Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	47060259More information: Saskatchewan [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Saskatchewan [Census division] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	419	...	...	276,564	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	262,837	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	214	...	...	122,908	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	190	...	...	111,468	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	235.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.78	...	...	17,363.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	415	225	190	276,560	136,900	139,660
0 to 14 years	50	25	30	52,715	26,900	25,815
0 to 4 years	25	10	10	16,480	8,325	8,160
5 to 9 years	20	10	5	18,245	9,280	8,965
10 to 14 years	10	5	5	17,990	9,290	8,695
15 to 64 years	295	165	130	179,355	89,915	89,435
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	15,945	8,290	7,655
20 to 24 years	35	15	15	17,150	8,995	8,155
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	17,810	8,905	8,905
30 to 34 years	50	25	25	20,475	10,120	10,360
35 to 39 years	35	20	10	21,250	10,625	10,625
40 to 44 years	35	15	15	19,515	9,835	9,685
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	16,700	8,325	8,380
50 to 54 years	30	20	10	15,535	7,765	7,775
55 to 59 years	25	15	15	17,690	8,610	9,075
60 to 64 years	15	5	5	17,280	8,460	8,825
65 years and over	70	35	40	44,495	20,085	24,410
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	14,895	7,245	7,650
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	11,090	5,280	5,805
75 to 79 years	15	5	5	7,285	3,330	3,950
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	5,195	2,155	3,040
85 years and over	10	5	0	6,030	2,075	3,955
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	3,440	1,245	2,195
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	2,000	695	1,305
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	520	130	390
100 years and over	0	0	0	70	10	60
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	11.1	15.8	19.1	19.6	18.5
15 to 64 years	71.1	73.3	68.4	64.9	65.7	64.0
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	21.1	16.1	14.7	17.5
85 years and over	2.4	2.2	0.0	2.2	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	41.4	41.0	42.0	39.4	38.4	40.3
Median age of the population	39.2	39.2	40.8	38.4	37.6	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	190	...	...	111,465	...	...
Single-detached house	135	...	...	75,640	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	2,965	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	6,350	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	2,260	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	18,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	4,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	910	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	190	...	...	111,470	...	...
1 person	70	...	...	32,370	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	38,145	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	16,120	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	15,295	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	9,535	...	...
Number of persons in private households	415	225	190	271,810	134,695	137,115
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	360	200	165	223,850	110,005	113,840
Married or living common-law	150	75	75	128,720	64,310	64,410
Married	115	55	55	107,865	53,895	53,975
Living common-law	35	15	15	20,850	10,415	10,435
Living common law - Never married	35	15	15	15,730	7,890	7,840
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	625	340	290
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	4,110	2,035	2,075
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	385	155	235
Not married and not living common-law	215	125	90	95,130	45,695	49,435
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	95	55	65,330	35,680	29,655
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	4,905	2,130	2,775
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	13,145	5,375	7,765
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	10	15	11,745	2,505	9,240
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	110	...	...	75,780	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	38,405	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	15,530	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	14,670	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	7,180	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	75,780	...	...
Total couple families	75	...	...	62,760	...	...
Married couples	55	...	...	52,335	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	27,985	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	24,350	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	10,425	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	4,035	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	6,390	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	13,025	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	9,910	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	3,115	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	420	230	195	271,805	134,695	137,115
Total - Persons in census families	300	155	145	221,105	109,615	111,490
Married spouses or common-law partners	145	75	75	125,515	62,730	62,780
Parents in one-parent families	35	15	20	13,025	3,115	9,905
Children⁶	120	65	55	82,565	43,765	38,800
In a two-parent family	65	30	30	61,205	32,120	29,090
In a one-parent family	55	35	20	21,360	11,650	9,715
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	120	70	45	50,705	25,085	25,620
Living alone	70	40	30	32,370	14,855	17,515
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	7,020	3,320	3,705
Living with non-relatives only	35	25	5	11,315	6,910	4,410
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	190	...	...	111,470	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	67,695	...	...
Couple-family households	65	...	...	57,590	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	29,245	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	28,350	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	10,105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	2,380	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	520	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	3,290	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	5,210	...	...
One-person households	70	...	...	32,370	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	365	200	165	219,330	107,930	111,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	190	155	209,870	102,970	106,900
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,400	36,800	46,400	51,200	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	190	155	209,985	103,030	106,950
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	36,400	33,600	41,200	45,200	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	300	165	135	190,910	94,825	96,085
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	25,600	41,600	48,400	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	245	135	110	157,390	80,560	76,825
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,800	31,000	43,200	48,800	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	175	150	185,330	89,320	96,010
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,600	9,800	12,100	7,750	5,680	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55	30	25	19,400	9,935	9,465
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,840	5,920	5,760	5,640	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	55	60	52,195	25,750	26,450
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	12,000	9,800	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	360	205	160	219,290	107,905	111,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	200	160	209,885	102,915	106,970
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	41,200	44,000	57,300	64,100	50,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	200	160	209,980	102,965	107,015
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,000	39,500	47,680	52,100	43,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	160	145	191,295	94,875	96,425
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,400	31,200	53,100	61,200	45,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	130	115	157,390	80,320	77,065
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	36,000	34,000	52,250	59,000	45,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	175	145	185,045	89,020	96,025
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,000	14,700	15,400	10,070	8,900	11,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	75	35	40	19,255	9,905	9,350
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,400	5,800	7,060	6,195	7,990
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	65	65	52,365	25,980	26,380
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	13,200	10,400	8,910	8,860	8,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	365	205	155	219,290	107,910	111,385
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	50	45	81,345	44,030	37,315
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	52,800	56,400	67,000	72,000	62,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000	52,000	58,000	76,300	82,900	68,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	55	60	58,055	27,470	30,585
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	17,000	18,200	19,000	21,400	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	27,000	19,000	28,960	32,960	25,340
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.0	68.0	68.0	84.4	88.0	80.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.0	56.0	58.0	68.4	71.8	64.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.4	32.0	33.0	15.5	12.0	19.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	2.8	3.4	1.1	0.9	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.2	11.2	11.2	4.5	3.8	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	3.9	3.5	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395
Without total income	15	5	5	9,455	4,960	4,495
With total income	350	195	160	209,870	102,965	106,900
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	5	10	16,300	7,625	8,675
$10,000 to $19,999	45	30	15	20,005	8,635	11,365
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	35	28,410	12,305	16,105
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	24,900	10,865	14,030
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	20	23,635	10,590	13,045
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	20	20,720	9,820	10,900
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	16,965	8,615	8,345
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	13,690	7,390	6,295
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	10,860	5,950	4,905
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	8,765	4,740	4,025
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	25,620	16,425	9,200
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	0	18,095	11,020	7,070
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	7,530	5,400	2,130
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	9,345	4,905	4,445
With after-tax income	350	195	160	209,980	103,030	106,950
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	5	10	17,025	7,875	9,150
$10,000 to $19,999	45	30	15	21,075	9,115	11,960
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	32,575	14,275	18,300
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	30	30,095	13,490	16,605
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	28,375	13,245	15,130
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	23,350	11,895	11,455
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10	17,690	9,435	8,255
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	13,205	7,060	6,145
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	8,585	4,780	3,805
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5,620	3,335	2,285
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	12,390	8,510	3,875
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	6,780	4,500	2,280
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	5,610	4,015	1,595
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395
Without employment income	120	65	55	61,940	27,370	34,565
With employment income	240	140	105	157,390	80,565	76,830
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	19,355	9,070	10,290
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	15	11,515	5,275	6,245
$10,000 to $19,999	30	20	15	16,745	7,700	9,045
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	10	13,620	6,500	7,125
$30,000 to $39,999	20	15	10	13,185	6,190	6,995
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	13,770	6,505	7,265
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	12,975	6,465	6,510
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	11,630	6,195	5,430
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	9,710	5,330	4,375
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	8,320	4,565	3,755
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	6,955	3,765	3,190
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	19,595	13,005	6,590
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	9,635	5,845	3,790
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	9,960	7,160	2,805
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	365	200	165	219,330	107,930	111,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	185	155	204,895	100,325	104,570
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	39,200	33,600	45,200	51,600	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	185	155	204,975	100,335	104,640
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,600	31,800	40,400	44,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	165	135	187,725	93,180	94,545
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	39,600	28,400	42,800	50,400	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	245	135	110	156,150	79,910	76,240
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	34,800	44,000	50,400	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	170	145	174,570	84,245	90,325
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,140	1,420	6,120	2,280	1,140	4,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	25	15	14,740	7,165	7,570
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,360	6,360	x	6,120	5,520	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	360	205	160	219,290	107,905	111,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	190	155	204,975	100,245	104,730
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	40,800	38,500	55,400	63,200	47,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	190	155	205,035	100,255	104,775
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	35,200	35,000	45,760	51,040	40,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	165	145	188,280	93,295	94,990
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	29,600	53,800	62,700	45,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	130	125	156,600	80,020	76,575
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,000	29,600	53,300	60,700	45,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	170	145	174,815	84,295	90,520
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,100	10,600	7,000	5,775	8,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	20	15	14,850	7,275	7,575
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,000	7,750	6,390	9,050
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	365	205	155	219,290	107,910	111,385
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	90	45	45	80,760	43,715	37,050
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	65,500	48,800	63,600	69,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,000	58,000	46,000	73,000	80,400	64,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	45	60	54,070	25,450	28,620
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	37,200	20,600	25,400	29,200	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	37,000	21,000	35,920	41,880	30,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.0	80.0	74.0	89.2	92.4	85.4
Employment income (%)	66.0	68.0	62.0	73.6	76.6	69.6
Government transfers (%)	22.8	19.6	27.0	10.8	7.7	14.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5	1.0	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	190	...	...	111,470	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	70	...	...	32,370	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	47,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	41,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	120	...	...	79,100	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	89,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	32,355	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	58,250	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,000	...	...	48,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	79,115	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	128,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	106,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	190	...	...	111,470	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,250	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	530	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	900	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	1,675	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	3,865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,455	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	3,230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	3,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	3,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	3,975	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	7,970	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	7,840	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	7,545	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	6,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	6,530	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	48,380	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	13,755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10,345	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	13,135	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	11,140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	190	...	...	111,470	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,370	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	525	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	945	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	1,745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	4,195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,930	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	3,815	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	4,445	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	4,705	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	4,700	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	9,625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	9,285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	8,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	7,970	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	7,090	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	38,445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	14,315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	9,595	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	14,535	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	105	...	...	75,520	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	28,945	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	32,165	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	12,105	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	63,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	100	65	40	43,685	21,765	21,925
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	43,200	44,000	42,800	42,800	42,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	37,200	38,400	38,000	38,000	38,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	75,560	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	128,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	106,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	28,975	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	122,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	100,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	32,205	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	154,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	127,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	12,080	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	80	60	20	43,635	21,760	21,870
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,000	32,000	52,700	52,700	52,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,000	39,000	32,000	44,280	43,640	44,920
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	415	225	190	271,810	134,700	137,110
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	62,015	31,735	30,280
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	20,045	10,115	9,935
18 to 64 years	285	165	125	168,080	83,730	84,350
65 years and over	70	30	40	41,710	19,225	22,485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30	20	15	29,305	14,055	15,250
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	8,770	4,485	4,280
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	3,100	1,500	1,605
18 to 64 years	20	10	5	15,855	7,810	8,040
65 years and over	10	5	10	4,680	1,755	2,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	8.0	7.0	10.8	10.4	11.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	14.1	14.1	14.1
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.5	14.8	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	7.0	5.0	9.4	9.3	9.5
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0	11.2	9.1	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	420	230	195	267,800	132,680	135,120
0 to 17 years	60	30	35	60,495	30,980	29,515
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	19,620	9,930	9,695
18 to 64 years	285	160	120	165,955	82,630	83,325
65 years and over	70	35	35	41,350	19,075	22,280
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	15	5	10,990	5,950	5,045
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,570	1,335	1,240
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	855	430	425
18 to 64 years	20	15	0	7,855	4,345	3,510
65 years and over	0	0	0	570	270	295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	7.0	x	4.1	4.5	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.3	4.3	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.4	4.4	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	4.7	5.3	4.2
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.4	1.4	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	415	225	190	271,810	134,695	137,115
In bottom half of the distribution	250	135	115	128,190	62,365	65,830
In bottom decile	40	25	10	26,460	13,310	13,150
In second decile	55	25	30	25,580	11,835	13,750
In third decile	55	30	25	25,265	12,270	12,995
In fourth decile	50	25	20	25,225	12,275	12,950
In fifth decile	60	30	30	25,665	12,675	12,985
In top half of the distribution	165	90	80	143,620	72,335	71,285
In sixth decile	55	30	25	26,985	13,365	13,615
In seventh decile	45	25	25	28,390	14,245	14,140
In eighth decile	45	25	15	29,835	14,980	14,850
In ninth decile	5	5	0	30,690	15,505	15,185
In top decile	10	10	5	27,720	14,235	13,485
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	420	...	...	271,805	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.257	...	...	0.329	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.414	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.225	...	...	0.290	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.5	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780
English only	390	215	180	254,735	127,005	127,730
French only	0	0	0	180	80	100
English and French	10	5	10	15,100	6,795	8,305
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	2,980	1,340	1,640
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780
English	405	220	185	266,955	132,395	134,560
French	0	0	0	2,585	1,250	1,335
English and French	0	0	0	615	315	300
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	2,845	1,265	1,580
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780
Single responses	395	215	180	264,075	130,815	133,260
Official languages	305	165	145	220,605	109,085	111,520
English	305	160	140	218,010	107,835	110,175
French	0	0	0	2,595	1,255	1,345
Non-official languages	85	50	35	43,475	21,730	21,740
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	495	205	290
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	340	130	210
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	250	100	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	250	100	150
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	80	30	55
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	55	80
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	80	30	55
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	85	25	55
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	70	25	40
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	20	10	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Assiniboine	0	0	0	30	20	15
Dakota	0	0	0	60	25	35
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	50	35	42,975	21,530	21,450
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,045	1,525	1,525
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Hausa	0	0	0	20	5	10
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	585	280	305
Bilen	0	0	0	75	40	35
Oromo	0	0	0	50	20	30
Somali	0	0	0	425	205	225
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,445	1,240	1,205
Amharic	0	0	0	170	85	90
Arabic	0	0	0	1,765	895	870
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	465	245	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	1,625	780	845
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vietnamese	5	0	0	1,590	760	825
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	7,570	3,595	3,980
Bikol	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	95	110
Cebuano	0	0	0	430	205	230
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	95	40	55
Ilocano	0	0	0	440	205	235
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	5	20
Kankanaey	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	5	6,090	2,900	3,190
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	30	10	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,120	615	505
Kannada	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malayalam	0	0	0	630	340	295
Tamil	0	0	0	205	115	95
Telugu	0	0	0	240	150	95
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	21,620	11,125	10,495
Albanian	0	0	0	180	95	85
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	3,050	1,405	1,650
Baltic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Slavic languages	5	0	5	3,000	1,380	1,625
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	400	180	220
Russian	0	0	0	885	415	465
Rusyn	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	360	175	185
Bosnian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Croatian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Serbian	0	0	0	135	70	70
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	5	1,225	545	680
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	2,555	1,215	1,335
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5	1,975	930	1,050
German	5	5	5	1,960	925	1,040
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	490	245	240
Afrikaans	0	0	0	185	105	80
Dutch	0	0	0	225	110	120
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	50	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Danish	0	0	0	40	25	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	470	240	230
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	13,305	7,150	6,155
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	12,460	6,705	5,755
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	1,370	720	650
Gujarati	0	0	0	2,650	1,495	1,155
Hindi	5	5	0	1,180	660	515
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5
Konkani	0	0	0	25	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	65	40	30
Nepali	0	0	0	360	180	175
Oriya languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Odia	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	4,085	2,195	1,890
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Urdu	0	0	0	2,515	1,285	1,235
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	845	440	400
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	55	35	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	175	100	70
Persian languages	0	0	0	600	300	300
Dari	0	0	0	215	105	105
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	340	170	170
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	2,030	1,005	1,025
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	305	155	150
Portuguese	0	0	0	180	85	95
Romanian	0	0	0	225	100	125
Spanish	5	0	0	1,320	660	660
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	25	65
Korean	0	0	0	550	240	315
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	1,165	595	570
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	15	5
Éwé	0	0	0	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	35	20	15
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Igbo	5	5	0	145	85	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	70	40	25
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	110	50	55
Shona	0	0	0	30	20	10
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swahili	0	0	0	150	80	75
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	345	170	170
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	40	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	170	95	75
Dinka	0	0	0	55	35	25
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	5,235	2,570	2,665
Chinese languages	5	5	0	4,695	2,290	2,400
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	3,230	1,595	1,640
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,265	605	655
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	5	525	265	260
Burmese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Karenic languages	10	10	5	420	215	205
S'gaw Karen	10	10	5	350	180	165
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	180	75	105
Lao	0	0	0	130	60	70
Thai	0	0	0	50	15	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	100	50	50
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	345	160	180
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	320	155	170
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	8,920	4,405	4,515
English and French	0	0	0	855	435	420
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	7,005	3,470	3,540
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	145	75	75
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	125	60	65
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	790	370	415
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780
English	330	175	155	221,875	109,690	112,185
French	0	0	0	670	325	340
Non-official language	35	20	15	11,810	5,880	5,930
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	30	5	20
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	11,780	5,870	5,910
English and French	5	0	5	2,240	1,040	1,200
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	33,880	17,030	16,855
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	115	50	65
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	965	475	495
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,435	730	705
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780
Single responses	395	215	180	263,665	130,495	133,170
Official languages	350	190	165	236,510	116,775	119,730
English	350	190	165	235,505	116,295	119,215
French	0	0	0	1,005	480	520
Non-official languages	40	25	20	27,155	13,720	13,435
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	110	45	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	25	20	27,050	13,675	13,370
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,100	1,015	1,080
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	420	195	220
Bilen	0	0	0	65	35	25
Oromo	0	0	0	45	20	25
Somali	0	0	0	290	135	155
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,685	820	865
Amharic	0	0	0	70	30	45
Arabic	0	0	0	1,230	595	630
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	355	180	175
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	1,285	635	655
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vietnamese	5	0	0	1,275	630	645
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	4,830	2,340	2,490
Bikol	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	135	65	70
Cebuano	0	0	0	235	115	120
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	40	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	185	90	95
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	4,095	1,980	2,115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	750	395	355
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	455	245	220
Tamil	0	0	0	125	65	65
Telugu	0	0	0	135	75	60
Tulu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	12,775	6,675	6,095
Albanian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,230	610	625
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,210	595	615
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	45	55
Russian	0	0	0	570	280	290
Rusyn	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	145	70	80
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	340	175	170
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	470	225	245
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	335	160	175
German	0	0	0	335	160	175
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	100	55	55
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	240	115	130
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	9,870	5,260	4,610
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	9,320	4,980	4,330
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	970	505	465
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,995	1,105	890
Hindi	0	0	0	850	485	365
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	270	135	135
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	3,330	1,795	1,540
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	1,750	880	870
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	40	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	555	275	275
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	110	60	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	395	195	200
Dari	0	0	0	120	65	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	235	110	125
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	860	420	440
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Spanish	0	0	0	650	320	330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Korean	0	0	0	420	195	225
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	480	235	240
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Éwé	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	35	25	10
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	70	30	35
Shona	0	0	0	15	10	10
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	95	50	50
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	110	50	60
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Dinka	0	0	0	40	20	20
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	65	40	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	3,925	1,940	1,990
Chinese languages	5	5	0	3,515	1,730	1,785
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	2,595	1,295	1,305
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	815	390	425
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	5	405	210	200
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Karenic languages	10	10	5	335	170	160
S'gaw Karen	10	10	5	280	140	135
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	75	35	35
Lao	0	0	0	60	30	30
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	70	40	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	9,335	4,730	4,610
English and French	0	0	0	355	175	175
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	8,650	4,395	4,255
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	55	25	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	85	45	35
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	190	85	100
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	415	225	195	273,000	135,220	137,775
None	390	210	175	241,530	119,505	122,030
English	10	0	5	11,430	5,765	5,660
French	5	0	5	1,920	895	1,025
Non-official language	20	10	10	12,975	6,405	6,575
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	640	270	370
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	12,335	6,130	6,205
English and French	0	0	0	130	65	65
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,780	1,465	1,315
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	415	185	230
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,775	910	865
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	435	245	190	271,810	134,695	137,110
Official languages	435	245	190	268,840	133,380	135,460
English	435	245	190	268,710	133,310	135,395
French	15	0	15	15,120	7,020	8,095
Non-official languages	85	45	30	59,050	29,465	29,585
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	1,685	815	865
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,210	590	630
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	1,020	485	535
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	1,020	485	535
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	430	195	240
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	545	275	270
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	270	150	120
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	270	150	120
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	235	130	105
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	0	20
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	90	45	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	405	195	205
Assiniboine	0	0	0	110	65	50
Dakota	0	0	0	210	100	110
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	50
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	45	30	57,410	28,660	28,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	4,415	2,240	2,175
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	85	30	60
Hausa	0	0	0	85	30	60
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	850	415	430
Bilen	0	0	0	135	75	60
Oromo	0	0	0	55	15	40
Somali	0	0	0	615	300	315
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,675	1,890	1,785
Amharic	0	0	0	355	175	180
Arabic	0	0	0	2,690	1,410	1,280
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	295	170	125
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	670	335	330
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,030	1,115
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	75	45	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,065	980	1,085
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	10,370	4,955	5,415
Bikol	0	0	0	120	50	75
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	135	135
Cebuano	0	0	0	650	300	350
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	160	75	85
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,090	510	580
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Kankanaey	0	0	0	55	25	30
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	60	45	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	175	95	90
Pangasinan	0	0	0	45	25	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	10,050	4,780	5,270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	100	60	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	185	165
Creole languages	0	0	0	365	185	185
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	20	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	70	40	35
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	80	35	40
Sango	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	50	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,665	865	805
Kannada	0	0	0	80	35	40
Malayalam	0	0	0	920	470	450
Tamil	0	0	0	440	255	185
Telugu	0	0	0	400	215	185
Tulu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	28,730	14,680	14,050
Albanian	0	0	0	265	150	115
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,940	1,865	2,075
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	60	30	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	430	200	235
Russian	0	0	0	1,700	820	880
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	635	325	310
Bosnian	0	0	0	170	85	80
Croatian	0	0	0	310	170	135
Serbian	0	0	0	275	140	140
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slovak	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,845	845	1,005
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	20
Irish	0	0	0	20	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	2,950	1,495	1,455
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
High German languages	10	0	0	2,125	1,050	1,080
German	10	0	0	2,100	1,040	1,060
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	665	380	280
Afrikaans	0	0	0	255	165	90
Dutch	0	0	0	325	185	140
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	20	35
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	30	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	190	85	115
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	30	55
Swedish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	810	425	385
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	17,495	9,240	8,255
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	16,600	8,745	7,860
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	1,835	930	910
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,350	1,865	1,485
Hindi	0	0	0	7,755	4,125	3,630
Kacchi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	25	20
Konkani	0	0	0	30	20	10
Marathi	0	0	0	260	130	130
Nepali	0	0	0	390	205	185
Oriya languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	6,085	3,235	2,845
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	40	20	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Urdu	0	0	0	3,975	2,050	1,920
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	210	120	90
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,095	600	495
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	100	40	60
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	275	150	125
Persian languages	0	0	0	775	430	340
Dari	0	0	0	355	185	170
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	420	240	180
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,930	1,870	2,060
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	615	260	355
Portuguese	0	0	0	350	175	175
Romanian	0	0	0	230	120	105
Spanish	0	0	0	2,895	1,380	1,515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	415	180	235
Korean	0	0	0	665	315	345
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	3,150	1,610	1,540
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	195	85	105
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	70	40	25
Éwé	0	0	0	35	25	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	75	55	25
Ganda	0	0	0	45	25	20
Gikuyu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	535	285	245
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	155	75	80
Lingala	0	0	0	45	30	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	25	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	160	80	75
Shona	0	0	0	30	10	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swahili	0	0	0	475	240	235
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,295	655	645
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	320	170	150
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Dinka	0	0	0	55	25	30
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	65
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	360	190	170
American Sign Language	0	0	0	280	145	135
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	6,215	3,060	3,150
Chinese languages	10	10	0	5,475	2,730	2,745
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,235	2,110	2,125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,645	810	835
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	685	305	380
Burmese	0	0	0	140	60	80
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	525	235	290
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	455	210	250
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	25	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	50
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	30
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	250	120	125
Lao	0	0	0	190	105	85
Thai	0	0	0	95	30	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	190	85	105
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	170	80	90
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	335	160	180
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	325	155	175
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	45	25
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	75	45	30	30,960	14,825	16,135
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	75	45	30	30,240	14,485	15,755
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	15	20	19,680	9,320	10,360
Métis	40	30	10	10,425	5,125	5,300
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	140	45	95
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	405	180	225
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	315	160	150
Non-Indigenous identity	365	200	165	240,845	119,870	120,980
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	20	0	18,225	8,635	9,590
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	410	230	190	253,580	126,060	127,520
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	77,480	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	32,925	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	14,640	...	...
Not condominium	175	...	...	96,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	530	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	11,660	...	...
2 bedrooms	55	...	...	27,095	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	38,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	60	...	...	33,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	29,700	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	17,140	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	15,890	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	14,670	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	34,070	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
One person or fewer per room	170	...	...	108,250	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	3,220	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	105,375	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	6,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
1960 or before	50	...	...	22,220	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	36,890	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	14,205	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	7,810	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	5,000	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	6,765	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	10,825	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	7,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	170	...	...	103,065	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	8,405	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
One-maintainer household	85	...	...	55,815	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	51,205	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	4,450	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	180	...	...	111,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	4,160	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	17,715	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	22,455	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	18,555	...	...
55 to 64 years	15	...	...	20,890	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	15,810	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	8,260	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	3,625	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	180	...	...	108,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	88,520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	19,770	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	18,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	180	...	...	111,470	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	31,260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	17,345	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	4,750	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	6,250	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	760	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,580	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	490	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	90	...	...
Acceptable housing	125	...	...	80,210	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	180	...	...	106,565	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	10,575	...	...
Not in core need	160	...	...	95,990	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	76,020	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.4	...	...	11.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,190	...	...	1,340	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,448	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	344,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	369,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	32,765	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.0	...	...	35.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	23.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	1,065	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	282	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	440	245	195	271,810	134,695	137,115
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	20	0	17,730	8,380	9,350
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	20	0	17,095	8,090	9,005
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	20	0	14,610	6,905	7,705
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	2,430	1,180	1,255
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	55	10	45
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	635	285	345
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	620	270	345
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	15	25	14,075	6,845	7,235
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	15	25	13,325	6,510	6,820
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	25	7,405	3,600	3,810
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	5,825	2,870	2,955
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	95	35	55
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	755	335	420
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	695	315	380
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	40	10	25
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	375	205	165	240,000	119,470	120,530
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	435	245	190	271,805	134,695	137,110
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	385	215	170	243,075	120,095	122,975
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70	40	30	56,720	28,925	27,795
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	310	170	140	186,350	91,175	95,180
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	55	30	25	28,735	14,595	14,135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	435	245	190	271,805	134,695	137,110
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	370	210	160	218,365	107,745	110,620
Immigrants⁸¹	65	35	35	47,185	23,440	23,740
Before 1980	15	0	10	4,290	2,100	2,185
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	1,965	1,000	965
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,940	1,365	1,570
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	9,655	4,695	4,960
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	25	25	28,335	14,275	14,060
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	13,125	6,730	6,395
2016 to 2021	45	20	25	15,210	7,545	7,665
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	6,265	3,510	2,755
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	65	30	35	47,185	23,445	23,745
Under 5 years	0	0	0	4,575	2,420	2,150
5 to 14 years	20	0	15	8,600	4,605	4,000
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	7,545	3,395	4,150
25 to 44 years	30	20	10	22,565	10,995	11,565
45 years and over	0	0	0	3,900	2,025	1,875
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	65	30	35	47,185	23,445	23,745
Americas	0	0	0	3,560	1,685	1,875
Brazil	0	0	0	110	55	50
Colombia	0	0	0	115	70	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	160	80	85
Guyana	0	0	0	75	35	35
Haiti	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	675	315	355
Mexico	0	0	0	340	180	160
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	85	30	50
United States of America	0	0	0	1,390	590	800
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	555	300	255
Europe	15	0	10	6,580	3,300	3,280
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	205	105	105
Croatia	0	0	0	220	125	100
France	0	0	0	125	50	75
Germany	0	0	0	560	265	290
Greece	0	0	0	275	165	110
Hungary	0	0	0	130	65	65
Italy	0	0	0	305	140	165
Netherlands	0	0	0	260	170	90
Poland	0	0	0	255	105	145
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	25
Romania	0	0	0	190	90	100
Russian Federation	0	0	0	210	95	115
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	95	50	45
Ukraine	0	0	0	925	420	500
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	1,850	930	920
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	935	505	430
Africa	0	0	0	6,400	3,330	3,070
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	230	115	110
Egypt	0	0	0	345	175	170
Eritrea	0	0	0	425	220	205
Ethiopia	0	0	0	325	130	195
Morocco	0	0	0	40	25	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,255	1,175	1,075
Somalia	0	0	0	345	165	180
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	380	215	165
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	2,045	1,105	940
Asia	50	25	25	30,450	15,050	15,400
Afghanistan	0	0	0	260	125	135
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	255	160	100
Iraq	0	0	0	190	95	90
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	55	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	640	290	355
Turkey	0	0	0	90	45	50
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	2,950	1,385	1,565
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	260	130	130
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	420	190	225
Taiwan	0	0	0	55	25	25
Philippines	30	15	15	10,135	4,855	5,280
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,425	645	780
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,255	670	585
India	0	0	0	7,535	3,915	3,620
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,660	1,340	1,315
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	65	45	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,190	1,090	1,105
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	190	75	115
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	25	20	15,215	7,545	7,665
Americas	0	0	0	835	410	420
Brazil	0	0	0	50	30	20
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	240	135	110
Mexico	0	0	0	115	60	55
United States of America	0	0	0	280	115	170
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	110	60	45
Europe	0	0	0	845	490	360
France	0	0	0	25	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	30	0	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	75	50	25
Italy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	15	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	180	80	105
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	195	130	65
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	300	195	110
Africa	0	0	0	2,785	1,445	1,345
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	45	30	15
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	165	80	85
Eritrea	0	0	0	215	105	110
Ethiopia	0	0	0	95	30	60
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,415	765	655
Somalia	0	0	0	75	35	40
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	65	40
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	110	55	55
Tunisia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	470	230	235
Asia	45	25	20	10,710	5,190	5,520
Afghanistan	0	0	0	105	40	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0	490	245	250
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	1,215	605	610
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	3,990	1,985	2,005
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iraq	0	0	0	45	20	25
Israel	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Jordan	0	0	0	60	35	30
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	90	30	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	790	400	395
Philippines	35	15	15	2,440	1,145	1,295
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	135	75	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	555	260	300
Turkey	0	0	0	35	15	20
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	55	20	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	320	130	190
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	220	110	110
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	35	10	25
Australia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110
First generation¹⁰⁰	70	30	35	54,775	27,520	27,255
Second generation¹⁰¹	75	45	30	33,430	16,145	17,285
Third generation or more¹⁰²	290	170	125	183,600	91,035	92,570
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	50	25	25	42,890	21,340	21,555
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	20	25	29,735	15,300	14,435
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	12,165	7,715	4,445
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	10	25	17,570	7,585	9,980
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	7,745	3,230	4,510
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	5,340	2,765	2,570
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	80	40	35
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	50	25	25	42,890	21,340	21,555
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	555	315	235
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	5,245	2,845	2,400
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	1,330	700	625
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	3,655	2,170	1,480
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	205	90	115
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	25	10	20	31,910	15,215	16,695
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	75	45	30	58,680	29,640	29,035
South Asian	10	10	0	19,545	10,225	9,320
Chinese	15	10	0	6,055	3,080	2,985
Black	0	0	0	10,000	5,140	4,860
Filipino	45	25	25	12,405	5,935	6,470
Arab	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	970
Latin American	0	0	0	1,430	690	735
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	3,580	1,750	1,830
West Asian	0	0	0	935	500	430
Korean	0	0	0	635	290	350
Japanese	0	0	0	285	125	155
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	445	195	245
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	1,355	670	685
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	360	200	165	213,130	105,050	108,075
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	435	245	190	271,810	134,695	137,110
Canadian	55	20	35	24,290	12,290	12,000
English	30	10	20	52,865	25,785	27,080
Irish	40	25	15	36,705	17,480	19,225
Scottish	65	25	45	43,455	21,300	22,155
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	20	10	23,300	11,320	11,980
German	110	55	55	71,780	35,405	36,380
Chinese	40	20	20	6,635	3,300	3,335
Italian	0	0	0	3,525	1,720	1,800
Indian (India)	10	10	0	9,600	5,090	4,510
Ukrainian	65	35	35	32,055	15,485	16,570
Dutch	0	0	0	5,885	2,885	3,005
Polish	30	20	10	14,070	6,800	7,270
Québécois	0	0	0	180	85	95
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	6,150	3,070	3,080
Filipino	30	20	0	11,225	5,390	5,835
French Canadian	0	0	0	1,255	650	605
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	3,445	1,840	1,605
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	20	0	10,430	4,975	5,460
Métis	10	10	0	9,595	4,650	4,945
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	20	0	2,835	1,485	1,350
Russian	0	0	0	7,770	3,770	3,995
Norwegian	25	15	10	12,460	6,025	6,435
Welsh	0	0	0	4,520	2,165	2,360
Portuguese	0	0	0	460	235	220
American	0	0	0	2,855	1,470	1,385
Spanish	0	0	0	1,700	745	950
Swedish	0	0	0	6,520	3,095	3,425
Hungarian	25	20	10	10,180	5,025	5,160
Acadian	0	0	0	180	95	90
Pakistani	0	0	0	2,940	1,500	1,445
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	1,745	920	825
Jewish	0	0	0	775	410	365
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,970	1,030	940
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,100	1,030	1,070
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	1,005	530	475
Greek	0	0	0	1,420	755	660
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,025	475	555
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,085
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	15	6,285	2,945	3,335
Korean	0	0	0	655	305	345
Romanian	0	0	0	5,665	2,740	2,925
Lebanese	0	0	0	320	160	160
Iranian	0	0	0	415	235	180
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	635	335	300
Danish	0	0	0	2,625	1,225	1,400
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	2,295	1,065	1,230
Sikh	0	0	0	1,195	655	540
Austrian	10	0	10	7,490	3,710	3,780
Belgian	0	0	0	2,110	1,095	1,015
Haitian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Hindu	0	0	0	1,330	690	640
Mexican	0	0	0	605	315	290
Mennonite	0	0	0	880	430	445
Swiss	0	0	0	1,040	510	530
Finnish	0	0	0	1,035	505	525
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	100	60	40
Croatian	0	0	0	690	350	340
Japanese	0	0	0	425	190	235
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	425	210	215
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	145	60	85
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,430	735	695
Muslim	0	0	0	630	340	290
Egyptian	0	0	0	400	215	185
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	185	80	100
Tamil	0	0	0	120	65	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,595	680	910
Colombian	0	0	0	165	80	80
Moroccan	0	0	0	45	30	10
Czech	0	0	0	1,290	625	670
Syrian	0	0	0	485	200	285
Guyanese	0	0	0	130	45	80
Afghan	0	0	0	460	240	225
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	225	105	125
Serbian	0	0	0	560	275	285
Ojibway	0	0	0	525	225	300
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	150	60	90
Hong Konger	0	0	0	125	60	65
Ontarian	0	0	0	125	55	75
Persian	0	0	0	170	100	70
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	150	85	60
Turkish	0	0	0	225	125	105
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	210	80	135
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	1,270	670	600
Algerian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Brazilian	0	0	0	225	115	115
Nigerian	0	0	0	1,450	780	670
Armenian	0	0	0	75	25	50
Slovak	0	0	0	430	255	170
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	520	245	275
Somali	0	0	0	665	290	375
Taiwanese	0	0	0	65	50	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	175	90	85
Salvadorean	0	0	0	165	85	75
African Caribbean	0	0	0	165	95	70
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	365	180	190
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	235	110	120
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	125	70	60
Algonquin	0	0	0	35	20	15
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	65	40	30
Lithuanian	0	0	0	265	130	140
South African	0	0	0	305	175	130
Australian	0	0	0	335	195	140
Palestinian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Chilean	0	0	0	330	190	140
Congolese	0	0	0	140	90	55
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	355	165	195
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	115	40	70
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	15	45
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,155	600	560
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	95	50	45
Berber	0	0	0	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	210	125	85
Maltese	0	0	0	75	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	160	70	90
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	205	115	85
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	30	0	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	485	240	240
Eritrean	0	0	0	640	340	305
African Canadian	0	0	0	140	80	65
Israeli	0	0	0	90	45	50
Mohawk	0	0	0	40	25	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	580	250	330
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Albertan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ghanaian	0	0	0	235	105	130
Barbadian	0	0	0	110	55	50
African American	0	0	0	285	155	130
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	210	85	125
Tunisian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	160	65	90
Cuban	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	240	110	125
Venezuelan	0	0	0	80	35	45
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bengali	0	0	0	450	225	225
Cameroonian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Guatemalan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	110	40	70
Laotian	0	0	0	345	190	155
Ilocano	0	0	0	405	205	200
Northern Irish	0	0	0	120	70	50
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	100	60	40
British Columbian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	45	35	15
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	65	20	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	80	35	45
Fijian	0	0	0	70	30	30
Jatt	0	0	0	110	60	40
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	60	35	25
Coptic	0	0	0	55	35	20
Thai	0	0	0	185	80	105
Dominican	0	0	0	65	30	30
Nepali	0	0	0	285	155	130
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Igbo	0	0	0	595	320	280
Byelorussian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	110	55	55
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	100	65	40
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	130	65	60
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	25	10	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	95	55	40
Sudanese	0	0	0	245	125	125
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	190	90	100
Malaysian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Plains Cree	0	0	0	900	415	485
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	20	15	10
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	1,665	785	880
Buddhist	0	0	0	35	20	20
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	35	15	20
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	115	40	75
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Saulteaux	0	0	0	2,185	1,005	1,180
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	65	75
Burundian	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tigrinya	0	0	0	185	100	85
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mauritian	0	0	0	75	50	30
Kenyan	0	0	0	115	55	65
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	55	45	10
Manitoban	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	135	75	60
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	190	105	90
Chaldean	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mayan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	145	75	75
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	100	45	50
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	10	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	95	45	50
Malay	0	0	0	115	60	55
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	210	100	110
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	100	60	45
Oromo	0	0	0	45	15	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	10
Central African	0	0	0	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	45	30	15
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0
Igorot	0	0	0	170	85	80
Fulani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	65	30	30
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	60	30	35
Roma	0	0	0	45	25	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	30	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	45	25	15
Karen	0	0	0	485	250	235
Edo	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tajik	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	25	25	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	435	245	195	271,810	134,700	137,110
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,815	870	945
Christian	265	125	140	145,570	68,540	77,030
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	0	25	20,950	10,170	10,775
Anabaptist	0	0	0	525	225	300
Anglican	0	0	0	5,940	2,725	3,215
Baptist	20	10	10	3,260	1,515	1,750
Catholic	145	85	65	65,505	31,475	34,030
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	4,165	2,060	2,100
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	1,035	480	555
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	735	380	355
Lutheran	40	15	25	14,235	6,615	7,620
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	405	180	225
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	3,420	1,575	1,850
Presbyterian	0	0	0	1,060	500	560
Reformed	0	0	0	180	100	80
United Church	10	0	0	17,860	7,630	10,230
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	6,300	2,915	3,385
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,500	3,100
Jewish	0	0	0	370	220	155
Muslim	0	0	0	10,460	5,295	5,175
Sikh	0	0	0	4,450	2,310	2,140
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	2,725	1,220	1,505
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	1,820	820	1,000
No religion and secular perspectives	155	105	55	97,990	51,925	46,070
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	440	245	190	268,775	133,125	135,650
Non-movers	395	210	180	231,715	114,880	116,840
Movers	45	35	10	37,055	18,245	18,810
Non-migrants	40	30	10	26,475	12,975	13,500
Migrants	10	0	0	10,585	5,275	5,305
Internal migrants	10	0	0	8,095	4,005	4,090
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,590	2,700	2,890
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,505	1,305	1,195
External migrants	0	0	0	2,485	1,270	1,215
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	410	235	180	255,385	126,450	128,935
Non-movers	255	140	115	152,490	75,740	76,750
Movers	155	85	65	102,895	50,715	52,185
Non-migrants	85	60	35	56,190	27,620	28,570
Migrants	65	35	30	46,700	23,085	23,615
Internal migrants	45	25	20	31,865	15,665	16,195
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	24,005	11,820	12,185
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	20	7,860	3,845	4,015
External migrants	25	10	15	14,835	7,420	7,420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,385
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	55	20	34,335	19,015	15,320
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	285	150	135	184,955	88,890	96,060
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	140	85	144,975	71,815	73,160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	25	0	13,175	8,115	5,060
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	190	115	80	131,800	63,705	68,095
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	360	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	50	20	30,960	16,615	14,345
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	125	55	70	69,720	35,180	34,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	100	70	118,610	56,115	62,490
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	75	45	61,050	30,310	30,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	20	19,305	14,090	5,205
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	7,600	4,225	3,375
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	35	0	11,705	9,870	1,835
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	25	32,530	12,640	19,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	9,220	3,575	5,645
Bachelor's degree or higher	45	25	20	57,560	25,805	31,755
Bachelor's degree	45	25	20	40,725	17,830	22,895
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,910	1,295	1,615
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,435	700	735
Master's degree	0	0	0	10,965	5,060	5,900
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	1,530	915	610
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	135	90	144,975	71,820	73,160
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	11,380	6,770	4,610
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	40	40	41,250	21,630	19,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	75	40	92,340	43,420	48,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	60	20	45,010	22,725	22,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	40	10	14,535	10,740	3,800
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	10	5,585	3,165	2,425
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0	8,945	7,570	1,375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	30	20	10	24,415	9,600	14,815
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	6,060	2,390	3,670
Bachelor's degree or higher	35	15	15	47,330	20,690	26,640
Bachelor's degree	35	15	15	33,160	14,260	18,900
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,325	1,010	1,315
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,225	545	675
Master's degree	0	0	0	9,475	4,215	5,260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	1,145	655	490
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	360	210	155	219,290	107,910	111,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	110	90	100,680	51,795	48,890
Education	15	0	10	9,700	2,515	7,185
13. Education	15	0	10	9,700	2,515	7,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,845	1,265	1,575
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	400	270	130
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,445	995	1,445
Humanities	10	0	10	5,055	2,015	3,040
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	395	105	290
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,210	370	845
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,340	450	890
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	95	30	70
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	420	195	230
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	825	485	335
54. History	0	0	0	665	365	300
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	105	10	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	10,550	3,900	6,650
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	225	50	175
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,230	550	680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,605	110	1,495
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,565	720	840
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	190	85	105
42. Psychology	0	0	0	2,220	605	1,615
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	3,525	1,780	1,745
Business, management and public administration	35	15	25	29,070	10,960	18,110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	2,680	735	1,940
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	15	15	26,365	10,215	16,150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	3,470	1,640	1,830
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,370	590	780
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	770	325	440
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	45	10	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,055	655	400
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	230	65	175
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	5,890	3,885	2,010
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	4,985	3,490	1,500
25. Library science	0	0	0	230	45	185
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	590	305	290
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	80	45	35
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	60	0	24,465	22,235	2,225
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	605	395	210
14. Engineering	0	0	0	5,650	4,535	1,115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	4,800	4,320	485
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	6,450	6,270	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	4,365	4,290	75
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,595	2,430	170
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,645	1,675	975
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	2,140	1,320	820
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	505	355	150
Health and related fields	15	0	15	18,795	3,480	15,315
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	1,355	655	700
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	16,975	2,585	14,395
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	45	15	30
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	420	225	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	15	10	6,115	2,545	3,570
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	10	3,850	790	3,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,390	940	445
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	845	785	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	225	140	90	144,970	71,815	73,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	60	50	52,635	28,400	24,235
Education	0	0	0	6,520	1,615	4,905
13. Education	0	0	0	6,520	1,615	4,905
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,285	1,015	1,265
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	280	195	80
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,005	820	1,185
Humanities	0	0	0	3,730	1,445	2,280
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	280	75	210
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	925	285	640
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,070	370	695
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	70	20	45
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	310	130	190
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	525	315	205
54. History	0	0	0	485	245	235
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	65	0	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	8,615	3,035	5,575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	195	40	155
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,075	505	570
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,345	110	1,240
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,245	520	725
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	150	60	90
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,660	395	1,270
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,535
Business, management and public administration	25	10	20	23,455	8,725	14,735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	2,170	555	1,615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	15	21,255	8,160	13,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,770	1,255	1,515
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,085	425	660
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	600	240	360
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	35	10	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	880	535	345
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	170	50	120
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	4,940	3,240	1,705
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	4,295	2,990	1,305
25. Library science	0	0	0	175	30	140
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	405	180	225
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	70	35	35
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	19,070	17,145	1,925
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	470	270	195
14. Engineering	0	0	0	4,680	3,695	990
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	3,750	3,320	430
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	4,880	4,745	130
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	3,290	3,245	45
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,000	1,870	130
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,000	1,180	820
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	1,585	890	690
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	415	285	135
Health and related fields	10	0	10	14,140	2,740	11,400
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	990	485	505
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	12,765	2,080	10,690
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	30	10	20
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	350	170	180
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	4,815	2,015	2,800
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	10	0	3,000	635	2,365
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,120	735	380
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	685	635	50
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	225	140	90	144,970	71,815	73,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	60	50	52,635	28,400	24,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	115	75	40	92,345	43,415	48,930
Location of study inside Canada	95	60	40	73,285	34,190	39,095
Same as province or territory of residence	80	50	35	60,795	27,940	32,855
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	12,490	6,255	6,235
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	15	15	0	19,055	9,225	9,835
Americas	0	0	0	2,030	1,025	1,005
United States of America	0	0	0	1,535	820	715
Mexico	0	0	0	80	35	50
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	120	45	75
Brazil	0	0	0	105	55	45
Colombia	0	0	0	35	10	25
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	120	50	75
Europe	0	0	0	2,040	1,130	910
Belgium	0	0	0	20	15	0
France	0	0	0	50	25	20
Germany	0	0	0	95	60	35
Netherlands	0	0	0	45	40	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	20	0	10
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	35	15	15
Poland	0	0	0	30	10	15
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	115	60	50
Ukraine	0	0	0	455	210	245
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	115	60	55
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	665	425	245
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	25	25
Italy	0	0	0	30	15	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	280	125	150
Africa	0	0	0	1,725	870	850
Nigeria	0	0	0	930	470	455
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	135	60	75
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	170	90	75
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	475	235	240
Asia	15	15	0	13,040	6,070	6,970
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	180	90	95
Iraq	0	0	0	40	20	20
Israel	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	50	20	25
Turkey	0	0	0	30	15	15
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	1,185	540	645
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	55	15	40
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	190	70	120
Philippines	10	10	0	4,435	1,945	2,495
Viet Nam	0	0	0	345	165	175
Bangladesh	0	0	0	575	265	305
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	20	15
India	0	0	0	4,535	2,245	2,295
Pakistan	0	0	0	995	470	525
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	300	150	145
Oceania	0	0	0	225	125	100
Australia	0	0	0	195	120	70
New Zealand	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	360	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,380
In the labour force	225	125	100	147,325	76,720	70,610
Employed	190	95	90	133,705	69,320	64,385
Unemployed	35	30	10	13,625	7,400	6,225
Not in the labour force	135	85	55	71,960	31,190	40,775
Participation rate	62.5	61.0	62.5	67.2	71.1	63.4
Employment rate	52.8	46.3	56.3	61.0	64.2	57.8
Unemployment rate	15.6	24.0	10.0	9.2	9.6	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	360	210	155	219,290	107,910	111,380
Did not work¹⁸⁶	155	95	50	73,555	32,675	40,880
Worked	210	105	105	145,735	75,235	70,500
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	95	50	40	83,715	45,545	38,170
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	120	55	60	62,020	29,690	32,330
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	38.0	37.2	42.2	42.7	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760
Employee	210	110	100	125,135	63,410	61,725
Permanent position	160	85	75	103,800	53,190	50,610
Temporary position	50	25	25	21,335	10,220	11,120
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	0	6,560	2,770	3,785
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	15	20	14,780	7,445	7,330
Self-employed¹⁹²	0	0	0	18,270	11,230	7,035
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850
All occupations¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	1,750	1,065	685
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	20	25	26,545	8,245	18,300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	10,575	8,050	2,525
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	12,430	2,260	10,165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	10	18,800	6,610	12,190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	3,235	1,385	1,850
6 Sales and service occupations	70	35	35	35,840	16,555	19,290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	24,930	22,970	1,960
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,235	3,935	1,295
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	4,060	3,555	505
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850
All industries¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	4,280	3,025	1,260
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,425	1,205	220
22 Utilities	10	0	0	2,340	1,470	865
23 Construction	20	20	0	10,975	9,575	1,400
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	6,555	5,485	1,065
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	5,365	4,075	1,285
44-45 Retail trade	45	30	15	16,095	8,360	7,740
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	5,985	4,860	1,125
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	3,435	1,930	1,505
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	7,975	3,155	4,820
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	2,335	1,315	1,015
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	8,270	4,570	3,700
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	210	90	115
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	5,055	3,005	2,050
61 Educational services	10	0	10	10,225	3,310	6,915
62 Health care and social assistance	30	10	20	20,585	3,965	16,615
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	2,635	1,365	1,270
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	8,395	3,905	4,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	0	7,035	3,280	3,750
91 Public administration	20	0	15	14,220	6,685	7,540
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345
English	230	120	115	150,680	78,040	72,630
French	0	0	0	435	140	290
Non-official language	0	0	0	615	295	325
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	610	295	320
English and French	0	0	0	1,280	470	815
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,710	1,480	1,230
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345
Single responses	230	120	115	155,120	80,135	74,985
Official languages	230	120	115	154,120	79,595	74,520
English	230	120	115	153,335	79,370	73,965
French	0	0	0	780	225	555
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,000	535	470
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	990	525	465
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	250	125	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	175	85	85
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	135	75	65
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hindi	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	45	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Dari	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	535	300	230
Chinese languages	0	0	0	510	285	220
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	380	215	165
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	115	65	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	10	15
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	715	360	360
English and French	0	0	0	145	60	90
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	560	300	260
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345
None	230	120	115	152,330	78,765	73,565
English	0	0	0	655	280	380
French	0	0	0	810	330	480
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,575	870	700
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	75	30	50
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	1,495	840	655
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	50	30	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	370	195	175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	195	95	90	133,705	69,320	64,385
Worked at home	15	0	10	28,085	12,965	15,115
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	220	170	50
No fixed workplace address	35	15	20	15,390	11,995	3,395
Usual place of work	140	80	70	90,015	44,185	45,825
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	145	80	70	90,015	44,185	45,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	130	75	50	71,750	33,900	37,850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	0	10	15,785	8,770	7,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,970	1,160	815
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	505	355	145
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220
Car, truck or van	150	75	75	95,440	51,955	43,485
Car, truck or van - as a driver	135	75	65	88,700	49,885	38,815
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	6,740	2,075	4,665
Public transit	15	10	10	3,185	1,240	1,945
Walked	0	0	0	4,060	1,685	2,375
Bicycle	0	0	0	570	390	180
Other method	0	0	0	2,140	905	1,240
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220
Less than 15 minutes	85	40	40	41,875	21,015	20,860
15 to 29 minutes	70	35	35	47,460	25,830	21,625
30 to 44 minutes	15	15	0	9,355	5,330	4,025
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	3,640	2,040	1,600
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	3,075	1,965	1,110
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,305	3,870	1,430
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	20	18,095	11,105	6,985
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	25	35	33,845	17,605	16,240
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	10	20,670	9,630	11,035
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	15	0	11,875	5,275	6,605
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	15	15,610	8,680	6,930
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	65	30	30	63,120	32,320	30,800
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	4,420	2,245	2,175
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	58,700	30,075	28,625
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	15	15	45,365	23,355	22,005
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	3,375	1,730	1,640
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	2,305	1,135	1,170
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	1,070	595	475
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	41,990	21,625	20,360

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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