Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	West Lincoln, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,454	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,500	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,422	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,295	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	39.9	...	...	39.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	387.02	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,455	7,795	7,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,125	1,615	1,510	20.2	20.7	19.7
0 to 4 years	965	485	480	6.2	6.2	6.3
5 to 9 years	1,110	590	515	7.2	7.6	6.7
10 to 14 years	1,050	540	515	6.8	6.9	6.7
15 to 64 years	9,645	4,850	4,795	62.4	62.2	62.6
15 to 19 years	985	490	495	6.4	6.3	6.5
20 to 24 years	855	455	400	5.5	5.8	5.2
25 to 29 years	795	400	395	5.1	5.1	5.2
30 to 34 years	920	450	475	6.0	5.8	6.2
35 to 39 years	945	470	470	6.1	6.0	6.1
40 to 44 years	860	415	440	5.6	5.3	5.7
45 to 49 years	975	515	465	6.3	6.6	6.1
50 to 54 years	985	490	495	6.4	6.3	6.5
55 to 59 years	1,170	590	580	7.6	7.6	7.6
60 to 64 years	1,155	575	585	7.5	7.4	7.6
65 years and over	2,690	1,335	1,355	17.4	17.1	17.7
65 to 69 years	910	465	445	5.9	6.0	5.8
70 to 74 years	800	405	390	5.2	5.2	5.1
75 to 79 years	500	245	250	3.2	3.1	3.3
80 to 84 years	285	125	160	1.8	1.6	2.1
85 years and over	205	90	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
85 to 89 years	150	70	80	1.0	0.9	1.0
90 to 94 years	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.2	20.7	19.7	20.2	20.7	19.7
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.2	62.6	62.4	62.2	62.6
65 years and over	17.4	17.1	17.7	17.4	17.1	17.7
85 years and over	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Average age of the population	40.1	39.8	40.5	40.1	39.8	40.5
Median age of the population	40.8	40.4	40.8	40.8	40.4	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,430	...	...	83.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	275	...	...	5.2	...	...
Row house	415	...	...	7.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	140	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	825	...	...	15.6	...	...
2 persons	1,870	...	...	35.3	...	...
3 persons	915	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	895	...	...	16.9	...	...
5 or more persons	785	...	...	14.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,330	6,175	6,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,205	4,110	4,095	66.5	66.6	66.6
Married	7,130	3,570	3,565	57.8	57.8	58.0
Living common-law	1,070	540	535	8.7	8.7	8.7
Living common law - Never married	685	345	335	5.6	5.6	5.4
Living common law - Separated	70	40	25	0.6	0.6	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	285	140	150	2.3	2.3	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,125	2,065	2,055	33.5	33.4	33.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,870	1,595	1,275	23.3	25.8	20.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	260	120	140	2.1	1.9	2.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	470	230	235	3.8	3.7	3.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	520	125	395	4.2	2.0	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,155	...	...	47.2	...	...
3 persons	915	...	...	20.0	...	...
4 persons	895	...	...	19.6	...	...
5 or more persons	600	...	...	13.1	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,070	...	...	89.2	...	...
Married couples	3,535	...	...	77.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,975	...	...	43.3	...	...
Without children	1,555	...	...	34.1	...	...
Common-law couples	535	...	...	11.7	...	...
With children⁶	235	...	...	5.1	...	...
Without children	300	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	500	...	...	11.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	360	...	...	7.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	140	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,025	7,075	6,950	91.0	91.2	90.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,135	4,070	4,065	52.8	52.4	53.1
Parents in one-parent families	495	140	360	3.2	1.8	4.7
Children⁶	5,395	2,865	2,525	35.0	36.9	33.0
In a two-parent family	4,605	2,425	2,180	29.9	31.3	28.5
In a one-parent family	785	440	340	5.1	5.7	4.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,380	680	700	9.0	8.8	9.2
Living alone	825	425	400	5.4	5.5	5.2
Living with other relatives⁷	320	130	190	2.1	1.7	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	240	125	110	1.6	1.6	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,910	...	...	73.8	...	...
Couple-family households	3,570	...	...	67.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,970	...	...	37.2	...	...
Without children	1,605	...	...	30.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	335	...	...	6.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	3.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	90	...	...	1.7	...	...
One-person households	825	...	...	15.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,290	6,150	6,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,885	5,935	5,950	96.7	96.5	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,400	35,600	43,600	54,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,885	5,935	5,945	96.7	96.5	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	47,600	32,400	39,200	47,600	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,970	5,620	5,345	89.3	91.4	87.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	49,600	26,200	37,200	49,600	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,060	4,795	4,260	73.7	78.0	69.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	51,600	28,800	39,200	51,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,560	5,220	5,340	85.9	84.9	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,950	5,000	9,800	7,950	5,000	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,045	460	585	8.5	7.5	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,160	5,920	5,600	5,160	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,670	1,245	1,425	21.7	20.2	23.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,290	6,150	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,850	5,980	5,870	96.4	97.2	95.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,000	66,000	43,800	55,000	66,000	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,850	5,980	5,870	96.4	97.2	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,080	54,000	37,960	46,080	54,000	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,015	5,685	5,335	89.6	92.4	86.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,720	61,250	37,440	49,720	61,250	37,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,055	4,765	4,295	73.7	77.5	70.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	59,650	38,400	49,600	59,650	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,480	5,250	5,225	85.3	85.4	85.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,950	8,880	11,030	9,950	8,880	11,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,100	505	595	9.0	8.2	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,720	5,640	7,640	6,720	5,640	7,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,560	1,210	1,350	20.8	19.7	22.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,220	8,220	8,220	8,220	8,220	8,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,290	6,150	6,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,430	2,640	1,790	36.0	42.9	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	72,000	55,600	64,500	72,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,400	80,700	62,600	73,400	80,700	62,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,420	1,530	1,895	27.8	24.9	30.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,400	16,800	19,000	21,400	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,640	35,200	23,340	28,640	35,200	23,340
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	88.2	77.6	84.0	88.2	77.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	72.0	64.2	69.0	72.0	64.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.0	11.8	22.4	16.0	11.8	22.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.8	1.1	0.7	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	2.8	5.4	3.9	2.8	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.5	4.3	3.2	2.5	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,290	6,155	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	405	210	190	3.3	3.4	3.1
With total income	11,885	5,940	5,945	96.7	96.5	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	955	355	595	8.0	6.0	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415	495	920	11.9	8.3	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,595	640	955	13.4	10.8	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,480	610	875	12.5	10.3	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,340	630	710	11.3	10.6	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,150	570	580	9.7	9.6	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	935	545	380	7.9	9.2	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	725	485	240	6.1	8.2	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	595	390	205	5.0	6.6	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	440	305	140	3.7	5.1	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,265	915	350	10.6	15.4	5.9
$100,000 to $149,999	915	640	275	7.7	10.8	4.6
$150,000 and over	350	275	75	2.9	4.6	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,290	6,155	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	400	210	195	3.3	3.4	3.2
With after-tax income	11,885	5,940	5,950	96.7	96.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	995	370	620	8.4	6.2	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,485	520	965	12.5	8.8	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,845	735	1,115	15.5	12.4	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,730	755	980	14.6	12.7	16.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,590	785	800	13.4	13.2	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,270	750	520	10.7	12.6	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	920	580	345	7.7	9.8	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	700	475	220	5.9	8.0	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	490	325	160	4.1	5.5	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	285	200	80	2.4	3.4	1.3
$100,000 and over	575	445	135	4.8	7.5	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	320	245	75	2.7	4.1	1.3
$125,000 and over	260	200	60	2.2	3.4	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,290	6,155	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,230	1,350	1,875	26.3	21.9	30.5
With employment income	9,060	4,800	4,260	73.7	78.0	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,315	660	650	14.5	13.8	15.3
$5,000 to $9,999	650	235	410	7.2	4.9	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,080	445	635	11.9	9.3	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	805	325	480	8.9	6.8	11.3
$30,000 to $39,999	760	335	425	8.4	7.0	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	765	340	420	8.4	7.1	9.9
$50,000 to $59,999	765	400	365	8.4	8.3	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	620	400	225	6.8	8.3	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	505	360	145	5.6	7.5	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	455	315	135	5.0	6.6	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	380	250	125	4.2	5.2	2.9
$100,000 and over	970	725	240	10.7	15.1	5.6
$100,000 to $124,999	500	355	145	5.5	7.4	3.4
$125,000 and over	470	375	95	5.2	7.8	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,290	6,150	6,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,710	5,860	5,860	95.3	95.3	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	53,600	33,600	42,800	53,600	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,715	5,860	5,860	95.3	95.3	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	46,800	31,000	38,400	46,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,900	5,600	5,300	88.7	91.1	86.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	50,400	28,400	38,400	50,400	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,120	4,860	4,260	74.2	79.0	69.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	51,600	31,200	40,000	51,600	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,020	4,950	5,075	81.5	80.5	82.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,040	940	6,120	3,040	940	6,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	855	340	520	7.0	5.5	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,520	5,640	5,200	4,520	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,290	6,150	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,685	5,895	5,795	95.1	95.9	94.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	63,200	42,240	52,800	63,200	42,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,685	5,895	5,795	95.1	95.9	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,880	51,500	36,120	43,880	51,500	36,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,940	5,650	5,290	89.0	91.9	86.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	60,200	38,320	49,600	60,200	38,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,075	4,815	4,260	73.8	78.3	69.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,080	59,250	39,720	50,080	59,250	39,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,950	4,980	4,970	81.0	81.0	80.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,470	6,490	8,450	7,470	6,490	8,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	855	395	460	7.0	6.4	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,040	7,120	8,840	8,040	7,120	8,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,290	6,150	6,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,435	2,650	1,785	36.1	43.1	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	68,500	52,000	61,200	68,500	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,300	78,000	61,450	71,300	78,000	61,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,260	1,455	1,810	26.5	23.7	29.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	30,600	20,400	23,800	30,600	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,480	43,160	27,520	34,480	43,160	27,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	91.4	82.8	88.0	91.4	82.8
Employment income (%)	73.6	76.6	69.2	73.6	76.6	69.2
Government transfers (%)	12.0	8.7	17.2	12.0	8.7	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.7	1.1	0.8	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	825	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,100	...	...	123,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,100	...	...	103,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,100	...	...	57,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	135,400	...	...	135,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	1.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	2.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	300	...	...	5.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,835	...	...	53.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	800	...	...	15.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	635	...	...	12.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	800	...	...	15.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	605	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	385	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	425	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	415	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	405	...	...	7.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,320	...	...	43.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	885	...	...	16.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	560	...	...	10.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	880	...	...	16.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,065	550	505	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	52,000	36,800	43,200	52,000	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	46,000	34,000	38,800	46,000	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,800	...	...	134,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,700	...	...	112,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,300	...	...	109,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	159,200	...	...	159,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,045	570	480	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	58,000	46,800	52,800	58,000	46,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,100	48,800	40,600	45,100	48,800	40,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,405	7,755	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,715	1,905	1,810	24.1	24.6	23.7
0 to 5 years	1,185	600	580	7.7	7.7	7.6
18 to 64 years	9,010	4,525	4,485	58.5	58.3	58.6
65 years and over	2,685	1,330	1,355	17.4	17.2	17.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	855	400	455	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	95	110	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	455	220	230	...	...	...
65 years and over	200	85	115	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	5.2	5.9	5.6	5.2	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.5	5.0	6.0	5.5	5.0	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.2	6.0	5.6	5.2	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.9	5.2	5.1	4.9	5.2
65 years and over (%)	7.4	6.4	8.2	7.4	6.4	8.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,715	1,905	1,805	24.1	24.5	23.6
0 to 5 years	1,185	605	585	7.7	7.8	7.6
18 to 64 years	9,005	4,520	4,485	58.5	58.2	58.6
65 years and over	2,685	1,330	1,355	17.4	17.1	17.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	240	120	120	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	25	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	160	85	75	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.8	0.8	1.4	1.8	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.7
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,505	3,225	3,275	42.2	41.6	42.8
In bottom decile	710	340	365	4.6	4.4	4.8
In second decile	1,065	490	575	6.9	6.3	7.5
In third decile	1,395	685	715	9.1	8.8	9.3
In fourth decile	1,650	825	820	10.7	10.6	10.7
In fifth decile	1,685	885	800	10.9	11.4	10.5
In top half of the distribution	8,900	4,530	4,370	57.8	58.4	57.1
In sixth decile	1,850	955	900	12.0	12.3	11.8
In seventh decile	1,775	895	875	11.5	11.5	11.4
In eighth decile	2,000	1,010	990	13.0	13.0	12.9
In ninth decile	1,805	920	890	11.7	11.9	11.6
In top decile	1,475	760	720	9.6	9.8	9.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,405	...	...	15,405	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.285	...	...	0.285	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.250	...	...	0.250	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	14,835	7,525	7,315	96.2	96.8	95.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	550	225	320	3.6	2.9	4.2
Neither English nor French	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,255	7,680	7,575	98.9	98.8	98.9
French	115	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,270	7,680	7,585	99.0	98.8	99.0
Official languages	14,015	7,085	6,930	90.9	91.2	90.5
English	13,890	7,025	6,870	90.0	90.4	89.7
French	130	65	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-official languages	1,250	595	655	8.1	7.7	8.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,250	595	655	8.1	7.7	8.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,090	525	570	7.1	6.8	7.4
Albanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	130	130	1.7	1.7	1.7
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Latvian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	255	125	125	1.7	1.6	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	40	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	110	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Serbian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	410	200	210	2.7	2.6	2.7
Frisian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
German	95	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	300	150	150	1.9	1.9	2.0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	295	145	150	1.9	1.9	2.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	85	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	140	145	1.8	1.8	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Portuguese	105	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	160	85	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,495	7,340	7,155	94.0	94.5	93.4
French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	175	80	105	1.1	1.0	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	80	105	1.1	1.0	1.4
English and French	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	660	310	350	4.3	4.0	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,320	7,710	7,605	99.3	99.2	99.3
Official languages	14,975	7,565	7,410	97.1	97.4	96.7
English	14,955	7,555	7,400	97.0	97.2	96.6
French	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	345	150	195	2.2	1.9	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	345	150	195	2.2	1.9	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	255	110	150	1.7	1.4	2.0
Albanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,425	7,770	7,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,780	7,470	7,315	95.8	96.1	95.5
English	150	70	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
French	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	405	200	205	2.6	2.6	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	405	200	205	2.6	2.6	2.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,405	7,755	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,345	7,730	7,615	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	15,345	7,730	7,615	99.6	99.7	99.5
French	545	215	325	3.5	2.8	4.2
Non-official languages	1,680	780	900	10.9	10.1	11.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,680	780	895	10.9	10.1	11.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,480	700	780	9.6	9.0	10.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	300	170	135	1.9	2.2	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	300	170	130	1.9	2.2	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	105	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Russian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	145	75	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	100	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Serbian	55	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	485	240	250	3.1	3.1	3.3
Frisian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
High German languages	130	70	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
German	130	70	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	335	155	175	2.2	2.0	2.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	335	155	175	2.2	2.0	2.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	70	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indo-Iranian languages	130	35	95	0.8	0.5	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	115	20	95	0.7	0.3	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	10	50	0.4	0.1	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	20	50	0.4	0.3	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	510	245	265	3.3	3.2	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	150	80	70	1.0	1.0	0.9
Portuguese	185	80	105	1.2	1.0	1.4
Romanian	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	140	65	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,405	7,755	7,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	365	160	200	2.4	2.1	2.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	345	160	185	2.2	2.1	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	110	125	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis	115	50	65	0.7	0.6	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	15,045	7,595	7,445	97.7	97.9	97.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,405	7,755	7,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,350	7,735	7,615	99.6	99.7	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,760	...	...	89.9	...	...
Renter	535	...	...	10.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	335	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not condominium	4,960	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	740	...	...	14.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,360	...	...	44.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,960	...	...	37.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	430	...	...	8.1	...	...
5 rooms	610	...	...	11.5	...	...
6 rooms	900	...	...	17.0	...	...
7 rooms	910	...	...	17.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,440	...	...	46.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,235	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,100	...	...	96.3	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,025	...	...	19.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,300	...	...	24.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	645	...	...	12.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	630	...	...	11.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	480	...	...	9.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	355	...	...	6.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	380	...	...	7.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,025	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	270	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,135	...	...	40.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,990	...	...	56.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	175	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	530	...	...	10.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	905	...	...	17.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,000	...	...	18.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,285	...	...	24.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	930	...	...	17.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	480	...	...	9.1	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,305	...	...	85.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	725	...	...	14.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	655	...	...	13.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,105	...	...	20.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	670	...	...	12.7	...	...
Not suitable only	165	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,190	...	...	79.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	165	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	4,790	...	...	96.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,505	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.7	...	...	61.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.7	...	...	12.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,550	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,612	...	...	1,612	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	768,000	...	...	768,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	535	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,236	...	...	1,236	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,410	7,760	7,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	485	225	260	3.1	2.9	3.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	470	215	255	3.0	2.8	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	330	160	165	2.1	2.1	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	60	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,860	7,510	7,350	96.4	96.8	96.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,105	7,615	7,490	98.1	98.1	97.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,785	1,910	1,875	24.6	24.6	24.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,320	5,705	5,620	73.5	73.5	73.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	305	145	160	2.0	1.9	2.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,735	6,935	6,795	89.2	89.4	88.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,610	810	800	10.5	10.4	10.5
Before 1980	990	510	480	6.4	6.6	6.3
1980 to 1990	200	110	90	1.3	1.4	1.2
1991 to 2000	155	75	85	1.0	1.0	1.1
2001 to 2010	155	70	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	45	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
2011 to 2015	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	10	45	0.4	0.1	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,615	810	800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	295	125	175	18.3	15.4	21.9
5 to 14 years	420	240	185	26.0	29.6	23.1
15 to 24 years	365	220	150	22.6	27.2	18.8
25 to 44 years	465	195	265	28.8	24.1	33.1
45 years and over	70	30	35	4.3	3.7	4.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,615	810	800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	70	90	10.2	8.6	11.3
Brazil	25	10	15	1.5	1.2	1.9
Colombia	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.3
United States of America	40	10	35	2.5	1.2	4.4
Other places of birth in Americas	45	35	15	2.8	4.3	1.9
Europe	1,225	645	585	75.9	79.6	73.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Croatia	65	50	20	4.0	6.2	2.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	50	35	15	3.1	4.3	1.9
Greece	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.9
Hungary	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.3
Italy	50	35	20	3.1	4.3	2.5
Netherlands	305	165	140	18.9	20.4	17.5
Poland	70	40	30	4.3	4.9	3.8
Portugal	95	45	45	5.9	5.6	5.6
Romania	55	25	30	3.4	3.1	3.8
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	10	0.9	1.2	1.3
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	370	175	190	22.9	21.6	23.8
Other places of birth in Europe	95	50	40	5.9	6.2	5.0
Africa	45	15	25	2.8	1.9	3.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	20	1.5	1.2	2.5
Asia	165	65	100	10.2	8.0	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	20	15	2.2	2.5	1.9
Pakistan	45	15	35	2.8	1.9	4.4
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	25	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	30.8	0.0	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	10	23.1	0.0	22.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	15.4	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	0	15.4	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	15.4	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	10	20	46.2	40.0	44.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,405	7,755	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,720	855	860	11.2	11.0	11.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,280	1,670	1,610	21.3	21.5	21.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,410	5,235	5,175	67.6	67.5	67.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	625	300	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	285	165	120	45.6	55.0	36.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	125	85	40	20.0	28.3	12.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	80	85	25.6	26.7	26.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	260	85	175	41.6	28.3	53.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	50	25	12.0	16.7	7.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	625	300	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	55	25	30	8.8	8.3	9.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	35	15	8.0	11.7	4.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	20	4.8	3.3	6.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	475	215	260	76.0	71.7	80.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,405	7,755	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	595	245	355	3.9	3.2	4.6
South Asian	190	65	125	1.2	0.8	1.6
Chinese	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Black	90	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Filipino	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	85	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Southeast Asian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,805	7,515	7,295	96.1	96.9	95.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,405	7,760	7,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,580	1,320	1,250	16.7	17.0	16.3
English	4,230	2,035	2,200	27.5	26.2	28.8
Irish	2,280	1,060	1,220	14.8	13.7	15.9
Scottish	2,810	1,410	1,400	18.2	18.2	18.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,060	470	595	6.9	6.1	7.8
German	1,815	845	970	11.8	10.9	12.7
Chinese	70	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italian	1,380	705	675	9.0	9.1	8.8
Indian (India)	175	60	110	1.1	0.8	1.4
Ukrainian	565	275	290	3.7	3.5	3.8
Dutch	3,245	1,675	1,570	21.1	21.6	20.5
Polish	660	365	295	4.3	4.7	3.9
Québécois	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	900	440	465	5.8	5.7	6.1
Filipino	60	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
French Canadian	145	95	55	0.9	1.2	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	190	105	85	1.2	1.4	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	200	90	115	1.3	1.2	1.5
Métis	165	70	90	1.1	0.9	1.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	85	50	0.9	1.1	0.7
Russian	105	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Norwegian	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	300	145	155	1.9	1.9	2.0
Portuguese	375	190	185	2.4	2.4	2.4
American	100	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Spanish	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Swedish	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hungarian	325	165	160	2.1	2.1	2.1
Acadian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	135	60	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	100	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	130	80	55	0.8	1.0	0.7
Danish	85	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	90	50	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Belgian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swiss	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Finnish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	220	125	100	1.4	1.6	1.3
Japanese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Colombian	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	125	80	45	0.8	1.0	0.6
Ojibway	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Newfoundlander	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	125	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	130	55	75	0.8	0.7	1.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	50	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
South African	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	50	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	90	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,405	7,755	7,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	9,895	4,825	5,075	64.2	62.2	66.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,815	930	885	11.8	12.0	11.6
Anabaptist	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Anglican	765	360	405	5.0	4.6	5.3
Baptist	185	95	95	1.2	1.2	1.2
Catholic	3,340	1,625	1,720	21.7	21.0	22.5
Christian Orthodox	245	115	135	1.6	1.5	1.8
Jehovah's Witness	105	40	60	0.7	0.5	0.8
Latter Day Saints	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lutheran	105	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	110	60	50	0.7	0.8	0.7
Presbyterian	310	140	175	2.0	1.8	2.3
Reformed	1,270	650	610	8.2	8.4	8.0
United Church	1,065	460	605	6.9	5.9	7.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	415	200	220	2.7	2.6	2.9
Hindu	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Muslim	65	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	5,295	2,845	2,445	34.4	36.7	32.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,215	7,685	7,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,220	7,195	7,020	93.5	93.6	93.2
Movers	1,000	490	510	6.6	6.4	6.8
Non-migrants	250	125	120	1.6	1.6	1.6
Migrants	755	365	385	5.0	4.7	5.1
Internal migrants	740	360	380	4.9	4.7	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	735	355	380	4.8	4.6	5.0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,445	7,325	7,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,170	5,240	4,930	70.4	71.5	69.2
Movers	4,270	2,085	2,190	29.6	28.5	30.8
Non-migrants	560	275	285	3.9	3.8	4.0
Migrants	3,715	1,810	1,905	25.7	24.7	26.8
Internal migrants	3,635	1,790	1,845	25.2	24.4	25.9
Intraprovincial migrants	3,545	1,755	1,790	24.5	24.0	25.1
Interprovincial migrants	90	30	55	0.6	0.4	0.8
External migrants	80	20	60	0.6	0.3	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,290	6,150	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,255	1,255	1,000	18.3	20.4	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,035	4,900	5,135	81.7	79.7	83.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,790	3,930	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	765	480	285	9.8	12.2	7.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,025	3,455	3,575	90.2	87.9	92.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,290	6,150	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,015	1,085	935	16.4	17.6	15.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,000	2,040	1,955	32.5	33.2	31.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,275	3,025	3,250	51.1	49.2	52.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,600	2,350	2,250	37.4	38.2	36.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,090	865	230	8.9	14.1	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	400	260	135	3.3	4.2	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	700	605	95	5.7	9.8	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,355	1,410	1,945	27.3	22.9	31.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	80	80	1.3	1.3	1.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,675	670	995	13.6	10.9	16.2
Bachelor's degree	1,240	495	750	10.1	8.0	12.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	55	35	0.7	0.9	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	270	85	185	2.2	1.4	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,785	3,930	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	635	380	250	8.2	9.7	6.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,350	1,280	1,070	30.2	32.6	27.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,805	2,270	2,535	61.7	57.8	65.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,455	1,765	1,695	44.4	44.9	44.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	745	600	145	9.6	15.3	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	180	75	3.3	4.6	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	480	415	65	6.2	10.6	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,580	1,105	1,475	33.1	28.1	38.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	55	75	1.7	1.4	1.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,350	510	845	17.3	13.0	21.9
Bachelor's degree	1,000	375	625	12.8	9.5	16.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	35	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	245	65	175	3.1	1.7	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,290	6,155	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,015	3,125	2,885	48.9	50.8	47.0
Education	285	60	230	2.3	1.0	3.7
13. Education	285	60	230	2.3	1.0	3.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	115	95	1.7	1.9	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	35	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	75	95	1.4	1.2	1.5
Humanities	205	70	135	1.7	1.1	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	60	10	55	0.5	0.2	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
54. History	45	25	15	0.4	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	655	150	510	5.3	2.4	8.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	0	190	1.5	0.0	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	70	15	50	0.6	0.2	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	90	10	80	0.7	0.2	1.3
45. Social sciences	190	85	110	1.5	1.4	1.8
Business, management and public administration	1,190	335	860	9.7	5.4	14.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	15	135	1.3	0.2	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,040	320	720	8.5	5.2	11.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	280	115	165	2.3	1.9	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	35	95	1.1	0.6	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	70	55	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	70	50	1.0	1.1	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	60	40	0.9	1.0	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,685	1,595	95	13.7	25.9	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	65	50	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
14. Engineering	115	100	15	0.9	1.6	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	390	350	40	3.2	5.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	390	390	0	3.2	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	455	445	10	3.7	7.2	0.2
48. Precision production	285	260	20	2.3	4.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	180	95	2.2	2.9	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	230	140	90	1.9	2.3	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	925	145	780	7.5	2.4	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	105	50	55	0.9	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	805	90	715	6.6	1.5	11.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	430	190	240	3.5	3.1	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225	30	200	1.8	0.5	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	105	35	1.1	1.7	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,790	3,930	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,985	1,660	1,315	38.3	42.2	34.1
Education	185	30	155	2.4	0.8	4.0
13. Education	185	30	155	2.4	0.8	4.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	85	80	2.1	2.2	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	65	80	1.9	1.7	2.1
Humanities	145	45	100	1.9	1.1	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0.6	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	540	125	420	6.9	3.2	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	60	1.1	0.8	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	155	2.0	0.0	4.0
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	40	0.7	0.4	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	65	10	55	0.8	0.3	1.4
45. Social sciences	160	70	90	2.1	1.8	2.3
Business, management and public administration	950	280	670	12.2	7.1	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	15	115	1.7	0.4	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	265	560	10.5	6.7	14.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	95	135	3.0	2.4	3.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	25	75	1.2	0.6	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	50	15	0.9	1.3	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35	1.2	1.5	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	35	1.2	1.5	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,225	1,145	75	15.7	29.1	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	75	60	15	1.0	1.5	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	255	20	3.6	6.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	290	290	0	3.7	7.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	350	340	10	4.5	8.7	0.3
48. Precision production	190	175	15	2.4	4.5	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	135	80	2.8	3.4	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	180	110	70	2.3	2.8	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	10	0.5	0.9	0.3
Health and related fields	710	110	600	9.1	2.8	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	45	50	1.2	1.1	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	615	70	550	7.9	1.8	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	150	175	4.2	3.8	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	20	150	2.1	0.5	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	90	25	1.5	2.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,790	3,930	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,985	1,660	1,315	38.3	42.2	34.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,805	2,270	2,540	61.7	57.8	65.9
Location of study inside Canada	4,570	2,190	2,380	58.7	55.7	61.7
Same as province or territory of residence	4,440	2,125	2,315	57.0	54.1	60.1
Different than province or territory of residence	130	65	70	1.7	1.7	1.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	240	80	160	3.1	2.0	4.2
Americas	95	15	80	1.2	0.4	2.1
United States of America	70	10	60	0.9	0.3	1.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	40	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Asia	45	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,290	6,150	6,140	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,015	4,260	3,755	...	...	...
Employed	7,345	3,955	3,390	...	...	...
Unemployed	665	310	365	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,280	1,895	2,385	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.2	69.3	61.2	65.2	69.3	61.2
Employment rate	59.8	64.3	55.2	59.8	64.3	55.2
Unemployment rate	8.3	7.3	9.7	8.3	7.3	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,290	6,155	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,145	1,835	2,310	33.7	29.8	37.6
Worked	8,145	4,315	3,825	66.3	70.1	62.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,550	2,735	1,815	37.0	44.4	29.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,595	1,585	2,005	29.3	25.8	32.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.8	41.7	42.8	43.8	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,015	4,260	3,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	50	90	1.8	1.2	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,875	4,205	3,665	98.3	98.7	97.6
Employee	6,625	3,370	3,250	82.7	79.1	86.6
Permanent position	5,760	2,975	2,785	71.9	69.8	74.2
Temporary position	865	395	470	10.8	9.3	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	225	105	115	2.8	2.5	3.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	645	290	355	8.0	6.8	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,250	835	410	15.6	19.6	10.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,015	4,260	3,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	50	90	1.8	1.2	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,875	4,205	3,665	98.3	98.7	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	60	30	1.1	1.4	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,280	305	975	16.0	7.2	26.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	460	350	115	5.7	8.2	3.1
3 Health occupations	515	50	470	6.4	1.2	12.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	755	210	540	9.4	4.9	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	60	75	1.7	1.4	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,600	645	955	20.0	15.1	25.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,910	1,725	185	23.8	40.5	4.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	610	415	190	7.6	9.7	5.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	530	390	140	6.6	9.2	3.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,015	4,260	3,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	50	90	1.8	1.2	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	7,875	4,205	3,665	98.3	98.7	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	545	315	230	6.8	7.4	6.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	70	45	30	0.9	1.1	0.8
23 Construction	960	830	135	12.0	19.5	3.6
31-33 Manufacturing	1,040	750	295	13.0	17.6	7.9
41 Wholesale trade	435	310	130	5.4	7.3	3.5
44-45 Retail trade	810	360	450	10.1	8.5	12.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	350	225	130	4.4	5.3	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	100	70	30	1.2	1.6	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	240	75	160	3.0	1.8	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	45	60	1.3	1.1	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	375	170	210	4.7	4.0	5.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	245	135	4.7	5.8	3.6
61 Educational services	470	105	365	5.9	2.5	9.7
62 Health care and social assistance	860	75	785	10.7	1.8	20.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	45	60	1.3	1.1	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	280	100	185	3.5	2.3	4.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	380	235	140	4.7	5.5	3.7
91 Public administration	335	195	145	4.2	4.6	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,580	4,535	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,465	4,490	3,975	98.7	99.0	98.3
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	50	15	35	0.6	0.3	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,580	4,535	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,560	4,530	4,030	99.8	99.9	99.6
Official languages	8,535	4,520	4,025	99.5	99.7	99.5
English	8,525	4,505	4,020	99.4	99.3	99.4
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-official languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,580	4,535	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,500	4,510	3,990	99.1	99.4	98.6
English	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	40	15	20	0.5	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,345	3,955	3,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,530	715	820	20.8	18.1	24.2
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,000	805	195	13.6	20.4	5.8
Usual place of work	4,795	2,420	2,375	65.3	61.2	70.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,795	2,420	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,225	485	740	25.5	20.0	31.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,185	530	655	24.7	21.9	27.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,380	1,400	980	49.6	57.9	41.3
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,790	3,220	2,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,515	3,110	2,400	95.3	96.6	93.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,205	2,940	2,265	89.9	91.3	88.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	310	170	135	5.4	5.3	5.3
Public transit	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Walked	165	65	95	2.8	2.0	3.7
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	95	35	60	1.6	1.1	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,790	3,220	2,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,375	595	780	23.7	18.5	30.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,695	945	750	29.3	29.3	29.2
30 to 44 minutes	1,675	1,005	670	28.9	31.2	26.1
45 to 59 minutes	570	325	250	9.8	10.1	9.7
60 minutes and over	480	360	120	8.3	11.2	4.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,790	3,220	2,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	750	610	135	13.0	18.9	5.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,350	950	400	23.3	29.5	15.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,565	750	820	27.0	23.3	32.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	975	395	580	16.8	12.3	22.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	435	140	300	7.5	4.3	11.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	715	380	335	12.3	11.8	13.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,785	1,940	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	175	80	85	4.6	4.1	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,610	1,860	1,750	95.4	95.9	95.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,740	1,415	1,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	65	75	5.1	4.6	5.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	35	2.2	1.8	2.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	40	35	2.9	2.8	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,600	1,350	1,250	94.9	95.4	94.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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