Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060689More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062273More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			CanadaMore information: [Country] Remove			Calgary, City (CY)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	575	...	...	1,371	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	1,306,784	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	1,239,220	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	247	...	...	495	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	531,062	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	233	...	...	486	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	502,301	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,058.5	...	...	2,409.5	...	...	4.2	...	...	1,592.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.19	...	...	0.57	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	820.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	575	295	285	1,375	685	685	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	1,306,780	648,835	657,950
0 to 14 years	95	50	45	285	145	135	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	235,855	121,145	114,710
0 to 4 years	50	25	25	85	40	45	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	73,840	37,865	35,980
5 to 9 years	20	10	15	110	60	50	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	80,585	41,225	39,365
10 to 14 years	20	15	5	90	45	45	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	81,425	42,055	39,370
15 to 64 years	430	220	210	975	485	490	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	893,525	445,660	447,865
15 to 19 years	35	20	20	90	55	35	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	73,490	37,720	35,770
20 to 24 years	35	15	15	80	40	35	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	78,365	40,280	38,085
25 to 29 years	35	20	15	70	35	30	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	88,385	43,930	44,460
30 to 34 years	45	30	15	105	50	55	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	105,960	52,030	53,930
35 to 39 years	80	40	40	105	45	60	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	110,765	54,785	55,985
40 to 44 years	55	30	30	120	60	55	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	100,080	49,490	50,595
45 to 49 years	40	25	15	120	60	70	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	91,385	45,430	45,945
50 to 54 years	45	20	25	125	70	55	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	84,725	42,550	42,175
55 to 59 years	35	10	20	100	45	55	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	82,570	41,000	41,570
60 to 64 years	20	5	10	65	35	35	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	77,790	38,450	39,345
65 years and over	50	20	25	110	50	60	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	177,405	82,035	95,375
65 to 69 years	10	10	5	40	20	20	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	62,120	30,410	31,710
70 to 74 years	25	15	15	30	15	20	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	46,495	22,225	24,270
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	15	5	10	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	28,965	13,485	15,485
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	10	10	5	840,545	370,905	469,645	19,405	8,370	11,035
85 years and over	5	0	0	10	5	5	861,395	319,540	541,860	20,420	7,540	12,875
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	10	5	5	525,445	212,735	312,705	12,620	4,995	7,625
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	258,035	87,300	170,735	6,225	2,115	4,110
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	1,375	390	990
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	195	45	155
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	16.9	15.8	20.7	21.2	19.7	16.3	16.9	15.6	18.0	18.7	17.4
15 to 64 years	74.8	74.6	73.7	70.9	70.8	71.5	64.8	65.4	64.2	68.4	68.7	68.1
65 years and over	8.7	6.8	8.8	8.0	7.3	8.8	19.0	17.7	20.2	13.6	12.6	14.5
85 years and over	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.7	0.7	2.3	1.8	2.9	1.6	1.2	2.0
Average age of the population	36.7	35.8	37.6	36.5	35.6	37.4	41.9	41.0	42.8	38.8	38.2	39.5
Median age of the population	36.8	36.0	38.0	38.0	36.8	38.4	41.6	40.4	42.8	38.0	37.6	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	235	...	...	485	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,300	...	...
Single-detached house	55	...	...	485	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	276,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	5	...	...	746,560	...	...	31,660	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	980,110	...	...	48,860	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...	0	...	...	821,490	...	...	21,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40	...	...	0	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	81,870	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	40,700	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	200	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	235	...	...	490	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
1 person	60	...	...	90	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	132,695	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	150	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	159,955	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	95	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	80,020	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	90	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	79,565	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	60	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	50,070	...	...
Number of persons in private households	570	290	285	1,365	685	685	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	480	245	235	1,090	535	550	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	1,070,930	527,695	543,240
Married or living common-law	255	125	130	660	325	330	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	624,845	312,690	312,150
Married	170	85	90	540	270	270	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	529,175	264,635	264,545
Living common-law	80	40	40	120	60	65	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	95,665	48,060	47,610
Living common law - Never married	65	30	30	80	40	45	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	73,555	37,065	36,490
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	10	5	5	123,830	65,045	58,785	3,080	1,645	1,435
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	5	30	15	15	721,715	365,760	355,950	17,645	8,750	8,890
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	1,390	595	795
Not married and not living common-law	225	120	110	425	210	215	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	446,090	215,005	231,085
Not married and not living common law - Never married	155	95	60	315	175	140	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	313,900	170,360	143,540
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	20	5	20	741,135	319,045	422,090	24,245	10,380	13,865
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	10	30	65	25	40	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	67,400	25,865	41,535
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	25	5	15	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	40,550	8,395	32,150
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	160	...	...	390	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	356,225	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	170	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	164,970	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	95	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	78,740	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	80	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	79,565	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	45	...	...	855,960	...	...	32,950	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	390	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	356,220	...	...
Total couple families	125	...	...	330	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	304,050	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	265	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	256,225	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	175	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	155,795	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	95	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	100,430	...	...
Common-law couples	40	...	...	60	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	47,830	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	25	...	...	808,645	...	...	14,805	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	40	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	33,020	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	65	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	52,170	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	55	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	40,670	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	10	...	...	383,670	...	...	11,505	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	575	290	280	1,370	685	680	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
Total - Persons in census families	450	215	235	1,190	595	600	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	1,060,650	527,080	533,570
Married spouses or common-law partners	255	125	130	650	325	330	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	608,110	304,145	303,965
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30	65	15	55	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	52,170	11,500	40,665
Children⁶	165	90	80	470	260	215	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	400,375	211,435	188,940
In a two-parent family	125	70	55	365	200	170	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	319,875	167,975	151,905
In a one-parent family	45	20	20	105	60	45	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	80,495	43,460	37,035
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	120	75	50	170	90	85	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	231,120	115,080	116,040
Living alone	60	35	25	85	45	40	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	132,690	62,770	69,920
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	5	30	15	15	927,345	393,085	534,260	34,850	14,875	19,980
Living with non-relatives only	40	25	15	55	30	30	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	63,575	37,435	26,140
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	230	...	...	485	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	502,300	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	135	...	...	330	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	302,280	...	...
Couple-family households	105	...	...	280	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	262,950	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	175	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	147,735	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	110	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	115,220	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	45	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	39,325	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	15	...	...	441,745	...	...	17,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	94,235	...	...	4,035	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	30	...	...	450,415	...	...	18,975	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	20	...	...	663,835	...	...	27,275	...	...
One-person households	60	...	...	85	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	132,690	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	475	240	235	1,080	540	550	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,056,225	521,185	535,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	235	225	1,040	510	525	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	1,003,515	495,570	507,940
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	46,400	40,000	44,800	53,200	39,200	41,200	46,400	36,800	44,400	50,800	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	235	225	1,040	510	525	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	1,004,015	495,845	508,175
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	41,600	37,200	40,000	46,400	35,600	36,800	40,800	33,600	40,000	44,800	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	215	205	930	470	460	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	909,585	457,190	452,395
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	45,200	36,800	42,000	51,200	32,000	35,200	42,400	29,200	40,400	48,400	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	190	180	850	435	420	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	761,365	391,230	370,130
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	44,000	40,800	43,200	52,400	34,400	37,200	43,200	32,000	42,400	49,600	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	210	195	905	435	475	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	880,900	428,430	452,470
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,900	5,160	8,400	7,200	5,200	8,500	9,800	8,500	11,000	7,500	5,640	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	25	35	150	75	70	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	115,990	54,710	61,280
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,320	6,500	5,960	5,160	6,240	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	160	85	70	385	180	205	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	326,795	158,290	168,500
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	515	240	275	1,095	535	565	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	235	270	1,055	515	545	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	1,003,175	495,345	507,830
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,200	65,000	56,000	50,100	55,600	44,800	54,450	62,650	46,560	64,600	76,500	53,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	235	270	1,055	515	545	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	1,003,685	495,595	508,095
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	53,600	46,800	42,900	46,800	39,200	44,920	50,320	39,680	52,500	60,400	44,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	210	250	925	470	455	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	909,780	457,395	452,390
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,000	63,600	51,600	47,300	52,800	41,600	50,240	59,500	41,000	61,600	74,500	48,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	380	170	205	845	425	415	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	761,230	391,465	369,765
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,000	58,400	52,000	47,100	53,800	40,200	50,280	58,050	42,000	60,450	71,900	48,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	195	220	920	430	490	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	879,935	427,945	451,995
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,960	10,500	9,500	9,880	8,440	11,160	11,170	10,180	12,060	10,010	8,920	11,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45	20	25	165	95	70	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	115,600	54,695	60,905
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,000	7,200	6,280	5,900	6,800	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,060	6,620	7,460
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	165	85	80	415	190	220	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	325,765	158,290	167,480
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,000	9,600	9,360	10,000	8,800	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,350	9,260	9,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	515	240	275	1,095	530	560	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,175	535,055
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	85	90	365	215	150	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	356,230	200,300	155,925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	64,500	75,000	73,500	74,000	70,500	63,600	69,000	58,000	72,500	79,000	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,000	86,000	77,000	76,000	77,000	75,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	93,600	105,800	77,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	155	65	90	380	175	205	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	309,535	144,060	165,475
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,800	14,200	18,400	22,000	16,600	18,400	21,000	16,600	20,400	23,000	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,500	34,000	40,000	26,400	32,400	21,400	29,160	33,960	24,860	33,600	39,360	28,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.0	86.0	86.0	82.8	87.0	77.5	82.2	86.4	76.8	86.4	90.0	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	66.0	72.0	75.2	80.0	69.5	66.8	70.6	61.7	71.0	74.2	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.7	13.6	13.8	17.2	12.7	22.6	17.8	13.7	23.1	13.6	10.1	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.2	1.2	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.3	1.0	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	5.4	5.6	8.0	7.2	8.9	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.2	4.2	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	5.0	5.2	7.4	6.8	8.0	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.7	3.9	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	475	240	235	1,085	535	545	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without total income	15	5	10	45	30	20	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	52,710	25,610	27,100
With total income	460	235	220	1,035	510	530	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	1,003,510	495,570	507,940
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	25	95	40	55	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	88,650	37,295	51,350
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	20	85	30	55	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	95,485	40,550	54,935
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	40	145	70	75	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	150,395	67,505	82,885
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	25	135	50	85	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	120,085	52,190	67,895
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	110	45	65	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	102,800	47,405	55,400
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	15	110	55	55	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	84,010	40,150	43,855
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	95	55	35	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	69,945	34,995	34,950
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	70	45	20	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	56,175	29,855	26,315
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	15	45	30	20	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	43,630	24,315	19,315
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	45	30	15	965,950	553,435	412,510	36,520	20,230	16,285
$100,000 and over	90	50	35	105	65	40	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	155,825	101,065	54,765
$100,000 to $149,999	45	30	20	80	50	35	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	90,875	54,255	36,615
$150,000 and over	40	20	20	25	10	10	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	64,950	46,810	18,145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	475	240	235	1,085	535	545	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without after-tax income	15	5	10	45	30	20	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	52,205	25,340	26,860
With after-tax income	460	235	220	1,035	510	530	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	1,004,020	495,845	508,175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	95	40	55	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	92,205	38,635	53,565
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	90	35	55	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	99,660	42,515	57,150
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	165	80	85	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	170,545	76,940	93,605
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	20	175	65	110	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	139,800	62,515	77,285
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	135	65	75	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	119,345	56,570	62,770
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	10	120	70	50	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	94,265	46,850	47,410
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	95	60	35	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	71,155	37,840	33,320
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	15	50	30	20	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	52,530	29,120	23,415
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	10	55	35	25	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	41,555	22,700	18,850
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	30	15	10	643,700	402,325	241,380	28,220	16,610	11,610
$100,000 and over	55	30	25	35	25	10	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	94,730	65,540	29,195
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	15	20	10	10	792,455	530,970	261,490	39,250	25,260	13,985
$125,000 and over	30	20	10	15	10	0	804,335	578,645	225,695	55,485	40,285	15,205
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	475	240	235	1,085	535	545	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,056,220	521,185	535,035
Without employment income	105	50	55	235	110	125	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	294,855	129,955	164,905
With employment income	370	190	180	850	430	420	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	761,365	391,235	370,135
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	25	30	95	45	55	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	93,565	43,905	49,665
$5,000 to $9,999	25	5	20	80	35	50	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	61,265	26,265	35,000
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	80	30	50	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	84,600	37,635	46,965
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	10	75	35	40	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	65,430	30,260	35,170
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	70	30	40	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	62,020	29,540	32,480
$40,000 to $49,999	30	20	10	65	30	30	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	60,110	29,420	30,685
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	80	35	40	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	56,160	27,655	28,505
$60,000 to $69,999	15	15	5	75	45	30	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	50,010	25,670	24,345
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	15	60	40	20	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	40,770	22,575	18,195
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	40	30	10	929,490	539,395	390,095	33,160	18,845	14,315
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	40	20	20	760,035	439,505	320,530	29,855	16,295	13,560
$100,000 and over	75	40	35	85	55	30	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	124,415	83,170	41,245
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	10	55	35	20	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	49,530	29,135	20,400
$125,000 and over	50	25	20	30	20	10	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	74,880	54,035	20,845
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	475	240	235	1,080	540	550	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,056,225	521,185	535,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	440	225	215	1,005	490	520	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	980,505	483,190	497,310
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	47,200	41,600	45,600	54,000	38,000	39,200	45,200	34,000	43,600	51,200	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	440	225	215	1,005	490	520	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	980,815	483,265	497,550
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	41,600	39,200	41,200	46,800	34,800	35,200	40,000	31,200	39,200	44,800	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	400	210	190	920	465	455	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	897,540	451,120	446,420
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	48,000	44,000	46,000	53,200	36,400	36,800	44,000	30,800	43,200	51,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	350	180	170	840	430	405	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	762,840	391,880	370,965
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	46,400	45,200	47,600	55,200	40,000	38,000	44,400	32,800	44,400	51,600	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	185	180	865	415	455	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	833,025	405,905	427,120
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,480	1,040	2,840	1,060	890	3,520	4,240	1,960	6,450	1,140	950	2,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	50	20	25	95	45	50	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	70,610	32,260	38,350
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,520	5,640	5,720	5,920	5,440	5,720	5,560	5,960	6,600	5,840	7,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	515	240	275	1,095	535	565	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	200	250	1,010	490	515	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	980,005	482,985	497,015
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,000	64,500	58,400	50,800	58,600	43,400	52,350	61,250	43,800	64,200	77,400	51,450
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	200	250	1,010	490	515	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	980,295	483,045	497,250
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,600	52,800	48,800	42,900	48,200	37,800	42,920	49,000	37,160	51,800	60,800	43,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	425	195	230	905	470	435	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	897,990	451,595	446,395
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,800	59,200	58,400	51,400	58,600	43,600	51,040	60,800	41,320	64,500	78,300	50,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	330	150	180	830	440	390	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	762,865	392,125	370,740
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,600	60,000	61,200	52,800	60,000	44,800	50,560	58,800	41,800	63,450	75,800	50,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	380	185	195	875	415	460	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	833,205	406,035	427,170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	7,100	5,720	5,320	3,320	7,120	7,950	6,990	8,800	6,005	4,932	7,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	55	30	30	100	55	45	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	70,185	31,980	38,210
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,200	9,000	8,600	8,000	9,200	7,560	6,880	8,210	8,230	7,210	9,090
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	515	240	275	1,095	530	560	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,175	535,055
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	75	90	375	225	150	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	352,800	198,465	154,335
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	78,000	69,500	62,400	62,400	62,000	60,000	66,000	53,600	69,500	76,500	62,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,500	80,000	79,000	73,200	75,500	70,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	91,200	104,000	74,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	120	45	75	340	170	170	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	292,225	136,270	155,955
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	36,000	29,000	35,600	41,600	29,400	24,200	28,000	21,800	28,800	32,400	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,000	46,000	46,000	38,800	46,400	31,200	35,200	41,280	29,720	43,240	51,500	36,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	90.0	92.0	90.8	95.0	85.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	92.0	94.6	88.2
Employment income (%)	72.5	68.0	76.0	85.2	91.0	78.5	71.8	75.0	67.2	77.0	79.6	73.2
Government transfers (%)	8.9	10.2	7.7	9.1	4.8	14.8	12.3	8.9	16.9	7.9	5.4	11.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.2	1.0	1.6	0.9	0.6	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	235	...	...	490	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	60	...	...	85	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	132,690	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	61,200	...	...	41,600	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	37,200	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	400	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	369,610	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	240	...	...	500	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	106,400	...	...	106,300	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	91,200	...	...	87,700	...	...	104,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	105	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	132,725	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	53,350	...	...	67,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	44,360	...	...	55,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	390	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	369,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	118,400	...	...	128,200	...	...	151,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	122,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	235	...	...	490	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	165,175	...	...	5,975	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	91,750	...	...	2,895	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	178,475	...	...	3,930	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	274,140	...	...	5,410	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	637,695	...	...	14,160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	505,875	...	...	14,505	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	488,735	...	...	12,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	560,950	...	...	14,120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	572,650	...	...	15,160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	559,155	...	...	15,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	30,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	31,950	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	40	...	...	986,460	...	...	31,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	921,205	...	...	29,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	844,835	...	...	28,640	...	...
$100,000 and over	120	...	...	260	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	245,760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	100	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	61,565	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	50	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	47,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	70	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	61,440	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	35	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	75,515	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	235	...	...	490	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	186,735	...	...	6,665	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	95,195	...	...	2,985	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	183,430	...	...	4,035	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	289,545	...	...	5,855	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	681,900	...	...	15,290	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	589,110	...	...	16,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	582,275	...	...	14,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	666,675	...	...	16,635	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	676,995	...	...	18,230	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	655,100	...	...	18,030	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	37,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	45	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	38,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	36,910	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	45	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	35,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	55	...	...	911,515	...	...	31,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	100	...	...	195	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	203,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	85	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	64,210	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	50	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	45,680	...	...
$150,000 and over	60	...	...	55	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	93,720	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	380	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	350,080	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	115	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	119,715	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	195	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	170,690	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	60	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	47,790	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	64,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	100	60	40	145	75	65	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	196,265	100,210	96,060
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	45,200	32,400	53,200	54,000	51,600	38,400	40,000	36,800	44,000	45,200	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	43,600	30,200	47,200	49,600	45,200	34,800	36,000	33,600	39,600	40,000	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	195	...	...	370	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	350,020	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	116,400	...	...	128,600	...	...	151,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	122,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	130	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	119,860	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	113,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	190	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	170,590	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	185,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	178,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	143,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	50	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	47,630	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	82,300	...	...	89,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	71,800	...	...	77,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	50	20	35	175	85	85	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	196,265	100,075	96,185
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	45,000	48,000	56,800	57,000	56,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	59,850	61,150	58,550
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	40,000	40,000	48,000	48,000	48,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	49,480	50,080	48,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	570	290	280	1,365	680	685	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
0 to 17 years	120	55	60	325	170	155	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	279,980	143,740	136,235
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	105	50	55	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	90,035	46,090	43,945
18 to 64 years	400	210	190	930	460	470	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	844,490	419,605	424,880
65 years and over	50	20	30	110	50	60	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	167,305	78,810	88,495
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	55	25	35	95	40	55	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	115,560	55,845	59,720
0 to 17 years	10	5	10	35	15	20	854,565	439,490	415,075	30,045	15,495	14,550
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	15	5	10	282,315	144,250	138,065	9,980	5,085	4,895
18 to 64 years	45	15	25	55	20	30	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	68,060	33,225	34,835
65 years and over	5	0	5	10	5	5	985,745	391,695	594,050	17,455	7,120	10,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	8.5	12.0	7.1	6.2	8.0	11.1	10.5	11.6	9.0	8.7	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	8.0	12.0	11.0	9.0	12.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	10.7	10.8	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	12.0	12.0	12.0	12.7	12.7	12.7	11.1	11.0	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	9.0	12.0	5.6	4.4	6.8	9.7	9.4	9.9	8.1	7.9	8.2
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	x	9.0	10.0	8.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	10.4	9.0	11.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	575	290	280	1,370	685	680	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
0 to 17 years	120	60	60	330	175	155	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	279,975	143,740	136,235
0 to 5 years	55	25	25	110	55	55	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	90,035	46,090	43,945
18 to 64 years	400	205	195	930	460	470	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	844,490	419,610	424,880
65 years and over	50	25	25	110	55	60	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	167,305	78,810	88,495
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	20	60	30	35	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	74,755	38,790	35,970
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	20	5	10	319,545	164,490	155,060	16,260	8,345	7,910
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	99,435	50,875	48,560	5,165	2,630	2,530
18 to 64 years	25	15	15	40	20	25	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	52,615	27,685	24,930
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,155	83,010	116,145	5,885	2,755	3,135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.0	7.2	4.4	3.8	4.8	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.8	6.0	5.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	6.0	6.0	5.0	6.0	4.5	4.6	4.5	5.8	5.8	5.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	6.0	8.0	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	5.7	5.7	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.0	8.0	4.4	3.6	4.8	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.2	6.6	5.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	570	290	285	1,365	685	685	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,291,770	642,160	649,610
In bottom half of the distribution	265	130	130	640	310	330	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	567,165	277,385	289,775
In bottom decile	45	20	25	85	35	45	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	107,675	54,440	53,230
In second decile	60	30	30	95	35	60	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	113,610	53,540	60,065
In third decile	70	40	30	105	55	50	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	112,705	54,705	58,005
In fourth decile	40	15	20	165	85	80	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	115,075	56,390	58,690
In fifth decile	45	25	25	185	90	90	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	118,100	58,310	59,790
In top half of the distribution	310	160	150	730	370	355	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	724,605	364,770	359,830
In sixth decile	40	25	20	190	95	95	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	122,380	60,845	61,535
In seventh decile	40	15	20	155	75	75	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	125,895	62,890	63,005
In eighth decile	55	30	20	160	90	70	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	132,170	66,300	65,865
In ninth decile	65	35	30	145	80	70	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	145,410	73,125	72,290
In top decile	105	55	55	80	45	40	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	198,750	101,615	97,135
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	575	...	...	1,370	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	1,291,770	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.354	...	...	0.252	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.348	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.471	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.314	...	...	0.226	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.327	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	575	290	280	1,370	680	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English only	500	250	255	1,240	635	610	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	1,177,415	591,385	586,025
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	825	350	480
English and French	65	40	30	105	45	70	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	85,355	39,160	46,200
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	15	10	10	689,725	284,170	405,555	32,520	13,125	19,395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	575	290	280	1,370	680	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English	545	275	270	1,295	650	650	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	1,240,980	619,695	621,280
French	20	15	5	30	15	20	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	16,810	8,335	8,480
English and French	5	5	0	15	10	5	476,175	237,635	238,535	6,620	3,275	3,345
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	15	10	10	673,100	275,685	397,420	31,705	12,710	18,995
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	575	290	280	1,370	680	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
Single responses	535	265	265	1,300	650	650	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	1,229,455	611,620	617,835
Official languages	420	215	210	950	485	465	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	846,405	428,260	418,145
English	405	205	200	915	470	450	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	830,305	420,265	410,040
French	15	10	5	35	15	20	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	16,100	7,990	8,105
Non-official languages	110	55	55	350	170	185	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	383,050	183,360	199,690
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	580	240	345
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	415	165	250
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	175	80	90
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	185	70	120
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	185	70	120
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	5	0	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	10	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	50	15	30
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	10	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	125	45	75
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	55	15	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	45	15	35
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	20	0	15
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	30	10	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	50	30	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	45	25	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	10	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	10	5	5
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	15	10
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	10	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	5	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	80	30	55
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	15	5	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	60	20	40
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	5	0	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	10	5	0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	55	55	350	170	185	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	382,470	183,120	199,345
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	55	25	25	698,355	359,625	338,730	34,290	17,610	16,680
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	125	70	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	90	45	45
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	5	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	40	20	20
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	40	20	20
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	30	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	3,165	1,585	1,580
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	170	85	85
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	1,370	685	685
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	1,600	795	805
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	25	20	5
Semitic languages	15	10	10	50	25	25	618,450	320,045	298,405	30,935	15,925	15,005
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	4,460	2,140	2,315
Arabic	15	10	10	25	10	10	508,410	265,350	243,060	20,395	10,695	9,705
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	635	305	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	325	160	165
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	215	100	110
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	95	40	55
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	40	20	25
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	455	225	230
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	15	5	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	20	10	10	31,075	15,775	15,300	4,890	2,510	2,380
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	192,985	87,230	105,750	13,755	6,180	7,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,525	8,820	10,705	795	365	425
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10	173,000	78,180	94,820	12,855	5,750	7,100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	110	60	50
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	70	30	40	565,375	238,875	326,500	51,040	22,530	28,505
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	195	85	110
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	865	370	495
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	1,840	815	1,020
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	955	405	550
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	3,435	1,545	1,890
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	665	270	395
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	190	80	110
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	85	40	40
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	30	15	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	5	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	25	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	135	65	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	460	225	240
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	195	95	100
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	60	25	35	461,150	194,805	266,345	41,375	18,235	23,135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	155	75	75
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	420	180	235
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	560	275	285
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	165	75	85
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	15	10	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	55	25	30
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	95	50	50
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	145	75	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	80	40	40
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	244,165	125,180	118,990	6,430	3,300	3,125
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	355	180	175
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	2,655	1,335	1,320
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,850	75,010	77,845	2,095	1,095	1,000
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,045	17,095	12,950	1,255	660	595
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	50	25	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	20	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	120	70	55
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	30	130	65	70	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	182,725	89,715	93,015
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	1,330	695	630
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	260	135	125
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	648,810	297,100	351,710	27,355	12,635	14,725
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	435	205	230
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	170	75	95
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	270	130	140
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	638,250	292,670	345,580	26,925	12,430	14,490
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	20	5	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	785	395	390
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	1,190	545	650
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	135	70	70
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	6,845	3,190	3,650
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0	197,905	89,100	108,800	9,460	4,205	5,255
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	4,440	2,150	2,290
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	780	380	405
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	1,755	830	925
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	1,830	900	925
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	75	40	35
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	940	465	475
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	195	85	110
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	2,900	1,315	1,585
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	10	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	100	55	45
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	20	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	40	25	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	10	10	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	5	0	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	12,360	5,935	6,430
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	30	15	15
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	7,370	3,450	3,915
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	7,100	3,315	3,790
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	210	105	100
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	55	25	30
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	3,940	1,950	1,990
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	905	445	455
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	2,750	1,370	1,375
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	20	15	10
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	10	5	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	180	75	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	70	35	35
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,275	9,500	10,775	1,000	495	505
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	560	295	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	40	20	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	165	70	95
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,645	3,245	235	110	125
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	25	15	5
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0	93,335	45,860	47,470	1,385	640	745
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	60	30	35	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	98,325	49,490	48,840
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	60	25	30	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	85,530	43,050	42,485
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	45	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	4,350	2,175	2,180
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0	138,985	73,335	65,655	6,290	3,245	3,045
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,825	79,585	73,240	7,905	3,990	3,920
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	1,030	455	580
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	75	40	35
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	160	75	85
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,145	7,330	6,810	980	495	480
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	2,195	1,135	1,065
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	95	50	40
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	55	30	25
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	40	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	0	666,585	341,515	325,065	43,685	21,975	21,710
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,070	1,915	285	150	135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10	18,000	8,895	9,110	960	475	490
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	15	235,290	118,540	116,755	16,835	8,445	8,390
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	625	330	290
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	300,555	150,160	150,390	12,760	6,425	6,335
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	50	30	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	1,055	515	540
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	20	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	1,960	1,000	960
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	262,625	130,180	132,440	9,625	4,835	4,780
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	2,800	1,400	1,395
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	5,565	2,800	2,765
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	1,255	635	620
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	55	25	25	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	41,550	20,105	21,450
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	45	15	25
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	319,505	154,295	165,205	4,100	2,060	2,040
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	240,680	115,235	125,450	4,065	1,935	2,125
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5	93,160	44,185	48,975	4,155	2,045	2,115
Spanish	20	10	10	40	20	20	538,870	259,500	279,375	29,175	14,035	15,135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	15	10	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	55	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5	43,850	14,205	29,650	2,195	735	1,455
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	10,205	4,705	5,510
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	450	200	245
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,295	52,850	55,440	5,870	2,945	2,920
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	620	315	305
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	10	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	90	45	40
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	50	30	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	80	35	45
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	35	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	60	25	30
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	55	25	30
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	730	380	355
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	190	95	95
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	55	30	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	25	5	15
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	115	55	60
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	85	40	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	140	60	80
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	290	130	155
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	10	5	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	35	15	25
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	725	355	380
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	80	40	45
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	1,685	880	805
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	700	335	360
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	1,270	640	625
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	535	295	240
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	375	165	215
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	305	155	155
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	55	35	25
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	230	115	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	185	100	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	45	20	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	65	35	30	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	67,255	31,260	36,000
Chinese languages	5	5	0	65	35	30	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	65,980	30,640	35,335
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	280	135	150
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	20	15	679,255	310,750	368,510	31,270	14,465	16,810
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	30	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,805	12,415	15,390	1,205	515	690
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	250	125	125
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	30	15	15	553,380	255,540	297,835	32,065	14,990	17,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	5,500	6,110	840	380	460
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	1,235	600	635
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	255	120	135
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	90	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	220	110	115
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	170	85	85
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	55	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	635	320	325
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	45	25	25
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	1,070	390	685
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	415	195	215
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	620	175	445
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	35	15	20
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,520	28,385	25,135	1,870	1,000	865
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	240	135	110
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	55	20	35
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,190	23,615	20,570	1,340	730	610
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	65	30	35
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	95	45	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	65	30	40
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	3,070	1,415	1,655
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	70	35	35
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	240	85	155
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	2,765	1,300	1,465
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	60	35	25
Multiple responses	40	25	20	65	25	35	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	66,660	32,400	34,265
English and French	10	5	0	5	5	5	291,325	142,420	148,905	5,245	2,530	2,715
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	55	25	25	921,480	450,685	470,800	53,970	26,410	27,560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	5	0	117,910	57,875	60,040	1,145	565	580
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	52,880	25,900	26,975	1,015	465	545
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,095	42,330	49,765	5,295	2,430	2,865
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	575	290	280	1,370	680	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
English	445	225	220	940	480	455	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	858,205	432,905	425,300
French	0	0	0	5	0	0	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	3,800	1,885	1,915
Non-official language	20	10	10	80	35	50	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	119,530	56,930	62,595
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	45	20	20
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	80	35	50	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	119,485	56,915	62,570
English and French	15	5	5	20	10	10	953,760	465,560	488,205	12,035	5,650	6,380
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	295	140	150	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	283,170	137,555	145,610
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,320	188,195	207,125	525	235	290
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	15	5	10	455,760	217,995	237,770	6,990	3,275	3,715
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	200,320	93,165	107,155	11,860	5,575	6,290
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	575	290	280	1,370	680	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,296,120	644,020	652,095
Single responses	535	270	270	1,290	645	645	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	1,226,245	609,935	616,315
Official languages	485	250	240	1,065	540	525	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	983,495	492,440	491,055
English	485	245	235	1,060	535	520	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	977,675	489,585	488,090
French	5	0	5	5	0	0	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	5,820	2,860	2,965
Non-official languages	50	20	25	225	105	120	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	242,750	117,500	125,255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	105	40	60
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	65	30	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	35	15	20
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	25	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	25	15	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	5	0	5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	15	5	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	10	5	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	10	5	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	10	5	5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	5	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	5	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	20	5	15
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	20	5	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	25	225	105	120	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	242,650	117,455	125,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	35	15	15	395,840	197,010	198,830	21,960	10,980	10,975
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	45	30	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	35	20	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	5	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	25	10	10
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	25	10	10
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	15	10	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	2,135	1,040	1,100
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	130	65	70
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	995	495	495
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	1,010	470	535
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	35	15	15	352,790	176,270	176,520	19,740	9,895	9,845
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	2,800	1,320	1,485
Arabic	5	5	5	15	10	5	285,915	143,650	142,260	12,395	6,275	6,120
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	485	230	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	250	120	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	150	75	80
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	85	45	45
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	25	10	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	235	115	115
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5	21,860	11,050	10,810	3,765	1,920	1,845
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	127,730	58,660	69,070	9,355	4,270	5,090
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	430	190	240
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5	116,785	53,735	63,055	8,840	4,030	4,810
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	80	45	35
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	45	25	25	326,245	149,550	176,700	32,480	15,230	17,250
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	75	35	35
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	470	220	245
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	1,090	530	560
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	520	250	270
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	2,135	990	1,150
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	225	115	110
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	110	50	55
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	50	30	20
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	15	5	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	15	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	40	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	240	120	120
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	50	25	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	45	25	25	275,045	125,870	149,170	27,210	12,710	14,500
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	70	40	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	180	90	90
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	325	155	170
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	115	60	60
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	10	5	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	20	15	10
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	70	35	40
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	70	35	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	35	10	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,705	85,265	84,440	4,160	2,085	2,080
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	190	90	95
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	1,785	890	900
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,335	54,240	58,095	1,395	710	680
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,470	10,215	8,250	760	375	380
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	75	40	30
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	10	75	35	40	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	112,245	55,440	56,805
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	610	325	290
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	140	65	75
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,480	143,495	159,985	12,980	6,225	6,760
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	195	95	95
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	70	40	35
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	120	60	60
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,985	142,375	158,610	12,790	6,130	6,660
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	360	175	185
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	345	160	185
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	70	35	35
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	2,795	1,345	1,455
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	6,055	2,880	3,170
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	1,860	905	960
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	315	155	160
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	650	300	350
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	895	440	450
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	350	165	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	35	20	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	905	435	470
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	15	5	10
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	1,535	735	805
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	5	5	5
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	665	320	345
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	640	305	335
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	10	5	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	725	345	380
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	435	215	225
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	275	125	150
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	20	5	10
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	130	60	75
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	70	30	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0	38,300	17,490	20,810	430	185	245
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	20	25	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	73,220	36,630	36,595
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	15	20	962,820	490,815	472,000	64,720	32,425	32,290
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	20	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	2,905	1,420	1,490
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	4,045	2,085	1,960
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,930	47,555	44,375	5,165	2,605	2,565
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	565	235	325
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	50	25	30
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	70	35	35
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,800	3,660	565	285	280
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	1,565	805	765
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	40	20	20
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	25	15	10
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	520,390	266,775	253,610	36,445	18,325	18,120
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	165	85	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	9,665	4,775	4,890	520	255	265
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5	158,040	78,420	79,615	12,250	6,075	6,175
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	340	165	175
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,420	99,545	104,875	8,490	4,190	4,295
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	735	355	380
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	1,215	625	595
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,745	87,075	92,670	6,470	3,185	3,285
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	1,710	830	880
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,840	61,060	64,780	3,900	1,930	1,975
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	860	430	430
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	35	20	20	577,735	273,965	303,770	23,265	11,255	12,015
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	25	10	15
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,755	38,750	54,005	945	425	520
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,730	56,685	62,045	2,220	1,090	1,125
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5	48,090	23,135	24,955	1,980	980	995
Spanish	10	5	5	30	10	15	317,365	155,005	162,360	18,095	8,740	9,360
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	5	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	40	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	1,075	455	615
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	7,740	3,650	4,090
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	305	135	170
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	2,045	965	1,080
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	315	155	160
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	5	5	5
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	45	25	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	15	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	15	5	10
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	195	100	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	80	40	45
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	35	10	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	10	0	10
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	20	10	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	40	20	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	55	25	30
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	85	35	50
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	10	5	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	275	125	145
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	50	25	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	615	290	325
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	150	65	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	700	350	350
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	325	185	145
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	255	110	145
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	120	60	60
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	380	210	165
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	295	160	135
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	80	50	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	967,965	450,210	517,755	47,145	22,180	24,965
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	955,685	444,115	511,565	46,220	21,715	24,505
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	80	30	50
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	15	15	530,945	249,675	281,270	23,495	11,210	12,290
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,945	6,255	7,685	460	185	280
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	150	75	75
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	15	15	393,430	180,000	213,435	21,510	9,980	11,530
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,360	3,625	500	230	270
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	910	460	455
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	160	75	80
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	85	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	165	80	85
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	125	65	60
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	485	250	235
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	435	205	230
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	175	80	95
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	240	110	125
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	25	10	15
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	1,135	580	560
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	120	55	65
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	15	10	5
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	910	470	440
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	35	15	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	40	15	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	25	15	5
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	1,065	505	555
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	35	20	15
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	1,025	490	540
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	25	15	10
Multiple responses	35	20	15	75	35	35	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	69,870	34,085	35,785
English and French	5	0	0	10	5	5	230,955	112,070	118,880	2,485	1,205	1,285
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	65	35	30	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	64,950	31,765	33,190
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	125,525	60,405	65,125	240	105	135
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,805	27,370	29,430	640	290	350
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	1,550	715	835
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	575	290	280	1,370	685	680	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	1,296,115	644,020	652,100
None	490	245	245	1,085	550	540	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	1,038,845	519,700	519,145
English	30	15	15	115	55	60	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	97,335	47,975	49,365
French	10	5	5	10	5	5	571,040	268,530	302,510	9,450	4,360	5,090
Non-official language	25	10	10	110	50	55	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	116,850	55,575	61,275
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	600	265	330
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10	110	50	55	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	116,250	55,305	60,945
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	86,185	42,600	43,585	1,235	595	640
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	15	5	10	323,845	161,995	161,850	15,885	7,880	8,005
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	134,565	61,575	72,995	3,285	1,535	1,755
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	190	105	90
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	20	15	5	234,905	115,470	119,430	13,040	6,300	6,735
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	595	285	310	1,375	660	715	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,291,770	642,130	649,635
Official languages	595	285	310	1,360	655	705	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	1,259,370	628,960	630,410
English	595	285	310	1,360	655	705	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	1,258,480	628,565	629,915
French	45	30	15	100	50	55	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	86,135	39,155	46,980
Non-official languages	195	100	100	465	210	255	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	518,025	249,240	268,785
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	1,600	630	965
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	1,045	395	650
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	460	180	275
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	520	215	305
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	520	215	305
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	25	15	10
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	220	65	155
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	25	25	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	235	105	130
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	25	10	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	25	10	10
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	120	40	85
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	120	40	85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	15	0	10
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	55	10	45
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	50	15	30
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	225	90	135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	215	85	130
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	25	15	15
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	10	0	10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	170	70	100
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	35	10	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	35	10	30
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	15	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	15	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	30	10	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	20	20	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	215	115	100
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	15	0	15
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	20	20	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	170	90	80
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	35	20	15
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	15	0	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	20	0	15
Non-Indigenous languages	195	100	100	465	210	255	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	516,570	248,665	267,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	52,310	27,045	25,265
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	275	175	95
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	165	90	70
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	80	60	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	25	25	10
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	350	215	135
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	340	210	135
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	85	35	45
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	4,685	2,455	2,225
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	235	130	105
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	2,085	1,115	970
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	2,420	1,260	1,165
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	15	10	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	48,400	24,960	23,435
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	8,360	4,130	4,230
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	15	838,045	436,510	401,540	33,325	17,480	15,845
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	820	480	345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	345	210	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	370	210	160
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	120	65	50
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	80	45	35
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	1,975	1,000	975
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	30	15	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	7,570	3,870	3,695
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	125	90	40
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	0	25	260,030	120,035	139,995	19,430	8,935	10,495
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	1,135	540	595
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	0	25	232,800	107,435	125,355	18,090	8,270	9,820
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	270	150	120
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	60	30	35	793,275	336,445	456,840	70,310	31,065	39,240
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	505	265	240
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	1,065	475	595
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	3,285	1,510	1,775
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	90	50	40
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	1,265	525	735
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	6,395	2,785	3,610
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	1,175	545	635
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	250	105	145
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	85	50	35
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	40	20	20
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	30	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	780	350	430
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	1,130	490	635
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	460	235	225
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	55	25	35	737,565	310,735	426,830	66,715	29,420	37,300
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	390	190	200
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	1,700	770	925
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	1,915	975	940
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	540	285	255
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	135	55	80
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	125	60	60
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	355	170	185
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	475	275	205
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	470	225	240
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	359,485	185,160	174,325	10,080	5,160	4,920
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	1,075	550	530
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	3,775	1,935	1,840
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	237,890	119,570	118,320	4,200	2,140	2,055
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,685	30,575	24,110	2,335	1,220	1,115
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	70	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	25	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	220	120	100
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	60	40	210	100	115	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	257,340	126,440	130,900
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	1,825	990	840
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	460	265	195
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	25	15	0	15	820,305	384,390	435,915	34,205	16,055	18,150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	485	220	270
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	155	65	90
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	330	155	175
Slavic languages	60	35	25	15	0	15	809,985	380,025	429,960	33,920	15,935	17,985
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	85	30	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	985	445	540
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	1,940	970	970
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	290	135	150
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	8,485	4,025	4,460
Russian	50	25	20	0	0	0	309,235	145,375	163,860	14,155	6,685	7,470
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	6,010	2,820	3,195
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	1,560	745	810
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	3,010	1,400	1,615
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	2,905	1,385	1,520
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	120	55	65
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	1,295	590	700
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	280	115	165
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,655	59,230	72,425	4,265	1,890	2,375
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	435	245	190
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	205	125	85
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	85	35	40
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	135	80	60
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	15	15	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	15	10	0	658,705	319,800	338,905	21,235	10,295	10,935
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	55	20	35
High German languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	14,220	6,860	7,360
German	10	0	10	0	0	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	13,950	6,720	7,235
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	10	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	350	165	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	110	65	40
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	5,870	2,990	2,885
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	1,785	960	825
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	3,780	1,890	1,885
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	40	25	15
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	230	90	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	125	60	65
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	1,920	895	1,030
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	940	480	460
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	50	15	35
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	380	165	215
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	630	275	355
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	2,155	1,065	1,090
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	140	55	85	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	132,795	67,155	65,640
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	135	55	75	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	118,560	60,020	58,540
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	80	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	6,005	3,015	2,990
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,415	110,000	99,405	10,800	5,485	5,315
Hindi	0	0	0	35	15	15	761,425	395,410	366,015	42,160	21,290	20,875
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	2,245	985	1,260
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	190	95	95
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	425	200	230
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,230	18,210	17,020	2,245	1,150	1,095
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	2,880	1,485	1,395
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	105	45	55
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	15	10	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	85	40	50
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	942,170	488,075	454,090	61,205	31,170	30,030
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	630	360	270
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	10	25	33,050	16,645	16,400	1,330	640	690
Urdu	0	0	0	90	45	45	414,870	211,895	202,975	29,980	15,280	14,705
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	1,355	730	625
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370,520	186,750	183,770	16,480	8,290	8,195
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	1,360	690	670
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	2,930	1,485	1,445
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,285	163,665	162,620	12,595	6,355	6,230
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	4,430	2,165	2,265
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	6,735	3,460	3,275
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	1,605	835	770
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	160	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	165	90	75
Italic (Romance) languages	20	20	0	40	30	15	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	71,550	34,010	37,540
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	100	45	60
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	547,655	263,950	283,705	8,730	4,240	4,490
Portuguese	10	10	0	10	0	10	336,865	164,985	171,880	6,170	3,070	3,100
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	5,390	2,695	2,695
Spanish	15	10	0	15	10	0	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	54,235	25,520	28,715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	120	75	45
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	145	65	80
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	4,845	2,125	2,715
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	11,695	5,490	6,205
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	640	300	335
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	267,520	131,495	136,025	16,975	8,610	8,365
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	1,270	645	620
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	35	20	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	310	165	145
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	100	45	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	170	110	65
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	275	140	140
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	110	60	45
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	155	70	85
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	2,800	1,465	1,335
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	295	140	150
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	395	185	210
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	75	25	50
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	15	10	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	255	140	110
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	125	65	65
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	145	85	65
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	580	270	310
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	20	10	10
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	120	60	55
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	3,220	1,700	1,520
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	35	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	230	130	100
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	5,915	2,900	3,015
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	2,355	1,175	1,180
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	1,815	925	890
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	815	435	380
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	440	200	240
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	575	300	270
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	170	80	90
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	1,775	630	1,145
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	1,495	515	980
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	335	155	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	81,025	38,350	42,680
Chinese languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	79,265	37,475	41,795
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	390	160	235
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	35	987,300	452,995	534,305	45,330	21,095	24,235
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	35	25	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	2,295	1,000	1,295
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	335	140	195
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	50	20	25	724,925	335,185	389,740	42,090	19,730	22,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	840	395	445
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	40	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	1,785	885	900
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	495	245	250
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	120	60	60
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	365	180	190
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	295	145	150
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	85	35	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	765	395	370
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	155	70	85
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	105	40	65
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	1,640	680	955
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	595	300	295
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	1,160	445	710
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	60	25	40
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,375	47,575	43,800	3,420	1,785	1,635
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	550	285	270
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	170	75	95
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,500	41,130	37,365	2,530	1,425	1,100
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	110	30	80
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	180	80	100
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	105	50	65
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	3,760	1,750	2,010
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	125	55	70
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	360	170	190
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	3,290	1,535	1,755
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	485	275	210
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	595	285	310	1,375	660	710	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	70	35	35	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	41,350	19,270	22,085
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	65	30	30	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	39,720	18,515	21,210
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	15	15	0	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	18,440	8,300	10,135
Métis	0	0	0	50	20	30	624,220	306,220	318,000	20,855	9,990	10,865
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	430	220	205
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	865	385	475
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	765	365	395
Non-Indigenous identity	580	285	295	1,305	625	675	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	1,250,420	622,865	627,555
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	595	285	310	1,375	660	710	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	25	10	15	831,720	402,310	429,405	14,405	6,575	7,825
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	595	285	310	1,350	650	695	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	1,277,370	635,560	641,810
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Owner	120	...	...	440	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	345,690	...	...
Renter	120	...	...	55	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	156,615	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	50	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	124,190	...	...
Not condominium	240	...	...	445	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	378,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	132,060	...	...	2,920	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	10	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	59,385	...	...
2 bedrooms	55	...	...	65	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	116,625	...	...
3 bedrooms	90	...	...	275	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	167,895	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	90	...	...	155	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	155,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	65	...	...	55	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	153,485	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	110	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	78,585	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	125	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	69,385	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	85	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	59,530	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	120	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	141,320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.5	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	235	...	...	480	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	486,420	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	15	...	...	353,715	...	...	15,885	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Suitable	235	...	...	475	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	476,790	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	25	...	...	805,650	...	...	25,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	0	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	43,855	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	20	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	133,035	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	25	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	59,780	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	435	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	75,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	15	...	...	959,860	...	...	50,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	0	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	47,665	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	45,850	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	30	...	...	0	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	46,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	220	...	...	455	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	479,525	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	40	...	...	919,545	...	...	22,780	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
One-maintainer household	135	...	...	200	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	242,815	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	260	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	228,860	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	35	...	...	687,485	...	...	30,630	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	424,695	...	...	13,825	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	65	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	83,280	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	110	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	110,705	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	140	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	100,130	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	140	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	93,305	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	20	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	62,865	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	15	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	27,860	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	457,900	...	...	10,340	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	235	...	...	495	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	499,855	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	185	...	...	395	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	385,380	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	55	...	...	100	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	114,470	...	...
30% to less than 100%	50	...	...	85	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	102,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	240	...	...	495	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	502,305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	160	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	150,520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	50	...	...	95	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	103,650	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	25	...	...	595,110	...	...	19,875	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	40	...	...	645,465	...	...	14,995	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	135,770	...	...	4,215	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,355	...	...	6,360	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	250	...	...
Acceptable housing	165	...	...	335	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	351,785	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	235	...	...	485	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	488,040	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	35	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	49,860	...	...
Not in core need	205	...	...	450	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	438,185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	445	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	345,680	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.6	...	...	78.7	...	...	60.0	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...	18.0	...	...	14.8	...	...	17.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	5.7	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,040	...	...	1,800	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,880	...	...	1,620	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,774	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	380,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	456,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	394,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	519,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	55	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	156,615	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.0	...	...	36.4	...	...	33.2	...	...	34.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.0	...	...	33.3	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	1,920	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,580	...	...	1,650	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,404	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	590	290	305	1,375	660	715	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	985,200	480,950	504,245	14,495	6,615	7,875
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	963,705	470,850	492,855	14,125	6,430	7,695
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	763,230	371,400	391,825	10,035	4,560	5,475
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	3,975	1,790	2,185
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	115	75	40
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	370	190	185
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	355	180	180
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	85	35	45	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	34,850	16,545	18,305
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	75	35	45	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	33,825	16,090	17,740
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	40	15	20	801,630	384,550	417,075	19,015	9,015	10,005
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	40	15	25	362,130	174,975	187,150	14,490	6,925	7,565
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	320	145	170
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	1,030	460	570
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	935	420	515
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	60	20	35
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	585	290	295	1,285	620	660	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	1,242,425	618,970	623,455
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	595	285	305	1,375	665	715	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,291,770	642,135	649,640
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	505	240	260	1,240	610	630	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	1,131,540	565,050	566,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	45	45	320	160	165	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	257,900	132,670	125,230
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	415	200	215	920	455	465	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	873,645	432,380	441,265
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	45	45	130	50	85	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	160,225	77,085	83,140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	595	285	305	1,375	665	715	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,291,770	642,135	649,640
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	425	200	225	880	420	460	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	834,100	420,985	413,120
Immigrants⁸¹	160	85	75	475	230	245	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	430,640	207,060	223,575
Before 1980	15	10	0	45	25	15	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	48,430	23,310	25,115
1980 to 1990	15	15	0	25	15	10	924,320	443,805	480,520	40,330	19,730	20,600
1991 to 2000	40	20	15	55	20	40	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	61,465	29,575	31,890
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	175	105	70	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	117,055	56,175	60,875
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	35	45	175	65	105	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	163,365	78,275	85,095
2011 to 2015	25	0	20	65	40	30	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	82,050	39,320	42,735
2016 to 2021	55	30	25	105	25	80	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	81,315	38,960	42,360
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	20	15	0	924,850	499,490	425,365	27,025	14,085	12,940
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	160	80	75	470	230	245	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	430,640	207,065	223,575
Under 5 years	15	15	0	35	15	25	748,265	377,795	370,470	37,050	18,960	18,090
5 to 14 years	30	15	10	110	60	45	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	71,460	37,200	34,265
15 to 24 years	25	0	15	80	50	35	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	74,550	34,020	40,525
25 to 44 years	85	50	40	205	80	120	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	204,525	97,045	107,480
45 years and over	0	0	0	50	20	25	797,180	364,260	432,920	43,060	19,840	23,220
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	160	80	75	470	230	245	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	430,640	207,065	223,575
Americas	0	0	0	30	20	15	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	44,125	20,585	23,540
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	2,010	890	1,120
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	5,865	2,710	3,160
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	2,425	1,135	1,290
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	740	340	400
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	510	295	220
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10	145,360	63,430	81,925	3,135	1,475	1,660
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	4,895	2,410	2,480
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	1,070	470	595
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	1,315	620	695
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	256,090	115,380	140,705	10,895	4,960	5,935
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0	250,760	116,305	134,460	11,260	5,275	5,985
Europe	40	30	15	65	40	25	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	68,740	34,275	34,465
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	2,000	960	1,045
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	1,330	620	705
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	1,265	645	620
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	4,685	2,155	2,525
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	865	455	415
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	1,550	740	815
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,065	101,445	102,625	3,075	1,590	1,490
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	2,620	1,375	1,245
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	5,890	2,750	3,140
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,795	62,880	65,910	990	505	485
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	4,025	2,030	1,995
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	4,210	1,785	2,430
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	980	460	515
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	3,035	1,385	1,655
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	15	10	0	464,135	229,710	234,430	20,420	10,815	9,600
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	11,795	6,010	5,780
Africa	0	0	0	100	55	45	821,735	412,365	409,375	51,610	26,045	25,560
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	630	310	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	855	425	435
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	3,320	1,745	1,575
Eritrea	0	0	0	50	25	20	31,385	16,575	14,815	4,720	2,465	2,250
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	7,090	3,435	3,655
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,775	41,085	40,685	870	445	425
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	12,450	6,340	6,110
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	1,580	775	805
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	3,095	1,620	1,480
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	15	10	314,995	157,170	157,825	17,005	8,480	8,525
Asia	105	45	60	265	110	155	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	262,700	124,535	138,160
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	3,980	1,970	2,010
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	5,515	2,865	2,650
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,130	42,660	41,465	3,935	1,990	1,950
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	4,095	2,205	1,890
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	4,340	2,280	2,060
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,270	18,835	16,435	1,085	540	545
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	60	20	40	715,835	317,970	397,860	36,245	16,615	19,625
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,855	100,480	113,375	10,775	5,180	5,595
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	8,215	3,835	4,375
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	2,110	885	1,220
Philippines	50	20	30	60	35	30	719,580	305,115	414,460	65,430	29,000	36,430
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	0	25	182,095	82,670	99,425	15,395	6,875	8,525
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	3,510	1,785	1,725
India	0	0	0	25	15	15	898,050	451,120	446,930	56,510	28,275	28,240
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	10	234,105	118,390	115,715	18,375	9,305	9,070
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15	136,240	66,215	70,030	1,820	900	925
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	15	15	10	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	21,375	10,040	11,335
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	10	0	10	61,965	31,055	30,910	3,470	1,630	1,840
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	30	25	105	25	75	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	81,315	38,960	42,360
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	7,550	3,475	4,070
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	840	355	490
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	615	245	370
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	105	55	45
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	475	215	255
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	1,265	645	615
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	2,130	1,000	1,130
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	885	390	500
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	1,245	570	675
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	6,505	3,340	3,170
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	200	95	105
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	225	105	120
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	470	315	160
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	260	160	105
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	635	235	405
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	680	295	385
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	1,420	805	610
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	2,615	1,330	1,290
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	15,065	7,475	7,590
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	60	15	50
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	40	15	25
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	380	170	210
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	155	85	75
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	55	30	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	595	300	300
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	2,525	1,325	1,195
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	1,845	880	965
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	210	95	110
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	5,885	2,895	2,990
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	310	140	170
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	650	360	295
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	445	215	225
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	95	65	30
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	1,815	895	920
Asia	40	15	25	90	25	65	823,205	393,110	430,090	51,570	24,320	27,250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	845	405	435
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	630	310	320
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	10	20	118,035	50,365	67,665	5,520	2,410	3,115
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	310	120	190
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	246,995	128,205	118,790	14,070	7,095	6,970
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	865	415	445
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	945	440	505
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	340	185	150
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	170	25	140
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	165	90	70
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	1,740	740	1,000
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	425	215	210
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	460	235	230
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	2,315	1,130	1,185
Philippines	40	15	25	30	10	20	151,490	66,720	84,765	15,485	7,055	8,435
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	265	160	105
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	145	75	70
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	3,070	1,630	1,445
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	405	175	225
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	360	200	165
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	15	14,725	5,605	9,125	955	310	640
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	2,090	885	1,205
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	620	345	280
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	435	230	205
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	185	115	75
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	595	285	310	1,375	660	710	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,130	649,635
First generation¹⁰⁰	180	100	80	510	250	260	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	471,470	228,280	243,195
Second generation¹⁰¹	105	40	70	285	150	135	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	281,465	142,090	139,380
Third generation or more¹⁰²	310	150	155	580	260	320	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	538,830	271,765	267,065
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	145	75	70	430	205	225	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	382,215	183,750	198,460
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	110	55	50	195	100	95	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	215,420	108,005	107,410
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	20	20	75	55	20	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	88,050	52,955	35,090
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	35	25	115	45	80	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	127,375	55,055	72,315
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	0	20	125	30	90	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	107,140	43,925	63,210
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	110	70	35	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	55,735	29,885	25,845
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	3,920	1,925	1,990
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	145	75	70	430	205	225	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	382,215	183,750	198,460
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	416,105	222,895	193,205	13,615	7,955	5,660
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	0	20	45	20	25	705,405	324,370	381,035	46,635	20,170	26,460
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10	0	10	183,250	92,135	91,110	9,450	4,855	4,595
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	25	15	10	377,130	188,535	188,590	22,045	11,495	10,545
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	1,375	605	770
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	115	60	55	325	150	175	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	289,095	138,665	150,425
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	595	285	310	1,375	660	710	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	130	50	75	630	305	325	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	534,695	262,355	272,340
South Asian	0	0	0	135	55	80	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	141,660	71,810	69,845
Chinese	10	10	0	140	70	65	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	91,410	44,315	47,095
Black	15	10	10	125	60	60	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	70,680	35,655	35,020
Filipino	65	25	40	110	50	60	957,355	427,755	529,600	84,215	38,660	45,550
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	694,015	362,845	331,170	30,735	16,175	14,560
Latin American	0	0	0	20	15	0	580,235	281,030	299,200	31,855	15,340	16,520
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	45	20	25	390,340	184,120	206,220	26,395	12,300	14,095
West Asian	10	0	10	0	0	0	360,495	181,795	178,695	15,150	7,705	7,440
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	12,380	5,945	6,430
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	5,825	2,530	3,295
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	25	10	10	172,885	83,310	89,580	5,445	2,710	2,740
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	20	10	10	331,805	160,790	171,010	18,955	9,210	9,745
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	465	235	230	745	360	385	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	757,075	379,775	377,295
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	595	285	305	1,375	665	715	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Canadian	75	25	45	160	60	95	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	125,490	65,430	60,065
English	75	35	40	230	130	100	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	205,980	102,400	103,575
Irish	70	35	40	175	80	95	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	153,865	74,665	79,195
Scottish	130	60	70	205	95	110	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	177,490	87,675	89,815
French, n.o.s.¹²²	0	0	0	140	45	95	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	79,635	39,135	40,500
German	70	35	40	155	80	70	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	146,970	72,775	74,190
Chinese	10	10	0	150	80	70	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	96,180	46,325	49,860
Italian	50	25	20	70	20	50	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	36,235	18,060	18,175
Indian (India)	0	0	0	55	20	35	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	71,115	35,960	35,155
Ukrainian	70	30	40	85	50	30	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	69,030	33,640	35,390
Dutch	15	10	0	35	25	15	988,585	489,045	499,545	38,505	19,070	19,430
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10	982,820	472,290	510,525	42,735	20,560	22,175
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	981,635	490,130	491,510	1,580	785	795
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	40	25	10	10	0	938,950	462,420	476,530	41,520	20,955	20,570
Filipino	70	25	45	115	55	55	925,490	414,915	510,570	79,200	36,580	42,625
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	9,130	4,545	4,590
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	55	30	25	691,260	347,080	344,175	20,860	10,850	10,005
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	15	10	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	12,415	5,805	6,615
Métis	0	0	0	45	20	30	560,335	271,985	288,350	19,805	9,345	10,460
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	0	30	0	20	551,910	278,060	273,850	22,790	11,410	11,380
Russian	45	15	25	15	0	10	548,140	260,075	288,065	28,470	13,255	15,215
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	35	466,500	224,290	242,210	32,675	15,535	17,140
Welsh	15	0	10	15	10	0	455,720	216,490	239,230	21,030	9,965	11,065
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	448,305	222,770	225,535	6,770	3,400	3,370
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	353,495	172,240	181,255	18,030	8,720	9,310
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	342,040	160,475	181,570	17,085	7,820	9,265
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	20,940	10,255	10,685
Hungarian	15	15	0	10	0	10	320,150	155,755	164,395	16,335	7,965	8,375
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	2,935	1,520	1,415
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	15	15	303,260	154,435	148,825	22,800	11,565	11,240
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	13,470	6,635	6,830
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	6,595	3,345	3,250
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	18,050	9,135	8,920
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	15	275,530	131,075	144,445	21,145	9,890	11,255
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	263,710	138,210	125,500	10,585	5,620	4,965
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	5,540	2,865	2,680
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	15	15	249,070	119,265	129,805	5,860	2,915	2,950
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	14,510	6,955	7,555
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	219,855	105,825	114,030	5,915	2,675	3,240
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,650	101,805	115,845	12,445	5,920	6,525
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	10,540	4,990	5,545
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	11,360	5,955	5,405
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	6,105	3,130	2,975
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	4,815	2,325	2,490
Danish	15	0	0	0	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	14,575	7,305	7,270
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	4,225	2,020	2,200
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	14,120	7,270	6,850
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	10	189,535	92,740	96,800	10,255	5,080	5,175
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	5,295	2,545	2,755
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	930	475	455
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	166,160	87,665	78,495	8,550	4,305	4,245
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	7,685	3,755	3,930
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	3,750	1,840	1,910
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	5,765	2,795	2,965
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	5,250	2,540	2,705
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	132,410	65,175	67,240	1,865	925	940
Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	5,170	2,540	2,635
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	7,785	3,465	4,320
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	4,655	2,305	2,345
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	1,330	620	705
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,735	54,730	56,005	6,340	3,050	3,290
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	6,060	3,145	2,915
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	4,610	2,475	2,135
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	5,960	2,910	3,050
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	1,370	710	665
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	6,025	3,195	2,830
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	6,420	3,075	3,345
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	880	425	460
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	6,295	3,085	3,215
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	4,215	2,150	2,065
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	1,210	595	615
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	6,465	3,170	3,290
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	2,530	1,325	1,205
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	3,125	1,485	1,635
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	1,165	595	575
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	1,500	795	705
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	3,940	1,925	2,015
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	1,030	470	565
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	2,700	1,440	1,260
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	1,495	745	750
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,745	39,955	36,795	2,610	1,435	1,175
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	520	265	255
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	3,570	1,810	1,765
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	645	320	320
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	2,555	1,260	1,290
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	8,120	4,145	3,975
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	925	495	430
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	3,520	1,750	1,770
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	2,620	1,220	1,400
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	2,830	1,485	1,350
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	2,120	890	1,230
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	3,035	1,470	1,570
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	2,325	1,150	1,175
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	930	495	430
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	3,670	1,710	1,960
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	2,645	1,375	1,270
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	1,330	650	680
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	380	165	220
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	835	370	465
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	2,015	880	1,130
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	2,915	1,465	1,445
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	3,060	1,585	1,475
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	1,675	910	760
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	2,925	1,505	1,420
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	1,045	500	545
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	850	380	470
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	6,695	3,225	3,465
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	2,920	1,375	1,550
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	1,450	690	760
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	5,200	2,640	2,560
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	1,960	965	985
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,700	22,325	19,370	405	225	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	1,870	1,030	835
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	505	230	275
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	385	185	200
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	1,445	715	730
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	1,960	925	1,035
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	410	170	235
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	1,665	880	785
Eritrean	0	0	0	50	25	20	36,290	18,185	18,110	5,320	2,700	2,615
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	940	465	475
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	1,095	565	525
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	500	300	200
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	1,685	790	900
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	1,305	635	670
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	5,465	2,785	2,685
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	1,405	705	700
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	640	310	330
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	935	435	495
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	1,030	545	480
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	300	150	155
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	1,305	675	630
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	830	395	435
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	1,870	890	975
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	3,025	1,445	1,575
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	30	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	1,025	485	540
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	1,200	585	610
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	930	485	450
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	1,200	555	645
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	1,555	750	800
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	1,015	505	510
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	2,575	1,195	1,380
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	920	445	475
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	805	420	385
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	520	295	225
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	405	210	190
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	125	85	40
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	1,050	545	510
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	980	480	500
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	1,060	525	530
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	1,145	525	620
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	1,410	705	705
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	645	320	325
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	440	225	215
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	1,185	370	810
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	405	245	160
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	2,255	1,175	1,085
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	95	50	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	420	215	200
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	3,150	1,635	1,515
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	730	350	380
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	215	95	120
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	1,580	685	895
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	50	20	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	990	545	445
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	245	125	120
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	1,095	590	500
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	2,480	1,205	1,275
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	40	30	10
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	350	125	225
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	1,175	560	620
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	200	100	95
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	420	210	210
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	80	40	45
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	1,150	595	555
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	1,010	480	525
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	10	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	145	100	45
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	1,270	645	625
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	210	110	105
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	280	120	160
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	160	60	105
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	150	70	85
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	2,240	1,220	1,020
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	800	355	445
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	450	190	255
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	1,050	510	540
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	20	10	10
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	175	65	110
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	445	220	225
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	460	245	210
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	175	90	85
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	280	150	130
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	225	90	135
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	665	375	290
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	165	80	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	555	255	305
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	575	310	270
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	340	150	185
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	545	255	285
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	110	45	65
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	140	70	70
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	420	190	235
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	180	65	115
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	140	100	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	670	350	320
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	110	35	70
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	820	420	400
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	790	340	450
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	350	185	165
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	330	165	160
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	790	415	375
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	660	295	365
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	540	250	285
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	985	455	535
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	70	25	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	105	60	45
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	80	45	35
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	300	145	150
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	1,560	875	685
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	795	425	375
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	555	280	275
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	70	35	40
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	445	255	190
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	175	80	90
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	85	40	45
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	295	125	165
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	345	210	130
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	1,195	560	625
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	65	25	35
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	70	35	30
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	155	80	70
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	230	90	140
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	215	100	110
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	25	15	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	145	75	70
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	255	135	120
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	200	95	100
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	180	95	85
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	85	40	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	820	405	415
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	325	120	205
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	390	195	195
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	605	340	265
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	280	130	145
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	810	435	380
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	100	30	70
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	595	290	310	1,375	660	710	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,291,770	642,135	649,635
Buddhist	0	0	0	50	15	35	356,975	157,435	199,540	20,855	9,225	11,625
Christian	315	145	170	575	255	320	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	575,250	270,555	304,690
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	20	15	95	35	60	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	121,585	58,010	63,575
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	2,100	1,020	1,075
Anglican	15	0	15	0	0	0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	27,005	12,375	14,635
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	436,940	200,325	236,615	10,875	5,050	5,825
Catholic	160	75	85	270	130	140	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	262,720	125,010	137,705
Christian Orthodox	40	30	15	60	35	30	623,010	301,055	321,955	24,020	11,690	12,330
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	5,160	2,300	2,860
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	9,895	4,590	5,305
Lutheran	10	0	10	15	0	10	328,045	150,115	177,925	14,005	6,325	7,675
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	2,570	1,160	1,415
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	399,025	180,870	218,155	14,690	6,905	7,785
Presbyterian	0	0	0	10	0	10	301,400	136,440	164,960	8,330	3,730	4,600
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	1,250	600	655
United Church	0	0	0	60	15	50	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	37,055	15,800	21,255
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	0	45	15	25	745,650	345,540	400,110	33,980	15,990	17,990
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	828,195	430,135	398,060	33,450	17,180	16,265
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	6,390	3,140	3,255
Muslim	15	10	0	140	75	60	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	95,925	48,855	47,075
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	771,790	394,345	377,445	49,465	24,885	24,580
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	1,370	500	870
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,015	97,645	131,370	9,695	4,165	5,535
No religion and secular perspectives	255	130	125	585	310	275	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	499,375	263,630	235,745
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	580	290	295	1,365	655	705	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	1,277,835	634,945	642,885
Non-movers	480	245	235	1,260	610	650	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	1,101,965	547,205	554,760
Movers	100	35	60	105	50	55	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	175,865	87,745	88,125
Non-migrants	70	25	50	105	50	55	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	132,940	66,500	66,445
Migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	42,925	21,245	21,680
Internal migrants	20	15	10	0	0	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	29,285	14,520	14,770
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	13,780	6,700	7,080
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	15,505	7,820	7,690
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	293,955	147,585	146,370	13,640	6,730	6,910
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	555	265	290	1,285	625	660	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	1,217,975	604,435	613,540
Non-movers	260	125	135	885	445	435	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	707,190	350,630	356,560
Movers	295	145	150	400	175	225	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	510,785	253,805	256,980
Non-migrants	210	100	110	335	150	185	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	333,555	166,780	166,775
Migrants	80	45	40	65	25	40	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	177,230	87,025	90,205
Internal migrants	45	30	15	30	15	20	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	103,835	51,155	52,680
Intraprovincial migrants	25	20	10	25	15	20	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	52,115	25,805	26,310
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0	0	0	921,345	459,695	461,650	51,725	25,355	26,370
External migrants	35	15	20	30	0	25	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	73,395	35,870	37,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	240	275	1,095	535	560	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,175	535,050
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	25	35	135	45	90	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	149,010	77,165	71,850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	455	220	240	960	485	470	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	907,215	444,015	463,205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	180	190	835	395	435	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	737,750	364,645	373,105
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	0	75	20	55	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	65,615	35,580	30,040
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	175	180	755	375	375	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	672,130	329,065	343,070
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	240	275	1,100	535	565	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	20	30	130	45	85	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	134,565	68,700	65,865
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	145	85	60	390	205	185	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	273,135	137,495	135,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	135	185	585	285	300	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	648,530	314,980	333,550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	60	80	355	175	185	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	271,085	134,270	136,810
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	20	15	75	45	30	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	62,155	45,900	16,255
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	0	30	20	10	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	22,795	12,780	10,015
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	10	50	30	20	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	39,360	33,125	6,235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	30	50	235	105	130	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	172,905	73,135	99,775
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	10	45	25	25	896,755	372,560	524,195	36,020	15,235	20,790
Bachelor's degree or higher	180	80	105	225	105	120	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	377,450	180,710	196,740
Bachelor's degree	120	60	60	170	75	95	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	258,985	121,715	137,275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	0	0	0	556,510	243,200	313,310	19,835	9,020	10,810
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	214,105	108,000	106,105	9,365	4,285	5,080
Master's degree	25	10	15	45	25	20	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	77,600	38,555	39,040
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	11,670	7,130	4,540
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	180	195	830	400	435	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	737,750	364,645	373,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	65	15	45	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	56,150	30,270	25,880
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	60	45	240	140	105	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	158,090	83,330	74,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	260	115	145	525	240	280	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	523,505	251,045	272,465
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	45	320	140	180	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	207,210	103,010	104,205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	15	10	70	40	30	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	46,300	34,495	11,805
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	25	15	0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	16,310	9,360	6,950
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	10	45	20	25	836,220	693,830	142,395	29,990	25,135	4,860
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	25	210	80	125	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	132,925	56,660	76,265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	45	20	20	623,090	261,035	362,050	27,990	11,860	16,130
Bachelor's degree or higher	160	70	95	205	100	105	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	316,295	148,035	168,260
Bachelor's degree	105	50	60	160	75	90	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	215,545	99,580	115,960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	15	0	0	0	430,875	179,230	251,645	15,980	7,050	8,925
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	167,730	75,120	92,615	8,070	3,480	4,595
Master's degree	25	10	20	40	20	20	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	67,610	32,685	34,925
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	9,100	5,240	3,855
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	520	240	280	1,100	530	565	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	195	105	90	515	255	265	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	407,695	206,200	201,495
Education	35	0	25	15	0	15	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	37,900	8,205	29,695
13. Education	35	0	25	15	0	15	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	37,900	8,205	29,695
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	25	0	20	631,255	274,065	357,190	20,300	8,295	12,000
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	2,095	1,585	515
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	15	0	10	556,470	220,680	335,790	18,205	6,715	11,490
Humanities	20	10	10	25	15	10	926,560	354,120	572,440	29,295	10,450	18,845
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	3,420	660	2,760
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	6,610	1,750	4,860
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	10	0	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	10,070	3,555	6,515
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	455	155	300
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	1,925	1,050	875
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	2,775	1,575	1,200
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	3,320	1,570	1,750
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	720	130	585
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	20	60	20	35	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	72,710	25,400	47,315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	1,020	200	820
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	10	0	10	233,400	88,205	145,200	9,885	3,435	6,450
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	7,890	615	7,275
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	325,785	115,335	210,445	13,435	4,770	8,665
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	1,430	480	945
42. Psychology	10	0	10	10	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	11,935	2,745	9,190
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10	705,540	336,960	368,580	27,130	13,155	13,975
Business, management and public administration	70	20	50	165	65	100	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	151,340	66,070	85,275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	145	60	90
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,240	55,995	216,245	7,190	1,385	5,810
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	20	45	160	65	95	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	144,000	64,630	79,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	10	0	10	719,715	353,540	366,175	35,280	18,270	17,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	297,055	121,615	175,435	11,915	4,605	7,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	7,125	3,260	3,870
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	560	230	330
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	14,385	9,680	4,705
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	1,295	495	800
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	10	35	10	20	804,230	531,435	272,795	32,775	21,555	11,215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	25	10	20	643,145	454,370	188,775	27,025	18,865	8,165
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	1,385	170	1,210
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0	0	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	3,675	2,070	1,610
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	685	455	230
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	45	0	125	120	0	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	141,165	119,620	21,550
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	5,715	3,555	2,165
14. Engineering	20	20	0	25	20	0	900,475	723,080	177,395	60,975	48,265	12,715
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	40	40	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	30,160	24,830	5,325
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	20	0	10
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	20	20	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	20,365	19,740	625
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	15,535	15,080	455
48. Precision production	10	10	0	20	20	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	8,400	8,145	260
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	15	10	407,545	234,360	173,175	10,880	5,175	5,705
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	15	0	262,580	140,520	122,070	6,525	3,070	3,455
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	4,350	2,100	2,250
Health and related fields	55	10	45	70	10	60	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	91,710	19,495	72,215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	15	180,785	89,005	91,780	7,380	3,540	3,845
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	50	0	45	55	0	50	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	81,445	14,515	66,930
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	150	55	95
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,030	34,630	29,400	2,740	1,395	1,350
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	40	15	25	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	24,990	12,345	12,645
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20	0	20	548,520	151,115	397,410	16,005	5,380	10,625
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	105	90	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	125	105	20
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	10	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	4,485	2,870	1,615
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	4,270	3,900	370
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	180	90	90
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	375	185	190	830	395	430	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	737,745	364,640	373,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	70	50	305	155	145	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	214,245	113,600	100,640
Education	25	0	20	10	0	10	742,175	158,185	583,990	27,425	5,745	21,680
13. Education	25	0	20	10	0	10	742,175	158,185	583,990	27,425	5,745	21,680
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	25	0	15	490,455	210,500	279,955	16,520	6,735	9,785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	1,595	1,150	450
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	15	0	10	435,815	172,330	263,480	14,920	5,580	9,335
Humanities	25	0	10	20	10	10	649,695	241,235	408,465	23,385	8,110	15,275
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	2,795	520	2,270
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	5,440	1,440	3,995
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	10	0	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	8,205	2,785	5,420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	340	110	230
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	1,575	845	730
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	1,930	1,110	820
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	2,585	1,210	1,375
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	515	90	420
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	15	60	20	35	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	60,535	20,560	39,980
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	870	180	685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	10	0	10	196,475	72,125	124,350	8,695	2,925	5,770
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	6,225	450	5,780
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	261,265	82,850	178,420	11,170	3,705	7,465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	1,180	385	795
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	9,685	2,100	7,590
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	30	20	0	549,090	254,250	294,840	22,700	10,805	11,895
Business, management and public administration	45	15	35	155	60	100	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	124,905	53,865	71,040
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	105	45	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,140	40,230	172,910	5,835	1,070	4,765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	15	35	155	60	95	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	118,970	52,750	66,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	0	0	0	513,555	241,780	271,785	27,230	13,335	13,895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,460	90,390	137,075	9,575	3,600	5,975
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	5,600	2,495	3,105
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	465	190	270
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	10,735	6,710	4,020
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	860	335	525
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	30	10	20	667,305	445,970	221,330	28,300	18,680	9,610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	0	25	0	20	554,185	392,835	161,350	24,085	16,720	7,360
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	900	120	780
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	2,765	1,500	1,265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	555	350	205
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	35	0	110	105	0	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	113,170	94,000	19,170
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	4,610	2,700	1,910
14. Engineering	10	10	0	25	20	0	724,235	568,385	155,850	51,005	39,500	11,510
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	35	35	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	24,030	19,430	4,600
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	20	20	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	15,725	15,190	535
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	11,690	11,295	400
48. Precision production	10	10	0	15	15	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	6,095	5,885	200
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	314,120	170,440	143,680	8,820	4,045	4,780
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,335	99,700	99,635	5,000	2,240	2,765
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	3,820	1,805	2,015
Health and related fields	40	10	30	60	0	55	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	73,600	16,045	57,555
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	10	139,280	67,885	71,385	5,910	2,840	3,070
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	40	0	40	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	65,330	12,095	53,230
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	130	45	80
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,115	23,255	24,860	2,240	1,065	1,180
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	40	15	20	772,450	399,835	372,615	19,480	9,855	9,625
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20	0	15	414,520	112,935	301,590	12,230	4,210	8,020
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	80	70	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	50	45	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	10	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	3,695	2,380	1,315
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	3,425	3,150	275
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	140	70	70
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	375	185	190	830	395	430	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	737,745	364,640	373,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	120	70	50	305	155	145	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	214,245	113,600	100,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	255	115	140	525	240	285	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	523,510	251,045	272,465
Location of study inside Canada	190	80	110	380	170	210	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	372,000	180,455	191,540
Same as province or territory of residence	130	65	60	320	140	175	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	267,640	128,510	139,130
Different than province or territory of residence	60	15	50	60	35	30	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	104,355	51,950	52,410
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	70	35	35	145	70	75	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	151,510	70,585	80,925
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	483,810	238,040	245,775	24,755	12,395	12,360
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	14,510	7,920	6,590
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	2,085	930	1,160
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	235	135	95
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	75	45	30
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	400	175	230
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	1,555	665	890
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	2,015	880	1,140
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	365	140	225
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	1,780	745	1,035
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	1,735	760	970
Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10	543,725	281,205	262,520	25,250	13,170	12,080
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	170	100	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	1,155	600	555
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	925	515	405
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	600	315	285
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	280	150	130
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	330	165	165
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	570	270	300
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	1,375	540	835
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	1,725	935	795
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	2,065	890	1,170
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	1,465	680	785
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	855	520	335
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	9,355	5,195	4,155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	280	145	130
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	315	170	140
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	360	180	180
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	3,420	1,790	1,635
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	12,240	6,200	6,040
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	4,635	2,225	2,415
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	330	170	160
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	380	205	175
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	180	110	70
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	1,610	825	785
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	1,315	665	655
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	3,795	2,005	1,790
Asia	55	20	30	115	50	65	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	86,450	37,320	49,140
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	2,105	980	1,120
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	895	440	455
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	385	210	175
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	590	275	315
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	730	375	355
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	385	235	155
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	10	15	201,100	87,370	113,720	10,965	4,890	6,075
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	565	140	430
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	790	310	485
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	995	270	720
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	3,715	1,535	2,175
Philippines	15	0	15	40	15	25	305,795	115,370	190,420	28,045	11,105	16,945
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	810	315	495
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	1,360	510	845
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	455	235	220
India	0	0	0	15	10	0	405,850	199,380	206,475	23,485	11,025	12,455
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	6,015	2,670	3,345
Other locations of study in Asia	20	10	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	4,170	1,795	2,375
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	2,815	1,510	1,305
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	2,225	1,200	1,025
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	480	255	230
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	105	55	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	515	240	275	1,100	535	565	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
In the labour force	380	190	195	815	420	390	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	730,055	382,305	347,750
Employed	320	150	175	710	380	330	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	638,645	335,655	302,995
Unemployed	55	40	20	100	40	60	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	91,405	46,650	44,755
Not in the labour force	135	50	90	280	110	170	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	326,175	138,875	187,310
Participation rate	73.8	79.2	70.9	74.1	78.5	69.0	63.7	67.7	59.8	69.1	73.4	65.0
Employment rate	62.1	62.5	63.6	64.5	71.0	58.4	57.1	60.9	53.4	60.5	64.4	56.6
Unemployment rate	14.5	21.1	10.3	12.3	9.5	15.4	10.3	9.9	10.7	12.5	12.2	12.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	520	240	280	1,100	530	565	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,056,230	521,180	535,055
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	70	95	315	110	205	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	350,820	153,180	197,640
Worked	350	165	185	780	420	365	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	705,410	367,995	337,415
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	195	95	95	390	235	155	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	370,495	210,090	160,405
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	155	65	85	395	180	205	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	334,920	157,910	177,010
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	42.4	39.6	39.4	41.5	36.9	41.0	41.7	40.3	40.6	41.4	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	380	190	190	810	420	395	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	730,050	382,305	347,745
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	25	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	25,210	12,180	13,025
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	365	175	190	790	405	385	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	704,840	370,120	334,720
Employee	315	140	175	715	365	355	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	596,075	303,490	292,590
Permanent position	255	110	140	630	320	305	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	498,865	258,105	240,765
Temporary position	60	30	30	90	40	45	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	97,210	45,385	51,825
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	10	15	15	0	867,740	386,965	480,775	33,010	14,890	18,125
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	25	25	75	25	45	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	64,200	30,500	33,700
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	35	20	70	45	30	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	108,770	66,635	42,130
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	380	190	190	810	420	395	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	730,050	382,305	347,745
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	25	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	25,210	12,180	13,025
All occupations¹⁹¹	365	175	190	790	405	385	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	704,840	370,120	334,720
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	8,910	6,645	2,265
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	55	10	50	165	55	110	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	135,315	46,270	89,040
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	25	10	60	45	15	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	83,405	63,705	19,695
3 Health occupations	10	0	0	35	10	35	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	58,670	11,985	46,685
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	15	30	40	15	25	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	77,125	25,355	51,770
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	0	20	10	0	10	596,785	275,420	321,360	20,330	9,105	11,230
6 Sales and service occupations	115	55	65	295	135	160	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	175,295	80,580	94,715
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	65	45	20	165	135	30	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	115,655	103,615	12,040
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	541,235	416,960	124,270	10,185	8,205	1,980
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	20	15	0	857,540	612,415	245,120	19,960	14,655	5,300
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	380	190	190	810	420	395	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	730,050	382,305	347,745
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	15	0	25	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	25,210	12,180	13,025
All industries¹⁹¹	365	175	190	790	405	385	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	704,840	370,120	334,720
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	2,635	1,590	1,050
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	0	15	35	10	25	239,030	195,605	43,425	32,410	20,860	11,545
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	8,485	5,525	2,960
23 Construction	45	35	10	65	50	15	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	58,805	49,750	9,055
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	50	45	10	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	33,130	24,105	9,030
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	50	35	10	610,295	406,960	203,335	22,295	15,400	6,895
44-45 Retail trade	30	15	15	125	60	70	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	80,115	38,770	41,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	85	55	30	981,030	742,515	238,515	46,840	34,225	12,610
51 Information and cultural industries	35	0	30	10	10	0	400,460	237,940	162,520	12,790	7,585	5,205
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	15	10	10	815,225	358,145	457,080	26,450	12,325	14,125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	10	0	10	343,940	186,230	157,710	14,175	7,965	6,215
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	25	15	55	20	35	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	83,970	48,655	35,310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	2,240	995	1,250
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	10	35	20	10	792,600	457,880	334,725	31,495	17,855	13,640
61 Educational services	25	10	15	15	10	0	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	46,695	14,690	32,005
62 Health care and social assistance	20	10	0	90	20	70	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	90,910	18,065	72,845
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	10	0	10	350,710	180,205	170,500	14,470	7,345	7,125
72 Accommodation and food services	55	15	40	60	35	30	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	42,785	19,585	23,200
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	50	15	35	797,935	373,775	424,165	29,975	12,560	17,415
91 Public administration	0	0	0	20	10	10	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	24,185	12,265	11,920
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	380	175	205	850	440	410	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	764,085	398,215	365,870
English	365	175	195	835	425	410	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	720,920	377,180	343,730
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	1,020	295	725
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	6,605	3,350	3,255
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	6,600	3,350	3,250
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	6,415	2,620	3,795
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570,220	291,000	279,220	27,865	14,130	13,730
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	665	305	370
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	570	320	250
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	380	175	205	850	440	410	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	764,085	398,215	365,870
Single responses	375	175	195	850	440	410	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	757,765	394,970	362,795
Official languages	375	175	195	850	440	410	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	745,365	388,565	356,810
English	365	175	195	845	435	410	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	743,325	387,970	355,360
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	2,040	595	1,445
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310,455	161,825	148,635	12,400	6,410	5,990
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	10	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,025	152,095	138,925	12,390	6,410	5,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	450	245	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	15	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	430	235	195
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	35	25	10
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	315	165	150
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	70	35	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	800	305	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	780	295	485
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	535	275	260
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	55	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	480	245	235
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	30	0	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	4,915	2,660	2,260
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	425	175	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	425	175	250
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	130	50	80
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	175	75	100
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	25	20	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	30	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	95	50	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	70	35	35
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	70	35	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	3,090	1,860	1,225
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	2,955	1,810	1,140
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	70	35	30
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	110	60	45
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	2,505	1,605	900
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	225	95	135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	135	50	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	10	0	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	125	50	70
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	30	10	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	90	35	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	1,285	565	720
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	75	50	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	40	25	15
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	1,150	475	670
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	105	25	75
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	775	435	345
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	20	0	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	35	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	4,560	2,355	2,205
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	4,540	2,340	2,200
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	1,910	975	935
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	2,595	1,340	1,250
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	35	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	50	15	35
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	35	0	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,880	231,205	222,675	6,320	3,245	3,075
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,975	163,305	158,675	805	365	435
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	5,280	2,770	2,515
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	75	30	50
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	130	65	60
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	380	175	205	850	440	410	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	764,085	398,215	365,870
None	370	175	205	845	425	410	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	734,060	383,675	350,390
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	902,625	474,755	427,875	5,720	2,795	2,930
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	589,755	288,955	300,800	4,720	2,005	2,720
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,375	168,035	163,335	16,030	8,000	8,030
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	90	40	50
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	313,185	160,295	152,885	15,945	7,965	7,980
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	640	305	330
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	440	215	225
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	2,460	1,210	1,250
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	325	150	175	715	385	330	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	638,645	335,655	302,990
Worked at home	95	35	60	155	70	85	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	182,015	89,915	92,100
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	2,460	1,800	660
No fixed workplace address	45	30	15	125	75	45	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	89,650	66,145	23,505
Usual place of work	180	85	95	425	230	200	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	364,515	177,790	186,730
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	180	85	95	425	230	195	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	364,520	177,790	186,730
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	175	80	95	365	205	155	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	332,545	158,240	174,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	55	15	35	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	22,900	13,305	9,595
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	15	0	0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	5,875	4,210	1,665
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	3,200	2,035	1,165
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	230	115	115	550	310	245	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	454,170	243,935	210,235
Car, truck or van	185	105	85	505	285	225	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	378,085	208,085	169,995
Car, truck or van - as a driver	175	105	75	460	280	180	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	350,765	198,775	151,990
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	50	0	45	844,155	343,100	501,050	27,315	9,310	18,005
Public transit	30	0	25	20	10	10	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	39,905	17,255	22,645
Walked	0	0	0	15	10	0	672,815	296,610	376,205	19,195	8,805	10,390
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	3,955	2,970	985
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	13,035	6,820	6,215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	230	115	115	550	310	245	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	454,170	243,935	210,235
Less than 15 minutes	45	30	15	100	40	60	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	97,610	44,795	52,810
15 to 29 minutes	115	45	70	305	175	125	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	213,150	115,080	98,070
30 to 44 minutes	60	35	25	105	70	40	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	99,695	58,885	40,805
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	10	10	0	910,610	542,485	368,125	20,845	11,730	9,110
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	35	25	10	926,120	599,115	327,005	22,870	13,440	9,430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	230	115	115	550	310	245	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	454,170	243,935	210,235
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	10	10	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	28,655	20,330	8,325
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	0	100	70	30	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	79,585	49,005	30,585
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	25	15	150	85	65	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	116,785	61,460	55,320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	25	45	80	35	45	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	86,045	42,180	43,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	25	25	110	55	55	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	67,250	30,565	36,680
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	10	25	100	60	45	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	75,850	40,390	35,455
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	115	60	60	330	175	155	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	285,180	146,410	138,775
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	0	40	15	25	897,205	456,120	441,085	20,385	10,340	10,050
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	50	55	295	160	130	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	264,795	136,070	128,725
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	30	35	245	130	110	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	205,680	105,675	100,005
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	25	10	15	682,190	346,420	335,770	15,120	7,690	7,430
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	15	5	10	467,685	234,475	233,215	7,850	3,820	4,030
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	5	214,500	111,950	102,550	7,275	3,870	3,400
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	35	220	125	95	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	190,560	97,990	92,580

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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