	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,040	1,105
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Oromo	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	505	505
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	470	535
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	35	40	5	5	5	10	0	5	20,280	10,165	10,115
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,840	1,335	1,500
Arabic	50	25	25	5	5	5	5	0	5	12,825	6,490	6,335
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	250	265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	130	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	80
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	125
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,940	1,865
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	10	9,940	4,535	5,405
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	205	260
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	10	9,395	4,280	5,110
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35
Austronesian languages	415	205	210	0	0	0	10	0	5	35,275	16,595	18,675
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	240	265
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	580	605
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	295
Ilocano	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,035	1,185
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	130
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	170	175	0	0	0	10	0	5	29,630	13,885	15,750
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	110
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	160	180
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	60
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Dravidian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0	10	5	5	4,410	2,205	2,205
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Malayalam	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	940	960
Tamil	25	15	15	0	0	0	5	5	0	1,495	760	730
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	785	390	395
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,405	715	690	55	25	30	65	30	30	122,940	60,715	62,220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	330	295
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	25	15	10	0	0	5	14,005	6,710	7,295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	105
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
Slavic languages	10	0	5	25	15	10	0	0	5	13,790	6,605	7,190
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	180	195
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	190	220
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
Polish	5	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	3,015	1,450	1,560
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	6,450	3,065	3,385
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	980	1,035
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	180	185
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	375
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	460	465
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	190	215
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	470	515
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	15
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,440	1,570
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,705	825	880
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	785	845
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	530	590
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	305	330
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	210	245
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	215	265
Indo-Iranian languages	1,240	635	605	20	5	10	50	30	25	79,180	39,590	39,590
Indo-Aryan languages	1,145	585	555	15	10	5	50	30	25	70,335	35,225	35,110
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bengali	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,455	1,520
Gujarati	135	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,175	2,045
Hindi	95	45	45	0	0	0	20	15	5	5,510	2,770	2,740
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	245	340
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	575	285	285
Nepali	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	815	775
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	635	325	310	0	0	0	5	5	5	40,675	20,425	20,245
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	85
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	270	285
Urdu	185	95	95	0	0	0	5	5	0	12,930	6,420	6,510
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	175	185
Iranian languages	100	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,825	4,360	4,475
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	360	395
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	635	615
Persian languages	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,765	3,325	3,435
Dari	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	905	970
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,970	1,965	2,015
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	460	455
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	150	75	80	10	0	10	10	5	10	25,440	12,340	13,100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	450	550
Portuguese	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,180	1,230
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,175	1,085	1,085
Spanish	135	65	70	5	5	5	5	5	5	19,825	9,605	10,215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	495	665
Korean	15	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	0	8,130	3,835	4,295
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	135	170
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	160	170
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	140	155
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	315	345
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	360	360
Dinka	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	190	150
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	145
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	65
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	260	190
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	20	5	10	120	45	75	47,945	22,570	25,375
Chinese languages	65	30	35	20	5	10	120	45	75	47,025	22,110	24,915
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	50
Mandarin	30	15	15	10	5	5	45	15	25	23,970	11,440	12,530
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	185	280
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	5	0	5	70	25	40	21,815	10,130	11,685
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	500	225	275
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	460	455
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	85
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	235
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	230	270
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	600	580
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	480	455
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	575	625
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	540	590
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	760	365	390	15	5	10	40	20	25	75,555	36,865	38,685
English and French	25	5	20	0	0	0	10	0	5	2,955	1,435	1,520
English and non-official language(s)	725	355	370	15	5	5	35	15	15	69,995	34,230	35,770
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	140
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	760	875
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,650	3,315	3,330	1,485	730	750	590	270	320	1,578,665	784,995	793,670
None	4,420	2,195	2,230	1,370	675	695	445	205	240	1,298,665	649,700	648,965
English	915	465	445	30	10	20	50	25	30	104,745	51,660	53,085
French	30	10	20	10	5	5	5	5	5	11,450	5,290	6,160
Non-official language	925	460	465	65	35	30	70	35	30	127,610	60,685	66,920
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	285	350
Non-Indigenous	925	460	465	65	35	30	70	35	30	126,970	60,410	66,565
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	640	705
English and non-official language(s)	185	105	80	5	0	0	15	0	10	16,885	8,395	8,490
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,660	1,690	1,970
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	120	95
Multiple non-official languages	135	70	65	5	0	5	5	0	5	14,095	6,810	7,285
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	285	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Official languages	6,340	3,275	3,060	1,505	720	785	530	260	270	1,537,720	768,345	769,380
English	6,325	3,270	3,055	1,505	720	785	530	260	270	1,536,650	767,865	768,785
French	350	170	180	110	50	60	30	20	10	103,915	47,090	56,830
Non-official languages	4,110	2,125	1,980	320	150	170	390	180	215	562,910	270,945	291,960
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,740	685	1,050
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	440	720
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	190	280
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	245	360
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	245	360
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	80	185
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	115	155
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	95	135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	70	100
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	90
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Indigenous languages	4,110	2,125	1,980	320	150	170	390	180	215	561,340	270,320	291,010
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	145	130	30	10	20	20	15	10	54,595	28,250	26,345
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	185	110
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	85
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	60	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	10
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	225	145
Hausa	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	220	145
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Cushitic languages	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,720	2,480	2,245
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105
Oromo	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	1,125	990
Somali	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,265	1,170
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages	165	80	85	30	10	20	20	15	10	50,645	26,150	24,495
Amharic	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	4,170	4,295
Arabic	130	55	70	30	10	20	20	15	10	35,250	18,505	16,750
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	490	360
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	215	145
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	215	165
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,085	1,025
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,675	3,920	3,755
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	90	40
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0	30	10	20	20,885	9,635	11,250
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	610	655
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0	30	10	20	19,415	8,900	10,515
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	120
Austronesian languages	720	345	380	0	0	0	20	0	20	76,815	33,930	42,890
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	325	305
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	660
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,705	1,700	2,000
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	620	835
Ilocano	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	2,860	3,755
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,290	595	695
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	105	145
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	520	675
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	285	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	720	345	380	0	0	0	20	0	20	72,900	32,140	40,755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	225	235
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	875	1,100
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,035
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	330	300
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	90
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	275	205
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	280
Dravidian languages	230	120	115	15	10	0	85	50	35	10,600	5,455	5,140
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	560	540
Malayalam	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	2,035	1,920
Tamil	90	40	45	0	0	0	55	30	25	4,435	2,275	2,160
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0	35	20	10	2,440	1,295	1,145
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	120	100
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,455	1,320	1,130	245	115	125	110	55	55	286,570	140,880	145,685
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	265	200
Balto-Slavic languages	30	0	20	60	30	30	10	0	0	37,905	17,730	20,175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	245	295
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	205
Slavic languages	30	0	20	60	30	30	10	0	0	37,610	17,610	20,005
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	35	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	460	560
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,125	1,090
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	160	175
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,380	4,430	4,950
Russian	15	0	10	25	20	10	0	0	0	15,410	7,245	8,165
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,725	3,165	3,560
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,790	855	935
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	3,390	1,585	1,805
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,095	1,465	1,630
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	130	205
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,720
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	275	220
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	135	100
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	15	10	10	10	10	0	27,795	13,485	14,310
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55
High German languages	20	15	0	15	10	10	10	10	0	18,325	8,925	9,400
German	20	15	0	15	10	10	10	10	0	17,910	8,715	9,200
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	330
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	45
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,180	4,120	4,060
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,455	1,270	1,190
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,235	2,625	2,610
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	35
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	165	215
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	75
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	635	615
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	40
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	185	285
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	315	395
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,370	1,185	1,180
Indo-Iranian languages	2,155	1,165	985	80	35	50	60	35	25	143,590	72,720	70,870
Indo-Aryan languages	1,995	1,075	920	80	35	50	55	30	25	128,685	65,260	63,425
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35
Bengali	70	35	35	20	10	15	0	0	0	6,180	3,115	3,065
Gujarati	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,255	5,745	5,515
Hindi	900	465	430	20	10	15	35	20	15	45,340	22,980	22,370
Kacchi	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,035	1,300
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	215	250
Marathi	45	15	20	0	0	0	30	10	20	2,295	1,185	1,110
Nepali	80	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,565	1,450
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	50
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,155	635	520	15	10	10	0	0	0	68,525	34,920	33,610
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	385	300
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	700	750
Urdu	400	205	200	25	15	15	0	0	0	31,710	16,195	15,515
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	750	650
Iranian languages	170	105	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,245	8,665	8,570
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30
Kurdish	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	720	705
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,985	1,510	1,475
Persian languages	145	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,700	6,570
Dari	95	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,440
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,590	3,390
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	895	820
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	75
Italic (Romance) languages	255	135	120	90	50	40	30	10	20	80,155	38,210	41,945
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	45	65
Italian	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,805	4,810	4,985
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,925	3,405	3,515
Romanian	10	10	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,990	3,045	2,950
Spanish	225	105	120	75	40	40	20	0	15	60,770	28,640	32,125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	90	50
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,315	2,945
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,375	5,785	6,590
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	300	345
Niger-Congo languages	275	125	155	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,385	9,360	9,025
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	720	680
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	120	70
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95
Igbo	45	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,040	1,595	1,450
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	155
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	190	215
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	150	120
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	75
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	325	345
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55
Swahili	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,435	1,805	1,630
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	145	105
Yoruba	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,365	3,135	3,225
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,555	1,280	1,275
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	965	935
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	455	405
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	200	240
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	315	295
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	785	1,430
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,875	645	1,230
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	215
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	60	90	35	10	20	145	55	85	82,875	39,220	43,660
Chinese languages	140	55	90	35	10	20	145	55	85	81,080	38,330	42,750
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235
Mandarin	70	25	50	0	0	0	75	30	45	46,460	21,635	24,825
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,045	1,340
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	140	195
Yue (Cantonese)	80	35	45	0	0	0	95	45	55	42,910	20,105	22,800
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	420	460
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	895	925
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	150
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	395	370
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	780	1,120
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	350	330
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	505	850
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,545	1,855	1,695
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	285	270
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,470	1,155
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	80
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,400	2,050	2,350
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	95
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	210	230
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,810	1,780	2,030
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	295	235
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	290	325	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	105	40	65	20	15	0	35	10	25	53,700	25,250	28,450
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	105	40	65	20	15	0	30	10	20	51,520	24,220	27,300
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	15	25	0	0	0	20	0	15	22,470	10,235	12,230
Métis	65	25	40	20	15	0	15	0	10	28,475	13,685	14,790
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	290	280
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,130	525	610
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	540
Non-Indigenous identity	6,495	3,335	3,160	1,485	700	780	575	280	295	1,518,235	757,015	761,220
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	290	325	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,145	7,900	9,240
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,585	3,365	3,210	1,505	720	785	605	285	315	1,554,790	774,360	780,425
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
Owner	1,255	...	...	445	...	...	85	...	...	431,680	...	...
Renter	1,245	...	...	25	...	...	350	...	...	172,945	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
Condominium	1,790	...	...	0	...	...	280	...	...	138,505	...	...
Not condominium	715	...	...	460	...	...	155	...	...	466,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...	3,180	...	...
1 bedroom	360	...	...	0	...	...	325	...	...	63,480	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,305	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...	132,670	...	...
3 bedrooms	570	...	...	150	...	...	0	...	...	208,570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	250	...	...	310	...	...	0	...	...	196,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,600	...	...	15	...	...	410	...	...	168,320	...	...
5 rooms	445	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...	92,700	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...	85,005	...	...
7 rooms	125	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...	74,790	...	...
8 or more rooms	125	...	...	295	...	...	0	...	...	183,815	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.3	...	...	9.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,270	...	...	460	...	...	430	...	...	587,240	...	...
More than one person per room	230	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...	17,390	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
Suitable	2,210	...	...	460	...	...	405	...	...	576,220	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...	28,410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
1960 or before	20	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...	48,925	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	0	...	...	310	...	...	146,775	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	115	...	...	100	...	...	67,920	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	345	...	...	0	...	...	93,515	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	63,060	...	...
2006 to 2010	70	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,550	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,005	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	62,005	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,370	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	57,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,450	...	...	435	...	...	400	...	...	578,295	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...	26,340	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,210	...	...	140	...	...	350	...	...	286,505	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,100	...	...	300	...	...	80	...	...	282,890	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	185	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...	35,230	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,505	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	604,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...	15,275	...	...
25 to 34 years	900	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...	95,360	...	...
35 to 44 years	820	...	...	90	...	...	60	...	...	132,875	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...	85	...	...	20	...	...	121,200	...	...
55 to 64 years	230	...	...	160	...	...	50	...	...	114,325	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	100	...	...	100	...	...	78,705	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...	15	...	...	55	...	...	34,680	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...	12,200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,495	...	...	465	...	...	430	...	...	599,605	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,685	...	...	435	...	...	265	...	...	466,085	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	815	...	...	30	...	...	165	...	...	133,520	...	...
30% to less than 100%	750	...	...	25	...	...	155	...	...	119,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,500	...	...	465	...	...	435	...	...	604,630	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,060	...	...	70	...	...	205	...	...	174,520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	725	...	...	30	...	...	145	...	...	121,340	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...	22,225	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...	17,480	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	4,610	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...	7,285	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,295	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	280	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,445	...	...	395	...	...	225	...	...	430,110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,430	...	...	460	...	...	415	...	...	585,885	...	...
In core need	280	...	...	0	...	...	135	...	...	55,440	...	...
Not in core need	2,155	...	...	450	...	...	280	...	...	530,445	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	440	...	...	90	...	...	429,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	95.2	...	...	54.5	...	...	61.1	...	...	65.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.1	...	...	6.8	...	...	33.3	...	...	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.9	...	...	0.0	...	...	17.6	...	...	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...	1,640	...	...	980	...	...	1,740	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...	1,870	...	...	1,040	...	...	1,792	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000	...	...	592,000	...	...	210,000	...	...	452,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	335,000	...	...	592,000	...	...	224,000	...	...	529,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,245	...	...	20	...	...	345	...	...	172,840	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	1.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	42.0	...	...	8.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	39.7	...	...	34.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	34.8	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	x	...	...	940	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	2,200	...	...	856	...	...	1,414	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,600	3,375	3,230	1,505	720	785	610	290	325	1,571,935	782,270	789,670
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	0	20	0	0	0	20	0	20	17,860	8,295	9,570
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	0	20	0	0	0	20	0	20	17,385	8,070	9,315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15	11,610	5,320	6,285
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,660	2,960
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	65
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	210	250
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	85	35	55	10	10	0	10	10	0	47,230	22,330	24,905
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	80	35	45	0	0	0	10	10	0	45,875	21,725	24,145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,470	12,020	13,445
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,960	9,480	10,475
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	225
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	600	760
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	550	680
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,490	3,335	3,155	1,485	705	780	585	280	305	1,506,840	751,645	755,195
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,605	3,370	3,225	1,505	720	785	615	290	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,450	2,305	2,140	1,440	690	755	420	190	230	1,397,315	698,330	698,985
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,435	795	635	335	165	170	10	0	0	325,765	167,940	157,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,010	1,515	1,500	1,110	525	580	415	185	230	1,071,555	530,390	541,165
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,155	1,065	1,090	60	30	30	190	100	95	174,615	83,940	90,680
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,605	3,370	3,225	1,505	720	785	615	290	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,745	1,430	1,320	1,185	570	615	225	115	110	1,069,940	539,680	530,260
Immigrants⁸¹	3,605	1,820	1,785	320	150	170	350	145	205	473,580	227,640	245,935
Before 1980	65	25	45	40	15	25	30	20	15	56,750	27,435	29,320
1980 to 1990	140	65	75	35	15	25	60	25	35	44,975	21,950	23,020
1991 to 2000	230	95	135	50	25	30	45	0	35	67,220	32,280	34,935
2001 to 2010	855	450	400	120	65	50	50	25	20	127,170	61,140	66,030
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,310	1,180	1,135	70	30	35	160	65	95	177,465	84,835	92,630
2011 to 2015	1,035	565	470	25	10	15	40	10	30	89,810	43,015	46,795
2016 to 2021	1,280	615	665	45	20	20	120	55	65	87,650	41,815	45,835
Non-permanent residents⁸³	250	125	125	0	0	0	35	30	0	28,410	14,945	13,470
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,605	1,820	1,785	320	150	175	345	145	205	473,580	227,640	245,935
Under 5 years	280	130	150	30	15	15	30	0	25	41,205	20,985	20,220
5 to 14 years	555	275	275	50	15	30	35	25	10	79,795	41,370	38,425
15 to 24 years	695	410	290	40	15	25	35	10	25	82,830	37,905	44,930
25 to 44 years	1,790	875	915	180	100	85	155	75	80	223,080	105,885	117,190
45 years and over	285	130	150	25	10	15	100	25	70	46,670	21,495	25,170
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,605	1,820	1,785	320	150	175	345	145	205	473,580	227,640	245,935
Americas	280	140	140	55	25	25	10	0	10	50,280	23,315	26,970
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	965	1,245
Colombia	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	2,860	3,380
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,755	1,300	1,455
Guyana	10	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	810	375	430
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	320	250
Jamaica	65	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,735	1,870
Mexico	20	10	10	15	0	10	0	0	0	5,740	2,810	2,930
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	515	625
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	720	750
United States of America	35	15	25	15	0	10	0	0	0	13,395	5,940	7,455
Other places of birth in Americas	65	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,355	5,775	6,585
Europe	165	90	70	155	75	80	30	15	15	83,855	41,815	42,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,145
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	705	800
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	735	720
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,175	2,815	3,355
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,780	865	915
Italy	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,430	1,805	1,625
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,920	1,805
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,025	3,495
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	610	575
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,435	2,225	2,210
Russian Federation	10	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	4,540	1,930	2,610
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	505	560
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,355	1,510	1,845
United Kingdom⁸⁷	75	40	35	95	40	50	0	0	0	27,675	14,575	13,095
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	7,005	6,835
Africa	510	240	265	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	27,975	27,385
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	320	330
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	445	455
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,500	1,840	1,665
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,785	2,505	2,280
Ethiopia	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,180	3,485	3,700
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	485	460
Nigeria	180	90	85	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,365	6,835	6,530
Somalia	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	780	815
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,010	2,070	1,940
Other places of birth in Africa	220	95	125	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,410	9,205	9,210
Asia	2,650	1,345	1,305	105	45	55	300	120	185	279,930	132,545	147,390
Afghanistan	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	2,115	2,160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,720	2,990	2,730
Iraq	20	15	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	4,070	2,070	2,000
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	0	10	10	0	0	4,455	2,410	2,050
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	2,320	2,130
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	545	555
China⁹⁰	60	30	30	20	10	15	110	40	65	36,925	16,915	20,015
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	10	0	0	0	20	0	10	10,965	5,240	5,725
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,645
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	935	1,270
Philippines	645	310	340	10	0	10	25	0	25	71,315	31,605	39,715
Viet Nam	30	15	20	0	0	0	30	0	25	16,350	7,325	9,030
Bangladesh	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,630	1,845	1,785
India	1,205	635	570	30	15	15	100	50	55	61,580	30,730	30,850
Pakistan	265	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,425	9,810	9,615
Sri Lanka	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	1,005	1,025
Other places of birth in Asia	180	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,735	10,640	12,090
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	2,000	2,150
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,280	610	670	40	20	25	120	55	65	87,650	41,815	45,830
Americas	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,535	3,935	4,595
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	390	525
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	265	410
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	45
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	760	715
United States of America	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,490	1,160	1,330
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	400	515
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	645	770
Europe	35	20	15	25	10	15	0	0	0	7,510	3,815	3,695
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	115	130
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	320	170
Italy	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	175	115
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	245	445
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	340	425
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	1,000	825
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,485	1,445
Africa	185	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,845	7,980
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	50
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	190	235
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	80
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	300	310
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,340	1,205
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	885	965
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125
Nigeria	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,175	3,045	3,130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	170
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	440	385
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	220	235
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30
Other places of birth in Africa	70	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	970	1,000
Asia	980	470	510	10	0	10	115	50	65	55,100	25,850	29,250
Afghanistan	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	415	455
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	5,625	2,440	3,180
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	120	195
India	530	275	255	0	0	0	95	45	45	14,870	7,455	7,420
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	415	450
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	450	510
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	25	150
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	780	1,050
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	220	235
Nepal	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	280	265
Pakistan	60	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,145	1,245
Philippines	210	95	120	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,470	7,940	9,535
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	160	105
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	85
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,645	1,490
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	175	225
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	170
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	320	660
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,240	955	1,290
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	375	310
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	255	230
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	125	85
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	290	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,880	1,955	1,925	330	155	175	395	180	210	518,345	251,010	267,335
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,560	865	695	325	165	165	70	40	30	329,675	166,505	163,165
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,160	555	605	850	400	445	145	70	85	723,920	364,750	359,170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,535	1,795	1,745	275	130	145	315	125	190	416,830	200,210	216,615
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,915	995	920	190	100	90	165	70	95	235,880	118,150	117,730
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	860	490	365	70	60	10	90	45	40	95,815	58,035	37,780
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,060	505	555	115	40	75	75	20	50	140,065	60,120	79,950
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,140	530	610	70	25	45	115	40	75	117,720	48,395	69,330
Refugees¹⁰⁸	430	235	190	0	0	0	40	15	25	58,995	31,595	27,395
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	50	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,535	1,795	1,745	275	130	145	315	125	190	416,830	200,210	216,615
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	90	70	0	0	0	10	0	0	14,765	8,620	6,145
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	385	170	215	50	25	20	35	15	15	53,180	23,440	29,750
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	25	20	10	0	10	15	0	10	10,665	5,460	5,205
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	360	230	125	25	15	10	40	15	25	23,590	12,265	11,320
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	670	895
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,585	1,280	1,310	195	90	100	215	80	140	313,060	149,760	163,300
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	290	325	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,140	2,665	2,475	270	120	155	380	180	200	575,650	282,735	292,910
South Asian	2,390	1,295	1,095	130	60	65	125	70	60	154,385	78,430	75,955
Chinese	140	60	80	25	10	15	140	60	80	93,975	45,570	48,410
Black	1,040	495	545	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,470	38,665	37,800
Filipino	830	415	415	20	0	15	25	0	20	92,235	42,365	49,880
Arab	60	35	25	45	20	25	20	10	10	32,660	17,235	15,425
Latin American	200	105	95	40	20	20	20	10	10	35,155	16,925	18,235
Southeast Asian	130	65	65	0	0	0	30	15	15	28,720	13,405	15,310
West Asian	175	110	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,765	8,040	7,720
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,150	6,285	6,865
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,455	2,780	3,675
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,845	2,855	2,985
Multiple visible minorities	105	55	50	0	0	0	10	0	0	20,840	10,195	10,645
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,465	710	755	1,230	600	630	230	110	120	996,285	499,530	496,755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,605	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	615	285	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Canadian	415	205	205	195	95	105	20	0	15	168,075	87,325	80,750
English	295	130	165	500	245	245	45	25	20	276,300	136,835	139,465
Irish	315	120	195	245	110	135	50	15	35	202,260	98,040	104,225
Scottish	225	100	125	335	155	175	45	20	25	235,385	115,820	119,575
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	85	95	105	45	50	30	10	20	104,160	50,935	53,225
German	265	120	145	240	120	125	50	20	30	197,770	97,860	99,910
Chinese	215	80	130	35	10	25	145	55	85	99,705	48,045	51,650
Italian	90	60	30	20	10	10	0	0	0	44,840	22,330	22,510
Indian (India)	1,190	640	550	70	45	35	75	30	40	77,900	39,545	38,355
Ukrainian	120	40	75	135	55	75	10	0	0	89,615	43,675	45,940
Dutch	90	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,665	26,510	27,155
Polish	35	10	25	70	45	25	10	0	10	53,675	25,885	27,790
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	990	970
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	35	15	50	25	25	25	10	10	53,825	27,135	26,690
Filipino	875	435	440	20	0	15	20	0	20	86,850	40,140	46,710
French Canadian	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,575	5,740	5,835
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	15	25	10	10	0	0	0	26,685	13,810	12,875
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,785	7,425	8,360
Métis	75	25	45	15	15	0	10	0	0	27,350	12,945	14,410
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	45	25	45	15	25	0	0	0	28,815	14,565	14,250
Russian	95	40	55	80	60	20	10	0	0	36,090	16,840	19,255
Norwegian	60	25	35	70	40	30	15	0	10	44,865	21,320	23,545
Welsh	65	30	30	65	45	20	0	0	0	27,905	13,365	14,540
Portuguese	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	4,060	4,045
American	30	20	10	20	10	15	0	0	0	23,975	11,565	12,415
Spanish	100	50	55	40	15	25	0	0	0	19,620	9,075	10,545
Swedish	35	20	15	55	30	30	0	0	0	28,290	13,540	14,750
Hungarian	45	15	30	25	0	15	0	0	0	20,785	10,045	10,740
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,900	1,885
Pakistani	345	180	160	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,175	12,270	11,905
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	125	40	85	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,105	7,435	7,670
Jewish	20	0	15	10	0	10	0	0	0	7,450	3,730	3,715
Punjabi	235	125	110	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,085	10,145	9,940
Vietnamese	65	35	25	0	0	0	30	15	20	22,750	10,685	12,065
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	11,200	5,995	5,205
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	3,370	3,160
Jamaican	165	85	80	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,875	3,435	3,435
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,680	7,485	8,200
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,710	3,385	4,325
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,260	6,955
Romanian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,805	6,050	6,760
Lebanese	30	10	20	30	20	15	0	0	0	12,885	6,725	6,160
Iranian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,415	3,295	3,120
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	70	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,800	2,855	2,945
Danish	55	15	35	10	10	0	10	0	0	19,915	9,935	9,980
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,530	2,795
Sikh	325	180	145	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,100	8,300	7,800
Austrian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	13,225	6,465	6,765
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,255	3,475	3,780
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	570	555
Hindu	185	105	80	0	0	0	50	35	20	9,050	4,560	4,490
Mexican	40	20	25	40	20	20	0	0	0	9,145	4,490	4,655
Mennonite	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,145	2,565	2,580
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	3,960	4,115
Finnish	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,840	3,325	3,515
Sri Lankan	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,095	1,040	1,050
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,125	3,000	3,125
Japanese	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	3,910	4,950
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,040	2,520	2,525
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	905	945
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,605	4,150	4,455
Muslim	70	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,345	3,120
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,630	2,310
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,575	3,255	3,320
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	760	690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,935	4,120	3,825
Colombian	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,225	3,535
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	470	505
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,875	3,870	4,010
Syrian	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,245	2,160
Guyanese	20	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,350	665	680
Afghan	160	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,395	3,495
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,735	1,435	1,305
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,345	1,585	1,760
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	725	715
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	1,090	965
Hong Konger	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,955	2,070
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	635	785
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,525	1,320
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	900	910
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,525	1,235
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355
Bangladeshi	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,870	1,800
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	335	330
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,375	1,460
Nigerian	120	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,720	4,460	4,265
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	535	495
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	2,200	2,225
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,440	1,645
Somali	90	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,485	1,370
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	960	1,295
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,520	1,620
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,660	1,315	1,345
African Caribbean	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	590	500
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,945	1,855	2,090
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,805	1,480	1,330
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	720	710
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	245	320
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	430	540
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,420	1,080	1,345
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,795	1,905	1,890
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	1,970	1,870
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,875	1,025	845
Chilean	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,765	1,560
Congolese	40	0	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	515	580
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	515	565
Ethiopian	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,265	3,545
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,515	1,690
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	775	830
Yoruba	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,825	2,740
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,060	1,075
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	235	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	1,065	855
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	370	380
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	235	255
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	900	915
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,165	1,275
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	215	320
Gujarati	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,790	925	860
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,425	2,745	2,680
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	565	530
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	610	565
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	375	275
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,390	1,215	1,175
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	670	720
Albertan	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,585	3,815	3,775
Ghanaian	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	790	745
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	380	380
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	555	590
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	725	645
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	755	695
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	425	465
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,670
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	625
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	615	630
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	545	520
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	655	730
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	865	955
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	575	590
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,705	1,255	1,450
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	505	515
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	370	290
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	100	50
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	625	625
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	565	610
Kurdish	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	555	565
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	590	660
Jatt	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,575	785	780
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	490	450
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	230	225
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	430	965
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160
Nepali	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,200	1,135
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	225	205
Igbo	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,820	1,665
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	440
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	770	1,035
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	615	525
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	170
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	705	670
Sudanese	40	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,275	1,370
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	190	340
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,260	615	650
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	125
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	250	250
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	765	865
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	515	555
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	65
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	655	630
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	180
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	70	110
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	1,240	1,035
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	465	525
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	275
Kenyan	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	565	570
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	105	125
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	240	240
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	360	340
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	120	110
Rwandan	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	100	150
Malayali	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	380	295
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	265	310
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	360	320
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	200
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	325	335
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	75	85
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	80
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	220	310
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	130
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	100	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	350	320
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	440	420
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	370	485
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	195	180
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	210	195
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385
Zimbabwean	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	345	430
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	310
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	470	545
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190
Oromo	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	875	695
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	440	400
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	295	300
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	265	190
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	105
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	160	200
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	140
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,195	560	635
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	50
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	85	70
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	175
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	130	150
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	80
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	145	120
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	90
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	405	415
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	135	210
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	370	295
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	145
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	440	385
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	35	90
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,600	3,375	3,225	1,505	720	785	610	290	325	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Buddhist	75	35	45	20	10	10	15	0	15	22,425	9,955	12,470
Christian	2,420	1,205	1,215	820	355	460	220	95	120	713,465	336,705	376,760
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	770	385	385	240	110	135	45	25	20	153,665	73,675	79,985
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,730	1,325	1,405
Anglican	30	10	20	70	35	35	0	0	0	35,625	16,415	19,210
Baptist	45	10	35	0	0	0	10	0	10	14,480	6,660	7,815
Catholic	1,260	645	615	370	165	200	80	35	45	312,410	149,290	163,120
Christian Orthodox	35	15	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	25,935	12,595	13,340
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,765	3,065	3,695
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	13,890	6,525	7,365
Lutheran	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	8,955	10,835
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,655	2,015
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	55	40	0	0	0	30	10	20	17,325	8,180	9,145
Presbyterian	25	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,200	4,585	5,615
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	950	930
United Church	20	0	20	70	20	50	15	15	0	51,720	22,415	29,305
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	40	30	10	0	10	20	0	15	43,375	20,405	22,970
Hindu	705	385	325	15	10	0	85	50	40	35,335	18,180	17,155
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,820	3,305	3,515
Muslim	1,035	535	500	75	35	40	20	15	0	101,285	51,675	49,610
Sikh	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,230	28,325	27,905
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	550	960
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,305	4,775	6,530
No religion and secular perspectives	1,400	705	700	550	310	245	275	130	145	623,560	328,795	294,765
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,435	3,290	3,145	1,505	720	785	615	290	325	1,555,360	773,705	781,660
Non-movers	4,645	2,335	2,310	1,310	625	685	480	215	265	1,345,810	669,430	676,380
Movers	1,795	955	835	195	95	100	130	70	55	209,550	104,275	105,275
Non-migrants	1,140	630	515	125	55	65	90	50	45	147,415	73,505	73,910
Migrants	655	330	320	70	40	35	35	25	15	62,135	30,765	31,365
Internal migrants	475	225	245	70	40	25	15	15	0	47,380	23,440	23,940
Intraprovincial migrants	205	95	105	65	40	25	10	0	0	28,075	13,860	14,215
Interprovincial migrants	275	130	145	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,305	9,580	9,725
External migrants	175	100	75	0	0	0	20	10	10	14,755	7,325	7,430
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,890	2,975	2,915	1,455	700	755	610	290	320	1,482,335	736,360	745,975
Non-movers	1,500	780	720	1,045	495	550	260	110	150	863,155	429,060	434,095
Movers	4,385	2,195	2,190	410	205	205	350	180	165	619,175	307,300	311,880
Non-migrants	2,180	1,155	1,025	275	135	140	220	120	95	363,260	181,560	181,700
Migrants	2,205	1,040	1,165	135	70	60	130	60	75	255,920	125,740	130,180
Internal migrants	1,215	595	620	75	45	30	40	10	25	177,420	87,415	90,005
Intraprovincial migrants	580	285	295	45	25	20	20	0	15	112,590	55,855	56,735
Interprovincial migrants	635	310	325	30	20	10	20	10	15	64,830	31,560	33,270
External migrants	985	440	545	55	25	35	90	40	40	78,500	38,320	40,180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,075	2,535	2,535	1,235	585	655	580	270	310	1,278,375	631,155	647,215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	735	395	340	125	60	65	105	40	65	182,850	95,955	86,895
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,340	2,140	2,195	1,115	525	585	470	230	240	1,095,525	535,200	560,320
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,135	2,035	2,095	790	360	435	330	185	145	886,650	437,700	448,950
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410	205	205	30	25	10	10	10	0	79,025	43,715	35,310
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,720	1,830	1,890	760	340	420	315	170	145	807,620	393,985	413,640
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,075	2,540	2,540	1,235	585	650	580	270	305	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	630	340	290	110	40	60	100	40	60	163,710	84,360	79,350
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,320	695	630	335	165	175	140	65	70	339,400	169,445	169,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,120	1,505	1,615	795	380	420	345	165	180	775,265	377,350	397,915
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,400	710	690	335	150	185	135	55	80	348,595	174,345	174,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	180	60	90	70	25	35	20	10	84,805	63,760	21,050
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	105	75	30	35	15	20	0	0	0	29,285	16,610	12,680
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	130	100	25	60	55	0	30	15	10	55,525	47,150	8,375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	945	415	530	205	70	135	80	25	55	221,065	92,585	128,480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	125	100	40	10	25	20	10	10	42,725	18,000	24,720
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,720	790	930	455	225	230	205	105	100	426,670	203,005	223,660
Bachelor's degree	1,110	520	590	335	150	180	130	65	65	294,610	137,240	157,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	55	75	15	10	0	0	0	0	22,475	10,080	12,390
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,785	5,050	5,735
Master's degree	445	195	245	95	50	35	60	35	25	86,005	42,875	43,130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	15	15	0	10	0	0	12,795	7,765	5,030
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,130	2,035	2,095	795	360	430	330	185	145	886,650	437,700	448,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	330	165	170	15	10	0	15	15	0	66,625	36,450	30,175
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	955	495	460	145	75	75	70	45	25	197,715	102,665	95,045
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,840	1,375	1,470	630	280	350	245	130	120	622,315	298,585	323,730
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,225	615	610	260	100	155	75	35	35	266,590	133,640	132,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	185	140	45	70	50	20	30	25	0	63,270	48,090	15,175
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	50	25	20	10	15	0	0	0	20,715	12,025	8,685
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	115	95	25	45	45	0	25	20	0	42,560	36,060	6,495
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	835	355	475	160	40	120	35	10	25	170,270	71,565	98,700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	120	85	25	10	15	10	0	0	33,050	13,985	19,070
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,620	760	860	375	180	195	175	90	80	355,720	164,940	190,775
Bachelor's degree	1,020	505	520	270	125	150	100	50	55	244,340	111,530	132,810
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	45	70	10	10	10	0	0	0	17,980	7,805	10,175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,015	5,170
Master's degree	440	190	245	75	40	35	60	35	25	74,335	35,965	38,370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,880	5,625	4,255
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,070	2,535	2,540	1,240	580	650	580	270	310	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,950	1,035	915	440	205	235	240	105	130	503,110	253,805	249,305
Education	90	10	80	40	0	30	20	10	0	46,605	10,200	36,405
13. Education	90	10	80	40	0	30	20	10	0	46,605	10,200	36,405
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	30	55	10	0	10	0	0	0	23,385	9,460	13,925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50	10	0	10	0	0	0	20,825	7,530	13,295
Humanities	140	55	85	25	0	25	10	0	10	34,000	12,365	21,635
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	735	2,940
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30	10	0	10	0	0	0	7,415	1,915	5,495
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	4,095	7,460
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	185	340
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,255	1,065
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	2,195	1,665
54. History	15	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	3,810	1,820	1,990
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	165	665
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	75	190	115	25	85	20	0	20	83,860	28,790	55,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	220	930
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30	15	0	10	0	0	0	11,400	4,015	7,380
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,690	735	8,955
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	50	20	0	20	0	0	0	15,515	5,275	10,245
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	560	1,045
42. Psychology	40	0	40	25	0	15	0	0	0	13,800	3,115	10,680
45. Social sciences	85	40	45	45	20	20	10	0	10	30,700	14,865	15,830
Business, management and public administration	935	445	490	185	80	105	80	30	55	177,710	75,825	101,885
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	60	120
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	10	0	10	0	0	0	8,595	1,605	6,995
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	905	440	465	180	80	95	80	30	55	168,935	74,160	94,770
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	40	85	40	30	10	0	0	0	39,940	20,670	19,265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	30	10	10	0	0	0	0	13,395	5,160	8,240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,180	3,785	4,395
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	260	410
40. Physical sciences	25	0	20	25	20	0	0	0	0	16,065	10,835	5,225
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	635	995
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	150	95	25	20	0	40	20	20	36,465	23,975	12,485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	145	80	20	15	0	35	20	15	30,070	21,020	9,055
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,630	200	1,430
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,275	1,755
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	485	250
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	525	455	75	195	170	30	115	95	20	173,505	149,155	24,355
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	6,470	4,065	2,410
14. Engineering	220	185	35	80	75	10	60	45	15	66,620	53,075	13,545
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	30	25	15	10	35	30	0	38,240	31,740	6,500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	25	20	0	10	10	0	28,060	27,225	835
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	75	0	30	30	0	0	0	0	22,210	21,530	675
48. Precision production	15	15	0	30	25	0	10	10	0	11,885	11,515	375
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	10	15	0	0	10	0	10	15,905	7,900	8,005
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	15	10	0	0	0	10	0	10	10,210	5,025	5,180
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,695	2,870	2,825
Health and related fields	515	125	390	110	15	95	35	0	30	111,080	22,865	88,215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,155	4,305	4,845
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	485	105	380	100	15	85	30	0	30	98,680	16,900	81,780
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,580	1,485
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	85	55	40	20	20	15	0	15	32,595	16,030	16,565
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	40	40	30	15	20	15	0	15	20,215	6,265	13,950
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	130	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	145	25
43. Security and protective services	45	30	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,150	4,050	2,095
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	5,440	480
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	110
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,130	2,035	2,095	790	360	435	330	185	145	886,650	437,700	448,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,285	660	630	165	80	80	80	60	25	264,340	139,115	125,220
Education	80	10	70	35	0	30	10	10	0	33,450	6,965	26,475
13. Education	80	10	70	35	0	30	10	10	0	33,450	6,965	26,475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	25	50	10	0	10	0	0	0	18,955	7,590	11,360
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,900	1,360	540
50. Visual and performing arts	70	25	45	10	0	10	0	0	0	17,045	6,230	10,815
Humanities	120	55	65	25	0	25	0	0	0	26,945	9,460	17,490
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,000	580	2,425
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,035	1,555	4,480
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	3,220	6,225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	130	260
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	985	875
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,680	1,520	1,160
54. History	15	10	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	2,930	1,365	1,565
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	105	490
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	75	175	95	25	70	15	0	15	69,810	23,220	46,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	200	775
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	25	15	0	15	0	0	0	10,005	3,400	6,605
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,720	535	7,185
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	45	20	0	20	0	0	0	12,925	4,080	8,840
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	455	885
42. Psychology	40	0	35	15	0	10	0	0	0	11,190	2,390	8,800
45. Social sciences	75	40	35	35	15	15	10	0	10	25,655	12,155	13,505
Business, management and public administration	890	415	475	155	65	90	50	20	35	145,930	61,450	84,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,965	1,215	5,750
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	855	410	450	145	65	80	50	20	35	138,835	60,195	78,640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	35	85	25	15	10	0	0	0	30,605	14,930	15,680
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	10	30	10	10	0	0	0	0	10,695	3,995	6,695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,400	2,855	3,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	215	340
40. Physical sciences	25	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	11,875	7,435	4,435
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	425	660
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	155	90	20	15	0	35	20	15	31,330	20,720	10,615
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	140	75	15	10	0	35	20	15	26,680	18,555	8,125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	135	900
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,650	1,365
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	225
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	450	385	65	155	125	30	90	75	15	138,260	116,630	21,630
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,185	3,050	2,130
14. Engineering	205	180	25	65	60	0	50	35	15	55,310	43,055	12,260
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	105	30	20	10	10	25	20	0	30,335	24,710	5,630
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	20	15	0	10	10	0	21,755	21,035	720
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	55	0	25	25	0	0	0	0	16,875	16,295	580
48. Precision production	10	10	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	8,785	8,485	305
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	0	10	0	10	10	0	10	12,720	5,985	6,735
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	7,810	3,590	4,220
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,515
Health and related fields	465	115	350	80	10	65	20	0	15	88,715	18,735	69,980
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,355	3,465	3,885
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	445	95	345	75	10	65	15	0	15	78,745	14,010	64,730
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	80
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,480	1,195	1,280
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	75	35	35	15	20	10	0	0	25,425	12,820	12,610
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	35	30	20	10	15	10	0	0	15,385	4,880	10,500
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	90	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	80	0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,140	3,420	1,725
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	4,340	370
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	95
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,130	2,035	2,095	790	360	435	330	185	145	886,650	437,700	448,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,285	660	630	165	80	80	80	60	25	264,340	139,115	125,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,845	1,375	1,470	625	280	345	250	125	120	622,310	298,585	323,730
Location of study inside Canada	1,465	735	725	495	200	295	125	70	55	455,590	220,680	234,910
Same as province or territory of residence	960	440	520	310	130	175	70	40	30	328,175	157,540	170,630
Different than province or territory of residence	505	295	210	185	75	115	50	30	25	127,410	63,135	64,275
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,380	640	740	135	80	55	125	60	65	166,725	77,905	88,820
Americas	125	75	55	35	25	10	0	0	0	28,670	14,305	14,360
United States of America	65	35	25	30	25	0	0	0	0	17,465	9,425	8,040
Mexico	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,065	1,345
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	145	110
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	215	255
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,670	690	980
Colombia	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	915	1,210
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	155	250
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	780	1,070
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	870	1,075
Europe	105	50	50	55	30	25	15	10	0	29,575	15,435	14,145
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	130	90
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	630	595
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	645	590
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	430	370
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	190
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	180	205
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	335
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	575	905
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	1,020	855
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,235	955	1,280
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	745	865
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	570	355
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	40	35	40	15	20	0	0	0	11,725	6,495	5,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	185	155
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	210	140
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	190
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,760	1,955	1,805
Africa	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,695	6,570
Nigeria	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,375	2,590
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	170	170
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,670	860	810
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	855	840
Other locations of study in Africa	45	10	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,105	1,880
Asia	1,065	490	575	40	25	15	105	45	55	91,990	39,695	52,295
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,010	1,145
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	450	465
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	230	195
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	300	335
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	380	355
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	235	160
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	11,260	5,010	6,250
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	145	440
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	805	315	495
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	275	770
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,925	1,615	2,305
Philippines	315	145	175	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,585	12,115	18,470
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	335	520
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,405	540	870
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	235
India	565	270	305	10	0	0	75	35	40	25,005	11,780	13,225
Pakistan	70	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,330	2,815	3,520
Other locations of study in Asia	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,435	1,895	2,540
Oceania	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,225	1,775	1,450
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,385	1,160
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	315	240
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,075	2,540	2,540	1,235	585	650	580	270	305	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
In the labour force	4,055	2,135	1,920	885	460	425	305	175	130	882,705	463,170	419,540
Employed	3,470	1,845	1,625	810	425	385	275	155	120	776,015	408,675	367,335
Unemployed	585	290	295	75	35	40	30	20	10	106,695	54,490	52,205
Not in the labour force	1,015	400	620	355	125	230	275	95	180	395,665	167,985	227,680
Participation rate	79.9	84.1	75.6	71.7	78.6	65.4	52.6	64.8	42.6	69.0	73.4	64.8
Employment rate	68.4	72.6	64.0	65.6	72.6	59.2	47.4	57.4	39.3	60.7	64.8	56.8
Unemployment rate	14.4	13.6	15.4	8.5	7.6	9.4	9.8	11.4	7.7	12.1	11.8	12.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,070	2,535	2,540	1,240	580	650	580	270	310	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,215	500	725	390	130	260	275	100	170	422,665	183,645	239,020
Worked	3,855	2,040	1,815	850	450	395	305	170	140	855,710	447,510	408,200
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,940	1,050	890	485	270	215	130	95	35	450,195	257,535	192,655
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,915	990	925	360	180	180	175	80	100	405,520	189,970	215,550
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.6	39.0	41.5	41.2	41.8	39.8	43.0	35.6	40.7	41.5	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,055	2,135	1,920	885	455	425	310	175	135	882,710	463,165	419,540
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90	15	0	10	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830	870	455	410	300	175	125	853,695	449,150	404,550
Employee	3,540	1,830	1,710	730	385	345	285	160	120	715,140	365,090	350,050
Permanent position	3,065	1,610	1,450	620	335	285	230	135	95	600,125	311,480	288,645
Temporary position	475	215	265	110	50	60	50	25	25	115,020	53,615	61,405
Fixed term (1 year or more)	135	65	70	30	10	20	10	0	10	37,760	16,790	20,970
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	345	150	190	80	40	45	40	25	15	77,260	36,820	40,435
Self-employed¹⁹²	380	260	115	140	70	65	20	15	0	138,550	84,060	54,500
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,055	2,135	1,920	885	455	425	310	175	135	882,710	463,165	419,540
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90	15	0	10	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830	870	455	410	300	175	125	853,695	449,150	404,550
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	11,440	8,585	2,850
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	640	200	440	175	65	110	35	25	15	161,170	53,245	107,930
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	290	195	100	85	60	30	65	45	20	94,565	72,340	22,225
3 Health occupations	405	95	315	45	0	45	0	0	0	69,305	13,810	55,490
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	255	70	185	110	30	75	20	10	0	92,850	30,655	62,195
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	0	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,120	10,450	13,675
6 Sales and service occupations	1,235	605	635	275	145	125	130	50	75	209,115	94,840	114,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	910	815	95	115	100	20	35	35	0	147,375	132,085	15,290
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	40	10	25	20	0	0	0	0	18,195	14,065	4,130
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	55	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	25,565	19,070	6,490
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,055	2,135	1,920	885	455	425	310	175	135	882,710	463,165	419,540
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	50	90	15	0	10	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995
All industries¹⁹¹	3,915	2,090	1,830	870	455	410	300	175	125	853,695	449,150	404,550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	5,105	3,165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	40	25	30	20	10	10	0	0	39,750	26,465	13,290
22 Utilities	30	25	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	10,285	6,785	3,500
23 Construction	285	260	25	60	45	10	10	10	0	75,665	63,720	11,945
31-33 Manufacturing	145	100	45	50	45	0	0	0	0	41,545	30,255	11,295
41 Wholesale trade	105	80	20	60	40	25	15	15	0	27,195	18,765	8,430
44-45 Retail trade	580	295	285	95	40	50	50	25	25	96,885	46,555	50,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	545	410	135	25	20	0	15	15	0	56,135	40,670	15,470
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	45	15	0	10	20	10	10	14,840	8,750	6,090
52 Finance and insurance	150	55	95	55	20	35	10	0	10	30,760	13,930	16,825
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	16,935	9,445	7,485
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	150	130	105	50	55	45	30	10	96,185	55,190	40,995
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,660	1,210	1,450
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	155	95	30	20	10	30	10	20	37,790	21,285	16,510
61 Educational services	85	25	65	60	10	50	0	0	0	55,510	16,805	38,700
62 Health care and social assistance	625	110	515	90	15	70	25	10	15	107,190	20,475	86,720
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	30	15	30	20	15	10	0	0	17,830	8,980	8,850
72 Accommodation and food services	290	145	150	55	30	25	40	15	25	49,900	22,440	27,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	55	75	35	15	20	10	10	0	37,065	16,090	20,975
91 Public administration	120	60	55	45	30	15	0	0	0	31,305	16,235	15,075
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,240	2,220	2,020	925	485	440	325	180	145	926,320	483,455	442,860
English	3,880	2,025	1,855	910	470	445	300	170	135	878,705	460,305	418,400
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	340	915
Non-official language	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,525	3,440
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,525	3,430
English and French	25	10	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	7,700	3,085	4,615
English and non-official language(s)	290	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,355	15,535	14,825
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	340	405
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	325	250
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,240	2,220	2,020	925	485	440	325	180	145	926,320	483,455	442,860
Single responses	4,210	2,200	2,010	925	485	440	325	180	145	919,325	479,835	439,490
Official languages	4,090	2,150	1,940	925	485	440	325	180	145	906,220	473,040	433,180
English	4,080	2,150	1,935	925	485	440	320	175	145	903,745	472,395	431,350
French	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	650	1,835
Non-official languages	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,105	6,795	6,310
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,795	6,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	250	215
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	165
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	330	510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	320	505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	290	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	260	240
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,930	2,465
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	185	270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	185	270
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	80	105
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	70	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,355	2,015	1,345
Indo-Aryan languages	70	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,220	1,960	1,260
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	50
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,740	1,005
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	70
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	650	780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	55	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	30
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	540	715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	25	75
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	445	365
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,665	2,410	2,255
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,395	2,245
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,960	995	965
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,375	1,270
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,625	3,375
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	445	555
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,765	3,065	2,695
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,240	2,220	2,020	925	485	440	325	180	145	926,320	483,455	442,860
None	3,945	2,060	1,895	910	470	445	305	175	135	893,045	467,350	425,695
English	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,235	2,990	3,245
French	15	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,385	3,230
Non-official language	160	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,585	8,825	8,760
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
Non-Indigenous	155	90	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,780	8,690
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	330	335
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,470	1,845	1,625	805	425	385	275	150	120	776,010	408,680	367,335
Worked at home	575	230	340	310	160	150	95	70	25	215,520	105,290	110,230
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	2,095	725
No fixed workplace address	545	420	130	90	70	15	10	0	0	113,260	83,885	29,375
Usual place of work	2,330	1,180	1,150	410	190	220	170	80	95	444,410	217,405	227,005
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,325	1,180	1,155	405	190	220	170	80	95	444,410	217,405	227,005
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,870	910	960	375	165	210	170	80	95	361,065	170,000	191,065
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	210	130	30	20	0	0	0	0	69,230	37,715	31,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,095	7,060	3,035
Commute to a different province or territory	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,020	2,625	1,395
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,875	1,595	1,280	495	265	235	180	85	100	557,670	301,290	256,380
Car, truck or van	2,505	1,475	1,035	475	250	220	45	20	20	473,465	261,055	212,410
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,330	1,430	900	455	250	210	45	20	20	441,645	249,990	191,655
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	175	45	130	15	0	10	0	0	0	31,820	11,060	20,755
Public transit	230	70	160	10	10	0	85	35	55	40,930	17,775	23,165
Walked	55	25	30	10	0	0	50	25	25	22,670	10,345	12,325
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,355	3,240	1,115
Other method	90	30	55	10	0	10	0	0	0	16,245	8,875	7,365
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,875	1,595	1,280	495	265	235	180	85	100	557,670	301,290	256,380
Less than 15 minutes	455	235	225	115	65	50	55	30	25	128,460	58,155	70,310
15 to 29 minutes	1,395	820	575	275	125	150	75	35	40	242,460	130,855	111,610
30 to 44 minutes	705	395	310	85	55	30	35	20	15	125,765	75,100	50,660
45 to 59 minutes	120	85	35	10	10	0	0	0	0	31,050	18,505	12,545
60 minutes and over	195	60	135	0	0	0	10	0	10	29,930	18,665	11,265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,875	1,595	1,280	495	265	235	180	85	100	557,670	301,290	256,380
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	160	70	30	30	0	0	0	0	37,665	27,280	10,390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	595	350	245	85	60	30	35	20	20	100,900	63,500	37,400
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	570	310	260	145	65	80	40	20	20	143,455	75,755	67,700
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	485	245	235	110	60	50	15	15	0	105,095	50,620	54,475
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	410	200	215	65	30	35	35	20	15	79,595	35,415	44,180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	595	340	255	65	25	40	50	15	40	90,950	48,715	42,230
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,710	885	830	350	180	170	45	25	20	356,225	183,250	172,980
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	60	50	15	10	5	5	5	0	25,335	12,890	12,445
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,595	825	775	335	170	165	40	25	20	330,890	170,360	160,535
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	970	505	470	285	160	125	15	10	5	259,535	133,590	125,945
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	30	15	10	5	0	0	0	18,890	9,625	9,270
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	9,575	4,670	4,910
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	9,315	4,955	4,360
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	905	470	435	275	145	125	15	10	5	240,640	123,965	116,675

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x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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