Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48061557More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove			48060153More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Calgary, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	472	...	...	1,590,639	...	...	584	...	...	1,306,784	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,498,778	...	...	...	...	...	1,239,220	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	6.1	...	...	...	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	204	...	...	638,160	...	...	244	...	...	531,062	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	193	...	...	604,628	...	...	242	...	...	502,301	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,014.0	...	...	126.1	...	...	1,901.0	...	...	1,592.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.16	...	...	12,614.18	...	...	0.31	...	...	820.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	475	220	250	1,590,640	790,320	800,320	585	285	300	1,306,780	648,835	657,950
0 to 14 years	75	40	40	294,075	151,285	142,785	90	50	40	235,855	121,145	114,710
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	89,790	46,155	43,630	30	15	10	73,840	37,865	35,980
5 to 9 years	30	15	20	100,905	51,680	49,225	25	15	15	80,585	41,225	39,365
10 to 14 years	25	10	10	103,380	53,450	49,930	35	25	15	81,425	42,055	39,370
15 to 64 years	310	150	160	1,074,770	535,540	539,230	375	180	195	893,525	445,660	447,865
15 to 19 years	25	15	10	92,025	47,355	44,675	45	20	25	73,490	37,720	35,770
20 to 24 years	40	10	20	91,515	47,260	44,260	15	10	10	78,365	40,280	38,085
25 to 29 years	35	20	20	101,235	50,320	50,915	30	15	20	88,385	43,930	44,460
30 to 34 years	35	20	15	123,235	60,255	62,980	35	20	15	105,960	52,030	53,930
35 to 39 years	25	15	10	132,045	64,950	67,095	35	10	25	110,765	54,785	55,985
40 to 44 years	25	15	15	121,735	60,110	61,625	35	20	20	100,080	49,490	50,595
45 to 49 years	30	15	20	111,345	55,485	55,860	60	35	30	91,385	45,430	45,945
50 to 54 years	35	15	15	103,325	51,835	51,490	30	15	15	84,725	42,550	42,175
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	101,580	50,260	51,320	35	15	25	82,570	41,000	41,570
60 to 64 years	20	10	10	96,735	47,710	49,020	55	30	20	77,790	38,450	39,345
65 years and over	85	35	55	221,795	103,495	118,300	120	50	70	177,405	82,035	95,375
65 to 69 years	25	10	20	78,095	38,250	39,845	30	15	15	62,120	30,410	31,710
70 to 74 years	20	10	15	58,785	28,310	30,475	20	10	10	46,495	22,225	24,270
75 to 79 years	15	5	10	36,570	17,235	19,340	15	5	10	28,965	13,485	15,485
80 to 84 years	10	5	10	23,750	10,405	13,350	20	10	15	19,405	8,370	11,035
85 years and over	15	5	10	24,595	9,300	15,290	30	10	15	20,420	7,540	12,875
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	15,285	6,230	9,050	20	5	15	12,620	4,995	7,625
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	7,425	2,580	4,850	10	5	5	6,225	2,115	4,110
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	1,655	445	1,210	0	0	0	1,375	390	990
100 years and over	0	0	0	225	45	180	0	0	0	195	45	155
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	18.2	16.0	18.5	19.1	17.8	15.4	17.5	13.3	18.0	18.7	17.4
15 to 64 years	65.3	68.2	64.0	67.6	67.8	67.4	64.1	63.2	65.0	68.4	68.7	68.1
65 years and over	17.9	15.9	22.0	13.9	13.1	14.8	20.5	17.5	23.3	13.6	12.6	14.5
85 years and over	3.2	2.3	4.0	1.5	1.2	1.9	5.1	3.5	5.0	1.6	1.2	2.0
Average age of the population	40.8	40.0	41.6	38.9	38.3	39.6	44.3	42.8	45.6	38.8	38.2	39.5
Median age of the population	40.0	38.4	40.4	38.4	38.0	39.2	45.6	45.2	45.6	38.0	37.6	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	195	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,300	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	351,925	...	...	240	...	...	276,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	50	...	...	39,065	...	...	0	...	...	31,660	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	57,180	...	...	0	...	...	48,860	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	21,855	...	...	5	...	...	21,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	89,225	...	...	0	...	...	81,870	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	40,750	...	...	0	...	...	40,700	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	380	...	...	0	...	...	200	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	4,250	...	...	0	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	245	...	...	502,305	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	151,770	...	...	55	...	...	132,695	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	196,980	...	...	95	...	...	159,955	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	96,165	...	...	45	...	...	80,020	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	97,780	...	...	30	...	...	79,565	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	61,930	...	...	15	...	...	50,070	...	...
Number of persons in private households	470	225	250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	585	285	305	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	395	185	210	1,296,570	639,035	657,530	495	230	265	1,070,930	527,695	543,240
Married or living common-law	220	110	110	773,480	387,015	386,465	310	155	160	624,845	312,690	312,150
Married	175	85	85	657,160	328,650	328,510	275	135	135	529,175	264,635	264,545
Living common-law	45	20	20	116,320	58,365	57,960	40	20	20	95,665	48,060	47,610
Living common law - Never married	35	20	15	87,265	43,935	43,330	25	15	15	73,555	37,065	36,490
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	4,035	2,145	1,890	0	0	5	3,080	1,645	1,435
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	23,185	11,490	11,690	15	10	0	17,645	8,750	8,890
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	1,835	790	1,045	0	0	0	1,390	595	795
Not married and not living common-law	175	70	100	523,090	252,020	271,065	180	75	110	446,090	215,005	231,085
Not married and not living common law - Never married	110	55	50	364,145	197,890	166,255	110	50	60	313,900	170,360	143,540
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	5	29,375	12,665	16,710	10	5	0	24,245	10,380	13,865
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	10	30	79,920	30,945	48,970	35	15	20	67,400	25,865	41,535
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	49,640	10,520	39,125	30	5	20	40,550	8,395	32,150
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	438,900	...	...	185	...	...	356,225	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	204,395	...	...	105	...	...	164,970	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	94,815	...	...	40	...	...	78,740	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	97,660	...	...	35	...	...	79,565	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	42,025	...	...	15	...	...	32,950	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	438,900	...	...	185	...	...	356,220	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	377,050	...	...	155	...	...	304,050	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	318,890	...	...	135	...	...	256,225	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	190,345	...	...	65	...	...	155,795	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	128,545	...	...	65	...	...	100,430	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	58,160	...	...	25	...	...	47,830	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	19,165	...	...	5	...	...	14,805	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	38,995	...	...	15	...	...	33,020	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	61,850	...	...	30	...	...	52,170	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	47,785	...	...	25	...	...	40,670	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	14,065	...	...	5	...	...	11,505	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	470	225	250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	585	280	305	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
Total - Persons in census families	370	175	200	1,308,650	651,540	657,110	505	255	255	1,060,650	527,080	533,570
Married spouses or common-law partners	210	105	105	754,090	377,085	377,010	310	155	155	608,110	304,145	303,965
Parents in one-parent families	25	0	20	61,855	14,065	47,790	30	5	25	52,170	11,500	40,665
Children⁶	135	70	65	492,710	260,395	232,315	170	90	75	400,375	211,435	188,940
In a two-parent family	90	40	50	396,580	208,580	188,000	125	65	60	319,875	167,975	151,905
In a one-parent family	45	30	15	96,130	51,815	44,315	50	25	20	80,495	43,460	37,035
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	100	45	55	263,280	130,670	132,615	75	30	45	231,120	115,080	116,040
Living alone	50	25	30	151,765	71,605	80,165	50	25	30	132,690	62,770	69,920
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	10	40,060	17,085	22,975	10	5	5	34,850	14,875	19,980
Living with non-relatives only	35	15	20	71,460	41,975	29,480	10	0	5	63,575	37,435	26,140
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	195	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,300	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	375,185	...	...	175	...	...	302,280	...	...
Couple-family households	90	...	...	328,515	...	...	155	...	...	262,950	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	182,665	...	...	70	...	...	147,735	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	145,845	...	...	80	...	...	115,220	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	46,670	...	...	25	...	...	39,325	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	20,165	...	...	0	...	...	17,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	4,730	...	...	0	...	...	4,035	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	22,485	...	...	5	...	...	18,975	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	30,295	...	...	5	...	...	27,275	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	151,765	...	...	55	...	...	132,690	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	395	185	210	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	495	230	265	1,056,225	521,185	535,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	180	200	1,214,945	600,280	614,665	470	220	250	1,003,515	495,570	507,940
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	45,600	40,800	44,800	52,400	39,200	51,200	63,600	44,000	44,400	50,800	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	180	200	1,215,665	600,680	614,980	470	220	250	1,004,015	495,845	508,175
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,400	37,600	40,400	46,000	36,000	46,000	52,800	38,800	40,000	44,800	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	165	190	1,105,625	556,335	549,290	445	210	235	909,585	457,190	452,395
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	31,800	40,800	50,000	32,400	44,400	61,600	36,800	40,400	48,400	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	135	135	922,195	474,800	447,395	330	170	170	761,365	391,230	370,130
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	36,800	42,400	50,800	34,800	54,800	68,000	43,600	42,400	49,600	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	330	150	180	1,061,305	515,795	545,510	405	185	215	880,900	428,430	452,470
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,900	6,750	8,800	7,600	5,600	9,100	7,650	4,240	9,700	7,500	5,640	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30	10	15	136,975	64,415	72,555	40	15	25	115,990	54,710	61,280
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	x	x	5,800	5,760	5,880	5,640	x	5,400	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	100	55	45	384,535	184,820	199,710	115	50	65	326,795	158,290	168,500
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	365	160	210	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	160	210	1,214,380	599,940	614,440	445	215	230	1,003,175	495,345	507,830
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	42,000	54,400	65,500	78,400	52,850	61,200	60,400	62,000	64,600	76,500	53,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	160	210	1,215,100	600,300	614,800	445	215	230	1,003,685	495,595	508,095
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	36,500	48,400	53,050	61,750	44,560	51,200	51,600	51,200	52,500	60,400	44,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	345	140	205	1,105,945	556,435	549,510	405	195	210	909,780	457,395	452,390
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	41,000	43,600	62,300	76,300	48,160	58,200	59,600	57,200	61,600	74,500	48,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	260	115	150	922,200	475,075	447,125	275	140	135	761,230	391,465	369,765
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	44,000	51,000	60,800	73,200	47,640	64,000	66,000	62,000	60,450	71,900	48,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	120	180	1,060,140	515,090	545,050	385	170	215	879,935	427,945	451,995
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,100	8,000	13,100	10,020	8,930	11,050	9,960	8,600	11,100	10,010	8,920	11,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25	0	15	136,685	64,550	72,135	45	0	35	115,600	54,695	60,905
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	...	10,000	7,070	6,620	7,480	7,400	...	7,600	7,060	6,620	7,460
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	50	55	383,100	184,610	198,485	90	40	50	325,765	158,290	167,480
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,600	11,200	9,270	9,160	9,380	7,000	7,200	7,000	9,350	9,260	9,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	365	160	210	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	470	215	255	1,056,230	521,175	535,055
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	85	35	50	432,255	245,295	186,965	110	70	45	356,230	200,300	155,925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	57,600	95,000	73,000	80,000	65,000	97,000	84,000	97,000	72,500	79,000	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,000	68,000	88,000	94,000	107,000	76,900	94,000	92,000	96,000	93,600	105,800	77,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	55	45	374,345	173,060	201,290	130	55	70	309,535	144,060	165,475
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	27,000	23,800	20,400	23,400	18,400	35,600	42,000	29,400	20,400	23,000	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	30,000	22,000	33,960	40,480	28,360	48,000	50,000	46,000	33,600	39,360	28,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	84.0	79.0	86.6	90.2	81.4	86.0	88.0	84.0	86.4	90.0	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	74.0	66.0	70.6	74.0	65.6	64.0	72.0	56.0	71.0	74.2	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.4	14.0	21.2	13.4	9.8	18.5	14.2	11.6	16.4	13.6	10.1	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	x	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.7	1.2	x	2.0	1.3	1.0	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.6	7.2	6.2	5.0	3.9	6.5	2.9	2.9	2.9	5.2	4.2	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.8	6.8	5.2	4.5	3.6	5.7	2.3	2.4	2.4	4.7	3.9	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	395	185	210	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	495	230	265	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without total income	15	5	5	63,430	30,900	32,525	25	10	10	52,710	25,610	27,100
With total income	380	175	205	1,214,950	600,280	614,670	475	225	250	1,003,510	495,570	507,940
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	15	25	107,500	44,415	63,085	45	20	25	88,650	37,295	51,350
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	10	115,465	47,780	67,690	50	15	35	95,485	40,550	54,935
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	178,230	78,800	99,430	55	25	30	150,395	67,505	82,885
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	35	142,910	61,170	81,740	45	15	25	120,085	52,190	67,895
$40,000 to $49,999	40	10	25	122,655	55,960	66,690	40	20	25	102,800	47,405	55,400
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	101,530	48,280	53,245	40	20	25	84,010	40,150	43,855
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	85,080	42,725	42,355	30	15	15	69,945	34,995	34,950
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	68,705	36,885	31,825	35	20	10	56,175	29,855	26,315
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	53,900	30,515	23,385	20	10	15	43,630	24,315	19,315
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	15	45,345	25,570	19,775	20	10	5	36,520	20,230	16,285
$100,000 and over	45	30	15	193,625	128,165	65,460	100	60	40	155,825	101,065	54,765
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	113,250	69,295	43,955	55	30	25	90,875	54,255	36,615
$150,000 and over	15	5	0	80,375	58,870	21,505	50	35	15	64,950	46,810	18,145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	395	185	210	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	495	230	265	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	62,710	30,505	32,210	25	10	10	52,205	25,340	26,860
With after-tax income	380	175	205	1,215,660	600,680	614,985	475	225	250	1,004,020	495,845	508,175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	15	25	112,205	46,185	66,020	50	20	30	92,205	38,635	53,565
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	15	120,545	50,115	70,430	45	15	35	99,660	42,515	57,150
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	35	201,940	89,680	112,255	60	25	35	170,545	76,940	93,605
$30,000 to $39,999	55	15	35	166,565	73,405	93,160	50	20	25	139,800	62,515	77,285
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	30	143,135	67,430	75,705	60	25	35	119,345	56,570	62,770
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	20	114,565	57,190	57,380	40	20	20	94,265	46,850	47,410
$60,000 to $69,999	20	15	10	87,375	47,045	40,330	35	25	15	71,155	37,840	33,320
$70,000 to $79,999	25	5	20	65,115	36,810	28,305	25	15	15	52,530	29,120	23,415
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	51,690	28,935	22,760	20	10	5	41,555	22,700	18,850
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	35,160	21,215	13,945	15	10	5	28,220	16,610	11,610
$100,000 and over	20	15	10	117,360	82,665	34,700	75	45	30	94,730	65,540	29,195
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	5	48,950	32,240	16,710	35	20	20	39,250	25,260	13,985
$125,000 and over	15	5	0	68,410	50,430	17,985	40	30	15	55,485	40,285	15,205
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	395	185	210	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	495	230	265	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without employment income	120	50	70	356,175	156,380	199,795	165	65	100	294,855	129,955	164,905
With employment income	275	135	140	922,200	474,800	447,395	335	165	165	761,365	391,235	370,135
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	116,020	54,130	61,895	35	25	15	93,565	43,905	49,665
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	15	73,350	31,190	42,165	30	15	15	61,265	26,265	35,000
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	10	101,970	44,705	57,260	30	10	15	84,600	37,635	46,965
$20,000 to $29,999	20	10	10	78,390	35,640	42,745	20	5	15	65,430	30,260	35,170
$30,000 to $39,999	30	10	15	73,695	34,455	39,235	20	5	15	62,020	29,540	32,480
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	15	71,335	34,515	36,815	25	5	20	60,110	29,420	30,685
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	67,050	32,805	34,245	20	5	10	56,160	27,655	28,505
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	60,120	30,900	29,220	20	10	10	50,010	25,670	24,345
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	49,420	27,665	21,750	25	20	10	40,770	22,575	18,195
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	40,555	23,400	17,160	20	5	10	33,160	18,845	14,315
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	15	37,010	20,630	16,375	10	5	5	29,855	16,295	13,560
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	153,280	104,755	48,525	85	50	30	124,415	83,170	41,245
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	61,175	36,970	24,210	30	15	15	49,530	29,135	20,400
$125,000 and over	15	10	5	92,100	67,780	24,320	50	35	15	74,880	54,035	20,845
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	395	185	210	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	495	230	265	1,056,225	521,185	535,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	375	175	200	1,186,950	585,375	601,575	460	215	245	980,505	483,190	497,310
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,000	37,200	44,400	53,200	37,600	52,800	66,500	45,600	43,600	51,200	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	375	175	200	1,187,385	585,475	601,910	460	215	245	980,815	483,265	497,550
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	37,600	34,000	40,000	46,400	34,400	46,400	56,400	40,000	39,200	44,800	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	160	185	1,090,850	548,795	542,060	440	210	230	897,540	451,120	446,420
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	45,600	32,000	43,600	52,800	35,600	46,800	62,800	41,600	43,200	51,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	275	135	135	923,490	475,205	448,285	345	175	170	762,840	391,880	370,965
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	45,600	35,600	44,800	53,600	37,600	54,800	66,500	46,000	44,400	51,600	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	150	180	1,003,255	489,055	514,200	375	180	195	833,025	405,905	427,120
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,400	930	4,240	1,190	960	3,040	1,260	900	5,400	1,140	950	2,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	5	15	85,480	38,765	46,720	25	10	15	70,610	32,260	38,350
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	x	x	6,450	5,680	7,200	5,120	x	x	6,600	5,840	7,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	365	160	210	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	350	145	210	1,186,410	585,100	601,310	440	215	220	980,005	482,985	497,015
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,600	44,000	52,000	65,500	80,000	51,400	67,200	74,000	60,400	64,200	77,400	51,450
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	350	145	210	1,186,820	585,185	601,635	440	215	220	980,295	483,045	497,250
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	38,000	45,200	52,650	62,600	43,000	54,600	59,600	50,000	51,800	60,800	43,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	140	200	1,091,545	549,110	542,435	410	205	205	897,990	451,595	446,395
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	42,000	45,600	65,600	80,800	50,200	64,400	72,500	56,400	64,500	78,300	50,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	260	110	140	923,490	475,385	448,110	295	160	140	762,865	392,125	370,740
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	46,000	55,000	64,100	77,600	49,760	60,400	65,000	55,000	63,450	75,800	50,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	290	110	180	1,003,375	489,190	514,180	370	170	200	833,205	406,035	427,170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	4,300	8,900	6,130	5,076	7,130	7,840	6,400	9,000	6,005	4,932	7,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	84,820	38,275	46,545	15	0	0	70,185	31,980	38,210
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,500	...	...	8,200	7,120	9,080	9,000	...	...	8,230	7,210	9,090
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	365	160	210	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	470	215	255	1,056,230	521,175	535,055
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	85	35	50	428,265	243,165	185,105	110	70	45	352,800	198,465	154,335
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	54,800	77,500	70,500	78,500	62,000	74,000	81,000	50,800	69,500	76,500	62,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	68,000	80,000	92,000	105,800	74,000	79,000	88,000	66,000	91,200	104,000	74,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	105	55	45	353,070	163,500	189,570	130	60	65	292,225	136,270	155,955
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,800	30,800	32,800	28,800	33,200	25,600	39,200	32,000	40,400	28,800	32,400	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,000	38,000	35,000	43,720	53,050	35,720	54,000	48,000	60,000	43,240	51,500	36,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	92.0	84.0	92.0	94.6	88.2	90.0	94.0	86.0	92.0	94.6	88.2
Employment income (%)	76.0	80.0	72.0	76.2	78.8	72.2	60.0	64.0	56.0	77.0	79.6	73.2
Government transfers (%)	12.2	7.2	15.4	7.9	5.3	11.9	9.9	6.8	13.6	7.9	5.4	11.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	x	0.9	0.6	1.4	0.5	x	x	0.9	0.6	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	245	...	...	502,305	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	151,765	...	...	55	...	...	132,690	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	50,400	...	...	57,600	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	44,000	...	...	50,800	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	140	...	...	452,860	...	...	190	...	...	369,610	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	131,600	...	...	114,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	106,600	...	...	95,000	...	...	104,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	151,830	...	...	55	...	...	132,725	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	67,800	...	...	60,000	...	...	67,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	55,250	...	...	52,000	...	...	55,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	452,795	...	...	180	...	...	369,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	152,800	...	...	131,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	109,000	...	...	122,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	245	...	...	502,305	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	6,730	...	...	5	...	...	5,975	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	3,245	...	...	0	...	...	2,895	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	4,475	...	...	0	...	...	3,930	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	6,245	...	...	0	...	...	5,410	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	16,055	...	...	5	...	...	14,160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	16,860	...	...	5	...	...	14,505	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	14,380	...	...	0	...	...	12,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	16,415	...	...	5	...	...	14,120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	17,790	...	...	5	...	...	15,160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	17,750	...	...	5	...	...	15,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	36,405	...	...	15	...	...	30,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	37,740	...	...	10	...	...	31,950	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	37,230	...	...	15	...	...	31,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	35,705	...	...	10	...	...	29,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	34,355	...	...	15	...	...	28,640	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	303,255	...	...	140	...	...	245,760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	74,975	...	...	35	...	...	61,565	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	58,215	...	...	30	...	...	47,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	76,310	...	...	35	...	...	61,440	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	93,755	...	...	45	...	...	75,515	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	245	...	...	502,305	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	7,625	...	...	5	...	...	6,665	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	3,380	...	...	0	...	...	2,985	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	4,615	...	...	0	...	...	4,035	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	6,745	...	...	0	...	...	5,855	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	17,335	...	...	5	...	...	15,290	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	19,015	...	...	5	...	...	16,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	16,770	...	...	0	...	...	14,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	19,345	...	...	0	...	...	16,635	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	21,320	...	...	5	...	...	18,230	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	21,155	...	...	5	...	...	18,030	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	44,695	...	...	25	...	...	37,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	45,520	...	...	15	...	...	38,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	44,095	...	...	15	...	...	36,910	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	42,705	...	...	10	...	...	35,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	38,715	...	...	20	...	...	31,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	251,600	...	...	120	...	...	203,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	78,970	...	...	45	...	...	64,210	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	56,565	...	...	20	...	...	45,680	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	116,060	...	...	55	...	...	93,720	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	431,155	...	...	185	...	...	350,080	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	151,045	...	...	80	...	...	119,715	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	209,715	...	...	70	...	...	170,690	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	155,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	131,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	56,700	...	...	30	...	...	47,790	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	75,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	68,500	...	...	90,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	85	40	45	223,225	113,580	109,645	65	25	40	196,265	100,210	96,060
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	42,000	55,600	44,400	46,000	43,200	52,000	55,600	51,200	44,000	45,200	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	36,400	48,400	40,000	40,800	38,800	46,000	48,800	45,600	39,600	40,000	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	431,010	...	...	185	...	...	350,020	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	153,400	...	...	131,000	...	...	151,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	109,000	...	...	122,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	151,205	...	...	80	...	...	119,860	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	113,400	...	...	84,000	...	...	113,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	209,670	...	...	60	...	...	170,590	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	180,800	...	...	160,000	...	...	178,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	144,600	...	...	132,000	...	...	143,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	56,445	...	...	35	...	...	47,630	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	90,200	...	...	160,000	...	...	89,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	78,200	...	...	130,000	...	...	77,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	100	30	70	223,320	113,715	109,605	55	30	30	196,265	100,075	96,185
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	52,000	56,000	60,050	61,950	58,050	60,000	64,000	56,000	59,850	61,150	58,550
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,000	44,000	50,000	49,640	50,640	48,560	52,000	56,000	52,000	49,480	50,080	48,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	475	220	250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	585	280	300	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
0 to 17 years	90	45	45	349,785	179,925	169,860	115	65	50	279,980	143,740	136,235
0 to 5 years	30	15	20	109,785	56,290	53,495	25	15	10	90,035	46,090	43,945
18 to 64 years	300	145	150	1,013,015	502,890	510,125	345	165	180	844,490	419,605	424,880
65 years and over	85	35	55	209,135	99,390	109,740	120	50	70	167,305	78,810	88,495
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	45	15	25	134,160	64,550	69,610	25	15	15	115,560	55,845	59,720
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	35,370	18,260	17,110	5	0	5	30,045	15,495	14,550
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	11,490	5,880	5,610	0	0	0	9,980	5,085	4,895
18 to 64 years	25	5	15	78,110	37,880	40,225	15	15	10	68,060	33,225	34,835
65 years and over	10	5	5	20,680	8,400	12,270	10	0	5	17,455	7,120	10,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	7.0	11.0	8.5	8.3	8.8	4.8	5.0	5.0	9.0	8.7	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	12.0	16.0	10.1	10.2	10.1	x	x	x	10.7	10.8	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.5	10.5	10.5	x	x	x	11.1	11.0	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.0	9.0	7.7	7.5	7.9	5.0	7.0	4.0	8.1	7.9	8.2
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	12.0	9.9	8.5	11.2	6.0	x	8.0	10.4	9.0	11.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	470	225	250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	585	280	305	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
0 to 17 years	90	45	45	349,790	179,930	169,855	115	60	55	279,975	143,740	136,235
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	109,785	56,290	53,500	30	15	15	90,035	46,090	43,945
18 to 64 years	295	145	155	1,013,015	502,890	510,130	350	170	180	844,490	419,610	424,880
65 years and over	85	35	50	209,130	99,390	109,740	120	50	70	167,305	78,810	88,495
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	15	15	81,680	42,310	39,370	15	5	10	74,755	38,790	35,970
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	18,085	9,305	8,780	0	0	0	16,260	8,345	7,910
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5,625	2,890	2,730	0	0	0	5,165	2,630	2,530
18 to 64 years	15	5	5	57,155	29,990	27,170	10	5	0	52,615	27,685	24,930
65 years and over	5	5	5	6,440	3,015	3,420	0	0	5	5,885	2,755	3,135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	2.4	2.0	2.5	5.8	6.0	5.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	x	16.0	5.2	5.2	5.2	x	x	x	5.8	5.8	5.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	5.1	5.1	5.1	x	x	x	5.7	5.7	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	6.0	4.0	5.6	6.0	5.3	2.5	3.0	x	6.2	6.6	5.9
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	x	3.1	3.0	3.1	x	x	x	3.5	3.5	3.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	475	220	250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	585	285	300	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
In bottom half of the distribution	245	120	125	673,690	328,825	344,865	180	75	100	567,165	277,385	289,775
In bottom decile	40	20	25	124,250	62,485	61,770	20	10	10	107,675	54,440	53,230
In second decile	70	40	30	132,700	62,320	70,380	45	20	25	113,610	53,540	60,065
In third decile	50	25	25	133,855	64,900	68,960	25	10	15	112,705	54,705	58,005
In fourth decile	40	20	20	138,980	68,120	70,855	40	15	25	115,075	56,390	58,690
In fifth decile	45	25	25	143,905	71,000	72,900	45	20	30	118,100	58,310	59,790
In top half of the distribution	225	100	125	898,245	453,385	444,865	405	205	205	724,605	364,770	359,830
In sixth decile	40	15	20	150,845	75,135	75,710	60	30	35	122,380	60,845	61,535
In seventh decile	40	15	20	155,985	78,075	77,910	75	40	35	125,895	62,890	63,005
In eighth decile	40	15	25	164,975	82,995	81,980	65	35	35	132,170	66,300	65,865
In ninth decile	55	30	30	181,315	91,520	89,795	70	35	35	145,410	73,125	72,290
In top decile	50	30	25	245,130	125,660	119,470	130	70	60	198,750	101,615	97,135
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	470	...	...	1,571,935	...	...	585	...	...	1,291,770	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.322	...	...	0.374	...	...	0.330	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.424	...	...	0.467	...	...	0.404	...	...	0.471	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.292	...	...	0.326	...	...	0.287	...	...	0.327	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	585	280	305	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English only	430	205	225	1,440,365	723,615	716,745	515	250	270	1,177,415	591,385	586,025
French only	0	0	0	980	425	555	0	0	0	825	350	480
English and French	25	15	15	103,090	47,140	55,945	65	30	30	85,355	39,160	46,200
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	34,235	13,810	20,420	5	0	0	32,520	13,125	19,395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	585	280	305	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English	450	215	240	1,517,390	757,800	759,590	570	275	295	1,240,980	619,695	621,280
French	10	5	5	20,675	10,250	10,425	5	5	5	16,810	8,335	8,480
English and French	0	0	0	7,260	3,590	3,675	5	5	5	6,620	3,275	3,345
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	33,340	13,355	19,985	5	0	0	31,705	12,710	18,995
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	585	280	305	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
Single responses	440	215	230	1,505,615	749,475	756,135	565	270	295	1,229,455	611,620	617,835
Official languages	275	130	150	1,090,565	550,685	539,875	485	235	245	846,405	428,260	418,145
English	270	125	145	1,070,475	540,715	529,760	470	230	245	830,305	420,265	410,040
French	10	5	5	20,090	9,970	10,115	10	5	5	16,100	7,990	8,105
Non-official languages	170	80	85	415,050	198,790	216,260	80	35	45	383,050	183,360	199,690
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	645	270	380	0	0	0	580	240	345
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	445	180	265	0	0	0	415	165	250
Blackfoot	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0	175	80	90
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	185	70	120
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	185	70	120
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	35	0	0	0	50	15	30
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	55	80	0	0	0	125	45	75
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	55	15	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	45	15	35
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	50	30	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	80	30	55
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Stoney	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	60	20	40
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	80	85	414,405	198,525	215,885	80	35	45	382,470	183,120	199,345
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	35,495	18,255	17,240	5	5	5	34,290	17,610	16,680
Berber languages	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0	125	70	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0	90	45	45
Tamazight	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hausa	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mina	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	3,200	1,600	1,600	0	0	0	3,165	1,585	1,580
Bilen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0	170	85	85
Oromo	0	0	0	1,395	700	700	0	0	0	1,370	685	685
Somali	0	0	0	1,615	800	815	0	0	0	1,600	795	805
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0	25	20	5
Semitic languages	5	5	5	32,085	16,545	15,535	5	5	5	30,935	15,925	15,005
Amharic	0	0	0	4,515	2,170	2,345	0	0	0	4,460	2,140	2,315
Arabic	5	5	5	21,355	11,215	10,145	5	5	5	20,395	10,695	9,705
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	660	325	340	0	0	0	635	305	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	350	175	170	0	0	0	325	160	165
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	215	100	110
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	40	55	0	0	0	95	40	55
Harari	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	25
Hebrew	0	0	0	480	240	240	0	0	0	455	225	230
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	4,965	2,545	2,420	0	0	0	4,890	2,510	2,380
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	14,785	6,645	8,140	0	0	0	13,755	6,180	7,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	870	400	465	0	0	0	795	365	425
Vietnamese	0	0	0	13,810	6,185	7,625	0	0	0	12,855	5,750	7,100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	110	60	50
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	55,755	24,650	31,110	10	0	5	51,040	22,530	28,505
Bikol	0	0	0	235	105	130	0	0	0	195	85	110
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	970	415	555	0	0	0	865	370	495
Cebuano	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,115	0	0	0	1,840	815	1,020
Fijian	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,070	460	610	0	0	0	955	405	550
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,610	1,630	1,980	0	0	0	3,435	1,545	1,890
Indonesian	0	0	0	700	280	420	0	0	0	665	270	395
Kankanaey	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0	190	80	110
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0	85	40	40
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	30	15	10
Merina	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	135	65	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	510	240	265	0	0	0	460	225	240
Pangasinan	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	195	95	100
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	45,300	20,005	25,290	5	0	5	41,375	18,235	23,135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	155	75	75
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	465	195	270	0	0	0	420	180	235
Creole languages	0	0	0	605	300	310	0	0	0	560	275	285
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	165	75	85
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Krio	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	55	25	30
Morisyen	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	95	50	50
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0	145	75	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	80	40	40
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	6,750	3,470	3,280	0	0	0	6,430	3,300	3,125
Kannada	0	0	0	355	180	180	0	0	0	355	180	175
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,805	1,410	1,390	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,320
Tamil	0	0	0	2,215	1,160	1,060	0	0	0	2,095	1,095	1,000
Telugu	0	0	0	1,295	685	610	0	0	0	1,255	660	595
Tulu	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	50	25	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	120	70	55	0	0	0	120	70	55
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30	203,750	100,055	103,695	45	20	25	182,725	89,715	93,015
Albanian	0	0	0	1,375	725	650	0	0	0	1,330	695	630
Armenian	0	0	0	275	135	140	0	0	0	260	135	125
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	30,225	13,960	16,270	10	0	5	27,355	12,635	14,725
Baltic languages	0	0	0	490	225	260	0	0	0	435	205	230
Latvian	0	0	0	185	80	100	0	0	0	170	75	95
Lithuanian	0	0	0	305	145	160	0	0	0	270	130	140
Slavic languages	15	5	5	29,740	13,735	16,005	10	0	5	26,925	12,430	14,490
Belarusian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	820	410	405	0	0	0	785	395	390
Czech	0	0	0	1,405	645	760	0	0	0	1,190	545	650
Macedonian	0	0	0	160	80	75	0	0	0	135	70	70
Polish	5	5	5	7,595	3,540	4,050	5	5	5	6,845	3,190	3,650
Russian	0	0	0	10,165	4,510	5,660	0	0	0	9,460	4,205	5,255
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,905	2,385	2,520	0	0	0	4,440	2,150	2,290
Bosnian	0	0	0	895	435	460	0	0	0	780	380	405
Croatian	0	0	0	2,000	960	1,045	0	0	0	1,755	830	925
Serbian	0	0	0	1,935	950	980	0	0	0	1,830	900	925
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0	75	40	35
Slovak	0	0	0	1,085	545	545	0	0	0	940	465	475
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0	195	85	110
Ukrainian	5	0	5	3,340	1,500	1,840	0	0	0	2,900	1,315	1,585
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	125	65	55	0	0	0	100	55	45
Irish	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	20	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	40	25	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	17,580	8,490	9,090	10	5	5	12,360	5,935	6,430
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
High German languages	0	0	0	10,660	5,055	5,600	5	5	0	7,370	3,450	3,915
German	0	0	0	10,230	4,840	5,390	5	5	0	7,100	3,315	3,790
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	365	190	180	0	0	0	210	105	100
Yiddish	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	55	25	30
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	5,565	2,755	2,810	5	5	0	3,940	1,950	1,990
Afrikaans	0	0	0	1,230	595	640	5	0	0	905	445	455
Dutch	5	0	0	3,870	1,930	1,935	0	0	5	2,750	1,370	1,375
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0	20	15	10
Low Saxon	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	295	135	165	0	0	0	180	75	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	70	35	35
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,290	635	650	0	0	0	1,000	495	505
Danish	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0	560	295	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	210	90	115	0	0	0	165	70	95
Swedish	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0	235	110	125
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	25	15	5
Greek	0	0	0	1,520	710	805	0	0	0	1,385	640	745
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	106,625	53,665	52,955	0	0	0	98,325	49,490	48,840
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	93,240	46,930	46,305	0	0	0	85,530	43,050	42,485
Assamese	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bengali	5	5	0	4,455	2,230	2,230	0	0	0	4,350	2,175	2,180
Gujarati	0	0	0	6,565	3,380	3,180	0	0	0	6,290	3,245	3,045
Hindi	10	5	0	8,495	4,290	4,205	0	0	0	7,905	3,990	3,920
Kacchi	0	0	0	1,080	475	605	0	0	0	1,030	455	580
Kashmiri	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	75	40	35
Konkani	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0	160	75	85
Marathi	0	0	0	995	500	495	0	0	0	980	495	480
Nepali	0	0	0	2,265	1,175	1,095	0	0	0	2,195	1,135	1,065
Oriya languages	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	95	50	40
Odia	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	55	30	25
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	49,105	24,690	24,420	0	0	0	43,685	21,975	21,710
Rohingya	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	305	160	145	0	0	0	285	150	135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,030	505	525	0	0	0	960	475	490
Urdu	10	0	5	17,875	8,975	8,905	0	0	0	16,835	8,445	8,390
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	645	340	305	0	0	0	625	330	290
Iranian languages	0	0	0	13,350	6,720	6,630	0	0	0	12,760	6,425	6,335
Baluchi	0	0	0	50	30	15	0	0	0	50	30	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,100	540	565	0	0	0	1,055	515	540
Parsi	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	2,020	1,035	990	0	0	0	1,960	1,000	960
Persian languages	0	0	0	10,100	5,080	5,020	0	0	0	9,625	4,835	4,780
Dari	0	0	0	3,045	1,520	1,525	0	0	0	2,800	1,400	1,395
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0	5,565	2,800	2,765
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,345	685	660	0	0	0	1,255	635	620
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	45,970	22,265	23,700	20	10	10	41,550	20,105	21,450
Catalan	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	45	15	25
Italian	0	0	0	4,625	2,335	2,285	0	0	0	4,100	2,060	2,040
Portuguese	0	0	0	4,540	2,160	2,375	0	0	0	4,065	1,935	2,125
Romanian	0	0	0	4,585	2,265	2,315	0	0	0	4,155	2,045	2,115
Spanish	5	0	0	32,170	15,475	16,695	15	10	10	29,175	14,035	15,135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	55	25	30
Japanese	5	0	5	2,395	800	1,595	0	0	0	2,195	735	1,455
Korean	5	0	5	10,745	4,940	5,800	5	0	0	10,205	4,705	5,510
Mongolian	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0	450	200	245
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	6,430	3,245	3,185	0	0	0	5,870	2,945	2,920
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	705	360	340	0	0	0	620	315	305
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	10	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	90	45	40
Éwé	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	50	30	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ga	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	35	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	60	25	30
Gikuyu	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	55	25	30
Igbo	0	0	0	775	400	375	0	0	0	730	380	355
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	200	95	100	0	0	0	190	95	95
Lingala	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	55	30	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	25	5	15
Mòoré	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0	115	55	60
Ndebele	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	85	40	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0	140	60	80
Shona	0	0	0	340	155	185	0	0	0	290	130	155
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	35	15	25
Swahili	0	0	0	790	385	410	0	0	0	725	355	380
Wojenaka	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	80	40	45
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,845	970	875	0	0	0	1,685	880	805
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	765	375	395	0	0	0	700	335	360
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0	1,270	640	625
Dinka	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0	535	295	240
Nuer	0	0	0	385	170	215	0	0	0	375	165	215
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	160	160	0	0	0	305	155	155
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0	55	35	25
Sign languages	0	0	0	275	145	130	0	0	0	230	115	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0	185	100	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	68,720	31,925	36,790	10	5	0	67,255	31,260	36,000
Chinese languages	75	35	35	67,430	31,300	36,130	5	5	0	65,980	30,640	35,335
Hakka	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0	280	135	150
Mandarin	55	30	25	31,950	14,765	17,190	0	0	0	31,270	14,465	16,810
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,235	520	710	0	0	0	1,205	515	690
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	260	125	130	0	0	0	250	125	125
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	5	32,755	15,315	17,435	5	5	0	32,065	14,990	17,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	865	390	470	0	0	0	840	380	460
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,245	600	640	0	0	0	1,235	600	635
Burmese	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0	255	120	135
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	90	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0	220	110	115
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0	170	85	85
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0	55	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	635	320	325	0	0	0	635	320	325
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	45	25	25
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,240	435	800	0	0	0	1,070	390	685
Lao	0	0	0	460	220	245	0	0	0	415	195	215
Thai	0	0	0	740	205	535	0	0	0	620	175	445
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	35	15	20
Turkic languages	0	0	0	1,955	1,050	900	0	0	0	1,870	1,000	865
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	245	135	110	0	0	0	240	135	110
Kazakh	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	55	20	35
Turkish	0	0	0	1,405	770	635	0	0	0	1,340	730	610
Uyghur	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	65	30	35
Uzbek	0	0	0	105	60	50	0	0	0	95	45	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	65	30	40
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,910	0	0	0	3,070	1,415	1,655
Estonian	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	70	35	35
Finnish	0	0	0	305	105	200	0	0	0	240	85	155
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,155	1,490	1,665	0	0	0	2,765	1,300	1,465
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0	60	35	25
Multiple responses	30	10	15	73,050	35,515	37,535	25	15	10	66,660	32,400	34,265
English and French	0	0	0	6,360	3,080	3,285	5	5	0	5,245	2,530	2,715
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	58,650	28,715	29,930	15	5	10	53,970	26,410	27,560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,230	605	630	0	0	0	1,145	565	580
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,130	525	605	5	0	5	1,015	465	545
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,680	2,595	3,085	5	5	0	5,295	2,430	2,865
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	585	280	305	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English	275	130	150	1,104,225	556,180	548,045	480	235	245	858,205	432,905	425,300
French	0	0	0	4,775	2,390	2,390	0	0	0	3,800	1,885	1,915
Non-official language	50	25	25	127,600	60,835	66,760	15	5	5	119,530	56,930	62,595
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	45	20	20
Non-Indigenous	50	25	25	127,540	60,810	66,730	15	5	5	119,485	56,915	62,570
English and French	5	0	5	14,755	6,925	7,835	15	10	5	12,035	5,650	6,380
English and non-official language(s)	130	60	70	306,635	148,985	157,650	65	30	40	283,170	137,555	145,610
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	570	255	315	0	0	0	525	235	290
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	7,715	3,605	4,105	5	5	5	6,990	3,275	3,715
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	12,395	5,820	6,575	0	0	0	11,860	5,575	6,290
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	585	280	305	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
Single responses	450	210	240	1,503,115	748,130	754,985	555	265	290	1,226,245	609,935	616,315
Official languages	325	150	180	1,243,700	622,455	621,250	530	255	270	983,495	492,440	491,055
English	330	150	175	1,236,475	618,890	617,585	530	255	270	977,675	489,585	488,090
French	0	0	0	7,230	3,560	3,665	0	0	0	5,820	2,860	2,965
Non-official languages	125	55	65	259,415	125,675	133,740	30	15	10	242,750	117,500	125,255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0	105	40	60
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	65	30	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	15	5	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	20	5	15
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	20	5	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	55	65	259,295	125,620	133,675	30	15	10	242,650	117,455	125,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	22,515	11,260	11,260	0	0	0	21,960	10,980	10,975
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hausa	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,040	1,105	0	0	0	2,135	1,040	1,100
Bilen	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0	130	65	70
Oromo	0	0	0	1,005	505	505	0	0	0	995	495	495
Somali	0	0	0	1,010	470	535	0	0	0	1,010	470	535
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20,280	10,165	10,115	0	0	0	19,740	9,895	9,845
Amharic	0	0	0	2,840	1,335	1,500	0	0	0	2,800	1,320	1,485
Arabic	0	0	0	12,825	6,490	6,335	0	0	0	12,395	6,275	6,120
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	510	250	265	0	0	0	485	230	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	265	130	135	0	0	0	250	120	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0	150	75	80
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	85	45	45
Harari	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	245	125	125	0	0	0	235	115	115
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	3,805	1,940	1,865	0	0	0	3,765	1,920	1,845
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	9,940	4,535	5,405	0	0	0	9,355	4,270	5,090
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	465	205	260	0	0	0	430	190	240
Vietnamese	0	0	0	9,395	4,280	5,110	0	0	0	8,840	4,030	4,810
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	80	45	35
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35,275	16,595	18,675	0	0	0	32,480	15,230	17,250
Bikol	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0	75	35	35
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	505	240	265	0	0	0	470	220	245
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,190	580	605	0	0	0	1,090	530	560
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	580	280	295	0	0	0	520	250	270
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,225	1,035	1,185	0	0	0	2,135	990	1,150
Indonesian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	225	115	110
Kankanaey	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	110	50	55
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	50	30	20
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	15	5	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	255	130	130	0	0	0	240	120	120
Pangasinan	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	50	25	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	29,630	13,885	15,750	0	0	0	27,210	12,710	14,500
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	70	40	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	205	100	110	0	0	0	180	90	90
Creole languages	0	0	0	340	160	180	0	0	0	325	155	170
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	115	60	60	0	0	0	115	60	60
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Krio	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	20	15	10
Morisyen	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0	70	35	40
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	70	35	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	35	10	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	4,410	2,205	2,205	0	0	0	4,160	2,085	2,080
Kannada	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0	190	90	95
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,900	940	960	0	0	0	1,785	890	900
Tamil	0	0	0	1,495	760	730	0	0	0	1,395	710	680
Telugu	0	0	0	785	390	395	0	0	0	760	375	380
Tulu	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	75	40	30
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	25	122,940	60,715	62,220	15	5	10	112,245	55,440	56,805
Albanian	0	0	0	625	330	295	0	0	0	610	325	290
Armenian	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	140	65	75
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	14,005	6,710	7,295	5	5	5	12,980	6,225	6,760
Baltic languages	0	0	0	215	110	105	0	0	0	195	95	95
Latvian	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	70	40	35
Lithuanian	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0	120	60	60
Slavic languages	5	0	5	13,790	6,605	7,190	5	5	5	12,790	6,130	6,660
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	380	180	195	0	0	0	360	175	185
Czech	0	0	0	410	190	220	0	0	0	345	160	185
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0	70	35	35
Polish	5	0	0	3,015	1,450	1,560	5	5	5	2,795	1,345	1,455
Russian	0	0	0	6,450	3,065	3,385	0	0	0	6,055	2,880	3,170
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	2,020	980	1,035	0	0	0	1,860	905	960
Bosnian	0	0	0	370	180	185	0	0	0	315	155	160
Croatian	0	0	0	715	335	375	0	0	0	650	300	350
Serbian	0	0	0	925	460	465	0	0	0	895	440	450
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0	350	165	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	980	470	515	0	0	0	905	435	470
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15	0	0	0	15	5	10
Irish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,010	1,440	1,570	0	0	0	1,535	735	805
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
High German languages	0	0	0	1,705	825	880	0	0	0	665	320	345
German	0	0	0	1,630	785	845	0	0	0	640	305	335
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,120	530	590	0	0	0	725	345	380
Afrikaans	0	0	0	635	305	330	0	0	0	435	215	225
Dutch	0	0	0	455	210	245	0	0	0	275	125	150
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	5	10
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0	130	60	75
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0	70	30	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	480	215	265	0	0	0	430	185	245
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	79,180	39,590	39,590	0	0	0	73,220	36,630	36,595
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	10	70,335	35,225	35,110	0	0	0	64,720	32,425	32,290
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bengali	5	5	0	2,975	1,455	1,520	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,225	2,175	2,045	0	0	0	4,045	2,085	1,960
Hindi	5	5	5	5,510	2,770	2,740	0	0	0	5,165	2,605	2,565
Kacchi	0	0	0	580	245	340	0	0	0	565	235	325
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	50	25	30
Konkani	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	70	35	35
Marathi	0	0	0	575	285	285	0	0	0	565	285	280
Nepali	0	0	0	1,590	815	775	0	0	0	1,565	805	765
Oriya languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	40,675	20,425	20,245	0	0	0	36,445	18,325	18,120
Rohingya	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	170	90	85	0	0	0	165	85	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	555	270	285	0	0	0	520	255	265
Urdu	5	0	5	12,930	6,420	6,510	0	0	0	12,250	6,075	6,175
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	175	185	0	0	0	340	165	175
Iranian languages	0	0	0	8,825	4,360	4,475	0	0	0	8,490	4,190	4,295
Baluchi	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	750	360	395	0	0	0	735	355	380
Parsi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	1,250	635	615	0	0	0	1,215	625	595
Persian languages	0	0	0	6,765	3,325	3,435	0	0	0	6,470	3,185	3,285
Dari	0	0	0	1,880	905	970	0	0	0	1,710	830	880
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	3,970	1,965	2,015	0	0	0	3,900	1,930	1,975
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	910	460	455	0	0	0	860	430	430
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	25,440	12,340	13,100	10	5	5	23,265	11,255	12,015
Catalan	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italian	0	0	0	1,000	450	550	0	0	0	945	425	520
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,410	1,180	1,230	0	0	0	2,220	1,090	1,125
Romanian	0	0	0	2,175	1,085	1,085	0	0	0	1,980	980	995
Spanish	5	5	5	19,825	9,605	10,215	10	5	5	18,095	8,740	9,360
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	1,160	495	665	0	0	0	1,075	455	615
Korean	10	5	5	8,130	3,835	4,295	0	0	0	7,740	3,650	4,090
Mongolian	0	0	0	305	135	170	0	0	0	305	135	170
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0	2,045	965	1,080
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	335	160	170	0	0	0	315	155	160
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Éwé	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	45	25	25
Ga	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gikuyu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0	195	100	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	80	40	45
Lingala	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	35	10	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	20	10	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	40	20	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	55	25	30
Shona	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0	85	35	50
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0	275	125	145
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	50	25	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	315	345	0	0	0	615	290	325
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0	150	65	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	720	360	360	0	0	0	700	350	350
Dinka	0	0	0	340	190	150	0	0	0	325	185	145
Nuer	0	0	0	260	115	145	0	0	0	255	110	145
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	65	0	0	0	120	60	60
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	450	260	190	0	0	0	380	210	165
American Sign Language	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0	295	160	135
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0	80	50	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	47,945	22,570	25,375	5	5	5	47,145	22,180	24,965
Chinese languages	60	30	30	47,025	22,110	24,915	5	5	5	46,220	21,715	24,505
Hakka	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0	80	30	50
Mandarin	45	25	25	23,970	11,440	12,530	0	0	0	23,495	11,210	12,290
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	465	185	280	0	0	0	460	185	280
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0	150	75	75
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	21,815	10,130	11,685	5	5	5	21,510	9,980	11,530
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	500	225	275	0	0	0	500	230	270
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	915	460	455	0	0	0	910	460	455
Burmese	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0	160	75	80
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	85	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	165	80	85
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0	125	65	60
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0	485	250	235
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	500	230	270	0	0	0	435	205	230
Lao	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	175	80	95
Thai	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	240	110	125
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	0	0	0	1,185	600	580	0	0	0	1,135	580	560
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0	120	55	65
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Turkish	0	0	0	935	480	455	0	0	0	910	470	440
Uyghur	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	40	15	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,205	575	625	0	0	0	1,065	505	555
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,135	540	590	0	0	0	1,025	490	540
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	25	15	10	75,555	36,865	38,685	25	10	20	69,870	34,085	35,785
English and French	0	0	0	2,955	1,435	1,520	5	5	0	2,485	1,205	1,285
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	69,995	34,230	35,770	20	10	10	64,950	31,765	33,190
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	260	115	140	0	0	0	240	105	135
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	710	320	385	5	0	5	640	290	350
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,630	760	875	0	0	0	1,550	715	835
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	470	225	250	1,578,665	784,995	793,670	585	280	305	1,296,115	644,020	652,100
None	350	170	180	1,298,665	649,700	648,965	520	255	265	1,038,845	519,700	519,145
English	65	30	40	104,745	51,660	53,085	10	5	5	97,335	47,975	49,365
French	5	0	5	11,450	5,290	6,160	5	5	5	9,450	4,360	5,090
Non-official language	35	15	20	127,610	60,685	66,920	40	15	25	116,850	55,575	61,275
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	635	285	350	0	0	0	600	265	330
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	126,970	60,410	66,565	40	15	25	116,250	55,305	60,945
English and French	0	0	0	1,340	640	705	0	0	0	1,235	595	640
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	16,885	8,395	8,490	0	0	0	15,885	7,880	8,005
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	3,660	1,690	1,970	0	0	0	3,285	1,535	1,755
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	215	120	95	0	0	0	190	105	90
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	14,095	6,810	7,285	5	0	0	13,040	6,300	6,735
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	430	190	240	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	575	280	295	1,291,770	642,130	649,635
Official languages	425	180	240	1,537,720	768,345	769,380	560	275	295	1,259,370	628,960	630,410
English	425	180	240	1,536,650	767,865	768,785	560	275	295	1,258,480	628,565	629,915
French	25	15	10	103,915	47,090	56,830	50	30	25	86,135	39,155	46,980
Non-official languages	155	85	75	562,910	270,945	291,960	110	55	65	518,025	249,240	268,785
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	1,740	685	1,050	0	0	0	1,600	630	965
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,155	440	720	0	0	0	1,045	395	650
Blackfoot	0	0	0	470	190	280	0	0	0	460	180	275
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0	520	215	305
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0	520	215	305
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	260	80	185	0	0	0	220	65	155
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0	25	25	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	115	155	0	0	0	235	105	130
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0	120	40	85
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0	120	40	85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	55	10	45
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	50	15	30
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	235	95	135	0	0	0	225	90	135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0	215	85	130
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	25	15	15
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	170	70	100	0	0	0	170	70	100
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0	35	10	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0	35	10	30
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0	215	115	100
Assiniboine	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dakota	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	20	20	0
Stoney	0	0	0	175	90	90	0	0	0	170	90	80
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-Indigenous languages	155	85	75	561,340	270,320	291,010	110	55	65	516,570	248,665	267,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	54,595	28,250	26,345	0	0	0	52,310	27,045	25,265
Berber languages	0	0	0	300	185	110	0	0	0	275	175	95
Kabyle	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0	165	90	70
Tamazight	0	0	0	80	60	20	0	0	0	80	60	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	30	10	0	0	0	25	25	10
Chadic languages	0	0	0	365	225	145	0	0	0	350	215	135
Hausa	0	0	0	360	220	145	0	0	0	340	210	135
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	85	35	45
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	4,720	2,480	2,245	0	0	0	4,685	2,455	2,225
Bilen	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0	235	130	105
Oromo	0	0	0	2,115	1,125	990	0	0	0	2,085	1,115	970
Somali	0	0	0	2,430	1,265	1,170	0	0	0	2,420	1,260	1,165
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50,645	26,150	24,495	0	0	0	48,400	24,960	23,435
Amharic	0	0	0	8,465	4,170	4,295	0	0	0	8,360	4,130	4,230
Arabic	0	0	0	35,250	18,505	16,750	0	0	0	33,325	17,480	15,845
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	850	490	360	0	0	0	820	480	345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	365	215	145	0	0	0	345	210	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0	370	210	160
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0	120	65	50
Harari	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	80	45	35
Hebrew	0	0	0	2,110	1,085	1,025	0	0	0	1,975	1,000	975
Maltese	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	7,675	3,920	3,755	0	0	0	7,570	3,870	3,695
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	90	40	0	0	0	125	90	40
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20,885	9,635	11,250	0	0	0	19,430	8,935	10,495
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	1,270	610	655	0	0	0	1,135	540	595
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,415	8,900	10,515	0	0	0	18,090	8,270	9,820
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	280	160	120	0	0	0	270	150	120
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	76,815	33,930	42,890	0	0	0	70,310	31,065	39,240
Bikol	0	0	0	635	325	305	0	0	0	505	265	240
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,175	510	660	0	0	0	1,065	475	595
Cebuano	0	0	0	3,705	1,700	2,000	0	0	0	3,285	1,510	1,775
Fijian	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	90	50	40
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,455	620	835	0	0	0	1,265	525	735
Ilocano	0	0	0	6,615	2,860	3,755	0	0	0	6,395	2,785	3,610
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,290	595	695	0	0	0	1,175	545	635
Kankanaey	0	0	0	250	105	145	0	0	0	250	105	145
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	85	50	35
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	40	20	20
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0	780	350	430
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	520	675	0	0	0	1,130	490	635
Pangasinan	0	0	0	550	285	260	0	0	0	460	235	225
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	72,900	32,140	40,755	0	0	0	66,715	29,420	37,300
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	460	225	235	0	0	0	390	190	200
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,975	875	1,100	0	0	0	1,700	770	925
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,035	0	0	0	1,915	975	940
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	625	330	300	0	0	0	540	285	255
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0	135	55	80
Krio	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	125	60	60
Morisyen	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0	355	170	185
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	480	275	205	0	0	0	475	275	205
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	535	260	280	0	0	0	470	225	240
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,600	5,455	5,140	0	0	0	10,080	5,160	4,920
Kannada	0	0	0	1,100	560	540	0	0	0	1,075	550	530
Malayalam	0	0	0	3,955	2,035	1,920	0	0	0	3,775	1,935	1,840
Tamil	0	0	0	4,435	2,275	2,160	0	0	0	4,200	2,140	2,055
Telugu	0	0	0	2,440	1,295	1,145	0	0	0	2,335	1,220	1,115
Tulu	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	70	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	220	120	100	0	0	0	220	120	100
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	25	286,570	140,880	145,685	80	35	45	257,340	126,440	130,900
Albanian	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855	0	0	0	1,825	990	840
Armenian	0	0	0	465	265	200	0	0	0	460	265	195
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,905	17,730	20,175	0	0	0	34,205	16,055	18,150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	540	245	295	0	0	0	485	220	270
Latvian	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	155	65	90
Lithuanian	0	0	0	370	170	205	0	0	0	330	155	175
Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,610	17,610	20,005	0	0	0	33,920	15,935	17,985
Belarusian	0	0	0	100	35	65	0	0	0	85	30	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,020	460	560	0	0	0	985	445	540
Czech	0	0	0	2,215	1,125	1,090	0	0	0	1,940	970	970
Macedonian	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0	290	135	150
Polish	0	0	0	9,380	4,430	4,950	0	0	0	8,485	4,025	4,460
Russian	0	0	0	15,410	7,245	8,165	0	0	0	14,155	6,685	7,470
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	6,725	3,165	3,560	0	0	0	6,010	2,820	3,195
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,790	855	935	0	0	0	1,560	745	810
Croatian	0	0	0	3,390	1,585	1,805	0	0	0	3,010	1,400	1,615
Serbian	0	0	0	3,095	1,465	1,630	0	0	0	2,905	1,385	1,520
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	120	55	65
Slovak	0	0	0	1,530	715	820	0	0	0	1,295	590	700
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	335	130	205	0	0	0	280	115	165
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,720	0	0	0	4,265	1,890	2,375
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	495	275	220	0	0	0	435	245	190
Irish	0	0	0	235	135	100	0	0	0	205	125	85
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	85	35	40
Welsh	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0	135	80	60
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	27,795	13,485	14,310	25	10	15	21,235	10,295	10,935
Frisian	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	55	20	35
High German languages	10	10	0	18,325	8,925	9,400	15	10	10	14,220	6,860	7,360
German	10	10	0	17,910	8,715	9,200	15	10	10	13,950	6,720	7,235
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	615	280	330	0	0	0	350	165	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0	110	65	40
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	8,180	4,120	4,060	0	0	0	5,870	2,990	2,885
Afrikaans	0	0	0	2,455	1,270	1,190	0	0	0	1,785	960	825
Dutch	0	0	0	5,235	2,625	2,610	0	0	0	3,780	1,890	1,885
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	60	35	0	0	0	40	25	15
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	380	165	215	0	0	0	230	90	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	155	85	75	0	0	0	125	60	65
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290	0	0	0	1,920	895	1,030
Danish	0	0	0	1,245	635	615	0	0	0	940	480	460
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	15	40	0	0	0	50	15	35
Norwegian	0	0	0	470	185	285	0	0	0	380	165	215
Swedish	0	0	0	715	315	395	0	0	0	630	275	355
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	2,370	1,185	1,180	0	0	0	2,155	1,065	1,090
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	143,590	72,720	70,870	0	0	0	132,795	67,155	65,640
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	128,685	65,260	63,425	0	0	0	118,560	60,020	58,540
Assamese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	80	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	6,180	3,115	3,065	0	0	0	6,005	3,015	2,990
Gujarati	15	10	0	11,255	5,745	5,515	0	0	0	10,800	5,485	5,315
Hindi	0	0	0	45,340	22,980	22,370	0	0	0	42,160	21,290	20,875
Kacchi	0	0	0	2,325	1,035	1,300	0	0	0	2,245	985	1,260
Kashmiri	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	190	95	95
Konkani	0	0	0	460	215	250	0	0	0	425	200	230
Marathi	0	0	0	2,295	1,185	1,110	0	0	0	2,245	1,150	1,095
Nepali	0	0	0	3,010	1,565	1,450	0	0	0	2,880	1,485	1,395
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0	105	45	55
Odia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50	0	0	0	85	40	50
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	68,525	34,920	33,610	0	0	0	61,205	31,170	30,030
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	685	385	300	0	0	0	630	360	270
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,450	700	750	0	0	0	1,330	640	690
Urdu	0	0	0	31,710	16,195	15,515	0	0	0	29,980	15,280	14,705
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,400	750	650	0	0	0	1,355	730	625
Iranian languages	0	0	0	17,245	8,665	8,570	0	0	0	16,480	8,290	8,195
Baluchi	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,425	720	705	0	0	0	1,360	690	670
Parsi	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,985	1,510	1,475	0	0	0	2,930	1,485	1,445
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,270	6,700	6,570	0	0	0	12,595	6,355	6,230
Dari	0	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,440	0	0	0	4,430	2,165	2,265
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	6,985	3,590	3,390	0	0	0	6,735	3,460	3,275
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,715	895	820	0	0	0	1,605	835	770
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0	160	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0	165	90	75
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	80,155	38,210	41,945	55	30	25	71,550	34,010	37,540
Catalan	0	0	0	110	45	65	0	0	0	100	45	60
Italian	10	0	10	9,805	4,810	4,985	0	0	0	8,730	4,240	4,490
Portuguese	0	0	0	6,925	3,405	3,515	0	0	0	6,170	3,070	3,100
Romanian	0	0	0	5,990	3,045	2,950	0	0	0	5,390	2,695	2,695
Spanish	15	10	0	60,770	28,640	32,125	50	25	25	54,235	25,520	28,715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	90	50	0	0	0	120	75	45
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	145	65	80
Japanese	0	0	0	5,255	2,315	2,945	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,715
Korean	0	0	0	12,375	5,785	6,590	15	0	10	11,695	5,490	6,205
Mongolian	0	0	0	645	300	345	0	0	0	640	300	335
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	18,385	9,360	9,025	0	0	0	16,975	8,610	8,365
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,400	720	680	0	0	0	1,270	645	620
Bamanankan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	35	20	15
Edo	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	310	165	145
Éwé	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0	100	45	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	190	120	70	0	0	0	170	110	65
Ga	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	275	140	140
Ganda	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	110	60	45
Gikuyu	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	155	70	85
Igbo	0	0	0	3,040	1,595	1,450	0	0	0	2,800	1,465	1,335
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	300	140	155	0	0	0	295	140	150
Lingala	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0	395	185	210
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0	75	25	50
Mòoré	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mwani	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0	255	140	110
Ndebele	0	0	0	175	90	80	0	0	0	125	65	65
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0	145	85	65
Shona	0	0	0	670	325	345	0	0	0	580	270	310
Soninke	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	120	60	55
Swahili	0	0	0	3,435	1,805	1,630	0	0	0	3,220	1,700	1,520
Wojenaka	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	35	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	250	145	105	0	0	0	230	130	100
Yoruba	0	0	0	6,365	3,135	3,225	0	0	0	5,915	2,900	3,015
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,555	1,280	1,275	0	0	0	2,355	1,175	1,180
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,895	965	935	0	0	0	1,815	925	890
Dinka	0	0	0	860	455	405	0	0	0	815	435	380
Nuer	0	0	0	440	200	240	0	0	0	440	200	240
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	315	295	0	0	0	575	300	270
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	170	80	90
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,210	785	1,430	0	0	0	1,775	630	1,145
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,875	645	1,230	0	0	0	1,495	515	980
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	395	185	215	0	0	0	335	155	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	50	35	82,875	39,220	43,660	0	0	0	81,025	38,350	42,680
Chinese languages	85	50	35	81,080	38,330	42,750	0	0	0	79,265	37,475	41,795
Hakka	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0	390	160	235
Mandarin	75	45	30	46,460	21,635	24,825	0	0	0	45,330	21,095	24,235
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	35	25	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,385	1,045	1,340	0	0	0	2,295	1,000	1,295
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	340	140	195	0	0	0	335	140	195
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	42,910	20,105	22,800	0	0	0	42,090	19,730	22,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	880	420	460	0	0	0	840	395	445
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	40	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,820	895	925	0	0	0	1,785	885	900
Burmese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0	495	245	250
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	120	60	60
Karenic languages	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0	365	180	190
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	295	145	150	0	0	0	295	145	150
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0	765	395	370
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0	155	70	85
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	105	40	65
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,900	780	1,120	0	0	0	1,640	680	955
Lao	0	0	0	685	350	330	0	0	0	595	300	295
Thai	0	0	0	1,355	505	850	0	0	0	1,160	445	710
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	60	25	40
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,545	1,855	1,695	0	0	0	3,420	1,785	1,635
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	550	285	270	0	0	0	550	285	270
Kazakh	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	170	75	95
Turkish	0	0	0	2,625	1,470	1,155	0	0	0	2,530	1,425	1,100
Uyghur	0	0	0	110	30	80	0	0	0	110	30	80
Uzbek	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0	180	80	100
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0	105	50	65
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,400	2,050	2,350	0	0	0	3,760	1,750	2,010
Estonian	0	0	0	165	70	95	0	0	0	125	55	70
Finnish	0	0	0	435	210	230	0	0	0	360	170	190
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,810	1,780	2,030	0	0	0	3,290	1,535	1,755
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	525	295	235	0	0	0	485	275	210
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	430	190	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	575	275	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	35	15	25	53,700	25,250	28,450	10	0	0	41,350	19,270	22,085
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	15	25	51,520	24,220	27,300	10	0	0	39,720	18,515	21,210
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	15	25	22,470	10,235	12,230	0	0	0	18,440	8,300	10,135
Métis	0	0	0	28,475	13,685	14,790	10	0	0	20,855	9,990	10,865
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	575	290	280	0	0	0	430	220	205
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,130	525	610	0	0	0	865	385	475
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,050	505	540	0	0	0	765	365	395
Non-Indigenous identity	390	180	220	1,518,235	757,015	761,220	565	275	295	1,250,420	622,865	627,555
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	430	190	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	575	275	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	15	25	17,145	7,900	9,240	0	0	0	14,405	6,575	7,825
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	390	180	220	1,554,790	774,360	780,425	565	275	295	1,277,370	635,560	641,810
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	431,680	...	...	215	...	...	345,690	...	...
Renter	65	...	...	172,945	...	...	20	...	...	156,615	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	138,505	...	...	0	...	...	124,190	...	...
Not condominium	130	...	...	466,125	...	...	240	...	...	378,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	3,180	...	...	0	...	...	2,920	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	63,480	...	...	0	...	...	59,385	...	...
2 bedrooms	30	...	...	132,670	...	...	25	...	...	116,625	...	...
3 bedrooms	110	...	...	208,570	...	...	105	...	...	167,895	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	50	...	...	196,735	...	...	105	...	...	155,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	30	...	...	168,320	...	...	30	...	...	153,485	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	92,700	...	...	25	...	...	78,585	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	85,005	...	...	30	...	...	69,385	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	74,790	...	...	40	...	...	59,530	...	...
8 or more rooms	55	...	...	183,815	...	...	115	...	...	141,320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...	7.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	190	...	...	587,240	...	...	240	...	...	486,420	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	17,390	...	...	0	...	...	15,885	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Suitable	185	...	...	576,220	...	...	240	...	...	476,790	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	28,410	...	...	0	...	...	25,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	48,925	...	...	195	...	...	43,855	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	146,775	...	...	40	...	...	133,035	...	...
1981 to 1990	125	...	...	67,920	...	...	0	...	...	59,780	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	93,515	...	...	0	...	...	75,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	63,060	...	...	0	...	...	50,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	64,550	...	...	0	...	...	47,665	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	62,005	...	...	0	...	...	45,850	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	57,870	...	...	0	...	...	46,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	160	...	...	578,295	...	...	215	...	...	479,525	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	26,340	...	...	20	...	...	22,780	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
One-maintainer household	75	...	...	286,505	...	...	145	...	...	242,815	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	282,890	...	...	95	...	...	228,860	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	35,230	...	...	0	...	...	30,630	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	15,275	...	...	0	...	...	13,825	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	95,360	...	...	15	...	...	83,280	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	132,875	...	...	20	...	...	110,705	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	121,200	...	...	70	...	...	100,130	...	...
55 to 64 years	20	...	...	114,325	...	...	40	...	...	93,305	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	78,705	...	...	30	...	...	62,865	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	34,680	...	...	25	...	...	27,860	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	12,200	...	...	35	...	...	10,340	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	190	...	...	599,605	...	...	235	...	...	499,855	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	466,085	...	...	210	...	...	385,380	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	133,520	...	...	30	...	...	114,470	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	119,800	...	...	25	...	...	102,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	190	...	...	604,630	...	...	240	...	...	502,305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	174,520	...	...	50	...	...	150,520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	121,340	...	...	25	...	...	103,650	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	22,225	...	...	0	...	...	19,875	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	17,480	...	...	20	...	...	14,995	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	4,610	...	...	0	...	...	4,215	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	7,285	...	...	0	...	...	6,360	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	0	...	...	1,170	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	280	...	...	0	...	...	250	...	...
Acceptable housing	120	...	...	430,110	...	...	190	...	...	351,785	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	185	...	...	585,885	...	...	235	...	...	488,040	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	55,440	...	...	0	...	...	49,860	...	...
Not in core need	170	...	...	530,445	...	...	225	...	...	438,185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	429,490	...	...	220	...	...	345,680	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.0	...	...	65.7	...	...	40.9	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	11.4	...	...	17.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250	...	...	1,740	...	...	830	...	...	1,720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,520	...	...	1,792	...	...	1,350	...	...	1,774	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	452,000	...	...	548,000	...	...	456,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	420,000	...	...	529,500	...	...	576,000	...	...	519,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	172,840	...	...	20	...	...	156,615	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.5	...	...	34.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	34.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	20.2	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	1,350	...	...	x	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	1,414	...	...	1,400	...	...	1,404	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	430	185	245	1,571,935	782,270	789,670	570	275	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	17,860	8,295	9,570	0	0	0	14,495	6,615	7,875
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	17,385	8,070	9,315	0	0	0	14,125	6,430	7,695
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	11,610	5,320	6,285	0	0	0	10,035	4,560	5,475
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	5,625	2,660	2,960	0	0	0	3,975	1,790	2,185
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	155	85	65	0	0	0	115	75	40
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0	370	190	185
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	460	210	250	0	0	0	355	180	180
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	60	30	35	47,230	22,330	24,905	0	0	0	34,850	16,545	18,305
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	60	30	35	45,875	21,725	24,145	0	0	0	33,825	16,090	17,740
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	35	25,470	12,020	13,445	0	0	0	19,015	9,015	10,005
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,960	9,480	10,475	0	0	0	14,490	6,925	7,565
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	450	230	225	0	0	0	320	145	170
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,355	600	760	0	0	0	1,030	460	570
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,230	550	680	0	0	0	935	420	515
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0	60	20	35
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	370	160	205	1,506,840	751,645	755,195	565	270	295	1,242,425	618,970	623,455
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	430	190	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	570	280	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,640
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	390	170	220	1,397,315	698,330	698,985	545	270	280	1,131,540	565,050	566,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70	35	40	325,765	167,940	157,820	115	65	50	257,900	132,670	125,230
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	320	140	180	1,071,555	530,390	541,165	435	210	225	873,645	432,380	441,265
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	40	15	25	174,615	83,940	90,680	25	10	15	160,225	77,085	83,140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	430	190	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	570	280	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,640
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	285	110	175	1,069,940	539,680	530,260	460	215	245	834,100	420,985	413,120
Immigrants⁸¹	145	80	70	473,580	227,640	245,935	105	60	50	430,640	207,060	223,575
Before 1980	30	15	15	56,750	27,435	29,320	60	40	25	48,430	23,310	25,115
1980 to 1990	20	15	10	44,975	21,950	23,020	15	10	0	40,330	19,730	20,600
1991 to 2000	15	10	0	67,220	32,280	34,935	15	0	0	61,465	29,575	31,890
2001 to 2010	40	20	20	127,170	61,140	66,030	0	0	0	117,055	56,175	60,875
2011 to 2021⁸²	35	15	20	177,465	84,835	92,630	15	0	10	163,365	78,275	85,095
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	89,810	43,015	46,795	0	0	0	82,050	39,320	42,735
2016 to 2021	25	10	15	87,650	41,815	45,835	15	0	10	81,315	38,960	42,360
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	28,410	14,945	13,470	0	0	0	27,025	14,085	12,940
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	140	75	70	473,580	227,640	245,935	110	60	50	430,640	207,065	223,575
Under 5 years	0	0	0	41,205	20,985	20,220	20	15	0	37,050	18,960	18,090
5 to 14 years	30	25	0	79,795	41,370	38,425	15	15	0	71,460	37,200	34,265
15 to 24 years	30	15	15	82,830	37,905	44,930	30	0	25	74,550	34,020	40,525
25 to 44 years	55	30	25	223,080	105,885	117,190	20	10	0	204,525	97,045	107,480
45 years and over	25	10	15	46,670	21,495	25,170	25	15	10	43,060	19,840	23,220
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	140	75	70	473,580	227,640	245,935	110	60	50	430,640	207,065	223,575
Americas	10	0	0	50,280	23,315	26,970	30	25	10	44,125	20,585	23,540
Brazil	0	0	0	2,205	965	1,245	0	0	0	2,010	890	1,120
Colombia	0	0	0	6,240	2,860	3,380	0	0	0	5,865	2,710	3,160
El Salvador	0	0	0	2,755	1,300	1,455	0	0	0	2,425	1,135	1,290
Guyana	0	0	0	810	375	430	0	0	0	740	340	400
Haiti	0	0	0	565	320	250	0	0	0	510	295	220
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,605	1,735	1,870	0	0	0	3,135	1,475	1,660
Mexico	0	0	0	5,740	2,810	2,930	0	0	0	4,895	2,410	2,480
Peru	0	0	0	1,140	515	625	0	0	0	1,070	470	595
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	1,470	720	750	0	0	0	1,315	620	695
United States of America	10	0	0	13,395	5,940	7,455	10	10	0	10,895	4,960	5,935
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	12,355	5,775	6,585	15	15	0	11,260	5,275	5,985
Europe	30	10	15	83,855	41,815	42,040	35	25	15	68,740	34,275	34,465
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,145	0	0	0	2,000	960	1,045
Croatia	0	0	0	1,510	705	800	0	0	0	1,330	620	705
France	0	0	0	1,455	735	720	0	0	0	1,265	645	620
Germany	0	0	0	6,175	2,815	3,355	15	10	10	4,685	2,155	2,525
Greece	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	865	455	415
Hungary	0	0	0	1,780	865	915	0	0	0	1,550	740	815
Italy	0	0	0	3,430	1,805	1,625	0	0	0	3,075	1,590	1,490
Netherlands	0	0	0	3,730	1,920	1,805	0	0	0	2,620	1,375	1,245
Poland	0	0	0	6,520	3,025	3,495	0	0	0	5,890	2,750	3,140
Portugal	0	0	0	1,180	610	575	0	0	0	990	505	485
Romania	0	0	0	4,435	2,225	2,210	0	0	0	4,025	2,030	1,995
Russian Federation	0	0	0	4,540	1,930	2,610	0	0	0	4,210	1,785	2,430
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,060	505	560	0	0	0	980	460	515
Ukraine	0	0	0	3,355	1,510	1,845	0	0	0	3,035	1,385	1,655
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	15	27,675	14,575	13,095	10	10	0	20,420	10,815	9,600
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	13,840	7,005	6,835	0	0	0	11,795	6,010	5,780
Africa	10	10	0	55,355	27,975	27,385	0	0	0	51,610	26,045	25,560
Algeria	0	0	0	650	320	330	0	0	0	630	310	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	905	445	455	0	0	0	855	425	435
Egypt	0	0	0	3,500	1,840	1,665	0	0	0	3,320	1,745	1,575
Eritrea	0	0	0	4,785	2,505	2,280	0	0	0	4,720	2,465	2,250
Ethiopia	0	0	0	7,180	3,485	3,700	0	0	0	7,090	3,435	3,655
Morocco	0	0	0	950	485	460	0	0	0	870	445	425
Nigeria	0	0	0	13,365	6,835	6,530	0	0	0	12,450	6,340	6,110
Somalia	0	0	0	1,595	780	815	0	0	0	1,580	775	805
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	4,010	2,070	1,940	0	0	0	3,095	1,620	1,480
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	18,410	9,205	9,210	0	0	0	17,005	8,480	8,525
Asia	100	50	45	279,930	132,545	147,390	30	15	20	262,700	124,535	138,160
Afghanistan	0	0	0	4,275	2,115	2,160	0	0	0	3,980	1,970	2,010
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	5,720	2,990	2,730	0	0	0	5,515	2,865	2,650
Iraq	0	0	0	4,070	2,070	2,000	0	0	0	3,935	1,990	1,950
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,455	2,410	2,050	0	0	0	4,095	2,205	1,890
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	4,455	2,320	2,130	0	0	0	4,340	2,280	2,060
Turkey	0	0	0	1,105	545	555	0	0	0	1,085	540	545
China⁹⁰	55	35	20	36,925	16,915	20,015	15	10	10	36,245	16,615	19,625
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10,965	5,240	5,725	0	0	0	10,775	5,180	5,595
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,645	15	0	10	8,215	3,835	4,375
Taiwan	15	10	0	2,210	935	1,270	0	0	0	2,110	885	1,220
Philippines	0	0	0	71,315	31,605	39,715	0	0	0	65,430	29,000	36,430
Viet Nam	0	0	0	16,350	7,325	9,030	0	0	0	15,395	6,875	8,525
Bangladesh	0	0	0	3,630	1,845	1,785	0	0	0	3,510	1,785	1,725
India	0	0	0	61,580	30,730	30,850	0	0	0	56,510	28,275	28,240
Pakistan	0	0	0	19,425	9,810	9,615	0	0	0	18,375	9,305	9,070
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	2,035	1,005	1,025	0	0	0	1,820	900	925
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	22,735	10,640	12,090	0	0	0	21,375	10,040	11,335
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	4,150	2,000	2,150	0	0	0	3,470	1,630	1,840
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	20	87,650	41,815	45,830	15	0	15	81,315	38,960	42,360
Americas	0	0	0	8,535	3,935	4,595	0	0	0	7,550	3,475	4,070
Brazil	0	0	0	915	390	525	0	0	0	840	355	490
Colombia	0	0	0	670	265	410	0	0	0	615	245	370
Haiti	0	0	0	110	60	45	0	0	0	105	55	45
Jamaica	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0	475	215	255
Mexico	0	0	0	1,470	760	715	0	0	0	1,265	645	615
United States of America	0	0	0	2,490	1,160	1,330	0	0	0	2,130	1,000	1,130
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	915	400	515	0	0	0	885	390	500
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,415	645	770	0	0	0	1,245	570	675
Europe	0	0	0	7,510	3,815	3,695	0	0	0	6,505	3,340	3,170
France	0	0	0	245	115	130	0	0	0	200	95	105
Germany	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0	225	105	120
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	495	320	170	0	0	0	470	315	160
Italy	0	0	0	290	175	115	0	0	0	260	160	105
Russian Federation	0	0	0	690	245	445	0	0	0	635	235	405
Ukraine	0	0	0	760	340	425	0	0	0	680	295	385
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	1,820	1,000	825	0	0	0	1,420	805	610
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	2,930	1,485	1,445	0	0	0	2,615	1,330	1,290
Africa	0	0	0	15,820	7,845	7,980	0	0	0	15,065	7,475	7,590
Algeria	0	0	0	60	15	50	0	0	0	60	15	50
Burundi	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	40	15	25
Cameroon	0	0	0	430	190	235	0	0	0	380	170	210
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0	155	85	75
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0	55	30	20
Egypt	0	0	0	615	300	310	0	0	0	595	300	300
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,545	1,340	1,205	0	0	0	2,525	1,325	1,195
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,855	885	965	0	0	0	1,845	880	965
Morocco	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	210	95	110
Nigeria	0	0	0	6,175	3,045	3,130	0	0	0	5,885	2,895	2,990
Somalia	0	0	0	310	140	170	0	0	0	310	140	170
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	830	440	385	0	0	0	650	360	295
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	460	220	235	0	0	0	445	215	225
Tunisia	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	95	65	30
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,965	970	1,000	0	0	0	1,815	895	920
Asia	25	10	15	55,100	25,850	29,250	0	0	0	51,570	24,320	27,250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	865	415	455	0	0	0	845	405	435
Bangladesh	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0	630	310	320
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	5,625	2,440	3,180	0	0	0	5,520	2,410	3,115
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	315	120	195	0	0	0	310	120	190
India	0	0	0	14,870	7,455	7,420	0	0	0	14,070	7,095	6,970
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	870	415	450	0	0	0	865	415	445
Iraq	0	0	0	955	450	510	0	0	0	945	440	505
Israel	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	340	185	150
Japan	0	0	0	170	25	150	0	0	0	170	25	140
Jordan	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0	165	90	70
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,825	780	1,050	0	0	0	1,740	740	1,000
Lebanon	0	0	0	455	220	235	0	0	0	425	215	210
Nepal	0	0	0	550	280	265	0	0	0	460	235	230
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0	0	0	2,315	1,130	1,185
Philippines	0	0	0	17,470	7,940	9,535	0	0	0	15,485	7,055	8,435
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	270	160	105	0	0	0	265	160	105
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0	145	75	70
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,135	1,645	1,490	0	0	0	3,070	1,630	1,445
Turkey	0	0	0	405	175	225	0	0	0	405	175	225
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	370	205	170	0	0	0	360	200	165
Viet Nam	0	0	0	980	320	660	0	0	0	955	310	640
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,240	955	1,290	0	0	0	2,090	885	1,205
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	690	375	310	0	0	0	620	345	280
Australia	0	0	0	480	255	230	0	0	0	435	230	205
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	205	125	85	0	0	0	185	115	75
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	430	190	240	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	575	275	295	1,291,770	642,130	649,635
First generation¹⁰⁰	145	75	65	518,345	251,010	267,335	125	65	60	471,470	228,280	243,195
Second generation¹⁰¹	45	15	30	329,675	166,505	163,165	130	55	75	281,465	142,090	139,380
Third generation or more¹⁰²	245	95	150	723,920	364,750	359,170	320	160	160	538,830	271,765	267,065
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	115	60	55	416,830	200,210	216,615	45	20	25	382,215	183,750	198,460
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	80	45	35	235,880	118,150	117,730	10	0	0	215,420	108,005	107,410
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	25	0	95,815	58,035	37,780	0	0	0	88,050	52,955	35,090
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	20	35	140,065	60,120	79,950	0	0	0	127,375	55,055	72,315
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	15	20	117,720	48,395	69,330	25	15	10	107,140	43,925	63,210
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	58,995	31,595	27,395	0	0	0	55,735	29,885	25,845
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165	0	0	0	3,920	1,925	1,990
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	115	60	55	416,830	200,210	216,615	45	20	25	382,215	183,750	198,460
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	14,765	8,620	6,145	0	0	0	13,615	7,955	5,660
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	53,180	23,440	29,750	10	0	0	46,635	20,170	26,460
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10,665	5,460	5,205	0	0	0	9,450	4,855	4,595
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	23,590	12,265	11,320	0	0	0	22,045	11,495	10,545
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	1,565	670	895	0	0	0	1,375	605	770
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	45	45	313,060	149,760	163,300	35	15	20	289,095	138,665	150,425
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	430	190	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	575	275	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	135	75	60	575,650	282,735	292,910	95	45	60	534,695	262,355	272,340
South Asian	20	0	10	154,385	78,430	75,955	0	0	0	141,660	71,810	69,845
Chinese	85	50	40	93,975	45,570	48,410	30	15	20	91,410	44,315	47,095
Black	0	0	0	76,470	38,665	37,800	0	0	0	70,680	35,655	35,020
Filipino	0	0	0	92,235	42,365	49,880	0	0	0	84,215	38,660	45,550
Arab	0	0	0	32,660	17,235	15,425	0	0	0	30,735	16,175	14,560
Latin American	0	0	0	35,155	16,925	18,235	45	20	20	31,855	15,340	16,520
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	28,720	13,405	15,310	0	0	0	26,395	12,300	14,095
West Asian	0	0	0	15,765	8,040	7,720	0	0	0	15,150	7,705	7,440
Korean	0	0	0	13,150	6,285	6,865	20	10	15	12,380	5,945	6,430
Japanese	0	0	0	6,455	2,780	3,675	0	0	0	5,825	2,530	3,295
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	5,845	2,855	2,985	0	0	0	5,445	2,710	2,740
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	20,840	10,195	10,645	0	0	0	18,955	9,210	9,745
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	300	115	185	996,285	499,530	496,755	470	235	235	757,075	379,775	377,295
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	430	190	240	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	570	280	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Canadian	0	0	0	168,075	87,325	80,750	40	20	20	125,490	65,430	60,065
English	105	40	65	276,300	136,835	139,465	155	75	75	205,980	102,400	103,575
Irish	85	35	45	202,260	98,040	104,225	100	40	55	153,865	74,665	79,195
Scottish	90	40	50	235,385	115,820	119,575	100	60	40	177,490	87,675	89,815
French, n.o.s.¹²²	50	25	25	104,160	50,935	53,225	75	35	40	79,635	39,135	40,500
German	50	20	30	197,770	97,860	99,910	105	35	70	146,970	72,775	74,190
Chinese	90	55	35	99,705	48,045	51,650	20	10	10	96,180	46,325	49,860
Italian	10	0	10	44,840	22,330	22,510	40	30	10	36,235	18,060	18,175
Indian (India)	15	10	10	77,900	39,545	38,355	0	0	0	71,115	35,960	35,155
Ukrainian	25	0	25	89,615	43,675	45,940	60	35	25	69,030	33,640	35,390
Dutch	0	0	0	53,665	26,510	27,155	50	20	35	38,505	19,070	19,430
Polish	0	0	0	53,675	25,885	27,790	30	10	20	42,735	20,560	22,175
Québécois	0	0	0	1,965	990	970	0	0	0	1,580	785	795
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	0	15	53,825	27,135	26,690	15	10	10	41,520	20,955	20,570
Filipino	10	0	0	86,850	40,140	46,710	0	0	0	79,200	36,580	42,625
French Canadian	0	0	0	11,575	5,740	5,835	20	0	20	9,130	4,545	4,590
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	26,685	13,810	12,875	0	0	0	20,860	10,850	10,005
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	35	15	20	15,785	7,425	8,360	0	0	0	12,415	5,805	6,615
Métis	0	0	0	27,350	12,945	14,410	0	0	0	19,805	9,345	10,460
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	35	10	25	28,815	14,565	14,250	0	0	0	22,790	11,410	11,380
Russian	20	10	10	36,090	16,840	19,255	20	10	10	28,470	13,255	15,215
Norwegian	10	10	0	44,865	21,320	23,545	0	0	0	32,675	15,535	17,140
Welsh	25	20	0	27,905	13,365	14,540	0	0	0	21,030	9,965	11,065
Portuguese	0	0	0	8,110	4,060	4,045	0	0	0	6,770	3,400	3,370
American	10	0	10	23,975	11,565	12,415	0	0	0	18,030	8,720	9,310
Spanish	0	0	0	19,620	9,075	10,545	0	0	0	17,085	7,820	9,265
Swedish	0	0	0	28,290	13,540	14,750	20	10	10	20,940	10,255	10,685
Hungarian	10	0	0	20,785	10,045	10,740	20	0	15	16,335	7,965	8,375
Acadian	0	0	0	3,780	1,900	1,885	0	0	0	2,935	1,520	1,415
Pakistani	0	0	0	24,175	12,270	11,905	0	0	0	22,800	11,565	11,240
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	15,105	7,435	7,670	0	0	0	13,470	6,635	6,830
Jewish	0	0	0	7,450	3,730	3,715	0	0	0	6,595	3,345	3,250
Punjabi	0	0	0	20,085	10,145	9,940	0	0	0	18,050	9,135	8,920
Vietnamese	0	0	0	22,750	10,685	12,065	0	0	0	21,145	9,890	11,255
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	11,200	5,995	5,205	0	0	0	10,585	5,620	4,965
Greek	0	0	0	6,530	3,370	3,160	0	0	0	5,540	2,865	2,680
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,875	3,435	3,435	0	0	0	5,860	2,915	2,950
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,680	7,485	8,200	0	0	0	14,510	6,955	7,555
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	7,710	3,385	4,325	0	0	0	5,915	2,675	3,240
Korean	0	0	0	13,215	6,260	6,955	20	10	15	12,445	5,920	6,525
Romanian	0	0	0	12,805	6,050	6,760	10	0	10	10,540	4,990	5,545
Lebanese	0	0	0	12,885	6,725	6,160	0	0	0	11,360	5,955	5,405
Iranian	0	0	0	6,415	3,295	3,120	0	0	0	6,105	3,130	2,975
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	5,800	2,855	2,945	0	0	0	4,815	2,325	2,490
Danish	15	15	0	19,915	9,935	9,980	30	20	15	14,575	7,305	7,270
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	5,325	2,530	2,795	0	0	0	4,225	2,020	2,200
Sikh	0	0	0	16,100	8,300	7,800	0	0	0	14,120	7,270	6,850
Austrian	0	0	0	13,225	6,465	6,765	15	0	0	10,255	5,080	5,175
Belgian	0	0	0	7,255	3,475	3,780	0	0	0	5,295	2,545	2,755
Haitian	0	0	0	1,120	570	555	0	0	0	930	475	455
Hindu	0	0	0	9,050	4,560	4,490	0	0	0	8,550	4,305	4,245
Mexican	0	0	0	9,145	4,490	4,655	0	0	0	7,685	3,755	3,930
Mennonite	0	0	0	5,145	2,565	2,580	0	0	0	3,750	1,840	1,910
Swiss	0	0	0	8,075	3,960	4,115	0	0	0	5,765	2,795	2,965
Finnish	0	0	0	6,840	3,325	3,515	0	0	0	5,250	2,540	2,705
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	2,095	1,040	1,050	0	0	0	1,865	925	940
Croatian	0	0	0	6,125	3,000	3,125	0	0	0	5,170	2,540	2,635
Japanese	0	0	0	8,860	3,910	4,950	0	0	0	7,785	3,465	4,320
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	5,040	2,520	2,525	0	0	0	4,655	2,305	2,345
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	1,845	905	945	0	0	0	1,330	620	705
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	8,605	4,150	4,455	0	0	0	6,340	3,050	3,290
Muslim	0	0	0	6,465	3,345	3,120	0	0	0	6,060	3,145	2,915
Egyptian	0	0	0	4,945	2,630	2,310	0	0	0	4,610	2,475	2,135
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	6,575	3,255	3,320	0	0	0	5,960	2,910	3,050
Tamil	0	0	0	1,450	760	690	0	0	0	1,370	710	665
Icelandic	0	0	0	7,935	4,120	3,825	20	15	0	6,025	3,195	2,830
Colombian	0	0	0	6,755	3,225	3,535	0	0	0	6,420	3,075	3,345
Moroccan	0	0	0	975	470	505	0	0	0	880	425	460
Czech	0	0	0	7,875	3,870	4,010	0	0	0	6,295	3,085	3,215
Syrian	0	0	0	4,405	2,245	2,160	0	0	0	4,215	2,150	2,065
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,350	665	680	0	0	0	1,210	595	615
Afghan	0	0	0	6,890	3,395	3,495	0	0	0	6,465	3,170	3,290
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	2,735	1,435	1,305	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,205
Serbian	0	0	0	3,345	1,585	1,760	0	0	0	3,125	1,485	1,635
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,440	725	715	0	0	0	1,165	595	575
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	2,060	1,090	965	0	0	0	1,500	795	705
Hong Konger	0	0	0	4,025	1,955	2,070	0	0	0	3,940	1,925	2,015
Ontarian	0	0	0	1,420	635	785	0	0	0	1,030	470	565
Persian	0	0	0	2,845	1,525	1,320	0	0	0	2,700	1,440	1,260
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	1,805	900	910	0	0	0	1,495	745	750
Turkish	0	0	0	2,760	1,525	1,235	0	0	0	2,610	1,435	1,175
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0	520	265	255
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	3,675	1,870	1,800	0	0	0	3,570	1,810	1,765
Algerian	0	0	0	665	335	330	0	0	0	645	320	320
Brazilian	0	0	0	2,835	1,375	1,460	0	0	0	2,555	1,260	1,290
Nigerian	0	0	0	8,720	4,460	4,265	0	0	0	8,120	4,145	3,975
Armenian	0	0	0	1,030	535	495	0	0	0	925	495	430
Slovak	0	0	0	4,430	2,200	2,225	0	0	0	3,520	1,750	1,770
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	3,085	1,440	1,645	0	0	0	2,620	1,220	1,400
Somali	0	0	0	2,855	1,485	1,370	0	0	0	2,830	1,485	1,350
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,255	960	1,295	0	0	0	2,120	890	1,230
Iraqi	0	0	0	3,140	1,520	1,620	0	0	0	3,035	1,470	1,570
Salvadorean	0	0	0	2,660	1,315	1,345	0	0	0	2,325	1,150	1,175
African Caribbean	0	0	0	1,090	590	500	0	0	0	930	495	430
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,945	1,855	2,090	0	0	0	3,670	1,710	1,960
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	2,805	1,480	1,330	0	0	0	2,645	1,375	1,270
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	1,435	720	710	0	0	0	1,330	650	680
Algonquin	0	0	0	555	245	320	0	0	0	380	165	220
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	975	430	540	0	0	0	835	370	465
Lithuanian	0	0	0	2,420	1,080	1,345	0	0	0	2,015	880	1,130
South African	0	0	0	3,795	1,905	1,890	0	0	0	2,915	1,465	1,445
Australian	0	0	0	3,840	1,970	1,870	0	0	0	3,060	1,585	1,475
Palestinian	0	0	0	1,875	1,025	845	0	0	0	1,675	910	760
Chilean	0	0	0	3,325	1,765	1,560	20	15	0	2,925	1,505	1,420
Congolese	0	0	0	1,100	515	580	0	0	0	1,045	500	545
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,075	515	565	0	0	0	850	380	470
Ethiopian	0	0	0	6,810	3,265	3,545	0	0	0	6,695	3,225	3,465
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,210	1,515	1,690	0	0	0	2,920	1,375	1,550
Peruvian	0	0	0	1,605	775	830	0	0	0	1,450	690	760
Yoruba	0	0	0	5,565	2,825	2,740	0	0	0	5,200	2,640	2,560
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	2,140	1,060	1,075	0	0	0	1,960	965	985
Berber	0	0	0	430	235	195	0	0	0	405	225	175
Albanian	0	0	0	1,920	1,065	855	0	0	0	1,870	1,030	835
Maltese	0	0	0	745	370	380	0	0	0	505	230	275
Macedonian	0	0	0	490	235	255	0	0	0	385	185	200
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,820	900	915	0	0	0	1,445	715	730
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,440	1,165	1,275	0	0	0	1,960	925	1,035
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	535	215	320	0	0	0	410	170	235
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,790	925	860	0	0	0	1,665	880	785
Eritrean	0	0	0	5,425	2,745	2,680	0	0	0	5,320	2,700	2,615
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,095	565	530	0	0	0	940	465	475
Israeli	0	0	0	1,175	610	565	0	0	0	1,095	565	525
Mohawk	0	0	0	650	375	275	0	0	0	500	300	200
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	2,390	1,215	1,175	0	0	0	1,685	790	900
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,390	670	720	0	0	0	1,305	635	670
Albertan	0	0	0	7,585	3,815	3,775	0	0	0	5,465	2,785	2,685
Ghanaian	0	0	0	1,535	790	745	0	0	0	1,405	705	700
Barbadian	0	0	0	755	380	380	0	0	0	640	310	330
African American	0	0	0	1,150	555	590	0	0	0	935	435	495
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,370	725	645	0	0	0	1,030	545	480
Tunisian	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	300	150	155
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,440	755	695	0	0	0	1,305	675	630
Cuban	0	0	0	890	425	465	0	0	0	830	395	435
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0	1,870	890	975
Venezuelan	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,670	0	0	0	3,025	1,445	1,575
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	55	35	15	0	0	0	30	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	1,225	605	625	0	0	0	1,025	485	540
Bengali	0	0	0	1,245	615	630	0	0	0	1,200	585	610
Cameroonian	0	0	0	1,060	545	520	0	0	0	930	485	450
Guatemalan	0	0	0	1,380	655	730	0	0	0	1,200	555	645
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,820	865	955	0	0	0	1,555	750	800
Laotian	0	0	0	1,165	575	590	0	0	0	1,015	505	510
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,705	1,255	1,450	0	0	0	2,575	1,195	1,380
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0	920	445	475
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,015	505	515	0	0	0	805	420	385
British Columbian	0	0	0	660	370	290	0	0	0	520	295	225
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0	405	210	190
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	150	100	50	0	0	0	125	85	40
Argentinian	0	0	0	1,250	625	625	0	0	0	1,050	545	510
Estonian	0	0	0	1,175	565	610	0	0	0	980	480	500
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	555	565	0	0	0	1,060	525	530
Fijian	0	0	0	1,250	590	660	0	0	0	1,145	525	620
Jatt	0	0	0	1,575	785	780	0	0	0	1,410	705	705
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	940	490	450	0	0	0	645	320	325
Coptic	0	0	0	455	230	225	0	0	0	440	225	215
Thai	0	0	0	1,395	430	965	0	0	0	1,185	370	810
Dominican	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0	405	245	160
Nepali	0	0	0	2,340	1,200	1,135	0	0	0	2,255	1,175	1,085
Kabyle	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	95	50	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	435	225	205	0	0	0	420	215	200
Igbo	0	0	0	3,480	1,820	1,665	0	0	0	3,150	1,635	1,515
Byelorussian	0	0	0	855	420	440	0	0	0	730	350	380
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	215	95	120
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	1,810	770	1,035	0	0	0	1,580	685	895
Abenaki	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	50	20	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	1,140	615	525	0	0	0	990	545	445
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	315	145	170	0	0	0	245	125	120
New Zealander	0	0	0	1,375	705	670	0	0	0	1,095	590	500
Sudanese	0	0	0	2,640	1,275	1,370	0	0	0	2,480	1,205	1,275
Breton	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	40	30	10
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	525	190	340	0	0	0	350	125	225
Malaysian	0	0	0	1,260	615	650	0	0	0	1,175	560	620
Plains Cree	0	0	0	240	115	125	0	0	0	200	100	95
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	505	250	250	0	0	0	420	210	210
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0	80	40	45
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	1,630	765	865	0	0	0	1,150	595	555
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,070	515	555	0	0	0	1,010	480	525
Gaspesian	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	185	115	65	0	0	0	145	100	45
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	1,285	655	630	0	0	0	1,270	645	625
Ivorian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	210	110	105
Saulteaux	0	0	0	330	150	180	0	0	0	280	120	160
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	180	70	110	0	0	0	160	60	105
Burundian	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	150	70	85
Tigrinya	0	0	0	2,275	1,240	1,035	0	0	0	2,240	1,220	1,020
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	990	465	525	0	0	0	800	355	445
Mauritian	0	0	0	485	210	275	0	0	0	450	190	255
Kenyan	0	0	0	1,140	565	570	0	0	0	1,050	510	540
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vincentian	0	0	0	235	105	125	0	0	0	175	65	110
Jordanian	0	0	0	475	240	240	0	0	0	445	220	225
Manitoban	0	0	0	700	360	340	0	0	0	460	245	210
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0	175	90	85
Rwandan	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	280	150	130
Grenadian	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0	225	90	135
Malayali	0	0	0	680	380	295	0	0	0	665	375	290
Chaldean	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0	165	80	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	575	265	310	0	0	0	555	255	305
Mayan	0	0	0	675	360	320	0	0	0	575	310	270
Honduran	0	0	0	355	150	200	0	0	0	340	150	185
Cherokee	0	0	0	655	325	335	0	0	0	545	255	285
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0	110	45	65
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0	140	70	70
Flemish	0	0	0	525	220	310	0	0	0	420	190	235
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	230	100	130	0	0	0	180	65	115
Senegalese	0	0	0	140	100	35	0	0	0	140	100	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	670	350	320	0	0	0	670	350	320
Sicilian	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0	110	35	70
Pashtun	0	0	0	865	440	420	0	0	0	820	420	400
Malay	0	0	0	855	370	485	0	0	0	790	340	450
Goan	0	0	0	375	195	180	0	0	0	350	185	165
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	405	210	195	0	0	0	330	165	160
Tibetan	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	790	415	375
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	775	345	430	0	0	0	660	295	365
Burmese	0	0	0	600	285	310	0	0	0	540	250	285
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,015	470	545	0	0	0	985	455	535
Azorean	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0	70	25	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0	105	60	45
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	80	45	35
Ugandan	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	300	145	150
Oromo	0	0	0	1,570	875	695	0	0	0	1,560	875	685
Tanzanian	0	0	0	845	440	400	0	0	0	795	425	375
Yemeni	0	0	0	595	295	300	0	0	0	555	280	275
Central African	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0	70	35	40
Libyan	0	0	0	450	265	190	0	0	0	445	255	190
Basque	0	0	0	205	95	105	0	0	0	175	80	90
Uruguayan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	360	160	200	0	0	0	295	125	165
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	355	210	140	0	0	0	345	210	130
Igorot	0	0	0	1,195	560	635	0	0	0	1,195	560	625
Fulani	0	0	0	75	35	50	0	0	0	65	25	35
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0	70	35	30
Guinean	0	0	0	155	85	70	0	0	0	155	80	70
St. Lucian	0	0	0	285	110	175	0	0	0	230	90	140
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	285	130	150	0	0	0	215	100	110
Maliseet	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Beninese	0	0	0	160	80	80	0	0	0	145	75	70
Telugu	0	0	0	260	145	120	0	0	0	255	135	120
Roma	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0	200	95	100
Costa Rican	0	0	0	205	115	90	0	0	0	180	95	85
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0	85	40	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	820	405	415	0	0	0	820	405	415
Singaporean	0	0	0	345	135	210	0	0	0	325	120	205
Karen	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	390	195	195
Edo	0	0	0	665	370	295	0	0	0	605	340	265
Tajik	0	0	0	280	130	145	0	0	0	280	130	145
Amhara	0	0	0	820	440	385	0	0	0	810	435	380
Paraguayan	0	0	0	120	35	90	0	0	0	100	30	70
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	435	185	245	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	575	275	295	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Buddhist	0	0	0	22,425	9,955	12,470	0	0	0	20,855	9,225	11,625
Christian	180	75	105	713,465	336,705	376,760	320	130	190	575,250	270,555	304,690
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	90	40	50	153,665	73,675	79,985	40	10	30	121,585	58,010	63,575
Anabaptist	0	0	0	2,730	1,325	1,405	0	0	0	2,100	1,020	1,075
Anglican	0	0	0	35,625	16,415	19,210	20	0	20	27,005	12,375	14,635
Baptist	0	0	0	14,480	6,660	7,815	0	0	0	10,875	5,050	5,825
Catholic	45	20	25	312,410	149,290	163,120	125	60	65	262,720	125,010	137,705
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25,935	12,595	13,340	15	10	0	24,020	11,690	12,330
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	6,765	3,065	3,695	0	0	0	5,160	2,300	2,860
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	13,890	6,525	7,365	0	0	0	9,895	4,590	5,305
Lutheran	0	0	0	19,790	8,955	10,835	20	10	10	14,005	6,325	7,675
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	3,670	1,655	2,015	0	0	0	2,570	1,160	1,415
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	17,325	8,180	9,145	0	0	0	14,690	6,905	7,785
Presbyterian	0	0	0	10,200	4,585	5,615	0	0	0	8,330	3,730	4,600
Reformed	0	0	0	1,880	950	930	0	0	0	1,250	600	655
United Church	20	0	15	51,720	22,415	29,305	20	10	15	37,055	15,800	21,255
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	10	43,375	20,405	22,970	60	20	35	33,980	15,990	17,990
Hindu	0	0	0	35,335	18,180	17,155	0	0	0	33,450	17,180	16,265
Jewish	0	0	0	6,820	3,305	3,515	0	0	0	6,390	3,140	3,255
Muslim	35	20	15	101,285	51,675	49,610	0	0	0	95,925	48,855	47,075
Sikh	0	0	0	56,230	28,325	27,905	0	0	0	49,465	24,885	24,580
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	1,515	550	960	0	0	0	1,370	500	870
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	11,305	4,775	6,530	0	0	0	9,695	4,165	5,535
No religion and secular perspectives	210	90	125	623,560	328,795	294,765	240	140	95	499,375	263,630	235,745
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	430	190	245	1,555,360	773,705	781,660	565	275	295	1,277,835	634,945	642,885
Non-movers	395	165	225	1,345,810	669,430	676,380	555	270	290	1,101,965	547,205	554,760
Movers	40	20	20	209,550	104,275	105,275	10	10	0	175,865	87,745	88,125
Non-migrants	0	0	0	147,415	73,505	73,910	10	10	0	132,940	66,500	66,445
Migrants	25	15	15	62,135	30,765	31,365	0	0	0	42,925	21,245	21,680
Internal migrants	25	15	15	47,380	23,440	23,940	0	0	0	29,285	14,520	14,770
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,075	13,860	14,215	0	0	0	13,780	6,700	7,080
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	19,305	9,580	9,725	0	0	0	15,505	7,820	7,690
External migrants	0	0	0	14,755	7,325	7,430	0	0	0	13,640	6,730	6,910
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	425	185	240	1,482,335	736,360	745,975	535	260	275	1,217,975	604,435	613,540
Non-movers	235	110	125	863,155	429,060	434,095	450	215	235	707,190	350,630	356,560
Movers	190	75	110	619,175	307,300	311,880	85	40	40	510,785	253,805	256,980
Non-migrants	130	45	85	363,260	181,560	181,700	70	40	30	333,555	166,780	166,775
Migrants	55	30	25	255,920	125,740	130,180	15	0	15	177,230	87,025	90,205
Internal migrants	35	25	10	177,420	87,415	90,005	15	0	15	103,835	51,155	52,680
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	112,590	55,855	56,735	15	0	15	52,115	25,805	26,310
Interprovincial migrants	15	15	0	64,830	31,560	33,270	0	0	0	51,725	25,355	26,370
External migrants	20	0	15	78,500	38,320	40,180	0	0	0	73,395	35,870	37,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	160	210	1,278,375	631,155	647,215	475	215	255	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	20	20	182,850	95,955	86,895	65	35	30	149,010	77,165	71,850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	325	135	185	1,095,525	535,200	560,320	405	180	225	907,215	444,015	463,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	105	125	886,650	437,700	448,950	260	135	130	737,750	364,645	373,105
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	79,025	43,715	35,310	20	10	0	65,615	35,580	30,040
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	215	90	120	807,620	393,985	413,640	245	120	125	672,130	329,065	343,070
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	155	205	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	20	163,710	84,360	79,350	60	25	30	134,565	68,700	65,865
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	40	30	339,400	169,445	169,950	140	65	70	273,135	137,495	135,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	250	95	155	775,265	377,350	397,915	280	125	150	648,530	314,980	333,550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	30	60	348,595	174,345	174,250	105	50	55	271,085	134,270	136,810
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	84,805	63,760	21,050	10	0	0	62,155	45,900	16,255
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	29,285	16,610	12,680	0	0	0	22,795	12,780	10,015
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	55,525	47,150	8,375	10	0	0	39,360	33,125	6,235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	25	45	221,065	92,585	128,480	80	40	40	172,905	73,135	99,775
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	42,725	18,000	24,720	20	10	15	36,020	15,235	20,790
Bachelor's degree or higher	160	65	100	426,670	203,005	223,660	170	75	95	377,450	180,710	196,740
Bachelor's degree	100	40	60	294,610	137,240	157,375	100	35	65	258,985	121,715	137,275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	22,475	10,080	12,390	15	0	10	19,835	9,020	10,810
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10,785	5,050	5,735	0	0	0	9,365	4,285	5,080
Master's degree	40	15	25	86,005	42,875	43,130	50	25	20	77,600	38,555	39,040
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	12,795	7,765	5,030	0	0	0	11,670	7,130	4,540
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	230	105	125	886,650	437,700	448,950	265	130	130	737,750	364,645	373,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	66,625	36,450	30,175	15	10	0	56,150	30,270	25,880
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	25	25	197,715	102,665	95,045	45	30	15	158,090	83,330	74,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	65	95	622,315	298,585	323,730	205	100	110	523,505	251,045	272,465
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	20	45	266,590	133,640	132,950	55	35	25	207,210	103,010	104,205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	63,270	48,090	15,175	10	0	0	46,300	34,495	11,805
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20,715	12,025	8,685	0	0	0	16,310	9,360	6,950
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	42,560	36,060	6,495	10	0	0	29,990	25,135	4,860
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	15	35	170,270	71,565	98,700	45	25	15	132,925	56,660	76,265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	33,050	13,985	19,070	0	0	0	27,990	11,860	16,130
Bachelor's degree or higher	95	45	55	355,720	164,940	190,775	150	65	80	316,295	148,035	168,260
Bachelor's degree	55	30	20	244,340	111,530	132,810	90	35	55	215,545	99,580	115,960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	17,980	7,805	10,175	15	0	10	15,980	7,050	8,925
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	9,185	4,015	5,170	0	0	0	8,070	3,480	4,595
Master's degree	30	10	25	74,335	35,965	38,370	40	25	20	67,610	32,685	34,925
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	9,880	5,625	4,255	0	0	0	9,100	5,240	3,855
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	370	155	205	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	60	50	503,110	253,805	249,305	195	95	105	407,695	206,200	201,495
Education	30	10	25	46,605	10,200	36,405	15	0	10	37,900	8,205	29,695
13. Education	30	10	25	46,605	10,200	36,405	15	0	10	37,900	8,205	29,695
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	23,385	9,460	13,925	10	0	10	20,300	8,295	12,000
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630	0	0	0	2,095	1,585	515
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	20,825	7,530	13,295	10	0	10	18,205	6,715	11,490
Humanities	20	10	10	34,000	12,365	21,635	15	0	10	29,295	10,450	18,845
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,675	735	2,940	0	0	0	3,420	660	2,760
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	7,415	1,915	5,495	0	0	0	6,610	1,750	4,860
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	11,560	4,095	7,460	0	0	0	10,070	3,555	6,515
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	525	185	340	0	0	0	455	155	300
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	2,325	1,255	1,065	0	0	0	1,925	1,050	875
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	3,860	2,195	1,665	0	0	0	2,775	1,575	1,200
54. History	0	0	0	3,810	1,820	1,990	0	0	0	3,320	1,570	1,750
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	830	165	665	0	0	0	720	130	585
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	15	83,860	28,790	55,065	35	10	25	72,710	25,400	47,315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,155	220	930	0	0	0	1,020	200	820
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	11,400	4,015	7,380	0	0	0	9,885	3,435	6,450
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	9,690	735	8,955	0	0	0	7,890	615	7,275
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	15,515	5,275	10,245	10	0	0	13,435	4,770	8,665
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,605	560	1,045	0	0	0	1,430	480	945
42. Psychology	0	0	0	13,800	3,115	10,680	10	0	10	11,935	2,745	9,190
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	30,700	14,865	15,830	10	0	10	27,130	13,155	13,975
Business, management and public administration	60	10	55	177,710	75,825	101,885	80	40	40	151,340	66,070	85,275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	180	60	120	0	0	0	145	60	90
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,595	1,605	6,995	10	0	0	7,190	1,385	5,810
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	10	45	168,935	74,160	94,770	65	35	35	144,000	64,630	79,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	10	39,940	20,670	19,265	20	10	10	35,280	18,270	17,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	13,395	5,160	8,240	10	10	0	11,915	4,605	7,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	8,180	3,785	4,395	0	0	0	7,125	3,260	3,870
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	665	260	410	0	0	0	560	230	330
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	16,065	10,835	5,225	0	0	0	14,385	9,680	4,705
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,630	635	995	0	0	0	1,295	495	800
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	36,465	23,975	12,485	10	10	0	32,775	21,555	11,215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	30,070	21,020	9,055	10	0	0	27,025	18,865	8,165
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,630	200	1,430	0	0	0	1,385	170	1,210
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	4,030	2,275	1,755	0	0	0	3,675	2,070	1,610
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	730	485	250	0	0	0	685	455	230
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	25	10	173,505	149,155	24,355	45	35	10	141,165	119,620	21,550
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	6,470	4,065	2,410	0	0	0	5,715	3,555	2,165
14. Engineering	15	20	0	66,620	53,075	13,545	15	10	10	60,975	48,265	12,715
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	38,240	31,740	6,500	15	15	0	30,160	24,830	5,325
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0	20	0	10
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	28,060	27,225	835	10	10	0	20,365	19,740	625
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	22,210	21,530	675	0	0	0	15,535	15,080	455
48. Precision production	0	0	0	11,885	11,515	375	0	0	0	8,400	8,145	260
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15,905	7,900	8,005	10	0	0	10,880	5,175	5,705
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10,210	5,025	5,180	0	0	0	6,525	3,070	3,455
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	5,695	2,870	2,825	0	0	0	4,350	2,100	2,250
Health and related fields	35	0	35	111,080	22,865	88,215	30	0	25	91,710	19,495	72,215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	9,155	4,305	4,845	0	0	0	7,380	3,540	3,845
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	98,680	16,900	81,780	25	0	20	81,445	14,515	66,930
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	150	55	95
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	3,060	1,580	1,485	0	0	0	2,740	1,395	1,350
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	32,595	16,030	16,565	10	0	10	24,990	12,345	12,645
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	20,215	6,265	13,950	10	0	10	16,005	5,380	10,625
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	140	130	10	0	0	0	105	90	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	145	25	0	0	0	125	105	20
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,150	4,050	2,095	0	0	0	4,485	2,870	1,615
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	5,925	5,440	480	0	0	0	4,270	3,900	370
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	220	115	110	0	0	0	180	90	90
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	230	105	120	886,650	437,700	448,950	265	135	130	737,745	364,640	373,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	65	40	25	264,340	139,115	125,220	55	35	20	214,245	113,600	100,640
Education	15	0	10	33,450	6,965	26,475	15	0	10	27,425	5,745	21,680
13. Education	15	0	10	33,450	6,965	26,475	15	0	10	27,425	5,745	21,680
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	18,955	7,590	11,360	10	0	10	16,520	6,735	9,785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	1,900	1,360	540	0	0	0	1,595	1,150	450
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	17,045	6,230	10,815	10	0	10	14,920	5,580	9,335
Humanities	10	10	0	26,945	9,460	17,490	20	0	10	23,385	8,110	15,275
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,000	580	2,425	0	0	0	2,795	520	2,270
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,035	1,555	4,480	0	0	0	5,440	1,440	3,995
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	9,440	3,220	6,225	0	0	0	8,205	2,785	5,420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	390	130	260	0	0	0	340	110	230
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	1,865	985	875	0	0	0	1,575	845	730
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,680	1,520	1,160	0	0	0	1,930	1,110	820
54. History	0	0	0	2,930	1,365	1,565	0	0	0	2,585	1,210	1,375
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	595	105	490	0	0	0	515	90	420
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	10	69,810	23,220	46,590	25	10	15	60,535	20,560	39,980
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	975	200	775	0	0	0	870	180	685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	10,005	3,400	6,605	0	0	0	8,695	2,925	5,770
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	7,720	535	7,185	0	0	0	6,225	450	5,780
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	12,925	4,080	8,840	0	0	0	11,170	3,705	7,465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,335	455	885	0	0	0	1,180	385	795
42. Psychology	0	0	0	11,190	2,390	8,800	0	0	0	9,685	2,100	7,590
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	25,655	12,155	13,505	10	0	10	22,700	10,805	11,895
Business, management and public administration	35	15	30	145,930	61,450	84,480	50	30	20	124,905	53,865	71,040
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0	105	45	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	6,965	1,215	5,750	0	0	0	5,835	1,070	4,765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	15	30	138,835	60,195	78,640	40	25	20	118,970	52,750	66,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	30,605	14,930	15,680	15	10	10	27,230	13,335	13,895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10,695	3,995	6,695	0	0	0	9,575	3,600	5,975
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	6,400	2,855	3,545	0	0	0	5,600	2,495	3,105
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	555	215	340	0	0	0	465	190	270
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,875	7,435	4,435	0	0	0	10,735	6,710	4,020
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,085	425	660	0	0	0	860	335	525
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	31,330	20,720	10,615	15	10	0	28,300	18,680	9,610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	26,680	18,555	8,125	10	0	0	24,085	16,720	7,360
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,040	135	900	0	0	0	900	120	780
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	3,015	1,650	1,365	0	0	0	2,765	1,500	1,265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	600	380	225	0	0	0	555	350	205
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	20	10	138,260	116,630	21,630	30	25	10	113,170	94,000	19,170
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	5,185	3,050	2,130	0	0	0	4,610	2,700	1,910
14. Engineering	15	10	0	55,310	43,055	12,260	15	10	10	51,005	39,500	11,510
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	30,335	24,710	5,630	15	15	0	24,030	19,430	4,600
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	21,755	21,035	720	0	0	0	15,725	15,190	535
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	16,875	16,295	580	0	0	0	11,690	11,295	400
48. Precision production	0	0	0	8,785	8,485	305	0	0	0	6,095	5,885	200
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	12,720	5,985	6,735	10	0	0	8,820	4,045	4,780
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,810	3,590	4,220	0	0	0	5,000	2,240	2,765
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,515	0	0	0	3,820	1,805	2,015
Health and related fields	35	0	35	88,715	18,735	69,980	10	0	10	73,600	16,045	57,555
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	7,355	3,465	3,885	0	0	0	5,910	2,840	3,070
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	78,745	14,010	64,730	10	0	10	65,330	12,095	53,230
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	145	60	80	0	0	0	130	45	80
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	2,480	1,195	1,280	0	0	0	2,240	1,065	1,180
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	25,425	12,820	12,610	10	0	0	19,480	9,855	9,625
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15,385	4,880	10,500	0	0	0	12,230	4,210	8,020
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	100	90	10	0	0	0	80	70	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	85	80	0	0	0	0	50	45	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,140	3,420	1,725	0	0	0	3,695	2,380	1,315
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	4,710	4,340	370	0	0	0	3,425	3,150	275
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0	140	70	70
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	230	105	120	886,650	437,700	448,950	265	135	130	737,745	364,640	373,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	40	25	264,340	139,115	125,220	55	35	20	214,245	113,600	100,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	160	60	100	622,310	298,585	323,730	210	100	105	523,510	251,045	272,465
Location of study inside Canada	120	45	75	455,590	220,680	234,910	190	90	95	372,000	180,455	191,540
Same as province or territory of residence	90	40	50	328,175	157,540	170,630	150	75	80	267,640	128,510	139,130
Different than province or territory of residence	30	0	25	127,410	63,135	64,275	35	15	20	104,355	51,950	52,410
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	40	15	20	166,725	77,905	88,820	20	10	10	151,510	70,585	80,925
Americas	15	0	0	28,670	14,305	14,360	10	0	10	24,755	12,395	12,360
United States of America	15	0	0	17,465	9,425	8,040	10	0	10	14,510	7,920	6,590
Mexico	0	0	0	2,410	1,065	1,345	0	0	0	2,085	930	1,160
Cuba	0	0	0	250	145	110	0	0	0	235	135	95
Haiti	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	75	45	30
Jamaica	0	0	0	470	215	255	0	0	0	400	175	230
Brazil	0	0	0	1,670	690	980	0	0	0	1,555	665	890
Colombia	0	0	0	2,125	915	1,210	0	0	0	2,015	880	1,140
Peru	0	0	0	400	155	250	0	0	0	365	140	225
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,850	780	1,070	0	0	0	1,780	745	1,035
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	1,945	870	1,075	0	0	0	1,735	760	970
Europe	10	10	0	29,575	15,435	14,145	0	0	0	25,250	13,170	12,080
Belgium	0	0	0	220	130	90	0	0	0	170	100	70
France	0	0	0	1,225	630	595	0	0	0	1,155	600	555
Germany	0	0	0	1,235	645	590	0	0	0	925	515	405
Netherlands	0	0	0	795	430	370	0	0	0	600	315	285
Switzerland	0	0	0	415	220	190	0	0	0	280	150	130
Hungary	0	0	0	380	180	205	0	0	0	330	165	165
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	630	295	335	0	0	0	570	270	300
Poland	0	0	0	1,485	575	905	0	0	0	1,375	540	835
Romania	0	0	0	1,870	1,020	855	0	0	0	1,725	935	795
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,235	955	1,280	0	0	0	2,065	890	1,170
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,605	745	865	0	0	0	1,465	680	785
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	930	570	355	0	0	0	855	520	335
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	11,725	6,495	5,220	0	0	0	9,355	5,195	4,155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	345	185	155	0	0	0	280	145	130
Italy	0	0	0	350	210	140	0	0	0	315	170	140
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	375	180	190	0	0	0	360	180	180
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	3,760	1,955	1,805	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,635
Africa	0	0	0	13,270	6,695	6,570	0	0	0	12,240	6,200	6,040
Nigeria	0	0	0	4,965	2,375	2,590	0	0	0	4,635	2,225	2,415
Algeria	0	0	0	340	170	170	0	0	0	330	170	160
Morocco	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0	380	205	175
Tunisia	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0	180	110	70
Egypt	0	0	0	1,670	860	810	0	0	0	1,610	825	785
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,690	855	840	0	0	0	1,315	665	655
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	3,985	2,105	1,880	0	0	0	3,795	2,005	1,790
Asia	20	10	10	91,990	39,695	52,295	0	0	0	86,450	37,320	49,140
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	2,155	1,010	1,145	0	0	0	2,105	980	1,120
Iraq	0	0	0	920	450	465	0	0	0	895	440	455
Israel	0	0	0	425	230	195	0	0	0	385	210	175
Lebanon	0	0	0	640	300	335	0	0	0	590	275	315
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	735	380	355	0	0	0	730	375	355
Turkey	0	0	0	390	235	160	0	0	0	385	235	155
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	11,260	5,010	6,250	0	0	0	10,965	4,890	6,075
Taiwan	0	0	0	585	145	440	0	0	0	565	140	430
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	805	315	495	0	0	0	790	310	485
Japan	0	0	0	1,045	275	770	0	0	0	995	270	720
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,925	1,615	2,305	0	0	0	3,715	1,535	2,175
Philippines	0	0	0	30,585	12,115	18,470	0	0	0	28,045	11,105	16,945
Viet Nam	0	0	0	855	335	520	0	0	0	810	315	495
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,405	540	870	0	0	0	1,360	510	845
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0	455	235	220
India	0	0	0	25,005	11,780	13,225	0	0	0	23,485	11,025	12,455
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,330	2,815	3,520	0	0	0	6,015	2,670	3,345
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,435	1,895	2,540	0	0	0	4,170	1,795	2,375
Oceania	0	0	0	3,225	1,775	1,450	0	0	0	2,815	1,510	1,305
Australia	0	0	0	2,545	1,385	1,160	0	0	0	2,225	1,200	1,025
New Zealand	0	0	0	555	315	240	0	0	0	480	255	230
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	105	55	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	365	160	205	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
In the labour force	220	100	120	882,705	463,170	419,540	255	135	120	730,055	382,305	347,750
Employed	200	90	105	776,015	408,675	367,335	225	125	100	638,645	335,655	302,995
Unemployed	25	10	10	106,695	54,490	52,205	25	0	20	91,405	46,650	44,755
Not in the labour force	145	55	85	395,665	167,985	227,680	220	85	135	326,175	138,875	187,310
Participation rate	60.3	62.5	58.5	69.0	73.4	64.8	53.7	61.4	47.1	69.1	73.4	65.0
Employment rate	54.8	56.3	51.2	60.7	64.8	56.8	47.4	56.8	39.2	60.5	64.4	56.6
Unemployment rate	11.4	10.0	8.3	12.1	11.8	12.4	9.8	0.0	16.7	12.5	12.2	12.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	370	155	205	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	475	220	255	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
Did not work¹⁸⁶	160	55	100	422,665	183,645	239,020	215	85	135	350,820	153,180	197,640
Worked	210	105	105	855,710	447,510	408,200	255	130	125	705,410	367,995	337,415
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	85	35	55	450,195	257,535	192,655	115	65	50	370,495	210,090	160,405
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	120	65	55	405,520	189,970	215,550	140	65	75	334,920	157,910	177,010
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.2	40.8	37.6	40.7	41.5	39.8	36.8	36.4	37.2	40.6	41.4	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	220	105	120	882,710	463,165	419,540	250	130	120	730,050	382,305	347,745
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0	25,210	12,180	13,025
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	220	105	115	853,695	449,150	404,550	250	130	120	704,840	370,120	334,720
Employee	160	70	90	715,140	365,090	350,050	190	105	80	596,075	303,490	292,590
Permanent position	140	70	75	600,125	311,480	288,645	170	95	70	498,865	258,105	240,765
Temporary position	15	0	15	115,020	53,615	61,405	20	10	15	97,210	45,385	51,825
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	37,760	16,790	20,970	0	0	0	33,010	14,890	18,125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	0	15	77,260	36,820	40,435	20	10	10	64,200	30,500	33,700
Self-employed¹⁹²	60	35	25	138,550	84,060	54,500	60	30	30	108,770	66,635	42,130
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	220	105	120	882,710	463,165	419,540	250	130	120	730,050	382,305	347,745
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0	25,210	12,180	13,025
All occupations¹⁹¹	220	105	115	853,695	449,150	404,550	250	130	120	704,840	370,120	334,720
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	11,440	8,585	2,850	0	0	0	8,910	6,645	2,265
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	161,170	53,245	107,930	50	25	30	135,315	46,270	89,040
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	20	15	94,565	72,340	22,225	50	25	20	83,405	63,705	19,695
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	69,305	13,810	55,490	15	0	10	58,670	11,985	46,685
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	25	92,850	30,655	62,195	20	10	10	77,125	25,355	51,770
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	24,120	10,450	13,675	10	0	10	20,330	9,105	11,230
6 Sales and service occupations	55	35	20	209,115	94,840	114,280	55	30	25	175,295	80,580	94,715
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	147,375	132,085	15,290	25	25	0	115,655	103,615	12,040
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	18,195	14,065	4,130	0	0	0	10,185	8,205	1,980
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	25,565	19,070	6,490	20	10	10	19,960	14,655	5,300
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	220	105	120	882,710	463,165	419,540	250	130	120	730,050	382,305	347,745
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0	25,210	12,180	13,025
All industries¹⁹¹	220	105	115	853,695	449,150	404,550	250	130	120	704,840	370,120	334,720
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	8,270	5,105	3,165	0	0	0	2,635	1,590	1,050
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	39,750	26,465	13,290	25	10	10	32,410	20,860	11,545
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10,285	6,785	3,500	0	0	0	8,485	5,525	2,960
23 Construction	20	10	10	75,665	63,720	11,945	20	20	0	58,805	49,750	9,055
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	41,545	30,255	11,295	20	10	10	33,130	24,105	9,030
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	27,195	18,765	8,430	0	0	0	22,295	15,400	6,895
44-45 Retail trade	25	15	10	96,885	46,555	50,330	30	20	0	80,115	38,770	41,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	56,135	40,670	15,470	20	15	0	46,840	34,225	12,610
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	14,840	8,750	6,090	10	0	0	12,790	7,585	5,205
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	30,760	13,930	16,825	10	0	0	26,450	12,325	14,125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	16,935	9,445	7,485	0	0	0	14,175	7,965	6,215
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	20	15	96,185	55,190	40,995	40	15	25	83,970	48,655	35,310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,660	1,210	1,450	0	0	0	2,240	995	1,250
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	37,790	21,285	16,510	0	0	0	31,495	17,855	13,640
61 Educational services	15	0	15	55,510	16,805	38,700	15	0	10	46,695	14,690	32,005
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	107,190	20,475	86,720	25	0	15	90,910	18,065	72,845
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	17,830	8,980	8,850	0	0	0	14,470	7,345	7,125
72 Accommodation and food services	15	15	0	49,900	22,440	27,460	10	0	0	42,785	19,585	23,200
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	37,065	16,090	20,975	15	0	0	29,975	12,560	17,415
91 Public administration	10	0	10	31,305	16,235	15,075	0	0	0	24,185	12,265	11,920
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	245	125	120	926,320	483,455	442,860	275	145	130	764,085	398,215	365,870
English	235	120	110	878,705	460,305	418,400	265	140	125	720,920	377,180	343,730
French	0	0	0	1,250	340	915	0	0	0	1,020	295	725
Non-official language	0	0	0	6,970	3,525	3,440	0	0	0	6,605	3,350	3,255
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	6,955	3,525	3,430	0	0	0	6,600	3,350	3,250
English and French	0	0	0	7,700	3,085	4,615	10	0	0	6,415	2,620	3,795
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30,355	15,535	14,825	0	0	0	27,865	14,130	13,730
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	740	340	405	0	0	0	665	305	370
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	575	325	250	0	0	0	570	320	250
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	245	125	120	926,320	483,455	442,860	275	145	130	764,085	398,215	365,870
Single responses	245	125	120	919,325	479,835	439,490	275	145	130	757,765	394,970	362,795
Official languages	240	120	115	906,220	473,040	433,180	275	145	130	745,365	388,565	356,810
English	240	120	115	903,745	472,395	431,350	275	145	130	743,325	387,970	355,360
French	0	0	0	2,475	650	1,835	0	0	0	2,040	595	1,445
Non-official languages	0	0	0	13,105	6,795	6,310	0	0	0	12,400	6,410	5,990
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	13,090	6,795	6,300	0	0	0	12,390	6,410	5,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	470	250	215	0	0	0	450	245	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0	430	235	195
Amharic	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	35	25	10
Arabic	0	0	0	335	170	165	0	0	0	315	165	150
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	70	35	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	840	330	510	0	0	0	800	305	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	820	320	505	0	0	0	780	295	485
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	555	290	265	0	0	0	535	275	260
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	495	260	240	0	0	0	480	245	235
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0	30	0	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,395	2,930	2,465	0	0	0	4,915	2,660	2,260
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0	425	175	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0	425	175	250
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0	130	50	80
Russian	0	0	0	180	80	105	0	0	0	175	75	100
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0	25	20	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	95	50	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	70	35	35
German	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	70	35	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,355	2,015	1,345	0	0	0	3,090	1,860	1,225
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,220	1,960	1,260	0	0	0	2,955	1,810	1,140
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0	70	35	30
Hindi	0	0	0	130	80	50	0	0	0	110	60	45
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,745	1,740	1,005	0	0	0	2,505	1,605	900
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	225	95	135	0	0	0	225	95	135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	50	80	0	0	0	135	50	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0	125	50	70
Dari	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0	90	35	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,425	650	780	0	0	0	1,285	565	720
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	55	30	0	0	0	75	50	30
Romanian	0	0	0	60	40	30	0	0	0	40	25	15
Spanish	0	0	0	1,255	540	715	0	0	0	1,150	475	670
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	105	25	75	0	0	0	105	25	75
Korean	0	0	0	810	445	365	0	0	0	775	435	345
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	35	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	4,665	2,410	2,255	0	0	0	4,560	2,355	2,205
Chinese languages	0	0	0	4,645	2,395	2,245	0	0	0	4,540	2,340	2,200
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,960	995	965	0	0	0	1,910	975	935
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,650	1,375	1,270	0	0	0	2,595	1,340	1,250
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	35	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	50	15	35
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	0	40	0	0	0	35	0	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	7,000	3,625	3,375	0	0	0	6,320	3,245	3,075
English and French	0	0	0	1,000	445	555	0	0	0	805	365	435
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5,765	3,065	2,695	0	0	0	5,280	2,770	2,515
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	75	30	50
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0	130	65	60
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	245	125	120	926,320	483,455	442,860	275	145	130	764,085	398,215	365,870
None	235	120	110	893,045	467,350	425,695	265	140	125	734,060	383,675	350,390
English	0	0	0	6,235	2,990	3,245	0	0	0	5,720	2,795	2,930
French	0	0	0	5,615	2,385	3,230	10	0	0	4,720	2,005	2,720
Non-official language	0	0	0	17,585	8,825	8,760	0	0	0	16,030	8,000	8,030
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0	90	40	50
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	17,465	8,780	8,690	0	0	0	15,945	7,965	7,980
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	660	330	335	0	0	0	640	305	330
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0	440	215	225
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0	2,460	1,210	1,250
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	200	90	105	776,010	408,680	367,335	230	125	100	638,645	335,655	302,990
Worked at home	70	25	40	215,520	105,290	110,230	70	30	40	182,015	89,915	92,100
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	2,820	2,095	725	0	0	0	2,460	1,800	660
No fixed workplace address	40	25	15	113,260	83,885	29,375	35	20	10	89,650	66,145	23,505
Usual place of work	90	35	50	444,410	217,405	227,005	115	65	45	364,515	177,790	186,730
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	90	35	50	444,410	217,405	227,005	115	65	50	364,520	177,790	186,730
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	80	35	45	361,065	170,000	191,065	100	55	35	332,545	158,240	174,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	69,230	37,715	31,505	15	10	0	22,900	13,305	9,595
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10,095	7,060	3,035	0	0	0	5,875	4,210	1,665
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	4,020	2,625	1,395	0	0	0	3,200	2,035	1,165
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	130	65	65	557,670	301,290	256,380	150	90	60	454,170	243,935	210,235
Car, truck or van	105	55	50	473,465	261,055	212,410	110	70	40	378,085	208,085	169,995
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	55	50	441,645	249,990	191,655	105	70	35	350,765	198,775	151,990
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	31,820	11,060	20,755	0	0	0	27,315	9,310	18,005
Public transit	20	0	15	40,930	17,775	23,165	15	0	10	39,905	17,255	22,645
Walked	0	0	0	22,670	10,345	12,325	0	0	0	19,195	8,805	10,390
Bicycle	0	0	0	4,355	3,240	1,115	0	0	0	3,955	2,970	985
Other method	0	0	0	16,245	8,875	7,365	20	10	10	13,035	6,820	6,215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	130	65	65	557,670	301,290	256,380	150	90	60	454,170	243,935	210,235
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	128,460	58,155	70,310	35	10	20	97,610	44,795	52,810
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	30	242,460	130,855	111,610	75	55	20	213,150	115,080	98,070
30 to 44 minutes	30	15	15	125,765	75,100	50,660	20	10	10	99,695	58,885	40,805
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	31,050	18,505	12,545	0	0	0	20,845	11,730	9,110
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	29,930	18,665	11,265	0	0	0	22,870	13,440	9,430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	130	65	65	557,670	301,290	256,380	150	90	60	454,170	243,935	210,235
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	37,665	27,280	10,390	30	15	15	28,655	20,330	8,325
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	0	0	100,900	63,500	37,400	25	25	0	79,585	49,005	30,585
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	10	10	143,455	75,755	67,700	30	15	15	116,785	61,460	55,320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	35	15	20	105,095	50,620	54,475	20	10	10	86,045	42,180	43,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	20	79,595	35,415	44,180	40	20	20	67,250	30,565	36,680
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	10	90,950	48,715	42,230	0	0	0	75,850	40,390	35,455
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	90	45	45	356,225	183,250	172,980	115	65	50	285,180	146,410	138,775
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	25,335	12,890	12,445	15	10	5	20,385	10,340	10,050
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	45	45	330,890	170,360	160,535	100	55	45	264,795	136,070	128,725
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	35	30	259,535	133,590	125,945	90	45	40	205,680	105,675	100,005
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	18,890	9,625	9,270	15	10	5	15,120	7,690	7,430
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	9,575	4,670	4,910	10	5	0	7,850	3,820	4,030
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	9,315	4,955	4,360	5	0	0	7,275	3,870	3,400
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35	240,640	123,965	116,675	75	40	35	190,560	97,990	92,580

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table