Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	47060259More information: Saskatchewan [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Saskatchewan [Census division] Remove			47060493More information: Saskatchewan [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	419	...	...	276,564	...	...	700	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	262,837	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	214	...	...	122,908	...	...	271	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	190	...	...	111,468	...	...	265	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	235.9	...	...	15.9	...	...	1,564.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.78	...	...	17,363.04	...	...	0.45	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	415	225	190	276,560	136,900	139,660	700	365	335
0 to 14 years	50	25	30	52,715	26,900	25,815	110	80	35
0 to 4 years	25	10	10	16,480	8,325	8,160	35	20	20
5 to 9 years	20	10	5	18,245	9,280	8,965	30	20	10
10 to 14 years	10	5	5	17,990	9,290	8,695	45	35	10
15 to 64 years	295	165	130	179,355	89,915	89,435	455	225	230
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	15,945	8,290	7,655	45	15	30
20 to 24 years	35	15	15	17,150	8,995	8,155	55	35	25
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	17,810	8,905	8,905	50	30	15
30 to 34 years	50	25	25	20,475	10,120	10,360	35	15	25
35 to 39 years	35	20	10	21,250	10,625	10,625	35	20	20
40 to 44 years	35	15	15	19,515	9,835	9,685	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	16,700	8,325	8,380	35	20	20
50 to 54 years	30	20	10	15,535	7,765	7,775	40	15	20
55 to 59 years	25	15	15	17,690	8,610	9,075	45	20	25
60 to 64 years	15	5	5	17,280	8,460	8,825	50	25	25
65 years and over	70	35	40	44,495	20,085	24,410	135	65	70
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	14,895	7,245	7,650	50	20	25
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	11,090	5,280	5,805	25	10	10
75 to 79 years	15	5	5	7,285	3,330	3,950	30	5	25
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	5,195	2,155	3,040	15	10	5
85 years and over	10	5	0	6,030	2,075	3,955	20	10	10
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	3,440	1,245	2,195	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	2,000	695	1,305	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	520	130	390	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	70	10	60	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	11.1	15.8	19.1	19.6	18.5	15.7	21.9	10.4
15 to 64 years	71.1	73.3	68.4	64.9	65.7	64.0	65.0	61.6	68.7
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	21.1	16.1	14.7	17.5	19.3	17.8	20.9
85 years and over	2.4	2.2	0.0	2.2	1.5	2.8	2.9	2.7	3.0
Average age of the population	41.4	41.0	42.0	39.4	38.4	40.3	41.3	38.7	44.1
Median age of the population	39.2	39.2	40.8	38.4	37.6	39.2	41.6	37.2	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	190	...	...	111,465	...	...	265	...	...
Single-detached house	135	...	...	75,640	...	...	210	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	2,965	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	6,350	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	2,260	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	18,875	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	4,390	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	80	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	910	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	190	...	...	111,470	...	...	265	...	...
1 person	70	...	...	32,370	...	...	55	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	38,145	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	16,120	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	15,295	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	9,535	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	415	225	190	271,810	134,695	137,115	700	365	335
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	360	200	165	223,850	110,005	113,840	590	285	300
Married or living common-law	150	75	75	128,720	64,310	64,410	350	180	175
Married	115	55	55	107,865	53,895	53,975	305	155	155
Living common-law	35	15	15	20,850	10,415	10,435	45	20	20
Living common law - Never married	35	15	15	15,730	7,890	7,840	40	25	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	625	340	290	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	4,110	2,035	2,075	5	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	385	155	235	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	215	125	90	95,130	45,695	49,435	235	110	125
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	95	55	65,330	35,680	29,655	180	100	85
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	4,905	2,130	2,775	5	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	13,145	5,375	7,765	25	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	10	15	11,745	2,505	9,240	20	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	110	...	...	75,780	...	...	200	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	38,405	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	15,530	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	14,670	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	7,180	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	75,780	...	...	195	...	...
Total couple families	75	...	...	62,760	...	...	170	...	...
Married couples	55	...	...	52,335	...	...	150	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	27,985	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	24,350	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	10,425	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	4,035	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	6,390	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	13,025	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	9,910	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	3,115	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	420	230	195	271,805	134,695	137,115	700	365	335
Total - Persons in census families	300	155	145	221,105	109,615	111,490	575	300	275
Married spouses or common-law partners	145	75	75	125,515	62,730	62,780	345	175	170
Parents in one-parent families	35	15	20	13,025	3,115	9,905	25	0	20
Children⁶	120	65	55	82,565	43,765	38,800	210	125	80
In a two-parent family	65	30	30	61,205	32,120	29,090	165	95	70
In a one-parent family	55	35	20	21,360	11,650	9,715	40	30	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	120	70	45	50,705	25,085	25,620	120	65	60
Living alone	70	40	30	32,370	14,855	17,515	60	25	30
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	7,020	3,320	3,705	20	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	35	25	5	11,315	6,910	4,410	50	35	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	190	...	...	111,470	...	...	265	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	67,695	...	...	170	...	...
Couple-family households	65	...	...	57,590	...	...	150	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	29,245	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	28,350	...	...	70	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	10,105	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	2,380	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	520	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	3,290	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	5,210	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	70	...	...	32,370	...	...	60	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	365	200	165	219,330	107,930	111,395	590	290	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	190	155	209,870	102,970	106,900	555	270	285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,400	36,800	46,400	51,200	42,400	48,800	51,200	46,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	355	190	155	209,985	103,030	106,950	555	270	285
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	36,400	33,600	41,200	45,200	38,400	44,400	46,000	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	300	165	135	190,910	94,825	96,085	520	250	265
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	25,600	41,600	48,400	35,600	43,200	48,400	40,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	245	135	110	157,390	80,560	76,825	410	210	205
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,800	31,000	43,200	48,800	38,400	43,200	45,600	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	175	150	185,330	89,320	96,010	495	240	255
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,600	9,800	12,100	7,750	5,680	9,200	7,550	5,760	8,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55	30	25	19,400	9,935	9,465	40	15	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,840	5,920	5,760	5,640	6,000	5,480	x	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	55	60	52,195	25,750	26,450	125	65	65
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	12,000	9,800	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	360	205	160	219,290	107,905	111,380	625	315	310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	200	160	209,885	102,915	106,970	560	280	280
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	41,200	44,000	57,300	64,100	50,720	55,600	58,400	52,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	200	160	209,980	102,965	107,015	560	280	280
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,000	39,500	47,680	52,100	43,400	47,200	49,200	45,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	160	145	191,295	94,875	96,425	545	275	270
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,400	31,200	53,100	61,200	45,160	48,200	51,200	45,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	130	115	157,390	80,320	77,065	420	210	205
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	36,000	34,000	52,250	59,000	45,200	48,600	50,400	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	175	145	185,045	89,020	96,025	495	245	250
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,000	14,700	15,400	10,070	8,900	11,160	9,760	9,100	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	75	35	40	19,255	9,905	9,350	35	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,400	5,800	7,060	6,195	7,990	6,400	...	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	65	65	52,365	25,980	26,380	130	70	60
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	13,200	10,400	8,910	8,860	8,950	10,000	9,200	10,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	365	205	155	219,290	107,910	111,385	625	315	310
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	50	45	81,345	44,030	37,315	240	105	130
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	52,800	56,400	67,000	72,000	62,400	60,400	65,000	58,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000	52,000	58,000	76,300	82,900	68,400	66,000	71,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	55	60	58,055	27,470	30,585	130	65	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	17,000	18,200	19,000	21,400	17,200	17,200	13,800	21,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	27,000	19,000	28,960	32,960	25,340	34,000	46,000	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.0	68.0	68.0	84.4	88.0	80.2	85.0	86.0	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.0	56.0	58.0	68.4	71.8	64.2	65.0	66.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.4	32.0	33.0	15.5	12.0	19.8	15.4	13.6	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	2.8	3.4	1.1	0.9	1.4	0.8	x	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	11.2	11.2	11.2	4.5	3.8	5.3	4.7	4.5	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	3.9	3.5	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395	590	285	300
Without total income	15	5	5	9,455	4,960	4,495	40	20	20
With total income	350	195	160	209,870	102,965	106,900	550	270	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	5	10	16,300	7,625	8,675	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	30	15	20,005	8,635	11,365	55	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	35	28,410	12,305	16,105	70	30	40
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	24,900	10,865	14,030	65	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	20	23,635	10,590	13,045	65	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	20	20,720	9,820	10,900	55	20	35
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	16,965	8,615	8,345	55	30	30
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	13,690	7,390	6,295	45	20	20
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	10,860	5,950	4,905	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	8,765	4,740	4,025	25	10	10
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	25,620	16,425	9,200	70	40	30
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	0	18,095	11,020	7,070	45	20	25
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	7,530	5,400	2,130	25	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395	590	285	300
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	9,345	4,905	4,445	40	20	20
With after-tax income	350	195	160	209,980	103,030	106,950	550	270	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	5	10	17,025	7,875	9,150	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	30	15	21,075	9,115	11,960	55	25	30
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	32,575	14,275	18,300	85	40	45
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	30	30,095	13,490	16,605	80	40	40
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	28,375	13,245	15,130	75	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	23,350	11,895	11,455	70	30	40
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10	17,690	9,435	8,255	45	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	13,205	7,060	6,145	40	20	20
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	8,585	4,780	3,805	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5,620	3,335	2,285	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	12,390	8,510	3,875	30	20	15
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	6,780	4,500	2,280	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	5,610	4,015	1,595	20	10	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	360	200	165	219,325	107,930	111,395	590	285	300
Without employment income	120	65	55	61,940	27,370	34,565	175	75	100
With employment income	240	140	105	157,390	80,565	76,830	415	210	200
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	19,355	9,070	10,290	50	25	25
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	15	11,515	5,275	6,245	35	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	30	20	15	16,745	7,700	9,045	40	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	10	13,620	6,500	7,125	30	10	20
$30,000 to $39,999	20	15	10	13,185	6,190	6,995	35	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	13,770	6,505	7,265	35	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	12,975	6,465	6,510	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	11,630	6,195	5,430	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	9,710	5,330	4,375	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	8,320	4,565	3,755	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	6,955	3,765	3,190	25	10	10
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	19,595	13,005	6,590	50	25	20
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	9,635	5,845	3,790	25	10	10
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	9,960	7,160	2,805	25	20	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	365	200	165	219,330	107,930	111,395	590	290	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	185	155	204,895	100,325	104,570	545	270	280
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	39,200	33,600	45,200	51,600	40,400	45,200	48,400	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	185	155	204,975	100,335	104,640	545	270	280
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,600	31,800	40,400	44,800	36,400	40,800	42,800	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	165	135	187,725	93,180	94,545	515	250	260
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	39,600	28,400	42,800	50,400	36,800	41,600	45,600	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	245	135	110	156,150	79,910	76,240	410	215	200
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	34,800	44,000	50,400	38,800	42,800	44,400	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	170	145	174,570	84,245	90,325	460	225	235
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,140	1,420	6,120	2,280	1,140	4,880	1,420	1,080	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	25	15	14,740	7,165	7,570	30	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,360	6,360	x	6,120	5,520	7,000	7,650	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	360	205	160	219,290	107,905	111,380	625	315	310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	190	155	204,975	100,245	104,730	550	270	280
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	40,800	38,500	55,400	63,200	47,880	51,000	53,600	48,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	190	155	205,035	100,255	104,775	550	270	280
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	35,200	35,000	45,760	51,040	40,760	43,000	45,200	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	165	145	188,280	93,295	94,990	535	260	270
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	29,600	53,800	62,700	45,040	46,400	50,000	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	130	125	156,600	80,020	76,575	410	205	205
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,000	29,600	53,300	60,700	45,640	46,600	47,200	46,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	170	145	174,815	84,295	90,520	475	240	240
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,100	10,600	7,000	5,775	8,150	6,840	6,400	7,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	20	15	14,850	7,275	7,575	25	0	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,000	7,750	6,390	9,050	9,000	...	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	365	205	155	219,290	107,910	111,385	625	315	310
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	90	45	45	80,760	43,715	37,050	230	105	125
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	65,500	48,800	63,600	69,500	58,400	59,200	53,600	59,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,000	58,000	46,000	73,000	80,400	64,300	61,600	64,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	45	60	54,070	25,450	28,620	125	60	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	37,200	20,600	25,400	29,200	22,800	20,800	16,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	37,000	21,000	35,920	41,880	30,600	35,000	42,000	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.0	80.0	74.0	89.2	92.4	85.4	88.0	90.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	66.0	68.0	62.0	73.6	76.6	69.6	68.5	68.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)	22.8	19.6	27.0	10.8	7.7	14.7	11.6	10.4	12.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5	1.0	0.7	1.4	0.8	x	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	190	...	...	111,470	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	89,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	77,500	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	70	...	...	32,370	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	47,200	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	41,600	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	120	...	...	79,100	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	96,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	107,900	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	89,800	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	32,355	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	58,250	...	...	54,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,000	...	...	48,440	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	79,115	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	106,700	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	190	...	...	111,470	...	...	265	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,250	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	530	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	900	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	1,675	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	3,865	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,455	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	3,230	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	3,630	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	3,775	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	3,975	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	7,970	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	7,840	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	7,545	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	6,920	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	6,530	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	48,380	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	13,755	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10,345	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	13,135	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	11,140	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	190	...	...	111,470	...	...	265	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,370	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	525	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	945	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	1,745	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	4,195	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,930	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	3,815	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	4,445	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	4,705	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	4,700	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	9,625	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	9,285	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	8,680	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	7,970	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	7,090	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	38,445	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	14,315	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	9,595	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	14,535	...	...	45	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	105	...	...	75,520	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	96,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	28,945	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	89,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	32,165	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	139,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	12,105	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	68,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	63,600	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	100	65	40	43,685	21,765	21,925	105	60	45
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	43,200	44,000	42,800	42,800	42,400	45,200	38,400	54,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	37,200	38,400	38,000	38,000	38,400	39,600	36,000	46,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	75,560	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	128,800	...	...	127,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	106,900	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	28,975	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	122,500	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	100,300	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	32,205	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	154,800	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	127,800	...	...	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	12,080	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	80	60	20	43,635	21,760	21,870	110	65	45
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,000	32,000	52,700	52,700	52,700	40,000	29,000	56,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,000	39,000	32,000	44,280	43,640	44,920	35,000	26,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	415	225	190	271,810	134,700	137,110	700	365	335
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	62,015	31,735	30,280	140	85	55
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	20,045	10,115	9,935	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	285	165	125	168,080	83,730	84,350	420	215	205
65 years and over	70	30	40	41,710	19,225	22,485	140	65	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30	20	15	29,305	14,055	15,250	30	15	10
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	8,770	4,485	4,280	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	3,100	1,500	1,605	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	20	10	5	15,855	7,810	8,040	20	15	10
65 years and over	10	5	10	4,680	1,755	2,930	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	8.0	7.0	10.8	10.4	11.1	4.4	5.0	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	14.1	14.1	14.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.5	14.8	16.1	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	7.0	5.0	9.4	9.3	9.5	5.6	7.0	4.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0	11.2	9.1	13.0	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	420	230	195	267,800	132,680	135,120	700	365	335
0 to 17 years	60	30	35	60,495	30,980	29,515	140	85	55
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	19,620	9,930	9,695	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	285	160	120	165,955	82,630	83,325	425	215	210
65 years and over	70	35	35	41,350	19,075	22,280	135	60	75
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	15	5	10,990	5,950	5,045	20	15	10
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,570	1,335	1,240	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	855	430	425	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	20	15	0	7,855	4,345	3,510	20	10	5
65 years and over	0	0	0	570	270	295	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	7.0	x	4.1	4.5	3.7	3.2	4.0	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.3	4.3	4.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.4	4.4	4.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	4.7	5.3	4.2	4.8	6.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.4	1.4	1.3	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	415	225	190	271,810	134,695	137,115	700	365	335
In bottom half of the distribution	250	135	115	128,190	62,365	65,830	280	155	120
In bottom decile	40	25	10	26,460	13,310	13,150	35	20	15
In second decile	55	25	30	25,580	11,835	13,750	30	20	10
In third decile	55	30	25	25,265	12,270	12,995	55	35	15
In fourth decile	50	25	20	25,225	12,275	12,950	80	45	40
In fifth decile	60	30	30	25,665	12,675	12,985	80	40	40
In top half of the distribution	165	90	80	143,620	72,335	71,285	420	210	210
In sixth decile	55	30	25	26,985	13,365	13,615	100	50	50
In seventh decile	45	25	25	28,390	14,245	14,140	80	40	40
In eighth decile	45	25	15	29,835	14,980	14,850	70	35	30
In ninth decile	5	5	0	30,690	15,505	15,185	105	55	50
In top decile	10	10	5	27,720	14,235	13,485	70	35	35
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	420	...	...	271,805	...	...	700	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.257	...	...	0.329	...	...	0.281	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.414	...	...	0.429	...	...	0.359	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.225	...	...	0.290	...	...	0.248	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.5	...	...	3.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780	700	365	335
English only	390	215	180	254,735	127,005	127,730	630	335	295
French only	0	0	0	180	80	100	0	0	5
English and French	10	5	10	15,100	6,795	8,305	55	30	30
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	2,980	1,340	1,640	5	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780	700	365	335
English	405	220	185	266,955	132,395	134,560	680	360	320
French	0	0	0	2,585	1,250	1,335	15	5	10
English and French	0	0	0	615	315	300	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	2,845	1,265	1,580	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780	700	365	335
Single responses	395	215	180	264,075	130,815	133,260	670	350	320
Official languages	305	165	145	220,605	109,085	111,520	525	275	250
English	305	160	140	218,010	107,835	110,175	515	270	245
French	0	0	0	2,595	1,255	1,345	10	5	5
Non-official languages	85	50	35	43,475	21,730	21,740	145	75	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	495	205	290	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	55	80	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	50	35	42,975	21,530	21,450	140	75	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,045	1,525	1,525	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	585	280	305	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	425	205	225	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,445	1,240	1,205	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,765	895	870	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	465	245	225	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	1,625	780	845	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	1,590	760	825	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	7,570	3,595	3,980	50	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	95	110	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	430	205	230	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	95	40	55	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	440	205	235	5	0	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	5	6,090	2,900	3,190	25	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,120	615	505	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	630	340	295	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	205	115	95	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	240	150	95	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	21,620	11,125	10,495	60	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	180	95	85	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	3,050	1,405	1,650	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	3,000	1,380	1,625	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	400	180	220	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	885	415	465	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	1,225	545	680	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	2,555	1,215	1,335	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5	1,975	930	1,050	5	5	5
German	5	5	5	1,960	925	1,040	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	490	245	240	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	185	105	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	225	110	120	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	470	240	230	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	13,305	7,150	6,155	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	12,460	6,705	5,755	35	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	1,370	720	650	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	2,650	1,495	1,155	15	5	5
Hindi	5	5	0	1,180	660	515	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	360	180	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	4,085	2,195	1,890	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	2,515	1,285	1,235	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	845	440	400	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	175	100	70	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	600	300	300	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	215	105	105	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	340	170	170	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	2,030	1,005	1,025	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	1,320	660	660	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	550	240	315	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	1,165	595	570	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	150	80	75	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	345	170	170	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	40	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	5,235	2,570	2,665	0	0	5
Chinese languages	5	5	0	4,695	2,290	2,400	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	3,230	1,595	1,640	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,265	605	655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	5	525	265	260	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	10	5	420	215	205	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	10	10	5	350	180	165	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	180	75	105	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	345	160	180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	8,920	4,405	4,515	35	20	15
English and French	0	0	0	855	435	420	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	7,005	3,470	3,540	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	145	75	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	790	370	415	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780	700	365	335
English	330	175	155	221,875	109,690	112,185	520	275	245
French	0	0	0	670	325	340	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	15	11,810	5,880	5,930	35	20	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	30	5	20	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	11,780	5,870	5,910	35	20	15
English and French	5	0	5	2,240	1,040	1,200	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	33,880	17,030	16,855	105	50	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	965	475	495	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,435	730	705	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	420	230	195	273,000	135,220	137,780	700	365	335
Single responses	395	215	180	263,665	130,495	133,170	665	345	320
Official languages	350	190	165	236,510	116,775	119,730	565	300	270
English	350	190	165	235,505	116,295	119,215	565	295	270
French	0	0	0	1,005	480	520	5	5	0
Non-official languages	40	25	20	27,155	13,720	13,435	100	50	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	110	45	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	35	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	25	20	27,050	13,675	13,370	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,100	1,015	1,080	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	420	195	220	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	290	135	155	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,685	820	865	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	70	30	45	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,230	595	630	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	355	180	175	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	1,285	635	655	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	1,275	630	645	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	4,830	2,340	2,490	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	235	115	120	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	4,095	1,980	2,115	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	750	395	355	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	455	245	220	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	12,775	6,675	6,095	40	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,230	610	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,210	595	615	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	570	280	290	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	340	175	170	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	470	225	245	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	100	55	55	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	9,870	5,260	4,610	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	9,320	4,980	4,330	25	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	970	505	465	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,995	1,105	890	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	850	485	365	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	270	135	135	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	3,330	1,795	1,540	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	1,750	880	870	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	555	275	275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	860	420	440	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	650	320	330	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	420	195	225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	480	235	240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	3,925	1,940	1,990	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	3,515	1,730	1,785	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	2,595	1,295	1,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	815	390	425	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	5	405	210	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	10	5	335	170	160	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	10	10	5	280	140	135	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	9,335	4,730	4,610	35	20	15
English and French	0	0	0	355	175	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	8,650	4,395	4,255	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	85	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	190	85	100	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	415	225	195	273,000	135,220	137,775	700	365	335
None	390	210	175	241,530	119,505	122,030	565	300	265
English	10	0	5	11,430	5,765	5,660	35	20	15
French	5	0	5	1,920	895	1,025	15	5	10
Non-official language	20	10	10	12,975	6,405	6,575	50	25	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	640	270	370	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	12,335	6,130	6,205	45	25	25
English and French	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,780	1,465	1,315	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	415	185	230	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,775	910	865	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	435	245	190	271,810	134,695	137,110	755	415	340
Official languages	435	245	190	268,840	133,380	135,460	740	415	330
English	435	245	190	268,710	133,310	135,395	730	410	320
French	15	0	15	15,120	7,020	8,095	90	50	40
Non-official languages	85	45	30	59,050	29,465	29,585	240	125	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	1,685	815	865	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,210	590	630	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	1,020	485	535	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	1,020	485	535	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	430	195	240	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	545	275	270	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	405	195	205	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	110	65	50	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	45	30	57,410	28,660	28,750	235	120	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	4,415	2,240	2,175	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	85	30	60	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	30	60	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	850	415	430	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	135	75	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	615	300	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,675	1,890	1,785	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	355	175	180	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,690	1,410	1,280	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	295	170	125	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	670	335	330	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,030	1,115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,065	980	1,085	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	10,370	4,955	5,415	60	20	45
Bikol	0	0	0	120	50	75	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	135	135	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	650	300	350	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	60	45	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	175	95	90	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	10,050	4,780	5,270	55	20	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	100	60	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	185	165	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	365	185	185	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	80	35	40	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	50	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,665	865	805	25	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	80	35	40	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	920	470	450	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	440	255	185	15	15	0
Telugu	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	28,730	14,680	14,050	130	85	45
Albanian	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,100	20	15	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,940	1,865	2,075	20	15	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	430	200	235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	1,700	820	880	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	635	325	310	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	170	85	80	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	310	170	135	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	275	140	140	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,845	845	1,005	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	2,950	1,495	1,455	20	0	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	2,125	1,050	1,080	20	0	20
German	10	0	0	2,100	1,040	1,060	20	0	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	665	380	280	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	190	85	115	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	810	425	385	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	17,495	9,240	8,255	65	50	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	16,600	8,745	7,860	65	45	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	1,835	930	910	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,350	1,865	1,485	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	7,755	4,125	3,630	55	40	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	390	205	185	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	6,085	3,235	2,845	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	25	15	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	3,975	2,050	1,920	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	210	120	90	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,095	600	495	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	275	150	125	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	775	430	340	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	355	185	170	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	420	240	180	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,930	1,870	2,060	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	615	260	355	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	350	175	175	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	120	105	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,895	1,380	1,515	20	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	415	180	235	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	665	315	345	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	3,150	1,610	1,540	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	195	85	105	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	75	55	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	285	245	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	160	80	75	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	475	240	235	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,295	655	645	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	185	85	100	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	65	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	6,215	3,060	3,150	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	5,475	2,730	2,745	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,235	2,110	2,125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,645	810	835	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	685	305	380	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	30	25	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	525	235	290	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	455	210	250	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	95	30	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	335	160	180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	325	155	175	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	45	25	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110	755	415	340
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	75	45	30	30,960	14,825	16,135	30	20	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	75	45	30	30,240	14,485	15,755	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	15	20	19,680	9,320	10,360	20	15	10
Métis	40	30	10	10,425	5,125	5,300	10	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	140	45	95	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	405	180	225	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	315	160	150	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	365	200	165	240,845	119,870	120,980	725	390	330
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110	755	415	340
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	20	0	18,225	8,635	9,590	20	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	410	230	190	253,580	126,060	127,520	735	405	330
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	77,480	...	...	215	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	32,925	...	...	60	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	14,640	...	...	30	...	...
Not condominium	175	...	...	96,825	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	530	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	11,660	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	55	...	...	27,095	...	...	55	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	38,300	...	...	80	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	60	...	...	33,875	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	29,700	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	17,140	...	...	25	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	15,890	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	14,670	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	34,070	...	...	125	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
One person or fewer per room	170	...	...	108,250	...	...	260	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	3,220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	105,375	...	...	255	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	6,095	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
1960 or before	50	...	...	22,220	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	36,890	...	...	225	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	14,205	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	7,810	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	5,000	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	6,765	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	10,825	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	7,750	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	170	...	...	103,065	...	...	275	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	8,405	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
One-maintainer household	85	...	...	55,815	...	...	115	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	51,205	...	...	160	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	4,450	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	180	...	...	111,465	...	...	280	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	4,160	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	17,715	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	22,455	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	18,555	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	15	...	...	20,890	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	15,810	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	8,260	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	3,625	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	180	...	...	108,290	...	...	280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	88,520	...	...	255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	19,770	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	18,050	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	180	...	...	111,470	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	31,260	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	17,345	...	...	20	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	4,750	...	...	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	6,250	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	760	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,580	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	490	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	125	...	...	80,210	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	180	...	...	106,565	...	...	280	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	10,575	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	160	...	...	95,990	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	76,020	...	...	215	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4	...	...	61.9	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.4	...	...	11.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	4.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,190	...	...	1,340	...	...	1,590	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,448	...	...	1,420	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	344,000	...	...	352,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	369,200	...	...	372,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	32,765	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	15.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.0	...	...	35.1	...	...	23.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	23.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,130	...	...	990	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,200	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	5.7	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	250	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	282	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	440	245	195	271,810	134,695	137,115	755	410	340
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	20	0	17,730	8,380	9,350	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	20	0	17,095	8,090	9,005	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	20	0	14,610	6,905	7,705	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	2,430	1,180	1,255	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	635	285	345	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	620	270	345	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	15	25	14,075	6,845	7,235	25	15	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	15	25	13,325	6,510	6,820	25	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	25	7,405	3,600	3,810	20	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	5,825	2,870	2,955	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	95	35	55	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	755	335	420	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	695	315	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	375	205	165	240,000	119,470	120,530	715	385	330
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	435	245	190	271,805	134,695	137,110	755	415	340
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	385	215	170	243,075	120,095	122,975	645	355	290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70	40	30	56,720	28,925	27,795	150	110	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	310	170	140	186,350	91,175	95,180	500	245	250
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	55	30	25	28,735	14,595	14,135	105	55	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	435	245	190	271,805	134,695	137,110	755	415	340
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	370	210	160	218,365	107,745	110,620	530	305	225
Immigrants⁸¹	65	35	35	47,185	23,440	23,740	190	75	115
Before 1980	15	0	10	4,290	2,100	2,185	10	0	10
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	1,965	1,000	965	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,940	1,365	1,570	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	9,655	4,695	4,960	65	30	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	25	25	28,335	14,275	14,060	105	45	60
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	13,125	6,730	6,395	65	40	30
2016 to 2021	45	20	25	15,210	7,545	7,665	40	10	35
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	6,265	3,510	2,755	35	35	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	65	30	35	47,185	23,445	23,745	190	75	120
Under 5 years	0	0	0	4,575	2,420	2,150	20	10	15
5 to 14 years	20	0	15	8,600	4,605	4,000	40	15	25
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	7,545	3,395	4,150	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	30	20	10	22,565	10,995	11,565	95	40	60
45 years and over	0	0	0	3,900	2,025	1,875	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	65	30	35	47,185	23,445	23,745	190	75	120
Americas	0	0	0	3,560	1,685	1,875	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	110	55	50	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	675	315	355	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	555	300	255	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	10	6,580	3,300	3,280	35	15	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	205	105	105	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	220	125	100	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	560	265	290	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	275	165	110	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	305	140	165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	260	170	90	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	255	105	145	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	210	95	115	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	925	420	500	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	1,850	930	920	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	935	505	430	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	6,400	3,330	3,070	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	230	115	110	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	345	175	170	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	425	220	205	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	325	130	195	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,255	1,175	1,075	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	2,045	1,105	940	0	0	0
Asia	50	25	25	30,450	15,050	15,400	135	50	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	255	160	100	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	190	95	90	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	55	15	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	640	290	355	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	2,950	1,385	1,565	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	420	190	225	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Philippines	30	15	15	10,135	4,855	5,280	80	30	50
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,425	645	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,255	670	585	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	7,535	3,915	3,620	20	0	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,660	1,340	1,315	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	65	45	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,190	1,090	1,105	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	25	20	15,215	7,545	7,665	40	0	35
Americas	0	0	0	835	410	420	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	240	135	110	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	280	115	170	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	110	60	45	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	845	490	360	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	180	80	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	195	130	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	300	195	110	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	2,785	1,445	1,345	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	45	30	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	215	105	110	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,415	765	655	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	470	230	235	0	0	0
Asia	45	25	20	10,710	5,190	5,520	30	0	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	490	245	250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	1,215	605	610	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	3,990	1,985	2,005	15	0	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	20	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	90	30	55	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	40	30	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	790	400	395	0	0	0
Philippines	35	15	15	2,440	1,145	1,295	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	555	260	300	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	320	130	190	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	220	110	110	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110	755	415	340
First generation¹⁰⁰	70	30	35	54,775	27,520	27,255	225	110	115
Second generation¹⁰¹	75	45	30	33,430	16,145	17,285	125	75	45
Third generation or more¹⁰²	290	170	125	183,600	91,035	92,570	405	225	175
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	50	25	25	42,890	21,340	21,555	185	80	110
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	20	25	29,735	15,300	14,435	145	70	80
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	12,165	7,715	4,445	65	40	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	10	25	17,570	7,585	9,980	85	25	55
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	7,745	3,230	4,510	35	0	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	5,340	2,765	2,570	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	50	25	25	42,890	21,340	21,555	185	80	110
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	555	315	235	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	5,245	2,845	2,400	15	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	1,330	700	625	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	3,655	2,170	1,480	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	205	90	115	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	25	10	20	31,910	15,215	16,695	160	65	100
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	435	245	190	271,810	134,700	137,110	755	415	340
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	75	45	30	58,680	29,640	29,035	235	120	110
South Asian	10	10	0	19,545	10,225	9,320	60	35	25
Chinese	15	10	0	6,055	3,080	2,985	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	10,000	5,140	4,860	0	0	0
Filipino	45	25	25	12,405	5,935	6,470	90	40	55
Arab	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	970	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	1,430	690	735	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	3,580	1,750	1,830	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	935	500	430	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	635	290	350	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	285	125	155	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	445	195	245	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	1,355	670	685	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	360	200	165	213,130	105,050	108,075	520	290	230
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	435	245	190	271,810	134,695	137,110	750	415	340
Canadian	55	20	35	24,290	12,290	12,000	35	20	10
English	30	10	20	52,865	25,785	27,080	140	65	70
Irish	40	25	15	36,705	17,480	19,225	70	40	30
Scottish	65	25	45	43,455	21,300	22,155	110	45	60
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	20	10	23,300	11,320	11,980	65	40	25
German	110	55	55	71,780	35,405	36,380	215	120	95
Chinese	40	20	20	6,635	3,300	3,335	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	3,525	1,720	1,800	15	15	0
Indian (India)	10	10	0	9,600	5,090	4,510	20	15	0
Ukrainian	65	35	35	32,055	15,485	16,570	70	35	35
Dutch	0	0	0	5,885	2,885	3,005	15	10	0
Polish	30	20	10	14,070	6,800	7,270	35	20	15
Québécois	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	6,150	3,070	3,080	10	0	0
Filipino	30	20	0	11,225	5,390	5,835	95	40	55
French Canadian	0	0	0	1,255	650	605	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	3,445	1,840	1,605	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	20	0	10,430	4,975	5,460	15	0	0
Métis	10	10	0	9,595	4,650	4,945	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	20	0	2,835	1,485	1,350	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	7,770	3,770	3,995	10	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	12,460	6,025	6,435	20	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0	4,520	2,165	2,360	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	460	235	220	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	2,855	1,470	1,385	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	1,700	745	950	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,520	3,095	3,425	25	25	0
Hungarian	25	20	10	10,180	5,025	5,160	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	2,940	1,500	1,445	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	1,745	920	825	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	775	410	365	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,970	1,030	940	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,100	1,030	1,070	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	1,005	530	475	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,420	755	660	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,025	475	555	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,085	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	15	6,285	2,945	3,335	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	655	305	345	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5,665	2,740	2,925	35	20	20
Lebanese	0	0	0	320	160	160	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	415	235	180	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	635	335	300	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,625	1,225	1,400	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	2,295	1,065	1,230	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	1,195	655	540	0	0	0
Austrian	10	0	10	7,490	3,710	3,780	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	2,110	1,095	1,015	10	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0	55	35	20	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	1,330	690	640	35	25	10
Mexican	0	0	0	605	315	290	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	880	430	445	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	1,040	510	530	15	15	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,035	505	525	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	100	60	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	690	350	340	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	425	190	235	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	425	210	215	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,430	735	695	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	630	340	290	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	185	80	100	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	120	65	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,595	680	910	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	165	80	80	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	45	30	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,290	625	670	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	485	200	285	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	130	45	80	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	460	240	225	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	560	275	285	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	525	225	300	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	125	55	75	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	170	100	70	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	150	85	60	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	210	80	135	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	1,270	670	600	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	1,450	780	670	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	430	255	170	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	520	245	275	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	665	290	375	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	65	50	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	175	90	85	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	165	95	70	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	125	70	60	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	265	130	140	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	305	175	130	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	335	195	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	330	190	140	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	140	90	55	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	355	165	195	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	15	45	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,155	600	560	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	210	125	85	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	485	240	240	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	640	340	305	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	580	250	330	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	25	35	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	235	105	130	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	110	55	50	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	285	155	130	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	210	85	125	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	160	65	90	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	240	110	125	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	450	225	225	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	405	205	200	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	120	70	50	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	100	60	40	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	45	35	15	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	65	20	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	70	30	30	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	110	60	40	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	55	35	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	65	30	30	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	285	155	130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	595	320	280	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	100	65	40	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	245	125	125	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	900	415	485	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	1,665	785	880	20	15	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	115	40	75	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	2,185	1,005	1,180	10	10	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	65	75	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	75	50	30	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	135	75	60	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	145	75	75	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	45	30	15	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	170	85	80	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	65	30	30	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	45	30	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	45	25	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	25	25	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	435	245	195	271,810	134,700	137,110	755	415	340
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Christian	265	125	140	145,570	68,540	77,030	475	235	240
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	0	25	20,950	10,170	10,775	60	25	30
Anabaptist	0	0	0	525	225	300	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	5,940	2,725	3,215	15	10	10
Baptist	20	10	10	3,260	1,515	1,750	25	10	10
Catholic	145	85	65	65,505	31,475	34,030	215	110	105
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	4,165	2,060	2,100	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	735	380	355	0	0	0
Lutheran	40	15	25	14,235	6,615	7,620	30	20	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	3,420	1,575	1,850	10	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	1,060	500	560	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
United Church	10	0	0	17,860	7,630	10,230	40	15	30
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	6,300	2,915	3,385	35	15	20
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,500	3,100	55	40	20
Jewish	0	0	0	370	220	155	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10,460	5,295	5,175	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	4,450	2,310	2,140	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	2,725	1,220	1,505	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	1,820	820	1,000	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	155	105	55	97,990	51,925	46,070	215	140	80
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	440	245	190	268,775	133,125	135,650	740	400	335
Non-movers	395	210	180	231,715	114,880	116,840	620	325	285
Movers	45	35	10	37,055	18,245	18,810	120	75	50
Non-migrants	40	30	10	26,475	12,975	13,500	85	45	45
Migrants	10	0	0	10,585	5,275	5,305	35	35	0
Internal migrants	10	0	0	8,095	4,005	4,090	25	25	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,590	2,700	2,890	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,505	1,305	1,195	15	15	0
External migrants	0	0	0	2,485	1,270	1,215	10	10	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	410	235	180	255,385	126,450	128,935	705	380	320
Non-movers	255	140	115	152,490	75,740	76,750	490	260	230
Movers	155	85	65	102,895	50,715	52,185	215	120	95
Non-migrants	85	60	35	56,190	27,620	28,570	125	70	55
Migrants	65	35	30	46,700	23,085	23,615	90	50	40
Internal migrants	45	25	20	31,865	15,665	16,195	25	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	24,005	11,820	12,185	15	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	20	7,860	3,845	4,015	10	0	0
External migrants	25	10	15	14,835	7,420	7,420	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,385	625	315	310
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	55	20	34,335	19,015	15,320	65	25	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	285	150	135	184,955	88,890	96,060	565	290	270
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	140	85	144,975	71,815	73,160	370	180	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	25	0	13,175	8,115	5,060	10	10	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	190	115	80	131,800	63,705	68,095	360	170	185
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	360	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,380	630	315	315
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	50	20	30,960	16,615	14,345	60	20	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	125	55	70	69,720	35,180	34,540	185	115	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	100	70	118,610	56,115	62,490	385	180	200
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	75	45	61,050	30,310	30,735	165	90	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	20	19,305	14,090	5,205	40	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	7,600	4,225	3,375	10	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	35	0	11,705	9,870	1,835	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	25	32,530	12,640	19,885	90	40	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	9,220	3,575	5,645	35	20	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	45	25	20	57,560	25,805	31,755	220	95	125
Bachelor's degree	45	25	20	40,725	17,830	22,895	135	55	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,910	1,295	1,615	25	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,435	700	735	0	0	0
Master's degree	0	0	0	10,965	5,060	5,900	45	30	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	1,530	915	610	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	225	135	90	144,975	71,820	73,160	365	180	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	11,380	6,770	4,610	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	40	40	41,250	21,630	19,620	90	55	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	75	40	92,340	43,420	48,925	275	120	150
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	60	20	45,010	22,725	22,285	120	55	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	40	10	14,535	10,740	3,800	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	10	5,585	3,165	2,425	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0	8,945	7,570	1,375	20	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	30	20	10	24,415	9,600	14,815	60	25	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	6,060	2,390	3,670	30	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	35	15	15	47,330	20,690	26,640	155	65	90
Bachelor's degree	35	15	15	33,160	14,260	18,900	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,325	1,010	1,315	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,225	545	675	0	0	0
Master's degree	0	0	0	9,475	4,215	5,260	35	25	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	1,145	655	490	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	360	210	155	219,290	107,910	111,380	630	315	315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	110	90	100,680	51,795	48,890	245	140	105
Education	15	0	10	9,700	2,515	7,185	55	20	35
13. Education	15	0	10	9,700	2,515	7,185	55	20	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,845	1,265	1,575	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	400	270	130	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,445	995	1,445	15	0	15
Humanities	10	0	10	5,055	2,015	3,040	35	10	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	395	105	290	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,210	370	845	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,340	450	890	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	95	30	70	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	420	195	230	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	825	485	335	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	665	365	300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	105	10	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	10,550	3,900	6,650	40	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	225	50	175	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,230	550	680	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,605	110	1,495	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,565	720	840	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	2,220	605	1,615	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	3,525	1,780	1,745	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	35	15	25	29,070	10,960	18,110	60	15	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	2,680	735	1,940	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	15	15	26,365	10,215	16,150	50	10	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	3,470	1,640	1,830	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,370	590	780	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	770	325	440	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,055	655	400	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	230	65	175	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	5,890	3,885	2,010	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	4,985	3,490	1,500	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	230	45	185	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	590	305	290	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	60	0	24,465	22,235	2,225	90	85	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	605	395	210	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	5,650	4,535	1,115	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	4,800	4,320	485	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	6,450	6,270	175	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	4,365	4,290	75	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,595	2,430	170	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,645	1,675	975	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	2,140	1,320	820	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	505	355	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15	0	15	18,795	3,480	15,315	40	10	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	1,355	655	700	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	16,975	2,585	14,395	40	10	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	420	225	200	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	15	10	6,115	2,545	3,570	15	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	10	3,850	790	3,060	15	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,390	940	445	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	845	785	60	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	225	140	90	144,970	71,815	73,155	365	185	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	60	50	52,635	28,400	24,235	95	60	35
Education	0	0	0	6,520	1,615	4,905	40	15	30
13. Education	0	0	0	6,520	1,615	4,905	40	15	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,285	1,015	1,265	20	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	280	195	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,005	820	1,185	20	0	20
Humanities	0	0	0	3,730	1,445	2,280	20	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	280	75	210	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	925	285	640	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,070	370	695	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	70	20	45	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	310	130	190	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	525	315	205	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	485	245	235	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	65	0	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	8,615	3,035	5,575	35	15	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	195	40	155	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,075	505	570	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,345	110	1,240	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,245	520	725	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,660	395	1,270	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,535	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	25	10	20	23,455	8,725	14,735	55	15	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	2,170	555	1,615	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	15	21,255	8,160	13,095	55	15	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,770	1,255	1,515	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,085	425	660	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	600	240	360	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	880	535	345	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	170	50	120	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	4,940	3,240	1,705	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	4,295	2,990	1,305	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	175	30	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	405	180	225	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	19,070	17,145	1,925	60	55	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	470	270	195	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	4,680	3,695	990	25	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	3,750	3,320	430	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	4,880	4,745	130	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	3,290	3,245	45	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,000	1,870	130	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,000	1,180	820	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	1,585	890	690	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	415	285	135	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	14,140	2,740	11,400	20	10	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	990	485	505	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	12,765	2,080	10,690	20	10	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	350	170	180	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	4,815	2,015	2,800	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	10	0	3,000	635	2,365	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,120	735	380	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	685	635	50	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	225	140	90	144,970	71,815	73,155	365	185	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	60	50	52,635	28,400	24,235	95	60	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	115	75	40	92,345	43,415	48,930	270	120	155
Location of study inside Canada	95	60	40	73,285	34,190	39,095	185	85	100
Same as province or territory of residence	80	50	35	60,795	27,940	32,855	145	75	75
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	12,490	6,255	6,235	40	10	30
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	15	15	0	19,055	9,225	9,835	90	35	50
Americas	0	0	0	2,030	1,025	1,005	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	1,535	820	715	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	120	45	75	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	120	50	75	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	2,040	1,130	910	20	10	10
Belgium	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	95	60	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	455	210	245	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	665	425	245	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	30	15	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	280	125	150	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	1,725	870	850	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	930	470	455	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	170	90	75	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	475	235	240	0	0	0
Asia	15	15	0	13,040	6,070	6,970	60	15	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	180	90	95	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	1,185	540	645	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	190	70	120	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	4,435	1,945	2,495	30	10	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	345	165	175	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	575	265	305	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	4,535	2,245	2,295	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	995	470	525	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	300	150	145	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	225	125	100	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	195	120	70	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	360	205	160	219,290	107,910	111,380	630	315	315
In the labour force	225	125	100	147,325	76,720	70,610	390	210	185
Employed	190	95	90	133,705	69,320	64,385	370	200	175
Unemployed	35	30	10	13,625	7,400	6,225	20	15	10
Not in the labour force	135	85	55	71,960	31,190	40,775	240	105	130
Participation rate	62.5	61.0	62.5	67.2	71.1	63.4	61.9	66.7	58.7
Employment rate	52.8	46.3	56.3	61.0	64.2	57.8	58.7	63.5	55.6
Unemployment rate	15.6	24.0	10.0	9.2	9.6	8.8	5.1	7.1	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	360	210	155	219,290	107,910	111,380	630	315	315
Did not work¹⁸⁶	155	95	50	73,555	32,675	40,880	240	130	110
Worked	210	105	105	145,735	75,235	70,500	390	185	205
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	95	50	40	83,715	45,545	38,170	240	115	130
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	120	55	60	62,020	29,690	32,330	140	70	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	38.0	37.2	42.2	42.7	41.7	41.6	41.6	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610	390	210	180
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760	390	210	180
Employee	210	110	100	125,135	63,410	61,725	340	175	165
Permanent position	160	85	75	103,800	53,190	50,610	265	130	135
Temporary position	50	25	25	21,335	10,220	11,120	75	40	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	10	0	6,560	2,770	3,785	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	15	20	14,780	7,445	7,330	70	40	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	0	0	0	18,270	11,230	7,035	55	40	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610	390	210	180
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760	390	210	180
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	1,750	1,065	685	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	20	25	26,545	8,245	18,300	75	20	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	10,575	8,050	2,525	25	25	0
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	12,430	2,260	10,165	45	25	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	10	18,800	6,610	12,190	65	25	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	3,235	1,385	1,850	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	70	35	35	35,840	16,555	19,290	110	55	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	24,930	22,970	1,960	45	40	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,235	3,935	1,295	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	4,060	3,555	505	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	225	120	105	147,325	76,720	70,610	390	210	180
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	0	3,930	2,080	1,850	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	215	115	100	143,400	74,640	68,760	390	210	180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	4,280	3,025	1,260	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,425	1,205	220	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	2,340	1,470	865	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	20	0	10,975	9,575	1,400	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	6,555	5,485	1,065	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	5,365	4,075	1,285	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	45	30	15	16,095	8,360	7,740	65	35	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	5,985	4,860	1,125	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	3,435	1,930	1,505	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	7,975	3,155	4,820	40	15	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	2,335	1,315	1,015	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	8,270	4,570	3,700	25	10	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	210	90	115	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	5,055	3,005	2,050	0	0	0
61 Educational services	10	0	10	10,225	3,310	6,915	50	20	30
62 Health care and social assistance	30	10	20	20,585	3,965	16,615	65	25	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	2,635	1,365	1,270	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	8,395	3,905	4,490	20	20	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	0	7,035	3,280	3,750	10	10	0
91 Public administration	20	0	15	14,220	6,685	7,540	30	15	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345	435	225	205
English	230	120	115	150,680	78,040	72,630	425	225	200
French	0	0	0	435	140	290	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	615	295	325	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,280	470	815	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,710	1,480	1,230	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345	435	225	205
Single responses	230	120	115	155,120	80,135	74,985	430	225	200
Official languages	230	120	115	154,120	79,595	74,520	430	225	200
English	230	120	115	153,335	79,370	73,965	425	225	200
French	0	0	0	780	225	555	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	990	525	465	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	250	125	125	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	535	300	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	510	285	220	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	145	60	90	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	560	300	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	230	120	115	155,835	80,495	75,345	435	225	205
None	230	120	115	152,330	78,765	73,565	435	225	205
English	0	0	0	655	280	380	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	810	330	480	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,575	870	700	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	1,495	840	655	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	370	195	175	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	195	95	90	133,705	69,320	64,385	370	195	175
Worked at home	15	0	10	28,085	12,965	15,115	100	50	50
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	220	170	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	15	20	15,390	11,995	3,395	30	30	0
Usual place of work	140	80	70	90,015	44,185	45,825	235	115	120
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	145	80	70	90,015	44,185	45,825	240	115	120
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	130	75	50	71,750	33,900	37,850	235	105	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	0	10	15,785	8,770	7,015	10	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,970	1,160	815	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	505	355	145	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220	270	145	125
Car, truck or van	150	75	75	95,440	51,955	43,485	255	140	110
Car, truck or van - as a driver	135	75	65	88,700	49,885	38,815	215	130	85
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	6,740	2,075	4,665	40	15	25
Public transit	15	10	10	3,185	1,240	1,945	0	0	0
Walked	0	0	0	4,060	1,685	2,375	20	0	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	570	390	180	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	2,140	905	1,240	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220	270	145	125
Less than 15 minutes	85	40	40	41,875	21,015	20,860	120	50	75
15 to 29 minutes	70	35	35	47,460	25,830	21,625	135	80	50
30 to 44 minutes	15	15	0	9,355	5,330	4,025	0	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	3,640	2,040	1,600	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	3,075	1,965	1,110	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	90	85	105,400	56,180	49,220	270	145	125
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,305	3,870	1,430	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	20	18,095	11,105	6,985	30	15	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	25	35	33,845	17,605	16,240	90	45	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	10	20,670	9,630	11,035	50	30	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	15	0	11,875	5,275	6,605	25	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	15	15,610	8,680	6,930	60	40	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	65	30	30	63,120	32,320	30,800	140	90	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	4,420	2,245	2,175	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	58,700	30,075	28,625	115	75	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	35	15	15	45,365	23,355	22,005	100	65	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	3,375	1,730	1,640	20	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	2,305	1,135	1,170	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	1,070	595	475	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	41,990	21,625	20,360	85	55	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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