Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060633More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060379More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			CanadaMore information: [Country] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	564	...	...	708	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	1,590,639	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	1,498,778	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	298	...	...	238	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	638,160	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	275	...	...	233	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	604,628	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,948.2	...	...	2,760.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	126.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.19	...	...	0.26	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	12,614.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	565	295	270	710	365	345	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	1,590,640	790,320	800,320
0 to 14 years	75	45	30	125	65	65	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	294,075	151,285	142,785
0 to 4 years	35	20	15	35	15	15	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	89,790	46,155	43,630
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	45	20	25	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	100,905	51,680	49,225
10 to 14 years	20	5	10	45	30	15	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	103,380	53,450	49,930
15 to 64 years	420	220	200	480	245	235	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	1,074,770	535,540	539,230
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	40	30	10	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	92,025	47,355	44,675
20 to 24 years	30	20	10	50	25	25	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	91,515	47,260	44,260
25 to 29 years	50	20	35	45	20	25	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	101,235	50,320	50,915
30 to 34 years	80	45	40	40	15	20	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	123,235	60,255	62,980
35 to 39 years	75	45	35	45	20	20	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	132,045	64,950	67,095
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	40	20	20	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	121,735	60,110	61,625
45 to 49 years	40	20	20	45	25	25	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	111,345	55,485	55,860
50 to 54 years	20	15	10	35	25	15	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	103,325	51,835	51,490
55 to 59 years	35	15	15	70	25	45	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	101,580	50,260	51,320
60 to 64 years	35	20	15	75	35	35	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	96,735	47,710	49,020
65 years and over	70	35	35	105	55	45	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	221,795	103,495	118,300
65 to 69 years	25	10	10	40	20	20	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	78,095	38,250	39,845
70 to 74 years	15	5	5	25	15	10	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	58,785	28,310	30,475
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	10	10	0	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	36,570	17,235	19,340
80 to 84 years	10	0	5	10	0	10	840,545	370,905	469,645	23,750	10,405	13,350
85 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	10	861,395	319,540	541,860	24,595	9,300	15,290
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	15	5	10	525,445	212,735	312,705	15,285	6,230	9,050
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	5	5	0	258,035	87,300	170,735	7,425	2,580	4,850
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	1,655	445	1,210
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	225	45	180
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	15.3	11.1	17.6	17.8	18.8	16.3	16.9	15.6	18.5	19.1	17.8
15 to 64 years	74.3	74.6	74.1	67.6	67.1	68.1	64.8	65.4	64.2	67.6	67.8	67.4
65 years and over	12.4	11.9	13.0	14.8	15.1	13.0	19.0	17.7	20.2	13.9	13.1	14.8
85 years and over	0.9	0.0	1.9	2.1	1.4	2.9	2.3	1.8	2.9	1.5	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	39.2	38.6	40.0	40.9	40.2	41.7	41.9	41.0	42.8	38.9	38.3	39.6
Median age of the population	36.8	36.8	36.4	42.0	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8	38.4	38.0	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	275	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	190	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	351,925	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	10	...	...	746,560	...	...	39,065	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	25	...	...	980,110	...	...	57,180	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...	10	...	...	821,490	...	...	21,855	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	70	...	...	0	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	89,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	40,750	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	380	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	4,250	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	275	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	30	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	151,770	...	...
2 persons	110	...	...	75	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	196,980	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	55	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	96,165	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	35	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	97,780	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	45	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	61,930	...	...
Number of persons in private households	565	300	265	710	360	345	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
Average household size	2.1	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	490	255	235	585	295	285	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	1,296,570	639,035	657,530
Married or living common-law	270	135	135	355	175	180	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	773,480	387,015	386,465
Married	155	80	80	330	160	165	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	657,160	328,650	328,510
Living common-law	110	60	55	30	15	15	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	116,320	58,365	57,960
Living common law - Never married	105	50	50	20	10	10	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	87,265	43,935	43,330
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,830	65,045	58,785	4,035	2,145	1,890
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0	5	0	5	721,715	365,760	355,950	23,185	11,490	11,690
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	1,835	790	1,045
Not married and not living common-law	220	120	100	230	125	110	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	523,090	252,020	271,065
Not married and not living common law - Never married	150	90	65	165	95	65	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	364,145	197,890	166,255
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	5	10	5	5	741,135	319,045	422,090	29,375	12,665	16,710
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	20	25	30	10	20	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	79,920	30,945	48,970
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	25	10	20	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	49,640	10,520	39,125
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	145	...	...	200	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	438,900	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	85	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	204,395	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	50	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	94,815	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	40	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	97,660	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	25	...	...	855,960	...	...	42,025	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	205	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	438,900	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	175	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	377,050	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	160	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	318,890	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	100	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	190,345	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	60	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	128,545	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	15	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	58,160	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	808,645	...	...	19,165	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	15	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	38,995	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	61,850	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	5	...	...	15	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	47,785	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	383,670	...	...	14,065	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	565	300	265	710	360	345	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
Total - Persons in census families	380	200	175	635	330	305	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	1,308,650	651,540	657,110
Married spouses or common-law partners	265	135	130	350	175	180	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	754,090	377,085	377,010
Parents in one-parent families	10	5	5	25	10	15	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	61,855	14,065	47,790
Children⁶	100	60	40	255	140	110	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	492,710	260,395	232,315
In a two-parent family	85	55	30	205	110	90	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	396,580	208,580	188,000
In a one-parent family	15	10	10	45	30	15	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	96,130	51,815	44,315
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	185	95	90	70	35	40	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	263,280	130,670	132,615
Living alone	100	55	50	30	15	15	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	151,765	71,605	80,165
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	15	5	10	927,345	393,085	534,260	40,060	17,085	22,975
Living with non-relatives only	70	30	40	30	15	15	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	71,460	41,975	29,480
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	275	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	604,630	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	130	...	...	160	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	375,185	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	140	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	328,515	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	85	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	182,665	...	...
Without children	80	...	...	60	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	145,845	...	...
One-parent-family households	5	...	...	20	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	46,670	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	15	...	...	441,745	...	...	20,165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	94,235	...	...	4,730	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	15	...	...	450,415	...	...	22,485	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	10	...	...	663,835	...	...	30,295	...	...
One-person households	100	...	...	30	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	151,765	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	490	250	235	580	300	285	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,278,370	631,180	647,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	475	245	230	555	280	275	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	1,214,945	600,280	614,665
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	59,200	40,400	42,400	49,600	38,400	41,200	46,400	36,800	44,800	52,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	475	245	230	555	280	275	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	1,215,665	600,680	614,980
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	51,200	37,200	38,000	44,000	35,200	36,800	40,800	33,600	40,400	46,000	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	230	205	515	265	250	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	1,105,625	556,335	549,290
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	58,400	41,200	38,000	46,000	28,800	35,200	42,400	29,200	40,800	50,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	205	180	420	215	205	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	922,195	474,800	447,395
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	67,000	44,800	40,800	52,000	31,000	37,200	43,200	32,000	42,400	50,800	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	210	200	490	245	240	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	1,061,305	515,795	545,510
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	4,160	8,200	7,200	6,400	7,650	9,800	8,500	11,000	7,600	5,600	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	25	35	65	35	35	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	136,975	64,415	72,555
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,200	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,120	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	65	75	170	90	80	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	384,535	184,820	199,710
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,500	10,000	9,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	500	265	240	580	295	290	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	260	235	555	285	270	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	1,214,380	599,940	614,440
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,400	79,000	65,000	54,600	64,500	44,000	54,450	62,650	46,560	65,500	78,400	52,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	260	235	555	285	270	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	1,215,100	600,300	614,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,800	63,600	53,600	41,800	45,600	38,000	44,920	50,320	39,680	53,050	61,750	44,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	455	245	215	490	255	235	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	1,105,945	556,435	549,510
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	76,000	63,200	51,800	61,200	41,600	50,240	59,500	41,000	62,300	76,300	48,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	410	220	190	395	205	190	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	922,200	475,075	447,125
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,400	79,500	64,000	50,600	57,200	44,000	50,280	58,050	42,000	60,800	73,200	47,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	225	210	485	260	220	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	1,060,140	515,090	545,050
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,920	8,400	9,500	10,160	9,800	10,600	11,170	10,180	12,060	10,020	8,930	11,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	25	45	55	35	25	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	136,685	64,550	72,135
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	3,200	8,000	7,600	6,000	10,000	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,070	6,620	7,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	80	80	160	90	70	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	383,100	184,610	198,485
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,800	8,800	10,000	10,600	9,200	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,270	9,160	9,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	505	265	240	585	295	285	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,278,370	631,155	647,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	235	135	100	185	100	85	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	432,255	245,295	186,965
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	84,000	72,500	76,500	90,000	69,000	63,600	69,000	58,000	73,000	80,000	65,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	108,000	98,000	82,000	88,000	76,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	94,000	107,000	76,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	70	70	135	70	65	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	374,345	173,060	201,290
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	19,800	13,000	15,900	12,700	16,800	18,400	21,000	16,600	20,400	23,400	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	34,000	25,000	28,000	35,000	20,000	29,160	33,960	24,860	33,960	40,480	28,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.0	90.0	88.0	84.0	86.0	80.0	82.2	86.4	76.8	86.6	90.2	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	83.0	84.0	80.0	66.0	64.0	70.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	70.6	74.0	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.7	9.0	13.0	16.2	14.0	19.6	17.8	13.7	23.1	13.4	9.8	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.5	2.4	1.5	1.2	2.0	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.2	0.9	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	4.4	4.8	5.8	5.5	6.2	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.0	3.9	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	4.0	4.4	5.2	5.2	5.6	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.5	3.6	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	490	255	235	585	295	285	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without total income	15	5	5	25	15	5	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	63,430	30,900	32,525
With total income	480	250	230	560	280	280	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	1,214,950	600,280	614,670
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	15	10	50	25	30	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	107,500	44,415	63,085
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	65	30	35	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	115,465	47,780	67,690
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	50	85	35	45	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	178,230	78,800	99,430
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	25	60	25	35	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	142,910	61,170	81,740
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	50	25	30	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	122,655	55,960	66,690
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	40	15	20	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	101,530	48,280	53,245
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	45	25	25	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	85,080	42,725	42,355
$70,000 to $79,999	30	25	5	30	15	15	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	68,705	36,885	31,825
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	35	20	15	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	53,900	30,515	23,385
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	15	30	20	5	965,950	553,435	412,510	45,345	25,570	19,775
$100,000 and over	100	65	35	70	45	25	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	193,625	128,165	65,460
$100,000 to $149,999	50	30	20	40	25	15	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	113,250	69,295	43,955
$150,000 and over	55	40	15	25	20	10	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	80,375	58,870	21,505
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	490	255	235	585	295	285	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	25	15	5	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	62,710	30,505	32,210
With after-tax income	480	250	230	560	280	280	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	1,215,660	600,680	614,985
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	10	55	25	30	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	112,205	46,185	66,020
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	70	35	35	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	120,545	50,115	70,430
$20,000 to $29,999	90	35	55	90	40	50	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	201,940	89,680	112,255
$30,000 to $39,999	70	35	40	80	30	50	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	166,565	73,405	93,160
$40,000 to $49,999	40	15	20	45	25	25	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	143,135	67,430	75,705
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	25	50	30	25	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	114,565	57,190	57,380
$60,000 to $69,999	40	30	15	55	30	20	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	87,375	47,045	40,330
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	30	20	5	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	65,115	36,810	28,305
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	15	25	15	10	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	51,690	28,935	22,760
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	20	5	10	643,700	402,325	241,380	35,160	21,215	13,945
$100,000 and over	70	45	20	35	30	10	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	117,360	82,665	34,700
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10	20	15	5	792,455	530,970	261,490	48,950	32,240	16,710
$125,000 and over	40	25	10	20	15	5	804,335	578,645	225,695	68,410	50,430	17,985
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	490	255	235	585	295	285	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	1,278,375	631,180	647,190
Without employment income	105	45	60	165	90	80	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	356,175	156,380	199,795
With employment income	385	205	175	420	210	210	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	922,200	474,800	447,395
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	65	30	35	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	116,020	54,130	61,895
$5,000 to $9,999	30	20	15	40	20	25	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	73,350	31,190	42,165
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	50	20	35	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	101,970	44,705	57,260
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	10	30	10	15	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	78,390	35,640	42,745
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	10	20	5	15	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	73,695	34,455	39,235
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	25	15	10	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	71,335	34,515	36,815
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	30	15	10	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	67,050	32,805	34,245
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	30	15	20	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	60,120	30,900	29,220
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	5	25	10	15	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	49,420	27,665	21,750
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	25	20	5	929,490	539,395	390,095	40,555	23,400	17,160
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	15	25	15	10	760,035	439,505	320,530	37,010	20,630	16,375
$100,000 and over	90	55	30	55	30	20	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	153,280	104,755	48,525
$100,000 to $124,999	30	15	15	25	15	15	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	61,175	36,970	24,210
$125,000 and over	60	40	15	25	20	10	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	92,100	67,780	24,320
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	490	250	235	580	300	285	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	1,278,370	631,180	647,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	250	230	545	275	270	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	1,186,950	585,375	601,575
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	64,500	37,600	42,400	46,000	39,600	39,200	45,200	34,000	44,400	53,200	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	250	230	545	275	270	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	1,187,385	585,475	601,910
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	53,600	34,400	38,000	41,600	36,400	35,200	40,000	31,200	40,000	46,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	225	210	515	260	250	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	1,090,850	548,795	542,060
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	67,500	40,800	39,600	40,400	38,000	36,800	44,000	30,800	43,600	52,800	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	200	185	430	215	215	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	923,490	475,205	448,285
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,800	71,000	48,000	40,000	42,400	37,600	38,000	44,400	32,800	44,800	53,600	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	200	195	460	230	230	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	1,003,255	489,055	514,200
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	960	810	1,140	1,120	1,040	1,480	4,240	1,960	6,450	1,190	960	3,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	10	15	50	25	25	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	85,480	38,765	46,720
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	x	x	6,320	8,200	6,240	5,720	5,560	5,960	6,450	5,680	7,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	500	265	240	580	295	290	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	260	240	545	280	265	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	1,186,410	585,100	601,310
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,000	82,000	61,600	50,600	58,800	42,000	52,350	61,250	43,800	65,500	80,000	51,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	260	240	545	280	265	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	1,186,820	585,185	601,635
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,000	65,000	50,800	43,800	51,200	36,000	42,920	49,000	37,160	52,650	62,600	43,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	235	215	505	265	240	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	1,091,545	549,110	542,435
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,200	87,000	62,400	49,200	56,000	41,600	51,040	60,800	41,320	65,600	80,800	50,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	210	195	415	215	205	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	923,490	475,385	448,110
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	77,600	90,000	64,000	49,000	54,800	43,200	50,560	58,800	41,800	64,100	77,600	49,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	205	200	465	240	220	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	1,003,375	489,190	514,180
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	4,320	6,240	6,120	6,600	5,560	7,950	6,990	8,800	6,130	5,076	7,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	0	35	50	35	20	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	84,820	38,275	46,545
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	...	12,000	8,400	9,500	6,400	7,560	6,880	8,210	8,200	7,120	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	505	265	240	585	295	285	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,278,370	631,155	647,215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	230	125	100	185	100	85	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	428,265	243,165	185,105
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	89,000	80,000	74,500	77,000	66,500	60,000	66,000	53,600	70,500	78,500	62,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	103,000	114,000	88,000	76,500	80,000	71,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	92,000	105,800	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	70	70	130	65	65	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	353,070	163,500	189,570
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	38,000	26,400	20,400	24,000	18,000	24,200	28,000	21,800	28,800	33,200	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,000	52,000	37,000	29,600	38,000	21,000	35,200	41,280	29,720	43,720	53,050	35,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.0	96.0	92.0	90.0	90.0	88.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	92.0	94.6	88.2
Employment income (%)	86.0	88.0	84.0	74.0	71.0	79.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	76.2	78.8	72.2
Government transfers (%)	6.0	4.2	8.6	10.3	9.8	11.2	12.3	8.9	16.9	7.9	5.3	11.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	x	2.8	1.6	2.0	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.6	0.9	0.6	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	275	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...	30	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	151,765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	52,800	...	...	41,600	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,000	...	...	47,600	...	...	37,200	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	170	...	...	200	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	452,860	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	106,300	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	87,700	...	...	106,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	35	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	151,830	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	53,350	...	...	67,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	44,360	...	...	55,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	200	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	452,795	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	152,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	123,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	275	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	165,175	...	...	6,730	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	91,750	...	...	3,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	178,475	...	...	4,475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	274,140	...	...	6,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	637,695	...	...	16,055	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	505,875	...	...	16,860	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	488,735	...	...	14,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	560,950	...	...	16,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	572,650	...	...	17,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	559,155	...	...	17,750	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	36,405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	37,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	986,460	...	...	37,230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	921,205	...	...	35,705	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	844,835	...	...	34,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...	140	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	303,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	74,975	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	58,215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	76,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	40	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	93,755	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	275	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	186,735	...	...	7,625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	95,195	...	...	3,380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	183,430	...	...	4,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	289,545	...	...	6,745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	681,900	...	...	17,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	589,110	...	...	19,015	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	582,275	...	...	16,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	666,675	...	...	19,345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	676,995	...	...	21,320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	655,100	...	...	21,155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	44,695	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	45,520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	44,095	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	42,705	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	911,515	...	...	38,715	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	130	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	251,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	45	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	78,970	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	56,565	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	55	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	116,060	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	145	...	...	195	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	431,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	60	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	151,045	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	100	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	209,715	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	155,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	30	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	56,700	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	100,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	85,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	170	85	85	55	30	30	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	223,225	113,580	109,645
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	38,400	29,800	38,800	44,000	30,000	38,400	40,000	36,800	44,400	46,000	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	34,400	29,400	35,200	39,200	29,600	34,800	36,000	33,600	40,000	40,800	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	150	...	...	185	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	431,010	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	153,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	123,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	85	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	151,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	141,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	113,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	90	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	209,670	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	220,000	...	...	188,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	180,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	175,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	144,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	56,445	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	82,300	...	...	90,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	x	...	...	71,800	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	155	85	70	70	40	30	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	223,320	113,715	109,605
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	53,000	42,000	48,000	48,000	48,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	60,050	61,950	58,050
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	44,000	37,000	42,000	40,000	40,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	49,640	50,640	48,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	560	295	265	710	365	345	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	150	80	65	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	349,785	179,925	169,860
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	45	20	25	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	109,785	56,290	53,495
18 to 64 years	415	215	200	460	230	235	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	1,013,015	502,890	510,125
65 years and over	70	35	35	105	55	50	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	209,135	99,390	109,740
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	25	35	50	30	25	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	134,160	64,550	69,610
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	15	10	5	854,565	439,490	415,075	35,370	18,260	17,110
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	282,315	144,250	138,065	11,490	5,880	5,610
18 to 64 years	35	20	20	30	15	10	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	78,110	37,880	40,225
65 years and over	20	5	15	10	10	5	985,745	391,695	594,050	20,680	8,400	12,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.8	8.5	14.0	7.2	8.0	6.4	11.1	10.5	11.6	8.5	8.3	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	9.0	12.0	x	11.9	11.9	11.9	10.1	10.2	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	x	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	10.5	10.5	10.5
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.0	9.0	5.6	5.0	6.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	7.7	7.5	7.9
65 years and over (%)	32.0	20.0	40.0	12.0	12.0	10.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	9.9	8.5	11.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	565	300	265	710	360	350	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
0 to 17 years	80	45	30	145	80	65	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	349,790	179,930	169,855
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	45	20	25	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	109,785	56,290	53,500
18 to 64 years	415	215	195	460	230	230	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	1,013,015	502,890	510,130
65 years and over	65	30	30	100	55	45	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	209,130	99,390	109,740
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	30	20	15	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	81,680	42,310	39,370
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	10	5	5	319,545	164,490	155,060	18,085	9,305	8,780
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,435	50,875	48,560	5,625	2,890	2,730
18 to 64 years	40	20	20	20	10	5	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	57,155	29,990	27,170
65 years and over	5	0	0	5	5	5	199,155	83,010	116,145	6,440	3,015	3,420
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	6.8	8.5	4.8	5.6	3.6	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.2	5.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	5.0	x	x	4.5	4.6	4.5	5.2	5.2	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	5.1	5.1	5.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.0	10.0	4.4	6.0	3.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	5.6	6.0	5.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	5.0	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.1	3.0	3.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	565	295	270	710	365	345	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	1,571,935	782,210	789,725
In bottom half of the distribution	225	115	110	250	135	120	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	673,690	328,825	344,865
In bottom decile	65	30	35	40	25	15	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	124,250	62,485	61,770
In second decile	50	20	30	40	20	20	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	132,700	62,320	70,380
In third decile	35	20	20	55	25	35	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	133,855	64,900	68,960
In fourth decile	35	25	10	60	30	30	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	138,980	68,120	70,855
In fifth decile	40	25	15	50	35	20	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	143,905	71,000	72,900
In top half of the distribution	335	185	155	455	225	230	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	898,245	453,385	444,865
In sixth decile	40	15	20	70	40	30	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	150,845	75,135	75,710
In seventh decile	55	30	20	90	45	45	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	155,985	78,075	77,910
In eighth decile	65	35	30	100	55	45	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	164,975	82,995	81,980
In ninth decile	65	40	20	95	40	60	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	181,315	91,520	89,795
In top decile	125	65	60	95	45	55	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	245,130	125,660	119,470
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	565	...	...	710	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	1,571,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.368	...	...	0.299	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.374	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...	0.385	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.467	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.328	...	...	0.264	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.326	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.1	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	565	300	265	710	360	350	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English only	500	265	235	625	325	295	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	1,440,365	723,615	716,745
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	980	425	555
English and French	55	30	30	40	20	20	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	103,090	47,140	55,945
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	40	15	30	689,725	284,170	405,555	34,235	13,810	20,420
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	565	300	265	710	360	350	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English	550	290	260	660	345	320	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	1,517,390	757,800	759,590
French	10	10	5	0	0	0	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	20,675	10,250	10,425
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	476,175	237,635	238,535	7,260	3,590	3,675
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	40	15	30	673,100	275,685	397,420	33,340	13,355	19,985
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	565	300	265	710	360	350	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
Single responses	555	290	260	675	350	330	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	1,505,615	749,475	756,135
Official languages	500	270	230	440	235	205	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	1,090,565	550,685	539,875
English	490	260	225	435	230	205	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	1,070,475	540,715	529,760
French	15	5	5	5	5	0	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	20,090	9,970	10,115
Non-official languages	55	20	35	235	115	120	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	415,050	198,790	216,260
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	645	270	380
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	445	180	265
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	180	90	90
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	205	75	125
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	205	75	125
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	5	0	5
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	5	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	50	20	35
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	130	55	80
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	55	15	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	50	15	35
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	25	5	15
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	30	10	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	55	30	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	50	30	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	15	10	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	10	5	5
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	15	10
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	20	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	15	5	15
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	15	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	5	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	90	30	60
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	20	5	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	65	25	40
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	5	5	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	5	5	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	20	30	235	115	120	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	414,405	198,525	215,885
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	698,355	359,625	338,730	35,495	18,255	17,240
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	135	75	65
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	100	50	50
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	10	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	45	20	20
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	40	20	20
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	5	0	5
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	30	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	3,200	1,600	1,600
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	170	85	85
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	1,395	700	700
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	1,615	800	815
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	25	20	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	618,450	320,045	298,405	32,085	16,545	15,535
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	4,515	2,170	2,345
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	508,410	265,350	243,060	21,355	11,215	10,145
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	660	325	340
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	350	175	170
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	220	105	115
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	95	40	55
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	45	20	20
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	480	240	240
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	25	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,075	15,775	15,300	4,965	2,545	2,420
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	5	5	192,985	87,230	105,750	14,785	6,645	8,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,525	8,820	10,705	870	400	465
Vietnamese	5	0	0	15	5	5	173,000	78,180	94,820	13,810	6,185	7,625
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	110	60	50
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	10	0	5	565,375	238,875	326,500	55,755	24,650	31,110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	235	105	130
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	970	415	555
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	2,010	900	1,115
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	55	25	25
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	1,070	460	610
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	3,610	1,630	1,980
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	700	280	420
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	195	80	115
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	90	40	50
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	30	15	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	5	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	25	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	145	70	80
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	510	240	265
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	210	100	115
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	5	5	5	461,150	194,805	266,345	45,300	20,005	25,290
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	165	80	85
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	465	195	270
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	605	300	310
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	180	85	95
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	20	10	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	60	30	30
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	105	50	55
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	150	75	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	90	50	45
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	244,165	125,180	118,990	6,750	3,470	3,280
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	355	180	180
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	2,805	1,410	1,390
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,850	75,010	77,845	2,215	1,160	1,060
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,045	17,095	12,950	1,295	685	610
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	50	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	25	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	120	70	55
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	45	20	30	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	203,750	100,055	103,695
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	1,375	725	650
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	275	135	140
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	648,810	297,100	351,710	30,225	13,960	16,270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	490	225	260
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	185	80	100
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	305	145	160
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	638,250	292,670	345,580	29,740	13,735	16,005
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	20	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	820	410	405
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	1,405	645	760
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	160	80	75
Polish	5	0	5	0	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	7,595	3,540	4,050
Russian	0	5	0	0	0	0	197,905	89,100	108,800	10,165	4,510	5,660
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	4,905	2,385	2,520
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	895	435	460
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	2,000	960	1,045
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	1,935	950	980
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	75	40	35
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	1,085	545	545
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	225	95	130
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	3,340	1,500	1,840
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	125	65	55
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	20	5	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	60	30	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	15	10	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	17,580	8,490	9,090
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	45	25	20
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	10,660	5,055	5,600
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	10,230	4,840	5,390
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	5	5
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	365	190	180
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	55	25	30
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	5,565	2,755	2,810
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	1,230	595	640
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	3,870	1,930	1,935
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	45	30	20
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	20	15	5
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	295	135	165
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	100	55	45
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,275	9,500	10,775	1,290	635	650
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	765	395	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	45	20	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	210	90	115
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,645	3,245	270	125	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	30	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,335	45,860	47,470	1,520	710	805
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	106,625	53,665	52,955
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	93,240	46,930	46,305
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	4,455	2,230	2,230
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,985	73,335	65,655	6,565	3,380	3,180
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	152,825	79,585	73,240	8,495	4,290	4,205
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	1,080	475	605
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	80	40	40
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	175	85	90
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,145	7,330	6,810	995	500	495
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	2,265	1,175	1,095
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	95	50	40
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	55	30	25
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	40	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	5	666,585	341,515	325,065	49,105	24,690	24,420
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,070	1,915	305	160	145
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,000	8,895	9,110	1,030	505	525
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	235,290	118,540	116,755	17,875	8,975	8,905
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	645	340	305
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	300,555	150,160	150,390	13,350	6,720	6,630
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	50	30	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	1,100	540	565
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	20	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	2,020	1,035	990
Persian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	262,625	130,180	132,440	10,100	5,080	5,020
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	3,045	1,520	1,525
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	5,705	2,875	2,830
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	1,345	685	660
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	20	10	15	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	45,970	22,265	23,700
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	45	20	25
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	10	319,505	154,295	165,205	4,625	2,335	2,285
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	0	240,680	115,235	125,450	4,540	2,160	2,375
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	44,185	48,975	4,585	2,265	2,315
Spanish	5	0	5	5	5	5	538,870	259,500	279,375	32,170	15,475	16,695
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	15	10	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	60	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0	43,850	14,205	29,650	2,395	800	1,595
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	10,745	4,940	5,800
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	465	210	255
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	108,295	52,850	55,440	6,430	3,245	3,185
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	705	360	340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	20	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	100	55	45
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	50	30	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	85	40	45
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	35	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	60	25	30
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	65	30	35
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	775	400	375
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	200	95	100
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	60	30	30
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	25	5	15
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	5	5	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	120	60	60
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	105	50	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	145	65	80
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	340	155	185
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	10	5	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	40	15	30
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	790	385	410
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	90	40	45
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	1,845	970	875
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	765	375	395
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	1,315	665	650
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	555	305	250
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	385	170	215
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	315	160	160
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	60	30	25
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	275	145	130
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	225	120	110
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	45	20	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	10	150	75	75	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	68,720	31,925	36,790
Chinese languages	5	0	10	150	75	75	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	67,430	31,300	36,130
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	295	140	155
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	20	679,255	310,750	368,510	31,950	14,765	17,190
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	30	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,805	12,415	15,390	1,235	520	710
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	260	125	130
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	110	55	50	553,380	255,540	297,835	32,755	15,315	17,435
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	11,610	5,500	6,110	865	390	470
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	40	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	1,245	600	640
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	265	125	140
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	90	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	220	110	115
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	170	85	85
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	55	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	635	320	325
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	45	25	25
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	1,240	435	800
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	460	220	245
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	740	205	535
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	35	15	20
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,520	28,385	25,135	1,955	1,050	900
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	245	135	110
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	55	20	35
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,190	23,615	20,570	1,405	770	635
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	65	30	35
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	105	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	75	35	40
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	3,550	1,640	1,910
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	85	40	45
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	305	105	200
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	3,155	1,490	1,665
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	70	40	35
Multiple responses	10	5	5	35	15	20	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	73,050	35,515	37,535
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0	291,325	142,420	148,905	6,360	3,080	3,285
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	30	15	20	921,480	450,685	470,800	58,650	28,715	29,930
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	117,910	57,875	60,040	1,230	605	630
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,880	25,900	26,975	1,130	525	605
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	92,095	42,330	49,765	5,680	2,595	3,085
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	565	300	265	710	360	350	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
English	510	275	235	455	240	215	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	1,104,225	556,180	548,045
French	5	5	5	0	5	0	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	4,775	2,390	2,390
Non-official language	5	0	5	80	35	50	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	127,600	60,835	66,760
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	55	25	30
Non-Indigenous	5	0	5	80	35	50	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	127,540	60,810	66,730
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0	953,760	465,560	488,205	14,755	6,925	7,835
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	155	80	75	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	306,635	148,985	157,650
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,320	188,195	207,125	570	255	315
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455,760	217,995	237,770	7,715	3,605	4,105
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	200,320	93,165	107,155	12,395	5,820	6,575
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	565	300	265	710	360	350	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	1,578,665	784,990	793,675
Single responses	560	295	265	670	340	325	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	1,503,115	748,130	754,985
Official languages	545	290	255	525	275	250	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	1,243,700	622,455	621,250
English	540	290	255	520	270	250	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	1,236,475	618,890	617,585
French	5	5	5	0	5	0	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	7,230	3,560	3,665
Non-official languages	15	5	10	145	70	75	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	259,415	125,675	133,740
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	75	40	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	35	20	20
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	30	15	15
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	5	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	20	15	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	10	5	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	10	5	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	10	5	5
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	5	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	5	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	25	5	15
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	20	5	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	5	10	145	70	75	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	259,295	125,620	133,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395,840	197,010	198,830	22,515	11,260	11,260
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	50	30	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	35	20	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	5	5	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	25	10	10
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	25	10	10
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	2,145	1,040	1,105
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	130	65	70
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	1,005	505	505
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	1,010	470	535
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	352,790	176,270	176,520	20,280	10,165	10,115
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	2,840	1,335	1,500
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,915	143,650	142,260	12,825	6,490	6,335
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	510	250	265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	265	130	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	160	75	80
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	90	45	45
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	25	10	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	245	125	125
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,860	11,050	10,810	3,805	1,940	1,865
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	127,730	58,660	69,070	9,940	4,535	5,405
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	465	205	260
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5	116,785	53,735	63,055	9,395	4,280	5,110
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	80	45	35
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,245	149,550	176,700	35,275	16,595	18,675
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	85	40	40
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	505	240	265
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	1,190	580	605
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	580	280	295
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	2,225	1,035	1,185
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	225	115	110
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	110	50	60
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	50	30	20
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	15	5	10
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	15	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	45	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	255	130	130
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	55	30	25
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	275,045	125,870	149,170	29,630	13,885	15,750
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	90	50	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	205	100	110
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	340	160	180
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	115	60	60
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	10	5	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	20	15	10
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	70	35	40
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	70	35	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	40	20	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,705	85,265	84,440	4,410	2,205	2,205
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	190	95	95
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	1,900	940	960
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,335	54,240	58,095	1,495	760	730
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,470	10,215	8,250	785	390	395
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	75	40	30
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	5	25	10	15	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	122,940	60,715	62,220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	625	330	295
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	140	65	75
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	303,480	143,495	159,985	14,005	6,710	7,295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	215	110	105
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	80	40	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	135	70	70
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	300,985	142,375	158,610	13,790	6,605	7,190
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	380	180	195
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	410	190	220
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	85	40	40
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	3,015	1,450	1,560
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	6,450	3,065	3,385
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	2,020	980	1,035
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	370	180	185
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	715	335	375
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	925	460	465
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	405	190	215
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	40	20	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	980	470	515
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	15	10	15
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	3,010	1,440	1,570
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	15	10	5
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	1,705	825	880
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	1,630	785	845
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	70	30	35
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	10	5	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	1,120	530	590
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	635	305	330
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	455	210	245
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	25	10	15
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	165	75	90
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	55	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	20	5	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	80	30	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,300	17,490	20,810	480	215	265
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	79,180	39,590	39,590
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	962,820	490,815	472,000	70,335	35,225	35,110
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	20	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	2,975	1,455	1,520
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	4,225	2,175	2,045
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,930	47,555	44,375	5,510	2,770	2,740
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	580	245	340
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	50	25	30
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	70	35	35
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,800	3,660	575	285	285
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	1,590	815	775
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	40	20	20
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	25	15	10
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0	520,390	266,775	253,610	40,675	20,425	20,245
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	170	90	85
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,665	4,775	4,890	555	270	285
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,040	78,420	79,615	12,930	6,420	6,510
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	355	175	185
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	204,420	99,545	104,875	8,825	4,360	4,475
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	750	360	395
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	1,250	635	615
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	179,745	87,075	92,670	6,765	3,325	3,435
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	1,880	905	970
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5	125,840	61,060	64,780	3,970	1,965	2,015
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	910	460	455
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	30	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	10	0	5	577,735	273,965	303,770	25,440	12,340	13,100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	30	15	20
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5	92,755	38,750	54,005	1,000	450	550
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,730	56,685	62,045	2,410	1,180	1,230
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,090	23,135	24,955	2,175	1,085	1,085
Spanish	0	0	0	5	0	5	317,365	155,005	162,360	19,825	9,605	10,215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	5	5	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	45	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	1,160	495	665
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	8,130	3,835	4,295
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	305	135	170
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	2,170	1,030	1,140
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	335	160	170
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	15	10	5
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	45	25	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	15	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	15	5	10
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	15	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	200	100	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	80	40	45
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	35	10	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	10	0	10
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	25	10	10
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	45	20	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	55	25	30
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	105	45	55
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	10	5	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	295	140	155
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	50	25	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	660	315	345
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	160	70	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	720	360	360
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	340	190	150
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	260	115	145
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	120	60	65
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	450	260	190
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	355	205	150
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	95	55	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	55	50	967,965	450,210	517,755	47,945	22,570	25,375
Chinese languages	0	0	0	105	55	50	955,685	444,115	511,565	47,025	22,110	24,915
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	90	35	50
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15	530,945	249,675	281,270	23,970	11,440	12,530
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,945	6,255	7,685	465	185	280
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	155	75	80
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	80	40	40	393,430	180,000	213,435	21,815	10,130	11,685
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,360	3,625	500	225	275
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	915	460	455
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	160	75	85
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	85	40	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	165	80	85
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	125	65	60
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	485	250	235
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	500	230	270
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	205	100	105
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	275	125	150
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	20	5	15
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	1,185	600	580
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	120	55	60
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	15	10	5
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	935	480	455
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	35	15	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	50	25	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	20	15	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	1,205	575	625
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	50	25	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	1,135	540	590
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	25	15	10
Multiple responses	0	0	0	40	20	20	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	75,555	36,865	38,685
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	230,955	112,070	118,880	2,955	1,435	1,520
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	40	20	15	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	69,995	34,230	35,770
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	60,405	65,125	260	115	140
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,805	27,370	29,430	710	320	385
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	1,630	760	875
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	565	300	265	710	360	345	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	1,578,665	784,995	793,670
None	520	280	245	575	295	280	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	1,298,665	649,700	648,965
English	10	0	10	55	30	25	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	104,745	51,660	53,085
French	5	5	5	0	0	5	571,040	268,530	302,510	11,450	5,290	6,160
Non-official language	20	10	10	60	30	30	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	127,610	60,685	66,920
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	635	285	350
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	60	30	30	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	126,970	60,410	66,565
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,185	42,600	43,585	1,340	640	705
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	323,845	161,995	161,850	16,885	8,395	8,490
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,565	61,575	72,995	3,660	1,690	1,970
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	215	120	95
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	234,905	115,470	119,430	14,095	6,810	7,285
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	585	315	270	645	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Official languages	585	315	270	595	305	295	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	1,537,720	768,345	769,380
English	585	315	270	595	305	295	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	1,536,650	767,865	768,785
French	50	30	30	40	15	25	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	103,915	47,090	56,830
Non-official languages	65	25	35	355	175	185	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	562,910	270,945	291,960
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	1,740	685	1,050
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	1,155	440	720
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	470	190	280
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	605	245	360
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	605	245	360
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	25	15	10
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	260	80	185
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	40	25	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	270	115	155
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	25	10	15
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	25	10	15
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	125	40	85
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	125	40	85
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	15	0	10
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	55	10	45
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	60	20	40
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	235	95	135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	225	90	135
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	30	15	20
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	10	0	10
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	170	70	100
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	35	10	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	35	10	30
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	15	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	15	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	35	10	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	20	20	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	230	115	115
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	15	0	15
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	30	20	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	175	90	90
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	35	20	15
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	15	0	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	25	10	15
Non-Indigenous languages	65	25	35	355	175	185	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	561,340	270,320	291,010
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	54,595	28,250	26,345
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	300	185	110
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	185	100	85
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	80	60	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	30	30	10
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	365	225	145
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	360	220	145
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	85	35	45
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	4,720	2,480	2,245
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	235	130	105
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	2,115	1,125	990
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	2,430	1,265	1,170
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	15	10	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	50,645	26,150	24,495
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	8,465	4,170	4,295
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	838,045	436,510	401,540	35,250	18,505	16,750
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	850	490	360
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	365	215	145
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	380	215	165
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	120	65	55
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	80	45	35
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	2,110	1,085	1,025
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	50	30	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	7,675	3,920	3,755
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	125	90	40
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260,030	120,035	139,995	20,885	9,635	11,250
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	1,270	610	655
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	232,800	107,435	125,355	19,415	8,900	10,515
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	280	160	120
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	793,275	336,445	456,840	76,815	33,930	42,890
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	635	325	305
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	1,175	510	660
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	3,705	1,700	2,000
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	90	50	40
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	1,455	620	835
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	6,615	2,860	3,755
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	1,290	595	695
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	250	105	145
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	85	50	35
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	45	20	25
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	35	15	15
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	810	370	445
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	1,200	520	675
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	550	285	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0	737,565	310,735	426,830	72,900	32,140	40,755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	460	225	235
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	1,975	875	1,100
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	2,105	1,065	1,035
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	625	330	300
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	160	70	90
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	125	60	65
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	360	175	185
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	480	275	205
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	535	260	280
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	359,485	185,160	174,325	10,600	5,455	5,140
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	1,100	560	540
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	3,955	2,035	1,920
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	237,890	119,570	118,320	4,435	2,275	2,160
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,685	30,575	24,110	2,440	1,295	1,145
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	75	35	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	25	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	220	120	100
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	0	20	105	45	60	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	286,570	140,880	145,685
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	1,865	1,015	855
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	465	265	200
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	820,305	384,390	435,915	37,905	17,730	20,175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	540	245	295
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	170	75	95
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	370	170	205
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	809,985	380,025	429,960	37,610	17,610	20,005
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	100	35	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	1,020	460	560
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	2,215	1,125	1,090
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	335	160	175
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	9,380	4,430	4,950
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	309,235	145,375	163,860	15,410	7,245	8,165
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	6,725	3,165	3,560
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	1,790	855	935
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	3,390	1,585	1,805
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	3,095	1,465	1,630
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	120	55	65
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	1,530	715	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	335	130	205
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,655	59,230	72,425	4,845	2,125	2,720
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	495	275	220
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	235	135	100
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	100	45	55
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	155	95	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	15	15	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	658,705	319,800	338,905	27,795	13,485	14,310
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	85	25	55
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	18,325	8,925	9,400
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	17,910	8,715	9,200
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	10	10	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	615	280	330
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	120	75	45
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	8,180	4,120	4,060
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	2,455	1,270	1,190
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	5,235	2,625	2,610
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	90	60	35
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	380	165	215
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	155	85	75
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	2,390	1,100	1,290
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	1,245	635	615
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	60	15	40
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	470	185	285
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	715	315	395
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	35	25	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	2,370	1,185	1,180
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	143,590	72,720	70,870
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	65	35	40	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	128,685	65,260	63,425
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	80	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	6,180	3,115	3,065
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,415	110,000	99,405	11,255	5,745	5,515
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10	761,425	395,410	366,015	45,340	22,980	22,370
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	2,325	1,035	1,300
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	210	100	110
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	460	215	250
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,230	18,210	17,020	2,295	1,185	1,110
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	3,010	1,565	1,450
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	105	45	55
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	15	10	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	85	40	50
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	25	30	942,170	488,075	454,090	68,525	34,920	33,610
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	685	385	300
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,050	16,645	16,400	1,450	700	750
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10	414,870	211,895	202,975	31,710	16,195	15,515
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	1,400	750	650
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	370,520	186,750	183,770	17,245	8,665	8,570
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	70	40	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	1,425	720	705
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	2,985	1,510	1,475
Persian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	326,285	163,665	162,620	13,270	6,700	6,570
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	4,765	2,320	2,440
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	6,985	3,590	3,390
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	1,715	895	820
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	160	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	165	90	75
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	15	20	0	15	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	80,155	38,210	41,945
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	110	45	65
Italian	0	0	0	15	0	10	547,655	263,950	283,705	9,805	4,810	4,985
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	336,865	164,985	171,880	6,925	3,405	3,515
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	5,990	3,045	2,950
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	60,770	28,640	32,125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	145	90	50
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	170	80	90
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	5,255	2,315	2,945
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	12,375	5,785	6,590
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	645	300	345
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	267,520	131,495	136,025	18,385	9,360	9,025
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	1,400	720	680
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	35	20	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	360	190	170
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	115	55	60
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	190	120	70
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	300	150	155
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	115	65	50
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	180	85	95
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	3,040	1,595	1,450
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	300	140	155
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	405	190	215
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	75	25	50
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	15	10	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	270	150	120
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	175	90	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	165	90	75
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	670	325	345
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	25	10	15
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	120	60	55
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	3,435	1,805	1,630
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	35	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	250	145	105
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	6,365	3,135	3,225
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	2,555	1,280	1,275
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	1,895	965	935
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	860	455	405
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	440	200	240
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	610	315	295
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	190	90	95
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	2,210	785	1,430
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	1,875	645	1,230
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	395	185	215
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	200	100	100	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	82,875	39,220	43,660
Chinese languages	10	10	0	200	100	100	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	81,080	38,330	42,750
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	405	170	235
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	20	40	987,300	452,995	534,305	46,460	21,635	24,825
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	35	25	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	2,385	1,045	1,340
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	340	140	195
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	175	90	80	724,925	335,185	389,740	42,910	20,105	22,800
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	880	420	460
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	45	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	1,820	895	925
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	520	255	265
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	125	60	70
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	365	180	190
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	295	145	150
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	85	35	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	765	395	370
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	165	70	90
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	105	40	65
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	1,900	780	1,120
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	685	350	330
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	1,355	505	850
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	60	25	40
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,375	47,575	43,800	3,545	1,855	1,695
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	550	285	270
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	170	75	95
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,500	41,130	37,365	2,625	1,470	1,155
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	110	30	80
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	185	80	105
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	130	65	65
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	4,400	2,050	2,350
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	165	70	95
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	435	210	230
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	3,810	1,780	2,030
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	525	295	235
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	315	270	650	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	30	15	20	30	15	10	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	53,700	25,250	28,450
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	30	15	20	30	15	10	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	51,520	24,220	27,300
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	22,470	10,235	12,230
Métis	30	15	20	30	15	10	624,220	306,220	318,000	28,475	13,685	14,790
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	575	290	280
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	1,130	525	610
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	1,050	505	540
Non-Indigenous identity	555	300	255	620	305	310	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	1,518,235	757,015	761,220
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	315	270	650	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	831,720	402,310	429,405	17,145	7,900	9,240
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	580	315	270	650	325	320	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	1,554,790	774,360	780,425
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	200	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	431,680	...	...
Renter	150	...	...	40	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	172,945	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	10	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	138,505	...	...
Not condominium	280	...	...	230	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	466,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	132,060	...	...	3,180	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...	0	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	63,480	...	...
2 bedrooms	80	...	...	25	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	132,670	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	65	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	208,570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	45	...	...	140	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	196,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	110	...	...	20	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	168,320	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	40	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	92,700	...	...
6 rooms	55	...	...	20	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	85,005	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	25	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	74,790	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	125	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	183,815	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	7.6	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	275	...	...	235	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	587,240	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	353,715	...	...	17,390	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Suitable	270	...	...	235	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	576,220	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	0	...	...	805,650	...	...	28,410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
1960 or before	195	...	...	0	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	48,925	...	...
1961 to 1980	40	...	...	15	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	146,775	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	105	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	67,920	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	115	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	93,515	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	959,860	...	...	63,060	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	0	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	64,550	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	62,005	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	57,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	250	...	...	220	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	578,295	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	20	...	...	919,545	...	...	26,340	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
One-maintainer household	145	...	...	70	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	286,505	...	...
Two-maintainer household	130	...	...	135	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	282,890	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	30	...	...	687,485	...	...	35,230	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0	...	...	424,695	...	...	15,275	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	25	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	95,360	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	40	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	132,875	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	35	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	121,200	...	...
55 to 64 years	35	...	...	80	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	114,325	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	45	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	78,705	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	34,680	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	0	...	...	457,900	...	...	12,200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	275	...	...	230	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	599,605	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	195	...	...	215	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	466,085	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	20	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	133,520	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	0	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	119,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	280	...	...	235	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	604,630	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	40	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	174,520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	65	...	...	15	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	121,340	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	0	...	...	595,110	...	...	22,225	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	15	...	...	645,465	...	...	17,480	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	135,770	...	...	4,610	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	199,355	...	...	7,285	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	64,095	...	...	1,295	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	280	...	...
Acceptable housing	170	...	...	200	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	430,110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	270	...	...	220	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	585,885	...	...
In core need	50	...	...	0	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	55,440	...	...
Not in core need	220	...	...	220	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	530,445	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	200	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	429,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4	...	...	32.5	...	...	60.0	...	...	65.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	10.3	...	...	14.8	...	...	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,140	...	...	660	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,740	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,920	...	...	1,120	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,792	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	616,000	...	...	452,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	452,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	710,000	...	...	464,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	529,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	35	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	172,840	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.9	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	8.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	45.2	...	...	0.0	...	...	33.2	...	...	34.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	35.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,414	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	585	310	275	650	325	325	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,270	789,670
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	985,200	480,950	504,245	17,860	8,295	9,570
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	963,705	470,850	492,855	17,385	8,070	9,315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	763,230	371,400	391,825	11,610	5,320	6,285
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	5,625	2,660	2,960
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	155	85	65
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	480	225	255
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	460	210	250
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	10	15	15	0	10	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	47,230	22,330	24,905
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	10	15	15	0	10	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	45,875	21,725	24,145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0	0	0	801,630	384,550	417,075	25,470	12,020	13,445
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	10	0	10	362,130	174,975	187,150	19,960	9,480	10,475
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	450	230	225
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	1,355	600	760
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	1,230	550	680
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	60	20	35
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	50	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	15	0	15
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	560	305	250	615	310	310	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	1,506,840	751,645	755,195
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	585	310	270	645	325	325	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	560	300	265	580	290	285	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	1,397,315	698,330	698,985
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	55	40	75	40	40	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	325,765	167,940	157,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	470	245	225	500	250	250	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	1,071,555	530,390	541,165
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	15	10	70	35	30	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	174,615	83,940	90,680
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	585	310	270	645	325	325	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	525	275	245	360	185	175	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	1,069,940	539,680	530,260
Immigrants⁸¹	55	35	20	280	140	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	473,580	227,640	245,935
Before 1980	15	15	0	50	25	25	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	56,750	27,435	29,320
1980 to 1990	10	0	0	90	50	35	924,320	443,805	480,520	44,975	21,950	23,020
1991 to 2000	15	0	10	60	20	35	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	67,220	32,280	34,935
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	25	10	15	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	127,170	61,140	66,030
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	10	0	50	25	25	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	177,465	84,835	92,630
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	25	10	15	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	89,810	43,015	46,795
2016 to 2021	10	10	0	30	15	10	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	87,650	41,815	45,835
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	924,850	499,490	425,365	28,410	14,945	13,470
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	55	40	20	280	140	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	473,580	227,640	245,935
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	748,265	377,795	370,470	41,205	20,985	20,220
5 to 14 years	15	15	0	35	15	20	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	79,795	41,370	38,425
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	65	40	20	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	82,830	37,905	44,930
25 to 44 years	30	15	10	145	70	75	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	223,080	105,885	117,190
45 years and over	0	0	0	30	10	20	797,180	364,260	432,920	46,670	21,495	25,170
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	55	40	20	280	140	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	473,580	227,640	245,935
Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	50,280	23,315	26,970
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	2,205	965	1,245
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	6,240	2,860	3,380
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	2,755	1,300	1,455
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	810	375	430
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	565	320	250
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,360	63,430	81,925	3,605	1,735	1,870
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	5,740	2,810	2,930
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	1,140	515	625
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	1,470	720	750
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	256,090	115,380	140,705	13,395	5,940	7,455
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	250,760	116,305	134,460	12,355	5,775	6,585
Europe	15	10	10	40	20	15	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	83,855	41,815	42,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	2,225	1,075	1,145
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	1,510	705	800
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	1,455	735	720
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	6,175	2,815	3,355
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	955	505	450
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	1,780	865	915
Italy	0	0	0	15	0	10	204,065	101,445	102,625	3,430	1,805	1,625
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	3,730	1,920	1,805
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	6,520	3,025	3,495
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,795	62,880	65,910	1,180	610	575
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	4,435	2,225	2,210
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	4,540	1,930	2,610
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	1,060	505	560
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	3,355	1,510	1,845
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	0	10	464,135	229,710	234,430	27,675	14,575	13,095
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	13,840	7,005	6,835
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	821,735	412,365	409,375	55,355	27,975	27,385
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	650	320	330
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	905	445	455
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	3,500	1,840	1,665
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,385	16,575	14,815	4,785	2,505	2,280
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	7,180	3,485	3,700
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,775	41,085	40,685	950	485	460
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	13,365	6,835	6,530
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	1,595	780	815
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	4,010	2,070	1,940
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	314,995	157,170	157,825	18,410	9,205	9,210
Asia	20	10	10	235	120	120	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	279,930	132,545	147,390
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	4,275	2,115	2,160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	5,720	2,990	2,730
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,130	42,660	41,465	4,070	2,070	2,000
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	4,455	2,410	2,050
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	4,455	2,320	2,130
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,270	18,835	16,435	1,105	545	555
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	85	40	45	715,835	317,970	397,860	36,925	16,915	20,015
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	40	25	15	213,855	100,480	113,375	10,965	5,240	5,725
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	8,690	4,045	4,645
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	2,210	935	1,270
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10	719,580	305,115	414,460	71,315	31,605	39,715
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0	182,095	82,670	99,425	16,350	7,325	9,030
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	3,630	1,845	1,785
India	0	0	0	35	20	20	898,050	451,120	446,930	61,580	30,730	30,850
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	234,105	118,390	115,715	19,425	9,810	9,615
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,240	66,215	70,030	2,035	1,005	1,025
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	22,735	10,640	12,090
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,965	31,055	30,910	4,150	2,000	2,150
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10	10	0	25	15	10	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	87,650	41,815	45,830
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	8,535	3,935	4,595
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	915	390	525
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	670	265	410
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	110	60	45
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	555	260	295
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	1,470	760	715
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	2,490	1,160	1,330
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	915	400	515
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	1,415	645	770
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	7,510	3,815	3,695
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	245	115	130
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	280	130	150
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	495	320	170
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	290	175	115
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	690	245	445
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	760	340	425
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	1,820	1,000	825
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	2,930	1,485	1,445
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	15,820	7,845	7,980
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	60	15	50
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	40	15	25
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	430	190	235
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	160	85	80
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	55	30	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	615	300	310
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	2,545	1,340	1,205
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	1,855	885	965
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	230	105	125
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	6,175	3,045	3,130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	310	140	170
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	830	440	385
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	460	220	235
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	95	65	30
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	1,965	970	1,000
Asia	0	0	0	25	10	10	823,205	393,110	430,090	55,100	25,850	29,250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	865	415	455
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	640	315	325
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,035	50,365	67,665	5,625	2,440	3,180
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	315	120	195
India	0	0	0	15	10	0	246,995	128,205	118,790	14,870	7,455	7,420
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	870	415	450
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	955	450	510
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	345	195	155
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	170	25	150
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	165	90	70
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	1,825	780	1,050
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	455	220	235
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	550	280	265
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	2,395	1,145	1,245
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,490	66,720	84,765	17,470	7,940	9,535
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	270	160	105
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	185	100	85
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	3,135	1,645	1,490
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	405	175	225
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	370	205	170
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,725	5,605	9,125	980	320	660
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	2,240	955	1,290
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	690	375	310
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	480	255	230
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	205	125	85
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	585	315	270	645	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
First generation¹⁰⁰	65	40	25	285	140	145	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	518,345	251,010	267,335
Second generation¹⁰¹	85	50	35	145	70	75	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	329,675	166,505	163,165
Third generation or more¹⁰²	435	225	210	215	115	100	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	723,920	364,750	359,170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	40	20	15	230	115	115	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	416,830	200,210	216,615
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	10	10	0	75	40	35	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	235,880	118,150	117,730
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	0	0	0	45	25	15	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	95,815	58,035	37,780
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	30	15	15	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	140,065	60,120	79,950
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	0	10	135	60	80	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	117,720	48,395	69,330
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	20	20	10	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	58,995	31,595	27,395
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	4,230	2,070	2,165
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	40	20	15	230	115	115	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	416,830	200,210	216,615
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	416,105	222,895	193,205	14,765	8,620	6,145
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	15	0	10	705,405	324,370	381,035	53,180	23,440	29,750
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10	0	0	183,250	92,135	91,110	10,665	5,460	5,205
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	10	0	377,130	188,535	188,590	23,590	12,265	11,320
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	1,565	670	895
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	25	10	15	195	95	100	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	313,060	149,760	163,300
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	585	315	270	650	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	50	25	20	380	190	190	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	575,650	282,735	292,910
South Asian	0	0	0	60	30	35	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	154,385	78,430	75,955
Chinese	15	15	0	210	105	105	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	93,975	45,570	48,410
Black	0	0	0	10	0	0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	76,470	38,665	37,800
Filipino	0	0	0	10	0	0	957,355	427,755	529,600	92,235	42,365	49,880
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	694,015	362,845	331,170	32,660	17,235	15,425
Latin American	10	0	0	0	0	0	580,235	281,030	299,200	35,155	16,925	18,235
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	25	15	0	390,340	184,120	206,220	28,720	13,405	15,310
West Asian	0	0	0	20	10	10	360,495	181,795	178,695	15,765	8,040	7,720
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	13,150	6,285	6,865
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	6,455	2,780	3,675
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	172,885	83,310	89,580	5,845	2,855	2,985
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	15	10	10	331,805	160,790	171,010	20,840	10,195	10,645
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	540	290	250	270	135	135	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	996,285	499,530	496,755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	585	315	270	645	325	320	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Canadian	30	15	15	20	15	0	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	168,075	87,325	80,750
English	210	105	105	70	40	30	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	276,300	136,835	139,465
Irish	95	65	30	50	25	20	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	202,260	98,040	104,225
Scottish	160	95	60	65	30	35	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	235,385	115,820	119,575
French, n.o.s.¹²²	85	65	25	40	10	20	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	104,160	50,935	53,225
German	140	80	60	55	15	40	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	197,770	97,860	99,910
Chinese	10	10	0	205	110	95	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	99,705	48,045	51,650
Italian	10	0	10	20	0	15	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	44,840	22,330	22,510
Indian (India)	0	0	0	65	30	35	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	77,900	39,545	38,355
Ukrainian	75	35	35	20	0	10	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	89,615	43,675	45,940
Dutch	25	20	10	15	10	10	988,585	489,045	499,545	53,665	26,510	27,155
Polish	35	20	15	0	0	0	982,820	472,290	510,525	53,675	25,885	27,790
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	981,635	490,130	491,510	1,965	990	970
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	30	30	15	10	0	938,950	462,420	476,530	53,825	27,135	26,690
Filipino	0	0	0	15	0	15	925,490	414,915	510,570	86,850	40,140	46,710
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	11,575	5,740	5,835
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	0	0	0	691,260	347,080	344,175	26,685	13,810	12,875
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	15,785	7,425	8,360
Métis	20	0	15	30	20	15	560,335	271,985	288,350	27,350	12,945	14,410
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	0	10	0	0	0	551,910	278,060	273,850	28,815	14,565	14,250
Russian	45	40	0	20	0	15	548,140	260,075	288,065	36,090	16,840	19,255
Norwegian	25	0	20	0	0	0	466,500	224,290	242,210	44,865	21,320	23,545
Welsh	30	15	20	0	0	0	455,720	216,490	239,230	27,905	13,365	14,540
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	448,305	222,770	225,535	8,110	4,060	4,045
American	25	15	10	0	0	0	353,495	172,240	181,255	23,975	11,565	12,415
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0	342,040	160,475	181,570	19,620	9,075	10,545
Swedish	45	20	25	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	28,290	13,540	14,750
Hungarian	25	25	0	10	0	0	320,150	155,755	164,395	20,785	10,045	10,740
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	3,780	1,900	1,885
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,260	154,435	148,825	24,175	12,270	11,905
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	15,105	7,435	7,670
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	7,450	3,730	3,715
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	20,085	10,145	9,940
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0	275,530	131,075	144,445	22,750	10,685	12,065
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	263,710	138,210	125,500	11,200	5,995	5,205
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	6,530	3,370	3,160
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,070	119,265	129,805	6,875	3,435	3,435
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	15,680	7,485	8,200
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,855	105,825	114,030	7,710	3,385	4,325
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10	217,650	101,805	115,845	13,215	6,260	6,955
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	12,805	6,050	6,760
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	12,885	6,725	6,160
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	6,415	3,295	3,120
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	5,800	2,855	2,945
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	19,915	9,935	9,980
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	5,325	2,530	2,795
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	16,100	8,300	7,800
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,535	92,740	96,800	13,225	6,465	6,765
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	7,255	3,475	3,780
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	1,120	570	555
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	166,160	87,665	78,495	9,050	4,560	4,490
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	9,145	4,490	4,655
Mennonite	25	10	10	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	5,145	2,565	2,580
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	8,075	3,960	4,115
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	6,840	3,325	3,515
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	132,410	65,175	67,240	2,095	1,040	1,050
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	6,125	3,000	3,125
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	8,860	3,910	4,950
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	5,040	2,520	2,525
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	1,845	905	945
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,735	54,730	56,005	8,605	4,150	4,455
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	6,465	3,345	3,120
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	4,945	2,630	2,310
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	6,575	3,255	3,320
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	1,450	760	690
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	7,935	4,120	3,825
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	6,755	3,225	3,535
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	975	470	505
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	7,875	3,870	4,010
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	4,405	2,245	2,160
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	1,350	665	680
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	6,890	3,395	3,495
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	2,735	1,435	1,305
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	3,345	1,585	1,760
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	1,440	725	715
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	2,060	1,090	965
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	4,025	1,955	2,070
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	1,420	635	785
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	2,845	1,525	1,320
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	1,805	900	910
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,745	39,955	36,795	2,760	1,525	1,235
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	725	370	355
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	3,675	1,870	1,800
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	665	335	330
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	2,835	1,375	1,460
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	8,720	4,460	4,265
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	1,030	535	495
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	4,430	2,200	2,225
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	3,085	1,440	1,645
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	2,855	1,485	1,370
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	2,255	960	1,295
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	3,140	1,520	1,620
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	2,660	1,315	1,345
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	1,090	590	500
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	3,945	1,855	2,090
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	2,805	1,480	1,330
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	1,435	720	710
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	555	245	320
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	975	430	540
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	2,420	1,080	1,345
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	3,795	1,905	1,890
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	3,840	1,970	1,870
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	1,875	1,025	845
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	3,325	1,765	1,560
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	1,100	515	580
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	1,075	515	565
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	6,810	3,265	3,545
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	3,210	1,515	1,690
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	1,605	775	830
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	5,565	2,825	2,740
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	2,140	1,060	1,075
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,700	22,325	19,370	430	235	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	1,920	1,065	855
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	745	370	380
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	490	235	255
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	1,820	900	915
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	2,440	1,165	1,275
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	535	215	320
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	1,790	925	860
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,290	18,185	18,110	5,425	2,745	2,680
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	1,095	565	530
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	1,175	610	565
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	650	375	275
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	2,390	1,215	1,175
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	1,390	670	720
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	7,585	3,815	3,775
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	1,535	790	745
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	755	380	380
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	1,150	555	590
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	1,370	725	645
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	300	150	155
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	1,440	755	695
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	890	425	465
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	2,170	1,030	1,140
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	3,180	1,520	1,670
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	55	35	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	1,225	605	625
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	1,245	615	630
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	1,060	545	520
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	1,380	655	730
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	1,820	865	955
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	1,165	575	590
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	2,705	1,255	1,450
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	1,140	560	575
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	1,015	505	515
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	660	370	290
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	420	220	200
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	150	100	50
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	1,250	625	625
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	1,175	565	610
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	1,120	555	565
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	1,250	590	660
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	1,575	785	780
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	940	490	450
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	455	230	225
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	1,395	430	965
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	410	250	160
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	2,340	1,200	1,135
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	95	50	50
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	435	225	205
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	3,480	1,820	1,665
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	855	420	440
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	230	105	125
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	1,810	770	1,035
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	50	20	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	1,140	615	525
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	315	145	170
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	1,375	705	670
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	2,640	1,275	1,370
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	60	30	35
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	525	190	340
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	1,260	615	650
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	240	115	125
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	505	250	250
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	115	55	60
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	1,630	765	865
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	1,070	515	555
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	20	0	10
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	185	115	65
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	1,285	655	630
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	225	115	110
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	330	150	180
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	180	70	110
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	170	75	100
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	2,275	1,240	1,035
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	990	465	525
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	485	210	275
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	1,140	565	570
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	35	20	20
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	235	105	125
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	475	240	240
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	700	360	340
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	225	120	110
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	280	150	130
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	250	100	150
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	680	380	295
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	165	80	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	575	265	310
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	675	360	320
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	355	150	200
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	655	325	335
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	160	75	85
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	160	85	80
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	525	220	310
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	230	100	130
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	140	100	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	670	350	320
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	130	45	85
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	865	440	420
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	855	370	485
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	375	195	180
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	405	210	195
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	795	415	385
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	775	345	430
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	600	285	310
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	1,015	470	545
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	125	50	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	165	100	65
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	80	45	35
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	370	175	190
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	1,570	875	695
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	845	440	400
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	595	295	300
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	70	35	40
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	450	265	190
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	205	95	105
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	100	45	55
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	360	160	200
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	355	210	140
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	1,195	560	635
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	75	35	50
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	80	45	40
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	155	85	70
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	285	110	175
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	285	130	150
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	25	15	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	160	80	80
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	260	145	120
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	240	110	130
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	205	115	90
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	120	60	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	50	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	820	405	415
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	345	135	210
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	390	195	195
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	665	370	295
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	280	130	145
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	820	440	385
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	120	35	90
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	585	315	270	650	325	320	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	1,571,935	782,265	789,670
Buddhist	0	0	0	20	15	10	356,975	157,435	199,540	22,425	9,955	12,470
Christian	155	75	75	275	130	150	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	713,465	336,705	376,760
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	25	15	10	65	30	35	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	153,665	73,675	79,985
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	2,730	1,325	1,405
Anglican	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	35,625	16,415	19,210
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	436,940	200,325	236,615	14,480	6,660	7,815
Catholic	75	35	35	175	75	100	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	312,410	149,290	163,120
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	623,010	301,055	321,955	25,935	12,595	13,340
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	6,765	3,065	3,695
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	13,890	6,525	7,365
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	328,045	150,115	177,925	19,790	8,955	10,835
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	3,670	1,655	2,015
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	399,025	180,870	218,155	17,325	8,180	9,145
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,400	136,440	164,960	10,200	4,585	5,615
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	1,880	950	930
United Church	15	0	15	20	15	10	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	51,720	22,415	29,305
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	0	0	0	0	745,650	345,540	400,110	43,375	20,405	22,970
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	828,195	430,135	398,060	35,335	18,180	17,155
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	6,820	3,305	3,515
Muslim	0	0	0	35	15	15	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	101,285	51,675	49,610
Sikh	0	0	0	50	20	30	771,790	394,345	377,445	56,230	28,325	27,905
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	1,515	550	960
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,015	97,645	131,370	11,305	4,775	6,530
No religion and secular perspectives	420	230	195	250	145	105	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	623,560	328,795	294,765
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	575	305	275	645	325	325	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	1,555,360	773,705	781,660
Non-movers	470	250	220	580	295	285	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	1,345,810	669,430	676,380
Movers	110	60	50	70	35	40	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	209,550	104,275	105,275
Non-migrants	95	55	45	60	30	30	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	147,415	73,505	73,910
Migrants	15	0	10	15	10	10	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	62,135	30,765	31,365
Internal migrants	15	0	10	10	0	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	47,380	23,440	23,940
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	28,075	13,860	14,215
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	19,305	9,580	9,725
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	293,955	147,585	146,370	14,755	7,325	7,430
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	550	295	255	635	325	310	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	1,482,335	736,360	745,975
Non-movers	290	155	135	450	230	220	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	863,155	429,060	434,095
Movers	260	135	120	185	100	90	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	619,175	307,300	311,880
Non-migrants	220	115	100	140	75	65	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	363,260	181,560	181,700
Migrants	40	20	25	50	25	25	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	255,920	125,740	130,180
Internal migrants	35	15	20	10	10	0	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	177,420	87,415	90,005
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	112,590	55,855	56,735
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	921,345	459,695	461,650	64,830	31,560	33,270
External migrants	0	0	0	40	15	25	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	78,500	38,320	40,180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	500	265	240	585	295	285	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	1,278,375	631,155	647,215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	15	25	130	50	75	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	182,850	95,955	86,895
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	465	250	215	455	245	210	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	1,095,525	535,200	560,320
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	195	175	405	195	210	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	886,650	437,700	448,950
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	70	25	45	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	79,025	43,715	35,310
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	355	180	170	340	170	165	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	807,620	393,985	413,640
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	265	240	580	295	285	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	20	120	55	70	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	163,710	84,360	79,350
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	55	50	140	75	60	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	339,400	169,445	169,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	370	195	170	325	170	155	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	775,265	377,350	397,915
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	75	55	160	85	75	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	348,595	174,345	174,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	25	15	10	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	84,805	63,760	21,050
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	29,285	16,610	12,680
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	15	15	0	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	55,525	47,150	8,375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	40	40	100	50	45	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	221,065	92,585	128,480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	30	20	10	896,755	372,560	524,195	42,725	18,000	24,720
Bachelor's degree or higher	245	125	115	165	85	80	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	426,670	203,005	223,660
Bachelor's degree	175	100	75	115	60	50	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	294,610	137,240	157,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	10	0	0	556,510	243,200	313,310	22,475	10,080	12,390
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0	0	0	214,105	108,000	106,105	10,785	5,050	5,735
Master's degree	50	20	35	40	15	20	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	86,005	42,875	43,130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	12,795	7,765	5,030
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	195	175	410	195	210	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	886,650	437,700	448,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	15	0	65	20	40	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	66,625	36,450	30,175
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	35	20	15	90	50	40	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	197,715	102,665	95,045
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	165	160	255	120	135	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	622,315	298,585	323,730
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	40	45	120	55	70	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	266,590	133,640	132,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	15	10	20	10	10	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	63,270	48,090	15,175
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	20,715	12,025	8,685
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	10	10	0	836,220	693,830	142,395	42,560	36,060	6,495
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	25	35	75	30	45	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	170,270	71,565	98,700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	30	15	15	623,090	261,035	362,050	33,050	13,985	19,070
Bachelor's degree or higher	230	125	110	135	70	60	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	355,720	164,940	190,775
Bachelor's degree	165	100	70	80	45	30	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	244,340	111,530	132,810
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	0	0	0	430,875	179,230	251,645	17,980	7,805	10,175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	167,730	75,120	92,615	9,185	4,015	5,170
Master's degree	45	20	30	40	20	25	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	74,335	35,965	38,370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	9,880	5,625	4,255
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	505	265	235	580	300	285	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	65	65	255	125	130	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	503,110	253,805	249,305
Education	20	0	20	10	0	0	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	46,605	10,200	36,405
13. Education	20	0	20	10	0	0	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	46,605	10,200	36,405
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	15	20	10	0	631,255	274,065	357,190	23,385	9,460	13,925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	2,560	1,930	630
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	15	15	0	0	556,470	220,680	335,790	20,825	7,530	13,295
Humanities	15	10	0	10	0	10	926,560	354,120	572,440	34,000	12,365	21,635
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	3,675	735	2,940
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	7,415	1,915	5,495
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	11,560	4,095	7,460
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	525	185	340
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	2,325	1,255	1,065
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	3,860	2,195	1,665
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	3,810	1,820	1,990
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	830	165	665
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	25	30	25	0	20	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	83,860	28,790	55,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	1,155	220	930
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	15	0	0	0	0	233,400	88,205	145,200	11,400	4,015	7,380
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	9,690	735	8,955
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	0	10	325,785	115,335	210,445	15,515	5,275	10,245
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	1,605	560	1,045
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	13,800	3,115	10,680
45. Social sciences	20	0	10	0	0	0	705,540	336,960	368,580	30,700	14,865	15,830
Business, management and public administration	95	45	55	95	30	65	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	177,710	75,825	101,885
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	180	60	120
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	10	0	10	272,240	55,995	216,245	8,595	1,605	6,995
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	45	40	85	30	55	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	168,935	74,160	94,770
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	20	10	0	719,715	353,540	366,175	39,940	20,670	19,265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	297,055	121,615	175,435	13,395	5,160	8,240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	8,180	3,785	4,395
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	665	260	410
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	16,065	10,835	5,225
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	1,630	635	995
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0	804,230	531,435	272,795	36,465	23,975	12,485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0	643,145	454,370	188,775	30,070	21,020	9,055
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	1,630	200	1,430
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	4,030	2,275	1,755
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	730	485	250
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	50	20	75	70	10	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	173,505	149,155	24,355
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	6,470	4,065	2,410
14. Engineering	25	25	0	45	35	10	900,475	723,080	177,395	66,620	53,075	13,545
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	38,240	31,740	6,500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	20	0	10
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	28,060	27,225	835
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	22,210	21,530	675
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	11,885	11,515	375
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0	407,545	234,360	173,175	15,905	7,900	8,005
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,580	140,520	122,070	10,210	5,025	5,180
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	5,695	2,870	2,825
Health and related fields	40	15	20	40	15	25	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	111,080	22,865	88,215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	10	0	10	180,785	89,005	91,780	9,155	4,305	4,845
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	30	10	20	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	98,680	16,900	81,780
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	180	75	110
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0	0	0	64,030	34,630	29,400	3,060	1,580	1,485
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	25	15	10	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	32,595	16,030	16,565
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	10	0	10	548,520	151,115	397,410	20,215	6,265	13,950
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	140	130	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	170	145	25
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	6,150	4,050	2,095
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	5,925	5,440	480
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	220	115	110
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	370	195	175	405	195	210	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	886,650	437,700	448,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	45	30	20	150	70	80	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	264,340	139,115	125,220
Education	25	0	20	0	0	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	33,450	6,965	26,475
13. Education	25	0	20	0	0	0	742,175	158,185	583,990	33,450	6,965	26,475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	20	10	10	490,455	210,500	279,955	18,955	7,590	11,360
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	1,900	1,360	540
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15	15	0	10	435,815	172,330	263,480	17,045	6,230	10,815
Humanities	15	0	0	10	0	10	649,695	241,235	408,465	26,945	9,460	17,490
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	3,000	580	2,425
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	6,035	1,555	4,480
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	9,440	3,220	6,225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	390	130	260
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	1,865	985	875
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	2,680	1,520	1,160
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	2,930	1,365	1,565
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	595	105	490
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	25	15	0	10	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	69,810	23,220	46,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	975	200	775
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0	0	0	196,475	72,125	124,350	10,005	3,400	6,605
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	7,720	535	7,185
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	0	10	261,265	82,850	178,420	12,925	4,080	8,840
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	1,335	455	885
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	11,190	2,390	8,800
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	549,090	254,250	294,840	25,655	12,155	13,505
Business, management and public administration	80	40	45	85	25	60	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	145,930	61,450	84,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	130	45	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10	213,140	40,230	172,910	6,965	1,215	5,750
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	40	40	75	25	50	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	138,835	60,195	78,640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	10	0	0	513,555	241,780	271,785	30,605	14,930	15,680
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,460	90,390	137,075	10,695	3,995	6,695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	6,400	2,855	3,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	555	215	340
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	11,875	7,435	4,435
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	1,085	425	660
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0	667,305	445,970	221,330	31,330	20,720	10,615
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0	554,185	392,835	161,350	26,680	18,555	8,125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	1,040	135	900
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	3,015	1,650	1,365
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	600	380	225
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	45	15	60	50	10	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	138,260	116,630	21,630
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	5,185	3,050	2,130
14. Engineering	30	25	0	40	30	10	724,235	568,385	155,850	55,310	43,055	12,260
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	30,335	24,710	5,630
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	21,755	21,035	720
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	16,875	16,295	580
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	8,785	8,485	305
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	314,120	170,440	143,680	12,720	5,985	6,735
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,335	99,700	99,635	7,810	3,590	4,220
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	4,910	2,395	2,515
Health and related fields	35	10	20	30	10	20	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	88,715	18,735	69,980
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	10	0	0	139,280	67,885	71,385	7,355	3,465	3,885
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	20	0	15	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	78,745	14,010	64,730
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	145	60	80
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0	0	0	48,115	23,255	24,860	2,480	1,195	1,280
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	10	0	10	772,450	399,835	372,615	25,425	12,820	12,610
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	10	0	10	414,520	112,935	301,590	15,385	4,880	10,500
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	100	90	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	85	80	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	5,140	3,420	1,725
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	4,710	4,340	370
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	170	75	95
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	370	195	175	405	195	210	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	886,650	437,700	448,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	30	20	150	70	80	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	264,340	139,115	125,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	325	165	155	255	120	130	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	622,310	298,585	323,730
Location of study inside Canada	290	155	130	220	110	110	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	455,590	220,680	234,910
Same as province or territory of residence	200	115	85	165	80	80	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	328,175	157,540	170,630
Different than province or territory of residence	85	40	45	55	20	30	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	127,410	63,135	64,275
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	30	10	20	35	15	20	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	166,725	77,905	88,820
Americas	20	0	15	10	0	0	483,810	238,040	245,775	28,670	14,305	14,360
United States of America	15	0	10	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	17,465	9,425	8,040
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	2,410	1,065	1,345
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	250	145	110
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	80	45	30
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	470	215	255
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	1,670	690	980
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	2,125	915	1,210
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	400	155	250
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	1,850	780	1,070
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	1,945	870	1,075
Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0	543,725	281,205	262,520	29,575	15,435	14,145
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	220	130	90
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	1,225	630	595
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	1,235	645	590
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	795	430	370
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	415	220	190
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	380	180	205
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	630	295	335
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	1,485	575	905
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	1,870	1,020	855
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	2,235	955	1,280
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	1,605	745	865
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	930	570	355
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	11,725	6,495	5,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	345	185	155
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	350	210	140
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	375	180	190
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	3,760	1,955	1,805
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	13,270	6,695	6,570
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	4,965	2,375	2,590
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	340	170	170
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	420	220	200
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	185	115	75
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	1,670	860	810
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	1,690	855	840
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	3,985	2,105	1,880
Asia	0	0	0	25	10	15	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	91,990	39,695	52,295
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	2,155	1,010	1,145
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	920	450	465
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	425	230	195
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	640	300	335
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	735	380	355
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	390	235	160
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	201,100	87,370	113,720	11,260	5,010	6,250
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	585	145	440
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	805	315	495
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	1,045	275	770
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	3,925	1,615	2,305
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,795	115,370	190,420	30,585	12,115	18,470
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	855	335	520
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	1,405	540	870
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	485	250	235
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	405,850	199,380	206,475	25,005	11,780	13,225
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	6,330	2,815	3,520
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	4,435	1,895	2,540
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	3,225	1,775	1,450
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	2,545	1,385	1,160
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	555	315	240
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	125	70	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	505	265	240	580	295	285	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
In the labour force	395	205	190	360	200	155	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	882,705	463,170	419,540
Employed	355	185	165	320	190	130	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	776,015	408,675	367,335
Unemployed	40	20	25	40	15	25	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	106,695	54,490	52,205
Not in the labour force	110	65	50	225	95	130	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	395,665	167,985	227,680
Participation rate	78.2	77.4	79.2	62.1	67.8	54.4	63.7	67.7	59.8	69.0	73.4	64.8
Employment rate	70.3	69.8	68.8	55.2	64.4	45.6	57.1	60.9	53.4	60.7	64.8	56.8
Unemployment rate	10.1	9.8	13.2	11.1	7.5	16.1	10.3	9.9	10.7	12.1	11.8	12.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	505	265	235	580	300	285	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	1,278,375	631,155	647,220
Did not work¹⁸⁶	115	55	60	240	115	135	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	422,665	183,645	239,020
Worked	390	215	180	335	185	150	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	855,710	447,510	408,200
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	240	135	100	195	110	85	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	450,195	257,535	192,655
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	150	70	75	140	75	65	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	405,520	189,970	215,550
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.8	41.8	41.7	41.4	42.4	41.0	41.7	40.3	40.7	41.5	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	395	205	190	355	205	155	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	882,710	463,165	419,540
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	29,010	14,020	14,995
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	395	205	190	345	200	145	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	853,695	449,150	404,550
Employee	325	170	160	290	150	140	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	715,140	365,090	350,050
Permanent position	290	160	130	255	125	135	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	600,125	311,480	288,645
Temporary position	35	10	30	30	25	10	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	115,020	53,615	61,405
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	10	20	15	0	867,740	386,965	480,775	37,760	16,790	20,970
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	0	20	15	10	0	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	77,260	36,820	40,435
Self-employed¹⁹²	70	35	30	55	50	0	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	138,550	84,060	54,500
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	395	205	190	355	205	155	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	882,710	463,165	419,540
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	29,010	14,020	14,995
All occupations¹⁹¹	395	205	190	345	200	145	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	853,695	449,150	404,550
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	11,440	8,585	2,850
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	40	35	60	15	45	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	161,170	53,245	107,930
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	30	10	45	40	0	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	94,565	72,340	22,225
3 Health occupations	30	10	25	20	0	15	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	69,305	13,810	55,490
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	75	20	55	35	20	20	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	92,850	30,655	62,195
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	10	10	0	0	596,785	275,420	321,360	24,120	10,450	13,675
6 Sales and service occupations	90	35	55	75	35	40	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	209,115	94,840	114,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	35	0	80	70	10	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	147,375	132,085	15,290
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	541,235	416,960	124,270	18,195	14,065	4,130
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	857,540	612,415	245,120	25,565	19,070	6,490
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	395	205	190	355	205	155	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	882,710	463,165	419,540
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	29,010	14,020	14,995
All industries¹⁹¹	395	205	190	345	200	145	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	853,695	449,150	404,550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	8,270	5,105	3,165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	20	15	15	0	10	239,030	195,605	43,425	39,750	26,465	13,290
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	10,285	6,785	3,500
23 Construction	25	20	0	45	30	10	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	75,665	63,720	11,945
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	25	25	0	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	41,545	30,255	11,295
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	0	0	0	610,295	406,960	203,335	27,195	18,765	8,430
44-45 Retail trade	30	0	25	45	15	35	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	96,885	46,555	50,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	0	45	30	20	981,030	742,515	238,515	56,135	40,670	15,470
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	400,460	237,940	162,520	14,840	8,750	6,090
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	10	0	0	815,225	358,145	457,080	30,760	13,930	16,825
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	0	0	0	343,940	186,230	157,710	16,935	9,445	7,485
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	45	0	70	40	25	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	96,185	55,190	40,995
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	2,660	1,210	1,450
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	792,600	457,880	334,725	37,790	21,285	16,510
61 Educational services	60	15	40	20	0	10	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	55,510	16,805	38,700
62 Health care and social assistance	30	10	25	20	0	15	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	107,190	20,475	86,720
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	0	0	0	350,710	180,205	170,500	17,830	8,980	8,850
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	20	20	20	0	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	49,900	22,440	27,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	10	0	10	797,935	373,775	424,165	37,065	16,090	20,975
91 Public administration	20	0	15	15	10	0	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	31,305	16,235	15,075
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	420	220	200	390	220	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	926,320	483,455	442,860
English	410	215	195	335	195	145	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	878,705	460,305	418,400
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	1,250	340	915
Non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	6,970	3,525	3,440
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	20	10	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	6,955	3,525	3,430
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	10	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	7,700	3,085	4,615
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	15	15	570,220	291,000	279,220	30,355	15,535	14,825
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	740	340	405
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	575	325	250
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	420	220	200	390	220	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	926,320	483,455	442,860
Single responses	420	220	200	385	215	170	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	919,325	479,835	439,490
Official languages	420	220	200	365	200	165	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	906,220	473,040	433,180
English	420	220	200	365	200	165	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	903,745	472,395	431,350
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	2,475	650	1,835
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	310,455	161,825	148,635	13,105	6,795	6,310
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	10	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	291,025	152,095	138,925	13,090	6,795	6,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	470	250	215
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	15	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	450	235	215
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	35	25	10
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	335	170	165
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	70	35	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	840	330	510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	820	320	505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	555	290	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	55	30	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	495	260	240
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	30	0	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	5,395	2,930	2,465
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	455	185	270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	455	185	270
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	145	55	90
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	180	80	105
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	25	20	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	125	70	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	100	60	45
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	100	60	45
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	10	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	3,355	2,015	1,345
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	3,220	1,960	1,260
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	75	35	35
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	130	80	50
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	2,745	1,740	1,005
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	225	95	135
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	135	50	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	10	0	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	125	50	70
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	30	10	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	90	35	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	1,425	650	780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	25	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	85	55	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	60	40	30
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	1,255	540	715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	105	25	75
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	810	445	365
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	20	0	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	40	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	15	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	4,665	2,410	2,255
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	4,645	2,395	2,245
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	1,960	995	965
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	20	10	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	2,650	1,375	1,270
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	35	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	55	15	40
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	40	0	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	55	30	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	35	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	35	20	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	453,880	231,205	222,675	7,000	3,625	3,375
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,975	163,305	158,675	1,000	445	555
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	5,765	3,065	2,695
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	80	30	50
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	130	65	60
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	420	220	200	390	220	170	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	926,320	483,455	442,860
None	410	215	195	365	215	145	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	893,045	467,350	425,695
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	902,625	474,755	427,875	6,235	2,990	3,245
French	10	0	0	10	0	10	589,755	288,955	300,800	5,615	2,385	3,230
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10	331,375	168,035	163,335	17,585	8,825	8,760
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	115	45	70
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	10	313,185	160,295	152,885	17,465	8,780	8,690
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	15	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	660	330	335
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	500	245	255
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	2,665	1,335	1,335
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	355	185	165	320	190	130	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	776,010	408,680	367,335
Worked at home	170	80	85	100	60	45	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	215,520	105,290	110,230
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	2,820	2,095	725
No fixed workplace address	35	20	10	55	40	15	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	113,260	83,885	29,375
Usual place of work	155	80	65	165	90	75	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	444,410	217,405	227,005
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	150	85	65	165	90	75	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	444,410	217,405	227,005
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	145	75	65	135	70	65	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	361,065	170,000	191,065
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	15	10	0	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	69,230	37,715	31,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	10,095	7,060	3,035
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	4,020	2,625	1,395
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	185	100	80	215	125	85	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	557,670	301,290	256,380
Car, truck or van	115	65	50	185	115	65	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	473,465	261,055	212,410
Car, truck or van - as a driver	110	65	45	180	115	60	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	441,645	249,990	191,655
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	10	0	10	844,155	343,100	501,050	31,820	11,060	20,755
Public transit	20	0	20	15	0	10	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	40,930	17,775	23,165
Walked	30	25	0	15	0	10	672,815	296,610	376,205	22,670	10,345	12,325
Bicycle	15	10	0	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	4,355	3,240	1,115
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	16,245	8,875	7,365
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	185	100	80	215	125	85	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	557,670	301,290	256,380
Less than 15 minutes	50	20	35	55	15	35	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	128,460	58,155	70,310
15 to 29 minutes	85	55	35	100	65	30	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	242,460	130,855	111,610
30 to 44 minutes	40	25	15	45	35	10	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	125,765	75,100	50,660
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	10	0	10	910,610	542,485	368,125	31,050	18,505	12,545
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	10	0	0	926,120	599,115	327,005	29,930	18,665	11,265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	185	100	80	215	125	85	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	557,670	301,290	256,380
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10	10	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	37,665	27,280	10,390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20	15	0	30	25	10	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	100,900	63,500	37,400
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	25	35	45	20	30	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	143,455	75,755	67,700
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	35	25	60	30	30	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	105,095	50,620	54,475
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	35	20	15	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	79,595	35,415	44,180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	35	30	0	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	90,950	48,715	42,230
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	80	50	35	145	80	70	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	356,225	183,250	172,980
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	0	0	0	897,205	456,120	441,085	25,335	12,890	12,445
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	40	30	145	80	70	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	330,890	170,360	160,535
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45	25	20	110	65	50	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	259,535	133,590	125,945
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	0	0	0	682,190	346,420	335,770	18,890	9,625	9,270
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	467,685	234,475	233,215	9,575	4,670	4,910
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0	214,500	111,950	102,550	9,315	4,955	4,360
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20	110	65	50	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	240,640	123,965	116,675

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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