Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Eel River Crossing, Village (VL)More information: New Brunswick [Census subdivision] Remove						CanadaMore information: [Country] Remove						British ColumbiaMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,844	...	...	...	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	...	...	...	5,000,879	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	1,953	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...	4,648,055	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 5.6	...	...	- 5.6	...	...	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	887	...	...	...	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	...	...	...	2,211,694	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	839	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	...	...	...	2,041,834	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	28.3	...	...	28.3	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	65.26	...	...	...	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	...	...	...	920,686.55	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,845	925	920	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	100.0	100.0	100.0	5,000,880	2,457,515	2,543,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	225	115	110	12.2	12.4	12.0	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	16.3	16.9	15.6	716,900	369,250	347,650	14.3	15.0	13.7
0 to 4 years	80	40	40	4.3	4.3	4.3	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	5.0	5.2	4.8	216,825	111,015	105,805	4.3	4.5	4.2
5 to 9 years	60	25	35	3.3	2.7	3.8	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	5.6	5.8	5.3	244,290	125,810	118,485	4.9	5.1	4.7
10 to 14 years	85	50	35	4.6	5.4	3.8	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	5.7	6.0	5.5	255,790	132,425	123,365	5.1	5.4	4.9
15 to 64 years	1,170	585	585	63.4	63.2	63.6	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	64.8	65.4	64.2	3,267,620	1,614,625	1,652,995	65.3	65.7	65.0
15 to 19 years	85	50	40	4.6	5.4	4.3	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	5.4	5.7	5.2	253,690	131,245	122,445	5.1	5.3	4.8
20 to 24 years	95	50	45	5.1	5.4	4.9	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	6.0	6.2	5.7	294,650	151,505	143,145	5.9	6.2	5.6
25 to 29 years	85	35	45	4.6	3.8	4.9	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	6.5	6.7	6.4	337,090	170,500	166,585	6.7	6.9	6.5
30 to 34 years	85	35	50	4.6	3.8	5.4	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	6.8	6.9	6.7	358,585	178,925	179,660	7.2	7.3	7.1
35 to 39 years	95	50	40	5.1	5.4	4.3	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	6.8	6.8	6.8	353,350	175,175	178,175	7.1	7.1	7.0
40 to 44 years	95	40	50	5.1	4.3	5.4	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	6.5	6.5	6.5	319,740	156,480	163,260	6.4	6.4	6.4
45 to 49 years	100	50	50	5.4	5.4	5.4	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	6.2	6.2	6.3	310,035	149,520	160,515	6.2	6.1	6.3
50 to 54 years	150	70	80	8.1	7.6	8.7	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	6.4	6.4	6.4	329,005	158,540	170,460	6.6	6.5	6.7
55 to 59 years	190	100	90	10.3	10.8	9.8	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	7.2	7.1	7.2	356,345	172,520	183,825	7.1	7.0	7.2
60 to 64 years	190	95	95	10.3	10.3	10.3	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	7.0	6.9	7.0	355,130	170,210	184,920	7.1	6.9	7.3
65 years and over	445	220	225	24.1	23.8	24.5	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	19.0	17.7	20.2	1,016,365	473,640	542,720	20.3	19.3	21.3
65 to 69 years	155	80	75	8.4	8.6	8.2	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	6.0	5.8	6.1	319,405	152,705	166,700	6.4	6.2	6.6
70 to 74 years	120	60	60	6.5	6.5	6.5	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	5.0	4.8	5.2	272,365	130,370	141,995	5.4	5.3	5.6
75 to 79 years	90	40	50	4.9	4.3	5.4	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	3.4	3.2	3.6	181,075	86,060	95,015	3.6	3.5	3.7
80 to 84 years	40	20	20	2.2	2.2	2.2	840,545	370,905	469,645	2.3	2.0	2.5	121,055	55,285	65,780	2.4	2.2	2.6
85 years and over	40	15	25	2.2	1.6	2.7	861,395	319,540	541,860	2.3	1.8	2.9	122,465	49,225	73,235	2.4	2.0	2.9
85 to 89 years	25	10	15	1.4	1.1	1.6	525,445	212,735	312,705	1.4	1.2	1.7	74,315	32,315	42,005	1.5	1.3	1.7
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	0.8	0.5	1.1	258,035	87,300	170,735	0.7	0.5	0.9	36,840	13,715	23,120	0.7	0.6	0.9
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0.2	0.1	0.3	9,790	2,865	6,925	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,515	330	1,185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.2	12.4	12.0	12.2	12.4	12.0	16.3	16.9	15.6	16.3	16.9	15.6	14.3	15.0	13.7	14.3	15.0	13.7
15 to 64 years	63.4	63.2	63.6	63.4	63.2	63.6	64.8	65.4	64.2	64.8	65.4	64.2	65.3	65.7	65.0	65.3	65.7	65.0
65 years and over	24.1	23.8	24.5	24.1	23.8	24.5	19.0	17.7	20.2	19.0	17.7	20.2	20.3	19.3	21.3	20.3	19.3	21.3
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.7	2.2	1.6	2.7	2.3	1.8	2.9	2.3	1.8	2.9	2.4	2.0	2.9	2.4	2.0	2.9
Average age of the population	47.0	46.7	47.3	47.0	46.7	47.3	41.9	41.0	42.8	41.9	41.0	42.8	43.1	42.2	43.9	43.1	42.2	43.9
Median age of the population	52.0	52.0	52.0	52.0	52.0	52.0	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8	42.8	41.6	44.0	42.8	41.6	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	835	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	745	...	...	89.2	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	52.6	...	...	866,340	...	...	42.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0.6	...	...	746,560	...	...	5.0	...	...	62,890	...	...	3.1	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	1.8	...	...	980,110	...	...	6.5	...	...	168,590	...	...	8.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	2.4	...	...	821,490	...	...	5.5	...	...	249,835	...	...	12.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	18.3	...	...	417,475	...	...	20.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	10.7	...	...	221,845	...	...	10.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.6	...	...	34,880	...	...	0.2	...	...	3,760	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	20	...	...	2.4	...	...	189,420	...	...	1.3	...	...	51,100	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	250	...	...	29.8	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...	600,705	...	...	29.4	...	...
2 persons	355	...	...	42.3	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	34.2	...	...	719,865	...	...	35.3	...	...
3 persons	125	...	...	14.9	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	14.7	...	...	296,200	...	...	14.5	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	10.7	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	13.4	...	...	256,700	...	...	12.6	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	8.4	...	...	168,355	...	...	8.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,800	2,499,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,620	805	815	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,283,980	2,088,265	2,195,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	955	480	475	59.0	59.6	58.3	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	56.9	58.2	55.6	2,464,130	1,229,850	1,234,280	57.5	58.9	56.2
Married	690	350	345	42.6	43.5	42.3	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	44.3	45.3	43.3	2,036,165	1,015,165	1,021,000	47.5	48.6	46.5
Living common-law	265	130	130	16.4	16.1	16.0	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	12.6	12.9	12.3	427,970	214,680	213,285	10.0	10.3	9.7
Living common law - Never married	190	95	95	11.7	11.8	11.7	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	9.6	9.8	9.4	313,560	158,045	155,515	7.3	7.6	7.1
Living common law - Separated	15	5	5	0.9	0.6	0.6	123,830	65,045	58,785	0.4	0.4	0.4	17,220	8,940	8,285	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	40	20	15	2.5	2.5	1.8	721,715	365,760	355,950	2.3	2.4	2.2	87,370	43,700	43,670	2.0	2.1	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	20	5	10	1.2	0.6	1.2	87,165	36,860	50,300	0.3	0.2	0.3	9,815	3,995	5,820	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	665	330	335	41.0	41.0	41.1	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	43.1	41.8	44.4	1,819,845	858,415	961,435	42.5	41.1	43.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	425	235	185	26.2	29.2	22.7	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	29.1	32.2	26.2	1,202,625	653,345	549,280	28.1	31.3	25.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	30	30	3.7	3.7	3.7	741,135	319,045	422,090	2.4	2.1	2.7	110,710	47,290	63,420	2.6	2.3	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	30	45	4.6	3.7	5.5	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	6.2	5.0	7.3	283,035	109,615	173,420	6.6	5.2	7.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	110	25	80	6.8	3.1	9.8	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	5.4	2.4	8.2	223,475	48,165	175,310	5.2	2.3	8.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	565	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,399,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	355	...	...	62.8	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	51.7	...	...	763,875	...	...	54.6	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...	19.5	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	20.9	...	...	290,335	...	...	20.7	...	...
4 persons	80	...	...	14.2	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	19.0	...	...	255,295	...	...	18.2	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	3.5	...	...	855,960	...	...	8.3	...	...	89,900	...	...	6.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	565	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,399,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	465	...	...	82.3	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	83.6	...	...	1,190,930	...	...	85.1	...	...
Married couples	335	...	...	59.3	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	64.6	...	...	977,010	...	...	69.8	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...	17.7	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	33.9	...	...	496,240	...	...	35.5	...	...
Without children	235	...	...	41.6	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	30.6	...	...	480,770	...	...	34.4	...	...
Common-law couples	130	...	...	23.0	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	19.0	...	...	213,925	...	...	15.3	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	11.5	...	...	808,645	...	...	7.9	...	...	64,570	...	...	4.6	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	12.4	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	11.1	...	...	149,355	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	100	...	...	17.7	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	16.4	...	...	208,475	...	...	14.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	70	...	...	12.4	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	12.7	...	...	161,820	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	30	...	...	5.3	...	...	383,670	...	...	3.7	...	...	46,655	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,800	2,499,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	1,460	725	740	80.4	80.6	80.9	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	81.1	81.5	80.8	3,897,915	1,933,790	1,964,120	79.3	80.0	78.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	935	465	465	51.5	51.7	50.8	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	47.2	47.8	46.6	2,381,865	1,191,345	1,190,515	48.5	49.3	47.6
Parents in one-parent families	95	25	70	5.2	2.8	7.7	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	4.6	2.1	7.1	208,475	46,660	161,820	4.2	1.9	6.5
Children⁶	435	230	200	24.0	25.6	21.9	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	29.3	31.5	27.1	1,307,575	695,790	611,785	26.6	28.8	24.5
In a two-parent family	270	150	120	14.9	16.7	13.1	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	22.1	23.6	20.6	1,001,235	529,410	471,830	20.4	21.9	18.9
In a one-parent family	165	85	80	9.1	9.4	8.7	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	7.2	7.9	6.5	306,340	166,380	139,960	6.2	6.9	5.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	350	175	175	19.3	19.4	19.1	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	18.9	18.5	19.2	1,018,030	483,010	535,015	20.7	20.0	21.4
Living alone	245	130	115	13.5	14.4	12.6	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	12.1	11.4	12.8	600,705	273,740	326,960	12.2	11.3	13.1
Living with other relatives⁷	45	15	30	2.5	1.7	3.3	927,345	393,085	534,260	2.6	2.2	2.9	139,900	56,735	83,160	2.8	2.3	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	60	30	30	3.3	3.3	3.3	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	4.2	4.9	3.5	277,425	152,535	124,890	5.6	6.3	5.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	525	...	...	62.5	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	59.6	...	...	1,157,520	...	...	56.7	...	...
Couple-family households	440	...	...	52.4	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	50.9	...	...	1,002,775	...	...	49.1	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...	19.0	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	25.3	...	...	463,945	...	...	22.7	...	...
Without children	280	...	...	33.3	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	25.6	...	...	538,825	...	...	26.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	85	...	...	10.1	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	8.7	...	...	154,745	...	...	7.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	441,745	...	...	2.9	...	...	75,700	...	...	3.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.6	...	...	94,235	...	...	0.6	...	...	20,325	...	...	1.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	2.4	...	...	450,415	...	...	3.0	...	...	79,015	...	...	3.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	4.2	...	...	663,835	...	...	4.4	...	...	108,570	...	...	5.3	...	...
One-person households	245	...	...	29.2	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...	600,705	...	...	29.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,595	785	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,550	765	785	97.2	97.5	97.5	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5	4,076,345	1,987,855	2,088,490	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,800	32,400	35,200	38,800	32,400	41,200	46,400	36,800	41,200	46,400	36,800	40,800	47,200	36,000	40,800	47,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,550	765	785	97.2	97.5	97.5	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	96.4	96.4	96.5	4,078,810	1,989,180	2,089,630	97.1	97.1	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,800	29,400	32,000	34,800	29,400	36,800	40,800	33,600	36,800	40,800	33,600	37,200	42,400	33,600	37,200	42,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,270	660	610	79.6	84.1	75.8	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	85.9	87.5	84.2	3,655,710	1,808,310	1,847,405	87.0	88.3	85.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	29,800	25,800	27,800	29,800	25,800	35,200	42,400	29,200	35,200	42,400	29,200	35,200	43,600	28,400	35,200	43,600	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,000	505	500	62.7	64.3	62.1	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	69.6	73.4	66.1	2,886,365	1,471,335	1,415,030	68.7	71.8	65.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	32,400	27,400	29,400	32,400	27,400	37,200	43,200	32,000	37,200	43,200	32,000	38,000	46,000	31,200	38,000	46,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,325	640	685	83.1	81.5	85.1	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	83.7	81.2	86.2	3,377,800	1,555,875	1,821,925	80.4	76.0	84.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	15,500	12,400	13,600	15,500	12,400	9,800	8,500	11,000	9,800	8,500	11,000	10,000	9,100	10,600	10,000	9,100	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	390	200	185	24.5	25.5	23.0	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	10.5	10.4	10.6	370,345	168,520	201,825	8.8	8.2	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	8,700	6,650	7,450	8,700	6,650	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	390	190	200	24.5	24.2	24.8	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	27.6	27.9	27.4	1,106,935	526,910	580,025	26.4	25.7	27.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	7,500	7,500	7,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,625	820	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,595	810	785	98.2	98.8	97.5	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	96.4	96.3	96.5	4,075,270	1,987,400	2,087,875	97.0	97.0	97.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	45,200	36,600	41,000	45,200	36,600	54,450	62,650	46,560	54,450	62,650	46,560	54,450	63,500	45,800	54,450	63,500	45,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,595	810	785	98.2	98.8	97.5	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	96.4	96.4	96.5	4,077,810	1,988,785	2,089,025	97.1	97.1	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,520	38,400	32,600	35,520	38,400	32,600	44,920	50,320	39,680	44,920	50,320	39,680	45,600	51,900	39,600	45,600	51,900	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,310	685	625	80.6	83.5	77.6	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	85.9	87.6	84.2	3,654,285	1,807,745	1,846,535	87.0	88.3	85.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,920	40,000	31,500	35,920	40,000	31,500	50,240	59,500	41,000	50,240	59,500	41,000	50,520	60,800	40,440	50,520	60,800	40,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,055	535	520	64.9	65.2	64.6	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	69.6	73.4	66.0	2,886,325	1,472,690	1,413,635	68.7	71.9	65.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,100	40,000	32,200	36,100	40,000	32,200	50,280	58,050	42,000	50,280	58,050	42,000	50,520	59,800	40,840	50,520	59,800	40,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,305	650	655	80.3	79.3	81.4	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	83.7	81.2	86.2	3,374,170	1,553,970	1,820,205	80.3	75.9	84.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,980	14,160	13,840	13,980	14,160	13,840	11,170	10,180	12,060	11,170	10,180	12,060	11,030	10,490	11,490	11,030	10,490	11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	190	165	22.5	23.2	20.5	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	10.5	10.4	10.6	368,410	167,495	200,910	8.8	8.2	9.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,560	9,600	7,350	8,560	9,600	7,350	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,050	6,710	7,370	6,540	6,030	6,970	6,540	6,030	6,970
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	390	190	200	24.0	23.2	24.8	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	27.5	27.8	27.3	1,102,145	524,940	577,205	26.2	25.6	26.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	7,050	8,500	7,800	7,050	8,500	8,920	8,740	9,100	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,110	8,940	9,260	9,110	8,940	9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,625	825	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,420	2,048,395	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	460	240	220	28.3	29.1	27.5	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	32.7	37.0	28.6	1,301,410	737,105	564,300	31.0	36.0	26.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	54,800	44,800	48,000	54,800	44,800	63,600	69,000	58,000	63,600	69,000	58,000	65,000	71,500	57,600	65,000	71,500	57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,200	63,600	54,800	59,200	63,600	54,800	77,200	85,400	67,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	77,700	86,600	66,000	77,700	86,600	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	485	225	255	29.8	27.3	31.9	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	27.8	26.8	28.7	1,195,830	547,835	647,995	28.5	26.7	30.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	19,200	9,900	16,000	19,200	9,900	18,400	21,000	16,600	18,400	21,000	16,600	19,400	22,400	17,400	19,400	22,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,900	23,200	17,000	19,900	23,200	17,000	29,160	33,960	24,860	29,160	33,960	24,860	30,560	36,160	25,840	30,560	36,160	25,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.0	74.8	68.5	72.0	74.8	68.5	82.2	86.4	76.8	82.2	86.4	76.8	83.2	87.0	78.2	83.2	87.0	78.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.4	58.4	58.4	58.4	58.4	58.4	66.8	70.6	61.7	66.8	70.6	61.7	65.8	69.8	60.4	65.8	69.8	60.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.0	25.1	31.5	28.0	25.1	31.5	17.8	13.7	23.1	17.8	13.7	23.1	16.8	12.9	21.9	16.8	12.9	21.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.7	5.1	4.3	4.7	5.1	4.3	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.1	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.4	7.3	5.7	4.4	7.3	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.6	4.5	7.1	5.6	4.5	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	3.7	5.9	4.6	3.7	5.9	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.5	3.7	5.6	4.5	3.7	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,590	785	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	40	20	25	2.5	2.5	3.1	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	3.6	3.7	3.5	124,155	60,445	63,710	3.0	3.0	3.0
With total income	1,550	765	785	97.5	97.5	97.5	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5	4,076,350	1,987,855	2,088,490	97.0	97.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	45	70	7.7	5.9	8.9	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	8.3	7.4	9.2	385,230	166,325	218,900	9.5	8.4	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	190	70	120	12.3	9.2	15.3	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	11.8	10.1	13.4	474,245	197,530	276,715	11.6	9.9	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	310	140	170	20.0	18.3	21.7	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	15.9	14.1	17.5	627,895	264,860	363,035	15.4	13.3	17.4
$30,000 to $39,999	285	145	135	18.4	19.0	17.2	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	12.7	11.5	13.9	515,780	222,825	292,955	12.7	11.2	14.0
$40,000 to $49,999	255	135	115	16.5	17.6	14.6	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	11.3	10.7	11.8	442,130	198,985	243,150	10.8	10.0	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	150	80	65	9.7	10.5	8.3	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	9.2	9.1	9.2	363,335	172,380	190,950	8.9	8.7	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	90	50	35	5.8	6.5	4.5	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	7.1	7.6	6.6	284,130	149,100	135,030	7.0	7.5	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	60	30	30	3.9	3.9	3.8	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	5.4	6.2	4.7	221,755	125,565	96,190	5.4	6.3	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	45	15	25	2.9	2.0	3.2	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	4.2	4.9	3.6	172,110	101,195	70,915	4.2	5.1	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1.0	1.3	0.6	965,950	553,435	412,510	3.3	3.9	2.8	136,185	81,180	55,005	3.3	4.1	2.6
$100,000 and over	40	35	10	2.6	4.6	1.3	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	10.8	14.5	7.3	453,550	307,905	145,645	11.1	15.5	7.0
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	1.9	2.6	1.3	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	7.2	9.2	5.2	297,440	194,595	102,850	7.3	9.8	4.9
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	3.6	5.3	2.0	156,105	113,310	42,800	3.8	5.7	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,590	785	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	40	20	25	2.5	2.5	3.1	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	3.6	3.6	3.5	121,690	59,120	62,575	2.9	2.9	2.9
With after-tax income	1,550	765	785	97.5	97.5	97.5	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	96.4	96.4	96.5	4,078,810	1,989,185	2,089,630	97.1	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	45	75	8.1	5.9	9.6	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	8.8	7.7	9.8	402,375	172,800	229,575	9.9	8.7	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	195	70	125	12.6	9.2	15.9	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	12.3	10.6	14.0	490,875	204,625	286,255	12.0	10.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	390	185	205	25.2	24.2	26.1	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	18.1	16.2	19.9	705,795	299,550	406,245	17.3	15.1	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	330	170	160	21.3	22.2	20.4	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	15.2	14.2	16.1	593,485	261,620	331,865	14.6	13.2	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	230	135	90	14.8	17.6	11.5	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	13.0	12.8	13.1	502,775	233,645	269,135	12.3	11.7	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	135	70	60	8.7	9.2	7.6	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	9.7	10.3	9.1	387,850	198,895	188,955	9.5	10.0	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	85	35	45	5.5	4.6	5.7	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	6.9	7.8	6.1	283,825	160,510	123,315	7.0	8.1	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	1.6	2.0	1.3	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	4.9	5.7	4.1	207,535	122,690	84,840	5.1	6.2	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	1.0	1.3	0.0	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	3.5	4.1	2.9	150,155	91,640	58,515	3.7	4.6	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	0.3	0.7	0.0	643,700	402,325	241,380	2.2	2.8	1.6	99,015	63,800	35,220	2.4	3.2	1.7
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	1.0	1.3	0.0	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	5.5	7.7	3.3	255,125	179,415	75,715	6.3	9.0	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	0.6	0.7	0.0	792,455	530,970	261,490	2.7	3.7	1.8	127,025	86,835	40,195	3.1	4.4	1.9
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	0.3	0.7	0.0	804,335	578,645	225,695	2.7	4.0	1.5	128,100	92,585	35,515	3.1	4.7	1.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,590	785	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	590	280	310	37.1	35.7	38.5	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	30.4	26.6	33.9	1,314,135	576,965	737,165	31.3	28.2	34.3
With employment income	1,005	505	500	63.2	64.3	62.1	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	69.6	73.4	66.1	2,886,365	1,471,335	1,415,035	68.7	71.8	65.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	115	55	60	11.4	10.9	12.0	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	14.0	13.3	14.7	397,640	182,895	214,745	13.8	12.4	15.2
$5,000 to $9,999	105	45	60	10.4	8.9	12.0	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	8.2	7.0	9.5	234,130	99,970	134,165	8.1	6.8	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	145	85	65	14.4	16.8	13.0	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	11.8	10.3	13.4	339,265	147,650	191,615	11.8	10.0	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	140	65	80	13.9	12.9	16.0	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	9.3	8.3	10.4	266,065	118,485	147,580	9.2	8.1	10.4
$30,000 to $39,999	135	60	75	13.4	11.9	15.0	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	9.0	8.3	9.8	257,235	116,285	140,950	8.9	7.9	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	115	60	60	11.4	11.9	12.0	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	8.8	8.3	9.4	247,550	116,085	131,470	8.6	7.9	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	65	45	25	6.5	8.9	5.0	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	7.8	7.7	7.8	230,030	112,805	117,220	8.0	7.7	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	4.5	5.9	3.0	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	6.5	6.9	6.0	190,470	105,215	85,260	6.6	7.2	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	20	4.5	5.0	4.0	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	5.2	5.8	4.5	154,990	91,615	63,375	5.4	6.2	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	35	10	25	3.5	2.0	5.0	929,490	539,395	390,095	4.4	4.9	3.8	128,265	77,550	50,715	4.4	5.3	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	1.5	3.0	1.0	760,035	439,505	320,530	3.6	4.0	3.1	105,855	64,420	41,430	3.7	4.4	2.9
$100,000 and over	25	25	5	2.5	5.0	1.0	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	11.4	15.1	7.5	334,875	238,370	96,505	11.6	16.2	6.8
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	5.3	6.5	4.1	154,515	102,955	51,560	5.4	7.0	3.6
$125,000 and over	20	10	5	2.0	2.0	1.0	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	6.1	8.6	3.4	180,360	135,420	44,940	6.2	9.2	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,595	785	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,500	2,048,300	2,152,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,520	755	770	95.3	96.2	95.7	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	94.3	94.0	94.5	3,960,225	1,926,690	2,033,535	94.3	94.1	94.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,000	29,600	33,600	38,000	29,600	39,200	45,200	34,000	39,200	45,200	34,000	38,400	46,000	32,800	38,400	46,000	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,525	755	770	95.6	96.2	95.7	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	94.3	94.1	94.6	3,968,465	1,928,380	2,040,085	94.5	94.1	94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,600	27,200	30,600	33,600	27,200	35,200	40,000	31,200	35,200	40,000	31,200	34,800	40,800	30,000	34,800	40,800	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,275	660	615	79.9	84.1	76.4	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	84.7	86.3	83.2	3,614,710	1,784,370	1,830,340	86.1	87.1	85.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	31,600	28,000	29,400	31,600	28,000	36,800	44,000	30,800	36,800	44,000	30,800	36,400	44,800	29,800	36,400	44,800	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,020	515	505	63.9	65.6	62.7	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	70.0	73.6	66.6	2,972,225	1,505,485	1,466,740	70.8	73.5	68.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	29,200	32,400	35,200	29,200	38,000	44,400	32,800	38,000	44,400	32,800	36,800	45,200	30,600	36,800	45,200	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,215	570	645	76.2	72.6	80.1	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	76.5	73.2	79.6	2,715,540	1,173,320	1,542,220	64.6	57.3	71.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	12,800	9,200	10,500	12,800	9,200	4,240	1,960	6,450	4,240	1,960	6,450	5,880	4,520	6,450	5,880	4,520	6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	400	210	190	25.1	26.8	23.6	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	8.0	8.0	8.1	258,710	115,865	142,845	6.2	5.7	6.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,950	8,500	5,880	6,950	8,500	5,880	5,720	5,560	5,960	5,720	5,560	5,960	5,480	5,120	5,800	5,480	5,120	5,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,625	820	805	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	795	770	96.3	97.0	95.7	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	94.3	94.0	94.5	3,959,300	1,926,475	2,032,835	94.3	94.0	94.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,640	46,700	34,400	40,640	46,700	34,400	52,350	61,250	43,800	52,350	61,250	43,800	52,300	62,250	42,880	52,300	62,250	42,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	795	770	96.3	97.0	95.7	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	94.3	94.1	94.6	3,967,440	1,928,070	2,039,370	94.5	94.1	94.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,000	39,300	30,500	35,000	39,300	30,500	42,920	49,000	37,160	42,920	49,000	37,160	43,400	50,520	36,640	43,400	50,520	36,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,320	690	625	81.2	84.1	77.6	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	84.7	86.3	83.2	3,612,845	1,783,870	1,828,980	86.0	87.1	85.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,920	43,400	31,800	37,920	43,400	31,800	51,040	60,800	41,320	51,040	60,800	41,320	51,080	61,850	40,560	51,080	61,850	40,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,075	560	520	66.2	68.3	64.6	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	70.0	73.6	66.6	2,971,405	1,506,375	1,465,035	70.7	73.5	68.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	43,600	32,600	38,400	43,600	32,600	50,560	58,800	41,800	50,560	58,800	41,800	49,120	58,700	39,280	49,120	58,700	39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,250	580	670	76.9	70.7	83.2	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	76.5	73.1	79.6	2,711,365	1,168,975	1,542,390	64.5	57.1	71.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,840	11,960	9,860	10,840	11,960	9,860	7,950	6,990	8,800	7,950	6,990	8,800	8,330	8,200	8,430	8,330	8,200	8,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	380	195	185	23.4	23.8	23.0	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	8.0	7.9	8.1	258,380	115,595	142,790	6.2	5.6	6.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,560	8,700	6,360	7,560	8,700	6,360	7,560	6,880	8,210	7,560	6,880	8,210	7,140	6,310	7,810	7,140	6,310	7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,625	825	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,420	2,048,395	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	455	240	215	28.0	29.1	26.9	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	32.4	36.6	28.3	1,288,260	729,135	559,120	30.7	35.6	26.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	49,200	44,800	48,000	49,200	44,800	60,000	66,000	53,600	60,000	66,000	53,600	60,400	68,000	52,800	60,400	68,000	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,400	63,600	52,400	58,400	63,600	52,400	73,200	81,900	62,250	73,200	81,900	62,250	72,800	82,200	60,600	72,800	82,200	60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	455	215	240	28.0	26.1	30.0	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	26.2	25.3	27.0	1,128,665	516,540	612,120	26.9	25.2	28.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	25,800	17,600	22,400	25,800	17,600	24,200	28,000	21,800	24,200	28,000	21,800	25,200	29,400	22,600	25,200	29,400	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,700	35,200	20,800	27,700	35,200	20,800	35,200	41,280	29,720	35,200	41,280	29,720	36,280	43,320	30,320	36,280	43,320	30,320
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.8	81.2	75.0	78.8	81.2	75.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	89.0	92.0	85.0	89.0	92.0	85.0
Employment income (%)	64.8	66.0	63.6	64.8	66.0	63.6	71.8	75.0	67.2	71.8	75.0	67.2	70.4	73.8	66.0	70.4	73.8	66.0
Government transfers (%)	21.3	18.8	24.8	21.3	18.8	24.8	12.3	8.9	16.9	12.3	8.9	16.9	10.9	8.0	14.9	10.9	8.0	14.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	840	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	245	...	...	...	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	...	...	...	600,705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...	43,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,200	...	...	29,200	...	...	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	590	...	...	...	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	...	...	...	1,441,130	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	840	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...	106,300	...	...	106,300	...	...	108,600	...	...	108,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,400	...	...	67,400	...	...	87,700	...	...	87,700	...	...	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	...	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	...	...	...	600,425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...	53,350	...	...	53,350	...	...	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...	44,360	...	...	44,360	...	...	46,680	...	...	46,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...	...	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	...	...	...	1,441,410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	128,200	...	...	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...	105,700	...	...	105,700	...	...	109,600	...	...	109,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	165,175	...	...	1.1	...	...	30,080	...	...	1.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.6	...	...	91,750	...	...	0.6	...	...	13,160	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1.8	...	...	178,475	...	...	1.2	...	...	19,290	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	274,140	...	...	1.8	...	...	41,735	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	637,695	...	...	4.3	...	...	82,340	...	...	4.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	4.2	...	...	505,875	...	...	3.4	...	...	63,830	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	6.0	...	...	488,735	...	...	3.3	...	...	64,895	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	6.0	...	...	560,950	...	...	3.7	...	...	75,105	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	4.8	...	...	572,650	...	...	3.8	...	...	73,975	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	5.4	...	...	559,155	...	...	3.7	...	...	73,180	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85	...	...	10.1	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	7.3	...	...	144,895	...	...	7.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	80	...	...	9.5	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	7.0	...	...	139,140	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	986,460	...	...	6.6	...	...	131,840	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	5.4	...	...	921,205	...	...	6.2	...	...	122,530	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	5.4	...	...	844,835	...	...	5.6	...	...	112,775	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	22.6	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	40.4	...	...	853,065	...	...	41.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...	9.5	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	11.7	...	...	235,680	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	6.0	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	8.6	...	...	178,970	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	4.2	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	10.3	...	...	221,175	...	...	10.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	20	...	...	2.4	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	9.8	...	...	217,240	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0.6	...	...	186,735	...	...	1.2	...	...	34,265	...	...	1.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	95,195	...	...	0.6	...	...	13,550	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1.8	...	...	183,430	...	...	1.2	...	...	19,930	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	289,545	...	...	1.9	...	...	43,390	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	681,900	...	...	4.6	...	...	86,585	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	6.5	...	...	589,110	...	...	3.9	...	...	72,515	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	5.4	...	...	582,275	...	...	3.9	...	...	74,810	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	6.5	...	...	666,675	...	...	4.5	...	...	85,940	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	6.5	...	...	676,995	...	...	4.5	...	...	85,575	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	4.8	...	...	655,100	...	...	4.4	...	...	85,000	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	12.5	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	8.6	...	...	168,315	...	...	8.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	10.7	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	8.2	...	...	160,070	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	7.1	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	7.6	...	...	149,385	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	6.0	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	6.9	...	...	136,615	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	4.8	...	...	911,515	...	...	6.1	...	...	121,890	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...	16.1	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	31.9	...	...	704,010	...	...	34.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	8.9	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	11.7	...	...	243,560	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	4.2	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	7.7	...	...	167,850	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	12.4	...	...	292,600	...	...	14.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	565	...	...	...	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	...	...	...	1,364,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	285	...	...	...	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	...	...	...	562,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	...	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	...	...	...	561,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	...	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	...	...	...	188,585	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	155	150	...	...	...	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	...	...	...	878,130	426,275	451,855	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	35,600	28,000	31,200	35,600	28,000	38,400	40,000	36,800	38,400	40,000	36,800	39,200	40,800	37,600	39,200	40,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,200	32,400	26,000	29,200	32,400	26,000	34,800	36,000	33,600	34,800	36,000	33,600	36,000	37,200	34,800	36,000	37,200	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	595	...	...	...	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	...	...	...	1,363,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...	91,200	...	...	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...	130,400	...	...	130,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...	108,900	...	...	108,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	...	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	...	...	...	561,775	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...	115,100	...	...	115,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	...	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	...	...	...	563,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	160,600	...	...	161,800	...	...	161,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...	133,800	...	...	133,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	...	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	...	...	...	186,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	59,000	...	...	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	71,800	...	...	71,800	...	...	73,100	...	...	73,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	290	155	135	...	...	...	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	...	...	...	875,470	423,270	452,200	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	45,000	30,800	38,400	45,000	30,800	49,440	52,050	46,880	49,440	52,050	46,880	50,240	53,050	47,600	50,240	53,050	47,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	38,500	28,800	34,000	38,500	28,800	41,560	43,080	40,120	41,560	43,080	40,120	42,720	44,400	41,200	42,720	44,400	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,810	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,800	2,499,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	275	140	130	15.2	15.6	14.2	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	19.8	20.6	19.0	866,210	446,475	419,740	17.6	18.5	16.8
0 to 5 years	85	45	40	4.7	5.0	4.4	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	6.1	6.4	5.9	264,100	135,340	128,760	5.4	5.6	5.2
18 to 64 years	1,105	545	560	61.0	60.6	61.2	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	62.1	62.2	61.9	3,085,015	1,515,740	1,569,280	62.8	62.7	62.8
65 years and over	440	210	225	24.3	23.3	24.6	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	18.1	17.2	19.1	964,710	454,590	510,120	19.6	18.8	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	290	120	170	...	...	...	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	...	...	...	528,870	246,885	281,980	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	25	25	...	...	...	854,565	439,490	415,075	...	...	...	98,830	51,230	47,600	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...	282,315	144,250	138,065	...	...	...	29,460	15,150	14,310	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	130	55	80	...	...	...	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	...	...	...	297,960	141,460	156,505	...	...	...
65 years and over	105	40	65	...	...	...	985,745	391,695	594,050	...	...	...	132,075	54,200	77,875	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	13.2	18.6	15.9	13.2	18.6	11.1	10.5	11.6	11.1	10.5	11.6	10.8	10.2	11.3	10.8	10.2	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	17.0	20.0	18.0	17.0	20.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.4	11.5	11.3	11.4	11.5	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	24.0	12.0	18.0	24.0	12.0	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	11.2	11.2	11.1	11.2	11.2	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	9.6	14.0	11.8	9.6	14.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	9.7	9.4	9.9	9.7	9.3	10.0	9.7	9.3	10.0
65 years and over (%)	24.8	19.5	29.0	24.8	19.5	29.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	15.0	12.7	16.9	13.7	11.9	15.3	13.7	11.9	15.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,825,465	2,371,915	2,453,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	275	145	130	15.2	16.1	14.2	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	19.7	20.5	18.9	848,955	437,500	411,455	17.6	18.4	16.8
0 to 5 years	85	45	40	4.7	5.0	4.4	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	6.1	6.3	5.8	259,060	132,740	126,320	5.4	5.6	5.1
18 to 64 years	1,100	540	560	60.6	60.0	61.2	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	62.1	62.3	62.0	3,033,655	1,490,215	1,543,435	62.9	62.8	62.9
65 years and over	435	215	225	24.0	23.9	24.6	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	18.2	17.3	19.2	942,860	444,195	498,660	19.5	18.7	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	30	30	...	...	...	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	...	...	...	279,035	139,265	139,770	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	...	...	...	319,545	164,490	155,060	...	...	...	44,480	23,070	21,410	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	...	...	...	99,435	50,875	48,560	...	...	...	11,690	6,045	5,640	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	45	25	25	...	...	...	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	...	...	...	201,000	101,455	99,545	...	...	...
65 years and over	5	0	5	...	...	...	199,155	83,010	116,145	...	...	...	33,555	14,740	18,815	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.8	3.2	3.1	2.8	3.2	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.8	5.9	5.7	5.8	5.9	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.0	4.0	3.6	3.0	4.0	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	5.2	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.8	4.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.6	6.8	6.5	6.6	6.8	6.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.6	3.3	3.8	3.6	3.3	3.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,800	2,499,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,215	585	630	66.9	65.0	68.9	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	50.0	48.9	51.1	2,300,730	1,101,130	1,199,605	46.8	45.6	48.0
In bottom decile	235	100	135	12.9	11.1	14.8	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	10.0	9.8	10.2	516,435	247,990	268,445	10.5	10.3	10.7
In second decile	315	150	165	17.4	16.7	18.0	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	10.0	9.5	10.5	444,845	206,090	238,750	9.0	8.5	9.6
In third decile	255	135	120	14.0	15.0	13.1	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	10.0	9.8	10.2	436,965	208,575	228,385	8.9	8.6	9.1
In fourth decile	220	105	110	12.1	11.7	12.0	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	10.0	9.9	10.1	442,745	214,155	228,590	9.0	8.9	9.1
In fifth decile	200	100	100	11.0	11.1	10.9	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	10.0	10.0	10.0	459,740	224,315	235,420	9.4	9.3	9.4
In top half of the distribution	600	310	285	33.1	34.4	31.1	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	50.0	51.1	48.9	2,615,210	1,315,675	1,299,535	53.2	54.4	52.0
In sixth decile	190	105	90	10.5	11.7	9.8	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	10.0	10.1	9.9	475,780	234,975	240,805	9.7	9.7	9.6
In seventh decile	150	75	80	8.3	8.3	8.7	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	10.0	10.1	9.9	494,480	246,315	248,165	10.1	10.2	9.9
In eighth decile	120	65	55	6.6	7.2	6.0	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	10.0	10.2	9.8	518,565	260,640	257,925	10.5	10.8	10.3
In ninth decile	95	50	45	5.2	5.6	4.9	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	10.0	10.3	9.7	550,860	278,965	271,890	11.2	11.5	10.9
In top decile	40	20	20	2.2	2.2	2.2	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	10.0	10.4	9.6	575,535	294,785	280,750	11.7	12.2	11.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,815	...	...	1,815	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	4,915,940	...	...	4,915,940	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.288	...	...	0.288	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.346	...	...	0.346	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.458	...	...	0.458	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.449	...	...	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	165	80	85	9.1	8.9	9.3	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	69.0	69.9	68.1	4,461,290	2,220,225	2,241,070	90.1	91.2	89.0
French only	350	160	190	19.3	17.8	20.8	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	11.2	10.6	11.7	1,785	810	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,300	665	640	71.6	73.9	69.9	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	18.0	18.0	18.0	326,865	146,310	180,565	6.6	6.0	7.2
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	689,725	284,170	405,555	1.9	1.6	2.2	161,720	67,240	94,475	3.3	2.8	3.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	310	155	150	17.1	17.2	16.4	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	75.5	75.8	75.2	4,718,195	2,332,370	2,385,825	95.3	95.8	94.8
French	1,485	735	750	81.8	81.7	82.0	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	21.4	21.3	21.4	56,495	28,130	28,370	1.1	1.2	1.1
English and French	20	10	5	1.1	1.1	0.5	476,175	237,635	238,535	1.3	1.3	1.3	18,145	8,260	9,885	0.4	0.3	0.4
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	673,100	275,685	397,420	1.8	1.5	2.1	158,820	65,825	92,995	3.2	2.7	3.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	1,745	865	885	96.1	96.1	96.7	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	96.0	96.0	95.9	4,761,600	2,343,570	2,418,030	96.2	96.3	96.1
Official languages	1,740	860	880	95.9	95.6	96.2	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	74.5	75.2	73.9	3,382,455	1,699,060	1,683,395	68.3	69.8	66.9
English	285	145	140	15.7	16.1	15.3	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	54.9	55.6	54.3	3,325,035	1,670,420	1,654,615	67.1	68.6	65.7
French	1,455	715	740	80.2	79.4	80.9	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	19.6	19.6	19.6	57,420	28,645	28,780	1.2	1.2	1.1
Non-official languages	10	0	5	0.6	0.0	0.5	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	21.4	20.8	22.0	1,379,145	644,515	734,630	27.9	26.5	29.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0.4	0.4	0.4	5,490	2,600	2,890	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0.3	0.3	0.3	820	390	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0.2	0.2	0.2	630	310	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	620	305	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	300	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	75	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	55	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0.1	0.1	0.1	305	150	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	310	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1	155	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	400	460	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	55	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	235	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	850	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	5	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,560	710	850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,545	705	840	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	280	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	70	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	755	755	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	120	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	440	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	725	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	5	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	5	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	210	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	40	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0.1	0.1	0.1	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	220	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	140	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	85	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	150	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	220	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	520	575	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	510	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	95	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	125	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	120	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	485	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	245	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	515	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	505	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	300	290	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	295	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	155	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	155	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	380	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	180	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	180	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	95	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	90	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	5	0.6	0.0	0.5	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	21.0	20.4	21.6	1,373,655	641,910	731,745	27.7	26.4	29.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	698,355	359,625	338,730	1.9	2.0	1.8	33,195	17,710	15,485	0.7	0.7	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	110	70	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0.1	0.1	0.1	70	45	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,340	1,365	975	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	225	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	1,085	905	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	740	570	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	675	340	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	510	505	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,005	1,025	980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,020	1,085	935	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	165	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,590	805	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	400	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	618,450	320,045	298,405	1.7	1.8	1.6	31,020	16,575	14,450	0.6	0.7	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,685	12,090	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,620	790	835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	508,410	265,350	243,060	1.4	1.5	1.3	22,970	12,330	10,640	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,505	770	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	295	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	405	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,600	805	795	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	550	675	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0.1	0.1	0.0	2,260	1,275	980	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,455	1,310	1,150	0.0	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	235	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	192,985	87,230	105,750	0.5	0.5	0.6	34,145	15,270	18,875	0.7	0.6	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,530	670	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	173,000	78,180	94,820	0.5	0.4	0.5	32,560	14,580	17,985	0.7	0.6	0.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	225	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.5	565,375	238,875	326,500	1.5	1.3	1.8	104,100	42,685	61,415	2.1	1.8	2.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,115	940	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	180	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,215	3,425	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	550	825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,585	1,405	2,175	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	325	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	180	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,895	755	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,325	2,650	3,675	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,080	1,730	2,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	465	640	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	85	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	45	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	990	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,245	580	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	415	425	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	570	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,050	900	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	165	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	461,150	194,805	266,345	1.3	1.1	1.4	82,835	33,800	49,045	1.7	1.4	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	690	935	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	125	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	425	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0.2	0.2	0.2	925	465	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0.1	0.1	0.2	115	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	315	290	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	170	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	280	300	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	244,165	125,180	118,990	0.7	0.7	0.6	13,260	7,225	6,035	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	290	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,050	29,375	24,670	0.1	0.2	0.1	4,740	2,590	2,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,850	75,010	77,845	0.4	0.4	0.4	5,055	2,645	2,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,810	1,650	1,160	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	310	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	170	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	95	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	265	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.5	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	11.3	11.2	11.4	657,345	321,395	335,955	13.3	13.2	13.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,645	850	795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,350	650	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	648,810	297,100	351,710	1.8	1.6	1.9	81,655	37,525	44,135	1.6	1.5	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,065	475	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	250	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	220	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	638,250	292,670	345,580	1.7	1.6	1.9	80,590	37,050	43,540	1.6	1.5	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	325	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,025	960	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,855	2,770	3,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160,170	72,120	88,050	0.4	0.4	0.5	15,810	7,190	8,625	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	197,905	89,100	108,800	0.5	0.5	0.6	28,660	12,825	15,835	0.6	0.5	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	240	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,735	56,900	59,835	0.3	0.3	0.3	16,425	8,055	8,365	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	805	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,805	3,255	3,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,665	3,855	3,815	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,995	945	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	145	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,275	1,475	1,805	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	430	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,705	38,005	46,695	0.2	0.2	0.3	7,120	3,120	4,000	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	235	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	225	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	355	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	410	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	135	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0	463,400	221,365	242,035	1.3	1.2	1.3	84,375	39,695	44,675	1.7	1.6	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	800	775	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	95	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	301,570	142,580	158,990	0.8	0.8	0.9	53,255	24,820	28,435	1.1	1.0	1.1
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	272,865	128,250	144,615	0.7	0.7	0.8	50,695	23,575	27,125	1.0	1.0	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,330	1,130	1,205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0	138,655	67,815	70,840	0.4	0.4	0.4	23,295	11,250	12,040	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,700	1,830	1,870	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0	80,315	39,000	41,310	0.2	0.2	0.2	17,345	8,325	9,020	0.4	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	100	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	650	625	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,580	775	810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,275	9,500	10,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,530	3,465	4,060	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,945	4,750	5,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,700	1,925	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	430	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	720	795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,175	940	1,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	670	660	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,335	45,860	47,470	0.3	0.3	0.3	5,545	2,925	2,625	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	4.5	4.7	4.4	368,635	184,325	184,310	7.4	7.6	7.3
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	3.7	3.9	3.6	306,465	153,205	153,260	6.2	6.3	6.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,580	45,160	42,425	0.2	0.3	0.2	4,765	2,640	2,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,985	73,335	65,655	0.4	0.4	0.4	8,250	4,130	4,120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,825	79,585	73,240	0.4	0.4	0.4	32,390	16,270	16,120	0.7	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	510	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	395	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	50	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	145	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	840	770	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,725	900	825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,775	940	835	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,125	615	510	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	325	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	666,585	341,515	325,065	1.8	1.9	1.8	240,865	119,945	120,915	4.9	4.9	4.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	155	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,935	960	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235,290	118,540	116,755	0.6	0.7	0.6	12,210	6,195	6,015	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	325	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300,555	150,160	150,390	0.8	0.8	0.8	62,135	31,100	31,030	1.3	1.3	1.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	305	250	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,775	1,510	1,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	85	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,520	10,170	9,355	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,365	760	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	262,625	130,180	132,440	0.7	0.7	0.7	57,700	28,670	29,030	1.2	1.2	1.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,005	2,965	3,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	179,425	89,070	90,360	0.5	0.5	0.5	46,395	23,045	23,355	0.9	0.9	0.9
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,295	2,665	2,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	425	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	165	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	3.3	3.2	3.3	113,685	55,180	58,505	2.3	2.3	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	470	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	115	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	319,505	154,295	165,205	0.9	0.9	0.9	19,805	10,000	9,800	0.4	0.4	0.4
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240,680	115,235	125,450	0.7	0.6	0.7	24,320	11,490	12,840	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,160	44,185	48,975	0.3	0.2	0.3	8,775	4,250	4,525	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	538,870	259,500	279,375	1.5	1.4	1.5	60,465	29,260	31,205	1.2	1.2	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	610	550	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	195	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0.1	0.1	0.2	22,030	7,135	14,895	0.4	0.3	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170,400	77,075	93,325	0.5	0.4	0.5	59,935	26,815	33,125	1.2	1.1	1.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	800	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	185	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	108,295	52,850	55,440	0.3	0.3	0.3	4,910	2,455	2,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	300	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,855	1,000	860	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,685	745	940	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	1,030	920	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	400	415	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,890	885	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	320	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	150	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	245	275	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	260	260	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	365	325	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	920	420	500	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	170	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	315	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	200	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	520	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	495	535	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	305	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	360	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	215	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,865	1,000	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	515	570	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	120	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	305	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	560	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	500	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	520	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	555	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	3.6	3.3	3.8	419,855	189,740	230,115	8.5	7.8	9.1
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	3.5	3.3	3.8	417,290	188,495	228,795	8.4	7.7	9.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,080	895	1,185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	679,255	310,750	368,510	1.9	1.7	2.0	205,205	91,455	113,750	4.1	3.8	4.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	665	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,780	5,240	6,540	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,200	1,405	1,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	553,380	255,540	297,835	1.5	1.4	1.6	192,140	88,195	103,945	3.9	3.6	4.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,560	1,155	1,405	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	295	330	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,485	1,205	1,280	0.1	0.0	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	485	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	345	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	305	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	305	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	215	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	445	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	285	295	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0.1	0.0	0.1	4,395	1,380	3,015	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	525	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,170	800	2,365	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	165	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,520	28,385	25,135	0.1	0.2	0.1	6,055	3,325	2,730	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	345	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	540	230	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	40	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,190	23,615	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,765	2,685	2,080	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	660	690	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	120	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,805	890	920	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,150	530	620	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	65	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,275	5,160	6,115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	235	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,005	1,240	1,760	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,700	3,685	4,015	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	540	520	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	65	35	30	3.6	3.9	3.3	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	4.0	4.0	4.1	190,055	91,010	99,040	3.8	3.7	3.9
English and French	65	35	25	3.6	3.9	2.7	291,325	142,420	148,905	0.8	0.8	0.8	17,320	8,415	8,905	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	921,480	450,685	470,800	2.5	2.5	2.5	150,730	72,755	77,980	3.0	3.0	3.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,395	1,135	1,260	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,960	1,335	1,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,095	42,330	49,765	0.3	0.2	0.3	16,645	7,375	9,270	0.3	0.3	0.4
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	290	145	140	16.0	16.1	15.3	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	57.1	57.7	56.6	3,491,395	1,745,260	1,746,140	70.5	71.7	69.4
French	1,315	640	670	72.5	71.1	73.2	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	17.6	17.7	17.6	11,050	5,420	5,625	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	6.6	6.3	6.8	464,235	216,230	248,005	9.4	8.9	9.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0.1	0.1	0.1	645	320	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	6.4	6.2	6.7	463,590	215,910	247,685	9.4	8.9	9.8
English and French	210	110	105	11.6	12.2	11.5	953,760	465,560	488,205	2.6	2.6	2.6	42,645	19,975	22,670	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	13.2	13.0	13.4	880,090	419,520	460,570	17.8	17.2	18.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395,320	188,195	207,125	1.1	1.0	1.1	1,065	480	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	455,760	217,995	237,770	1.2	1.2	1.3	21,610	9,790	11,820	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,320	93,165	107,155	0.5	0.5	0.6	39,565	17,910	21,660	0.8	0.7	0.9
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	1,770	875	895	97.5	97.2	97.8	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	95.7	95.8	95.7	4,753,615	2,340,025	2,413,590	96.0	96.1	95.9
Official languages	1,770	875	895	97.5	97.2	97.8	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	83.1	83.4	82.7	3,906,070	1,939,330	1,966,740	78.9	79.7	78.1
English	335	170	165	18.5	18.9	18.0	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	63.8	64.2	63.5	3,888,825	1,930,925	1,957,900	78.5	79.3	77.8
French	1,435	705	725	79.1	78.3	79.2	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	19.2	19.3	19.2	17,245	8,400	8,845	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	12.7	12.4	12.9	847,550	400,695	446,850	17.1	16.5	17.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,215	595	615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0.1	0.1	0.1	130	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	495	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0.1	0.1	0.1	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0.1	0.1	0.1	100	45	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	300	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	305	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,455	730	725	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	430	405	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0.1	0.1	0.1	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	260	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	235	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	390	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	220	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	420	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0.1	0.1	0.1	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	120	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	115	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	12.4	12.1	12.7	846,335	400,100	446,235	17.1	16.4	17.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395,840	197,010	198,830	1.1	1.1	1.1	19,805	10,000	9,805	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	455	380	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	155	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	425	410	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	330	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	95	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,150	570	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,645	890	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0.1	0.1	0.1	930	455	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	215	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	352,790	176,270	176,520	1.0	1.0	1.0	18,605	9,405	9,195	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	345	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285,915	143,650	142,260	0.8	0.8	0.8	13,845	6,995	6,850	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,110	545	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	290	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	605	615	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	305	380	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	535	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	360	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,810	975	840	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	135	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	127,730	58,660	69,070	0.3	0.3	0.4	21,705	9,915	11,790	0.4	0.4	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	780	360	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,785	53,735	63,055	0.3	0.3	0.3	20,890	9,535	11,350	0.4	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	160	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	326,245	149,550	176,700	0.9	0.8	1.0	54,720	24,615	30,105	1.1	1.0	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	370	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	260	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,735	780	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	390	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,280	1,480	1,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	675	700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	265	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	45	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	150	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	370	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	165	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	205	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	145	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	195	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	310	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	55	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275,045	125,870	149,170	0.8	0.7	0.8	45,380	20,305	25,080	0.9	0.8	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	325	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	175	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0.1	0.1	0.1	430	200	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0.1	0.1	0.1	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	125	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	150	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	135	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	395	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	169,705	85,265	84,440	0.5	0.5	0.5	8,005	4,180	3,825	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	125	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,390	19,010	16,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,890	1,545	1,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,335	54,240	58,095	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,185	1,585	1,595	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,645	895	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	120	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	730	610	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	6.2	6.2	6.2	364,340	179,590	184,745	7.4	7.4	7.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0.0	0.0	0.0	690	345	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1	675	315	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	303,480	143,495	159,985	0.8	0.8	0.9	33,875	16,185	17,690	0.7	0.7	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	115	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	395	485	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,615	720	895	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	70	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300,985	142,375	158,610	0.8	0.8	0.9	33,650	16,070	17,580	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	430	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	875	890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,250	2,470	2,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,780	59,290	66,490	0.3	0.3	0.4	16,090	7,655	8,435	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	155	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,745	3,270	3,480	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	345	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	885	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,010	1,990	2,015	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	315	325	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	510	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	595	785	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,630	755	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	295	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	165	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140,450	68,575	71,875	0.4	0.4	0.4	12,280	5,870	6,410	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	110	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,805	3,690	4,115	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,320	3,455	3,865	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	870	875	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	230	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,710	16,730	16,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,785	1,850	1,930	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,725	850	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,485	720	770	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	240	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	215	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	920	1,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	320	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	105	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	125	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	435	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	145	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	740	355	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,915	900	1,015	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	3.2	3.3	3.1	263,030	130,695	132,330	5.3	5.4	5.3
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	962,820	490,815	472,000	2.6	2.7	2.5	220,735	110,140	110,605	4.5	4.5	4.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,720	1,410	1,305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0.3	0.3	0.2	4,160	2,050	2,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,930	47,555	44,375	0.3	0.3	0.2	17,670	8,855	8,815	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	455	185	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	130	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	415	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0.0	0.0	0.0	780	400	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	570	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	420	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	275	250	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	145	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520,390	266,775	253,610	1.4	1.5	1.4	184,065	91,825	92,240	3.7	3.8	3.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	940	445	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	158,040	78,420	79,615	0.4	0.4	0.4	8,235	4,095	4,135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,015	1,040	975	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	145	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,420	99,545	104,875	0.6	0.6	0.6	42,285	20,560	21,725	0.9	0.8	0.9
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	900	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	490	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0.5	0.5	0.5	39,475	19,095	20,375	0.8	0.8	0.8
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,690	1,785	1,900	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0.3	0.3	0.3	32,375	15,665	16,710	0.7	0.6	0.7
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,405	1,640	1,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	250	225	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	70	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	577,735	273,965	303,770	1.6	1.5	1.6	51,830	25,240	26,590	1.0	1.0	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	185	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,755	38,750	54,005	0.3	0.2	0.3	4,475	1,930	2,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,730	56,685	62,045	0.3	0.3	0.3	12,670	6,055	6,615	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,620	1,740	1,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	317,365	155,005	162,360	0.9	0.9	0.9	30,960	15,455	15,500	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	95	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,220	4,190	6,035	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,525	58,250	67,275	0.3	0.3	0.4	45,525	20,925	24,600	0.9	0.9	1.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	505	545	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,485	705	780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	150	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	225	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	665	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	115	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	260	295	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	770	765	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	655	860	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	480	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	145	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	175	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,945	1,040	910	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	485	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	295	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,465	705	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,720	970	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	790	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	830	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	180	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	967,965	450,210	517,755	2.6	2.5	2.8	310,860	141,235	169,630	6.3	5.8	6.7
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	955,685	444,115	511,565	2.6	2.5	2.8	309,165	140,385	168,780	6.2	5.8	6.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	270	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530,945	249,675	281,270	1.4	1.4	1.5	162,130	73,835	88,295	3.3	3.0	3.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	370	405	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,285	2,850	3,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	930	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	393,430	180,000	213,435	1.1	1.0	1.2	136,525	61,785	74,745	2.8	2.5	3.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,455	650	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,665	830	835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	325	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	320	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	270	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	240	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	225	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	130	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	225	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	135	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	655	915	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	235	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	390	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	85	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,030	1,540	1,490	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	140	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,500	1,290	1,205	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	420	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	470	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,375	1,100	1,280	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	245	370	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	825	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	210	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,815	855	955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	20	20	2.5	2.2	2.2	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	4.3	4.2	4.3	198,040	94,560	103,480	4.0	3.9	4.1
English and French	45	20	20	2.5	2.2	2.2	230,955	112,070	118,880	0.6	0.6	0.6	7,210	3,415	3,800	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	3.1	3.0	3.1	183,010	87,560	95,445	3.7	3.6	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0.3	0.3	0.4	535	245	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,525	735	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,760	2,605	3,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,951,660	2,434,585	2,517,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,645	815	830	90.6	90.6	90.7	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	84.8	85.1	84.5	4,130,200	2,045,235	2,084,970	83.4	84.0	82.8
English	120	60	60	6.6	6.7	6.6	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	5.3	5.4	5.3	304,845	147,605	157,245	6.2	6.1	6.2
French	45	20	20	2.5	2.2	2.2	571,040	268,530	302,510	1.6	1.5	1.6	34,575	15,995	18,575	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official language	5	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.5	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	6.1	5.9	6.3	379,250	176,935	202,310	7.7	7.3	8.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,140	2,360	2,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	5	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.5	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	6.0	5.8	6.2	374,105	174,580	199,525	7.6	7.2	7.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,740	1,245	1,490	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	323,845	161,995	161,850	0.9	0.9	0.9	46,940	22,760	24,175	0.9	0.9	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,565	61,575	72,995	0.4	0.3	0.4	11,880	5,335	6,550	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	300	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	234,905	115,470	119,430	0.6	0.6	0.6	40,580	19,180	21,395	0.8	0.8	0.8
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	98.1	98.4	97.8	4,754,865	2,350,105	2,404,760	96.7	97.2	96.2
English	1,470	750	725	81.0	83.3	79.2	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	87.1	87.9	86.2	4,753,275	2,349,445	2,403,835	96.7	97.2	96.2
French	1,700	840	865	93.7	93.3	94.5	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	29.1	28.5	29.6	327,350	145,985	181,370	6.7	6.0	7.3
Non-official languages	20	15	0	1.1	1.7	0.0	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	29.5	28.7	30.3	1,780,325	838,795	941,525	36.2	34.7	37.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0.7	0.6	0.7	16,560	7,740	8,820	0.3	0.3	0.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0.5	0.4	0.5	1,985	885	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0.3	0.3	0.3	1,450	675	775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,425	660	770	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	450	445	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	25	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	195	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0.2	0.2	0.2	745	360	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	525	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	15	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	420	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	440	175	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	895	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0.1	0.1	0.1	400	160	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,035	875	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	80	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0.1	0.1	0.1	275	115	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,540	1,580	1,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,490	1,570	1,920	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	680	870	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	675	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	100	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	95	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	115	180	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	355	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,210	620	590	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	265	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	125	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	130	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	140	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	40	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	40	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	395	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	120	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	140	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	120	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	75	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	90	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	80	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0.1	0.1	0.1	205	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	505	630	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	145	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0.1	0.1	0.1	175	90	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,055	880	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	95	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	655	950	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,905	850	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	100	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,145	2,450	2,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	670	745	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,400	665	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	285	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	285	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	300	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	270	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	510	580	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	475	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	165	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	130	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	320	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	690	315	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	190	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	155	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	195	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	715	810	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	470	455	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	180	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,610	1,310	1,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	555	580	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	545	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,110	595	515	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	585	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	455	205	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,145	965	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	145	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	170	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	160	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	355	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	790	335	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	315	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	300	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	310	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	165	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	405	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	140	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	15	0	0.8	1.7	0.0	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	28.9	28.1	29.6	1,764,475	831,400	933,075	35.9	34.4	37.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	3.0	3.2	2.9	50,895	27,105	23,785	1.0	1.1	1.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0.1	0.1	0.1	235	140	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0.1	0.1	0.1	140	90	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	750	575	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	155	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	135	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	1,040	965	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,745	1,470	1,275	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	280	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,215	1,180	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,400	760	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	2.8	2.9	2.7	48,405	25,830	22,570	1.0	1.1	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,100	1,605	1,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	838,045	436,510	401,540	2.3	2.4	2.2	35,595	19,250	16,355	0.7	0.8	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,270	1,165	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0.1	0.1	0.1	895	495	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	510	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	190	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,000	925	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,995	3,570	3,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	130	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,435	1,890	1,550	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	1,065	695	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260,030	120,035	139,995	0.7	0.7	0.8	44,030	19,965	24,070	0.9	0.8	1.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,210	1,020	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	232,800	107,435	125,355	0.6	0.6	0.7	41,975	19,020	22,950	0.9	0.8	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	455	455	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	793,275	336,445	456,840	2.2	1.9	2.5	148,455	61,285	87,165	3.0	2.5	3.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	370	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	655	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,045	13,790	19,250	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,995	2,485	3,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	900	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,020	500	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0.0	0.0	0.1	3,135	1,215	1,920	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0.2	0.1	0.2	11,285	4,555	6,725	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0.1	0.0	0.1	6,810	3,175	3,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	770	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	115	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	345	510	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	70	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,565	785	780	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,485	1,665	1,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	675	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	375	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	737,565	310,735	426,830	2.0	1.7	2.3	133,780	54,495	79,285	2.7	2.3	3.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	360	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,590	1,580	2,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0.5	0.5	0.5	3,230	1,610	1,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0.4	0.3	0.4	470	225	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	870	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,070	520	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,535	785	750	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	835	450	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	280	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	359,485	185,160	174,325	1.0	1.0	0.9	20,585	11,060	9,530	0.4	0.5	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,615	885	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,910	42,025	35,890	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,765	3,705	3,060	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	237,890	119,570	118,320	0.7	0.7	0.6	9,740	5,125	4,610	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0.2	0.2	0.1	4,860	2,760	2,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	935	835	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	450	520	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	140	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	365	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0.8	1.1	0.0	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	16.1	16.0	16.2	906,560	443,600	462,960	18.4	18.4	18.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,195	1,045	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,600	765	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820,305	384,390	435,915	2.3	2.1	2.4	101,395	47,765	53,630	2.1	2.0	2.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,480	695	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	330	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	365	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	809,985	380,025	429,960	2.2	2.1	2.3	100,340	47,265	53,075	2.0	2.0	2.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	140	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,475	1,190	1,285	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,935	3,815	4,115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0.1	0.1	0.1	505	260	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0.6	0.5	0.6	19,640	9,130	10,510	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	309,235	145,375	163,860	0.9	0.8	0.9	42,390	19,800	22,590	0.9	0.8	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	345	330	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0.4	0.4	0.4	21,625	10,790	10,835	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,150	1,540	1,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,060	5,345	5,715	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,070	5,640	5,425	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	255	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,315	1,945	2,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,280	585	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	131,655	59,230	72,425	0.4	0.3	0.4	12,205	5,430	6,775	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,675	1,430	1,245	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,665	920	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	290	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	495	415	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	100	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	658,705	319,800	338,905	1.8	1.8	1.8	128,605	60,765	67,835	2.6	2.5	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	210	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	453,995	222,215	231,780	1.2	1.2	1.3	86,275	41,190	45,085	1.8	1.7	1.8
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	419,195	204,840	214,355	1.2	1.1	1.2	84,325	40,275	44,050	1.7	1.7	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,030	1,415	1,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0.1	0.1	0.1	480	225	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0.5	0.5	0.5	34,480	16,520	17,965	0.7	0.7	0.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,755	5,050	4,705	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,380	10,375	12,005	0.5	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	175	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	640	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,180	1,055	1,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	200	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,425	5,520	6,910	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,950	2,235	2,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	685	790	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	130	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,125	1,420	1,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,730	2,125	2,610	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	720	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	135	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0.4	0.4	0.4	9,005	4,630	4,375	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	6.2	6.5	6.0	477,485	240,310	237,175	9.7	9.9	9.5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	5.3	5.5	5.1	406,375	204,750	201,625	8.3	8.5	8.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	590	565	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0.3	0.3	0.3	6,565	3,480	3,080	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	209,415	110,000	99,405	0.6	0.6	0.5	14,340	7,060	7,280	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	761,425	395,410	366,015	2.1	2.2	2.0	134,950	67,645	67,300	2.7	2.8	2.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,925	1,295	1,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	965	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	95	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	400	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,555	1,910	1,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,445	1,270	1,180	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	90	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	925	785	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	755	795	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	942,170	488,075	454,090	2.6	2.7	2.5	315,000	158,625	156,375	6.4	6.6	6.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	345	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	350	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,440	1,630	1,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	414,870	211,895	202,975	1.1	1.2	1.1	25,780	13,590	12,190	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,645	855	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370,520	186,750	183,770	1.0	1.0	1.0	73,745	37,010	36,730	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	565	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	85	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,875	2,110	1,760	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	535	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	115	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,645	1,545	1,105	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0.9	0.9	0.9	68,960	34,500	34,460	1.4	1.4	1.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,235	4,005	4,230	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0.6	0.6	0.6	55,745	27,930	27,815	1.1	1.2	1.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,780	2,995	2,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	970	855	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	135	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,245	895	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	135	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	5.7	5.4	5.9	211,725	100,750	110,975	4.3	4.2	4.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	270	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	547,655	263,950	283,705	1.5	1.5	1.5	36,370	17,200	19,170	0.7	0.7	0.8
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	336,865	164,985	171,880	0.9	0.9	0.9	33,005	16,050	16,955	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0.3	0.3	0.3	11,210	5,470	5,745	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	3.2	3.1	3.4	143,900	68,245	75,660	2.9	2.8	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	380	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,965	1,025	940	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0.3	0.2	0.3	41,835	17,590	24,240	0.9	0.7	1.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	203,885	92,275	111,605	0.6	0.5	0.6	69,935	31,335	38,600	1.4	1.3	1.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	250	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	267,520	131,495	136,025	0.7	0.7	0.7	13,290	6,795	6,495	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,365	695	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	155	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	125	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	205	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	750	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	35	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0.1	0.1	0.0	980	485	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	280	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0.1	0.1	0.1	475	260	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	585	490	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	130	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	345	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	650	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,305	580	725	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,205	2,735	2,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	95	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,815	935	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,275	1,215	1,060	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	315	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,490	685	805	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	235	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0.1	0.1	0.2	7,965	3,150	4,815	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,020	2,700	4,320	0.1	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	515	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	4.3	4.0	4.5	491,660	225,430	266,230	10.0	9.3	10.7
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	4.2	4.0	4.4	488,465	223,825	264,650	9.9	9.3	10.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,615	1,645	1,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	987,300	452,995	534,305	2.7	2.5	2.9	312,625	140,985	171,640	6.4	5.8	6.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,825	840	980	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	90	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0.1	0.1	0.2	24,065	10,615	13,450	0.5	0.4	0.5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,760	2,020	2,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	724,925	335,185	389,740	2.0	1.9	2.1	246,045	112,580	133,465	5.0	4.7	5.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,215	1,025	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	560	625	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	135	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,375	1,710	1,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,730	870	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	520	620	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	130	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	375	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	340	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	395	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	320	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	890	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	150	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	540	680	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,725	2,635	4,085	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,635	735	900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,310	1,960	3,350	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	330	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,375	47,575	43,800	0.3	0.3	0.2	10,910	5,605	5,305	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,665	880	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	600	815	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	70	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,500	41,130	37,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	9,230	4,805	4,425	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,660	790	875	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	115	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	135	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	980	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	125	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0.2	0.2	0.2	13,510	6,345	7,165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	310	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,635	1,675	1,960	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0.2	0.2	0.2	9,230	4,395	4,840	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	285	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,810	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	125	75	50	6.9	8.3	5.5	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	5.0	4.9	5.1	290,210	141,210	148,995	5.9	5.8	6.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	115	75	45	6.4	8.3	4.9	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	4.8	4.7	4.9	279,670	136,400	143,265	5.7	5.6	5.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	30	15	15	1.7	1.7	1.6	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	2.9	2.8	2.9	180,085	87,860	92,225	3.7	3.6	3.7
Métis	90	60	30	5.0	6.7	3.3	624,220	306,220	318,000	1.7	1.7	1.7	97,860	47,745	50,120	2.0	2.0	2.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,720	795	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,980	2,730	3,245	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,560	2,075	2,485	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	1,695	825	860	93.6	91.7	94.5	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	95.0	95.1	94.9	4,625,735	2,275,675	2,350,060	94.1	94.2	94.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,810	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0	831,720	402,310	429,405	2.3	2.2	2.3	136,875	66,610	70,265	2.8	2.8	2.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,800	895	905	99.4	99.4	99.5	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	97.7	97.8	97.7	4,779,065	2,350,275	2,428,790	97.2	97.2	97.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	745	...	...	88.7	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	66.5	...	...	1,363,190	...	...	66.8	...	...
Renter	95	...	...	11.3	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	33.1	...	...	669,450	...	...	32.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0.5	...	...	9,190	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	15.0	...	...	482,755	...	...	23.6	...	...
Not condominium	815	...	...	97.0	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	85.0	...	...	1,559,075	...	...	76.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	132,060	...	...	0.9	...	...	30,855	...	...	1.5	...	...
1 bedroom	50	...	...	6.0	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	14.2	...	...	354,020	...	...	17.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	260	...	...	31.0	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	25.6	...	...	569,180	...	...	27.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	370	...	...	44.0	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	33.3	...	...	539,910	...	...	26.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	160	...	...	19.0	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	26.1	...	...	547,870	...	...	26.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	115	...	...	13.7	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	31.1	...	...	766,380	...	...	37.5	...	...
5 rooms	210	...	...	25.0	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	15.5	...	...	300,895	...	...	14.7	...	...
6 rooms	150	...	...	17.9	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	13.6	...	...	248,045	...	...	12.1	...	...
7 rooms	135	...	...	16.1	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	12.0	...	...	205,105	...	...	10.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	220	...	...	26.2	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	27.8	...	...	521,410	...	...	25.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	835	...	...	99.4	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	97.6	...	...	1,984,655	...	...	97.2	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	353,715	...	...	2.4	...	...	57,180	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	825	...	...	98.2	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	94.6	...	...	1,919,140	...	...	94.0	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	805,650	...	...	5.4	...	...	122,700	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	155	...	...	18.5	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	20.2	...	...	256,175	...	...	12.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	325	...	...	38.7	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	27.9	...	...	550,690	...	...	27.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	190	...	...	22.6	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	13.2	...	...	289,940	...	...	14.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	105	...	...	12.5	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	12.1	...	...	336,315	...	...	16.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	2.4	...	...	959,860	...	...	6.4	...	...	122,855	...	...	6.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	6.9	...	...	164,165	...	...	8.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	967,540	...	...	6.5	...	...	135,725	...	...	6.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	1.2	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	6.9	...	...	185,965	...	...	9.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	765	...	...	91.1	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	93.9	...	...	1,922,640	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	8.9	...	...	919,545	...	...	6.1	...	...	119,195	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	420	...	...	50.0	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	51.1	...	...	1,003,245	...	...	49.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	385	...	...	45.8	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	44.3	...	...	904,960	...	...	44.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	30	...	...	3.6	...	...	687,485	...	...	4.6	...	...	133,630	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	1.8	...	...	424,695	...	...	2.8	...	...	57,980	...	...	2.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	13.9	...	...	282,195	...	...	13.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	125	...	...	14.9	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	17.4	...	...	343,380	...	...	16.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	115	...	...	13.7	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	17.7	...	...	354,340	...	...	17.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	225	...	...	26.8	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	20.3	...	...	407,735	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	185	...	...	22.0	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	16.2	...	...	347,335	...	...	17.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	90	...	...	10.7	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	8.6	...	...	182,155	...	...	8.9	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	457,900	...	...	3.1	...	...	66,710	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,988,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	775	...	...	92.3	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	79.1	...	...	1,481,365	...	...	74.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	20.9	...	...	506,850	...	...	25.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	18.7	...	...	434,390	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	840	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,041,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	150	...	...	17.9	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	29.2	...	...	683,985	...	...	33.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	7.1	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	18.2	...	...	451,550	...	...	22.1	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	1.8	...	...	595,110	...	...	4.0	...	...	89,300	...	...	4.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	65	...	...	7.7	...	...	645,465	...	...	4.3	...	...	80,200	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	135,770	...	...	0.9	...	...	23,945	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	199,355	...	...	1.3	...	...	29,585	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	64,095	...	...	0.4	...	...	7,640	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0.1	...	...	1,770	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	695	...	...	82.7	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	70.8	...	...	1,357,845	...	...	66.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	835	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,915,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	3.0	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	10.1	...	...	257,090	...	...	13.4	...	...
Not in core need	810	...	...	97.0	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	89.9	...	...	1,658,665	...	...	86.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	740	...	...	...	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	...	...	...	1,330,795	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.6	...	...	46.6	...	...	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	57.5	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...	19.3	...	...	19.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	536	...	...	536	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,320	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	688	...	...	688	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,668	...	...	1,668	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	785,000	...	...	785,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	121,200	...	...	121,200	...	...	618,500	...	...	618,500	...	...	983,000	...	...	983,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	100	...	...	...	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	...	...	...	663,870	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...	11.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	25.0	...	...	33.2	...	...	33.2	...	...	37.8	...	...	37.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	24.7	...	...	24.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	568	...	...	568	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	530	...	...	530	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,494	...	...	1,494	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...	69,130	...	...	...	...	...	9,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	284	...	...	368	...	...	368	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	327	...	...	446	...	...	446	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,815	905	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	50	30	20	2.8	3.3	2.2	985,200	480,950	504,245	2.7	2.7	2.7	120,245	59,370	60,880	2.4	2.5	2.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	50	30	20	2.8	3.3	2.2	963,705	470,850	492,855	2.7	2.6	2.7	118,210	58,475	59,730	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	10	10	1.4	1.1	1.1	763,230	371,400	391,825	2.1	2.1	2.1	100,805	49,745	51,060	2.1	2.1	2.0
Métis single ancestry	25	20	10	1.4	2.2	1.1	146,010	72,680	73,325	0.4	0.4	0.4	16,830	8,485	8,350	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0.1	0.1	0.2	570	245	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,040	890	1,145	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,870	830	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,070	530	535	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	15	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	70	25	40	3.9	2.8	4.4	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	3.4	3.3	3.4	191,640	92,300	99,335	3.9	3.8	4.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	70	25	40	3.9	2.8	4.4	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	3.3	3.2	3.3	184,975	89,155	95,825	3.8	3.7	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	25	1.9	1.7	2.7	801,630	384,550	417,075	2.2	2.1	2.3	123,735	59,635	64,100	2.5	2.5	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	20	1.9	1.7	2.2	362,130	174,975	187,150	1.0	1.0	1.0	59,905	28,840	31,070	1.2	1.2	1.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,330	680	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,665	3,145	3,515	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,390	3,035	3,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	60	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	500	505	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	125	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,695	845	855	93.4	93.4	93.4	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	93.9	94.1	93.8	4,604,055	2,265,220	2,338,840	93.7	93.7	93.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,810	900	910	99.7	100.0	99.5	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	91.2	91.2	91.3	4,359,045	2,149,325	2,209,725	88.7	88.9	88.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	240	100	140	13.2	11.1	15.3	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	18.7	19.4	17.9	812,305	418,815	393,495	16.5	17.3	15.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,565	800	765	86.2	88.9	83.6	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	72.6	71.8	73.3	3,546,745	1,730,505	1,816,235	72.1	71.6	72.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	8.8	8.8	8.7	556,895	267,560	289,330	11.3	11.1	11.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,795	890	905	98.9	98.9	98.9	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	74.4	75.0	73.8	3,319,230	1,663,815	1,655,410	67.5	68.8	66.2
Immigrants⁸¹	20	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.1	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	23.0	22.2	23.8	1,425,710	665,630	760,085	29.0	27.5	30.4
Before 1980	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.1	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	4.2	4.1	4.4	280,160	133,415	146,745	5.7	5.5	5.9
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	924,320	443,805	480,520	2.5	2.5	2.6	164,445	76,815	87,630	3.3	3.2	3.5
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	4.2	3.9	4.4	299,115	137,275	161,840	6.1	5.7	6.5
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	5.3	5.1	5.5	316,915	145,825	171,090	6.4	6.0	6.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	6.8	6.6	6.9	365,075	172,295	192,780	7.4	7.1	7.7
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	3.1	3.0	3.2	167,650	78,200	89,450	3.4	3.2	3.6
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	3.7	3.6	3.7	197,425	94,095	103,325	4.0	3.9	4.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	924,850	499,490	425,365	2.5	2.8	2.3	171,000	87,440	83,560	3.5	3.6	3.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	20	10	10	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,425,715	665,630	760,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	748,265	377,795	370,470	8.9	9.5	8.4	117,555	59,560	57,995	8.2	8.9	7.6
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	50.0	100.0	0.0	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	17.2	18.4	16.1	226,910	116,660	110,250	15.9	17.5	14.5
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	50.0	0.0	100.0	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	19.1	18.1	19.9	275,435	124,860	150,575	19.3	18.8	19.8
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	45.2	44.8	45.6	639,200	288,950	350,255	44.8	43.4	46.1
45 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	797,180	364,260	432,920	9.5	9.2	9.9	166,605	75,600	91,010	11.7	11.4	12.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	20	10	10	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,425,715	665,630	760,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	14.4	13.7	15.0	126,075	58,445	67,635	8.8	8.8	8.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0.6	0.6	0.6	8,765	4,120	4,645	0.6	0.6	0.6
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,570	36,675	43,900	1.0	0.9	1.0	5,450	2,440	3,010	0.4	0.4	0.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0.6	0.6	0.6	5,770	2,990	2,780	0.4	0.4	0.4
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,530	37,870	47,660	1.0	1.0	1.1	1,400	585	815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,945	44,585	55,360	1.2	1.1	1.3	490	285	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,360	63,430	81,925	1.7	1.6	1.9	4,295	2,190	2,105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,585	42,215	48,370	1.1	1.1	1.1	13,385	5,910	7,480	0.9	0.9	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,510	1,535	1,975	0.2	0.2	0.3
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0.8	0.7	0.8	2,725	1,255	1,470	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	15	10	0	75.0	100.0	0.0	256,090	115,380	140,705	3.1	2.9	3.2	59,920	27,535	32,380	4.2	4.1	4.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250,760	116,305	134,460	3.0	2.9	3.1	20,355	9,600	10,760	1.4	1.4	1.4
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	23.5	24.0	23.1	307,495	151,050	156,445	21.6	22.7	20.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0.4	0.4	0.4	4,510	2,205	2,305	0.3	0.3	0.3
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0.4	0.5	0.4	5,390	2,670	2,725	0.4	0.4	0.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	121,525	63,845	57,685	1.5	1.6	1.3	7,025	3,650	3,380	0.5	0.5	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	126,470	60,560	65,915	1.5	1.5	1.5	30,910	14,710	16,200	2.2	2.2	2.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0.7	0.7	0.6	3,350	1,895	1,460	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4	5,115	2,395	2,720	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,065	101,445	102,625	2.4	2.6	2.3	13,410	6,920	6,490	0.9	1.0	0.9
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0.9	1.0	0.8	16,070	7,985	8,085	1.1	1.2	1.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135,030	60,660	74,370	1.6	1.5	1.7	14,305	6,610	7,700	1.0	1.0	1.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,795	62,880	65,910	1.5	1.6	1.5	7,785	3,765	4,020	0.5	0.6	0.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,770	40,820	45,955	1.0	1.0	1.0	9,370	4,490	4,885	0.7	0.7	0.6
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,840	35,185	46,650	1.0	0.9	1.1	12,170	5,240	6,930	0.9	0.8	0.9
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4	4,565	2,275	2,285	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,135	36,840	44,295	1.0	0.9	1.0	9,450	4,390	5,060	0.7	0.7	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	464,135	229,710	234,430	5.6	5.8	5.3	116,525	58,485	58,045	8.2	8.8	7.6
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	271,725	131,935	139,790	3.2	3.3	3.2	47,545	23,380	24,170	3.3	3.5	3.2
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	821,735	412,365	409,375	9.8	10.4	9.3	53,330	27,245	26,085	3.7	4.1	3.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,660	41,065	38,600	1.0	1.0	0.9	510	325	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,005	540	465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0.9	1.0	0.8	3,310	1,900	1,410	0.2	0.3	0.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0.4	0.4	0.3	2,485	1,440	1,050	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0.5	0.5	0.5	2,590	1,305	1,285	0.2	0.2	0.2
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,775	41,085	40,685	1.0	1.0	0.9	1,270	610	655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,290	41,665	39,620	1.0	1.0	0.9	3,585	1,880	1,700	0.3	0.3	0.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,240	625	620	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0.6	0.6	0.6	15,380	7,710	7,670	1.1	1.2	1.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	314,995	157,170	157,825	3.8	4.0	3.6	21,955	10,905	11,050	1.5	1.6	1.5
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	51.5	51.1	51.9	905,585	412,460	493,125	63.5	62.0	64.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0.7	0.8	0.7	6,245	3,065	3,185	0.4	0.5	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,940	92,300	90,645	2.2	2.3	2.1	45,970	23,175	22,795	3.2	3.5	3.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,130	42,660	41,465	1.0	1.1	0.9	7,000	3,750	3,245	0.5	0.6	0.4
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95,725	50,675	45,055	1.1	1.3	1.0	2,455	1,390	1,065	0.2	0.2	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,590	49,855	47,735	1.2	1.3	1.1	6,545	3,420	3,130	0.5	0.5	0.4
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,270	18,835	16,435	0.4	0.5	0.4	3,095	1,690	1,410	0.2	0.3	0.2
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	715,835	317,970	397,860	8.6	8.0	9.1	217,970	94,905	123,065	15.3	14.3	16.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	213,855	100,480	113,375	2.6	2.5	2.6	78,855	36,815	42,035	5.5	5.5	5.5
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,355	63,025	75,325	1.7	1.6	1.7	47,520	21,345	26,180	3.3	3.2	3.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,365	28,725	36,635	0.8	0.7	0.8	40,445	18,100	22,340	2.8	2.7	2.9
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	719,580	305,115	414,460	8.6	7.7	9.5	131,645	54,350	77,300	9.2	8.2	10.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,095	82,670	99,425	2.2	2.1	2.3	32,390	14,475	17,915	2.3	2.2	2.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0.8	0.9	0.8	3,035	1,520	1,520	0.2	0.2	0.2
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	898,050	451,120	446,930	10.7	11.3	10.2	197,115	96,630	100,480	13.8	14.5	13.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	234,105	118,390	115,715	2.8	3.0	2.6	13,345	6,910	6,430	0.9	1.0	0.8
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	136,240	66,215	70,030	1.6	1.7	1.6	5,375	2,595	2,775	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375,340	175,930	199,410	4.5	4.4	4.5	66,580	28,320	38,260	4.7	4.3	5.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0.7	0.8	0.7	33,225	16,430	16,800	2.3	2.5	2.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	100.0	100.0	100.0	197,420	94,095	103,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	154,490	74,275	80,215	11.6	11.5	11.7	22,835	10,990	11,850	11.6	11.7	11.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,895	9,340	10,560	1.5	1.4	1.5	5,130	2,430	2,695	2.6	2.6	2.6
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0.9	0.8	0.9	1,075	495	580	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0.8	0.8	0.8	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,155	7,740	7,420	1.1	1.2	1.1	1,005	515	490	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,150	8,405	8,745	1.3	1.3	1.3	3,045	1,450	1,595	1.5	1.5	1.5
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,875	19,790	20,085	3.0	3.1	2.9	8,760	4,325	4,430	4.4	4.6	4.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0.5	0.5	0.6	530	205	330	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,350	15,785	17,570	2.5	2.4	2.6	3,265	1,545	1,720	1.7	1.6	1.7
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,425	69,310	65,120	10.1	10.7	9.5	25,290	13,375	11,920	12.8	14.2	11.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,175	14,560	12,610	2.0	2.3	1.8	1,730	935	795	0.9	1.0	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,380	680	705	0.7	0.7	0.7
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0.5	0.6	0.3	2,420	1,485	935	1.2	1.6	0.9
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0.3	0.4	0.3	995	555	445	0.5	0.6	0.4
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0.8	0.7	1.0	2,075	835	1,235	1.1	0.9	1.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,515	6,570	7,945	1.1	1.0	1.2	1,935	885	1,045	1.0	0.9	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,755	13,550	9,200	1.7	2.1	1.3	7,675	4,510	3,165	3.9	4.8	3.1
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,120	21,160	21,960	3.2	3.3	3.2	7,090	3,490	3,605	3.6	3.7	3.5
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	206,965	102,875	104,090	15.6	16.0	15.2	10,465	5,545	4,915	5.3	5.9	4.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,745	7,530	8,220	1.2	1.2	1.2	65	40	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0.4	0.4	0.4	110	35	75	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0.9	0.9	0.9	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0.7	0.7	0.7	340	205	140	0.2	0.2	0.1
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0.6	0.6	0.6	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0.9	1.0	0.9	610	350	255	0.3	0.4	0.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,330	8,755	7,575	1.2	1.4	1.1	1,515	935	585	0.8	1.0	0.6
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0.7	0.7	0.7	620	340	275	0.3	0.4	0.3
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,835	6,025	6,810	1.0	0.9	1.0	275	115	160	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,360	20,575	19,780	3.0	3.2	2.9	1,770	925	845	0.9	1.0	0.8
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0.5	0.5	0.4	255	130	125	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0.6	0.7	0.6	1,965	945	1,015	1.0	1.0	1.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0.4	0.4	0.3	235	115	120	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0.6	0.6	0.6	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,960	19,250	19,715	2.9	3.0	2.9	2,420	1,245	1,180	1.2	1.3	1.1
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	823,205	393,110	430,090	62.0	61.0	62.9	134,395	61,590	72,805	68.1	65.5	70.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,730	6,290	6,440	1.0	1.0	0.9	1,325	700	625	0.7	0.7	0.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,185	6,670	6,515	1.0	1.0	1.0	655	340	315	0.3	0.4	0.3
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,035	50,365	67,665	8.9	7.8	9.9	31,450	13,060	18,390	15.9	13.9	17.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0.5	0.4	0.5	2,515	1,125	1,390	1.3	1.2	1.3
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	246,995	128,205	118,790	18.6	19.9	17.4	39,390	20,140	19,245	20.0	21.4	18.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,650	12,310	13,340	1.9	1.9	2.0	5,850	2,865	2,980	3.0	3.0	2.9
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,835	8,875	1.3	1.4	1.3	1,545	840	705	0.8	0.9	0.7
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0.4	0.4	0.3	605	365	240	0.3	0.4	0.2
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0.3	0.2	0.5	2,090	500	1,590	1.1	0.5	1.5
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0.3	0.4	0.3	395	200	195	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,985	8,790	12,200	1.6	1.4	1.8	7,220	2,935	4,280	3.7	3.1	4.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0.8	0.8	0.7	395	175	215	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0.4	0.4	0.4	405	195	205	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,255	18,070	18,190	2.7	2.8	2.7	2,390	1,300	1,090	1.2	1.4	1.1
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	151,490	66,720	84,765	11.4	10.3	12.4	21,220	9,170	12,055	10.7	9.7	11.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0.7	0.8	0.6	565	340	230	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0.6	0.6	0.7	710	330	380	0.4	0.4	0.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,130	32,725	30,410	4.8	5.1	4.5	4,955	2,635	2,320	2.5	2.8	2.2
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0.8	0.9	0.7	1,025	615	410	0.5	0.7	0.4
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0.6	0.7	0.6	620	305	320	0.3	0.3	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,725	5,605	9,125	1.1	0.9	1.3	2,845	995	1,850	1.4	1.1	1.8
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,410	13,035	17,375	2.3	2.0	2.5	6,215	2,450	3,770	3.1	2.6	3.6
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0.7	0.8	0.6	4,440	2,600	1,840	2.2	2.8	1.8
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0.5	0.6	0.4	3,280	1,965	1,315	1.7	2.1	1.3
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,160	630	530	0.6	0.7	0.5
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,815	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	20	10	10	1.1	1.1	1.1	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	26.4	25.8	27.0	1,657,625	783,205	874,415	33.7	32.4	35.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	25	20	0	1.4	2.2	0.0	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	17.6	17.9	17.3	1,068,600	536,615	531,985	21.7	22.2	21.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,770	870	895	97.5	96.7	98.4	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	56.0	56.3	55.6	2,189,720	1,097,065	1,092,655	44.5	45.4	43.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,145,550	532,215	613,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	53.9	56.6	51.3	661,395	320,875	340,525	57.7	60.3	55.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	22.8	28.8	17.4	273,695	157,230	116,470	23.9	29.5	19.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	31.0	27.8	34.0	387,700	163,640	224,055	33.8	30.7	36.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	29.6	25.3	33.4	372,185	152,795	219,390	32.5	28.7	35.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	15.2	16.8	13.9	97,720	52,250	45,470	8.5	9.8	7.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,900	42,145	49,755	1.3	1.3	1.4	14,250	6,295	7,960	1.2	1.2	1.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,145,550	532,215	613,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	416,105	222,895	193,205	6.1	6.9	5.4	27,320	15,640	11,685	2.4	2.9	1.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705,405	324,370	381,035	10.3	10.0	10.7	138,760	59,130	79,630	12.1	11.1	13.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	183,250	92,135	91,110	2.7	2.8	2.5	40,690	20,075	20,615	3.6	3.8	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	377,130	188,535	188,590	5.5	5.8	5.3	71,860	33,525	38,335	6.3	6.3	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0.6	0.5	0.7	5,145	2,030	3,110	0.4	0.4	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	74.8	74.0	75.5	861,775	401,815	459,965	75.2	75.5	75.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,810	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	26.5	26.3	26.8	1,689,490	810,165	879,325	34.4	33.5	35.2
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	7.1	7.4	6.8	473,965	240,475	233,495	9.6	9.9	9.3
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	4.7	4.5	4.9	550,590	257,590	293,000	11.2	10.7	11.7
Black	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	4.3	4.2	4.3	61,760	31,965	29,790	1.3	1.3	1.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	957,355	427,755	529,600	2.6	2.4	2.9	174,280	76,070	98,210	3.5	3.1	3.9
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	694,015	362,845	331,170	1.9	2.0	1.8	28,010	15,015	12,995	0.6	0.6	0.5
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580,235	281,030	299,200	1.6	1.6	1.6	65,970	31,960	34,015	1.3	1.3	1.4
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390,340	184,120	206,220	1.1	1.0	1.1	71,785	33,340	38,445	1.5	1.4	1.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360,495	181,795	178,695	1.0	1.0	1.0	69,270	34,800	34,470	1.4	1.4	1.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	218,140	101,855	116,285	0.6	0.6	0.6	72,815	33,390	39,425	1.5	1.4	1.6
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,890	42,315	56,575	0.3	0.2	0.3	44,120	18,335	25,790	0.9	0.8	1.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0.5	0.5	0.5	18,080	8,935	9,145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	331,805	160,790	171,010	0.9	0.9	0.9	58,840	28,295	30,540	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,810	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	73.5	73.7	73.2	3,226,450	1,606,725	1,619,730	65.6	66.5	64.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,815	900	915	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,940	2,416,890	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	665	335	330	36.6	37.2	36.1	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	15.6	15.8	15.4	459,320	236,305	223,015	9.3	9.8	8.9
English	75	30	40	4.1	3.3	4.4	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	14.7	14.5	14.8	1,019,250	499,340	519,910	20.7	20.7	20.8
Irish	105	45	65	5.8	5.0	7.1	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	12.1	11.7	12.6	627,920	297,705	330,215	12.8	12.3	13.2
Scottish	80	45	30	4.4	5.0	3.3	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	12.1	11.9	12.3	774,455	376,280	398,170	15.8	15.6	15.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	310	155	155	17.1	17.2	16.9	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	11.0	11.0	11.0	312,750	150,460	162,290	6.4	6.2	6.5
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	8.1	8.1	8.2	539,145	263,480	275,665	11.0	10.9	11.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	4.7	4.5	4.9	517,805	242,015	275,785	10.5	10.0	11.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	4.3	4.3	4.2	162,485	81,275	81,205	3.3	3.4	3.2
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	3.7	3.9	3.6	275,975	138,885	137,090	5.6	5.7	5.5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	3.5	3.4	3.5	210,100	102,030	108,065	4.3	4.2	4.3
Dutch	10	10	0	0.6	1.1	0.0	988,585	489,045	499,545	2.7	2.7	2.7	189,985	94,390	95,600	3.9	3.9	3.8
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	982,820	472,290	510,525	2.7	2.6	2.8	134,635	63,780	70,850	2.7	2.6	2.8
Québécois	30	15	10	1.7	1.7	1.1	981,635	490,130	491,510	2.7	2.7	2.7	6,240	3,120	3,120	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	938,950	462,420	476,530	2.6	2.6	2.6	191,025	94,050	96,980	3.9	3.9	3.9
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925,490	414,915	510,570	2.5	2.3	2.8	172,915	75,990	96,930	3.5	3.1	3.9
French Canadian	85	45	40	4.7	5.0	4.4	906,315	441,610	464,705	2.5	2.5	2.5	39,930	19,400	20,535	0.8	0.8	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	150	75	75	8.3	8.3	8.2	691,260	347,080	344,175	1.9	1.9	1.9	82,175	42,475	39,700	1.7	1.8	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	10	10	1.1	1.1	1.1	632,340	304,220	328,120	1.7	1.7	1.8	105,005	51,270	53,735	2.1	2.1	2.2
Métis	60	35	25	3.3	3.9	2.7	560,335	271,985	288,350	1.5	1.5	1.6	85,205	41,265	43,930	1.7	1.7	1.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	10	20	1.7	1.1	2.2	551,910	278,060	273,850	1.5	1.6	1.5	102,475	51,755	50,715	2.1	2.1	2.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	548,140	260,075	288,065	1.5	1.4	1.6	121,755	58,460	63,295	2.5	2.4	2.5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	466,500	224,290	242,210	1.3	1.3	1.3	137,170	65,790	71,385	2.8	2.7	2.9
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	455,720	216,490	239,230	1.3	1.2	1.3	104,225	49,190	55,035	2.1	2.0	2.2
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	448,305	222,770	225,535	1.2	1.2	1.2	39,755	19,465	20,290	0.8	0.8	0.8
American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	353,495	172,240	181,255	1.0	1.0	1.0	71,530	34,865	36,660	1.5	1.4	1.5
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	342,040	160,475	181,570	0.9	0.9	1.0	54,365	25,030	29,335	1.1	1.0	1.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	334,505	156,840	177,665	0.9	0.9	1.0	103,630	48,520	55,115	2.1	2.0	2.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0.9	0.9	0.9	51,915	25,060	26,855	1.1	1.0	1.1
Acadian	515	240	270	28.4	26.7	29.5	305,170	145,500	159,675	0.8	0.8	0.9	7,025	3,455	3,575	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	303,260	154,435	148,825	0.8	0.9	0.8	19,050	9,780	9,275	0.4	0.4	0.4
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	301,955	148,335	153,625	0.8	0.8	0.8	18,520	9,370	9,150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0.8	0.8	0.8	34,395	17,265	17,135	0.7	0.7	0.7
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,950	145,620	134,330	0.8	0.8	0.7	93,395	47,650	45,740	1.9	2.0	1.8
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275,530	131,075	144,445	0.8	0.7	0.8	51,890	24,430	27,455	1.1	1.0	1.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	263,710	138,210	125,500	0.7	0.8	0.7	12,590	6,755	5,840	0.3	0.3	0.2
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	262,140	132,975	129,160	0.7	0.7	0.7	23,300	11,910	11,390	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0.7	0.7	0.7	9,865	5,140	4,725	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0.6	0.6	0.6	47,650	22,170	25,480	1.0	0.9	1.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	219,855	105,825	114,030	0.6	0.6	0.6	24,875	11,715	13,160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	217,650	101,805	115,845	0.6	0.6	0.6	72,025	33,110	38,915	1.5	1.4	1.6
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215,885	103,720	112,165	0.6	0.6	0.6	30,195	14,590	15,605	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210,605	107,990	102,615	0.6	0.6	0.6	8,440	4,310	4,135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0.6	0.6	0.5	49,390	24,720	24,675	1.0	1.0	1.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0.6	0.6	0.5	13,865	6,995	6,870	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0.5	0.5	0.5	54,865	26,740	28,130	1.1	1.1	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0.5	0.5	0.5	24,140	11,670	12,470	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	194,640	101,255	93,385	0.5	0.6	0.5	69,100	35,355	33,750	1.4	1.5	1.4
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	189,535	92,740	96,800	0.5	0.5	0.5	45,280	21,810	23,465	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,175	90,150	92,030	0.5	0.5	0.5	19,505	9,395	10,110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0.5	0.5	0.5	1,215	640	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	166,160	87,665	78,495	0.5	0.5	0.4	19,405	10,140	9,265	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,495	77,435	78,055	0.4	0.4	0.4	28,445	14,140	14,305	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,095	77,735	77,360	0.4	0.4	0.4	20,925	10,530	10,395	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,570	72,015	73,555	0.4	0.4	0.4	28,520	13,995	14,525	0.6	0.6	0.6
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	144,055	69,270	74,785	0.4	0.4	0.4	33,680	16,290	17,390	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0.4	0.4	0.4	6,440	3,210	3,235	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130,820	64,915	65,905	0.4	0.4	0.4	23,750	11,645	12,100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	129,425	56,850	72,580	0.4	0.3	0.4	54,640	23,430	31,215	1.1	1.0	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0.3	0.3	0.3	20,125	9,935	10,190	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	10	25	1.9	1.1	2.7	111,605	53,700	57,905	0.3	0.3	0.3	4,840	2,340	2,500	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110,735	54,730	56,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	30,950	14,970	15,980	0.6	0.6	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0.3	0.3	0.3	8,220	4,150	4,065	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,245	55,230	50,020	0.3	0.3	0.3	5,810	3,125	2,685	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0.3	0.3	0.3	11,730	5,675	6,055	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,380	1,835	1,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0.3	0.3	0.3	25,910	12,770	13,135	0.5	0.5	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,315	3,555	3,760	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,020	980	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,425	10,920	11,505	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,250	49,385	48,865	0.3	0.3	0.3	6,550	3,350	3,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,420	1,240	1,180	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,605	4,725	4,875	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0.3	0.2	0.3	4,515	2,250	2,260	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0.3	0.3	0.3	12,660	6,575	6,080	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0.3	0.2	0.3	5,145	2,565	2,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	4,530	2,415	2,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0.2	0.2	0.2	30,020	14,470	15,550	0.6	0.6	0.6
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,315	1,570	1,750	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,155	9,840	9,315	0.4	0.4	0.4
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,120	2,075	2,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,745	39,955	36,795	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,070	4,185	3,895	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,120	1,005	1,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,740	1,930	1,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	915	545	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,435	6,005	6,430	0.3	0.2	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,110	2,075	2,040	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,040	2,075	1,960	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,565	5,520	6,045	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,810	5,340	6,470	0.2	0.2	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,665	1,460	1,205	0.1	0.1	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,020	29,280	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	37,530	17,430	20,100	0.8	0.7	0.8
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,590	2,350	2,240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,580	3,285	3,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0.2	0.1	0.2	1,640	805	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0.2	0.2	0.2	10,735	5,070	5,670	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,140	2,630	2,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0.2	0.1	0.2	2,715	1,245	1,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,880	965	915	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0.1	0.1	0.2	1,855	835	1,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,330	3,450	3,885	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,965	6,930	7,035	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,765	24,165	22,595	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,505	9,575	8,925	0.4	0.4	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,750	1,470	1,280	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,220	3,100	3,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,500	780	715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,015	885	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,720	1,275	1,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,295	2,430	2,870	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,260	1,975	2,285	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,350	720	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,350	1,545	1,805	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0.1	0.1	0.1	605	370	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,455	1,180	1,280	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,750	1,340	1,420	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,235	605	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,595	18,785	19,815	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,340	2,485	2,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,865	3,860	4,005	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	30	15	15	1.7	1.7	1.6	37,670	18,235	19,435	0.1	0.1	0.1	875	430	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,670	1,335	1,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,245	1,230	1,015	0.0	0.1	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,535	790	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,645	1,850	1,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,355	1,205	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,545	2,955	3,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,720	1,785	1,930	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,575	16,525	16,055	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,430	1,690	1,735	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,670	905	770	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,950	985	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,500	2,320	2,180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,580	2,605	2,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	550	285	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,285	2,660	2,625	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,770	895	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,785	1,910	1,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,835	810	1,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0.1	0.1	0.1	180	70	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,860	2,450	2,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,370	745	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	335	220	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,415	1,320	1,095	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,440	3,890	4,550	0.2	0.2	0.2
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,485	1,160	1,320	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,765	2,115	2,655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,550	2,245	2,305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,445	2,660	2,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,450	10,360	10,085	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,135	545	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	360	155	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,625	1,260	1,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,695	2,200	2,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,375	1,830	1,550	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,120	7,710	8,410	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,370	4,345	4,025	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,695	1,480	1,210	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0.1	0.1	0.1	760	445	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,745	2,120	3,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	860	415	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,305	1,130	1,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	75	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	695	415	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0.1	0.1	0.1	890	445	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,610	1,250	1,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,025	505	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,015	1,025	990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0.1	0.0	0.1	215	135	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,415	655	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,285	640	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0.0	0.1	0.0	7,840	3,965	3,875	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	460	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	185	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,655	660	995	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,420	2,535	2,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	360	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	780	450	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	205	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,890	1,400	1,490	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,950	1,390	1,565	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	65	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	505	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	830	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	445	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	935	430	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	180	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	660	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,890	880	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	565	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,215	1,050	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	120	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	165	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	465	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	855	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	160	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	320	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	180	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	520	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	420	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,285	605	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,855	960	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,500	760	740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,920	1,345	1,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	95	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	200	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	705	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	485	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,400	740	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	935	495	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	465	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,625	1,255	1,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	365	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	155	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	355	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,240	615	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,225	1,120	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	890	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	195	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	510	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	320	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	470	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	195	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	390	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	620	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	290	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	200	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	260	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	590	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	70	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	110	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	145	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	340	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,205	600	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	485	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	60	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	260	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,630	1,165	1,460	0.1	0.0	0.1
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	520	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	95	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	335	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	165	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	570	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,810	900	910	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,915,945	2,416,885	2,499,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	356,975	157,435	199,540	1.0	0.9	1.1	83,860	35,040	48,825	1.7	1.4	2.0
Christian	1,545	750	795	85.4	83.3	87.4	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	53.3	50.9	55.7	1,684,870	766,705	918,165	34.3	31.7	36.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	60	30	30	3.3	3.3	3.3	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	7.6	7.4	7.8	434,920	203,070	231,850	8.8	8.4	9.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0.4	0.4	0.4	21,275	10,210	11,065	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	3.1	2.9	3.4	137,485	59,595	77,885	2.8	2.5	3.1
Baptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	436,940	200,325	236,615	1.2	1.1	1.3	57,265	25,770	31,495	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catholic	1,420	680	735	78.5	75.6	80.8	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	29.9	29.0	30.9	588,140	272,340	315,805	12.0	11.3	12.6
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	623,010	301,055	321,955	1.7	1.7	1.8	45,135	21,835	23,300	0.9	0.9	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0.4	0.3	0.4	25,715	11,245	14,470	0.5	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,725	41,365	46,360	0.2	0.2	0.3	12,875	5,795	7,075	0.3	0.2	0.3
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	328,045	150,115	177,925	0.9	0.8	1.0	46,395	20,205	26,185	0.9	0.8	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,290	3,295	3,995	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	399,025	180,870	218,155	1.1	1.0	1.2	41,140	18,550	22,585	0.8	0.8	0.9
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	301,400	136,440	164,960	0.8	0.8	0.9	28,040	12,260	15,780	0.6	0.5	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,455	6,050	6,400	0.3	0.3	0.3
United Church	20	10	10	1.1	1.1	1.1	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	3.3	3.0	3.7	129,000	51,815	77,185	2.6	2.1	3.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	745,650	345,540	400,110	2.1	1.9	2.2	97,745	44,660	53,085	2.0	1.8	2.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	828,195	430,135	398,060	2.3	2.4	2.2	81,320	42,070	39,245	1.7	1.7	1.6
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0.9	0.9	0.9	26,850	12,980	13,870	0.5	0.5	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	4.9	5.0	4.7	125,915	63,375	62,535	2.6	2.6	2.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	771,790	394,345	377,445	2.1	2.2	2.1	290,870	145,740	145,130	5.9	6.0	5.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,570	5,495	6,075	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	229,015	97,645	131,370	0.6	0.5	0.7	51,440	20,890	30,555	1.0	0.9	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	255	150	105	14.1	16.7	11.5	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	34.6	36.9	32.4	2,559,250	1,324,585	1,234,660	52.1	54.8	49.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,800	895	905	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,875,955	2,396,280	2,479,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	1,660	835	825	92.2	93.3	91.2	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	87.8	87.8	87.8	4,169,710	2,050,165	2,119,540	85.5	85.6	85.5
Movers	135	60	75	7.5	6.7	8.3	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	12.2	12.2	12.2	706,245	346,115	360,130	14.5	14.4	14.5
Non-migrants	75	35	40	4.2	3.9	4.4	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	7.1	7.2	7.1	395,215	193,080	202,135	8.1	8.1	8.2
Migrants	60	30	35	3.3	3.4	3.9	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	5.0	5.0	5.0	311,030	153,035	157,990	6.4	6.4	6.4
Internal migrants	60	30	35	3.3	3.4	3.9	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	4.2	4.2	4.2	251,245	123,785	127,455	5.2	5.2	5.1
Intraprovincial migrants	50	30	30	2.8	3.4	3.3	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	3.5	3.5	3.5	187,990	92,090	95,900	3.9	3.8	3.9
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1	268,965	135,215	133,750	0.7	0.8	0.7	63,250	31,695	31,555	1.3	1.3	1.3
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	293,955	147,585	146,370	0.8	0.8	0.8	59,785	29,250	30,535	1.2	1.2	1.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,755	880	875	100.0	100.0	100.0	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,699,740	2,305,755	2,393,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	1,320	665	660	75.2	75.6	75.4	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	61.0	61.0	61.1	2,639,500	1,292,175	1,347,330	56.2	56.0	56.3
Movers	430	210	220	24.5	23.9	25.1	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	39.0	39.0	38.9	2,060,245	1,013,590	1,046,655	43.8	44.0	43.7
Non-migrants	125	60	60	7.1	6.8	6.9	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	16.7	16.7	16.8	757,040	372,900	384,135	16.1	16.2	16.0
Migrants	305	150	155	17.4	17.0	17.7	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	22.2	22.3	22.2	1,303,200	640,680	662,520	27.7	27.8	27.7
Internal migrants	305	150	155	17.4	17.0	17.7	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	17.3	17.2	17.4	1,016,025	498,920	517,105	21.6	21.6	21.6
Intraprovincial migrants	255	115	135	14.5	13.1	15.4	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	14.7	14.5	14.8	799,455	390,525	408,935	17.0	16.9	17.1
Interprovincial migrants	55	30	25	3.1	3.4	2.9	921,345	459,695	461,650	2.7	2.7	2.6	216,565	108,395	108,170	4.6	4.7	4.5
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	4.9	5.1	4.8	287,175	141,765	145,415	6.1	6.1	6.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,625	820	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	480	250	235	29.5	30.5	29.4	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	18.0	19.6	16.6	643,330	341,470	301,860	15.3	16.7	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,145	575	570	70.5	70.1	71.3	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	82.0	80.4	83.4	3,557,095	1,706,925	1,850,170	84.7	83.3	86.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	980	485	500	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,691,860	1,313,265	1,378,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	90	60	15.3	18.6	12.0	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	11.6	13.6	9.7	259,010	148,785	110,220	9.6	11.3	8.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	835	395	440	85.2	81.4	88.0	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	88.4	86.4	90.3	2,432,850	1,164,475	1,268,375	90.4	88.7	92.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,625	820	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	435	210	220	26.8	25.6	27.5	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	16.2	17.1	15.3	565,665	292,000	273,665	13.5	14.3	12.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	430	235	195	26.5	28.7	24.4	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	26.7	27.1	26.3	1,238,000	610,685	627,320	29.5	29.8	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	760	380	385	46.8	46.3	48.1	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	57.2	55.9	58.4	2,396,755	1,145,715	1,251,040	57.1	55.9	58.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	650	335	310	40.0	40.9	38.8	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	30.5	31.1	29.9	1,197,050	598,425	598,620	28.5	29.2	27.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	105	65	10.8	12.8	8.1	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	8.7	12.2	5.4	323,635	243,815	79,815	7.7	11.9	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	60	55	6.8	7.3	6.9	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	4.8	5.6	4.1	133,020	78,330	54,685	3.2	3.8	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	60	50	15	3.7	6.1	1.9	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	3.9	6.6	1.3	190,615	165,490	25,130	4.5	8.1	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	460	220	240	28.3	26.8	30.0	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	18.8	16.4	21.2	711,810	289,555	422,255	16.9	14.1	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.3	896,755	372,560	524,195	3.0	2.5	3.4	161,600	65,055	96,545	3.8	3.2	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	110	40	75	6.8	4.9	9.4	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	26.7	24.8	28.5	1,199,710	547,285	652,420	28.6	26.7	30.3
Bachelor's degree	95	30	65	5.8	3.7	8.1	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	17.5	15.7	19.1	775,145	347,145	427,995	18.5	16.9	19.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	556,510	243,200	313,310	1.8	1.6	2.0	84,000	34,915	49,085	2.0	1.7	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	214,105	108,000	106,105	0.7	0.7	0.7	32,985	18,045	14,945	0.8	0.9	0.7
Master's degree	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	5.7	5.5	5.9	264,145	121,485	142,660	6.3	5.9	6.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,660	165,795	113,870	0.9	1.1	0.7	43,440	25,700	17,740	1.0	1.3	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	980	480	495	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,691,860	1,313,260	1,378,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	130	70	60	13.3	14.6	12.1	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	9.9	11.4	8.4	216,660	122,720	93,935	8.0	9.3	6.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	290	165	125	29.6	34.4	25.3	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	23.0	24.4	21.6	694,785	358,700	336,090	25.8	27.3	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	560	240	320	57.1	50.0	64.6	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	67.1	64.2	70.0	1,780,415	831,840	948,575	66.1	63.3	68.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	210	260	48.0	43.8	52.5	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	34.3	34.7	33.8	838,680	416,930	421,745	31.2	31.7	30.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	60	45	10.2	12.5	9.1	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	9.6	13.3	6.1	217,350	164,860	52,495	8.1	12.6	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	45	35	8.7	9.4	7.1	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	5.4	6.1	4.7	88,765	52,645	36,115	3.3	4.0	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	2.0	2.1	2.0	836,220	693,830	142,395	4.3	7.2	1.4	128,590	112,210	16,375	4.8	8.5	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	355	150	205	36.2	31.3	41.4	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	21.4	18.7	24.1	507,405	206,015	301,390	18.8	15.7	21.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.0	623,090	261,035	362,050	3.2	2.7	3.6	113,915	46,055	67,865	4.2	3.5	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	90	30	55	9.2	6.3	11.1	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	32.9	29.5	36.1	941,735	414,910	526,830	35.0	31.6	38.2
Bachelor's degree	75	20	55	7.7	4.2	11.1	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	21.3	18.8	23.8	610,735	267,470	343,270	22.7	20.4	24.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	430,875	179,230	251,645	2.2	1.9	2.5	63,310	25,280	38,030	2.4	1.9	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	167,730	75,120	92,615	0.9	0.8	0.9	24,675	11,985	12,690	0.9	0.9	0.9
Master's degree	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	7.4	6.9	7.9	212,745	93,655	119,090	7.9	7.1	8.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	209,445	115,530	93,915	1.1	1.2	0.9	30,275	16,520	13,755	1.1	1.3	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,620	825	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,390	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	860	445	420	53.1	53.9	52.5	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	42.8	44.1	41.6	1,803,665	902,685	900,990	42.9	44.1	41.9
Education	35	0	35	2.2	0.0	4.4	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5	158,060	37,395	120,670	3.8	1.8	5.6
13. Education	35	0	35	2.2	0.0	4.4	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5	158,060	37,395	120,670	3.8	1.8	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0	631,255	274,065	357,190	2.1	1.8	2.3	109,100	46,770	62,330	2.6	2.3	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0.2	0.4	0.1	13,390	9,570	3,815	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	556,470	220,680	335,790	1.8	1.5	2.2	95,715	37,200	58,510	2.3	1.8	2.7
Humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	926,560	354,120	572,440	3.1	2.4	3.7	143,340	55,460	87,875	3.4	2.7	4.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0.4	0.2	0.5	16,850	3,705	13,145	0.4	0.2	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	184,600	53,020	131,580	0.6	0.4	0.9	35,465	10,360	25,105	0.8	0.5	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	316,050	119,215	196,830	1.0	0.8	1.3	48,620	19,020	29,605	1.2	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,860	1,075	1,780	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,745	33,040	24,700	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,705	4,630	3,075	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0.3	0.3	0.2	12,220	7,385	4,835	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0.4	0.4	0.3	16,035	8,595	7,450	0.4	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,440	14,090	42,345	0.2	0.1	0.3	3,580	695	2,880	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	15	60	4.6	1.8	7.5	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	6.6	4.5	8.7	288,970	102,380	186,590	6.9	5.0	8.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,140	1,360	3,780	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	233,400	88,205	145,200	0.8	0.6	0.9	31,375	11,580	19,795	0.7	0.6	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	50	3.4	0.0	6.3	344,150	27,905	316,240	1.1	0.2	2.0	39,140	3,530	35,610	0.9	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325,785	115,335	210,445	1.1	0.8	1.4	44,255	15,575	28,680	1.1	0.8	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0.2	0.1	0.2	6,625	2,525	4,105	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	327,965	79,295	248,665	1.1	0.5	1.6	52,080	13,955	38,125	1.2	0.7	1.8
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	1.2	1.8	0.0	705,540	336,960	368,580	2.3	2.3	2.4	110,350	53,860	56,495	2.6	2.6	2.6
Business, management and public administration	85	45	45	5.2	5.5	5.6	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	12.4	10.0	14.7	493,290	201,060	292,230	11.7	9.8	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	220	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	272,240	55,995	216,245	0.9	0.4	1.4	30,855	6,685	24,175	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	45	40	4.9	5.5	5.0	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	11.5	9.6	13.2	461,790	194,160	267,625	11.0	9.5	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	719,715	353,540	366,175	2.4	2.4	2.4	106,515	54,495	52,015	2.5	2.7	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	297,055	121,615	175,435	1.0	0.8	1.1	44,910	19,580	25,330	1.1	1.0	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,955	72,245	83,705	0.5	0.5	0.5	25,655	12,030	13,620	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,880	665	1,220	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,620	130,745	65,875	0.6	0.9	0.4	30,600	21,085	9,515	0.7	1.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,470	1,140	2,330	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.9	804,230	531,435	272,795	2.7	3.6	1.8	105,555	69,245	36,310	2.5	3.4	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.3	643,145	454,370	188,775	2.1	3.1	1.2	83,795	58,985	24,810	2.0	2.9	1.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0.1	0.0	0.2	6,145	865	5,280	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0.3	0.4	0.3	13,030	7,715	5,320	0.3	0.4	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0.1	0.1	0.0	2,580	1,680	900	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	210	195	10	13.0	23.6	1.3	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	11.6	21.1	2.4	458,590	409,460	49,135	10.9	20.0	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0.4	0.6	0.3	19,025	11,490	7,535	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0	900,475	723,080	177,395	3.0	4.9	1.1	119,995	96,730	23,260	2.9	4.7	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	45	10	3.7	5.5	1.3	726,155	638,355	87,800	2.4	4.3	0.6	83,585	73,495	10,085	2.0	3.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	190	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	45	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	3.7	7.3	0.0	703,905	683,060	20,845	2.3	4.6	0.1	104,445	101,120	3,325	2.5	4.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	3.1	6.1	0.0	659,480	640,895	18,590	2.2	4.3	0.1	86,325	83,625	2,700	2.1	4.1	0.1
48. Precision production	25	25	0	1.5	3.0	0.0	380,505	363,710	16,795	1.3	2.4	0.1	45,110	42,955	2,150	1.1	2.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	1.5	2.4	0.0	407,545	234,360	173,175	1.3	1.6	1.1	60,510	33,885	26,625	1.4	1.7	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	262,580	140,520	122,070	0.9	0.9	0.8	31,920	15,075	16,845	0.8	0.7	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0.5	0.6	0.3	28,595	18,815	9,775	0.7	0.9	0.5
Health and related fields	170	35	135	10.5	4.2	16.9	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	8.1	3.3	12.7	350,930	73,605	277,325	8.4	3.6	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	15	0	0.9	1.8	0.0	180,785	89,005	91,780	0.6	0.6	0.6	27,000	13,530	13,470	0.6	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	150	15	135	9.3	1.8	16.9	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	7.2	2.4	11.9	312,980	53,940	259,035	7.5	2.6	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	175	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,030	34,630	29,400	0.2	0.2	0.2	10,230	5,960	4,270	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	55	75	8.3	6.7	9.4	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	3.3	3.5	3.1	121,210	61,715	59,495	2.9	3.0	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	0	75	4.9	0.0	9.4	548,520	151,115	397,410	1.8	1.0	2.6	76,425	24,575	51,850	1.8	1.2	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,965	3,520	445	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	435	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,900	6,210	690	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	930	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	1.5	3.0	0.0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0.8	1.1	0.4	15,820	11,280	4,540	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	1.5	3.0	0.0	219,205	199,190	20,010	0.7	1.3	0.1	27,425	24,490	2,935	0.7	1.2	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	235	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	980	485	500	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,691,865	1,313,265	1,378,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	420	240	180	42.9	49.5	36.0	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0	911,450	481,425	430,025	33.9	36.7	31.2
Education	25	0	25	2.6	0.0	5.0	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9	99,640	21,315	78,320	3.7	1.6	5.7
13. Education	25	0	25	2.6	0.0	5.0	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9	99,640	21,315	78,320	3.7	1.6	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	490,455	210,500	279,955	2.5	2.2	2.8	85,350	36,335	49,005	3.2	2.8	3.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0.3	0.4	0.2	9,815	6,950	2,860	0.4	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	435,815	172,330	263,480	2.2	1.8	2.6	75,530	29,385	46,145	2.8	2.2	3.3
Humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	649,695	241,235	408,465	3.3	2.5	4.1	103,360	38,515	64,845	3.8	2.9	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0.4	0.2	0.6	12,735	2,545	10,190	0.5	0.2	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,815	37,610	97,210	0.7	0.4	1.0	25,770	7,190	18,580	1.0	0.5	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	216,725	80,505	136,220	1.1	0.8	1.4	35,310	13,320	21,990	1.3	1.0	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,895	745	1,150	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,640	23,645	17,990	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,780	3,440	2,335	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0.2	0.3	0.2	7,845	4,740	3,105	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0.4	0.4	0.4	11,615	6,050	5,565	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,045	8,490	28,555	0.2	0.1	0.3	2,410	480	1,930	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	6.1	2.1	10.0	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	8.1	5.2	10.9	226,805	76,655	150,150	8.4	5.8	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0.1	0.1	0.2	4,220	1,075	3,145	0.2	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,475	72,125	124,350	1.0	0.7	1.3	26,730	9,590	17,150	1.0	0.7	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	4.6	0.0	9.0	270,970	20,095	250,875	1.4	0.2	2.5	29,960	2,705	27,260	1.1	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	261,265	82,850	178,420	1.3	0.9	1.8	34,935	10,780	24,150	1.3	0.8	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0.2	0.1	0.3	5,150	1,960	3,185	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	249,205	55,840	193,365	1.3	0.6	1.9	39,250	9,600	29,645	1.5	0.7	2.2
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	1.5	2.1	0.0	549,090	254,250	294,840	2.8	2.6	3.0	86,555	40,945	45,615	3.2	3.1	3.3
Business, management and public administration	60	25	30	6.1	5.2	6.0	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	15.0	11.9	18.1	379,485	152,040	227,445	14.1	11.6	16.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	140	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	213,140	40,230	172,910	1.1	0.4	1.7	22,625	4,535	18,095	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	25	25	5.6	5.2	5.0	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	13.9	11.4	16.3	356,415	147,365	209,055	13.2	11.2	15.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	513,555	241,780	271,785	2.6	2.5	2.7	77,340	37,350	39,990	2.9	2.8	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	227,460	90,390	137,075	1.2	0.9	1.4	33,945	14,030	19,915	1.3	1.1	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	108,350	48,075	60,280	0.6	0.5	0.6	18,520	8,355	10,165	0.7	0.6	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,545	520	1,030	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140,510	88,540	51,970	0.7	0.9	0.5	21,390	13,835	7,555	0.8	1.1	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,935	610	1,330	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0	667,305	445,970	221,330	3.4	4.6	2.2	87,185	58,400	28,785	3.2	4.4	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	554,185	392,835	161,350	2.8	4.1	1.6	72,700	51,710	20,995	2.7	3.9	1.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0.1	0.0	0.2	3,600	540	3,060	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,940	39,000	31,940	0.4	0.4	0.3	8,865	4,890	3,975	0.3	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,010	1,265	755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	130	120	15	13.3	24.7	3.0	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	13.3	23.8	3.2	327,735	286,655	41,080	12.2	21.8	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0.5	0.6	0.4	14,690	8,220	6,480	0.5	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	724,235	568,385	155,850	3.7	5.9	1.6	93,760	73,350	20,400	3.5	5.6	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	20	15	3.6	4.1	3.0	536,600	464,510	72,090	2.7	4.8	0.7	57,590	49,650	7,940	2.1	3.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	160	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	35	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	4.6	9.3	0.0	510,105	493,000	17,100	2.6	5.1	0.2	74,045	71,450	2,595	2.8	5.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	3.1	6.2	0.0	467,225	452,385	14,840	2.4	4.7	0.1	57,950	55,995	1,950	2.2	4.3	0.1
48. Precision production	20	20	0	2.0	4.1	0.0	266,690	253,110	13,585	1.4	2.6	0.1	29,605	27,965	1,640	1.1	2.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	2.0	4.1	0.0	314,120	170,440	143,680	1.6	1.8	1.4	45,705	23,930	21,775	1.7	1.8	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	0	1.5	2.1	0.0	199,335	99,700	99,635	1.0	1.0	1.0	23,700	10,410	13,290	0.9	0.8	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0.6	0.7	0.4	22,005	13,520	8,485	0.8	1.0	0.6
Health and related fields	150	30	120	15.3	6.2	24.0	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	9.4	3.9	14.8	258,665	55,710	202,960	9.6	4.2	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0	139,280	67,885	71,385	0.7	0.7	0.7	20,980	10,585	10,395	0.8	0.8	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	130	10	120	13.3	2.1	24.0	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	8.4	2.9	13.8	229,855	41,240	188,620	8.5	3.1	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	945	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	90	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,115	23,255	24,860	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,245	3,790	3,455	0.3	0.3	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	30	55	9.2	6.2	11.0	772,450	399,835	372,615	3.9	4.2	3.7	88,615	44,750	43,865	3.3	3.4	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	10	50	6.6	2.1	10.0	414,520	112,935	301,590	2.1	1.2	3.0	56,165	18,390	37,775	2.1	1.4	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,955	2,575	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	240	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,850	3,415	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	410	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	1.5	3.1	0.0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0.9	1.3	0.6	12,270	8,530	3,740	0.5	0.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0.9	1.6	0.2	19,425	17,180	2,240	0.7	1.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	180	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	980	485	500	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,691,865	1,313,265	1,378,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	240	180	42.9	49.5	36.0	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0	911,450	481,425	430,025	33.9	36.7	31.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	560	240	315	57.1	49.5	63.0	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	67.1	64.2	70.0	1,780,415	831,835	948,580	66.1	63.3	68.8
Location of study inside Canada	560	240	315	57.1	49.5	63.0	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	53.6	51.2	55.9	1,316,405	622,255	694,150	48.9	47.4	50.4
Same as province or territory of residence	495	200	290	50.5	41.2	58.0	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	47.3	44.9	49.5	1,029,000	480,420	548,580	38.2	36.6	39.8
Different than province or territory of residence	70	40	30	7.1	8.2	6.0	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	6.3	6.3	6.4	287,405	141,835	145,570	10.7	10.8	10.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	13.5	13.0	14.0	464,010	209,580	254,430	17.2	16.0	18.5
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	483,810	238,040	245,775	2.5	2.5	2.5	84,155	40,735	43,420	3.1	3.1	3.1
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,005	143,575	135,435	1.4	1.5	1.4	57,255	28,610	28,650	2.1	2.2	2.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,850	3,950	4,895	0.3	0.3	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	150	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0.1	0.1	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0.1	0.1	0.1	655	290	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,395	3,865	4,530	0.3	0.3	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0.2	0.1	0.2	2,315	1,005	1,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	345	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0.1	0.1	0.1	815	345	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,590	2,160	2,430	0.2	0.2	0.2
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	543,725	281,205	262,520	2.8	2.9	2.6	92,195	46,985	45,210	3.4	3.6	3.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	430	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0.5	0.6	0.4	5,075	2,645	2,425	0.2	0.2	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,805	2,975	2,830	0.2	0.2	0.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0.1	0.1	0.0	2,315	1,265	1,055	0.1	0.1	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,915	905	1,010	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	430	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	455	200	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,960	1,320	1,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,515	1,720	1,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,880	2,560	3,325	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,345	1,945	2,395	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,665	3,255	2,410	0.2	0.2	0.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	151,900	81,980	69,920	0.8	0.9	0.7	38,270	20,230	18,040	1.4	1.5	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	410	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0.0	0.1	0.0	1,610	890	720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,565	845	720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0.3	0.3	0.3	10,275	4,955	5,320	0.4	0.4	0.4
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	216,815	111,010	105,805	1.1	1.2	1.1	12,250	6,465	5,785	0.5	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,315	690	630	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0.2	0.2	0.2	130	85	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	470	255	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0.1	0.1	0.1	160	75	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,255	15,145	15,115	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,490	800	690	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,860	3,055	2,800	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,700	33,325	31,385	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,825	1,510	1,315	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	6.9	6.2	7.6	258,905	106,700	152,210	9.6	8.1	11.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0.3	0.3	0.4	16,325	7,150	9,175	0.6	0.5	0.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,465	830	635	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,345	690	660	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0.1	0.1	0.1	550	260	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0.1	0.1	0.1	805	405	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,680	995	680	0.1	0.1	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	201,100	87,370	113,720	1.0	0.9	1.1	59,350	24,555	34,795	2.2	1.9	2.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0.1	0.0	0.1	8,905	2,985	5,915	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,025	2,820	4,210	0.3	0.2	0.3
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,185	1,960	6,230	0.3	0.1	0.5
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0.3	0.2	0.3	19,605	7,220	12,385	0.7	0.5	0.9
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305,795	115,370	190,420	1.6	1.2	1.9	55,140	20,255	34,880	2.0	1.5	2.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,145	625	1,520	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,135	485	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0.1	0.1	0.1	975	480	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405,850	199,380	206,475	2.1	2.1	2.1	60,565	28,910	31,655	2.2	2.2	2.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,935	1,855	2,080	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,385	28,650	35,735	0.3	0.3	0.4	9,780	4,215	5,565	0.4	0.3	0.4
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0.2	0.3	0.2	16,505	8,700	7,810	0.6	0.7	0.6
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,315	6,385	5,930	0.5	0.5	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,340	1,855	1,485	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	930	730	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	465	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,625	820	800	...	...	...	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	...	...	...	4,200,425	2,048,395	2,152,030	...	...	...
In the labour force	920	475	450	...	...	...	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	...	...	...	2,657,275	1,378,375	1,278,900	...	...	...
Employed	810	400	410	...	...	...	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	...	...	...	2,433,600	1,264,715	1,168,885	...	...	...
Unemployed	110	65	40	...	...	...	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	...	...	...	223,675	113,655	110,015	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	705	350	350	...	...	...	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	...	...	...	1,543,145	670,020	873,130	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.6	57.9	56.3	56.6	57.9	56.3	63.7	67.7	59.8	63.7	67.7	59.8	63.3	67.3	59.4	63.3	67.3	59.4
Employment rate	49.8	48.8	51.3	49.8	48.8	51.3	57.1	60.9	53.4	57.1	60.9	53.4	57.9	61.7	54.3	57.9	61.7	54.3
Unemployment rate	12.0	13.7	8.9	12.0	13.7	8.9	10.3	9.9	10.7	10.3	9.9	10.7	8.4	8.2	8.6	8.4	8.2	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,620	825	800	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,200,425	2,048,390	2,152,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	665	350	320	41.0	42.4	40.0	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	36.7	32.9	40.4	1,563,830	685,205	878,625	37.2	33.5	40.8
Worked	955	475	485	59.0	57.6	60.6	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	63.3	67.1	59.6	2,636,595	1,363,185	1,273,410	62.8	66.5	59.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	460	235	220	28.4	28.5	27.5	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	33.7	38.3	29.3	1,350,335	768,255	582,080	32.1	37.5	27.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	495	235	265	30.6	28.5	33.1	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	29.6	28.8	30.3	1,286,260	594,930	691,330	30.6	29.0	32.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	39.4	39.4	39.4	39.4	39.4	41.0	41.7	40.3	41.0	41.7	40.3	40.9	41.8	39.9	40.9	41.8	39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	925	470	450	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,657,275	1,378,380	1,278,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	2.2	2.1	2.2	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	54,165	26,325	27,835	2.0	1.9	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	900	460	440	97.3	97.9	97.8	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,603,110	1,352,050	1,251,060	98.0	98.1	97.8
Employee	860	440	415	93.0	93.6	92.2	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	83.4	80.9	86.1	2,144,475	1,076,150	1,068,330	80.7	78.1	83.5
Permanent position	620	320	300	67.0	68.1	66.7	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	69.6	68.3	70.9	1,788,175	913,100	875,070	67.3	66.2	68.4
Temporary position	235	120	115	25.4	25.5	25.6	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	13.8	12.7	15.1	356,305	163,045	193,255	13.4	11.8	15.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	20	30	4.9	4.3	6.7	867,740	386,965	480,775	4.5	3.8	5.2	116,190	53,010	63,190	4.4	3.8	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	190	100	90	20.5	21.3	20.0	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	9.3	8.8	9.9	240,110	110,035	130,070	9.0	8.0	10.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	40	20	20	4.3	4.3	4.4	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	14.1	16.7	11.2	458,635	275,905	182,735	17.3	20.0	14.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	925	470	450	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,657,275	1,378,380	1,278,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	2.2	2.1	2.2	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	54,165	26,325	27,835	2.0	1.9	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	900	460	440	97.3	97.9	97.8	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,603,110	1,352,050	1,251,060	98.0	98.1	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	254,760	177,450	77,315	1.3	1.8	0.8	32,255	22,375	9,885	1.2	1.6	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	35	75	11.4	7.4	16.7	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	17.1	10.6	24.2	446,160	137,765	308,395	16.8	10.0	24.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	1.1	2.1	0.0	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	8.2	11.9	4.2	209,185	158,605	50,580	7.9	11.5	4.0
3 Health occupations	90	15	75	9.7	3.2	16.7	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	7.8	3.0	13.0	199,185	43,765	155,415	7.5	3.2	12.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	125	50	70	13.5	10.6	15.6	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	12.0	7.5	17.0	309,360	103,155	206,205	11.6	7.5	16.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	10	1.6	2.1	2.2	596,785	275,420	321,360	3.1	2.7	3.5	110,585	52,240	58,340	4.2	3.8	4.6
6 Sales and service occupations	300	110	190	32.4	23.4	42.2	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	23.9	20.6	27.5	666,705	293,530	373,180	25.1	21.3	29.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	165	155	10	17.8	33.0	2.2	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	16.8	29.3	3.1	469,450	425,905	43,545	17.7	30.9	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	25	0	2.7	5.3	0.0	541,235	416,960	124,270	2.8	4.1	1.3	72,075	51,750	20,325	2.7	3.8	1.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	50	10	6.5	10.6	2.2	857,540	612,415	245,120	4.4	6.1	2.6	88,155	62,965	25,185	3.3	4.6	2.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	925	470	450	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,657,275	1,378,380	1,278,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	2.2	2.1	2.2	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	54,165	26,325	27,835	2.0	1.9	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	900	460	440	97.3	97.9	97.8	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,603,110	1,352,050	1,251,060	98.0	98.1	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	1.1	2.1	0.0	434,800	295,160	139,640	2.3	2.9	1.5	60,320	38,580	21,735	2.3	2.8	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	2.2	4.3	0.0	239,030	195,605	43,425	1.2	1.9	0.5	24,955	20,610	4,350	0.9	1.5	0.3
22 Utilities	20	20	0	2.2	4.3	0.0	147,750	109,475	38,270	0.8	1.1	0.4	14,820	10,765	4,050	0.6	0.8	0.3
23 Construction	55	50	0	5.9	10.6	0.0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	7.6	12.6	2.2	234,345	201,185	33,155	8.8	14.6	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	65	50	15	7.0	10.6	3.3	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	8.0	10.9	4.8	152,790	107,750	45,035	5.7	7.8	3.5
41 Wholesale trade	35	30	0	3.8	6.4	0.0	610,295	406,960	203,335	3.2	4.0	2.2	80,165	53,130	27,035	3.0	3.9	2.1
44-45 Retail trade	125	60	65	13.5	12.8	14.4	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	11.1	10.2	12.1	301,060	142,230	158,830	11.3	10.3	12.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	0	2.2	3.2	0.0	981,030	742,515	238,515	5.1	7.4	2.6	142,230	108,095	34,135	5.4	7.8	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.2	400,460	237,940	162,520	2.1	2.4	1.8	71,295	43,800	27,495	2.7	3.2	2.1
52 Finance and insurance	40	20	25	4.3	4.3	5.6	815,225	358,145	457,080	4.2	3.6	4.9	95,560	41,275	54,290	3.6	3.0	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	343,940	186,230	157,710	1.8	1.9	1.7	59,155	31,515	27,640	2.2	2.3	2.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	8.1	8.7	7.5	238,650	131,495	107,150	9.0	9.5	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0.2	0.2	0.3	5,785	2,740	3,040	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	25	15	5.4	5.3	3.3	792,600	457,880	334,725	4.1	4.6	3.6	110,215	62,865	47,350	4.1	4.6	3.7
61 Educational services	80	30	55	8.6	6.4	12.2	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	7.3	4.3	10.6	192,855	62,310	130,545	7.3	4.5	10.2
62 Health care and social assistance	190	55	130	20.5	11.7	28.9	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	12.7	4.7	21.4	319,525	64,150	255,375	12.0	4.7	20.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350,710	180,205	170,500	1.8	1.8	1.8	60,775	30,215	30,560	2.3	2.2	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	70	15	55	7.6	3.2	12.2	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	5.6	4.8	6.6	182,105	78,435	103,670	6.9	5.7	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	25	15	4.9	5.3	3.3	797,935	373,775	424,165	4.1	3.7	4.6	113,780	50,100	63,680	4.3	3.6	5.0
91 Public administration	60	35	25	6.5	7.4	5.6	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	6.2	6.0	6.4	142,730	70,795	71,940	5.4	5.1	5.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,010	505	505	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,855,890	1,472,060	1,383,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	125	65	60	12.4	12.9	11.9	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	72.4	73.0	71.8	2,617,625	1,354,690	1,262,935	91.7	92.0	91.3
French	395	210	185	39.1	41.6	36.6	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	15.3	14.9	15.8	3,090	850	2,240	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0.8	0.8	0.8	52,925	27,750	25,180	1.9	1.9	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0.8	0.8	0.8	52,790	27,690	25,100	1.8	1.9	1.8
English and French	480	225	260	47.5	44.6	51.5	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	8.2	8.0	8.3	21,550	8,765	12,785	0.8	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570,220	291,000	279,220	2.8	2.7	2.8	154,255	76,820	77,440	5.4	5.2	5.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69,340	34,190	35,145	0.3	0.3	0.4	2,520	1,160	1,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,840	2,000	1,840	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,010	505	505	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,855,890	1,472,060	1,383,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	845	415	430	83.7	82.2	85.1	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	97.8	97.8	97.8	2,820,225	1,453,980	1,366,250	98.8	98.8	98.7
Official languages	845	415	430	83.7	82.2	85.1	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	96.3	96.3	96.3	2,726,710	1,405,545	1,321,160	95.5	95.5	95.5
English	235	100	135	23.3	19.8	26.7	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	77.0	77.4	76.5	2,720,275	1,403,805	1,316,470	95.3	95.4	95.1
French	610	315	295	60.4	62.4	58.4	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	19.3	18.9	19.7	6,430	1,740	4,690	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310,455	161,825	148,635	1.5	1.5	1.5	93,520	48,430	45,090	3.3	3.3	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	290	85	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	585	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	875	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	435	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	430	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	830	755	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	490	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	340	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	295	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	410	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	410	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	255	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	50	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	50	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	291,025	152,095	138,925	1.4	1.4	1.4	93,230	48,340	44,890	3.3	3.3	3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	320	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	185	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	155	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	320	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	250	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	325	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	240	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	70	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	240	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0.0	0.0	0.1	2,720	1,070	1,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	215	285	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0.0	0.0	0.1	2,695	1,060	1,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	430	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	90	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	335	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	185	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	170	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	140	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,395	64,055	48,335	0.5	0.6	0.5	30,820	18,165	12,655	1.1	1.2	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	170	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	295	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0.0	0.0	0.1	915	350	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	15	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.1	900	350	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	55	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	25	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	245	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	485	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	620	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0.1	0.1	0.1	680	310	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0.1	0.1	0.0	450	200	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	180	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	520	530	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	515	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	420	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	1,275	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	445	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0.3	0.3	0.2	25,450	15,470	9,980	0.9	1.1	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0.2	0.3	0.2	23,425	14,315	9,115	0.8	1.0	0.7
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	290	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,115	515	600	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	22,730	13,945	8,785	0.8	0.9	0.6
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	80	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,020	1,155	865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	145	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	1,135	855	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	445	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	75	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	940	770	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	400	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	120	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0.1	0.2	0.1	3,675	1,975	1,700	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	730	900	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	245	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	375	310	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,940	1,645	1,300	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,015	695	1,320	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,855	3,485	3,370	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	210	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	95	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	795	1,210	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	105	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,590	620	970	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	95	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	110	180	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0.6	0.6	0.6	48,730	23,930	24,800	1.7	1.6	1.8
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0.6	0.6	0.6	48,670	23,890	24,780	1.7	1.6	1.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0.4	0.4	0.4	28,465	13,710	14,755	1.0	0.9	1.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	210	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0.2	0.2	0.3	19,865	10,015	9,855	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	240	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	175	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	40	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	85	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	310	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	65	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	60	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	695	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	660	615	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	215	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	25	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	90	75	16.3	17.8	14.9	453,880	231,205	222,675	2.2	2.2	2.2	35,660	18,080	17,585	1.2	1.2	1.3
English and French	165	90	75	16.3	17.8	14.9	321,975	163,305	158,675	1.6	1.5	1.6	2,470	970	1,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115,955	60,210	55,745	0.6	0.6	0.6	32,195	16,590	15,610	1.1	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	445	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,010	505	505	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,855,890	1,472,060	1,383,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	680	365	320	67.3	72.3	63.4	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	90.6	90.8	90.5	2,703,945	1,398,765	1,305,180	94.7	95.0	94.3
English	210	100	110	20.8	19.8	21.8	902,625	474,755	427,875	4.4	4.4	4.3	36,055	17,805	18,250	1.3	1.2	1.3
French	110	35	75	10.9	6.9	14.9	589,755	288,955	300,800	2.9	2.7	3.0	16,140	7,125	9,020	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	331,375	168,035	163,335	1.6	1.6	1.6	79,300	38,900	40,400	2.8	2.6	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,320	470	850	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	313,185	160,295	152,885	1.5	1.5	1.5	77,980	38,430	39,550	2.7	2.6	2.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0.2	0.1	0.2	4,745	2,165	2,580	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,945	860	1,085	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	210	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0.2	0.2	0.3	13,685	6,410	7,275	0.5	0.4	0.5
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	815	400	405	100.0	100.0	100.0	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,433,600	1,264,715	1,168,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	85	25	55	10.4	6.3	13.6	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	24.3	22.1	26.8	549,845	262,840	287,005	22.6	20.8	24.6
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0.3	0.4	0.2	10,065	6,785	3,275	0.4	0.5	0.3
No fixed workplace address	110	90	25	13.5	22.5	6.2	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	12.7	18.3	6.6	373,475	277,860	95,615	15.3	22.0	8.2
Usual place of work	615	290	325	75.5	72.5	80.2	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	62.6	59.1	66.4	1,500,215	717,240	782,980	61.6	56.7	67.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	620	290	325	100.0	100.0	100.0	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,500,215	717,235	782,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	65	50	15	10.5	17.2	4.6	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	59.0	55.5	62.4	774,620	341,895	432,725	51.6	47.7	55.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	490	205	290	79.0	70.7	89.2	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	21.6	22.1	21.1	638,825	322,890	315,940	42.6	45.0	40.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	15	4.8	6.9	4.6	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	18.5	21.3	15.8	77,845	46,415	31,440	5.2	6.5	4.0
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	4.0	5.2	3.1	98,060	60,210	37,850	0.9	1.1	0.7	8,920	6,040	2,875	0.6	0.8	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	730	375	350	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,873,690	995,095	878,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	705	355	345	96.6	94.7	98.6	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	83.9	86.4	81.1	1,497,765	824,995	672,775	79.9	82.9	76.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	640	330	315	87.7	88.0	90.0	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	77.5	81.5	72.8	1,376,410	775,555	600,865	73.5	77.9	68.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	60	30	35	8.2	8.0	10.0	844,155	343,100	501,050	6.5	4.9	8.3	121,350	49,440	71,910	6.5	5.0	8.2
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	7.7	6.0	9.6	174,045	72,290	101,750	9.3	7.3	11.6
Walked	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0	672,815	296,610	376,205	5.2	4.2	6.2	121,550	51,185	70,360	6.5	5.1	8.0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,615	92,195	46,415	1.1	1.3	0.8	36,790	22,990	13,800	2.0	2.3	1.6
Other method	15	15	0	2.1	4.0	0.0	285,820	144,225	141,595	2.2	2.1	2.3	43,535	23,635	19,900	2.3	2.4	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	730	375	350	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,873,690	995,095	878,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	310	180	125	42.5	48.0	35.7	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	32.0	28.4	36.2	595,470	276,270	319,200	31.8	27.8	36.3
15 to 29 minutes	330	135	195	45.2	36.0	55.7	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	34.8	34.5	35.3	637,130	333,835	303,295	34.0	33.5	34.5
30 to 44 minutes	55	25	30	7.5	6.7	8.6	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	19.1	20.8	17.0	369,645	216,975	152,670	19.7	21.8	17.4
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	1.4	2.7	0.0	910,610	542,485	368,125	7.0	7.7	6.1	137,115	81,460	55,655	7.3	8.2	6.3
60 minutes and over	30	25	0	4.1	6.7	0.0	926,120	599,115	327,005	7.1	8.5	5.4	134,330	86,550	47,780	7.2	8.7	5.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	730	375	350	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,873,690	995,095	878,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	40	15	7.5	10.7	4.3	938,820	701,960	236,865	7.2	10.0	3.9	125,470	91,685	33,785	6.7	9.2	3.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	105	80	20	14.4	21.3	5.7	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	17.4	20.9	13.4	298,120	192,650	105,460	15.9	19.4	12.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	285	140	150	39.0	37.3	42.9	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	26.3	25.3	27.5	449,315	237,080	212,235	24.0	23.8	24.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	165	60	100	22.6	16.0	28.6	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	20.8	16.9	25.2	418,635	186,225	232,415	22.3	18.7	26.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	10	35	6.2	2.7	10.0	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	12.7	10.6	15.3	303,745	133,880	169,865	16.2	13.5	19.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	85	55	30	11.6	14.7	8.6	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	15.5	16.3	14.7	278,405	153,580	124,825	14.9	15.4	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	285	145	140	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	884,130	455,675	428,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	255	135	120	89.5	93.1	85.7	897,205	456,120	441,085	12.2	12.1	12.4	55,575	28,115	27,465	6.3	6.2	6.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	10	10.5	10.3	7.1	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	87.8	87.9	87.6	828,550	427,565	400,990	93.7	93.8	93.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	205	110	95	100.0	100.0	100.0	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	100.0	100.0	100.0	651,050	336,315	314,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	185	100	90	90.2	90.9	94.7	682,190	346,420	335,770	12.7	12.5	12.9	43,010	21,805	21,205	6.6	6.5	6.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	175	95	80	85.4	86.4	84.2	467,685	234,475	233,215	8.7	8.5	8.9	23,960	11,755	12,205	3.7	3.5	3.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	4.9	4.5	5.3	214,500	111,950	102,550	4.0	4.1	3.9	19,050	10,050	8,995	2.9	3.0	2.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	5	9.8	4.5	5.3	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	87.3	87.5	87.1	608,040	314,500	293,535	93.4	93.5	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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