Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Feedback   Note: Gender   Download
Add a geography

Add a geography

You can add up to five (5) geographies to the table. For comparison of more than five geographies, please refer to the comprehensive download files.

#txt.addgeo.submit# Help

Search results

Add or remove data

Add or remove data

Topic:
Select all topics
Age
Age characteristics
Commuting
Select all: Commuting
Commuting destination
Commuting duration
Main mode of commuting
Place of work status
Time leaving for work
Education
Select all: Education
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Ethnocultural and religious diversity
Select all: Ethnocultural and religious diversity
Ethnic or cultural origin
Religion
Visible minority
Families, households, and marital status
Select all: Families, households, and marital status
Family characteristics
Household type
Marital status
Housing
Household characteristics
Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Select all: Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Admission category and applicant type
Age at immigration
Citizenship
Generation status
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Pre-admission experience
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Income
Select all: Income
Income of economic families in 2020
Income of households in 2020
Income of individuals in 2019
Income of individuals in 2020
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Indigenous peoples
Select all: Indigenous peoples
Indigenous ancestry
Indigenous population
Instruction in the minority official language
Select all: Instruction in the minority official language
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Labour
Select all: Labour
Class of worker including job permanency
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Labour force status
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Work activity during the reference year
Language
Select all: Language
All languages spoken at home
First official language spoken
Knowledge of languages
Knowledge of official languages
Language spoken most often at home
Mother tongue
Other language spoken regularly at home
Language of work
Select all: Language of work
All languages used at work
Language used most often at work
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Mobility and migration
Select all: Mobility and migration
Mobility status 1 year ago
Mobility status 5 years ago
Population and dwelling counts
Population and dwellings
Type of dwelling
Household and dwelling characteristics
GenderMore information:


Statistic:
Characteristic Eel River Crossing, Village (VL)More information:
New Brunswick
[Census subdivision]
 Remove		 CanadaMore information:

[Country]
 Remove		 SaskatchewanMore information:

[Province]
 Remove
Counts Rates Counts Rates Counts Rates
Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋ Total Men＋ Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 20211 1,844 ... ... ... ... ... 36,991,981 ... ... ... ... ... 1,132,505 ... ... ... ... ...
Population, 20161 1,953 ... ... ... ... ... 35,151,728 ... ... ... ... ... 1,098,352 ... ... ... ... ...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 - 5.6 ... ... - 5.6 ... ... 5.2 ... ... 5.2 ... ... 3.1 ... ... 3.1 ... ...
Total private dwellings2 887 ... ... ... ... ... 16,284,235 ... ... ... ... ... 513,725 ... ... ... ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents3 839 ... ... ... ... ... 14,978,941 ... ... ... ... ... 449,581 ... ... ... ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 28.3 ... ... 28.3 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 65.26 ... ... ... ... ... 8,788,702.80 ... ... ... ... ... 577,060.40 ... ... ... ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data 1,845 925 920 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,991,980 18,226,240 18,765,740 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,132,505 563,120 569,385 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 225 115 110 12.2 12.4 12.0 6,012,795 3,086,510 2,926,285 16.3 16.9 15.6 223,115 114,360 108,755 19.7 20.3 19.1
0 to 4 years 80 40 40 4.3 4.3 4.3 1,831,195 938,790 892,405 5.0 5.2 4.8 69,455 35,555 33,900 6.1 6.3 6.0
5 to 9 years 60 25 35 3.3 2.7 3.8 2,054,900 1,054,240 1,000,655 5.6 5.8 5.3 76,545 39,210 37,340 6.8 7.0 6.6
10 to 14 years 85 50 35 4.6 5.4 3.8 2,126,705 1,093,480 1,033,225 5.7 6.0 5.5 77,120 39,600 37,520 6.8 7.0 6.6
15 to 64 years 1,170 585 585 63.4 63.2 63.6 23,957,760 11,915,050 12,042,710 64.8 65.4 64.2 711,405 357,000 354,410 62.8 63.4 62.2
15 to 19 years 85 50 40 4.6 5.4 4.3 2,012,975 1,036,730 976,240 5.4 5.7 5.2 68,510 35,525 32,985 6.0 6.3 5.8
20 to 24 years 95 50 45 5.1 5.4 4.9 2,202,255 1,138,825 1,063,430 6.0 6.2 5.7 66,870 34,580 32,295 5.9 6.1 5.7
25 to 29 years 85 35 45 4.6 3.8 4.9 2,421,510 1,228,135 1,193,370 6.5 6.7 6.4 70,030 35,420 34,605 6.2 6.3 6.1
30 to 34 years 85 35 50 4.6 3.8 5.4 2,518,835 1,252,795 1,266,040 6.8 6.9 6.7 78,380 38,930 39,450 6.9 6.9 6.9
35 to 39 years 95 50 40 5.1 5.4 4.3 2,511,345 1,238,515 1,272,835 6.8 6.8 6.8 79,420 39,380 40,040 7.0 7.0 7.0
40 to 44 years 95 40 50 5.1 4.3 5.4 2,399,405 1,175,875 1,223,530 6.5 6.5 6.5 73,055 36,670 36,380 6.5 6.5 6.4
45 to 49 years 100 50 50 5.4 5.4 5.4 2,304,170 1,129,185 1,174,985 6.2 6.2 6.3 65,075 32,425 32,655 5.7 5.8 5.7
50 to 54 years 150 70 80 8.1 7.6 8.7 2,368,350 1,161,665 1,206,685 6.4 6.4 6.4 62,745 31,300 31,440 5.5 5.6 5.5
55 to 59 years 190 100 90 10.3 10.8 9.8 2,647,330 1,299,975 1,347,350 7.2 7.1 7.2 73,165 36,045 37,120 6.5 6.4 6.5
60 to 64 years 190 95 95 10.3 10.3 10.3 2,571,580 1,253,335 1,318,245 7.0 6.9 7.0 74,155 36,725 37,430 6.5 6.5 6.6
65 years and over 445 220 225 24.1 23.8 24.5 7,021,430 3,224,680 3,796,750 19.0 17.7 20.2 197,980 91,765 106,215 17.5 16.3 18.7
65 to 69 years 155 80 75 8.4 8.6 8.2 2,210,970 1,065,305 1,145,665 6.0 5.8 6.1 64,770 32,140 32,630 5.7 5.7 5.7
70 to 74 years 120 60 60 6.5 6.5 6.5 1,847,585 879,850 967,735 5.0 4.8 5.2 48,945 23,790 25,160 4.3 4.2 4.4
75 to 79 years 90 40 50 4.9 4.3 5.4 1,260,930 589,090 671,845 3.4 3.2 3.6 33,045 15,605 17,445 2.9 2.8 3.1
80 to 84 years 40 20 20 2.2 2.2 2.2 840,545 370,905 469,645 2.3 2.0 2.5 23,460 10,290 13,170 2.1 1.8 2.3
85 years and over 40 15 25 2.2 1.6 2.7 861,395 319,540 541,860 2.3 1.8 2.9 27,765 9,945 17,820 2.5 1.8 3.1
85 to 89 years 25 10 15 1.4 1.1 1.6 525,445 212,735 312,705 1.4 1.2 1.7 16,165 6,290 9,870 1.4 1.1 1.7
90 to 94 years 15 5 10 0.8 0.5 1.1 258,035 87,300 170,735 0.7 0.5 0.9 8,715 2,965 5,750 0.8 0.5 1.0
95 to 99 years 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68,380 17,670 50,715 0.2 0.1 0.3 2,435 625 1,810 0.2 0.1 0.3
100 years and over 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,535 1,830 7,710 0.0 0.0 0.0 450 60 385 0.0 0.0 0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 12.2 12.4 12.0 12.2 12.4 12.0 16.3 16.9 15.6 16.3 16.9 15.6 19.7 20.3 19.1 19.7 20.3 19.1
15 to 64 years 63.4 63.2 63.6 63.4 63.2 63.6 64.8 65.4 64.2 64.8 65.4 64.2 62.8 63.4 62.2 62.8 63.4 62.2
65 years and over 24.1 23.8 24.5 24.1 23.8 24.5 19.0 17.7 20.2 19.0 17.7 20.2 17.5 16.3 18.7 17.5 16.3 18.7
85 years and over 2.2 1.6 2.7 2.2 1.6 2.7 2.3 1.8 2.9 2.3 1.8 2.9 2.5 1.8 3.1 2.5 1.8 3.1
Average age of the population 47.0 46.7 47.3 47.0 46.7 47.3 41.9 41.0 42.8 41.9 41.0 42.8 39.8 38.9 40.7 39.8 38.9 40.7
Median age of the population 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 41.6 40.4 42.8 41.6 40.4 42.8 38.8 38.0 39.6 38.8 38.0 39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 835 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,580 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Single-detached house 745 ... ... 89.2 ... ... 7,872,310 ... ... 52.6 ... ... 322,070 ... ... 71.6 ... ...
Semi-detached house 5 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 746,560 ... ... 5.0 ... ... 13,680 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Row house 15 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 980,110 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 19,860 ... ... 4.4 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 20 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 821,490 ... ... 5.5 ... ... 11,240 ... ... 2.5 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 2,738,020 ... ... 18.3 ... ... 61,855 ... ... 13.8 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 1,596,155 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 11,040 ... ... 2.5 ... ...
Other single-attached house 5 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 34,880 ... ... 0.2 ... ... 755 ... ... 0.2 ... ...
Movable dwelling4 20 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 189,420 ... ... 1.3 ... ... 9,090 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,580 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1 person 250 ... ... 29.8 ... ... 4,396,015 ... ... 29.3 ... ... 130,110 ... ... 28.9 ... ...
2 persons 355 ... ... 42.3 ... ... 5,124,800 ... ... 34.2 ... ... 158,555 ... ... 35.3 ... ...
3 persons 125 ... ... 14.9 ... ... 2,194,825 ... ... 14.7 ... ... 60,185 ... ... 13.4 ... ...
4 persons 90 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 2,002,455 ... ... 13.4 ... ... 57,860 ... ... 12.9 ... ...
5 or more persons 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 1,260,850 ... ... 8.4 ... ... 42,875 ... ... 9.5 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,230 18,391,245 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,205 549,475 553,725 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average household size 2.2 ... ... 2.2 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 2.5 ... ... 2.5 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data 1,620 805 815 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,979,185 15,139,730 15,839,460 100.0 100.0 100.0 909,390 448,765 460,625 100.0 100.0 100.0
Married or living common-law 955 480 475 59.0 59.6 58.3 17,626,005 8,813,405 8,812,595 56.9 58.2 55.6 526,835 263,575 263,255 57.9 58.7 57.2
Married 690 350 345 42.6 43.5 42.3 13,725,625 6,859,755 6,865,875 44.3 45.3 43.3 440,040 220,210 219,830 48.4 49.1 47.7
Living common-law 265 130 130 16.4 16.1 16.0 3,900,375 1,953,650 1,946,725 12.6 12.9 12.3 86,795 43,365 43,430 9.5 9.7 9.4
Living common law - Never married 190 95 95 11.7 11.8 11.7 2,967,665 1,485,985 1,481,685 9.6 9.8 9.4 65,395 32,860 32,530 7.2 7.3 7.1
Living common law - Separated 15 5 5 0.9 0.6 0.6 123,830 65,045 58,785 0.4 0.4 0.4 3,075 1,580 1,495 0.3 0.4 0.3
Living common law - Divorced 40 20 15 2.5 2.5 1.8 721,715 365,760 355,950 2.3 2.4 2.2 16,305 8,125 8,185 1.8 1.8 1.8
Living common law - Widowed 20 5 10 1.2 0.6 1.2 87,165 36,860 50,300 0.3 0.2 0.3 2,025 800 1,220 0.2 0.2 0.3
Not married and not living common-law 665 330 335 41.0 41.0 41.1 13,353,180 6,326,325 7,026,860 43.1 41.8 44.4 382,560 185,185 197,370 42.1 41.3 42.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married 425 235 185 26.2 29.2 22.7 9,025,865 4,881,410 4,144,455 29.1 32.2 26.2 258,905 142,445 116,460 28.5 31.7 25.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated 60 30 30 3.7 3.7 3.7 741,135 319,045 422,090 2.4 2.1 2.7 20,685 9,310 11,375 2.3 2.1 2.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced 75 30 45 4.6 3.7 5.5 1,921,880 760,425 1,161,460 6.2 5.0 7.3 50,635 22,150 28,485 5.6 4.9 6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed 110 25 80 6.8 3.1 9.8 1,664,295 365,440 1,298,855 5.4 2.4 8.2 52,330 11,280 41,050 5.8 2.5 8.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data5 565 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 10,262,925 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 308,690 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
2 persons 355 ... ... 62.8 ... ... 5,306,105 ... ... 51.7 ... ... 160,870 ... ... 52.1 ... ...
3 persons 110 ... ... 19.5 ... ... 2,147,825 ... ... 20.9 ... ... 58,650 ... ... 19.0 ... ...
4 persons 80 ... ... 14.2 ... ... 1,953,035 ... ... 19.0 ... ... 55,775 ... ... 18.1 ... ...
5 or more persons 20 ... ... 3.5 ... ... 855,960 ... ... 8.3 ... ... 33,390 ... ... 10.8 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.6 ... ... 2.6 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Average number of children in census families with children6 1.7 ... ... 1.7 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 1.9 ... ... 1.9 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 565 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 10,262,925 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 308,690 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Total couple families 465 ... ... 82.3 ... ... 8,576,585 ... ... 83.6 ... ... 255,910 ... ... 82.9 ... ...
Married couples 335 ... ... 59.3 ... ... 6,627,310 ... ... 64.6 ... ... 212,520 ... ... 68.8 ... ...
With children6 100 ... ... 17.7 ... ... 3,481,775 ... ... 33.9 ... ... 106,385 ... ... 34.5 ... ...
Without children 235 ... ... 41.6 ... ... 3,145,535 ... ... 30.6 ... ... 106,135 ... ... 34.4 ... ...
Common-law couples 130 ... ... 23.0 ... ... 1,949,275 ... ... 19.0 ... ... 43,395 ... ... 14.1 ... ...
With children6 65 ... ... 11.5 ... ... 808,645 ... ... 7.9 ... ... 18,190 ... ... 5.9 ... ...
Without children 70 ... ... 12.4 ... ... 1,140,630 ... ... 11.1 ... ... 25,205 ... ... 8.2 ... ...
Total one-parent families 100 ... ... 17.7 ... ... 1,686,340 ... ... 16.4 ... ... 52,775 ... ... 17.1 ... ...
in which the parent is a woman+ 70 ... ... 12.4 ... ... 1,302,670 ... ... 12.7 ... ... 39,825 ... ... 12.9 ... ...
in which the parent is a man+ 30 ... ... 5.3 ... ... 383,670 ... ... 3.7 ... ... 12,955 ... ... 4.2 ... ...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,230 18,391,245 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,205 549,475 553,725 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total - Persons in census families 1,460 725 740 80.4 80.6 80.9 29,478,475 14,616,850 14,861,625 81.1 81.5 80.8 903,775 448,945 454,830 81.9 81.7 82.1
Married spouses or common-law partners 935 465 465 51.5 51.7 50.8 17,153,165 8,577,610 8,575,560 47.2 47.8 46.6 511,820 255,785 256,040 46.4 46.6 46.2
Parents in one-parent families 95 25 70 5.2 2.8 7.7 1,686,340 383,675 1,302,670 4.6 2.1 7.1 52,780 12,955 39,820 4.8 2.4 7.2
Children6 435 230 200 24.0 25.6 21.9 10,638,965 5,655,570 4,983,400 29.3 31.5 27.1 339,175 180,210 158,965 30.7 32.8 28.7
In a two-parent family 270 150 120 14.9 16.7 13.1 8,024,590 4,238,785 3,785,805 22.1 23.6 20.6 248,725 130,995 117,725 22.5 23.8 21.3
In a one-parent family 165 85 80 9.1 9.4 8.7 2,614,375 1,416,785 1,197,595 7.2 7.9 6.5 90,455 49,210 41,240 8.2 9.0 7.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 350 175 175 19.3 19.4 19.1 6,850,005 3,320,385 3,529,620 18.9 18.5 19.2 199,425 100,530 98,895 18.1 18.3 17.9
Living alone 245 130 115 13.5 14.4 12.6 4,396,015 2,048,495 2,347,520 12.1 11.4 12.8 130,105 62,520 67,590 11.8 11.4 12.2
Living with other relatives7 45 15 30 2.5 1.7 3.3 927,345 393,085 534,260 2.6 2.2 2.9 28,150 13,805 14,345 2.6 2.5 2.6
Living with non-relatives only 60 30 30 3.3 3.3 3.3 1,526,645 878,800 647,840 4.2 4.9 3.5 41,165 24,200 16,960 3.7 4.4 3.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,945 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One-census-family households without additional persons 525 ... ... 62.5 ... ... 8,932,695 ... ... 59.6 ... ... 275,515 ... ... 61.3 ... ...
Couple-family households 440 ... ... 52.4 ... ... 7,627,195 ... ... 50.9 ... ... 236,790 ... ... 52.7 ... ...
With children6 160 ... ... 19.0 ... ... 3,789,795 ... ... 25.3 ... ... 113,990 ... ... 25.4 ... ...
Without children 280 ... ... 33.3 ... ... 3,837,400 ... ... 25.6 ... ... 122,800 ... ... 27.3 ... ...
One-parent-family households 85 ... ... 10.1 ... ... 1,305,500 ... ... 8.7 ... ... 38,720 ... ... 8.6 ... ...
Multigenerational households8 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 441,745 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 9,815 ... ... 2.2 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households9 5 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 94,235 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 1,960 ... ... 0.4 ... ...
One-census-family households with additional persons9 20 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 450,415 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 13,265 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households 35 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 663,835 ... ... 4.4 ... ... 18,915 ... ... 4.2 ... ...
One-person households 245 ... ... 29.2 ... ... 4,396,015 ... ... 29.3 ... ... 130,105 ... ... 28.9 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data10 1,595 785 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,336,135 14,861,555 15,474,575 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,780 436,550 446,230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,550 765 785 97.2 97.5 97.5 29,241,810 14,316,155 14,925,660 96.4 96.3 96.5 844,920 417,025 427,895 95.7 95.5 95.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 35,200 38,800 32,400 35,200 38,800 32,400 41,200 46,400 36,800 41,200 46,400 36,800 42,400 48,000 38,400 42,400 48,000 38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,550 765 785 97.2 97.5 97.5 29,256,180 14,323,750 14,932,425 96.4 96.4 96.5 845,455 417,320 428,130 95.8 95.6 95.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 32,000 34,800 29,400 32,000 34,800 29,400 36,800 40,800 33,600 36,800 40,800 33,600 38,400 42,400 35,200 38,400 42,400 35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,270 660 610 79.6 84.1 75.8 26,045,500 13,010,250 13,035,250 85.9 87.5 84.2 757,325 379,255 378,070 85.8 86.9 84.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 27,800 29,800 25,800 27,800 29,800 25,800 35,200 42,400 29,200 35,200 42,400 29,200 36,800 44,400 30,600 36,800 44,400 30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,000 505 500 62.7 64.3 62.1 21,127,615 10,906,485 10,221,130 69.6 73.4 66.1 622,670 322,180 300,495 70.5 73.8 67.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 29,400 32,400 27,400 29,400 32,400 27,400 37,200 43,200 32,000 37,200 43,200 32,000 36,800 43,600 31,400 36,800 43,600 31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,325 640 685 83.1 81.5 85.1 25,401,740 12,065,555 13,336,180 83.7 81.2 86.2 751,755 364,545 387,210 85.2 83.5 86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 13,600 15,500 12,400 13,600 15,500 12,400 9,800 8,500 11,000 9,800 8,500 11,000 8,800 6,750 10,100 8,800 6,750 10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 390 200 185 24.5 25.5 23.0 3,185,840 1,548,250 1,637,590 10.5 10.4 10.6 84,485 43,415 41,065 9.6 9.9 9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,450 8,700 6,650 7,450 8,700 6,650 5,720 5,760 5,720 5,720 5,760 5,720 6,000 6,000 5,920 6,000 6,000 5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 390 190 200 24.5 24.2 24.8 8,373,550 4,140,705 4,232,845 27.6 27.9 27.4 214,100 103,150 110,950 24.3 23.6 24.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,500 7,000 7,500 7,500 7,000 7,500 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data11 1,625 820 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,245 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,595 810 785 98.2 98.8 97.5 29,242,935 14,316,595 14,926,335 96.4 96.3 96.5 845,425 417,040 428,380 95.8 95.5 96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 41,000 45,200 36,600 41,000 45,200 36,600 54,450 62,650 46,560 54,450 62,650 46,560 53,050 60,250 46,080 53,050 60,250 46,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,595 810 785 98.2 98.8 97.5 29,257,325 14,324,165 14,933,160 96.4 96.4 96.5 845,965 417,355 428,610 95.8 95.6 96.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 35,520 38,400 32,600 35,520 38,400 32,600 44,920 50,320 39,680 44,920 50,320 39,680 44,680 49,360 40,080 44,680 49,360 40,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,310 685 625 80.6 83.5 77.6 26,047,020 13,011,765 13,035,250 85.9 87.6 84.2 757,585 378,980 378,605 85.8 86.8 84.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 35,920 40,000 31,500 35,920 40,000 31,500 50,240 59,500 41,000 50,240 59,500 41,000 48,680 57,250 40,040 48,680 57,250 40,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,055 535 520 64.9 65.2 64.6 21,127,690 10,908,965 10,218,725 69.6 73.4 66.0 622,690 321,515 301,175 70.5 73.7 67.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 36,100 40,000 32,200 36,100 40,000 32,200 50,280 58,050 42,000 50,280 58,050 42,000 47,360 54,650 39,600 47,360 54,650 39,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,305 650 655 80.3 79.3 81.4 25,397,565 12,061,765 13,335,800 83.7 81.2 86.2 751,480 363,960 387,525 85.1 83.4 86.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 13,980 14,160 13,840 13,980 14,160 13,840 11,170 10,180 12,060 11,170 10,180 12,060 10,650 9,420 11,800 10,650 9,420 11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 365 190 165 22.5 23.2 20.5 3,179,395 1,544,580 1,634,815 10.5 10.4 10.6 83,595 42,755 40,840 9.5 9.8 9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 8,560 9,600 7,350 8,560 9,600 7,350 7,050 6,710 7,370 7,050 6,710 7,370 7,330 7,060 7,610 7,330 7,060 7,610
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 390 190 200 24.0 23.2 24.8 8,346,145 4,128,810 4,217,340 27.5 27.8 27.3 213,970 103,245 110,725 24.2 23.7 24.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 7,800 7,050 8,500 7,800 7,050 8,500 8,920 8,740 9,100 8,920 8,740 9,100 9,000 8,960 9,040 9,000 8,960 9,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data12 1,625 825 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,250 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 460 240 220 28.3 29.1 27.5 9,912,810 5,493,720 4,419,090 32.7 37.0 28.6 301,310 168,990 132,320 34.1 38.7 29.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 48,000 54,800 44,800 48,000 54,800 44,800 63,600 69,000 58,000 63,600 69,000 58,000 62,000 67,000 56,000 62,000 67,000 56,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 59,200 63,600 54,800 59,200 63,600 54,800 77,200 85,400 67,000 77,200 85,400 67,000 70,100 76,500 61,850 70,100 76,500 61,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 485 225 255 29.8 27.3 31.9 8,426,645 3,988,060 4,438,585 27.8 26.8 28.7 237,965 111,525 126,440 27.0 25.5 28.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 16,000 19,200 9,900 16,000 19,200 9,900 18,400 21,000 16,600 18,400 21,000 16,600 19,000 21,600 17,000 19,000 21,600 17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 19,900 23,200 17,000 19,900 23,200 17,000 29,160 33,960 24,860 29,160 33,960 24,860 29,120 34,440 24,440 29,120 34,440 24,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data17 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)18 72.0 74.8 68.5 72.0 74.8 68.5 82.2 86.4 76.8 82.2 86.4 76.8 82.2 86.4 76.8 82.2 86.4 76.8
Employment income (%)19 58.4 58.4 58.4 58.4 58.4 58.4 66.8 70.6 61.7 66.8 70.6 61.7 65.8 69.8 60.4 65.8 69.8 60.4
Government transfers (%)20 28.0 25.1 31.5 28.0 25.1 31.5 17.8 13.7 23.1 17.8 13.7 23.1 17.8 13.6 23.2 17.8 13.6 23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%) 4.7 5.1 4.3 4.7 5.1 4.3 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%) 5.7 4.4 7.3 5.7 4.4 7.3 5.4 4.5 6.6 5.4 4.5 6.6 5.0 4.1 6.2 5.0 4.1 6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%) 4.6 3.7 5.9 4.6 3.7 5.9 4.7 4.0 5.5 4.7 4.0 5.5 4.3 3.7 5.1 4.3 3.7 5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data21 1,590 785 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,336,130 14,861,555 15,474,580 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,780 436,550 446,230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without total income 40 20 25 2.5 2.5 3.1 1,094,320 545,400 548,915 3.6 3.7 3.5 37,860 19,525 18,335 4.3 4.5 4.1
With total income 1,550 765 785 97.5 97.5 97.5 29,241,815 14,316,150 14,925,660 96.4 96.3 96.5 844,915 417,025 427,890 95.7 95.5 95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss) 120 45 70 7.7 5.9 8.9 2,434,730 1,058,420 1,376,310 8.3 7.4 9.2 71,550 33,580 37,975 8.5 8.1 8.9
$10,000 to $19,999 190 70 120 12.3 9.2 15.3 3,448,185 1,445,240 2,002,945 11.8 10.1 13.4 92,735 40,045 52,690 11.0 9.6 12.3
$20,000 to $29,999 310 140 170 20.0 18.3 21.7 4,635,650 2,018,080 2,617,570 15.9 14.1 17.5 126,965 54,565 72,400 15.0 13.1 16.9
$30,000 to $39,999 285 145 135 18.4 19.0 17.2 3,723,680 1,648,300 2,075,375 12.7 11.5 13.9 105,405 45,260 60,150 12.5 10.9 14.1
$40,000 to $49,999 255 135 115 16.5 17.6 14.6 3,290,715 1,529,960 1,760,755 11.3 10.7 11.8 96,850 43,305 53,545 11.5 10.4 12.5
$50,000 to $59,999 150 80 65 9.7 10.5 8.3 2,677,465 1,302,135 1,375,330 9.2 9.1 9.2 80,190 38,235 41,955 9.5 9.2 9.8
$60,000 to $69,999 90 50 35 5.8 6.5 4.5 2,073,335 1,086,545 986,795 7.1 7.6 6.6 63,160 33,360 29,800 7.5 8.0 7.0
$70,000 to $79,999 60 30 30 3.9 3.9 3.8 1,592,465 887,985 704,480 5.4 6.2 4.7 49,340 27,775 21,560 5.8 6.7 5.0
$80,000 to $89,999 45 15 25 2.9 2.0 3.2 1,239,395 708,430 530,965 4.2 4.9 3.6 38,610 22,165 16,450 4.6 5.3 3.8
$90,000 to $99,999 15 10 5 1.0 1.3 0.6 965,950 553,435 412,510 3.3 3.9 2.8 30,895 17,430 13,460 3.7 4.2 3.1
$100,000 and over 40 35 10 2.6 4.6 1.3 3,160,245 2,077,620 1,082,625 10.8 14.5 7.3 89,220 61,310 27,910 10.6 14.7 6.5
$100,000 to $149,999 30 20 10 1.9 2.6 1.3 2,102,630 1,319,110 783,520 7.2 9.2 5.2 62,465 40,955 21,510 7.4 9.8 5.0
$150,000 and over 10 10 0 0.6 1.3 0.0 1,057,615 758,510 299,105 3.6 5.3 2.0 26,750 20,350 6,400 3.2 4.9 1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data22 1,590 785 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,336,130 14,861,555 15,474,580 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,780 436,550 446,230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without after-tax income 40 20 25 2.5 2.5 3.1 1,079,955 537,800 542,155 3.6 3.6 3.5 37,330 19,230 18,100 4.2 4.4 4.1
With after-tax income 1,550 765 785 97.5 97.5 97.5 29,256,180 14,323,750 14,932,430 96.4 96.4 96.5 845,450 417,320 428,130 95.8 95.6 95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss) 125 45 75 8.1 5.9 9.6 2,561,695 1,100,975 1,460,725 8.8 7.7 9.8 74,770 34,925 39,840 8.8 8.4 9.3
$10,000 to $19,999 195 70 125 12.6 9.2 15.9 3,608,250 1,521,395 2,086,855 12.3 10.6 14.0 96,975 41,905 55,070 11.5 10.0 12.9
$20,000 to $29,999 390 185 205 25.2 24.2 26.1 5,294,505 2,321,660 2,972,845 18.1 16.2 19.9 143,230 62,170 81,055 16.9 14.9 18.9
$30,000 to $39,999 330 170 160 21.3 22.2 20.4 4,442,970 2,035,725 2,407,250 15.2 14.2 16.1 125,245 55,255 69,990 14.8 13.2 16.3
$40,000 to $49,999 230 135 90 14.8 17.6 11.5 3,798,710 1,839,700 1,959,005 13.0 12.8 13.1 113,220 53,350 59,870 13.4 12.8 14.0
$50,000 to $59,999 135 70 60 8.7 9.2 7.6 2,833,120 1,471,200 1,361,920 9.7 10.3 9.1 87,685 45,835 41,850 10.4 11.0 9.8
$60,000 to $69,999 85 35 45 5.5 4.6 5.7 2,020,895 1,114,110 906,790 6.9 7.8 6.1 63,720 35,460 28,260 7.5 8.5 6.6
$70,000 to $79,999 25 15 10 1.6 2.0 1.3 1,428,520 814,645 613,875 4.9 5.7 4.1 47,135 26,270 20,865 5.6 6.3 4.9
$80,000 to $89,999 15 10 0 1.0 1.3 0.0 1,027,015 592,405 434,605 3.5 4.1 2.9 29,945 17,670 12,275 3.5 4.2 2.9
$90,000 to $99,999 5 5 0 0.3 0.7 0.0 643,700 402,325 241,380 2.2 2.8 1.6 19,390 12,375 7,010 2.3 3.0 1.6
$100,000 and over 15 10 0 1.0 1.3 0.0 1,596,790 1,109,610 487,185 5.5 7.7 3.3 44,145 32,100 12,040 5.2 7.7 2.8
$100,000 to $124,999 10 5 0 0.6 0.7 0.0 792,455 530,970 261,490 2.7 3.7 1.8 24,420 17,370 7,050 2.9 4.2 1.6
$125,000 and over 5 5 0 0.3 0.7 0.0 804,335 578,645 225,695 2.7 4.0 1.5 19,725 14,730 4,990 2.3 3.5 1.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data19 1,590 785 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,336,130 14,861,555 15,474,580 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,780 436,550 446,230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Without employment income 590 280 310 37.1 35.7 38.5 9,208,520 3,955,070 5,253,450 30.4 26.6 33.9 260,105 114,375 145,735 29.5 26.2 32.7
With employment income 1,005 505 500 63.2 64.3 62.1 21,127,615 10,906,485 10,221,125 69.6 73.4 66.1 622,670 322,175 300,490 70.5 73.8 67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss) 115 55 60 11.4 10.9 12.0 2,951,135 1,446,185 1,504,955 14.0 13.3 14.7 90,620 43,400 47,215 14.6 13.5 15.7
$5,000 to $9,999 105 45 60 10.4 8.9 12.0 1,739,570 765,825 973,750 8.2 7.0 9.5 49,340 22,310 27,030 7.9 6.9 9.0
$10,000 to $19,999 145 85 65 14.4 16.8 13.0 2,498,120 1,128,310 1,369,810 11.8 10.3 13.4 72,905 33,690 39,215 11.7 10.5 13.1
$20,000 to $29,999 140 65 80 13.9 12.9 16.0 1,960,665 902,615 1,058,050 9.3 8.3 10.4 58,850 26,960 31,890 9.5 8.4 10.6
$30,000 to $39,999 135 60 75 13.4 11.9 15.0 1,903,100 899,905 1,003,190 9.0 8.3 9.8 56,210 25,585 30,625 9.0 7.9 10.2
$40,000 to $49,999 115 60 60 11.4 11.9 12.0 1,859,845 899,795 960,055 8.8 8.3 9.4 54,395 25,875 28,520 8.7 8.0 9.5
$50,000 to $59,999 65 45 25 6.5 8.9 5.0 1,640,805 842,030 798,780 7.8 7.7 7.8 47,765 24,415 23,350 7.7 7.6 7.8
$60,000 to $69,999 45 30 15 4.5 5.9 3.0 1,367,510 754,825 612,685 6.5 6.9 6.0 40,940 22,855 18,090 6.6 7.1 6.0
$70,000 to $79,999 45 25 20 4.5 5.0 4.0 1,099,625 637,060 462,570 5.2 5.8 4.5 33,380 19,360 14,015 5.4 6.0 4.7
$80,000 to $89,999 35 10 25 3.5 2.0 5.0 929,490 539,395 390,095 4.4 4.9 3.8 29,020 16,645 12,375 4.7 5.2 4.1
$90,000 to $99,999 15 15 5 1.5 3.0 1.0 760,035 439,505 320,530 3.6 4.0 3.1 23,480 13,565 9,915 3.8 4.2 3.3
$100,000 and over 25 25 5 2.5 5.0 1.0 2,417,710 1,651,040 766,670 11.4 15.1 7.5 65,770 47,510 18,255 10.6 14.7 6.1
$100,000 to $124,999 10 10 0 1.0 2.0 0.0 1,129,445 714,235 415,210 5.3 6.5 4.1 31,845 20,990 10,855 5.1 6.5 3.6
$125,000 and over 20 10 5 2.0 2.0 1.0 1,288,265 936,805 351,460 6.1 8.6 3.4 33,925 26,520 7,405 5.4 8.2 2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data23 1,595 785 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,336,135 14,861,555 15,474,575 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,780 436,550 446,230 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,520 755 770 95.3 96.2 95.7 28,598,395 13,976,715 14,621,680 94.3 94.0 94.5 825,815 406,805 419,010 93.5 93.2 93.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 33,600 38,000 29,600 33,600 38,000 29,600 39,200 45,200 34,000 39,200 45,200 34,000 41,200 48,000 35,600 41,200 48,000 35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,525 755 770 95.6 96.2 95.7 28,617,610 13,979,960 14,637,655 94.3 94.1 94.6 826,075 406,845 419,225 93.6 93.2 93.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 30,600 33,600 27,200 30,600 33,600 27,200 35,200 40,000 31,200 35,200 40,000 31,200 37,200 42,400 32,800 37,200 42,400 32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,275 660 615 79.9 84.1 76.4 25,708,470 12,830,580 12,877,890 84.7 86.3 83.2 745,575 372,880 372,700 84.5 85.4 83.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 29,400 31,600 28,000 29,400 31,600 28,000 36,800 44,000 30,800 36,800 44,000 30,800 38,400 46,400 31,600 38,400 46,400 31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,020 515 505 63.9 65.6 62.7 21,241,445 10,932,825 10,308,625 70.0 73.6 66.6 619,030 320,010 299,020 70.1 73.3 67.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 32,400 35,200 29,200 32,400 35,200 29,200 38,000 44,400 32,800 38,000 44,400 32,800 38,400 45,600 32,400 38,400 45,600 32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,215 570 645 76.2 72.6 80.1 23,196,815 10,876,635 12,320,175 76.5 73.2 79.6 712,010 346,320 365,690 80.7 79.3 82.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 10,500 12,800 9,200 10,500 12,800 9,200 4,240 1,960 6,450 4,240 1,960 6,450 3,360 1,240 6,160 3,360 1,240 6,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data 400 210 190 25.1 26.8 23.6 2,428,800 1,182,025 1,246,770 8.0 8.0 8.1 69,035 34,850 34,185 7.8 8.0 7.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 6,950 8,500 5,880 6,950 8,500 5,880 5,720 5,560 5,960 5,720 5,560 5,960 6,360 6,240 6,500 6,360 6,240 6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data24 1,625 820 805 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,245 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,565 795 770 96.3 97.0 95.7 28,599,665 13,976,240 14,623,425 94.3 94.0 94.5 826,385 406,875 419,505 93.6 93.2 94.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 40,640 46,700 34,400 40,640 46,700 34,400 52,350 61,250 43,800 52,350 61,250 43,800 51,350 59,400 43,480 51,350 59,400 43,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,565 795 770 96.3 97.0 95.7 28,618,280 13,979,265 14,639,015 94.3 94.1 94.6 826,660 406,915 419,740 93.6 93.2 94.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 35,000 39,300 30,500 35,000 39,300 30,500 42,920 49,000 37,160 42,920 49,000 37,160 42,960 48,440 37,640 42,960 48,440 37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,320 690 625 81.2 84.1 77.6 25,709,140 12,829,990 12,879,155 84.7 86.3 83.2 746,260 372,755 373,505 84.5 85.4 83.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 37,920 43,400 31,800 37,920 43,400 31,800 51,040 60,800 41,320 51,040 60,800 41,320 49,600 58,900 40,320 49,600 58,900 40,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,075 560 520 66.2 68.3 64.6 21,242,575 10,934,760 10,307,815 70.0 73.6 66.6 619,710 319,750 299,965 70.2 73.3 67.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 38,400 43,600 32,600 38,400 43,600 32,600 50,560 58,800 41,800 50,560 58,800 41,800 48,320 56,150 39,960 48,320 56,150 39,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,250 580 670 76.9 70.7 83.2 23,191,860 10,869,800 12,322,065 76.5 73.1 79.6 712,110 346,290 365,820 80.7 79.3 82.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 10,840 11,960 9,860 10,840 11,960 9,860 7,950 6,990 8,800 7,950 6,990 8,800 7,580 6,400 8,700 7,580 6,400 8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 380 195 185 23.4 23.8 23.0 2,430,165 1,181,385 1,248,780 8.0 7.9 8.1 68,920 34,910 34,015 7.8 8.0 7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 7,560 8,700 6,360 7,560 8,700 6,360 7,560 6,880 8,210 7,560 6,880 8,210 8,030 7,450 8,630 8,030 7,450 8,630
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data25 1,625 825 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,250 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 455 240 215 28.0 29.1 26.9 9,831,805 5,446,500 4,385,305 32.4 36.6 28.3 299,100 167,785 131,315 33.9 38.4 29.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 48,000 49,200 44,800 48,000 49,200 44,800 60,000 66,000 53,600 60,000 66,000 53,600 58,800 65,000 52,400 58,800 65,000 52,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 58,400 63,600 52,400 58,400 63,600 52,400 73,200 81,900 62,250 73,200 81,900 62,250 67,100 74,200 57,950 67,100 74,200 57,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 455 215 240 28.0 26.1 30.0 7,934,985 3,759,675 4,175,305 26.2 25.3 27.0 222,840 104,130 118,710 25.2 23.9 26.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 22,400 25,800 17,600 22,400 25,800 17,600 24,200 28,000 21,800 24,200 28,000 21,800 24,400 28,600 21,800 24,400 28,600 21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 27,700 35,200 20,800 27,700 35,200 20,800 35,200 41,280 29,720 35,200 41,280 29,720 34,880 41,840 28,800 34,880 41,840 28,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%) 78.8 81.2 75.0 78.8 81.2 75.0 87.6 91.2 83.0 87.6 91.2 83.0 87.2 90.8 82.6 87.2 90.8 82.6
Employment income (%) 64.8 66.0 63.6 64.8 66.0 63.6 71.8 75.0 67.2 71.8 75.0 67.2 70.6 74.2 65.6 70.6 74.2 65.6
Government transfers (%) 21.3 18.8 24.8 21.3 18.8 24.8 12.3 8.9 16.9 12.3 8.9 16.9 12.7 9.2 17.4 12.7 9.2 17.4
Employment insurance benefits (%) 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data26 840 ... ... ... ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... ... ... ... 449,580 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($) 62,400 ... ... 62,400 ... ... 84,000 ... ... 84,000 ... ... 82,000 ... ... 82,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 56,000 ... ... 56,000 ... ... 73,000 ... ... 73,000 ... ... 73,000 ... ... 73,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data 245 ... ... ... ... ... 4,396,015 ... ... ... ... ... 130,105 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 31,200 ... ... 31,200 ... ... 41,600 ... ... 41,600 ... ... 42,400 ... ... 42,400 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 29,200 ... ... 29,200 ... ... 37,200 ... ... 37,200 ... ... 38,000 ... ... 38,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data 590 ... ... ... ... ... 10,582,930 ... ... ... ... ... 319,475 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 75,000 ... ... 75,000 ... ... 105,000 ... ... 105,000 ... ... 103,000 ... ... 103,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 68,000 ... ... 68,000 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data27 840 ... ... ... ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... ... ... ... 449,580 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($) 77,800 ... ... 77,800 ... ... 106,300 ... ... 106,300 ... ... 99,800 ... ... 99,800 ... ...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 67,400 ... ... 67,400 ... ... 87,700 ... ... 87,700 ... ... 84,100 ... ... 84,100 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data 215 ... ... ... ... ... 4,394,500 ... ... ... ... ... 129,935 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 36,800 ... ... 36,800 ... ... 53,350 ... ... 53,350 ... ... 53,300 ... ... 53,300 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 33,200 ... ... 33,200 ... ... 44,360 ... ... 44,360 ... ... 44,680 ... ... 44,680 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data 625 ... ... ... ... ... 10,584,445 ... ... ... ... ... 319,645 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 92,000 ... ... 92,000 ... ... 128,200 ... ... 128,200 ... ... 118,700 ... ... 118,700 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 79,200 ... ... 79,200 ... ... 105,700 ... ... 105,700 ... ... 100,100 ... ... 100,100 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data21 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,580 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Under $5,000 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 165,175 ... ... 1.1 ... ... 5,030 ... ... 1.1 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 5 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 91,750 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 2,640 ... ... 0.6 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 15 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 178,475 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 4,645 ... ... 1.0 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 274,140 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 8,295 ... ... 1.8 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 637,695 ... ... 4.3 ... ... 19,430 ... ... 4.3 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 35 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 505,875 ... ... 3.4 ... ... 15,705 ... ... 3.5 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 50 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 488,735 ... ... 3.3 ... ... 14,730 ... ... 3.3 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 50 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 560,950 ... ... 3.7 ... ... 17,200 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 40 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 572,650 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 17,145 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 45 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 559,155 ... ... 3.7 ... ... 17,225 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 85 ... ... 10.1 ... ... 1,093,185 ... ... 7.3 ... ... 33,580 ... ... 7.5 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 80 ... ... 9.5 ... ... 1,044,715 ... ... 7.0 ... ... 32,145 ... ... 7.2 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 986,460 ... ... 6.6 ... ... 30,370 ... ... 6.8 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 45 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 921,205 ... ... 6.2 ... ... 28,270 ... ... 6.3 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 45 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 844,835 ... ... 5.6 ... ... 26,025 ... ... 5.8 ... ...
$100,000 and over 190 ... ... 22.6 ... ... 6,053,945 ... ... 40.4 ... ... 177,135 ... ... 39.4 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 80 ... ... 9.5 ... ... 1,753,485 ... ... 11.7 ... ... 53,545 ... ... 11.9 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 50 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 1,283,445 ... ... 8.6 ... ... 39,320 ... ... 8.7 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 35 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 1,545,935 ... ... 10.3 ... ... 47,170 ... ... 10.5 ... ...
$200,000 and over 20 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 1,471,075 ... ... 9.8 ... ... 37,100 ... ... 8.3 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data22 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,580 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Under $5,000 5 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 186,735 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 5,735 ... ... 1.3 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 95,195 ... ... 0.6 ... ... 2,730 ... ... 0.6 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 15 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 183,430 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 4,800 ... ... 1.1 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 289,545 ... ... 1.9 ... ... 8,635 ... ... 1.9 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 681,900 ... ... 4.6 ... ... 20,715 ... ... 4.6 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 55 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 589,110 ... ... 3.9 ... ... 17,735 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 45 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 582,275 ... ... 3.9 ... ... 17,085 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 55 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 666,675 ... ... 4.5 ... ... 20,380 ... ... 4.5 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 55 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 676,995 ... ... 4.5 ... ... 20,090 ... ... 4.5 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 40 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 655,100 ... ... 4.4 ... ... 19,875 ... ... 4.4 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 105 ... ... 12.5 ... ... 1,285,425 ... ... 8.6 ... ... 39,515 ... ... 8.8 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 90 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 1,223,830 ... ... 8.2 ... ... 37,680 ... ... 8.4 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 60 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 1,137,840 ... ... 7.6 ... ... 35,090 ... ... 7.8 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 50 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 1,039,375 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 31,875 ... ... 7.1 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 40 ... ... 4.8 ... ... 911,515 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 28,180 ... ... 6.3 ... ...
$100,000 and over 135 ... ... 16.1 ... ... 4,773,995 ... ... 31.9 ... ... 139,455 ... ... 31.0 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 75 ... ... 8.9 ... ... 1,757,035 ... ... 11.7 ... ... 54,690 ... ... 12.2 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 35 ... ... 4.2 ... ... 1,152,855 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 35,800 ... ... 8.0 ... ...
$150,000 and over 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 1,864,100 ... ... 12.4 ... ... 48,965 ... ... 10.9 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data28 565 ... ... ... ... ... 10,117,305 ... ... ... ... ... 306,550 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 75,000 ... ... 75,000 ... ... 105,000 ... ... 105,000 ... ... 103,000 ... ... 103,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 68,000 ... ... 68,000 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ... 90,000 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data 285 ... ... ... ... ... 3,929,500 ... ... ... ... ... 124,905 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 68,500 ... ... 68,500 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 91,000 ... ... 95,000 ... ... 95,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 61,600 ... ... 61,600 ... ... 79,000 ... ... 79,000 ... ... 83,000 ... ... 83,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-only economic families 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data 170 ... ... ... ... ... 4,311,315 ... ... ... ... ... 125,315 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 113,000 ... ... 113,000 ... ... 136,000 ... ... 136,000 ... ... 130,000 ... ... 130,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 99,000 ... ... 99,000 ... ... 116,000 ... ... 116,000 ... ... 113,000 ... ... 113,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families 3.7 ... ... 3.7 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 95 ... ... ... ... ... 1,547,920 ... ... ... ... ... 47,700 ... ... ... ... ...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 56,400 ... ... 56,400 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 70,000 ... ... 62,800 ... ... 62,800 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 53,200 ... ... 53,200 ... ... 64,000 ... ... 64,000 ... ... 59,200 ... ... 59,200 ... ...
Average family size of one-parent economic families 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ... 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data29 305 155 150 ... ... ... 5,922,660 2,927,295 2,995,365 ... ... ... 171,275 86,725 84,555 ... ... ...
Median total income in 2020 ($)30 31,200 35,600 28,000 31,200 35,600 28,000 38,400 40,000 36,800 38,400 40,000 36,800 39,200 41,200 37,600 39,200 41,200 37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 29,200 32,400 26,000 29,200 32,400 26,000 34,800 36,000 33,600 34,800 36,000 33,600 35,600 36,800 34,800 35,600 36,800 34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data31 595 ... ... ... ... ... 10,113,100 ... ... ... ... ... 306,600 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 91,200 ... ... 91,200 ... ... 128,600 ... ... 128,600 ... ... 118,600 ... ... 118,600 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 78,800 ... ... 78,800 ... ... 105,600 ... ... 105,600 ... ... 99,800 ... ... 99,800 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data 305 ... ... ... ... ... 3,926,040 ... ... ... ... ... 125,115 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 86,000 ... ... 86,000 ... ... 112,500 ... ... 112,500 ... ... 111,000 ... ... 111,000 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 73,000 ... ... 73,000 ... ... 92,000 ... ... 92,000 ... ... 92,300 ... ... 92,300 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data 170 ... ... ... ... ... 4,318,755 ... ... ... ... ... 125,520 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 120,000 ... ... 120,000 ... ... 160,600 ... ... 160,600 ... ... 145,000 ... ... 145,000 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 104,000 ... ... 104,000 ... ... 130,600 ... ... 130,600 ... ... 121,200 ... ... 121,200 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 90 ... ... ... ... ... 1,539,580 ... ... ... ... ... 47,570 ... ... ... ... ...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 59,000 ... ... 59,000 ... ... 82,300 ... ... 82,300 ... ... 73,100 ... ... 73,100 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 54,000 ... ... 54,000 ... ... 71,800 ... ... 71,800 ... ... 65,900 ... ... 65,900 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data32 290 155 135 ... ... ... 5,916,895 2,916,490 3,000,405 ... ... ... 171,095 86,755 84,335 ... ... ...
Average total income in 2020 ($)30 38,400 45,000 30,800 38,400 45,000 30,800 49,440 52,050 46,880 49,440 52,050 46,880 49,640 52,300 46,880 49,640 52,300 46,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 34,000 38,500 28,800 34,000 38,500 28,800 41,560 43,080 40,120 41,560 43,080 40,120 41,960 43,200 40,680 41,960 43,200 40,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data33 1,810 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,230 18,391,250 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,475 553,730 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 17 years 275 140 130 15.2 15.6 14.2 7,196,545 3,696,540 3,500,005 19.8 20.6 19.0 261,770 134,340 127,430 23.7 24.4 23.0
0 to 5 years 85 45 40 4.7 5.0 4.4 2,225,085 1,140,315 1,084,775 6.1 6.4 5.9 83,310 42,545 40,765 7.6 7.7 7.4
18 to 64 years 1,105 545 560 61.0 60.6 61.2 22,545,065 11,159,405 11,385,665 62.1 62.2 61.9 657,835 328,185 329,655 59.6 59.7 59.5
65 years and over 440 210 225 24.3 23.3 24.6 6,586,865 3,081,285 3,505,580 18.1 17.2 19.1 183,595 86,950 96,645 16.6 15.8 17.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 290 120 170 ... ... ... 4,016,065 1,881,305 2,134,765 ... ... ... 147,955 71,010 76,945 ... ... ...
0 to 17 years 50 25 25 ... ... ... 854,565 439,490 415,075 ... ... ... 45,500 23,280 22,215 ... ... ...
0 to 5 years 15 10 5 ... ... ... 282,315 144,250 138,065 ... ... ... 15,520 7,735 7,790 ... ... ...
18 to 64 years 130 55 80 ... ... ... 2,175,755 1,050,115 1,125,640 ... ... ... 74,450 36,410 38,040 ... ... ...
65 years and over 105 40 65 ... ... ... 985,745 391,695 594,050 ... ... ... 28,000 11,315 16,690 ... ... ...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 15.9 13.2 18.6 15.9 13.2 18.6 11.1 10.5 11.6 11.1 10.5 11.6 13.4 12.9 13.9 13.4 12.9 13.9
0 to 17 years (%) 18.0 17.0 20.0 18.0 17.0 20.0 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 17.4 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.3 17.4
0 to 5 years (%) 18.0 24.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 12.0 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 18.6 18.2 19.1 18.6 18.2 19.1
18 to 64 years (%) 11.8 9.6 14.0 11.8 9.6 14.0 9.7 9.4 9.9 9.7 9.4 9.9 11.3 11.1 11.5 11.3 11.1 11.5
65 years and over (%) 24.8 19.5 29.0 24.8 19.5 29.0 15.0 12.7 16.9 15.0 12.7 16.9 15.3 13.0 17.3 15.3 13.0 17.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data33 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 35,837,970 17,691,535 18,146,440 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,047,470 521,355 526,115 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 17 years 275 145 130 15.2 16.1 14.2 7,043,545 3,618,040 3,425,505 19.7 20.5 18.9 239,370 122,980 116,385 22.9 23.6 22.1
0 to 5 years 85 45 40 4.7 5.0 4.4 2,175,935 1,115,010 1,060,925 6.1 6.3 5.8 76,215 39,020 37,195 7.3 7.5 7.1
18 to 64 years 1,100 540 560 60.6 60.0 61.2 22,262,940 11,019,070 11,243,865 62.1 62.3 62.0 628,090 313,165 314,925 60.0 60.1 59.9
65 years and over 435 215 225 24.0 23.9 24.6 6,531,490 3,054,420 3,477,065 18.2 17.3 19.2 180,015 85,205 94,805 17.2 16.3 18.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 55 30 30 ... ... ... 1,863,335 950,150 913,180 ... ... ... 42,310 22,585 19,730 ... ... ...
0 to 17 years 10 5 5 ... ... ... 319,545 164,490 155,060 ... ... ... 10,250 5,365 4,890 ... ... ...
0 to 5 years 5 5 0 ... ... ... 99,435 50,875 48,560 ... ... ... 3,285 1,675 1,610 ... ... ...
18 to 64 years 45 25 25 ... ... ... 1,344,640 702,660 641,975 ... ... ... 29,210 15,830 13,375 ... ... ...
65 years and over 5 0 5 ... ... ... 199,155 83,010 116,145 ... ... ... 2,850 1,390 1,465 ... ... ...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 3.1 2.8 3.2 3.1 2.8 3.2 5.2 5.4 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.0 4.0 4.3 3.8 4.0 4.3 3.8
0 to 17 years (%) 3.6 3.0 4.0 3.6 3.0 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.2
0 to 5 years (%) x x x x x x 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3
18 to 64 years (%) 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 6.0 6.4 5.7 6.0 6.4 5.7 4.7 5.1 4.3 4.7 5.1 4.3
65 years and over (%) x x x x x x 3.1 2.7 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.3 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data34The letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice. 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,230 18,391,250 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,475 553,730 100.0 100.0 100.0
In bottom half of the distribution 1,215 585 630 66.9 65.0 68.9 18,164,550 8,775,210 9,389,345 50.0 48.9 51.1 580,685 283,030 297,655 52.6 51.5 53.8
In bottom decile 235 100 135 12.9 11.1 14.8 3,632,735 1,759,660 1,873,070 10.0 9.8 10.2 129,985 64,240 65,750 11.8 11.7 11.9
In second decile 315 150 165 17.4 16.7 18.0 3,632,975 1,695,310 1,937,660 10.0 9.5 10.5 119,140 55,775 63,370 10.8 10.2 11.4
In third decile 255 135 120 14.0 15.0 13.1 3,632,895 1,752,160 1,880,735 10.0 9.8 10.2 112,825 54,665 58,160 10.2 9.9 10.5
In fourth decile 220 105 110 12.1 11.7 12.0 3,632,745 1,775,535 1,857,210 10.0 9.9 10.1 110,110 54,280 55,835 10.0 9.9 10.1
In fifth decile 200 100 100 11.0 11.1 10.9 3,633,205 1,792,540 1,840,670 10.0 10.0 10.0 108,615 54,070 54,540 9.8 9.8 9.8
In top half of the distribution 600 310 285 33.1 34.4 31.1 18,163,925 9,162,020 9,001,900 50.0 51.1 48.9 522,520 266,445 256,075 47.4 48.5 46.2
In sixth decile 190 105 90 10.5 11.7 9.8 3,632,910 1,810,370 1,822,535 10.0 10.1 9.9 107,950 54,265 53,680 9.8 9.9 9.7
In seventh decile 150 75 80 8.3 8.3 8.7 3,632,765 1,819,535 1,813,230 10.0 10.1 9.9 108,365 54,950 53,415 9.8 10.0 9.6
In eighth decile 120 65 55 6.6 7.2 6.0 3,632,555 1,829,025 1,803,530 10.0 10.2 9.8 108,465 55,155 53,315 9.8 10.0 9.6
In ninth decile 95 50 45 5.2 5.6 4.9 3,632,930 1,841,520 1,791,415 10.0 10.3 9.7 106,220 54,550 51,670 9.6 9.9 9.3
In top decile 40 20 20 2.2 2.2 2.2 3,632,765 1,861,575 1,771,195 10.0 10.4 9.6 91,515 47,520 44,000 8.3 8.6 7.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data35 1,815 ... ... 1,815 ... ... 36,328,475 ... ... 36,328,475 ... ... 1,103,200 ... ... 1,103,200 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household total income 0.288 ... ... 0.288 ... ... 0.347 ... ... 0.347 ... ... 0.332 ... ... 0.332 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household market income 0.458 ... ... 0.458 ... ... 0.462 ... ... 0.462 ... ... 0.447 ... ... 0.447 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income 0.254 ... ... 0.254 ... ... 0.302 ... ... 0.302 ... ... 0.293 ... ... 0.293 ... ...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income 3.2 ... ... 3.2 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 3.8 ... ... 3.9 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data36 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
English only 165 80 85 9.1 8.9 9.3 25,261,655 12,620,855 12,640,800 69.0 69.9 68.1 1,055,000 527,580 527,420 94.5 95.0 94.0
French only 350 160 190 19.3 17.8 20.8 4,087,895 1,914,500 2,173,390 11.2 10.6 11.7 450 210 235 0.0 0.0 0.0
English and French 1,300 665 640 71.6 73.9 69.9 6,581,680 3,244,350 3,337,330 18.0 18.0 18.0 51,970 23,490 28,480 4.7 4.2 5.1
Neither English nor French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 689,725 284,170 405,555 1.9 1.6 2.2 8,625 3,940 4,685 0.8 0.7 0.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data37 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 310 155 150 17.1 17.2 16.4 27,643,140 13,696,115 13,947,025 75.5 75.8 75.2 1,094,690 545,105 549,585 98.1 98.2 98.0
French 1,485 735 750 81.8 81.7 82.0 7,828,545 3,854,435 3,974,110 21.4 21.3 21.4 11,335 5,500 5,835 1.0 1.0 1.0
English and French 20 10 5 1.1 1.1 0.5 476,175 237,635 238,535 1.3 1.3 1.3 1,815 905 905 0.2 0.2 0.2
Neither English nor French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 673,100 275,685 397,420 1.8 1.5 2.1 8,200 3,705 4,495 0.7 0.7 0.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data38 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 1,745 865 885 96.1 96.1 96.7 35,145,265 17,344,665 17,800,600 96.0 96.0 95.9 1,082,470 538,920 543,550 97.0 97.1 96.9
Official languages 1,740 860 880 95.9 95.6 96.2 27,296,445 13,583,930 13,712,510 74.5 75.2 73.9 924,330 461,055 463,275 82.8 83.0 82.6
English 285 145 140 15.7 16.1 15.3 20,107,200 10,036,360 10,070,835 54.9 55.6 54.3 911,765 454,950 456,815 81.7 81.9 81.5
French 1,455 715 740 80.2 79.4 80.9 7,189,245 3,547,565 3,641,675 19.6 19.6 19.6 12,565 6,105 6,460 1.1 1.1 1.2
Non-official languages 10 0 5 0.6 0.0 0.5 7,848,820 3,760,725 4,088,090 21.4 20.8 22.0 158,135 77,865 80,275 14.2 14.0 14.3
Indigenous languages39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 148,895 71,630 77,265 0.4 0.4 0.4 20,785 9,935 10,850 1.9 1.8 1.9
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97,125 46,545 50,580 0.3 0.3 0.3 14,490 6,910 7,575 1.3 1.2 1.4
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,520 1,180 1,340 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67,665 32,715 34,950 0.2 0.2 0.2 13,810 6,595 7,215 1.2 1.2 1.3
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,500 2,825 2,670 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53,070 25,645 27,430 0.1 0.1 0.1 13,810 6,595 7,215 1.2 1.2 1.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 70 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 300 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,460 1,675 1,785 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,475 1,075 1,395 0.0 0.0 0.0 440 220 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,025 2,345 2,675 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,005 1,440 1,570 0.3 0.3 0.3
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,850 1,370 1,480 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,255 580 670 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,535 18,810 19,725 0.1 0.1 0.1 9,060 4,325 4,735 0.8 0.8 0.8
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,465 3,930 4,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 625 310 315 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,155 2,415 2,745 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,910 2,290 2,620 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 125 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,775 10,230 11,550 0.1 0.1 0.1 670 310 355 0.1 0.1 0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 865 400 460 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,310 4,525 4,790 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,605 5,300 6,300 0.0 0.0 0.0 665 310 350 0.1 0.1 0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 470 235 235 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 25 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,880 850 1,030 0.0 0.0 0.0 590 275 310 0.1 0.0 0.1
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,185 4,190 4,995 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,885 6,200 6,680 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,790 2,790 2,995 0.5 0.5 0.5
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,785 6,155 6,630 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,780 2,785 2,995 0.5 0.5 0.5
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 625 280 340 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 55 60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,060 3,865 4,190 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,780 2,785 2,995 0.5 0.5 0.5
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 70 105 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,505 755 755 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 400 195 200 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 120 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 840 440 400 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 80 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 40 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,390 725 670 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 5 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 465 210 255 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 40 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 15 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 50 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,790 16,480 17,315 0.1 0.1 0.1 30 5 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 220 340 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335 140 200 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 85 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,200 16,240 16,955 0.1 0.1 0.1 25 5 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 355 150 205 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 275 115 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 220 265 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 125 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,095 520 575 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 90 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 100 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 265 125 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 40 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 80 105 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,040 485 555 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 95 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 245 315 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 50 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 365 180 190 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,035 515 515 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 590 300 290 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 155 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 770 385 385 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 35 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300 180 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 70 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 95 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 5 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 75 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 10 0 5 0.6 0.0 0.5 7,699,925 3,689,100 4,010,830 21.0 20.4 21.6 137,355 67,925 69,430 12.3 12.2 12.4
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 698,355 359,625 338,730 1.9 2.0 1.8 7,795 3,935 3,860 0.7 0.7 0.7
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,490 14,715 12,775 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,760 13,130 11,625 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,340 1,365 975 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 395 225 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,985 1,085 905 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,315 740 570 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 675 340 335 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,015 510 505 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49,410 23,275 26,135 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,010 480 530 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,020 1,085 935 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 60 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,905 3,015 2,890 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 60 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40,730 18,775 21,955 0.1 0.1 0.1 690 320 365 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 755 400 350 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 40 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 618,450 320,045 298,405 1.7 1.8 1.6 6,730 3,425 3,300 0.6 0.6 0.6
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,685 12,090 13,600 0.1 0.1 0.1 370 170 195 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 508,410 265,350 243,060 1.4 1.5 1.3 4,610 2,370 2,235 0.4 0.4 0.4
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,690 13,465 14,220 0.1 0.1 0.1 665 330 340 0.1 0.1 0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,220 8,320 8,900 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 170 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,860 4,335 4,525 0.0 0.0 0.0 275 130 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,600 805 795 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,220 550 675 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,495 10,505 8,995 0.1 0.1 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,425 2,080 2,340 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,075 15,775 15,300 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,010 515 495 0.1 0.1 0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 450 235 220 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 192,985 87,230 105,750 0.5 0.5 0.6 3,590 1,705 1,880 0.3 0.3 0.3
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,525 8,820 10,705 0.1 0.0 0.1 125 65 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 173,000 78,180 94,820 0.5 0.4 0.5 3,455 1,645 1,815 0.3 0.3 0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 460 230 225 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 5 0 5 0.3 0.0 0.5 565,375 238,875 326,500 1.5 1.3 1.8 27,210 12,750 14,460 2.4 2.3 2.6
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,115 940 1,180 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 55 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,215 3,425 4,790 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 270 315 0.1 0.0 0.1
Cebuano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,945 7,800 11,145 0.1 0.0 0.1 1,365 620 745 0.1 0.1 0.1
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 605 325 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,690 3,900 5,795 0.0 0.0 0.0 365 175 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,520 14,140 19,380 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,085 490 590 0.1 0.1 0.1
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,910 4,990 6,920 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 35 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,100 465 640 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 40 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 670 275 395 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,085 990 1,090 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,245 580 670 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 835 415 425 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,330 570 760 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,615 2,635 2,980 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 140 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,050 900 1,150 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 461,150 194,805 266,345 1.3 1.1 1.4 22,680 10,680 12,010 2.0 1.9 2.1
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,625 690 935 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,740 2,035 2,705 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 140 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 78,235 35,650 42,580 0.2 0.2 0.2 225 110 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52,435 23,355 29,085 0.1 0.1 0.2 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 600 315 290 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 795 365 435 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,125 3,015 3,110 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 40 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 280 300 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,550 7,325 8,230 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,135 1,000 1,140 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 244,165 125,180 118,990 0.7 0.7 0.6 2,645 1,450 1,190 0.2 0.3 0.2
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,240 3,215 3,020 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 40 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54,050 29,375 24,670 0.1 0.2 0.1 1,660 915 745 0.1 0.2 0.1
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 152,850 75,010 77,845 0.4 0.4 0.4 440 235 205 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,045 17,095 12,950 0.1 0.1 0.1 430 245 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 310 305 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 170 195 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,180 1,175 1,005 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 565 265 305 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 5 0 5 0.3 0.0 0.5 4,124,860 2,018,340 2,106,520 11.3 11.2 11.4 73,910 37,200 36,715 6.6 6.7 6.5
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29,265 14,690 14,580 0.1 0.1 0.1 325 170 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,720 16,335 17,385 0.1 0.1 0.1 115 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 648,810 297,100 351,710 1.8 1.6 1.9 13,790 6,380 7,410 1.2 1.1 1.3
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,560 4,425 6,135 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 70 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,430 1,875 2,555 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,130 2,555 3,580 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 638,250 292,670 345,580 1.7 1.6 1.9 13,640 6,305 7,330 1.2 1.1 1.3
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 325 395 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,035 9,090 9,950 0.1 0.1 0.1 70 30 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,025 9,215 10,815 0.1 0.1 0.1 170 75 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,795 7,075 7,720 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160,170 72,120 88,050 0.4 0.4 0.5 1,335 595 740 0.1 0.1 0.1
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 197,905 89,100 108,800 0.5 0.5 0.6 2,565 1,180 1,385 0.2 0.2 0.2
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 500 240 255 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 105 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 116,735 56,900 59,835 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,080 550 530 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,820 6,785 7,040 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 120 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43,500 20,755 22,740 0.1 0.1 0.1 360 175 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57,425 28,410 29,015 0.2 0.2 0.2 445 240 200 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,995 945 1,045 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,255 6,930 8,320 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,965 3,425 4,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 84,705 38,005 46,695 0.2 0.2 0.3 8,030 3,685 4,340 0.7 0.7 0.8
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 440 235 205 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,150 1,110 1,045 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 665 355 315 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 425 210 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 825 410 420 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 135 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 5 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0 463,400 221,365 242,035 1.3 1.2 1.3 21,360 10,450 10,905 1.9 1.9 1.9
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,570 800 775 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 301,570 142,580 158,990 0.8 0.8 0.9 16,020 7,795 8,225 1.4 1.4 1.5
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 272,865 128,250 144,615 0.7 0.7 0.8 15,875 7,715 8,160 1.4 1.4 1.5
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,065 4,530 4,540 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,575 3,740 3,835 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 65 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,060 6,060 6,005 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 5 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0 138,655 67,815 70,840 0.4 0.4 0.4 4,795 2,400 2,395 0.4 0.4 0.4
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,270 6,175 6,095 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,360 720 640 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dutch 5 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0 80,315 39,000 41,310 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,020 520 505 0.1 0.1 0.1
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,670 4,255 4,420 0.0 0.0 0.0 540 255 285 0.0 0.0 0.1
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,270 650 625 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,200 16,410 16,785 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,765 855 910 0.2 0.2 0.2
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,935 1,325 1,605 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,275 9,500 10,775 0.1 0.1 0.1 515 245 275 0.0 0.0 0.0
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,945 4,750 5,195 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 110 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 905 430 480 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,535 1,675 1,860 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 85 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,890 2,645 3,245 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 35 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,330 670 660 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93,335 45,860 47,470 0.3 0.3 0.3 805 415 390 0.1 0.1 0.1
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,659,505 847,400 812,105 4.5 4.7 4.4 30,330 16,195 14,135 2.7 2.9 2.5
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,358,645 697,075 661,575 3.7 3.9 3.6 27,930 14,925 13,005 2.5 2.7 2.3
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 545 265 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87,580 45,160 42,425 0.2 0.3 0.2 3,680 1,925 1,760 0.3 0.3 0.3
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 138,985 73,335 65,655 0.4 0.4 0.4 5,175 2,930 2,245 0.5 0.5 0.4
Hindi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 152,825 79,585 73,240 0.4 0.4 0.4 2,395 1,375 1,020 0.2 0.2 0.2
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,930 3,100 3,830 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 745 395 350 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,425 1,675 1,745 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,145 7,330 6,810 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 100 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,425 11,920 11,510 0.1 0.1 0.1 745 390 355 0.1 0.1 0.1
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,775 940 835 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 30 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,125 615 510 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 645 325 320 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 666,585 341,515 325,065 1.8 1.9 1.8 8,555 4,570 3,985 0.8 0.8 0.7
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 545 265 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,985 2,070 1,915 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 80 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,000 8,895 9,110 0.0 0.0 0.0 285 130 155 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235,290 118,540 116,755 0.6 0.7 0.6 6,510 3,285 3,225 0.6 0.6 0.6
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,865 2,085 1,780 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 85 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300,555 150,160 150,390 0.8 0.8 0.8 2,390 1,265 1,125 0.2 0.2 0.2
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 305 250 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,485 8,770 7,715 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 95 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 310 240 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,520 10,170 9,355 0.1 0.1 0.1 480 275 205 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 262,625 130,180 132,440 0.7 0.7 0.7 1,660 855 805 0.1 0.2 0.1
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57,220 28,070 29,155 0.2 0.2 0.2 390 205 190 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 179,425 89,070 90,360 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,105 565 540 0.1 0.1 0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,975 13,040 12,930 0.1 0.1 0.1 165 85 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 815 425 390 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 305 165 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,194,290 574,295 619,995 3.3 3.2 3.3 7,130 3,495 3,635 0.6 0.6 0.6
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 905 470 440 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 319,505 154,295 165,205 0.9 0.9 0.9 595 295 300 0.1 0.1 0.1
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240,680 115,235 125,450 0.7 0.6 0.7 875 385 490 0.1 0.1 0.1
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93,160 44,185 48,975 0.3 0.2 0.3 735 360 380 0.1 0.1 0.1
Spanish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 538,870 259,500 279,375 1.5 1.4 1.5 4,915 2,450 2,465 0.4 0.4 0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,165 610 550 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 385 195 185 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43,850 14,205 29,650 0.1 0.1 0.2 250 75 180 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 170,400 77,075 93,325 0.5 0.4 0.5 1,690 815 880 0.2 0.1 0.2
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,850 800 1,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 108,295 52,850 55,440 0.3 0.3 0.3 2,890 1,485 1,405 0.3 0.3 0.3
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,120 6,400 6,720 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 115 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,855 1,000 860 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,685 745 940 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,955 1,030 920 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,520 1,825 1,695 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 815 400 415 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,890 885 1,010 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 760 320 440 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,175 2,720 2,460 0.0 0.0 0.0 305 170 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,380 3,365 4,015 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 75 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,260 1,925 2,335 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 520 245 275 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 515 260 260 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 695 365 325 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 920 420 500 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,660 4,035 4,625 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 90 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,605 1,665 1,940 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 50 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 505 315 190 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 520 200 320 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,000 7,630 8,370 0.0 0.0 0.0 445 225 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,030 495 535 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,890 2,605 2,285 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,015 7,605 7,410 0.0 0.0 0.0 835 435 400 0.1 0.1 0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,000 6,405 6,590 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 165 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,920 3,565 3,355 0.0 0.0 0.0 470 255 220 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,865 1,000 865 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 80 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,090 515 570 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,395 1,745 1,645 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 115 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 575 305 270 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 30 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,955 3,710 3,250 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 85 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,965 2,635 2,335 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 60 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 990 520 465 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,005 555 450 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,309,825 602,025 707,800 3.6 3.3 3.8 14,515 7,115 7,395 1.3 1.3 1.3
Chinese languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,292,640 593,580 699,055 3.5 3.3 3.8 13,470 6,595 6,875 1.2 1.2 1.2
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,765 4,420 5,345 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 679,255 310,750 368,510 1.9 1.7 2.0 9,150 4,495 4,655 0.8 0.8 0.8
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,310 665 645 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,805 12,415 15,390 0.1 0.1 0.1 155 80 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,880 3,995 4,880 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 35 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 553,380 255,540 297,835 1.5 1.4 1.6 3,765 1,825 1,935 0.3 0.3 0.3
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,610 5,500 6,110 0.0 0.0 0.0 285 140 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 630 295 330 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,600 8,160 8,445 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,015 510 510 0.1 0.1 0.1
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,305 1,590 1,710 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 70 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 870 400 475 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,520 2,240 2,275 0.0 0.0 0.0 785 395 390 0.1 0.1 0.1
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,900 1,940 1,960 0.0 0.0 0.0 675 350 330 0.1 0.1 0.1
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 305 315 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 45 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,025 3,475 3,545 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 5 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 890 445 440 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 585 285 295 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,350 8,605 13,745 0.1 0.0 0.1 420 170 245 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,485 5,475 6,010 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 130 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,455 2,960 7,495 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 40 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 410 165 240 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53,520 28,385 25,135 0.1 0.2 0.1 400 200 200 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,490 2,460 2,030 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 30 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 540 230 305 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44,190 23,615 20,570 0.1 0.1 0.1 295 155 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,355 660 690 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,805 890 920 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,150 530 620 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68,180 31,000 37,180 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,085 525 565 0.1 0.1 0.1
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,485 1,945 2,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,200 5,075 7,120 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 65 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 51,500 23,980 27,525 0.1 0.1 0.1 910 450 465 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,060 540 520 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 65 35 30 3.6 3.9 3.3 1,475,690 719,210 756,480 4.0 4.0 4.1 33,575 16,305 17,275 3.0 2.9 3.1
English and French 65 35 25 3.6 3.9 2.7 291,325 142,420 148,905 0.8 0.8 0.8 3,525 1,700 1,825 0.3 0.3 0.3
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 921,480 450,685 470,800 2.5 2.5 2.5 27,035 13,180 13,855 2.4 2.4 2.5
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 117,910 57,875 60,040 0.3 0.3 0.3 350 175 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52,880 25,900 26,975 0.1 0.1 0.1 415 195 220 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92,095 42,330 49,765 0.3 0.2 0.3 2,250 1,055 1,200 0.2 0.2 0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data40 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 290 145 140 16.0 16.1 15.3 20,920,835 10,420,570 10,500,270 57.1 57.7 56.6 938,715 467,760 470,955 84.1 84.2 84.0
French 1,315 640 670 72.5 71.1 73.2 6,456,960 3,188,280 3,268,685 17.6 17.7 17.6 2,095 1,010 1,080 0.2 0.2 0.2
Non-official language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,402,180 1,139,865 1,262,315 6.6 6.3 6.8 41,955 20,925 21,035 3.8 3.8 3.8
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50,460 25,385 25,080 0.1 0.1 0.1 4,235 2,105 2,135 0.4 0.4 0.4
Non-Indigenous 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,351,720 1,114,475 1,237,240 6.4 6.2 6.7 37,720 18,820 18,895 3.4 3.4 3.4
English and French 210 110 105 11.6 12.2 11.5 953,760 465,560 488,205 2.6 2.6 2.6 7,920 3,650 4,265 0.7 0.7 0.8
English and non-official language(s) 5 0 0 0.3 0.0 0.0 4,835,815 2,350,245 2,485,570 13.2 13.0 13.4 118,480 58,500 59,980 10.6 10.5 10.7
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 395,320 188,195 207,125 1.1 1.0 1.1 280 135 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 455,760 217,995 237,770 1.2 1.2 1.3 2,595 1,230 1,360 0.2 0.2 0.2
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200,320 93,165 107,155 0.5 0.5 0.6 4,005 2,005 2,000 0.4 0.4 0.4
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data41 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 1,770 875 895 97.5 97.2 97.8 35,057,615 17,305,575 17,752,035 95.7 95.8 95.7 1,084,685 539,755 544,930 97.2 97.2 97.2
Official languages 1,770 875 895 97.5 97.2 97.8 30,421,050 15,070,205 15,350,850 83.1 83.4 82.7 993,865 494,130 499,730 89.1 89.0 89.1
English 335 170 165 18.5 18.9 18.0 23,376,200 11,588,715 11,787,485 63.8 64.2 63.5 990,645 492,580 498,070 88.8 88.7 88.8
French 1,435 705 725 79.1 78.3 79.2 7,044,855 3,481,490 3,563,365 19.2 19.3 19.2 3,215 1,550 1,665 0.3 0.3 0.3
Non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,636,560 2,235,370 2,401,190 12.7 12.4 12.9 90,820 45,625 45,195 8.1 8.2 8.1
Indigenous languages39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85,835 42,950 42,885 0.2 0.2 0.2 9,060 4,505 4,560 0.8 0.8 0.8
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50,135 25,010 25,120 0.1 0.1 0.1 4,890 2,475 2,420 0.4 0.4 0.4
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 980 495 480 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,255 19,165 19,090 0.1 0.1 0.1 4,780 2,415 2,370 0.4 0.4 0.4
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,345 2,285 2,060 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,700 13,425 13,270 0.1 0.1 0.1 4,780 2,415 2,370 0.4 0.4 0.4
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 300 265 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,545 1,225 1,315 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 665 305 360 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 115 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,455 730 725 0.0 0.0 0.0 865 440 430 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 830 430 405 0.0 0.0 0.0 455 235 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,585 10,400 10,180 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,250 1,625 1,630 0.3 0.3 0.3
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,710 3,190 3,520 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 505 260 245 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,650 1,250 1,395 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,595 1,225 1,365 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,250 4,100 4,155 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 60 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 105 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,540 2,305 2,235 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,480 1,685 1,800 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 55 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 70 70 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 195 200 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,925 1,405 1,515 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,260 3,675 3,585 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,030 1,965 2,070 0.4 0.4 0.4
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,230 3,655 3,575 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,025 1,955 2,070 0.4 0.4 0.4
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 100 125 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,255 2,610 2,650 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,025 1,955 2,070 0.4 0.4 0.4
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 705 390 315 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 110 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 60 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 395 220 175 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 755 420 335 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 85 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,295 13,695 13,600 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 65 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,140 13,625 13,520 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 80 70 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 130 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 110 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 65 60 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 40 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 115 105 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 65 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 25 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 5 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 5 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,550,725 2,192,420 2,358,305 12.4 12.1 12.7 81,760 41,125 40,635 7.3 7.4 7.2
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 395,840 197,010 198,830 1.1 1.1 1.1 5,140 2,505 2,630 0.5 0.5 0.5
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,295 5,940 5,355 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,180 5,325 4,850 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 840 455 380 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 155 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 835 425 410 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 635 330 305 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 95 105 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 545 265 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,375 14,115 16,260 0.1 0.1 0.1 680 325 360 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,645 890 760 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 50 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,890 1,935 1,960 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,410 11,075 13,335 0.1 0.1 0.1 435 200 230 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 425 215 205 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 352,790 176,270 176,520 1.0 1.0 1.0 4,445 2,175 2,270 0.4 0.4 0.4
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,030 6,470 7,565 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 95 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 285,915 143,650 142,260 0.8 0.8 0.8 3,055 1,500 1,560 0.3 0.3 0.3
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,740 9,940 10,800 0.1 0.1 0.1 455 210 245 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,935 6,150 6,785 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 95 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,585 3,185 3,400 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 95 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,220 605 615 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 680 305 380 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,515 4,355 4,160 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 795 360 435 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,860 11,050 10,810 0.1 0.1 0.1 710 360 350 0.1 0.1 0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 135 115 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 127,730 58,660 69,070 0.3 0.3 0.4 2,735 1,340 1,400 0.2 0.2 0.2
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,650 4,765 5,880 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 116,785 53,735 63,055 0.3 0.3 0.3 2,700 1,325 1,370 0.2 0.2 0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300 160 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 326,245 149,550 176,700 0.9 0.8 1.0 16,905 8,200 8,705 1.5 1.5 1.6
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 760 370 395 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,125 1,895 2,230 0.0 0.0 0.0 315 150 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cebuano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,195 4,720 5,480 0.0 0.0 0.0 740 360 385 0.1 0.1 0.1
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 110 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,015 2,265 2,750 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 100 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,350 8,350 10,000 0.1 0.0 0.1 490 235 255 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,150 1,985 2,170 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 585 265 320 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 150 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 725 370 355 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 165 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 205 190 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 145 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,030 1,435 1,590 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 75 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 680 310 375 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 275,045 125,870 149,170 0.8 0.7 0.8 14,610 7,085 7,520 1.3 1.3 1.3
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 680 325 360 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,100 1,000 1,105 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 75 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,195 15,455 19,740 0.1 0.1 0.1 105 45 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,610 9,620 12,990 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300 125 175 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 150 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,640 1,760 1,880 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 135 160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,120 3,275 3,845 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 870 395 475 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 169,705 85,265 84,440 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,765 940 825 0.2 0.2 0.1
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,060 1,575 1,485 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,390 19,010 16,380 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,175 640 535 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112,335 54,240 58,095 0.3 0.3 0.3 275 130 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,470 10,215 8,250 0.1 0.1 0.0 260 140 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 120 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 105 105 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,335 730 610 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 105 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,264,155 1,111,775 1,152,380 6.2 6.2 6.2 40,455 20,825 19,625 3.6 3.8 3.5
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,110 7,005 7,100 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 65 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,970 10,415 11,550 0.1 0.1 0.1 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 303,480 143,495 159,985 0.8 0.8 0.9 4,420 2,220 2,200 0.4 0.4 0.4
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,495 1,120 1,380 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 880 395 485 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,615 720 895 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300,985 142,375 158,610 0.8 0.8 0.9 4,345 2,185 2,160 0.4 0.4 0.4
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 100 115 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,315 5,005 5,310 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,680 2,705 2,980 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,105 2,880 3,225 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65,140 30,225 34,915 0.2 0.2 0.2 330 150 180 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125,780 59,290 66,490 0.3 0.3 0.4 1,575 795 785 0.1 0.1 0.1
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 155 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 70 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53,150 25,720 27,430 0.1 0.1 0.1 465 235 230 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,480 3,135 3,345 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,925 6,965 7,960 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,110 15,310 15,800 0.1 0.1 0.1 255 135 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 640 315 325 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,015 2,410 2,605 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,375 595 785 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,825 13,250 14,580 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,700 870 830 0.2 0.2 0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 55 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 295 265 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 310 165 145 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 55 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 55 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140,450 68,575 71,875 0.4 0.4 0.4 9,335 4,615 4,715 0.8 0.8 0.8
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 110 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 103,780 50,460 53,325 0.3 0.3 0.3 7,845 3,845 4,000 0.7 0.7 0.7
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86,820 41,815 45,005 0.2 0.2 0.2 7,820 3,835 3,990 0.7 0.7 0.7
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,270 3,640 3,630 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,750 870 875 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,950 4,140 3,810 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,710 16,730 16,980 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,455 755 695 0.1 0.1 0.1
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,095 3,055 3,035 0.0 0.0 0.0 875 465 415 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,100 3,950 4,150 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 60 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,965 2,480 2,485 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 90 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 490 240 245 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,845 6,895 6,945 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 130 130 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 100 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,940 920 1,020 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 280 340 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 75 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 125 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 890 435 450 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 740 355 390 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,300 17,490 20,810 0.1 0.1 0.1 370 170 200 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,167,370 590,435 576,930 3.2 3.3 3.1 22,590 11,955 10,635 2.0 2.2 1.9
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 962,820 490,815 472,000 2.6 2.7 2.5 20,940 11,115 9,825 1.9 2.0 1.8
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 110 110 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56,750 28,435 28,315 0.2 0.2 0.2 2,700 1,415 1,290 0.2 0.3 0.2
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92,005 47,790 44,215 0.3 0.3 0.2 3,975 2,205 1,775 0.4 0.4 0.3
Hindi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91,930 47,555 44,375 0.3 0.3 0.2 1,670 950 715 0.1 0.2 0.1
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,055 1,310 1,750 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 130 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 880 415 470 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,460 3,800 3,660 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 45 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,835 8,595 8,235 0.0 0.0 0.0 540 285 255 0.0 0.1 0.0
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 795 420 375 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 525 275 250 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 145 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 520,390 266,775 253,610 1.4 1.5 1.4 6,955 3,665 3,285 0.6 0.7 0.6
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 410 195 215 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,110 1,060 1,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,665 4,775 4,890 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 70 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 158,040 78,420 79,615 0.4 0.4 0.4 4,645 2,370 2,275 0.4 0.4 0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,015 1,040 975 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 204,420 99,545 104,875 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,640 835 805 0.1 0.2 0.1
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 170 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,380 5,245 5,135 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 50 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 130 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,215 6,670 6,545 0.0 0.0 0.0 315 170 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 179,745 87,075 92,670 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,160 580 580 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,190 17,395 18,795 0.1 0.1 0.1 215 110 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125,840 61,060 64,780 0.3 0.3 0.3 835 420 415 0.1 0.1 0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,715 8,620 9,095 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 55 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 475 250 225 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 70 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 577,735 273,965 303,770 1.6 1.5 1.6 3,545 1,770 1,770 0.3 0.3 0.3
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 185 190 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92,755 38,750 54,005 0.3 0.2 0.3 125 55 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 118,730 56,685 62,045 0.3 0.3 0.3 415 200 210 0.0 0.0 0.0
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,090 23,135 24,955 0.1 0.1 0.1 310 155 155 0.0 0.0 0.0
Spanish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 317,365 155,005 162,360 0.9 0.9 0.9 2,685 1,350 1,335 0.2 0.2 0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 425 210 220 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 95 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,055 8,290 11,765 0.1 0.0 0.1 90 30 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125,525 58,250 67,275 0.3 0.3 0.4 1,250 625 630 0.1 0.1 0.1
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,050 505 545 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,600 18,055 20,545 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,130 550 580 0.1 0.1 0.1
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,000 2,755 3,240 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 280 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 365 150 215 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 470 225 245 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,315 665 650 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260 115 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 260 295 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 50 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,530 770 765 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,720 1,205 1,520 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,520 655 860 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 35 60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 30 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 85 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 130 160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,780 1,760 2,025 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 50 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,035 480 555 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 145 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 45 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,055 3,290 3,765 0.0 0.0 0.0 240 125 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 130 160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,945 1,040 910 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,395 2,505 2,890 0.0 0.0 0.0 300 135 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,720 1,250 1,470 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,155 1,555 1,600 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 120 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 900 485 420 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 645 295 355 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,465 705 760 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 75 70 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,160 7,005 5,160 0.0 0.0 0.0 355 205 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,175 4,660 3,515 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 150 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,475 830 645 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,520 1,515 1,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 60 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 967,965 450,210 517,755 2.6 2.5 2.8 11,010 5,445 5,565 1.0 1.0 1.0
Chinese languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 955,685 444,115 511,565 2.6 2.5 2.8 10,220 5,040 5,180 0.9 0.9 0.9
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,625 1,645 1,985 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 530,945 249,675 281,270 1.4 1.4 1.5 7,415 3,695 3,715 0.7 0.7 0.7
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 775 370 405 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,945 6,255 7,685 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,750 2,705 3,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 393,430 180,000 213,435 1.1 1.0 1.2 2,490 1,190 1,295 0.2 0.2 0.2
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,985 3,360 3,625 0.0 0.0 0.0 200 95 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 110 115 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,990 5,960 6,035 0.0 0.0 0.0 780 400 380 0.1 0.1 0.1
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,075 1,010 1,070 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 660 320 340 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,400 1,725 1,675 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 310 300 0.1 0.1 0.1
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,960 1,500 1,460 0.0 0.0 0.0 530 270 260 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 440 225 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 45 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,395 2,680 2,705 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 465 225 240 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 135 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,120 4,660 5,460 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 75 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,955 2,850 3,105 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 60 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,955 1,725 2,230 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 210 85 125 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32,490 16,530 15,960 0.1 0.1 0.1 220 110 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,200 1,095 1,105 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 55 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,970 14,290 13,685 0.1 0.1 0.1 180 95 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 850 420 435 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 950 470 480 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 0 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 410 195 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,790 8,625 10,165 0.1 0.0 0.1 175 90 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 245 370 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 5 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,880 825 1,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 5 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,295 7,550 8,745 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 80 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 195 195 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 45 20 20 2.5 2.2 2.2 1,563,345 758,295 805,045 4.3 4.2 4.3 31,360 15,460 15,900 2.8 2.8 2.8
English and French 45 20 20 2.5 2.2 2.2 230,955 112,070 118,880 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,325 615 715 0.1 0.1 0.1
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,123,355 546,255 577,095 3.1 3.0 3.1 29,060 14,370 14,695 2.6 2.6 2.6
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125,525 60,405 65,125 0.3 0.3 0.4 130 60 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56,805 27,370 29,430 0.2 0.2 0.2 250 130 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,705 12,190 14,515 0.1 0.1 0.1 590 285 305 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data42 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,620,955 18,063,870 18,557,085 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,116,045 555,220 560,825 100.0 100.0 100.0
None 1,645 815 830 90.6 90.6 90.7 31,053,450 15,366,470 15,686,980 84.8 85.1 84.5 1,008,760 502,475 506,285 90.4 90.5 90.3
English 120 60 60 6.6 6.7 6.6 1,956,965 969,380 987,580 5.3 5.4 5.3 39,070 19,635 19,435 3.5 3.5 3.5
French 45 20 20 2.5 2.2 2.2 571,040 268,530 302,510 1.6 1.5 1.6 6,395 2,935 3,455 0.6 0.5 0.6
Non-official language 5 0 5 0.3 0.0 0.5 2,248,130 1,071,870 1,176,260 6.1 5.9 6.3 48,520 23,370 25,145 4.3 4.2 4.5
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 63,565 29,285 34,280 0.2 0.2 0.2 10,735 4,980 5,755 1.0 0.9 1.0
Non-Indigenous 5 0 5 0.3 0.0 0.5 2,184,565 1,042,590 1,141,975 6.0 5.8 6.2 37,785 18,390 19,395 3.4 3.3 3.5
English and French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86,185 42,600 43,585 0.2 0.2 0.2 345 180 170 0.0 0.0 0.0
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 323,845 161,995 161,850 0.9 0.9 0.9 6,935 3,595 3,345 0.6 0.6 0.6
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 134,565 61,575 72,995 0.4 0.3 0.4 1,155 515 640 0.1 0.1 0.1
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,870 5,975 5,895 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 40 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 234,905 115,470 119,430 0.6 0.6 0.6 4,795 2,475 2,320 0.4 0.4 0.4
Knowledge of languagesThe letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice.
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data43 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,310 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,705 100.0 100.0 100.0
Official languages 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 35,644,660 17,656,300 17,988,360 98.1 98.4 97.8 1,095,170 545,875 549,300 99.3 99.3 99.2
English 1,470 750 725 81.0 83.3 79.2 31,628,570 15,769,105 15,859,470 87.1 87.9 86.2 1,094,790 545,650 549,135 99.2 99.3 99.2
French 1,700 840 865 93.7 93.3 94.5 10,563,235 5,115,365 5,447,875 29.1 28.5 29.6 52,065 23,725 28,335 4.7 4.3 5.1
Non-official languages 20 15 0 1.1 1.7 0.0 10,724,700 5,156,300 5,568,400 29.5 28.7 30.3 209,395 103,350 106,050 19.0 18.8 19.2
Indigenous languages39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 243,155 116,360 126,795 0.7 0.6 0.7 35,075 16,800 18,280 3.2 3.1 3.3
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 163,815 78,135 85,675 0.5 0.4 0.5 25,960 12,535 13,430 2.4 2.3 2.4
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,680 3,120 3,560 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105,850 50,975 54,870 0.3 0.3 0.3 24,850 11,960 12,895 2.3 2.2 2.3
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,815 3,455 3,360 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87,875 42,340 45,530 0.2 0.2 0.2 24,850 11,960 12,895 2.3 2.2 2.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 420 220 200 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 895 450 445 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,880 2,320 2,555 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 65 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,675 2,025 2,645 0.0 0.0 0.0 855 440 415 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,005 5,440 6,555 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,450 3,070 3,375 0.6 0.6 0.6
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,110 2,460 2,650 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,365 1,125 1,235 0.2 0.2 0.2
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 61,000 29,930 31,070 0.2 0.2 0.2 15,355 7,415 7,945 1.4 1.3 1.4
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,745 4,935 5,805 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,035 515 525 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,035 4,770 5,260 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,245 4,370 4,880 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 820 420 400 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,865 20,015 22,850 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,330 685 640 0.1 0.1 0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,950 895 1,060 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,305 7,450 7,855 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,160 11,930 14,235 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,275 665 610 0.1 0.1 0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,035 875 1,165 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 80 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,625 1,670 1,955 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,120 575 550 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,720 9,495 11,225 0.1 0.1 0.1 145 90 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 100 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,390 9,635 10,755 0.1 0.1 0.1 8,085 3,795 4,295 0.7 0.7 0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,135 9,515 10,620 0.1 0.1 0.1 8,080 3,795 4,285 0.7 0.7 0.8
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,550 680 870 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 270 125 145 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,560 5,470 6,085 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,080 3,795 4,285 0.7 0.7 0.8
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 115 180 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,330 1,140 1,190 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 775 355 420 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 415 195 215 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,210 620 590 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 480 265 220 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 130 115 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 140 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,140 1,080 1,060 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 40 95 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 870 400 470 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 75 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 120 190 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 50 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 50 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 140 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 75 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 55 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 90 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,795 20,980 21,820 0.1 0.1 0.1 60 20 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,140 505 630 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 795 365 430 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 350 145 205 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,680 20,495 21,185 0.1 0.1 0.1 60 20 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 30 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,055 880 1,175 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 230 95 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,605 655 950 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 210 105 110 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 90 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,905 850 1,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 855 395 460 0.1 0.1 0.1
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,305 2,555 2,755 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,415 670 745 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 600 285 305 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 510 300 215 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,090 510 580 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 350 165 185 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 135 185 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 705 320 390 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 190 175 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,965 1,465 1,495 0.0 0.0 0.0 725 365 360 0.1 0.1 0.1
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 195 175 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 110 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,530 715 810 0.0 0.0 0.0 395 185 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 925 470 455 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 180 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 70 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,665 1,335 1,335 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,135 555 580 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,110 595 515 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 465 210 255 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,205 1,010 1,200 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 145 145 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335 170 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 820 355 465 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 700 315 390 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 645 310 335 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 855 405 450 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 15 15 0 0.8 1.7 0.0 10,485,595 5,041,770 5,443,825 28.9 28.1 29.6 174,635 86,680 87,955 15.8 15.8 15.9
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,100,035 565,845 534,195 3.0 3.2 2.9 11,165 5,770 5,395 1.0 1.1 1.0
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,835 22,775 20,060 0.1 0.1 0.1 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37,415 19,660 17,755 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,735 2,720 2,015 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,330 750 575 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,090 3,740 3,350 0.0 0.0 0.0 265 125 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hausa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,080 2,695 2,380 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 105 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,010 1,040 965 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,690 1,790 1,900 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 71,930 34,430 37,500 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,415 720 695 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,745 1,490 1,260 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 95 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,635 4,860 4,780 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 85 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59,005 27,735 31,270 0.2 0.2 0.2 900 450 455 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,400 760 645 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 95 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,015,485 524,700 490,780 2.8 2.9 2.7 9,850 5,120 4,735 0.9 0.9 0.9
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,305 23,910 24,395 0.1 0.1 0.1 855 440 415 0.1 0.1 0.1
Arabic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 838,045 436,510 401,540 2.3 2.4 2.2 7,265 3,825 3,445 0.7 0.7 0.6
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 39,655 19,690 19,965 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,200 565 630 0.1 0.1 0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,865 11,765 12,100 0.1 0.1 0.1 605 280 325 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,285 6,625 6,655 0.0 0.0 0.0 540 255 285 0.0 0.0 0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,195 1,625 1,570 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 70 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Harari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,000 925 1,075 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 83,205 42,515 40,685 0.2 0.2 0.2 470 250 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,535 3,080 3,450 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,970 23,120 22,845 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,365 710 660 0.1 0.1 0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,760 1,065 695 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 90 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260,030 120,035 139,995 0.7 0.7 0.8 4,625 2,275 2,355 0.4 0.4 0.4
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,390 13,100 15,290 0.1 0.1 0.1 170 100 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 232,800 107,435 125,355 0.6 0.6 0.7 4,440 2,165 2,280 0.4 0.4 0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 910 455 455 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 793,275 336,445 456,840 2.2 1.9 2.5 37,460 17,730 19,730 3.4 3.2 3.6
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,260 1,975 2,275 0.0 0.0 0.0 305 130 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,990 4,625 6,375 0.0 0.0 0.0 915 430 485 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cebuano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,045 13,790 19,250 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,180 1,010 1,175 0.2 0.2 0.2
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,765 900 865 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 55 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,385 6,650 9,735 0.0 0.0 0.1 605 270 335 0.1 0.0 0.1
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 61,680 25,280 36,400 0.2 0.1 0.2 2,500 1,175 1,320 0.2 0.2 0.2
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,815 8,895 10,915 0.1 0.0 0.1 215 85 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,950 770 1,175 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 90 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinaray-a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 860 345 510 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,885 1,960 1,920 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Merina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,355 1,215 1,140 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,565 785 780 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,770 4,995 5,775 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 65 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,555 4,690 5,865 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 250 235 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,455 1,885 2,575 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 50 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 737,565 310,735 426,830 2.0 1.7 2.3 36,125 17,020 19,110 3.3 3.1 3.5
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,520 1,910 2,610 0.0 0.0 0.0 245 120 130 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,140 8,785 11,355 0.1 0.0 0.1 1,155 545 615 0.1 0.1 0.1
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 184,840 85,045 99,790 0.5 0.5 0.5 950 480 470 0.1 0.1 0.1
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 134,895 61,215 73,680 0.4 0.3 0.4 45 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,875 2,200 2,675 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 70 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Krio 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,955 870 1,090 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,345 7,620 7,725 0.0 0.0 0.0 385 195 190 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sango 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,535 785 750 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,220 14,400 16,825 0.1 0.1 0.1 205 80 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,585 4,575 5,005 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 70 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 359,485 185,160 174,325 1.0 1.0 0.9 4,190 2,210 1,980 0.4 0.4 0.4
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,420 9,660 8,760 0.1 0.1 0.0 225 110 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77,910 42,025 35,890 0.2 0.2 0.2 2,515 1,335 1,180 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 237,890 119,570 118,320 0.7 0.7 0.6 1,120 625 495 0.1 0.1 0.1
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54,685 30,575 24,110 0.2 0.2 0.1 845 445 400 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tulu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,765 935 835 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 970 450 520 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,015 1,565 1,445 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 365 360 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 15 10 0 0.8 1.1 0.0 5,849,775 2,867,575 2,982,195 16.1 16.0 16.2 89,555 45,335 44,220 8.1 8.3 8.0
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,345 19,410 18,935 0.1 0.1 0.1 380 220 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44,500 21,675 22,825 0.1 0.1 0.1 90 35 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 820,305 384,390 435,915 2.3 2.1 2.4 17,185 7,985 9,200 1.6 1.5 1.7
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,890 5,900 7,985 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 85 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,020 2,595 3,425 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 40 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,895 3,325 4,570 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 45 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 809,985 380,025 429,960 2.2 2.1 2.3 17,095 7,945 9,145 1.5 1.4 1.7
Belarusian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,825 1,185 1,640 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,210 11,805 12,400 0.1 0.1 0.1 100 50 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,625 13,595 15,030 0.1 0.1 0.1 190 90 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,015 10,965 12,050 0.1 0.1 0.1 90 50 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 204,460 94,135 110,325 0.6 0.5 0.6 1,745 800 945 0.2 0.1 0.2
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 309,235 145,375 163,860 0.9 0.8 0.9 5,305 2,590 2,715 0.5 0.5 0.5
Rusyn 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 680 345 330 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 130 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155,775 76,800 78,975 0.4 0.4 0.4 1,705 865 835 0.2 0.2 0.2
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,380 12,555 12,825 0.1 0.1 0.1 400 195 200 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 73,845 36,015 37,830 0.2 0.2 0.2 745 405 340 0.1 0.1 0.1
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 83,735 41,550 42,185 0.2 0.2 0.2 965 495 470 0.1 0.1 0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,085 1,590 1,500 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,905 9,455 11,450 0.1 0.1 0.1 135 60 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,650 4,715 5,935 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 60 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 131,655 59,230 72,425 0.4 0.3 0.4 10,795 4,935 5,855 1.0 0.9 1.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 770 385 385 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,485 5,430 5,055 0.0 0.0 0.0 185 105 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,360 2,940 2,415 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,170 1,050 1,120 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 35 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,170 1,015 1,155 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 15 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 910 495 415 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 658,705 319,800 338,905 1.8 1.8 1.8 18,455 9,290 9,165 1.7 1.7 1.7
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,835 1,480 1,350 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 25 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 453,995 222,215 231,780 1.2 1.2 1.3 11,940 5,995 5,945 1.1 1.1 1.1
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 419,195 204,840 214,355 1.2 1.1 1.2 11,815 5,935 5,880 1.1 1.1 1.1
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,565 5,260 5,305 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,465 5,025 5,440 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 70 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,155 10,105 10,045 0.1 0.1 0.1 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 191,840 93,435 98,405 0.5 0.5 0.5 6,140 3,205 2,935 0.6 0.6 0.5
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29,670 15,335 14,335 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,175 1,185 990 0.2 0.2 0.2
Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 107,985 51,330 56,650 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,285 680 605 0.1 0.1 0.1
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,555 5,245 5,315 0.0 0.0 0.0 590 275 315 0.1 0.1 0.1
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,310 640 670 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,165 20,590 20,575 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,015 1,025 980 0.2 0.2 0.2
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,985 1,825 2,155 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 50 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37,500 17,205 20,300 0.1 0.1 0.1 955 395 560 0.1 0.1 0.1
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,700 6,805 7,900 0.0 0.0 0.0 255 135 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,475 685 790 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,860 4,180 4,675 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 175 305 0.0 0.0 0.1
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,620 6,765 7,855 0.0 0.0 0.0 235 100 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,275 720 555 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145,060 71,685 73,375 0.4 0.4 0.4 1,430 730 705 0.1 0.1 0.1
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,263,825 1,162,830 1,100,990 6.2 6.5 6.0 39,895 21,385 18,505 3.6 3.9 3.3
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,918,570 989,350 929,220 5.3 5.5 5.1 37,480 20,070 17,410 3.4 3.7 3.1
Assamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,155 590 565 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120,605 62,330 58,270 0.3 0.3 0.3 4,490 2,350 2,140 0.4 0.4 0.4
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 209,415 110,000 99,405 0.6 0.6 0.5 6,965 3,985 2,985 0.6 0.7 0.5
Hindi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 761,425 395,410 366,015 2.1 2.2 2.0 15,740 8,600 7,140 1.4 1.6 1.3
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,085 6,785 8,300 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,830 965 865 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 35 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Konkani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,950 4,300 4,645 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,230 18,210 17,020 0.1 0.1 0.1 520 270 255 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,660 15,680 14,980 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,040 550 490 0.1 0.1 0.1
Oriya languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,235 1,665 1,570 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Odia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,710 925 785 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oriya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,550 755 795 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 942,170 488,075 454,090 2.6 2.7 2.5 13,310 7,110 6,200 1.2 1.3 1.1
Rohingya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 765 345 420 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,385 4,480 3,910 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 135 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,050 16,645 16,400 0.1 0.1 0.1 405 180 225 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 414,870 211,895 202,975 1.1 1.2 1.1 10,540 5,470 5,070 1.0 1.0 0.9
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,320 6,280 5,040 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 205 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 370,520 186,750 183,770 1.0 1.0 1.0 3,025 1,640 1,390 0.3 0.3 0.3
Baluchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 985 565 420 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 100 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,035 13,005 11,030 0.1 0.1 0.1 225 110 115 0.0 0.0 0.0
Parsi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,000 535 470 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,695 16,810 14,885 0.1 0.1 0.1 745 415 330 0.1 0.1 0.1
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 326,285 163,665 162,620 0.9 0.9 0.9 2,045 1,095 950 0.2 0.2 0.2
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 78,220 38,765 39,460 0.2 0.2 0.2 610 335 285 0.1 0.1 0.1
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 222,160 111,750 110,415 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,340 710 625 0.1 0.1 0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,345 15,460 14,880 0.1 0.1 0.1 120 65 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,830 970 855 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,135 1,245 895 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 40 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 2,054,885 975,310 1,079,575 5.7 5.4 5.9 14,285 6,885 7,400 1.3 1.3 1.3
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,855 1,560 1,305 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 547,655 263,950 283,705 1.5 1.5 1.5 1,400 670 730 0.1 0.1 0.1
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 336,865 164,985 171,880 0.9 0.9 0.9 1,320 655 670 0.1 0.1 0.1
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 116,520 55,570 60,950 0.3 0.3 0.3 915 450 465 0.1 0.1 0.1
Spanish 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 1,171,450 548,315 623,135 3.2 3.1 3.4 11,185 5,395 5,785 1.0 1.0 1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,890 2,835 2,060 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,965 1,025 940 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 98,070 43,380 54,690 0.3 0.2 0.3 1,170 585 585 0.1 0.1 0.1
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 203,885 92,275 111,605 0.6 0.5 0.6 1,870 900 970 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,545 1,085 1,455 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 267,520 131,495 136,025 0.7 0.7 0.7 7,440 3,945 3,495 0.7 0.7 0.6
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,240 12,585 13,660 0.1 0.1 0.1 515 255 260 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,950 2,570 2,380 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,945 2,315 2,630 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 60 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Éwé 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,645 2,490 2,165 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 40 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,840 4,100 3,740 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,255 1,565 1,685 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 75 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,650 2,055 2,600 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 40 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gikuyu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,850 750 1,100 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,365 9,345 9,020 0.1 0.1 0.0 1,200 630 570 0.1 0.1 0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,515 6,305 7,210 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 170 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,720 12,260 13,460 0.1 0.1 0.1 180 100 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Luba-Kasai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,695 1,300 1,395 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mòoré 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,085 1,055 1,035 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mwani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,080 585 490 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 45 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ndebele 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,425 1,140 1,285 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,825 7,070 7,755 0.0 0.0 0.0 310 180 130 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,280 3,440 3,845 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 75 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Soninke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,010 650 360 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,305 580 725 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57,295 28,950 28,340 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,165 665 500 0.1 0.1 0.1
Wojenaka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,820 1,440 1,380 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,940 6,925 6,015 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50,935 25,265 25,675 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,865 1,520 1,345 0.3 0.3 0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43,625 21,935 21,685 0.1 0.1 0.1 990 545 445 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,090 5,570 5,530 0.0 0.0 0.0 615 305 305 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,815 1,470 1,345 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 85 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuer 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,490 685 805 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,815 3,425 3,385 0.0 0.0 0.0 375 200 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
African, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,760 1,485 1,275 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 55 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49,535 19,685 29,850 0.1 0.1 0.2 1,450 645 815 0.1 0.1 0.1
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37,620 14,430 23,195 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,135 505 625 0.1 0.1 0.1
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,195 2,525 3,670 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,450 3,515 3,940 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 160 210 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,550,930 721,520 829,410 4.3 4.0 4.5 17,055 8,335 8,725 1.5 1.5 1.6
Chinese languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,528,860 710,700 818,160 4.2 4.0 4.4 15,625 7,620 8,005 1.4 1.4 1.4
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,830 6,845 7,980 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 987,300 452,995 534,305 2.7 2.5 2.9 11,590 5,640 5,955 1.1 1.0 1.1
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,825 840 980 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 51,755 22,840 28,920 0.1 0.1 0.2 275 135 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,660 6,060 7,600 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 40 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 724,925 335,185 389,740 2.0 1.9 2.1 5,120 2,465 2,660 0.5 0.4 0.5
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,720 5,695 6,020 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 185 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,185 560 625 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,300 10,955 11,345 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,370 690 685 0.1 0.1 0.1
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,935 2,910 3,025 0.0 0.0 0.0 355 185 170 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kuki-Chin languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,140 520 620 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,705 2,790 2,915 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,020 490 530 0.1 0.1 0.1
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,030 2,490 2,545 0.0 0.0 0.0 890 430 460 0.1 0.1 0.1
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 845 395 450 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 60 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,160 4,565 4,590 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,940 890 1,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 30 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,220 540 680 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,705 14,255 19,440 0.1 0.1 0.1 590 280 310 0.1 0.1 0.1
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,630 8,320 9,310 0.0 0.0 0.1 360 200 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,575 6,955 11,615 0.1 0.0 0.1 290 115 170 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 800 330 465 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91,375 47,575 43,800 0.3 0.3 0.2 700 360 340 0.1 0.1 0.1
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,875 5,380 4,490 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 55 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,415 600 815 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 15 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 78,500 41,130 37,365 0.2 0.2 0.2 565 295 270 0.1 0.1 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,660 790 875 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,290 1,645 1,640 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,150 980 1,165 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85,055 39,290 45,765 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,240 595 645 0.1 0.1 0.1
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,315 2,320 2,990 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,325 6,735 8,590 0.0 0.0 0.0 180 90 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64,625 30,320 34,300 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,055 500 560 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,545 2,750 2,790 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 65 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 1,810 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
Indigenous identity45 125 75 50 6.9 8.3 5.5 1,807,250 877,645 929,605 5.0 4.9 5.1 187,885 91,375 96,515 17.0 16.6 17.4
Single Indigenous responses46 115 75 45 6.4 8.3 4.9 1,743,165 847,385 895,785 4.8 4.7 4.9 184,435 89,725 94,705 16.7 16.3 17.1
First Nations (North American Indian) 30 15 15 1.7 1.7 1.6 1,048,405 506,515 541,890 2.9 2.8 2.9 121,175 58,665 62,505 11.0 10.7 11.3
Métis 90 60 30 5.0 6.7 3.3 624,220 306,220 318,000 1.7 1.7 1.7 62,800 30,860 31,940 5.7 5.6 5.8
Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70,540 34,645 35,895 0.2 0.2 0.2 460 200 260 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses47 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,855 13,645 15,215 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,030 985 1,045 0.2 0.2 0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere48 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,225 16,620 18,610 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,425 665 765 0.1 0.1 0.1
Non-Indigenous identity 1,695 825 860 93.6 91.7 94.5 34,521,230 17,059,520 17,461,710 95.0 95.1 94.9 915,310 458,120 457,195 83.0 83.4 82.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 1,810 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian49 20 0 0 1.1 0.0 0.0 831,720 402,310 429,405 2.3 2.2 2.3 115,055 55,385 59,670 10.4 10.1 10.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 1,800 895 905 99.4 99.4 99.5 35,496,755 17,534,850 17,961,905 97.7 97.8 97.7 988,145 494,110 494,035 89.6 89.9 89.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data50 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Owner 745 ... ... 88.7 ... ... 9,955,975 ... ... 66.5 ... ... 317,655 ... ... 70.7 ... ...
Renter 95 ... ... 11.3 ... ... 4,953,840 ... ... 33.1 ... ... 118,590 ... ... 26.4 ... ...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 69,130 ... ... 0.5 ... ... 13,335 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data51 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Condominium 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 2,248,280 ... ... 15.0 ... ... 49,490 ... ... 11.0 ... ...
Not condominium 815 ... ... 97.0 ... ... 12,730,660 ... ... 85.0 ... ... 400,095 ... ... 89.0 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data52 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
No bedrooms 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 132,060 ... ... 0.9 ... ... 1,945 ... ... 0.4 ... ...
1 bedroom 50 ... ... 6.0 ... ... 2,124,485 ... ... 14.2 ... ... 41,900 ... ... 9.3 ... ...
2 bedrooms 260 ... ... 31.0 ... ... 3,829,965 ... ... 25.6 ... ... 103,860 ... ... 23.1 ... ...
3 bedrooms 370 ... ... 44.0 ... ... 4,982,900 ... ... 33.3 ... ... 150,360 ... ... 33.4 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 160 ... ... 19.0 ... ... 3,909,525 ... ... 26.1 ... ... 151,520 ... ... 33.7 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data53 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 115 ... ... 13.7 ... ... 4,662,125 ... ... 31.1 ... ... 105,050 ... ... 23.4 ... ...
5 rooms 210 ... ... 25.0 ... ... 2,323,910 ... ... 15.5 ... ... 70,620 ... ... 15.7 ... ...
6 rooms 150 ... ... 17.9 ... ... 2,037,185 ... ... 13.6 ... ... 66,100 ... ... 14.7 ... ...
7 rooms 135 ... ... 16.1 ... ... 1,796,855 ... ... 12.0 ... ... 59,535 ... ... 13.2 ... ...
8 or more rooms 220 ... ... 26.2 ... ... 4,158,855 ... ... 27.8 ... ... 148,270 ... ... 33.0 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.4 ... ... 6.4 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 6.5 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data54 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 835 ... ... 99.4 ... ... 14,625,230 ... ... 97.6 ... ... 438,000 ... ... 97.4 ... ...
More than one person per room 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 353,715 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 11,580 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data55 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Suitable 825 ... ... 98.2 ... ... 14,173,290 ... ... 94.6 ... ... 426,835 ... ... 94.9 ... ...
Not suitable 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 805,650 ... ... 5.4 ... ... 22,745 ... ... 5.1 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data56 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
1960 or before 155 ... ... 18.5 ... ... 3,027,045 ... ... 20.2 ... ... 95,405 ... ... 21.2 ... ...
1961 to 1980 325 ... ... 38.7 ... ... 4,171,840 ... ... 27.9 ... ... 147,720 ... ... 32.9 ... ...
1981 to 1990 190 ... ... 22.6 ... ... 1,982,515 ... ... 13.2 ... ... 61,990 ... ... 13.8 ... ...
1991 to 2000 105 ... ... 12.5 ... ... 1,805,985 ... ... 12.1 ... ... 35,005 ... ... 7.8 ... ...
2001 to 2005 20 ... ... 2.4 ... ... 959,860 ... ... 6.4 ... ... 18,130 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
2006 to 2010 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 1,034,925 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 27,525 ... ... 6.1 ... ...
2011 to 2015 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 967,540 ... ... 6.5 ... ... 37,840 ... ... 8.4 ... ...
2016 to 202157 10 ... ... 1.2 ... ... 1,029,220 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 25,970 ... ... 5.8 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data58 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed 765 ... ... 91.1 ... ... 14,059,395 ... ... 93.9 ... ... 414,215 ... ... 92.1 ... ...
Major repairs needed 75 ... ... 8.9 ... ... 919,545 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 35,365 ... ... 7.9 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data59 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
One-maintainer household 420 ... ... 50.0 ... ... 7,659,700 ... ... 51.1 ... ... 235,175 ... ... 52.3 ... ...
Two-maintainer household 385 ... ... 45.8 ... ... 6,631,755 ... ... 44.3 ... ... 198,995 ... ... 44.3 ... ...
Three-or-more-maintainer household 30 ... ... 3.6 ... ... 687,485 ... ... 4.6 ... ... 15,415 ... ... 3.4 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data60 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
15 to 24 years 15 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 424,695 ... ... 2.8 ... ... 17,560 ... ... 3.9 ... ...
25 to 34 years 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 2,077,895 ... ... 13.9 ... ... 68,760 ... ... 15.3 ... ...
35 to 44 years 125 ... ... 14.9 ... ... 2,600,000 ... ... 17.4 ... ... 82,625 ... ... 18.4 ... ...
45 to 54 years 115 ... ... 13.7 ... ... 2,646,945 ... ... 17.7 ... ... 72,290 ... ... 16.1 ... ...
55 to 64 years 225 ... ... 26.8 ... ... 3,046,560 ... ... 20.3 ... ... 85,955 ... ... 19.1 ... ...
65 to 74 years 185 ... ... 22.0 ... ... 2,432,140 ... ... 16.2 ... ... 69,235 ... ... 15.4 ... ...
75 to 84 years 90 ... ... 10.7 ... ... 1,292,805 ... ... 8.6 ... ... 37,545 ... ... 8.4 ... ...
85 years and over 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 457,900 ... ... 3.1 ... ... 15,605 ... ... 3.5 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data61 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,687,350 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 414,315 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 775 ... ... 92.3 ... ... 11,612,640 ... ... 79.1 ... ... 342,875 ... ... 82.8 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 3,074,715 ... ... 20.9 ... ... 71,445 ... ... 17.2 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 2,742,920 ... ... 18.7 ... ... 65,430 ... ... 15.8 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data62 840 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,978,940 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 449,585 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' 150 ... ... 17.9 ... ... 4,379,420 ... ... 29.2 ... ... 118,475 ... ... 26.4 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only 60 ... ... 7.1 ... ... 2,728,995 ... ... 18.2 ... ... 63,870 ... ... 14.2 ... ...
Not suitable only 15 ... ... 1.8 ... ... 595,110 ... ... 4.0 ... ... 16,865 ... ... 3.8 ... ...
Major repairs needed only 65 ... ... 7.7 ... ... 645,465 ... ... 4.3 ... ... 26,900 ... ... 6.0 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 135,770 ... ... 0.9 ... ... 2,370 ... ... 0.5 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 199,355 ... ... 1.3 ... ... 4,960 ... ... 1.1 ... ...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 64,095 ... ... 0.4 ... ... 3,270 ... ... 0.7 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 10,630 ... ... 0.1 ... ... 245 ... ... 0.1 ... ...
Acceptable housing 695 ... ... 82.7 ... ... 10,599,520 ... ... 70.8 ... ... 331,105 ... ... 73.6 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data63 835 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 14,355,555 ... ... 100.0 ... ... 408,300 ... ... 100.0 ... ...
In core need 25 ... ... 3.0 ... ... 1,451,025 ... ... 10.1 ... ... 41,895 ... ... 10.3 ... ...
Not in core need 810 ... ... 97.0 ... ... 12,904,530 ... ... 89.9 ... ... 366,405 ... ... 89.7 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 740 ... ... ... ... ... 9,807,720 ... ... ... ... ... 298,500 ... ... ... ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgage64 46.6 ... ... 46.6 ... ... 60.0 ... ... 60.0 ... ... 57.9 ... ... 57.9 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 6.1 ... ... 6.1 ... ... 14.8 ... ... 14.8 ... ... 11.1 ... ... 11.1 ... ...
% in core housing need63 3.4 ... ... 3.4 ... ... 5.3 ... ... 5.3 ... ... 5.7 ... ... 5.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 536 ... ... 536 ... ... 1,240 ... ... 1,240 ... ... 1,110 ... ... 1,110 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 688 ... ... 688 ... ... 1,498 ... ... 1,498 ... ... 1,296 ... ... 1,296 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)66 100,000 ... ... 100,000 ... ... 472,000 ... ... 472,000 ... ... 300,000 ... ... 300,000 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)66 121,200 ... ... 121,200 ... ... 618,500 ... ... 618,500 ... ... 324,400 ... ... 324,400 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 100 ... ... ... ... ... 4,936,850 ... ... ... ... ... 117,545 ... ... ... ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing67 20.0 ... ... 20.0 ... ... 11.7 ... ... 11.7 ... ... 17.1 ... ... 17.1 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 25.0 ... ... 25.0 ... ... 33.2 ... ... 33.2 ... ... 33.1 ... ... 33.1 ... ...
% in core housing need63 0.0 ... ... 0.0 ... ... 20.0 ... ... 20.0 ... ... 22.1 ... ... 22.1 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 568 ... ... 568 ... ... 1,070 ... ... 1,070 ... ... 1,030 ... ... 1,030 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 530 ... ... 530 ... ... 1,209 ... ... 1,209 ... ... 1,095 ... ... 1,095 ... ...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data 0 ... ... ... ... ... 69,130 ... ... ... ... ... 13,335 ... ... ... ... ...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs61 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.9 ... ... 5.9 ... ... 5.0 ... ... 5.0 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ... ... ... ... 284 ... ... 284 ... ... 226 ... ... 226 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ... ... ... ... 327 ... ... 327 ... ... 280 ... ... 280 ... ...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data68 1,815 905 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,490 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)69 50 30 20 2.8 3.3 2.2 985,200 480,950 504,245 2.7 2.7 2.7 122,375 59,605 62,765 11.1 10.8 11.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)70 50 30 20 2.8 3.3 2.2 963,705 470,850 492,855 2.7 2.6 2.7 118,965 57,970 60,995 10.8 10.5 11.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry 25 10 10 1.4 1.1 1.1 763,230 371,400 391,825 2.1 2.1 2.1 101,725 49,415 52,315 9.2 9.0 9.4
Métis single ancestry 25 20 10 1.4 2.2 1.1 146,010 72,680 73,325 0.4 0.4 0.4 17,055 8,495 8,555 1.5 1.5 1.5
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54,475 26,770 27,700 0.1 0.1 0.2 185 60 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)71 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,490 10,095 11,395 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,410 1,630 1,775 0.3 0.3 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,665 8,215 9,450 0.0 0.0 0.1 3,335 1,580 1,750 0.3 0.3 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,430 1,185 1,250 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,070 530 535 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320 165 155 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries72 70 25 40 3.9 2.8 4.4 1,219,285 585,590 633,690 3.4 3.3 3.4 68,675 33,265 35,410 6.2 6.1 6.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries73 70 25 40 3.9 2.8 4.4 1,183,350 568,980 614,365 3.3 3.2 3.3 64,995 31,500 33,495 5.9 5.7 6.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only 35 15 25 1.9 1.7 2.7 801,630 384,550 417,075 2.2 2.1 2.3 32,635 15,920 16,720 3.0 2.9 3.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 35 15 20 1.9 1.7 2.2 362,130 174,975 187,150 1.0 1.0 1.0 32,070 15,450 16,615 2.9 2.8 3.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,595 9,450 10,150 0.1 0.1 0.1 290 135 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries74 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,930 16,605 19,320 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,680 1,770 1,915 0.3 0.3 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,815 14,790 17,025 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,515 1,705 1,810 0.3 0.3 0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,785 1,190 1,595 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 45 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,005 500 505 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 125 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only75 1,695 845 855 93.4 93.4 93.4 34,124,000 16,870,625 17,253,375 93.9 94.1 93.8 912,150 456,620 455,530 82.7 83.1 82.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data76 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,165 18,391,310 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,705 100.0 100.0 100.0
Canadian citizens77 1,810 900 910 99.7 100.0 99.5 33,143,225 16,360,910 16,782,315 91.2 91.2 91.3 1,021,630 508,035 513,595 92.6 92.5 92.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18 240 100 140 13.2 11.1 15.3 6,784,875 3,486,545 3,298,330 18.7 19.4 17.9 246,480 126,430 120,055 22.3 23.0 21.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 1,565 800 765 86.2 88.9 83.6 26,358,355 12,874,365 13,483,990 72.6 71.8 73.3 775,150 381,610 393,540 70.3 69.4 71.1
Not Canadian citizens78 10 0 10 0.6 0.0 1.1 3,185,250 1,576,255 1,608,995 8.8 8.8 8.7 81,575 41,455 40,115 7.4 7.5 7.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data79 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,165 18,391,310 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,705 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-immigrants80 1,795 890 905 98.9 98.9 98.9 27,042,120 13,461,515 13,580,610 74.4 75.0 73.8 949,755 472,745 477,005 86.1 86.0 86.1
Immigrants81 20 0 10 1.1 0.0 1.1 8,361,505 3,976,160 4,385,340 23.0 22.2 23.8 137,620 67,895 69,725 12.5 12.4 12.6
Before 1980 15 0 10 0.8 0.0 1.1 1,540,610 731,340 809,265 4.2 4.1 4.4 12,780 6,020 6,760 1.2 1.1 1.2
1980 to 1990 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 924,320 443,805 480,520 2.5 2.5 2.6 5,945 2,955 2,990 0.5 0.5 0.5
1991 to 2000 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,511,475 708,315 803,165 4.2 3.9 4.4 8,390 3,910 4,480 0.8 0.7 0.8
2001 to 2010 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,930,525 911,190 1,019,340 5.3 5.1 5.5 29,370 14,480 14,895 2.7 2.6 2.7
2011 to 202182 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,454,570 1,181,515 1,273,055 6.8 6.6 6.9 81,135 40,535 40,605 7.4 7.4 7.3
2011 to 2015 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,126,330 536,615 589,715 3.1 3.0 3.2 38,020 19,065 18,955 3.4 3.5 3.4
2016 to 2021 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,328,240 644,900 683,335 3.7 3.6 3.7 43,120 21,470 21,645 3.9 3.9 3.9
Non-permanent residents83 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 924,850 499,490 425,365 2.5 2.8 2.3 15,830 8,850 6,980 1.4 1.6 1.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data84 20 10 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 8,361,505 3,976,160 4,385,345 100.0 100.0 100.0 137,620 67,895 69,720 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 5 years 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 748,265 377,795 370,470 8.9 9.5 8.4 13,370 6,890 6,480 9.7 10.1 9.3
5 to 14 years 10 10 0 50.0 100.0 0.0 1,438,440 730,675 707,765 17.2 18.4 16.1 26,755 14,085 12,680 19.4 20.7 18.2
15 to 24 years 10 0 10 50.0 0.0 100.0 1,594,290 720,630 873,660 19.1 18.1 19.9 20,460 9,465 10,995 14.9 13.9 15.8
25 to 44 years 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,783,335 1,782,805 2,000,525 45.2 44.8 45.6 64,955 31,330 33,625 47.2 46.1 48.2
45 years and over 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 797,180 364,260 432,920 9.5 9.2 9.9 12,070 6,130 5,945 8.8 9.0 8.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data85 20 10 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 8,361,505 3,976,160 4,385,345 100.0 100.0 100.0 137,620 67,895 69,720 100.0 100.0 100.0
Americas 20 10 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,203,180 546,325 656,855 14.4 13.7 15.0 12,580 5,910 6,675 9.1 8.7 9.6
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,450 22,405 26,050 0.6 0.6 0.6 380 150 230 0.3 0.2 0.3
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80,570 36,675 43,900 1.0 0.9 1.0 665 315 350 0.5 0.5 0.5
El Salvador 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49,450 24,430 25,015 0.6 0.6 0.6 620 280 345 0.5 0.4 0.5
Guyana 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85,530 37,870 47,660 1.0 1.0 1.1 165 65 95 0.1 0.1 0.1
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99,945 44,585 55,360 1.2 1.1 1.3 60 35 25 0.0 0.1 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145,360 63,430 81,925 1.7 1.6 1.9 1,360 660 700 1.0 1.0 1.0
Mexico 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90,585 42,215 48,370 1.1 1.1 1.1 1,720 870 850 1.2 1.3 1.2
Peru 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,420 13,925 17,490 0.4 0.4 0.4 160 45 120 0.1 0.1 0.2
Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65,035 29,110 35,930 0.8 0.7 0.8 200 65 135 0.1 0.1 0.2
United States of America 15 10 0 75.0 100.0 0.0 256,090 115,380 140,705 3.1 2.9 3.2 5,215 2,375 2,835 3.8 3.5 4.1
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250,760 116,305 134,460 3.0 2.9 3.1 2,030 1,040 995 1.5 1.5 1.4
Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,967,620 955,840 1,011,785 23.5 24.0 23.1 21,710 10,705 11,010 15.8 15.8 15.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,925 17,705 18,220 0.4 0.4 0.4 500 250 250 0.4 0.4 0.4
Croatia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,675 18,115 18,560 0.4 0.5 0.4 415 245 170 0.3 0.4 0.2
France 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 121,525 63,845 57,685 1.5 1.6 1.3 310 115 190 0.2 0.2 0.3
Germany 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 126,470 60,560 65,915 1.5 1.5 1.5 2,100 980 1,115 1.5 1.4 1.6
Greece 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54,715 27,050 27,665 0.7 0.7 0.6 500 290 210 0.4 0.4 0.3
Hungary 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,050 14,595 16,450 0.4 0.4 0.4 325 175 145 0.2 0.3 0.2
Italy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 204,065 101,445 102,625 2.4 2.6 2.3 585 300 280 0.4 0.4 0.4
Netherlands 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75,830 39,020 36,810 0.9 1.0 0.8 965 560 400 0.7 0.8 0.6
Poland 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135,030 60,660 74,370 1.6 1.5 1.7 1,080 455 625 0.8 0.7 0.9
Portugal 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 128,795 62,880 65,910 1.5 1.6 1.5 200 95 110 0.1 0.1 0.2
Romania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86,770 40,820 45,955 1.0 1.0 1.0 660 330 335 0.5 0.5 0.5
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 81,840 35,185 46,650 1.0 0.9 1.1 650 270 385 0.5 0.4 0.6
Serbia86 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,925 15,480 16,450 0.4 0.4 0.4 530 250 285 0.4 0.4 0.4
Ukraine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 81,135 36,840 44,295 1.0 0.9 1.0 3,165 1,505 1,665 2.3 2.2 2.4
United Kingdom87 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 464,135 229,710 234,430 5.6 5.8 5.3 6,785 3,420 3,365 4.9 5.0 4.8
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 271,725 131,935 139,790 3.2 3.3 3.2 2,940 1,455 1,490 2.1 2.1 2.1
Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 821,735 412,365 409,375 9.8 10.4 9.3 16,080 8,440 7,640 11.7 12.4 11.0
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 79,660 41,065 38,600 1.0 1.0 0.9 20 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,110 15,775 17,340 0.4 0.4 0.4 665 335 330 0.5 0.5 0.5
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 73,710 38,730 34,980 0.9 1.0 0.8 805 415 385 0.6 0.6 0.6
Eritrea 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,385 16,575 14,815 0.4 0.4 0.3 1,025 535 490 0.7 0.8 0.7
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,715 19,955 21,760 0.5 0.5 0.5 775 380 400 0.6 0.6 0.6
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 81,775 41,085 40,685 1.0 1.0 0.9 190 110 80 0.1 0.2 0.1
Nigeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 81,290 41,665 39,620 1.0 1.0 0.9 5,030 2,620 2,410 3.7 3.9 3.5
Somalia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32,500 14,600 17,900 0.4 0.4 0.4 485 240 250 0.4 0.4 0.4
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 51,590 25,740 25,855 0.6 0.6 0.6 2,075 1,070 1,005 1.5 1.6 1.4
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 314,995 157,170 157,825 3.8 4.0 3.6 5,010 2,720 2,290 3.6 4.0 3.3
Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,307,000 2,030,575 2,276,420 51.5 51.1 51.9 86,515 42,500 44,015 62.9 62.6 63.1
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 62,450 30,940 31,515 0.7 0.8 0.7 465 230 235 0.3 0.3 0.3
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 182,940 92,300 90,645 2.2 2.3 2.1 1,040 570 470 0.8 0.8 0.7
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 84,130 42,660 41,465 1.0 1.1 0.9 1,440 740 700 1.0 1.1 1.0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95,725 50,675 45,055 1.1 1.3 1.0 220 155 60 0.2 0.2 0.1
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97,590 49,855 47,735 1.2 1.3 1.1 1,405 665 740 1.0 1.0 1.1
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,270 18,835 16,435 0.4 0.5 0.4 280 145 135 0.2 0.2 0.2
China90 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 715,835 317,970 397,860 8.6 8.0 9.1 8,650 4,065 4,585 6.3 6.0 6.6
Hong Kong91 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 213,855 100,480 113,375 2.6 2.5 2.6 840 415 420 0.6 0.6 0.6
Korea, South92 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 138,355 63,025 75,325 1.7 1.6 1.7 1,110 560 550 0.8 0.8 0.8
Taiwan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65,365 28,725 36,635 0.8 0.7 0.8 175 80 95 0.1 0.1 0.1
Philippines 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 719,580 305,115 414,460 8.6 7.7 9.5 35,960 17,025 18,930 26.1 25.1 27.2
Viet Nam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 182,095 82,670 99,425 2.2 2.1 2.3 3,245 1,555 1,690 2.4 2.3 2.4
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70,090 35,675 34,415 0.8 0.9 0.8 3,235 1,720 1,515 2.4 2.5 2.2
India 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 898,050 451,120 446,930 10.7 11.3 10.2 15,660 8,165 7,495 11.4 12.0 10.8
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 234,105 118,390 115,715 2.8 3.0 2.6 7,110 3,630 3,480 5.2 5.3 5.0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136,240 66,215 70,030 1.6 1.7 1.6 435 220 215 0.3 0.3 0.3
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 375,340 175,930 199,410 4.5 4.4 4.5 5,245 2,555 2,695 3.8 3.8 3.9
Oceania and other places of birth93 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 61,965 31,055 30,910 0.7 0.8 0.7 725 350 380 0.5 0.5 0.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data94 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,328,240 644,900 683,340 100.0 100.0 100.0 43,115 21,470 21,650 100.0 100.0 100.0
Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 154,490 74,275 80,215 11.6 11.5 11.7 2,830 1,420 1,410 6.6 6.6 6.5
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,895 9,340 10,560 1.5 1.4 1.5 170 95 75 0.4 0.4 0.3
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,455 5,090 6,365 0.9 0.8 0.9 90 40 50 0.2 0.2 0.2
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,550 5,155 5,400 0.8 0.8 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,155 7,740 7,420 1.1 1.2 1.1 560 295 265 1.3 1.4 1.2
Mexico 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,150 8,405 8,745 1.3 1.3 1.3 560 315 250 1.3 1.5 1.2
United States of America 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 39,875 19,790 20,085 3.0 3.1 2.9 990 465 520 2.3 2.2 2.4
Venezuela95 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,060 2,980 4,075 0.5 0.5 0.6 70 20 45 0.2 0.1 0.2
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,350 15,785 17,570 2.5 2.4 2.6 385 190 195 0.9 0.9 0.9
Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 134,425 69,310 65,120 10.1 10.7 9.5 2,695 1,435 1,260 6.3 6.7 5.8
France 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,175 14,560 12,610 2.0 2.3 1.8 65 30 30 0.2 0.1 0.1
Germany 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,365 2,660 2,705 0.4 0.4 0.4 100 40 60 0.2 0.2 0.3
Ireland96 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,355 4,000 2,350 0.5 0.6 0.3 180 110 70 0.4 0.5 0.3
Italy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,240 2,470 1,770 0.3 0.4 0.3 50 30 15 0.1 0.1 0.1
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,905 4,335 6,570 0.8 0.7 1.0 100 35 65 0.2 0.2 0.3
Ukraine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,515 6,570 7,945 1.1 1.0 1.2 755 340 415 1.8 1.6 1.9
United Kingdom87 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,755 13,550 9,200 1.7 2.1 1.3 590 385 200 1.4 1.8 0.9
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43,120 21,160 21,960 3.2 3.3 3.2 855 465 395 2.0 2.2 1.8
Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 206,965 102,875 104,090 15.6 16.0 15.2 7,520 3,960 3,560 17.4 18.4 16.4
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,745 7,530 8,220 1.2 1.2 1.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burundi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,935 2,420 2,510 0.4 0.4 0.4 90 50 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Cameroon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,795 5,545 6,250 0.9 0.9 0.9 50 20 35 0.1 0.1 0.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,915 4,200 4,720 0.7 0.7 0.7 290 150 140 0.7 0.7 0.6
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,915 3,795 4,125 0.6 0.6 0.6 25 20 10 0.1 0.1 0.0
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,120 6,285 5,835 0.9 1.0 0.9 390 195 195 0.9 0.9 0.9
Eritrea 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,330 8,755 7,575 1.2 1.4 1.1 595 310 285 1.4 1.4 1.3
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,385 4,415 4,970 0.7 0.7 0.7 315 175 140 0.7 0.8 0.6
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,835 6,025 6,810 1.0 0.9 1.0 85 45 40 0.2 0.2 0.2
Nigeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40,360 20,575 19,780 3.0 3.2 2.9 3,305 1,765 1,545 7.7 8.2 7.1
Somalia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,315 3,240 3,075 0.5 0.5 0.4 130 60 70 0.3 0.3 0.3
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,510 4,290 4,220 0.6 0.7 0.6 775 390 385 1.8 1.8 1.8
Sudan97 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,690 2,375 2,315 0.4 0.4 0.3 300 155 140 0.7 0.7 0.6
Tunisia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,155 4,185 3,975 0.6 0.6 0.6 60 40 20 0.1 0.2 0.1
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,960 19,250 19,715 2.9 3.0 2.9 1,110 585 525 2.6 2.7 2.4
Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 823,205 393,110 430,090 62.0 61.0 62.9 29,880 14,550 15,325 69.3 67.8 70.8
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,730 6,290 6,440 1.0 1.0 0.9 140 50 85 0.3 0.2 0.4
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,185 6,670 6,515 1.0 1.0 1.0 1,220 615 610 2.8 2.9 2.8
China90 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 118,035 50,365 67,665 8.9 7.8 9.9 3,690 1,775 1,910 8.6 8.3 8.8
Hong Kong91 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,495 2,880 3,620 0.5 0.4 0.5 140 75 65 0.3 0.3 0.3
India 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 246,995 128,205 118,790 18.6 19.9 17.4 7,940 4,055 3,885 18.4 18.9 17.9
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,650 12,310 13,340 1.9 1.9 2.0 335 180 155 0.8 0.8 0.7
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,715 8,835 8,875 1.3 1.4 1.3 305 155 150 0.7 0.7 0.7
Israel 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,850 2,565 2,290 0.4 0.4 0.3 50 20 25 0.1 0.1 0.1
Japan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,445 1,035 3,410 0.3 0.2 0.5 40 15 30 0.1 0.1 0.1
Jordan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,635 2,375 2,260 0.3 0.4 0.3 105 50 55 0.2 0.2 0.3
Korea, South92 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,985 8,790 12,200 1.6 1.4 1.8 275 135 140 0.6 0.6 0.6
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,980 5,120 4,860 0.8 0.8 0.7 75 60 20 0.2 0.3 0.1
Nepal 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,890 2,475 2,415 0.4 0.4 0.4 130 75 50 0.3 0.3 0.2
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,255 18,070 18,190 2.7 2.8 2.7 1,685 820 860 3.9 3.8 4.0
Philippines 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 151,490 66,720 84,765 11.4 10.3 12.4 10,460 4,875 5,585 24.3 22.7 25.8
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,560 5,195 4,365 0.7 0.8 0.6 285 125 160 0.7 0.6 0.7
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,480 4,010 4,465 0.6 0.6 0.7 65 35 35 0.2 0.2 0.2
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 63,130 32,725 30,410 4.8 5.1 4.5 1,245 600 645 2.9 2.8 3.0
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,150 5,520 4,635 0.8 0.9 0.7 75 30 40 0.2 0.1 0.2
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,405 4,325 4,085 0.6 0.7 0.6 195 90 105 0.5 0.4 0.5
Viet Nam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,725 5,605 9,125 1.1 0.9 1.3 865 440 420 2.0 2.0 1.9
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,410 13,035 17,375 2.3 2.0 2.5 550 260 290 1.3 1.2 1.3
Oceania and other93 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,160 5,335 3,825 0.7 0.8 0.6 195 100 95 0.5 0.5 0.4
Australia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,535 3,845 2,685 0.5 0.6 0.4 95 40 50 0.2 0.2 0.2
Other places of birth98 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,625 1,490 1,135 0.2 0.2 0.2 100 55 40 0.2 0.3 0.2
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data99 1,815 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
First generation100 20 10 10 1.1 1.1 1.1 9,606,595 4,631,905 4,974,690 26.4 25.8 27.0 158,540 79,230 79,310 14.4 14.4 14.3
Second generation101 25 20 0 1.4 2.2 0.0 6,393,310 3,207,980 3,185,330 17.6 17.9 17.3 121,675 59,265 62,410 11.0 10.8 11.3
Third generation or more102 1,770 870 895 97.5 96.7 98.4 20,328,565 10,097,280 10,231,290 56.0 56.3 55.6 822,985 411,000 411,980 74.6 74.8 74.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data103 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,820,895 3,244,820 3,576,075 100.0 100.0 100.0 124,835 61,875 62,960 100.0 100.0 100.0
Economic immigrants104 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,673,705 1,837,625 1,836,090 53.9 56.6 51.3 88,545 45,370 43,185 70.9 73.3 68.6
Principal applicants105 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,556,675 935,790 620,885 22.8 28.8 17.4 34,820 22,465 12,355 27.9 36.3 19.6
Secondary applicants106 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,117,030 901,835 1,215,200 31.0 27.8 34.0 53,725 22,900 30,825 43.0 37.0 49.0
Immigrants sponsored by family107 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,016,010 821,325 1,194,685 29.6 25.3 33.4 21,620 8,700 12,920 17.3 14.1 20.5
Refugees108 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,039,275 543,725 495,550 15.2 16.8 13.9 14,405 7,675 6,725 11.5 12.4 10.7
Other immigrants109 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91,900 42,145 49,755 1.3 1.3 1.4 265 135 130 0.2 0.2 0.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data110 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,820,895 3,244,820 3,576,075 100.0 100.0 100.0 124,835 61,875 62,960 100.0 100.0 100.0
Asylum claim before admission111 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 416,105 222,895 193,205 6.1 6.9 5.4 1,885 1,155 735 1.5 1.9 1.2
Work permits only before admission112 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 705,405 324,370 381,035 10.3 10.0 10.7 20,335 10,710 9,620 16.3 17.3 15.3
Study permits only before admission113 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 183,250 92,135 91,110 2.7 2.8 2.5 4,170 2,185 1,985 3.3 3.5 3.2
Work and study permits before admission114 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 377,130 188,535 188,590 5.5 5.8 5.3 7,770 4,580 3,190 6.2 7.4 5.1
Other permits before admission115 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 39,540 15,685 23,855 0.6 0.5 0.7 600 230 370 0.5 0.4 0.6
No pre-admission experience116 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,099,470 2,401,190 2,698,280 74.8 74.0 75.5 90,090 43,025 47,065 72.2 69.5 74.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data117 1,810 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total visible minority population118 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,639,205 4,712,790 4,926,415 26.5 26.3 26.8 159,365 80,495 78,870 14.4 14.6 14.2
South Asian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,571,400 1,324,120 1,247,275 7.1 7.4 6.8 44,720 23,875 20,845 4.1 4.3 3.8
Chinese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,715,770 808,745 907,035 4.7 4.5 4.9 18,010 8,850 9,155 1.6 1.6 1.7
Black 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,547,870 754,100 793,765 4.3 4.2 4.3 22,570 11,715 10,855 2.0 2.1 2.0
Filipino 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 957,355 427,755 529,600 2.6 2.4 2.9 43,755 21,015 22,745 4.0 3.8 4.1
Arab 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 694,015 362,845 331,170 1.9 2.0 1.8 5,575 2,920 2,655 0.5 0.5 0.5
Latin American 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580,235 281,030 299,200 1.6 1.6 1.6 5,680 2,740 2,945 0.5 0.5 0.5
Southeast Asian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390,340 184,120 206,220 1.1 1.0 1.1 8,540 4,265 4,275 0.8 0.8 0.8
West Asian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360,495 181,795 178,695 1.0 1.0 1.0 2,830 1,445 1,380 0.3 0.3 0.2
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 218,140 101,855 116,285 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,850 885 955 0.2 0.2 0.2
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 98,890 42,315 56,575 0.3 0.2 0.3 830 360 475 0.1 0.1 0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.119 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 172,885 83,310 89,580 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,275 565 715 0.1 0.1 0.1
Multiple visible minorities 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 331,805 160,790 171,010 0.9 0.9 0.9 3,725 1,845 1,875 0.3 0.3 0.3
Not a visible minority120 1,810 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 26,689,275 13,224,375 13,464,900 73.5 73.7 73.2 943,840 469,000 474,835 85.6 85.4 85.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data121 1,815 900 915 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,475 17,937,165 18,391,310 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,200 549,495 553,705 100.0 100.0 100.0
Canadian 665 335 330 36.6 37.2 36.1 5,677,205 2,836,675 2,840,530 15.6 15.8 15.4 107,095 54,965 52,130 9.7 10.0 9.4
English 75 30 40 4.1 3.3 4.4 5,322,830 2,600,245 2,722,580 14.7 14.5 14.8 219,665 107,240 112,420 19.9 19.5 20.3
Irish 105 45 65 5.8 5.0 7.1 4,413,120 2,102,610 2,310,505 12.1 11.7 12.6 145,415 69,495 75,920 13.2 12.6 13.7
Scottish 80 45 30 4.4 5.0 3.3 4,392,200 2,131,620 2,260,580 12.1 11.9 12.3 175,590 85,595 89,995 15.9 15.6 16.3
French, n.o.s.122 310 155 155 17.1 17.2 16.9 3,985,945 1,964,695 2,021,250 11.0 11.0 11.0 108,355 52,690 55,665 9.8 9.6 10.1
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,955,695 1,449,465 1,506,230 8.1 8.1 8.2 272,475 134,060 138,420 24.7 24.4 25.0
Chinese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,713,870 806,365 907,500 4.7 4.5 4.9 19,965 9,660 10,305 1.8 1.8 1.9
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,546,390 774,250 772,140 4.3 4.3 4.2 10,830 5,335 5,500 1.0 1.0 1.0
Indian (India) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,347,715 691,535 656,185 3.7 3.9 3.6 20,755 11,165 9,590 1.9 2.0 1.7
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,258,635 612,455 646,175 3.5 3.4 3.5 138,705 67,645 71,060 12.6 12.3 12.8
Dutch 10 10 0 0.6 1.1 0.0 988,585 489,045 499,545 2.7 2.7 2.7 29,410 14,540 14,870 2.7 2.6 2.7
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 982,820 472,290 510,525 2.7 2.6 2.8 55,605 26,820 28,780 5.0 4.9 5.2
Québécois 30 15 10 1.7 1.7 1.1 981,635 490,130 491,510 2.7 2.7 2.7 705 355 345 0.1 0.1 0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.123 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 938,950 462,420 476,530 2.6 2.6 2.6 21,650 10,960 10,690 2.0 2.0 1.9
Filipino 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 925,490 414,915 510,570 2.5 2.3 2.8 40,160 19,305 20,860 3.6 3.5 3.8
French Canadian 85 45 40 4.7 5.0 4.4 906,315 441,610 464,705 2.5 2.5 2.5 5,465 2,695 2,765 0.5 0.5 0.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.124 150 75 75 8.3 8.3 8.2 691,260 347,080 344,175 1.9 1.9 1.9 13,375 7,020 6,360 1.2 1.3 1.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.125 20 10 10 1.1 1.1 1.1 632,340 304,220 328,120 1.7 1.7 1.8 50,770 24,635 26,135 4.6 4.5 4.7
Métis 60 35 25 3.3 3.9 2.7 560,335 271,985 288,350 1.5 1.5 1.6 56,060 27,275 28,785 5.1 5.0 5.2
European, n.o.s.126 30 10 20 1.7 1.1 2.2 551,910 278,060 273,850 1.5 1.6 1.5 11,985 6,340 5,645 1.1 1.2 1.0
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 548,140 260,075 288,065 1.5 1.4 1.6 35,920 17,415 18,505 3.3 3.2 3.3
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 466,500 224,290 242,210 1.3 1.3 1.3 70,215 33,925 36,285 6.4 6.2 6.6
Welsh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 455,720 216,490 239,230 1.3 1.2 1.3 17,605 8,415 9,190 1.6 1.5 1.7
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 448,305 222,770 225,535 1.2 1.2 1.2 1,760 830 930 0.2 0.2 0.2
American 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 353,495 172,240 181,255 1.0 1.0 1.0 12,675 6,435 6,235 1.1 1.2 1.1
Spanish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 342,040 160,475 181,570 0.9 0.9 1.0 5,670 2,555 3,115 0.5 0.5 0.6
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 334,505 156,840 177,665 0.9 0.9 1.0 31,965 15,285 16,675 2.9 2.8 3.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320,150 155,755 164,395 0.9 0.9 0.9 28,495 14,095 14,400 2.6 2.6 2.6
Acadian 515 240 270 28.4 26.7 29.5 305,170 145,500 159,675 0.8 0.8 0.9 935 485 450 0.1 0.1 0.1
Pakistani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 303,260 154,435 148,825 0.8 0.9 0.8 7,640 3,995 3,645 0.7 0.7 0.7
African, n.o.s.127 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 301,955 148,335 153,625 0.8 0.8 0.8 4,065 2,110 1,950 0.4 0.4 0.4
Jewish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 282,015 141,530 140,490 0.8 0.8 0.8 2,420 1,230 1,190 0.2 0.2 0.2
Punjabi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 279,950 145,620 134,330 0.8 0.8 0.7 4,115 2,215 1,905 0.4 0.4 0.3
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 275,530 131,075 144,445 0.8 0.7 0.8 4,730 2,340 2,390 0.4 0.4 0.4
Arab, n.o.s.128 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 263,710 138,210 125,500 0.7 0.8 0.7 2,155 1,185 970 0.2 0.2 0.2
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 262,140 132,975 129,160 0.7 0.7 0.7 3,075 1,530 1,540 0.3 0.3 0.3
Jamaican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 249,070 119,265 129,805 0.7 0.7 0.7 2,225 1,080 1,150 0.2 0.2 0.2
Asian, n.o.s.129 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 226,220 107,785 118,435 0.6 0.6 0.6 5,860 2,875 2,985 0.5 0.5 0.5
Cree, n.o.s.130 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 219,855 105,825 114,030 0.6 0.6 0.6 46,340 22,465 23,875 4.2 4.1 4.3
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 217,650 101,805 115,845 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,950 945 1,010 0.2 0.2 0.2
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215,885 103,720 112,165 0.6 0.6 0.6 12,415 5,995 6,415 1.1 1.1 1.2
Lebanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 210,605 107,990 102,615 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,240 690 550 0.1 0.1 0.1
Iranian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200,465 100,790 99,675 0.6 0.6 0.5 1,315 700 610 0.1 0.1 0.1
Christian, n.i.e.131 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200,340 99,800 100,540 0.6 0.6 0.5 3,145 1,625 1,520 0.3 0.3 0.3
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 196,945 96,220 100,725 0.5 0.5 0.5 10,585 5,110 5,480 1.0 0.9 1.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.132 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 194,840 94,035 100,810 0.5 0.5 0.5 12,300 5,895 6,405 1.1 1.1 1.2
Sikh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 194,640 101,255 93,385 0.5 0.6 0.5 2,530 1,340 1,195 0.2 0.2 0.2
Austrian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 189,535 92,740 96,800 0.5 0.5 0.5 17,690 8,785 8,900 1.6 1.6 1.6
Belgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 182,175 90,150 92,030 0.5 0.5 0.5 9,340 4,790 4,550 0.8 0.9 0.8
Haitian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 178,990 84,510 94,490 0.5 0.5 0.5 170 100 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hindu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 166,160 87,665 78,495 0.5 0.5 0.4 3,220 1,785 1,435 0.3 0.3 0.3
Mexican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155,495 77,435 78,055 0.4 0.4 0.4 2,620 1,300 1,320 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mennonite 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155,095 77,735 77,360 0.4 0.4 0.4 11,150 5,560 5,590 1.0 1.0 1.0
Swiss 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145,570 72,015 73,555 0.4 0.4 0.4 4,555 2,255 2,295 0.4 0.4 0.4
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 144,055 69,270 74,785 0.4 0.4 0.4 5,180 2,435 2,745 0.5 0.4 0.5
Sri Lankan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 132,410 65,175 67,240 0.4 0.4 0.4 465 220 250 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130,820 64,915 65,905 0.4 0.4 0.4 2,460 1,295 1,170 0.2 0.2 0.2
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 129,425 56,850 72,580 0.4 0.3 0.4 1,295 590 710 0.1 0.1 0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.133 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120,125 60,575 59,550 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,195 610 585 0.1 0.1 0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.134 35 10 25 1.9 1.1 2.7 111,605 53,700 57,905 0.3 0.3 0.3 680 310 370 0.1 0.1 0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.135 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110,735 54,730 56,005 0.3 0.3 0.3 6,025 3,180 2,845 0.5 0.6 0.5
Muslim 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105,620 54,095 51,525 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,780 955 825 0.2 0.2 0.1
Egyptian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105,245 55,230 50,020 0.3 0.3 0.3 995 505 490 0.1 0.1 0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.136 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 104,765 51,375 53,395 0.3 0.3 0.3 860 425 435 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 102,170 51,165 51,005 0.3 0.3 0.3 285 145 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 101,990 50,370 51,620 0.3 0.3 0.3 8,345 3,915 4,425 0.8 0.7 0.8
Colombian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100,555 47,995 52,560 0.3 0.3 0.3 735 350 385 0.1 0.1 0.1
Moroccan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99,980 50,835 49,150 0.3 0.3 0.3 220 125 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 98,925 47,495 51,430 0.3 0.3 0.3 5,290 2,545 2,740 0.5 0.5 0.5
Syrian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 98,250 49,385 48,865 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,140 540 605 0.1 0.1 0.1
Guyanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97,210 46,270 50,940 0.3 0.3 0.3 325 130 195 0.0 0.0 0.0
Afghan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 96,810 48,255 48,550 0.3 0.3 0.3 890 465 425 0.1 0.1 0.1
Black, n.o.s.137 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 94,585 44,335 50,250 0.3 0.2 0.3 730 385 345 0.1 0.1 0.1
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93,360 46,945 46,410 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,325 675 645 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ojibway 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92,220 44,610 47,600 0.3 0.2 0.3 2,060 1,000 1,055 0.2 0.2 0.2
Newfoundlander 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91,670 45,665 46,005 0.3 0.3 0.3 555 295 260 0.1 0.1 0.0
Hong Konger 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 81,680 39,485 42,195 0.2 0.2 0.2 350 175 180 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ontarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80,555 39,675 40,880 0.2 0.2 0.2 425 205 220 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80,340 41,415 38,925 0.2 0.2 0.2 510 290 220 0.0 0.1 0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77,405 37,655 39,750 0.2 0.2 0.2 385 185 200 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76,745 39,955 36,795 0.2 0.2 0.2 695 375 320 0.1 0.1 0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.138 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76,675 37,315 39,365 0.2 0.2 0.2 690 300 390 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75,425 39,085 36,335 0.2 0.2 0.2 3,230 1,740 1,490 0.3 0.3 0.3
Algerian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 73,770 38,035 35,740 0.2 0.2 0.2 45 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Brazilian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 71,755 34,670 37,085 0.2 0.2 0.2 755 345 410 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nigerian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 69,540 34,680 34,860 0.2 0.2 0.2 2,845 1,495 1,350 0.3 0.3 0.2
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68,850 34,105 34,745 0.2 0.2 0.2 270 110 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68,210 33,475 34,740 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,525 805 720 0.1 0.1 0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.139 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66,780 31,525 35,255 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,605 755 845 0.1 0.1 0.2
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65,555 31,555 33,995 0.2 0.2 0.2 870 400 475 0.1 0.1 0.1
Taiwanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64,020 29,280 34,740 0.2 0.2 0.2 250 125 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iraqi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59,300 29,865 29,435 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,250 635 615 0.1 0.1 0.1
Salvadorean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59,280 29,150 30,130 0.2 0.2 0.2 735 330 405 0.1 0.1 0.1
African Caribbean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59,050 26,385 32,670 0.2 0.1 0.2 315 165 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.140 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 58,870 27,845 31,025 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,285 645 645 0.1 0.1 0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.141 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 58,840 30,560 28,280 0.2 0.2 0.2 645 315 335 0.1 0.1 0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.142 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57,195 25,715 31,475 0.2 0.1 0.2 275 150 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56,070 27,025 29,040 0.2 0.2 0.2 320 150 170 0.0 0.0 0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.143 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52,085 23,685 28,395 0.1 0.1 0.2 140 80 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52,040 24,510 27,530 0.1 0.1 0.1 895 445 460 0.1 0.1 0.1
South African 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49,840 24,885 24,955 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,895 975 920 0.2 0.2 0.2
Australian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 46,765 24,165 22,595 0.1 0.1 0.1 980 520 455 0.1 0.1 0.1
Palestinian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,905 23,930 21,975 0.1 0.1 0.1 120 55 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chilean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,685 22,520 23,165 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,035 535 500 0.1 0.1 0.1
Congolese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,260 22,000 23,260 0.1 0.1 0.1 640 360 285 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44,720 21,700 23,025 0.1 0.1 0.1 200 110 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ethiopian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,545 20,675 21,875 0.1 0.1 0.1 690 330 360 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.144 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,405 20,105 22,300 0.1 0.1 0.1 505 285 220 0.0 0.1 0.0
Peruvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,295 19,925 22,370 0.1 0.1 0.1 260 105 155 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,075 21,740 20,330 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,725 1,430 1,295 0.2 0.3 0.2
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,950 19,835 22,115 0.1 0.1 0.1 310 160 155 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,700 22,325 19,370 0.1 0.1 0.1 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,620 21,050 20,570 0.1 0.1 0.1 405 210 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maltese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40,670 20,210 20,455 0.1 0.1 0.1 215 115 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 39,440 19,500 19,940 0.1 0.1 0.1 95 45 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,595 18,785 19,815 0.1 0.1 0.1 490 225 265 0.0 0.0 0.0
Western European, n.o.s.145 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,520 18,935 19,585 0.1 0.1 0.1 615 320 290 0.1 0.1 0.1
New Brunswicker 30 15 15 1.7 1.7 1.6 37,670 18,235 19,435 0.1 0.1 0.1 150 60 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,970 19,580 17,385 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,065 625 450 0.1 0.1 0.1
Eritrean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,290 18,185 18,110 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,235 650 585 0.1 0.1 0.1
African Canadian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,395 17,140 18,250 0.1 0.1 0.1 315 170 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
Israeli 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,345 18,410 16,940 0.1 0.1 0.1 175 95 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,330 16,485 16,845 0.1 0.1 0.1 365 170 190 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.146 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,135 15,355 17,775 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,210 990 1,220 0.2 0.2 0.2
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,085 16,235 16,850 0.1 0.1 0.1 265 145 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Albertan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32,575 16,525 16,055 0.1 0.1 0.1 270 125 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ghanaian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,720 15,650 16,065 0.1 0.1 0.1 555 265 295 0.1 0.0 0.1
Barbadian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,440 15,265 16,175 0.1 0.1 0.1 195 95 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
African American 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,430 15,700 15,730 0.1 0.1 0.1 840 455 390 0.1 0.1 0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.147 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,565 14,635 15,930 0.1 0.1 0.1 745 325 430 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tunisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,465 16,585 13,875 0.1 0.1 0.1 65 40 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.148 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,220 15,225 14,995 0.1 0.1 0.1 580 295 285 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cuban 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,065 14,830 15,235 0.1 0.1 0.1 210 105 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,490 14,320 14,170 0.1 0.1 0.1 535 240 290 0.0 0.0 0.1
Venezuelan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,395 13,220 15,175 0.1 0.1 0.1 160 80 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.149 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,225 13,490 14,735 0.1 0.1 0.1 30 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28,140 13,515 14,620 0.1 0.1 0.1 400 180 220 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,675 13,830 12,850 0.1 0.1 0.1 895 445 450 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cameroonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,535 12,960 13,580 0.1 0.1 0.1 230 100 130 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guatemalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,460 13,920 12,540 0.1 0.1 0.1 295 160 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26,330 11,910 14,415 0.1 0.1 0.1 355 165 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Laotian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,875 12,500 13,375 0.1 0.1 0.1 660 355 305 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,575 11,860 13,715 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,105 595 510 0.1 0.1 0.1
Northern Irish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,200 12,495 12,710 0.1 0.1 0.1 405 220 185 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.150 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,420 12,265 12,155 0.1 0.1 0.1 435 255 180 0.0 0.0 0.0
British Columbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,325 12,230 12,095 0.1 0.1 0.1 155 85 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,255 11,510 12,745 0.1 0.1 0.1 225 115 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Franco Ontarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,110 11,540 12,570 0.1 0.1 0.1 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Argentinian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,500 11,665 11,840 0.1 0.1 0.1 130 60 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,455 11,080 12,375 0.1 0.1 0.1 285 130 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,130 12,670 10,460 0.1 0.1 0.1 155 65 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fijian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,020 11,040 11,980 0.1 0.1 0.1 150 75 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jatt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,785 11,695 11,090 0.1 0.1 0.1 290 145 145 0.0 0.0 0.0
North American, n.o.s.151 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,785 11,680 11,105 0.1 0.1 0.1 325 170 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,570 11,405 11,165 0.1 0.1 0.1 80 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,275 8,525 13,750 0.1 0.0 0.1 595 260 330 0.1 0.0 0.1
Dominican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,125 10,615 11,510 0.1 0.1 0.1 160 100 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,975 11,215 10,765 0.1 0.1 0.1 775 400 370 0.1 0.1 0.1
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,565 10,595 9,975 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,685 9,730 9,955 0.1 0.1 0.1 250 125 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,305 9,890 9,415 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,170 615 555 0.1 0.1 0.1
Byelorussian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,850 9,055 9,795 0.1 0.1 0.1 190 110 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s.152 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,745 9,030 9,710 0.1 0.1 0.1 6,775 3,245 3,530 0.6 0.6 0.6
Blackfoot, n.o.s.153 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,545 8,975 9,570 0.1 0.1 0.1 430 225 205 0.0 0.0 0.0
Abenaki 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,420 8,545 9,870 0.1 0.0 0.1 20 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Moldovan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,190 8,850 9,340 0.1 0.0 0.1 400 200 205 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.154 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,955 8,625 9,330 0.0 0.0 0.1 210 125 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
New Zealander 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,755 9,275 8,470 0.0 0.1 0.0 420 260 160 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sudanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,485 8,825 8,665 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 360 360 0.1 0.1 0.1
Breton 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,465 8,710 8,755 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,315 7,300 10,020 0.0 0.0 0.1 755 320 440 0.1 0.1 0.1
Malaysian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17,050 7,935 9,115 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 65 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,570 8,255 8,310 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,465 4,730 4,745 0.9 0.9 0.9
North African, n.o.s.155 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,315 8,565 7,750 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Huron (Wendat) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,910 7,715 8,195 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saskatchewanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,780 7,505 8,280 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,020 2,990 3,025 0.5 0.5 0.5
Buddhist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,660 7,485 8,175 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 30 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gaspesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,650 7,290 8,360 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norman 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,340 8,155 7,190 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 55 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.156 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,055 7,180 7,875 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 95 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ivorian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,010 7,255 7,755 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteaux 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,265 6,730 7,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,970 3,370 3,600 0.6 0.6 0.7
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.157 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,260 6,525 7,735 0.0 0.0 0.0 515 225 290 0.0 0.0 0.1
Burundian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,110 6,810 7,295 0.0 0.0 0.0 265 150 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrinya 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,910 7,435 6,470 0.0 0.0 0.0 445 235 205 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,840 6,730 7,120 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 150 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mauritian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,755 7,020 6,730 0.0 0.0 0.0 290 150 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kenyan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,565 6,510 7,055 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 160 135 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,525 6,610 6,915 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 55 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vincentian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,245 5,800 7,445 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jordanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,225 7,055 6,170 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 60 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Manitoban 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,095 6,530 6,565 0.0 0.0 0.0 340 165 175 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cape Bretoner 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,065 6,175 6,885 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 45 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rwandan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,890 6,150 6,740 0.0 0.0 0.0 210 105 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Grenadian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,890 5,965 6,930 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,490 6,580 5,910 0.0 0.0 0.0 340 190 150 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,115 6,080 6,035 0.0 0.0 0.0 455 215 245 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhalese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,080 5,905 6,170 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 65 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,710 5,980 5,730 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0
Honduran 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,920 5,370 5,550 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 45 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cherokee 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,825 5,080 5,745 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 290 275 0.1 0.1 0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,750 5,130 5,620 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Caribbean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,490 4,710 5,775 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Flemish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,275 4,950 5,325 0.0 0.0 0.0 440 170 275 0.0 0.0 0.0
United Empire Loyalist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,015 4,975 5,045 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 10 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Senegalese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,955 5,115 4,840 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,915 5,165 4,750 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sicilian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,835 5,135 4,695 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,825 5,195 4,625 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 85 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,795 4,725 5,065 0.0 0.0 0.0 280 140 140 0.0 0.0 0.0
Goan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,700 4,710 4,990 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.158 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,455 4,705 4,755 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 30 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,350 4,650 4,700 0.0 0.0 0.0 85 45 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,165 4,435 4,725 0.0 0.0 0.0 225 135 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,150 4,385 4,760 0.0 0.0 0.0 435 245 190 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,090 4,240 4,850 0.0 0.0 0.0 205 95 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azorean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,970 4,235 4,735 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,400 4,270 4,125 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bamileke 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,315 4,220 4,090 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Guyanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,310 3,765 4,545 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ugandan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,285 3,910 4,375 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 95 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,255 4,425 3,830 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 110 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tanzanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,140 3,945 4,195 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 45 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yemeni 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,115 3,995 4,130 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Central African 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,080 3,830 4,250 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 45 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Libyan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,945 4,265 3,680 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 55 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Basque 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,745 4,030 3,710 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uruguayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,660 3,870 3,790 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Akan, n.o.s.159 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,640 3,835 3,805 0.0 0.0 0.0 160 95 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.160 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,635 3,690 3,950 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 50 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igorot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,535 3,305 4,230 0.0 0.0 0.0 715 325 390 0.1 0.1 0.1
Fulani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,480 3,865 3,620 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 25 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Woodland Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,415 3,615 3,800 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,420 2,130 2,285 0.4 0.4 0.4
Guinean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,390 3,700 3,695 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
St. Lucian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,285 3,340 3,945 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Prince Edward Islander 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,225 3,355 3,875 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maliseet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,220 3,515 3,705 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Beninese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,810 3,630 3,180 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,670 3,730 2,945 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 50 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Roma 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,545 3,225 3,320 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 110 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Costa Rican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,500 3,265 3,230 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 15 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
African Nova Scotian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,480 2,945 3,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,255 3,085 3,170 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,165 3,020 3,145 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 60 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Singaporean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,060 2,755 3,305 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,050 3,065 2,985 0.0 0.0 0.0 925 465 460 0.1 0.1 0.1
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,985 2,995 2,995 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 70 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tajik 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,980 2,965 3,015 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 30 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Amhara 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,945 3,010 2,930 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 35 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Paraguayan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,925 2,855 3,075 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 70 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data161 1,810 900 910 100.0 100.0 100.0 36,328,480 17,937,165 18,391,315 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,103,205 549,495 553,710 100.0 100.0 100.0
Buddhist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 356,975 157,435 199,540 1.0 0.9 1.1 4,410 2,085 2,330 0.4 0.4 0.4
Christian 1,545 750 795 85.4 83.3 87.4 19,373,325 9,131,320 10,242,005 53.3 50.9 55.7 621,250 294,000 327,255 56.3 53.5 59.1
Christian, n.o.s.162 60 30 30 3.3 3.3 3.3 2,760,760 1,319,760 1,440,995 7.6 7.4 7.8 93,135 45,790 47,340 8.4 8.3 8.5
Anabaptist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 144,145 70,095 74,050 0.4 0.4 0.4 11,620 5,605 6,025 1.1 1.0 1.1
Anglican 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,134,315 515,270 619,045 3.1 2.9 3.4 36,415 17,085 19,330 3.3 3.1 3.5
Baptist 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 436,940 200,325 236,615 1.2 1.1 1.3 12,150 5,715 6,435 1.1 1.0 1.2
Catholic 1,420 680 735 78.5 75.6 80.8 10,880,360 5,193,345 5,687,010 29.9 29.0 30.9 265,530 127,030 138,505 24.1 23.1 25.0
Christian Orthodox 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 623,010 301,055 321,955 1.7 1.7 1.8 13,320 6,610 6,710 1.2 1.2 1.2
Jehovah's Witness 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 137,255 59,505 77,750 0.4 0.3 0.4 4,530 1,960 2,570 0.4 0.4 0.5
Latter Day Saints 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87,725 41,365 46,360 0.2 0.2 0.3 2,060 995 1,065 0.2 0.2 0.2
Lutheran 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 328,045 150,115 177,925 0.9 0.8 1.0 46,980 21,930 25,050 4.3 4.0 4.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100,655 46,640 54,020 0.3 0.3 0.3 2,275 1,040 1,235 0.2 0.2 0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 399,025 180,870 218,155 1.1 1.0 1.2 15,255 7,090 8,165 1.4 1.3 1.5
Presbyterian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 301,400 136,440 164,960 0.8 0.8 0.9 4,155 1,920 2,235 0.4 0.3 0.4
Reformed 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 79,870 39,250 40,620 0.2 0.2 0.2 625 310 315 0.1 0.1 0.1
United Church 20 10 10 1.1 1.1 1.1 1,214,185 531,740 682,445 3.3 3.0 3.7 81,465 36,190 45,275 7.4 6.6 8.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 745,650 345,540 400,110 2.1 1.9 2.2 31,740 14,740 17,000 2.9 2.7 3.1
Hindu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 828,195 430,135 398,060 2.3 2.4 2.2 14,150 7,865 6,285 1.3 1.4 1.1
Jewish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335,295 164,220 171,070 0.9 0.9 0.9 1,105 570 535 0.1 0.1 0.1
Muslim 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,775,715 904,205 871,510 4.9 5.0 4.7 25,455 13,285 12,165 2.3 2.4 2.2
Sikh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 771,790 394,345 377,445 2.1 2.2 2.1 9,040 4,715 4,320 0.8 0.9 0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80,685 38,460 42,230 0.2 0.2 0.2 16,300 7,830 8,465 1.5 1.4 1.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 229,015 97,645 131,370 0.6 0.5 0.7 7,540 3,240 4,295 0.7 0.6 0.8
No religion and secular perspectives 255 150 105 14.1 16.7 11.5 12,577,475 6,619,395 5,958,080 34.6 36.9 32.4 403,960 215,895 188,060 36.6 39.3 34.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data163 1,800 895 905 100.0 100.0 100.0 35,986,480 17,761,880 18,224,600 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,090,215 542,725 547,490 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-movers 1,660 835 825 92.2 93.3 91.2 31,600,930 15,595,875 16,005,050 87.8 87.8 87.8 952,690 475,060 477,630 87.4 87.5 87.2
Movers 135 60 75 7.5 6.7 8.3 4,385,555 2,166,005 2,219,550 12.2 12.2 12.2 137,525 67,660 69,860 12.6 12.5 12.8
Non-migrants 75 35 40 4.2 3.9 4.4 2,572,400 1,270,395 1,302,005 7.1 7.2 7.1 87,445 43,195 44,250 8.0 8.0 8.1
Migrants 60 30 35 3.3 3.4 3.9 1,813,155 895,610 917,550 5.0 5.0 5.0 50,080 24,470 25,605 4.6 4.5 4.7
Internal migrants 60 30 35 3.3 3.4 3.9 1,519,200 748,025 771,180 4.2 4.2 4.2 43,570 21,240 22,325 4.0 3.9 4.1
Intraprovincial migrants 50 30 30 2.8 3.4 3.3 1,250,235 612,810 637,425 3.5 3.5 3.5 31,135 14,955 16,180 2.9 2.8 3.0
Interprovincial migrants 10 0 10 0.6 0.0 1.1 268,965 135,215 133,750 0.7 0.8 0.7 12,435 6,290 6,145 1.1 1.2 1.1
External migrants 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 293,955 147,585 146,370 0.8 0.8 0.8 6,510 3,230 3,280 0.6 0.6 0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data164 1,755 880 875 100.0 100.0 100.0 34,504,330 17,002,250 17,502,080 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,034,525 514,365 520,155 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-movers 1,320 665 660 75.2 75.6 75.4 21,061,090 10,370,425 10,690,660 61.0 61.0 61.1 640,040 320,125 319,920 61.9 62.2 61.5
Movers 430 210 220 24.5 23.9 25.1 13,443,240 6,631,825 6,811,420 39.0 39.0 38.9 394,480 194,240 200,240 38.1 37.8 38.5
Non-migrants 125 60 60 7.1 6.8 6.9 5,773,890 2,840,425 2,933,460 16.7 16.7 16.8 180,065 88,355 91,715 17.4 17.2 17.6
Migrants 305 150 155 17.4 17.0 17.7 7,669,355 3,791,400 3,877,955 22.2 22.3 22.2 214,415 105,890 108,525 20.7 20.6 20.9
Internal migrants 305 150 155 17.4 17.0 17.7 5,976,960 2,932,205 3,044,755 17.3 17.2 17.4 172,905 84,895 88,015 16.7 16.5 16.9
Intraprovincial migrants 255 115 135 14.5 13.1 15.4 5,055,615 2,472,510 2,583,105 14.7 14.5 14.8 134,460 65,855 68,605 13.0 12.8 13.2
Interprovincial migrants 55 30 25 3.1 3.4 2.9 921,345 459,695 461,650 2.7 2.7 2.6 38,445 19,040 19,410 3.7 3.7 3.7
External migrants 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,692,390 859,195 833,200 4.9 5.1 4.8 41,505 20,995 20,510 4.0 4.1 3.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 1,625 820 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,250 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 480 250 235 29.5 30.5 29.4 5,474,175 2,907,175 2,567,000 18.0 19.6 16.6 177,330 101,135 76,195 20.1 23.2 17.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 1,145 575 570 70.5 70.1 71.3 24,861,745 11,954,065 12,907,675 82.0 80.4 83.4 705,430 335,375 370,050 79.9 76.8 82.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 980 485 500 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,568,265 9,620,340 9,947,925 100.0 100.0 100.0 566,615 281,370 285,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 150 90 60 15.3 18.6 12.0 2,271,360 1,309,215 962,140 11.6 13.6 9.7 70,485 43,935 26,555 12.4 15.6 9.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 835 395 440 85.2 81.4 88.0 17,296,905 8,311,120 8,985,780 88.4 86.4 90.3 496,130 237,440 258,690 87.6 84.4 90.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 1,625 820 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,915 14,861,245 15,474,670 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree 435 210 220 26.8 25.6 27.5 4,899,580 2,534,175 2,365,395 16.2 17.1 15.3 159,815 89,275 70,540 18.1 20.5 15.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 430 235 195 26.5 28.7 24.4 8,097,295 4,022,790 4,074,505 26.7 27.1 26.3 284,345 146,000 138,345 32.2 33.4 31.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 760 380 385 46.8 46.3 48.1 17,339,045 8,304,275 9,034,770 57.2 55.9 58.4 438,600 201,240 237,360 49.7 46.1 53.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 650 335 310 40.0 40.9 38.8 9,252,800 4,623,985 4,628,815 30.5 31.1 29.9 257,350 123,755 133,590 29.2 28.4 29.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 175 105 65 10.8 12.8 8.1 2,641,555 1,811,500 830,055 8.7 12.2 5.4 84,485 61,685 22,800 9.6 14.1 5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 110 60 55 6.8 7.3 6.9 1,458,160 827,980 630,185 4.8 5.6 4.1 32,710 18,090 14,620 3.7 4.1 3.3
Apprenticeship certificate169 60 50 15 3.7 6.1 1.9 1,183,395 983,525 199,870 3.9 6.6 1.3 51,775 43,590 8,180 5.9 10.0 1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 460 220 240 28.3 26.8 30.0 5,714,490 2,439,925 3,274,560 18.8 16.4 21.2 143,610 50,720 92,890 16.3 11.6 20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 20 10 10 1.2 1.2 1.3 896,755 372,560 524,195 3.0 2.5 3.4 29,260 11,355 17,905 3.3 2.6 4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher 110 40 75 6.8 4.9 9.4 8,086,245 3,680,285 4,405,955 26.7 24.8 28.5 181,255 77,485 103,770 20.5 17.8 23.3
Bachelor's degree 95 30 65 5.8 3.7 8.1 5,295,360 2,339,045 2,956,315 17.5 15.7 19.1 130,060 53,265 76,785 14.7 12.2 17.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 556,510 243,200 313,310 1.8 1.6 2.0 8,890 3,790 5,095 1.0 0.9 1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 214,105 108,000 106,105 0.7 0.7 0.7 5,205 2,680 2,525 0.6 0.6 0.6
Master's degree 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 1,740,605 824,250 916,355 5.7 5.5 5.9 31,315 14,210 17,105 3.5 3.3 3.8
Earned doctorate171 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 279,660 165,795 113,870 0.9 1.1 0.7 5,790 3,535 2,255 0.7 0.8 0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 980 480 495 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,568,260 9,620,335 9,947,920 100.0 100.0 100.0 566,615 281,370 285,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree 130 70 60 13.3 14.6 12.1 1,931,855 1,094,855 837,000 9.9 11.4 8.4 61,380 37,625 23,755 10.8 13.4 8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 290 165 125 29.6 34.4 25.3 4,501,365 2,349,540 2,151,825 23.0 24.4 21.6 171,565 91,440 80,125 30.3 32.5 28.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 560 240 320 57.1 50.0 64.6 13,135,045 6,175,940 6,959,105 67.1 64.2 70.0 333,670 152,305 181,370 58.9 54.1 63.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 470 210 260 48.0 43.8 52.5 6,703,100 3,338,215 3,364,885 34.3 34.7 33.8 187,510 91,760 95,745 33.1 32.6 33.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 100 60 45 10.2 12.5 9.1 1,886,510 1,280,245 606,260 9.6 13.3 6.1 61,810 45,770 16,040 10.9 16.3 5.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 85 45 35 8.7 9.4 7.1 1,050,285 586,420 463,865 5.4 6.1 4.7 23,150 13,115 10,035 4.1 4.7 3.5
Apprenticeship certificate169 20 10 10 2.0 2.1 2.0 836,220 693,830 142,395 4.3 7.2 1.4 38,660 32,655 6,005 6.8 11.6 2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 355 150 205 36.2 31.3 41.4 4,193,505 1,796,935 2,396,575 21.4 18.7 24.1 106,680 38,240 68,435 18.8 13.6 24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 15 0 10 1.5 0.0 2.0 623,090 261,035 362,050 3.2 2.7 3.6 19,025 7,755 11,270 3.4 2.8 4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher 90 30 55 9.2 6.3 11.1 6,431,940 2,837,720 3,594,215 32.9 29.5 36.1 146,160 60,540 85,620 25.8 21.5 30.0
Bachelor's degree 75 20 55 7.7 4.2 11.1 4,177,455 1,808,555 2,368,900 21.3 18.8 23.8 103,950 41,590 62,355 18.3 14.8 21.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 430,875 179,230 251,645 2.2 1.9 2.5 6,745 2,720 4,025 1.2 1.0 1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 167,730 75,120 92,615 0.9 0.8 0.9 4,300 1,995 2,305 0.8 0.7 0.8
Master's degree 10 0 0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1,446,435 659,295 787,145 7.4 6.9 7.9 26,715 11,665 15,045 4.7 4.1 5.3
Earned doctorate171 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 209,445 115,530 93,915 1.1 1.2 0.9 4,455 2,570 1,885 0.8 0.9 0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data172 1,620 825 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,245 15,474,675 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 860 445 420 53.1 53.9 52.5 12,996,870 6,556,970 6,439,900 42.8 44.1 41.6 444,160 235,270 208,885 50.3 53.9 46.8
Education 35 0 35 2.2 0.0 4.4 1,113,015 258,365 854,655 3.7 1.7 5.5 41,855 10,430 31,430 4.7 2.4 7.0
13. Education 35 0 35 2.2 0.0 4.4 1,113,015 258,365 854,655 3.7 1.7 5.5 41,855 10,430 31,430 4.7 2.4 7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 10 10 0 0.6 1.2 0.0 631,255 274,065 357,190 2.1 1.8 2.3 8,250 3,400 4,850 0.9 0.8 1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 74,785 53,390 21,395 0.2 0.4 0.1 1,135 805 330 0.1 0.2 0.1
50. Visual and performing arts 10 0 0 0.6 0.0 0.0 556,470 220,680 335,790 1.8 1.5 2.2 7,115 2,595 4,520 0.8 0.6 1.0
Humanities 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 926,560 354,120 572,440 3.1 2.4 3.7 16,710 7,370 9,340 1.9 1.7 2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 106,345 23,460 82,885 0.4 0.2 0.5 1,080 310 770 0.1 0.1 0.2
23. English language and literature/letters 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 184,600 53,020 131,580 0.6 0.4 0.9 3,555 1,180 2,380 0.4 0.3 0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 316,050 119,215 196,830 1.0 0.8 1.3 3,575 1,315 2,260 0.4 0.3 0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,935 6,835 12,095 0.1 0.0 0.1 315 100 215 0.0 0.0 0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57,745 33,040 24,700 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,355 740 610 0.2 0.2 0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77,510 46,140 31,365 0.3 0.3 0.2 4,520 2,525 1,995 0.5 0.6 0.4
54. History 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 108,935 58,310 50,620 0.4 0.4 0.3 2,015 1,150 870 0.2 0.3 0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56,440 14,090 42,345 0.2 0.1 0.3 290 45 250 0.0 0.0 0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law 75 15 60 4.6 1.8 7.5 2,016,125 670,770 1,345,360 6.6 4.5 8.7 33,210 10,740 22,470 3.8 2.5 5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29,430 7,065 22,365 0.1 0.0 0.1 830 210 625 0.1 0.0 0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 233,400 88,205 145,200 0.8 0.6 0.9 2,930 1,320 1,615 0.3 0.3 0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 55 0 50 3.4 0.0 6.3 344,150 27,905 316,240 1.1 0.2 2.0 7,185 500 6,685 0.8 0.1 1.5
22. Legal professions and studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325,785 115,335 210,445 1.1 0.8 1.4 5,120 1,925 3,190 0.6 0.4 0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49,855 16,000 33,850 0.2 0.1 0.2 590 225 370 0.1 0.1 0.1
42. Psychology 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 327,965 79,295 248,665 1.1 0.5 1.6 6,215 1,630 4,590 0.7 0.4 1.0
45. Social sciences 20 15 0 1.2 1.8 0.0 705,540 336,960 368,580 2.3 2.3 2.4 10,330 4,935 5,395 1.2 1.1 1.2
Business, management and public administration 85 45 45 5.2 5.5 5.6 3,758,250 1,488,175 2,270,075 12.4 10.0 14.7 92,220 29,255 62,965 10.4 6.7 14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,335 1,705 3,630 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 45 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 272,240 55,995 216,245 0.9 0.4 1.4 9,905 2,070 7,835 1.1 0.5 1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 80 45 40 4.9 5.5 5.0 3,480,675 1,430,475 2,050,200 11.5 9.6 13.2 82,150 27,140 55,010 9.3 6.2 12.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 719,715 353,540 366,175 2.4 2.4 2.4 13,015 6,260 6,750 1.5 1.4 1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 297,055 121,615 175,435 1.0 0.8 1.1 6,320 2,775 3,545 0.7 0.6 0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155,955 72,245 83,705 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,960 830 1,125 0.2 0.2 0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35,380 14,950 20,430 0.1 0.1 0.1 150 35 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
40. Physical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 196,620 130,745 65,875 0.6 0.9 0.4 3,390 2,190 1,205 0.4 0.5 0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 34,710 13,985 20,730 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,195 435 760 0.1 0.1 0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 20 0 15 1.2 0.0 1.9 804,230 531,435 272,795 2.7 3.6 1.8 14,360 9,055 5,305 1.6 2.1 1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 15 0 10 0.9 0.0 1.3 643,145 454,370 188,775 2.1 3.1 1.2 11,735 8,025 3,710 1.3 1.8 0.8
25. Library science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43,085 7,100 35,985 0.1 0.0 0.2 950 120 825 0.1 0.0 0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99,360 57,560 41,800 0.3 0.4 0.3 1,435 765 675 0.2 0.2 0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,640 12,400 6,240 0.1 0.1 0.0 235 145 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 210 195 10 13.0 23.6 1.3 3,506,120 3,131,220 374,900 11.6 21.1 2.4 94,645 87,115 7,530 10.7 20.0 1.7
04. Architecture and related services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135,020 81,930 53,090 0.4 0.6 0.3 1,710 1,050 660 0.2 0.2 0.1
14. Engineering 10 10 0 0.6 1.2 0.0 900,475 723,080 177,395 3.0 4.9 1.1 15,975 13,055 2,920 1.8 3.0 0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 60 45 10 3.7 5.5 1.3 726,155 638,355 87,800 2.4 4.3 0.6 18,400 16,330 2,075 2.1 3.7 0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 580 190 390 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
46. Construction trades 60 60 0 3.7 7.3 0.0 703,905 683,060 20,845 2.3 4.6 0.1 24,630 23,810 820 2.8 5.5 0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 50 50 0 3.1 6.1 0.0 659,480 640,895 18,590 2.2 4.3 0.1 21,790 21,240 550 2.5 4.9 0.1
48. Precision production 25 25 0 1.5 3.0 0.0 380,505 363,710 16,795 1.3 2.4 0.1 12,130 11,630 500 1.4 2.7 0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 25 20 0 1.5 2.4 0.0 407,545 234,360 173,175 1.3 1.6 1.1 18,995 12,340 6,650 2.2 2.8 1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 15 0 0 0.9 0.0 0.0 262,580 140,520 122,070 0.9 0.9 0.8 15,775 10,225 5,550 1.8 2.3 1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation 10 10 0 0.6 1.2 0.0 144,960 93,845 51,115 0.5 0.6 0.3 3,220 2,120 1,100 0.4 0.5 0.2
Health and related fields 170 35 135 10.5 4.2 16.9 2,444,500 485,615 1,958,885 8.1 3.3 12.7 77,105 13,095 64,015 8.7 3.0 14.3
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 10 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 15 15 0 0.9 1.8 0.0 180,785 89,005 91,780 0.6 0.6 0.6 4,765 2,240 2,525 0.5 0.5 0.6
51. Health professions and related programs178 150 15 135 9.3 1.8 16.9 2,194,395 360,540 1,833,855 7.2 2.4 11.9 70,660 9,930 60,730 8.0 2.3 13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,255 1,425 3,825 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 60 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64,030 34,630 29,400 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,535 860 675 0.2 0.2 0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services 135 55 75 8.3 6.7 9.4 1,006,425 520,970 485,455 3.3 3.5 3.1 28,170 12,145 16,030 3.2 2.8 3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 80 0 75 4.9 0.0 9.4 548,520 151,115 397,410 1.8 1.0 2.6 17,195 3,335 13,860 1.9 0.8 3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,965 3,520 445 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 30 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,900 6,210 690 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 95 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
43. Security and protective services 25 25 0 1.5 3.0 0.0 227,835 160,930 66,905 0.8 1.1 0.4 5,415 3,655 1,760 0.6 0.8 0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving 25 25 0 1.5 3.0 0.0 219,205 199,190 20,010 0.7 1.3 0.1 5,425 5,035 390 0.6 1.2 0.1
Other179 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,305 1,640 3,665 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 40 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data172 980 485 500 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,568,260 9,620,340 9,947,925 100.0 100.0 100.0 566,615 281,375 285,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 420 240 180 42.9 49.5 36.0 6,433,215 3,444,395 2,988,825 32.9 35.8 30.0 232,940 129,065 103,875 41.1 45.9 36.4
Education 25 0 25 2.6 0.0 5.0 742,175 158,185 583,990 3.8 1.6 5.9 27,555 6,340 21,215 4.9 2.3 7.4
13. Education 25 0 25 2.6 0.0 5.0 742,175 158,185 583,990 3.8 1.6 5.9 27,555 6,340 21,215 4.9 2.3 7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 10 0 0 1.0 0.0 0.0 490,455 210,500 279,955 2.5 2.2 2.8 6,520 2,715 3,800 1.2 1.0 1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54,645 38,170 16,475 0.3 0.4 0.2 775 565 210 0.1 0.2 0.1
50. Visual and performing arts 10 0 0 1.0 0.0 0.0 435,815 172,330 263,480 2.2 1.8 2.6 5,740 2,150 3,590 1.0 0.8 1.3
Humanities 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 649,695 241,235 408,465 3.3 2.5 4.1 12,145 5,295 6,850 2.1 1.9 2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 79,235 16,400 62,835 0.4 0.2 0.6 825 250 575 0.1 0.1 0.2
23. English language and literature/letters 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 134,815 37,610 97,210 0.7 0.4 1.0 2,665 875 1,790 0.5 0.3 0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 216,725 80,505 136,220 1.1 0.8 1.4 2,815 1,065 1,755 0.5 0.4 0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,910 4,540 8,370 0.1 0.0 0.1 220 75 150 0.0 0.0 0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41,640 23,645 17,990 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,010 515 500 0.2 0.2 0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,920 29,245 19,675 0.2 0.3 0.2 2,930 1,695 1,235 0.5 0.6 0.4
54. History 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 78,415 40,800 37,615 0.4 0.4 0.4 1,490 810 680 0.3 0.3 0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37,045 8,490 28,555 0.2 0.1 0.3 190 20 170 0.0 0.0 0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law 60 10 50 6.1 2.1 10.0 1,588,720 502,835 1,085,885 8.1 5.2 10.9 26,915 8,320 18,600 4.8 3.0 6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,895 5,520 18,370 0.1 0.1 0.2 725 170 550 0.1 0.1 0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 196,475 72,125 124,350 1.0 0.7 1.3 2,545 1,165 1,375 0.4 0.4 0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 45 0 45 4.6 0.0 9.0 270,970 20,095 250,875 1.4 0.2 2.5 5,850 405 5,450 1.0 0.1 1.9
22. Legal professions and studies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 261,265 82,850 178,420 1.3 0.9 1.8 4,075 1,360 2,720 0.7 0.5 1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37,830 12,160 25,670 0.2 0.1 0.3 460 150 310 0.1 0.1 0.1
42. Psychology 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 249,205 55,840 193,365 1.3 0.6 1.9 4,770 1,125 3,640 0.8 0.4 1.3
45. Social sciences 15 10 0 1.5 2.1 0.0 549,090 254,250 294,840 2.8 2.6 3.0 8,490 3,940 4,550 1.5 1.4 1.6
Business, management and public administration 60 25 30 6.1 5.2 6.0 2,941,315 1,140,050 1,801,260 15.0 11.9 18.1 72,350 22,735 49,615 12.8 8.1 17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,995 1,335 2,665 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 40 105 0.0 0.0 0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 213,140 40,230 172,910 1.1 0.4 1.7 7,740 1,425 6,315 1.4 0.5 2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 55 25 25 5.6 5.2 5.0 2,724,175 1,098,490 1,625,685 13.9 11.4 16.3 64,470 21,270 43,200 11.4 7.6 15.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 513,555 241,780 271,785 2.6 2.5 2.7 10,095 4,775 5,315 1.8 1.7 1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 227,460 90,390 137,075 1.2 0.9 1.4 4,900 2,080 2,825 0.9 0.7 1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 108,350 48,075 60,280 0.6 0.5 0.6 1,530 640 890 0.3 0.2 0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,270 5,690 8,580 0.1 0.1 0.1 125 30 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
40. Physical sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140,510 88,540 51,970 0.7 0.9 0.5 2,740 1,720 1,020 0.5 0.6 0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,960 9,090 13,870 0.1 0.1 0.1 795 310 485 0.1 0.1 0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 10 0 10 1.0 0.0 2.0 667,305 445,970 221,330 3.4 4.6 2.2 12,025 7,645 4,375 2.1 2.7 1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 554,185 392,835 161,350 2.8 4.1 1.6 10,205 7,005 3,195 1.8 2.5 1.1
25. Library science 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27,610 4,720 22,885 0.1 0.0 0.2 655 65 590 0.1 0.0 0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70,940 39,000 31,940 0.4 0.4 0.3 980 470 510 0.2 0.2 0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,565 9,415 5,155 0.1 0.1 0.1 190 110 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 130 120 15 13.3 24.7 3.0 2,611,205 2,292,785 318,420 13.3 23.8 3.2 72,215 65,655 6,560 12.7 23.3 2.3
04. Architecture and related services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105,845 61,230 44,605 0.5 0.6 0.4 1,350 785 565 0.2 0.3 0.2
14. Engineering 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 724,235 568,385 155,850 3.7 5.9 1.6 13,255 10,650 2,600 2.3 3.8 0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 35 20 15 3.6 4.1 3.0 536,600 464,510 72,090 2.7 4.8 0.7 14,385 12,545 1,845 2.5 4.5 0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 510 160 350 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
46. Construction trades 45 45 0 4.6 9.3 0.0 510,105 493,000 17,100 2.6 5.1 0.2 18,380 17,710 670 3.2 6.3 0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 30 30 0 3.1 6.2 0.0 467,225 452,385 14,840 2.4 4.7 0.1 15,630 15,160 470 2.8 5.4 0.2
48. Precision production 20 20 0 2.0 4.1 0.0 266,690 253,110 13,585 1.4 2.6 0.1 9,210 8,800 405 1.6 3.1 0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 20 20 0 2.0 4.1 0.0 314,120 170,440 143,680 1.6 1.8 1.4 14,555 8,905 5,650 2.6 3.2 2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 15 10 0 1.5 2.1 0.0 199,335 99,700 99,635 1.0 1.0 1.0 11,965 7,285 4,680 2.1 2.6 1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation 10 10 0 1.0 2.1 0.0 114,780 70,745 44,040 0.6 0.7 0.4 2,590 1,620 970 0.5 0.6 0.3
Health and related fields 150 30 120 15.3 6.2 24.0 1,839,975 371,180 1,468,795 9.4 3.9 14.8 57,430 10,205 47,225 10.1 3.6 16.6
30.37 Design for human health 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 10 10 0 1.0 2.1 0.0 139,280 67,885 71,385 0.7 0.7 0.7 3,605 1,645 1,955 0.6 0.6 0.7
51. Health professions and related programs178 130 10 120 13.3 2.1 24.0 1,648,120 279,090 1,369,030 8.4 2.9 13.8 52,460 7,860 44,605 9.3 2.8 15.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,430 945 3,485 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 30 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,115 23,255 24,860 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,265 670 600 0.2 0.2 0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services 90 30 55 9.2 6.2 11.0 772,450 399,835 372,615 3.9 4.2 3.7 21,820 9,680 12,135 3.9 3.4 4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 65 10 50 6.6 2.1 10.0 414,520 112,935 301,590 2.1 1.2 3.0 12,955 2,655 10,305 2.3 0.9 3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,955 2,575 375 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 25 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,850 3,415 435 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 40 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
43. Security and protective services 15 15 0 1.5 3.1 0.0 183,025 128,295 54,725 0.9 1.3 0.6 4,425 2,915 1,505 0.8 1.0 0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving 10 10 0 1.0 2.1 0.0 168,105 152,620 15,485 0.9 1.6 0.2 4,360 4,050 310 0.8 1.4 0.1
Other179 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,075 1,150 2,930 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data180 980 485 500 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,568,260 9,620,340 9,947,925 100.0 100.0 100.0 566,615 281,375 285,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 420 240 180 42.9 49.5 36.0 6,433,215 3,444,395 2,988,825 32.9 35.8 30.0 232,940 129,065 103,875 41.1 45.9 36.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree181 560 240 315 57.1 49.5 63.0 13,135,040 6,175,940 6,959,100 67.1 64.2 70.0 333,675 152,305 181,370 58.9 54.1 63.6
Location of study inside Canada 560 240 315 57.1 49.5 63.0 10,490,520 4,926,390 5,564,130 53.6 51.2 55.9 277,810 125,215 152,600 49.0 44.5 53.5
Same as province or territory of residence 495 200 290 50.5 41.2 58.0 9,251,025 4,324,195 4,926,830 47.3 44.9 49.5 221,390 98,410 122,980 39.1 35.0 43.1
Different than province or territory of residence 70 40 30 7.1 8.2 6.0 1,239,495 602,195 637,300 6.3 6.3 6.4 56,420 26,805 29,615 10.0 9.5 10.4
Location of study outside Canada182 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,644,520 1,249,550 1,394,970 13.5 13.0 14.0 55,865 27,090 28,775 9.9 9.6 10.1
Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 483,810 238,040 245,775 2.5 2.5 2.5 7,105 3,490 3,615 1.3 1.2 1.3
United States of America 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 279,005 143,575 135,435 1.4 1.5 1.4 5,385 2,725 2,660 1.0 1.0 0.9
Mexico 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,400 16,175 20,230 0.2 0.2 0.2 285 130 160 0.1 0.0 0.1
Cuba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,345 4,275 4,070 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haiti 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,620 5,645 4,970 0.1 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,780 6,110 6,670 0.1 0.1 0.1 320 130 190 0.1 0.0 0.1
Brazil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40,050 18,445 21,605 0.2 0.2 0.2 320 155 165 0.1 0.1 0.1
Colombia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31,165 13,875 17,295 0.2 0.1 0.2 205 95 110 0.0 0.0 0.0
Peru 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,780 3,025 4,750 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 10 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Venezuela95 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,655 5,330 7,320 0.1 0.1 0.1 60 25 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Americas 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,000 21,575 23,425 0.2 0.2 0.2 430 195 235 0.1 0.1 0.1
Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 543,725 281,205 262,520 2.8 2.9 2.6 7,140 3,870 3,270 1.3 1.4 1.1
Belgium 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,795 4,260 3,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 35 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
France 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97,770 53,930 43,840 0.5 0.6 0.4 180 95 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germany 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,450 12,070 10,380 0.1 0.1 0.1 555 305 245 0.1 0.1 0.1
Netherlands 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,825 6,065 4,765 0.1 0.1 0.0 220 140 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Switzerland 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,470 4,420 4,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 40 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungary 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,160 2,465 2,700 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 35 40 0.0 0.0 0.0
Moldova183 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,055 4,165 4,890 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 50 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Poland 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,215 11,115 14,100 0.1 0.1 0.1 200 100 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Romania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32,250 16,190 16,060 0.2 0.2 0.2 155 75 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian Federation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,095 16,250 19,845 0.2 0.2 0.2 285 130 160 0.1 0.0 0.1
Ukraine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36,405 16,635 19,775 0.2 0.2 0.2 1,700 820 885 0.3 0.3 0.3
Ireland96 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,040 9,175 6,865 0.1 0.1 0.1 350 200 155 0.1 0.1 0.1
United Kingdom87 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 151,900 81,980 69,920 0.8 0.9 0.7 2,180 1,320 860 0.4 0.5 0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,030 2,915 3,115 0.0 0.0 0.0 115 55 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italy 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,895 5,055 3,840 0.0 0.1 0.0 45 30 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbia86 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,745 4,470 4,280 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 80 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Europe 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60,615 30,055 30,560 0.3 0.3 0.3 705 365 345 0.1 0.1 0.1
Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 216,815 111,010 105,805 1.1 1.2 1.1 4,770 2,465 2,300 0.8 0.9 0.8
Nigeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,280 16,395 16,880 0.2 0.2 0.2 2,085 1,040 1,045 0.4 0.4 0.4
Algeria 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,230 17,020 16,210 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morocco 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23,640 12,125 11,510 0.1 0.1 0.1 90 60 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,655 7,100 5,555 0.1 0.1 0.1 50 40 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Egypt 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,255 15,145 15,115 0.2 0.2 0.2 385 195 190 0.1 0.1 0.1
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,060 9,900 9,160 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,035 545 495 0.2 0.2 0.2
Other locations of study in Africa 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64,700 33,325 31,385 0.3 0.3 0.3 1,115 575 540 0.2 0.2 0.2
Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,352,215 594,805 757,410 6.9 6.2 7.6 36,065 16,830 19,235 6.4 6.0 6.7
Iran88 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66,630 30,180 36,450 0.3 0.3 0.4 545 270 280 0.1 0.1 0.1
Iraq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,515 8,250 8,265 0.1 0.1 0.1 170 95 70 0.0 0.0 0.0
Israel 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,355 5,725 5,630 0.1 0.1 0.1 90 40 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,565 9,355 10,210 0.1 0.1 0.1 40 30 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syria89 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,405 7,885 8,520 0.1 0.1 0.1 140 85 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,855 6,595 5,260 0.1 0.1 0.1 70 45 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
China90 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 201,100 87,370 113,720 1.0 0.9 1.1 3,445 1,580 1,865 0.6 0.6 0.7
Taiwan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,520 4,750 9,770 0.1 0.0 0.1 75 25 50 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hong Kong91 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,325 7,445 10,875 0.1 0.1 0.1 85 40 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,605 5,280 13,325 0.1 0.1 0.1 145 55 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korea, South92 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53,575 20,575 33,000 0.3 0.2 0.3 595 270 325 0.1 0.1 0.1
Philippines 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 305,795 115,370 190,420 1.6 1.2 1.9 15,730 6,870 8,860 2.8 2.4 3.1
Viet Nam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,500 4,490 8,005 0.1 0.0 0.1 655 300 355 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,000 11,360 13,645 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,510 765 745 0.3 0.3 0.3
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,085 7,090 7,995 0.1 0.1 0.1 145 70 75 0.0 0.0 0.0
India 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 405,850 199,380 206,475 2.1 2.1 2.1 9,290 4,660 4,630 1.6 1.7 1.6
Pakistan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75,155 35,055 40,100 0.4 0.4 0.4 2,595 1,310 1,285 0.5 0.5 0.5
Other locations of study in Asia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64,385 28,650 35,735 0.3 0.3 0.4 735 335 400 0.1 0.1 0.1
Oceania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 47,960 24,495 23,460 0.2 0.3 0.2 780 430 355 0.1 0.2 0.1
Australia 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38,525 19,270 19,250 0.2 0.2 0.2 645 365 280 0.1 0.1 0.1
New Zealand 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,785 4,300 3,485 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,655 930 730 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data184 1,625 820 800 ... ... ... 30,335,915 14,861,245 15,474,670 ... ... ... 882,760 436,515 446,245 ... ... ...
In the labour force 920 475 450 ... ... ... 19,310,345 10,056,270 9,254,070 ... ... ... 577,510 303,915 273,590 ... ... ...
Employed 810 400 410 ... ... ... 17,321,695 9,056,680 8,265,025 ... ... ... 528,900 277,285 251,620 ... ... ...
Unemployed 110 65 40 ... ... ... 1,988,645 999,600 989,045 ... ... ... 48,605 26,640 21,970 ... ... ...
Not in the labour force 705 350 350 ... ... ... 11,025,575 4,804,970 6,220,605 ... ... ... 305,250 132,595 172,660 ... ... ...
Participation rate 56.6 57.9 56.3 56.6 57.9 56.3 63.7 67.7 59.8 63.7 67.7 59.8 65.4 69.6 61.3 65.4 69.6 61.3
Employment rate 49.8 48.8 51.3 49.8 48.8 51.3 57.1 60.9 53.4 57.1 60.9 53.4 59.9 63.5 56.4 59.9 63.5 56.4
Unemployment rate 12.0 13.7 8.9 12.0 13.7 8.9 10.3 9.9 10.7 10.3 9.9 10.7 8.4 8.8 8.0 8.4 8.8 8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data185 1,620 825 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,335,920 14,861,245 15,474,675 100.0 100.0 100.0 882,760 436,515 446,245 100.0 100.0 100.0
Did not work186 665 350 320 41.0 42.4 40.0 11,140,775 4,889,605 6,251,170 36.7 32.9 40.4 312,775 138,210 174,575 35.4 31.7 39.1
Worked 955 475 485 59.0 57.6 60.6 19,195,145 9,971,640 9,223,500 63.3 67.1 59.6 569,980 298,310 271,675 64.6 68.3 60.9
Worked full year full time187 460 235 220 28.4 28.5 27.5 10,215,385 5,685,910 4,529,475 33.7 38.3 29.3 313,995 176,910 137,085 35.6 40.5 30.7
Worked part year and/or part time188 495 235 265 30.6 28.5 33.1 8,979,760 4,285,730 4,694,025 29.6 28.8 30.3 255,980 121,395 134,590 29.0 27.8 30.2
Average weeks worked in reference year 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 41.0 41.7 40.3 41.0 41.7 40.3 41.7 42.2 41.1 41.7 42.2 41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data189 925 470 450 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,310,340 10,056,275 9,254,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 577,505 303,920 273,590 100.0 100.0 100.0
Class of worker - not applicable190 20 10 10 2.2 2.1 2.2 486,865 237,950 248,915 2.5 2.4 2.7 14,000 7,290 6,715 2.4 2.4 2.5
All classes of workers191 900 460 440 97.3 97.9 97.8 18,823,480 9,818,325 9,005,160 97.5 97.6 97.3 563,505 296,630 266,870 97.6 97.6 97.5
Employee 860 440 415 93.0 93.6 92.2 16,103,455 8,139,075 7,964,375 83.4 80.9 86.1 469,850 237,200 232,650 81.4 78.0 85.0
Permanent position 620 320 300 67.0 68.1 66.7 13,431,685 6,866,375 6,565,310 69.6 68.3 70.9 383,850 196,385 187,470 66.5 64.6 68.5
Temporary position 235 120 115 25.4 25.5 25.6 2,671,765 1,272,700 1,399,065 13.8 12.7 15.1 86,000 40,815 45,180 14.9 13.4 16.5
Fixed term (1 year or more) 45 20 30 4.9 4.3 6.7 867,740 386,965 480,775 4.5 3.8 5.2 24,010 9,810 14,200 4.2 3.2 5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year) 190 100 90 20.5 21.3 20.0 1,804,030 885,740 918,285 9.3 8.8 9.9 61,985 31,005 30,985 10.7 10.2 11.3
Self-employed192 40 20 20 4.3 4.3 4.4 2,720,025 1,679,250 1,040,780 14.1 16.7 11.2 93,655 59,430 34,225 16.2 19.6 12.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data193 925 470 450 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,310,340 10,056,275 9,254,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 577,505 303,920 273,590 100.0 100.0 100.0
Occupation - not applicable190 20 10 10 2.2 2.1 2.2 486,865 237,950 248,915 2.5 2.4 2.7 14,000 7,290 6,715 2.4 2.4 2.5
All occupations191 900 460 440 97.3 97.9 97.8 18,823,480 9,818,325 9,005,160 97.5 97.6 97.3 563,505 296,630 266,870 97.6 97.6 97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 254,760 177,450 77,315 1.3 1.8 0.8 5,305 3,110 2,195 0.9 1.0 0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 105 35 75 11.4 7.4 16.7 3,303,180 1,062,425 2,240,755 17.1 10.6 24.2 82,325 22,340 59,985 14.3 7.4 21.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 10 10 0 1.1 2.1 0.0 1,587,980 1,199,390 388,595 8.2 11.9 4.2 30,545 23,195 7,345 5.3 7.6 2.7
3 Health occupations 90 15 75 9.7 3.2 16.7 1,504,100 298,960 1,205,135 7.8 3.0 13.0 49,765 8,520 41,245 8.6 2.8 15.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 125 50 70 13.5 10.6 15.6 2,322,345 752,280 1,570,075 12.0 7.5 17.0 71,380 22,580 48,800 12.4 7.4 17.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 15 10 10 1.6 2.1 2.2 596,785 275,420 321,360 3.1 2.7 3.5 11,145 4,145 7,000 1.9 1.4 2.6
6 Sales and service occupations 300 110 190 32.4 23.4 42.2 4,616,050 2,072,110 2,543,945 23.9 20.6 27.5 133,655 57,805 75,855 23.1 19.0 27.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 165 155 10 17.8 33.0 2.2 3,239,500 2,950,915 288,585 16.8 29.3 3.1 105,470 96,690 8,780 18.3 31.8 3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 25 25 0 2.7 5.3 0.0 541,235 416,960 124,270 2.8 4.1 1.3 54,755 42,350 12,405 9.5 13.9 4.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 60 50 10 6.5 10.6 2.2 857,540 612,415 245,120 4.4 6.1 2.6 19,165 15,900 3,265 3.3 5.2 1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data194 925 470 450 100.0 100.0 100.0 19,310,340 10,056,275 9,254,070 100.0 100.0 100.0 577,505 303,920 273,590 100.0 100.0 100.0
Industry - not applicable190 20 10 10 2.2 2.1 2.2 486,865 237,950 248,915 2.5 2.4 2.7 14,000 7,290 6,715 2.4 2.4 2.5
All industries191 900 460 440 97.3 97.9 97.8 18,823,480 9,818,325 9,005,160 97.5 97.6 97.3 563,505 296,630 266,870 97.6 97.6 97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 10 10 0 1.1 2.1 0.0 434,800 295,160 139,640 2.3 2.9 1.5 48,750 34,620 14,130 8.4 11.4 5.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 20 20 0 2.2 4.3 0.0 239,030 195,605 43,425 1.2 1.9 0.5 18,555 16,035 2,515 3.2 5.3 0.9
22 Utilities 20 20 0 2.2 4.3 0.0 147,750 109,475 38,270 0.8 1.1 0.4 5,855 4,320 1,530 1.0 1.4 0.6
23 Construction 55 50 0 5.9 10.6 0.0 1,469,085 1,269,060 200,025 7.6 12.6 2.2 44,130 38,640 5,490 7.6 12.7 2.0
31-33 Manufacturing 65 50 15 7.0 10.6 3.3 1,540,490 1,095,160 445,330 8.0 10.9 4.8 26,200 20,290 5,910 4.5 6.7 2.2
41 Wholesale trade 35 30 0 3.8 6.4 0.0 610,295 406,960 203,335 3.2 4.0 2.2 19,815 14,675 5,135 3.4 4.8 1.9
44-45 Retail trade 125 60 65 13.5 12.8 14.4 2,149,640 1,027,160 1,122,480 11.1 10.2 12.1 61,480 30,005 31,475 10.6 9.9 11.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 20 15 0 2.2 3.2 0.0 981,030 742,515 238,515 5.1 7.4 2.6 24,225 19,320 4,910 4.2 6.4 1.8
51 Information and cultural industries 15 0 10 1.6 0.0 2.2 400,460 237,940 162,520 2.1 2.4 1.8 8,130 4,180 3,950 1.4 1.4 1.4
52 Finance and insurance 40 20 25 4.3 4.3 5.6 815,225 358,145 457,080 4.2 3.6 4.9 19,600 6,845 12,750 3.4 2.3 4.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 343,940 186,230 157,710 1.8 1.9 1.7 7,195 3,950 3,240 1.2 1.3 1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,571,160 877,780 693,380 8.1 8.7 7.5 26,670 13,725 12,945 4.6 4.5 4.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45,455 21,495 23,955 0.2 0.2 0.3 785 350 440 0.1 0.1 0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 50 25 15 5.4 5.3 3.3 792,600 457,880 334,725 4.1 4.6 3.6 17,545 10,140 7,405 3.0 3.3 2.7
61 Educational services 80 30 55 8.6 6.4 12.2 1,413,320 436,645 976,670 7.3 4.3 10.6 46,205 13,905 32,305 8.0 4.6 11.8
62 Health care and social assistance 190 55 130 20.5 11.7 28.9 2,446,370 470,340 1,976,030 12.7 4.7 21.4 80,465 14,190 66,270 13.9 4.7 24.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 350,710 180,205 170,500 1.8 1.8 1.8 10,150 5,090 5,060 1.8 1.7 1.8
72 Accommodation and food services 70 15 55 7.6 3.2 12.2 1,085,270 478,000 607,270 5.6 4.8 6.6 32,705 14,110 18,595 5.7 4.6 6.8
81 Other services (except public administration) 45 25 15 4.9 5.3 3.3 797,935 373,775 424,165 4.1 3.7 4.6 25,825 12,800 13,025 4.5 4.2 4.8
91 Public administration 60 35 25 6.5 7.4 5.6 1,188,915 598,780 590,135 6.2 6.0 6.4 39,210 19,420 19,795 6.8 6.4 7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data195 1,010 505 505 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,630,520 10,690,035 9,940,490 100.0 100.0 100.0 615,785 321,390 294,395 100.0 100.0 100.0
English 125 65 60 12.4 12.9 11.9 14,942,170 7,807,315 7,134,855 72.4 73.0 71.8 597,140 312,770 284,370 97.0 97.3 96.6
French 395 210 185 39.1 41.6 36.6 3,164,890 1,592,470 1,572,420 15.3 14.9 15.8 1,205 335 865 0.2 0.1 0.3
Non-official language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 169,205 89,515 79,685 0.8 0.8 0.8 2,200 1,100 1,100 0.4 0.3 0.4
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,935 3,590 3,345 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 130 125 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 162,265 85,925 76,345 0.8 0.8 0.8 1,950 975 975 0.3 0.3 0.3
English and French 480 225 260 47.5 44.6 51.5 1,682,510 859,635 822,870 8.2 8.0 8.3 3,715 1,425 2,290 0.6 0.4 0.8
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 570,220 291,000 279,220 2.8 2.7 2.8 11,275 5,640 5,640 1.8 1.8 1.9
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20,935 9,955 10,980 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 69,340 34,190 35,145 0.3 0.3 0.4 180 80 100 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,265 5,960 5,305 0.1 0.1 0.1 70 45 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data196 1,010 505 505 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,630,520 10,690,035 9,940,490 100.0 100.0 100.0 615,785 321,390 294,395 100.0 100.0 100.0
Single responses 845 415 430 83.7 82.2 85.1 20,176,640 10,458,830 9,717,810 97.8 97.8 97.8 613,080 320,105 292,980 99.6 99.6 99.5
Official languages 845 415 430 83.7 82.2 85.1 19,866,180 10,297,010 9,569,175 96.3 96.3 96.3 608,585 317,760 290,825 98.8 98.9 98.8
English 235 100 135 23.3 19.8 26.7 15,879,850 8,272,750 7,607,105 77.0 77.4 76.5 606,550 317,230 289,325 98.5 98.7 98.3
French 610 315 295 60.4 62.4 58.4 3,986,330 2,024,260 1,962,070 19.3 18.9 19.7 2,035 530 1,500 0.3 0.2 0.5
Non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 310,455 161,825 148,635 1.5 1.5 1.5 4,495 2,340 2,155 0.7 0.7 0.7
Indigenous languages39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19,435 9,725 9,710 0.1 0.1 0.1 1,140 595 550 0.2 0.2 0.2
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11,600 6,020 5,575 0.1 0.1 0.1 735 405 330 0.1 0.1 0.1
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 35 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,115 4,715 4,400 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 400 325 0.1 0.1 0.1
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,015 585 430 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,985 3,170 2,815 0.0 0.0 0.0 720 400 325 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 110 65 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 765 385 385 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 45 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 110 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 60 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140 80 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 50 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,695 2,500 2,205 0.0 0.0 0.0 520 275 245 0.1 0.1 0.1
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,955 875 1,075 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 80 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 835 435 400 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 825 430 395 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,585 830 755 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 875 490 385 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 695 340 355 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 25 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 610 295 320 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 895 410 480 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 175 200 0.1 0.1 0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 890 410 475 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 175 200 0.1 0.1 0.1
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 535 255 280 0.0 0.0 0.0 370 175 200 0.1 0.1 0.1
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 70 90 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 45 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 75 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,630 3,200 3,425 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,605 3,200 3,405 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 0 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 0 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oneida 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michif 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 125 50 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 0 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Squamish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Straits 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assiniboine 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dakota 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stoney 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 0 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haisla 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non-Indigenous languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 291,025 152,095 138,925 1.4 1.4 1.4 3,360 1,750 1,610 0.5 0.5 0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,265 5,300 3,955 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 35 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamazight 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chadic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coptic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 415 185 235 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bilen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oromo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Somali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 365 155 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,785 5,080 3,705 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Amharic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215 95 120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arabic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,190 4,250 2,940 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 460 325 130 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 240 90 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 70 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 585 240 340 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 165 160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,770 4,135 5,635 0.0 0.0 0.1 360 175 185 0.1 0.1 0.1
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 495 215 285 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,260 3,905 5,350 0.0 0.0 0.1 360 175 185 0.1 0.1 0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 15 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,760 2,180 2,580 0.0 0.0 0.0 220 90 130 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bikol 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cebuano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 45 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ilocano 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165 90 70 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indonesian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 170 90 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kankanaey 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malay 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,205 1,895 2,310 0.0 0.0 0.0 195 75 120 0.0 0.0 0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 30 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 185 210 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 375 170 205 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Morisyen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,010 1,410 1,605 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kannada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 250 140 110 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tamil 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,685 1,255 1,425 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Telugu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 15 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Georgian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 45 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112,395 64,055 48,335 0.5 0.6 0.5 1,000 550 450 0.2 0.2 0.2
Albanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 315 170 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Armenian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 530 295 235 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,085 4,390 5,695 0.0 0.0 0.1 95 60 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Baltic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 15 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Latvian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 10 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 10 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,995 4,375 5,620 0.0 0.0 0.1 95 60 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 145 55 90 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Czech 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 50 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 60 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Polish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,265 1,000 1,265 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Russian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,240 2,085 3,155 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 30 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 835 485 355 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 80 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Croatian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 155 95 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 555 310 245 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovak 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 10 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,265 620 650 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,250 8,060 6,190 0.1 0.1 0.1 225 145 85 0.0 0.0 0.0
Frisian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
High German languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,480 5,695 4,790 0.1 0.1 0.0 105 70 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,615 3,655 2,970 0.0 0.0 0.0 95 65 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,560 1,405 1,150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swiss German 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 255 115 135 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,050 520 530 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,540 2,245 1,290 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 70 45 0.0 0.0 0.0
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 20 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dutch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 965 515 440 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 560 420 140 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 55 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Low Saxon 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,940 1,275 670 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Scandinavian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 190 100 85 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Danish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Icelandic 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 20 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swedish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 45 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Greek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 875 445 430 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55,455 32,965 22,490 0.3 0.3 0.2 455 250 205 0.1 0.1 0.1
Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48,020 28,910 19,100 0.2 0.3 0.2 400 220 175 0.1 0.1 0.1
Bengali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 645 290 355 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,115 515 600 0.0 0.0 0.0 40 0 35 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hindi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,235 1,145 1,090 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 30 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kacchi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Marathi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nepali 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 275 125 145 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40,840 25,480 15,365 0.2 0.2 0.2 240 145 90 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 0 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 105 80 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Urdu 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,725 1,265 1,465 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,430 4,045 3,385 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175 145 35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pashto 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 130 70 60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,110 3,825 3,285 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 30 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dari 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 800 445 360 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian Persian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,715 2,980 2,735 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 595 400 195 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30,795 17,685 13,105 0.1 0.2 0.1 195 80 115 0.0 0.0 0.0
Catalan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,625 730 900 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Portuguese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,970 4,070 2,895 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Romanian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 680 375 310 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Spanish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21,455 12,465 8,990 0.1 0.1 0.1 175 80 95 0.0 0.0 0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 35 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Japanese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,560 1,225 2,340 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Korean 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,345 7,125 7,225 0.1 0.1 0.1 75 50 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 410 210 200 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Edo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ga 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ganda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Igbo 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lingala 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shona 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Swahili 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150 95 55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wolof 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65 20 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 10 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dinka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,010 795 1,210 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
American Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,590 620 970 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 20 25 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 285 110 180 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 65 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 128,375 64,180 64,190 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,565 820 740 0.3 0.3 0.3
Chinese languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 128,045 63,990 64,055 0.6 0.6 0.6 1,505 795 710 0.2 0.2 0.2
Hakka 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45 25 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76,040 37,760 38,280 0.4 0.4 0.4 1,125 580 545 0.2 0.2 0.2
Min Dong 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 20 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 210 270 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Yue (Cantonese) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50,950 25,725 25,225 0.2 0.2 0.3 345 190 150 0.1 0.1 0.1
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 460 240 220 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 295 175 125 0.0 0.0 0.0 55 25 30 0.0 0.0 0.0
Burmese 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 40 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 135 85 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120 80 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 25 20 0.0 0.0 0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 10 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 45 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 10 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 765 310 450 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lao 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80 30 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thai 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 670 275 395 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,345 695 650 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 15 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,270 660 615 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uyghur 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 20 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 10 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 485 215 270 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Estonian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70 15 50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Finnish 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90 25 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hungarian 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 330 170 160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 15 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple responses 165 90 75 16.3 17.8 14.9 453,880 231,205 222,675 2.2 2.2 2.2 2,710 1,290 1,420 0.4 0.4 0.5
English and French 165 90 75 16.3 17.8 14.9 321,975 163,305 158,675 1.6 1.5 1.6 390 150 250 0.1 0.0 0.1
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 115,955 60,210 55,745 0.6 0.6 0.6 2,290 1,140 1,155 0.4 0.4 0.4
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,280 2,795 3,485 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,405 3,795 3,605 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,265 1,100 1,165 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 0 15 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data197 1,010 505 505 100.0 100.0 100.0 20,630,520 10,690,035 9,940,490 100.0 100.0 100.0 615,785 321,390 294,395 100.0 100.0 100.0
None 680 365 320 67.3 72.3 63.4 18,696,980 9,704,050 8,992,935 90.6 90.8 90.5 603,050 315,370 287,680 97.9 98.1 97.7
English 210 100 110 20.8 19.8 21.8 902,625 474,755 427,875 4.4 4.4 4.3 2,935 1,355 1,580 0.5 0.4 0.5
French 110 35 75 10.9 6.9 14.9 589,755 288,955 300,800 2.9 2.7 3.0 2,530 1,090 1,440 0.4 0.3 0.5
Non-official language 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 331,375 168,035 163,335 1.6 1.6 1.6 6,265 3,050 3,215 1.0 0.9 1.1
Indigenous39 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,190 7,740 10,450 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,130 895 1,235 0.3 0.3 0.4
Non-Indigenous 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 313,185 160,295 152,885 1.5 1.5 1.5 4,140 2,155 1,980 0.7 0.7 0.7
English and French 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,940 1,445 1,495 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0
English and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33,125 15,680 17,445 0.2 0.1 0.2 120 45 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,615 11,475 11,135 0.1 0.1 0.1 130 65 65 0.0 0.0 0.0
English, French and non-official language(s) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 360 210 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Multiple non-official languages 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50,740 25,425 25,315 0.2 0.2 0.3 750 420 335 0.1 0.1 0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data198 815 400 405 100.0 100.0 100.0 17,321,700 9,056,680 8,265,020 100.0 100.0 100.0 528,900 277,280 251,620 100.0 100.0 100.0
Worked at home 85 25 55 10.4 6.3 13.6 4,214,860 2,000,150 2,214,705 24.3 22.1 26.8 97,525 49,585 47,940 18.4 17.9 19.1
Worked outside Canada 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 58,335 40,295 18,035 0.3 0.4 0.2 755 515 235 0.1 0.2 0.1
No fixed workplace address 110 90 25 13.5 22.5 6.2 2,201,745 1,660,325 541,415 12.7 18.3 6.6 71,095 54,970 16,125 13.4 19.8 6.4
Usual place of work 615 290 325 75.5 72.5 80.2 10,846,770 5,355,910 5,490,860 62.6 59.1 66.4 359,530 172,210 187,320 68.0 62.1 74.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data199 620 290 325 100.0 100.0 100.0 10,846,770 5,355,905 5,490,860 100.0 100.0 100.0 359,530 172,215 187,315 100.0 100.0 100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 65 50 15 10.5 17.2 4.6 6,397,120 2,970,205 3,426,915 59.0 55.5 62.4 245,520 112,700 132,815 68.3 65.4 70.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 490 205 290 79.0 70.7 89.2 2,343,640 1,185,830 1,157,810 21.6 22.1 21.1 78,380 39,945 38,430 21.8 23.2 20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 30 20 15 4.8 6.9 4.6 2,007,950 1,139,665 868,285 18.5 21.3 15.8 26,900 14,655 12,250 7.5 8.5 6.5
Commute to a different province or territory 25 15 10 4.0 5.2 3.1 98,060 60,210 37,850 0.9 1.1 0.7 8,735 4,920 3,815 2.4 2.9 2.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data200 730 375 350 100.0 100.0 100.0 13,048,510 7,016,230 6,032,275 100.0 100.0 100.0 430,625 227,180 203,440 100.0 100.0 100.0
Car, truck or van 705 355 345 96.6 94.7 98.6 10,950,750 6,060,925 4,889,825 83.9 86.4 81.1 389,035 208,585 180,445 90.3 91.8 88.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver 640 330 315 87.7 88.0 90.0 10,106,595 5,717,830 4,388,770 77.5 81.5 72.8 364,190 199,915 164,270 84.6 88.0 80.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 60 30 35 8.2 8.0 10.0 844,155 343,100 501,050 6.5 4.9 8.3 24,850 8,670 16,180 5.8 3.8 8.0
Public transit 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,000,510 422,270 578,235 7.7 6.0 9.6 7,935 3,030 4,905 1.8 1.3 2.4
Walked 10 0 0 1.4 0.0 0.0 672,815 296,610 376,205 5.2 4.2 6.2 22,105 9,315 12,795 5.1 4.1 6.3
Bicycle 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 138,615 92,195 46,415 1.1 1.3 0.8 3,045 1,980 1,070 0.7 0.9 0.5
Other method 15 15 0 2.1 4.0 0.0 285,820 144,225 141,595 2.2 2.1 2.3 8,505 4,280 4,225 2.0 1.9 2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data201 730 375 350 100.0 100.0 100.0 13,048,510 7,016,230 6,032,275 100.0 100.0 100.0 430,625 227,180 203,440 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 15 minutes 310 180 125 42.5 48.0 35.7 4,178,570 1,993,385 2,185,185 32.0 28.4 36.2 202,860 98,070 104,795 47.1 43.2 51.5
15 to 29 minutes 330 135 195 45.2 36.0 55.7 4,546,195 2,418,910 2,127,285 34.8 34.5 35.3 152,070 82,490 69,585 35.3 36.3 34.2
30 to 44 minutes 55 25 30 7.5 6.7 8.6 2,487,010 1,462,340 1,024,670 19.1 20.8 17.0 42,705 25,055 17,655 9.9 11.0 8.7
45 to 59 minutes 10 10 0 1.4 2.7 0.0 910,610 542,485 368,125 7.0 7.7 6.1 14,775 8,890 5,875 3.4 3.9 2.9
60 minutes and over 30 25 0 4.1 6.7 0.0 926,120 599,115 327,005 7.1 8.5 5.4 18,210 12,675 5,535 4.2 5.6 2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data202 730 375 350 100.0 100.0 100.0 13,048,510 7,016,230 6,032,275 100.0 100.0 100.0 430,625 227,180 203,440 100.0 100.0 100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 55 40 15 7.5 10.7 4.3 938,820 701,960 236,865 7.2 10.0 3.9 25,595 18,700 6,890 5.9 8.2 3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 105 80 20 14.4 21.3 5.7 2,274,845 1,465,860 808,985 17.4 20.9 13.4 74,470 47,500 26,975 17.3 20.9 13.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 285 140 150 39.0 37.3 42.9 3,435,740 1,776,900 1,658,845 26.3 25.3 27.5 132,035 70,585 61,450 30.7 31.1 30.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 165 60 100 22.6 16.0 28.6 2,711,355 1,189,065 1,522,290 20.8 16.9 25.2 94,680 40,390 54,285 22.0 17.8 26.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 45 10 35 6.2 2.7 10.0 1,661,340 740,915 920,430 12.7 10.6 15.3 46,065 19,245 26,815 10.7 8.5 13.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 85 55 30 11.6 14.7 8.6 2,026,405 1,141,540 884,865 15.5 16.3 14.7 57,780 30,760 27,015 13.4 13.5 13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data203 285 145 140 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,335,800 3,768,210 3,567,595 100.0 100.0 100.0 266,595 136,825 129,775 100.0 100.0 100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 255 135 120 89.5 93.1 85.7 897,205 456,120 441,085 12.2 12.1 12.4 15,535 7,860 7,680 5.8 5.7 5.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 30 15 10 10.5 10.3 7.1 6,438,595 3,312,090 3,126,505 87.8 87.9 87.6 251,060 128,965 122,095 94.2 94.3 94.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data204 205 110 95 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,372,330 2,761,965 2,610,365 100.0 100.0 100.0 192,900 99,195 93,705 100.0 100.0 100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 185 100 90 90.2 90.9 94.7 682,190 346,420 335,770 12.7 12.5 12.9 11,720 5,965 5,760 6.1 6.0 6.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 175 95 80 85.4 86.4 84.2 467,685 234,475 233,215 8.7 8.5 8.9 7,000 3,445 3,555 3.6 3.5 3.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 10 5 5 4.9 4.5 5.3 214,500 111,950 102,550 4.0 4.1 3.9 4,720 2,515 2,205 2.4 2.5 2.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 20 5 5 9.8 4.5 5.3 4,690,140 2,415,545 2,274,595 87.3 87.5 87.1 181,180 93,235 87,950 93.9 94.0 93.9

Symbol legend

Note: Gender

Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman).

Gender includes the following concepts:

  • gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually;
  • gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender.

A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time.

Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category "non-binary persons" are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the "＋" symbol.

"Men＋" includes men (and/or boys), as well as some non-binary persons.

"Women＋" includes women (and/or girls), as well as some non-binary persons.

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2021 and 2016 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

Private dwelling refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

A private dwelling occupied by usual residents refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 11, 2021.

Footnote 4

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Footnote 5

A census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a one-parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Footnote 6

There is no age restriction on children. Includes children living with a grandparent or grandparents without a parent present.

Footnote 7

Includes foster children.

Footnote 8

Multigenerational households represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the grandparent of a person in the household and the parent of another person in the same household. They also represent all households where there is at least one person who is both the child of a person in the household and the grandchild of another person in the same household. In previous censuses, multigenerational households were only created based on the former definition, not the latter. As a result, there may be small differences in counts for 2011 and 2016 in archived tables.

Footnote 9

Excludes multigenerational households.

Footnote 10

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 11

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 12

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 16

Part year or part time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or 48 weeks or less during 2020. For more information, see variable work activity in 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 17

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 18

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 19

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 20

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 22

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 23

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits;
  • workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 24

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

  • Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
  • retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
  • benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
  • child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
  • social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
  • Canada workers benefit (CWB);
  • Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
  • other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 25

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. The reference period for this variable is calendar year 2019. The variable is intended for comparison with its 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

Footnote 26

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 27

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 28

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 29

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 30

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Footnote 31

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
    • - income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 32

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

  • statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
  • statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
  • statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

  • employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
  • income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
  • income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
  • other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
  • income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

  • one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
  • capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
  • employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
  • voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Footnote 33

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Footnote 34

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Footnote 35

The Gini coefficient, or Gini index, is a measure of inequality that indicates how equally income is distributed for a given population. It measures how much an income distribution deviates from perfect equality. Values of the Gini coefficient can range from 0 to 1. A value of 0 indicates that income is equally divided among the population, with all units receiving exactly the same amount of income. At the opposite extreme, a Gini coefficient of 1 denotes a perfectly unequal distribution, where one unit has all of the income in the economy.

For the census, Gini coefficients are calculated for three types of adjusted household income—market income, total income and after tax income. Adjusted income is computed by dividing the household income by a factor equal to the square root of the household size (known as the equivalence scale). This adjustment for different household sizes takes into account economies of scale. It reflects the fact that the needs of a household increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

The P90/P10 ratio is a measure of inequality. It is the ratio of the 90th and the 10th percentile of the adjusted household after-tax income. The 90th percentile means 90% of the population has income that falls below this threshold. The 10th percentile means 10% of the population has income that falls below this threshold.

Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 37

First official language spoken refers to the first official language (English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 38

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned more than one language at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has more than one mother tongue only if they learned these languages at the same time, and still understands them. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. A child who has not yet learned to speak has more than one mother tongue only if these languages are spoken to them equally often so that the child learns these languages at the same time.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 39

Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

Footnote 40

All languages spoken at home refers to all languages that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 41

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as "spoken most often at home" if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which they feel most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where more than one language is spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If more than one language is spoken equally often to the child, then these languages are included here.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 42

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the language(s), if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language(s) they speak most often at home.

Comparisons to previous Census data is not recommended for the 'Other languages spoken regularly at home' variable.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 43

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

Knowledge of non-official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 44

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 45

This category includes persons who identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who report being Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada), and/or those who report having membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 46

This category includes persons who identify as only one Indigenous group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 47

This category includes persons who identify as any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

This category includes persons who do not identify as First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who report having Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 50

Tenure refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, 'dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band,' has been created for census purposes.

Footnote 51

Condominium status refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Footnote 52

Bedrooms refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Footnote 53

Rooms refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms in a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms in a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Footnote 54

Number of persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Footnote 55

Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

'Housing suitability' assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, 'persons per room,' considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Footnote 56

Period of construction refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.

This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodeling, additions or conversions.

For properties having multiple residential structures, this refers to the period in which the most recent structure was completed.

Footnote 57

Includes data up to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 58

Dwelling condition refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Footnote 59

Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.

Footnote 60

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Footnote 61

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2021, while household total income is reported for the year 2020. As well, for some households, the 2020 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Footnote 62

Acceptable housing refers to whether a household meets each of the three indicator thresholds established by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation for housing adequacy, suitability and affordability.

Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows:

  • Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs.
  • Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income.
  • Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives.

Acceptable housing identifies which thresholds the household falls below, if any. Housing that is adequate in condition, suitable in size and affordable is considered to be acceptable.

Households below and above the thresholds are based on the indicators for which individual households can be assessed. Farm and on-reserve households whose housing does not meet either or both of the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households below the thresholds. Farm and on-reserve households who live in housing that meets both the suitability and adequacy thresholds are counted in the total of households above the thresholds (even though it is not possible to assess housing affordability for these households). Farm households and on-reserve households cannot be assessed for housing affordability because the concept is not applicable.

Housing affordability is assessed for owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings.

Footnote 63

Core housing need refers to whether a private household's housing falls below at least one of the indicator thresholds for housing adequacy, affordability or suitability, and would have to spend 30% or more of its total before-tax income to pay the median rent of alternative local housing that is acceptable (attains all three housing indicator thresholds). Housing indicator thresholds are defined as follows: Adequate housing is reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs. Affordable housing has shelter costs equal to less than 30% of total before-tax household income. Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of resident households according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS), conceived by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and provincial and territorial representatives. Only private, non-farm, non-reserve and owner- or renter-households with incomes greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratios less than 100% are assessed for 'core housing need.' Non-family households with at least one maintainer aged 15 to 29 attending school are considered not to be in 'core housing need' regardless of their housing circumstances. Attending school is considered a transitional phase, and low incomes earned by student households are viewed as being a temporary condition.

Footnote 64

Presence of mortgage payments refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Footnote 65

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band, shelter costs include, where applicable, the monthly use or occupancy payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Footnote 66

Value (owner estimated) refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Footnote 67

Subsidized housing refers to whether a renter household lives in a dwelling that is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Footnote 68

'Indigenous ancestry' refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Indigenous peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and/or Inuit. Aboriginal peoples (referred to here as Indigenous peoples) of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, Section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. The term 'Aboriginal' has been replaced with the updated term of 'Indigenous' when referring to individuals who identify themselves as First Nations people, Métis and/or Inuit. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Indigenous variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 69

'Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 70

'Single Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 71

'Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 72

'Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 73

'Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 74

'Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Indigenous ancestry.

Footnote 75

'Non-Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Indigenous ancestry only.

Footnote 76

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 77

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 78

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 79

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 80

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 81

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 82

Includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

Footnote 83

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country with a usual place of residence in Canada and who have a work or study permit or who have claimed refugee status (asylum claimants). Family members living with work or study permit holders are also included, unless these family members are already Canadian citizens, landed immigrants or permanent residents.

Footnote 84

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 85

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who were admitted to Canada on or prior to May 11, 2021.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 86

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 87

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 88

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 89

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 90

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 91

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 92

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 93

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 94

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2016 and May 11, 2021.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2021 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country or area of interest if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 95

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 96

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 97

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 98

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 99

'Generation status' refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 100

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 101

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 102

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with all parents born in Canada.

Footnote 103

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on their application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2021 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 11, 2021.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 104

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 105

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.

Footnote 106

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on their application for permanent residence.

Footnote 107

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 108

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 109

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 110

'Pre-admission experience' refers to the category under which an immigrant was authorized to enter Canada for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

In the 2021 Census of Population, data on pre-admission experience are available for immigrants who were admitted to Canada between January 1, 1980, and May 11, 2021.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 111

This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. This category includes immigrants who had an asylum claim with a work and/or study permit before admission.

Footnote 112

This category includes immigrants who had a work permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A work permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to work on a temporary basis in Canada. Work permits set out conditions for the worker, such as the type of work and employer, location of work, and timeline of work.

Footnote 113

This category includes immigrants who had a study permit only before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident. A study permit is a document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada that authorizes a person to study at an educational institution in Canada for the duration of the program of study.

Footnote 114

This category includes immigrants who had both a work and a study permit before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 115

This category includes immigrants who had a permit other than a work permit, study permit, or asylum claim before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 116

This category includes immigrants who did not have a permit for temporary residence purposes before admission as a landed immigrant or permanent resident.

Footnote 117

'Visible minority' refers to whether a person is a visible minority or not, as defined by the Employment Equity Act. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Arab, Latin American, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.

For more information on visible minority and population group variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 118

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, the term "visible minority" has been replaced by the terms "racialized population" or "racialized groups", reflecting the increased use of these terms in the public sphere.

Footnote 119

The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes persons who provided responses that are classified as a visible minority, but that cannot be classified with a specific visible minority group. Such responses include, for example, "Guyanese," "Pacific Islander," "Polynesian," "Tibetan" and "West Indian."

Footnote 120

In 2021 Census analytical and communications products, this category is referred to as "the rest of the population."

Footnote 121

'Ethnic or cultural origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. Ancestors may have Indigenous origins, origins that refer to different countries or other origins that may not refer to different countries.

The sum of the ethnic or cultural origins in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic or cultural origin in the census.

The ethnic groups selected are the most frequently reported at the Canada level.

For more information on ethnic or cultural origin variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Ethnic or Cultural Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 122

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating French origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "French").

Footnote 123

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating British Isles origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "British," "United Kingdom").

Footnote 124

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caucasian (White) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caucasian").

Footnote 125

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating First Nations (North American Indian) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "First Nations," "North American Indian").

Footnote 126

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "European").

Footnote 127

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "African").

Footnote 128

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Arab origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Arab").

Footnote 129

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Asian").

Footnote 130

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Cree origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Cree").

Footnote 131

The abbreviation "n.i.e." means "not included elsewhere." This category includes responses indicating Christian origins, not included elsewhere (e.g., "Christian," "Baptist," "Catholic").

Footnote 132

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American Indigenous origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Aboriginal," "Indigenous").

Footnote 133

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating South Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "South Asian").

Footnote 134

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Mi'kmaq origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Mi'kmaq").

Footnote 135

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Northern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Northern European," "Scandinavian").

Footnote 136

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Latin American," "South American").

Footnote 137

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Black origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Black").

Footnote 138

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Inuit origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Inuit").

Footnote 139

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Eastern European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Eastern European").

Footnote 140

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating East or Southeast Asian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East Asian," "Southeast Asian").

Footnote 141

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central Asian," "Middle Eastern," "West Asian").

Footnote 142

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Caribbean origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Caribbean").

Footnote 143

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating West Indian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "West Indian").

Footnote 144

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Hispanic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Hispanic").

Footnote 145

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Western European origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Western European").

Footnote 146

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Czechoslovakian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Czechoslovakian").

Footnote 147

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Yugoslavian origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Yugoslavian").

Footnote 148

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Slavic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Slavic").

Footnote 149

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Innu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Innu," "Montagnais").

Footnote 150

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Celtic origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Celtic").

Footnote 151

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North American origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North American").

Footnote 152

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Dene origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Dene").

Footnote 153

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Blackfoot origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Blackfoot").

Footnote 154

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Iroquoian (Haudenosaunee) origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Iroquois," "Haudenosaunee").

Footnote 155

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating North African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "North African").

Footnote 156

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Southern or East African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "East African").

Footnote 157

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified.' This category includes responses indicating Anishinaabe origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Anishinaabe").

Footnote 158

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Bantu origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Bantu").

Footnote 159

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Akan origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Akan").

Footnote 160

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses indicating Central or West African origins, not otherwise specified (e.g., "Central African," "West African").

Footnote 161

'Religion' refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. This variable shows the aggregated responses to the religion question. For infants or children, religion refers to the specific religious group or denomination in which they are being raised, if any. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response. For more information on religion variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Religion Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 162

The abbreviation "n.o.s." means "not otherwise specified." This category includes responses of "Christian," not otherwise specified (e.g., "Christian," "Christianity").

Footnote 163

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 164

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 11, 2021, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 165

For information on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 166

This includes all persons with a high school diploma or equivalency certificate, regardless of whether they also completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 167

'High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational credential. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 168

'Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions. It also includes qualifications from vocational training programs in the province of Quebec such as the Diplôme d'études professionnelles (DEP)/Diploma of Vocational Studies (DVS).

Footnote 169

'Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificates of Apprenticeship, Certificates of Qualification and Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 170

College, CEGEP and other non-university certificates and diplomas obtained from programs that are typically completed in less than three months are not included in this category.

Footnote 171

'Earned doctorate' does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 172

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2021 - Alternative primary groupings,' with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada, 2021. For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 173

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' is made up of persons who have not completed any credentials above a high school diploma.

Footnote 174

Includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies,' '30.29 Maritime studies,' '30.45 History and language/literature,' '30.47 Linguistics and anthropology,' '30.51 Integrated philosophy, politics, and economics,' '30.52 Digital humanities and textual studies,' and '30.53 Thanatology.'

Footnote 175

Includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/globalization studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction,' '30.33 Sustainability studies,' '30.34 Anthrozoology,' '30.36 Cultural studies and comparative literature,' '30.40 Economics and foreign language/literature,' '30.44 Geography and environmental studies,' and '30.46 History and political science.'

Footnote 176

Includes '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology,' '30.32 Marine sciences,' '30.35 Climate science,' '30.38 Earth systems science,' '30.41 Environmental geosciences,' '30.42 Geoarchaeology,' '30.43 Geobiology,' and '30.50 Mathematics and atmospheric/oceanic science.'

Footnote 177

Includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science,' '30.30 Computational science,' '30.39 Economics and computer science,' '30.48 Linguistics and computer science,' '30.49 Mathematical economics,' '30.70 Data science' and '30.71 Data analytics.'

Footnote 178

Veterinary medicine, veterinary science, veterinary technology, and veterinary administrative support services, which were included in series '51. Health professions and related programs' in CIP 2016, are now included in series '01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields' in CIP 2021.

Footnote 179

Includes '30.00 Inclusive postsecondary education' and '30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 180

For information on classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2021013.

Footnote 181

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 182

The location of study is not compared with the location of residence for persons who studied outside Canada. The locations of study outside Canada that are listed here are those which were the most frequently reported at the Canada level.

Footnote 183

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 184

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 2 to Saturday, May 8, 2021.

For information on the comparability of the 2021 Census labour force status data with those of the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix 2.11 of the Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 185

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2020 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 186

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2020 and persons who worked in 2021, but not in 2020.

Footnote 187

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2020.

Footnote 188

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year either mostly full time or mostly part time in 2020. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 189

Class of worker including job permanency refers to whether a person is a paid employee or is self-employed. Employees' positions are further classified as either permanent or temporary.

Footnote 190

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2020.

Footnote 191

Includes persons aged 15 years and over in the labour force who have worked at some point in time between January 1, 2020 and May 8, 2021.

Footnote 192

Includes self-employed persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business and with or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 193

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the National Occupational Classification [NOC] 2021 Version 1.0.

Footnote 194

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The industry data are produced according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 3.0.

Footnote 195

"All languages used at work" refers to all languages that the person uses in their job on a regular basis.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 196

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as "used most often at work" if the languages are used equally often.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 197

"Other language(s) used regularly at work" refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages they use most often at work.

Comparisons to previous census data is not recommended for the ‘Other languages used regularly at work’ variable.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

Footnote 198

Place of work status refers to whether a person worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address, or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 199

Commuting destination refers to whether or not a person commutes to another municipality (i.e., census subdivision), another census division or another province or territory. Commuting refers to the travel of a person to their usual place of work.

Footnote 200

Main mode of commuting refers to the main mode of transportation a person uses to travel to their place of work.

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 201

Commuting duration refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel to their place of work.

Footnote 202

Time leaving for work refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves to go to their place of work.

Footnote 203

Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.

In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020.

More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.

Footnote 204

Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec, pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria, except citizenship.

In the 2021 Census, the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31, 2020. However, the total population for this profile is school-aged children born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive), representing children 5 to 17 years of age on December 31, 2020.

For residents of Quebec, instruction in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in an English-language school (including in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. For residents of Canada outside Quebec, it refers to children who have been instructed, for at least one year, in a regular French program in a French-language school (excluding in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada.

More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language, including definitions, concepts and classifications, the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021, and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.

Date modified: