Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Westmorland, Parish (P)More information: New Brunswick [Census subdivision] Remove						CanadaMore information: [Country] Remove						AlbertaMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	997	...	...	...	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	...	...	...	4,262,635	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	908	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...	4,067,175	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	570	...	...	...	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	...	...	...	1,772,670	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	419	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	...	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	173.27	...	...	...	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	...	...	...	634,658.27	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	995	515	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,262,635	2,127,935	2,134,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	150	80	70	15.1	15.5	14.6	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	16.3	16.9	15.6	809,640	415,870	393,770	19.0	19.5	18.4
0 to 4 years	35	15	20	3.5	2.9	4.2	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	5.0	5.2	4.8	250,250	128,560	121,690	5.9	6.0	5.7
5 to 9 years	40	25	20	4.0	4.9	4.2	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	5.6	5.8	5.3	278,810	142,850	135,955	6.5	6.7	6.4
10 to 14 years	75	45	35	7.5	8.7	7.3	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	5.7	6.0	5.5	280,585	144,460	136,120	6.6	6.8	6.4
15 to 64 years	585	305	280	58.8	59.2	58.3	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	64.8	65.4	64.2	2,823,770	1,416,910	1,406,865	66.2	66.6	65.9
15 to 19 years	40	25	15	4.0	4.9	3.1	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	5.4	5.7	5.2	249,765	128,745	121,015	5.9	6.1	5.7
20 to 24 years	45	25	25	4.5	4.9	5.2	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	6.0	6.2	5.7	248,740	128,595	120,150	5.8	6.0	5.6
25 to 29 years	30	10	20	3.0	1.9	4.2	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	6.5	6.7	6.4	275,465	138,510	136,955	6.5	6.5	6.4
30 to 34 years	40	25	15	4.0	4.9	3.1	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	6.8	6.9	6.7	323,260	160,175	163,085	7.6	7.5	7.6
35 to 39 years	55	30	30	5.5	5.8	6.3	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	6.8	6.8	6.8	338,945	168,390	170,560	8.0	7.9	8.0
40 to 44 years	65	25	35	6.5	4.9	7.3	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	6.5	6.5	6.5	307,665	153,715	153,955	7.2	7.2	7.2
45 to 49 years	60	35	20	6.0	6.8	4.2	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	6.2	6.2	6.3	277,770	139,705	138,065	6.5	6.6	6.5
50 to 54 years	60	35	30	6.0	6.8	6.3	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	6.4	6.4	6.4	262,770	131,650	131,120	6.2	6.2	6.1
55 to 59 years	90	50	45	9.0	9.7	9.4	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	7.2	7.1	7.2	274,150	135,825	138,325	6.4	6.4	6.5
60 to 64 years	95	55	40	9.5	10.7	8.3	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	7.0	6.9	7.0	265,240	131,600	133,640	6.2	6.2	6.3
65 years and over	260	130	130	26.1	25.2	27.1	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	19.0	17.7	20.2	629,220	295,155	334,070	14.8	13.9	15.6
65 to 69 years	100	40	60	10.1	7.8	12.5	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	6.0	5.8	6.1	217,270	106,975	110,295	5.1	5.0	5.2
70 to 74 years	70	35	40	7.0	6.8	8.3	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	5.0	4.8	5.2	163,890	79,150	84,735	3.8	3.7	4.0
75 to 79 years	45	30	15	4.5	5.8	3.1	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	3.4	3.2	3.6	105,520	49,860	55,660	2.5	2.3	2.6
80 to 84 years	25	15	10	2.5	2.9	2.1	840,545	370,905	469,645	2.3	2.0	2.5	70,160	31,510	38,650	1.6	1.5	1.8
85 years and over	20	10	10	2.0	1.9	2.1	861,395	319,540	541,860	2.3	1.8	2.9	72,375	27,660	44,720	1.7	1.3	2.1
85 to 89 years	15	5	10	1.5	1.0	2.1	525,445	212,735	312,705	1.4	1.2	1.7	44,670	18,540	26,130	1.0	0.9	1.2
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	0.5	1.0	1.0	258,035	87,300	170,735	0.7	0.5	0.9	21,430	7,545	13,890	0.5	0.4	0.7
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0.2	0.1	0.3	5,480	1,405	4,075	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	170	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.5	14.6	15.1	15.5	14.6	16.3	16.9	15.6	16.3	16.9	15.6	19.0	19.5	18.4	19.0	19.5	18.4
15 to 64 years	58.8	59.2	58.3	58.8	59.2	58.3	64.8	65.4	64.2	64.8	65.4	64.2	66.2	66.6	65.9	66.2	66.6	65.9
65 years and over	26.1	25.2	27.1	26.1	25.2	27.1	19.0	17.7	20.2	19.0	17.7	20.2	14.8	13.9	15.6	14.8	13.9	15.6
85 years and over	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.3	1.8	2.9	2.3	1.8	2.9	1.7	1.3	2.1	1.7	1.3	2.1
Average age of the population	46.7	47.0	46.5	46.7	47.0	46.5	41.9	41.0	42.8	41.9	41.0	42.8	39.0	38.4	39.7	39.0	38.4	39.7
Median age of the population	51.2	51.2	51.2	51.2	51.2	51.2	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8	38.4	37.6	38.8	38.4	37.6	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	420	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	390	...	...	92.9	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	52.6	...	...	994,565	...	...	60.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	746,560	...	...	5.0	...	...	98,740	...	...	6.0	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	980,110	...	...	6.5	...	...	127,735	...	...	7.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1.2	...	...	821,490	...	...	5.5	...	...	43,730	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	18.3	...	...	247,030	...	...	15.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	10.7	...	...	74,880	...	...	4.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	34,880	...	...	0.2	...	...	1,215	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	189,420	...	...	1.3	...	...	45,325	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	420	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	100	...	...	23.8	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...	424,055	...	...	26.0	...	...
2 persons	180	...	...	42.9	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	34.2	...	...	551,420	...	...	33.8	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	15.5	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	14.7	...	...	249,135	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	10.7	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	13.4	...	...	243,400	...	...	14.9	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	8.4	...	...	165,215	...	...	10.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	985	510	475	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	850	440	410	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,452,995	1,712,065	1,740,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	555	275	280	65.3	62.5	68.3	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	56.9	58.2	55.6	2,033,945	1,018,425	1,015,520	58.9	59.5	58.3
Married	455	225	225	53.5	51.1	54.9	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	44.3	45.3	43.3	1,703,285	852,950	850,335	49.3	49.8	48.8
Living common-law	100	50	55	11.8	11.4	13.4	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	12.6	12.9	12.3	330,655	165,475	165,180	9.6	9.7	9.5
Living common law - Never married	55	30	30	6.5	6.8	7.3	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	9.6	9.8	9.4	245,650	123,625	122,030	7.1	7.2	7.0
Living common law - Separated	15	10	5	1.8	2.3	1.2	123,830	65,045	58,785	0.4	0.4	0.4	12,835	6,745	6,090	0.4	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	3.5	3.4	3.7	721,715	365,760	355,950	2.3	2.4	2.2	65,955	32,580	33,375	1.9	1.9	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,165	36,860	50,300	0.3	0.2	0.3	6,210	2,520	3,690	0.2	0.1	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	295	160	130	34.7	36.4	31.7	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	43.1	41.8	44.4	1,419,050	693,640	725,410	41.1	40.5	41.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	185	105	80	21.8	23.9	19.5	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	29.1	32.2	26.2	969,780	535,715	434,065	28.1	31.3	24.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	20	10	2.4	4.5	2.4	741,135	319,045	422,090	2.4	2.1	2.7	83,350	36,440	46,910	2.4	2.1	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	45	25	20	5.3	5.7	4.9	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	6.2	5.0	7.3	214,460	87,950	126,505	6.2	5.1	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	35	15	25	4.1	3.4	6.1	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	5.4	2.4	8.2	151,455	33,530	117,925	4.4	2.0	6.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	315	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,164,655	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	61.9	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	51.7	...	...	565,900	...	...	48.6	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	15.9	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	20.9	...	...	240,980	...	...	20.7	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	14.3	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	19.0	...	...	238,600	...	...	20.5	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	4.8	...	...	855,960	...	...	8.3	...	...	119,170	...	...	10.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,164,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	270	...	...	85.7	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	83.6	...	...	987,465	...	...	84.8	...	...
Married couples	220	...	...	69.8	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	64.6	...	...	822,175	...	...	70.6	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	23.8	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	33.9	...	...	464,975	...	...	39.9	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	46.0	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	30.6	...	...	357,200	...	...	30.7	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	17.5	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	19.0	...	...	165,290	...	...	14.2	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	4.8	...	...	808,645	...	...	7.9	...	...	60,705	...	...	5.2	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	9.5	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	11.1	...	...	104,580	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...	14.3	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	16.4	...	...	177,190	...	...	15.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	7.9	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	12.7	...	...	135,065	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	6.3	...	...	383,670	...	...	3.7	...	...	42,125	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	985	510	475	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	835	420	415	84.8	82.4	87.4	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	81.1	81.5	80.8	3,456,645	1,720,145	1,736,505	82.7	82.4	83.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	540	265	275	54.8	52.0	57.9	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	47.2	47.8	46.6	1,974,930	986,995	987,935	47.3	47.3	47.3
Parents in one-parent families	40	15	25	4.1	2.9	5.3	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	4.6	2.1	7.1	177,185	42,120	135,060	4.2	2.0	6.5
Children⁶	245	135	115	24.9	26.5	24.2	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	29.3	31.5	27.1	1,304,525	691,020	613,500	31.2	33.1	29.4
In a two-parent family	175	85	85	17.8	16.7	17.9	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	22.1	23.6	20.6	1,022,235	538,215	484,020	24.5	25.8	23.2
In a one-parent family	75	45	30	7.6	8.8	6.3	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	7.2	7.9	6.5	282,290	152,810	129,485	6.8	7.3	6.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	155	95	60	15.7	18.6	12.6	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	18.9	18.5	19.2	721,070	368,045	353,030	17.3	17.6	16.9
Living alone	100	60	40	10.2	11.8	8.4	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	12.1	11.4	12.8	424,055	207,075	216,980	10.2	9.9	10.4
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	1.5	1.0	2.1	927,345	393,085	534,260	2.6	2.2	2.9	108,100	49,205	58,900	2.6	2.4	2.8
Living with non-relatives only	40	25	15	4.1	4.9	3.2	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	4.2	4.9	3.5	188,915	111,760	77,155	4.5	5.4	3.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	420	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	275	...	...	65.5	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	59.6	...	...	1,008,210	...	...	61.7	...	...
Couple-family households	245	...	...	58.3	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	50.9	...	...	876,085	...	...	53.6	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...	21.4	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	25.3	...	...	465,405	...	...	28.5	...	...
Without children	155	...	...	36.9	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	25.6	...	...	410,680	...	...	25.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	7.1	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	8.7	...	...	132,125	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	441,745	...	...	2.9	...	...	47,450	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	94,235	...	...	0.6	...	...	10,575	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	450,415	...	...	3.0	...	...	60,780	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	663,835	...	...	4.4	...	...	82,150	...	...	5.0	...	...
One-person households	100	...	...	23.8	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...	424,055	...	...	26.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	840	430	410	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	810	415	390	96.4	96.5	95.1	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5	3,213,495	1,597,075	1,616,420	95.2	95.3	95.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	37,600	32,800	35,200	37,600	32,800	41,200	46,400	36,800	41,200	46,400	36,800	44,800	53,200	38,400	44,800	53,200	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	810	415	390	96.4	96.5	95.1	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	96.4	96.4	96.5	3,215,290	1,598,045	1,617,250	95.3	95.4	95.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	34,000	31,000	31,600	34,000	31,000	36,800	40,800	33,600	36,800	40,800	33,600	40,400	46,800	35,200	40,400	46,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	360	340	82.1	83.7	82.9	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	85.9	87.5	84.2	2,899,265	1,472,130	1,427,140	85.9	87.8	84.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000	28,800	23,000	26,000	28,800	23,000	35,200	42,400	29,200	35,200	42,400	29,200	40,000	50,400	31,200	40,000	50,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	290	250	64.3	67.4	61.0	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	69.6	73.4	66.1	2,426,900	1,262,555	1,164,345	71.9	75.3	68.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	32,000	29,200	31,000	32,000	29,200	37,200	43,200	32,000	37,200	43,200	32,000	41,600	51,600	33,600	41,600	51,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	675	335	340	80.4	77.9	82.9	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	83.7	81.2	86.2	2,818,115	1,377,385	1,440,730	83.5	82.2	84.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,500	14,400	12,700	13,500	14,400	12,700	9,800	8,500	11,000	9,800	8,500	11,000	8,300	6,120	9,700	8,300	6,120	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	80	65	17.3	18.6	15.9	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	10.5	10.4	10.6	373,185	184,280	188,900	11.1	11.0	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,650	7,350	6,500	6,650	7,350	6,500	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,800	5,760	5,880	5,800	5,760	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185	90	90	22.0	20.9	22.0	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	27.6	27.9	27.4	978,925	473,610	505,320	29.0	28.3	29.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	7,250	6,240	7,000	7,250	6,240	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	840	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	815	410	405	97.0	96.5	97.6	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	96.4	96.3	96.5	3,212,650	1,596,250	1,616,400	95.2	95.2	95.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,700	48,800	32,400	40,700	48,800	32,400	54,450	62,650	46,560	54,450	62,650	46,560	60,850	72,700	49,160	60,850	72,700	49,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	815	410	405	97.0	96.5	97.6	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	96.4	96.4	96.5	3,214,490	1,597,255	1,617,235	95.2	95.3	95.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,700	42,200	28,900	35,700	42,200	28,900	44,920	50,320	39,680	44,920	50,320	39,680	50,200	58,400	42,120	50,200	58,400	42,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	705	365	340	83.9	85.9	81.9	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	85.9	87.6	84.2	2,900,200	1,472,350	1,427,850	85.9	87.9	84.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,400	25,100	34,000	42,400	25,100	50,240	59,500	41,000	50,240	59,500	41,000	57,300	70,100	44,040	57,300	70,100	44,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	560	295	255	66.7	69.4	61.4	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	69.6	73.4	66.0	2,426,940	1,262,995	1,163,950	71.9	75.4	68.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,600	28,600	35,600	41,600	28,600	50,280	58,050	42,000	50,280	58,050	42,000	56,350	67,800	43,920	56,350	67,800	43,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	675	335	340	80.4	78.8	81.9	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	83.7	81.2	86.2	2,817,280	1,376,575	1,440,710	83.5	82.1	84.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,560	13,950	13,250	13,560	13,950	13,250	11,170	10,180	12,060	11,170	10,180	12,060	10,440	9,300	11,520	10,440	9,300	11,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	140	75	70	16.7	17.6	16.9	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	10.5	10.4	10.6	371,975	183,715	188,265	11.0	11.0	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	9,600	8,800	9,200	9,600	8,800	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,090	6,720	7,450	7,090	6,720	7,450
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180	80	100	21.4	18.8	24.1	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	27.5	27.8	27.3	972,130	470,475	501,650	28.8	28.1	29.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,700	9,800	7,800	8,700	9,800	7,800	8,920	8,740	9,100	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,170	9,030	9,290	9,170	9,030	9,290
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	840	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	280	160	120	33.3	37.6	28.9	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	32.7	37.0	28.6	1,120,075	641,305	478,775	33.2	38.3	28.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	54,000	41,200	45,600	54,000	41,200	63,600	69,000	58,000	63,600	69,000	58,000	70,500	78,500	62,000	70,500	78,500	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,400	55,600	44,000	50,400	55,600	44,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	85,200	96,300	70,400	85,200	96,300	70,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	90	105	22.6	21.2	25.3	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	27.8	26.8	28.7	993,770	466,385	527,385	29.4	27.8	31.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,200	16,200	16,200	17,200	16,200	18,400	21,000	16,600	18,400	21,000	16,600	21,600	26,200	18,400	21,600	26,200	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	30,400	18,800	24,200	30,400	18,800	29,160	33,960	24,860	29,160	33,960	24,860	34,280	42,280	27,160	34,280	42,280	27,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.4	77.0	65.5	72.4	77.0	65.5	82.2	86.4	76.8	82.2	86.4	76.8	85.0	89.0	79.2	85.0	89.0	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.6	62.0	56.0	59.6	62.0	56.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	66.8	70.6	61.7	70.0	73.8	64.4	70.0	73.8	64.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.7	23.2	34.4	27.7	23.2	34.4	17.8	13.7	23.1	17.8	13.7	23.1	15.0	11.0	20.9	15.0	11.0	20.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.9	3.4	4.4	3.9	3.4	4.4	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	4.8	7.3	5.8	4.8	7.3	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.1	4.0	6.7	5.1	4.0	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.0	5.8	4.7	4.0	5.8	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.6	3.7	5.9	4.6	3.7	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	840	430	405	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	30	15	15	3.6	3.5	3.7	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	3.6	3.7	3.5	161,620	78,885	82,730	4.8	4.7	4.9
With total income	810	420	395	96.4	97.7	97.5	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5	3,213,490	1,597,075	1,616,415	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65	35	35	8.0	8.3	8.9	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	8.3	7.4	9.2	271,260	111,180	160,085	8.4	7.0	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	125	60	65	15.4	14.3	16.5	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	11.8	10.1	13.4	307,390	122,515	184,880	9.6	7.7	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	155	80	70	19.1	19.0	17.7	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	15.9	14.1	17.5	483,175	210,085	273,090	15.0	13.2	16.9
$30,000 to $39,999	130	60	70	16.0	14.3	17.7	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	12.7	11.5	13.9	384,115	161,270	222,840	12.0	10.1	13.8
$40,000 to $49,999	115	50	65	14.2	11.9	16.5	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	11.3	10.7	11.8	332,120	148,870	183,245	10.3	9.3	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	80	45	35	9.9	10.7	8.9	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	9.2	9.1	9.2	277,960	132,620	145,340	8.6	8.3	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	35	25	15	4.3	6.0	3.8	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	7.1	7.6	6.6	232,840	119,260	113,580	7.2	7.5	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	3.7	4.8	2.5	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	5.4	6.2	4.7	187,305	105,100	82,205	5.8	6.6	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	10	3.7	3.6	2.5	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	4.2	4.9	3.6	146,920	87,190	59,725	4.6	5.5	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1.9	2.4	1.3	965,950	553,435	412,510	3.3	3.9	2.8	124,520	73,960	50,560	3.9	4.6	3.1
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	3.1	4.8	1.3	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	10.8	14.5	7.3	465,885	325,025	140,860	14.5	20.4	8.7
$100,000 to $149,999	20	10	10	2.5	2.4	2.5	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	7.2	9.2	5.2	291,955	191,190	100,765	9.1	12.0	6.2
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	1.2	1.2	0.0	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	3.6	5.3	2.0	173,935	133,835	40,100	5.4	8.4	2.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	840	430	405	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	30	15	15	3.6	3.5	3.7	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	3.6	3.6	3.5	159,820	77,915	81,900	4.7	4.6	4.8
With after-tax income	810	420	395	96.4	97.7	97.5	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	96.4	96.4	96.5	3,215,295	1,598,045	1,617,245	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	35	40	8.6	8.3	10.1	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	8.8	7.7	9.8	282,760	115,430	167,325	8.8	7.2	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	125	60	65	15.4	14.3	16.5	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	12.3	10.6	14.0	320,525	128,425	192,100	10.0	8.0	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	170	90	85	21.0	21.4	21.5	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	18.1	16.2	19.9	545,450	237,370	308,080	17.0	14.9	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	175	85	95	21.6	20.2	24.1	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	15.2	14.2	16.1	449,440	194,945	254,500	14.0	12.2	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	120	65	60	14.8	15.5	15.2	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	13.0	12.8	13.1	388,170	182,160	206,010	12.1	11.4	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	25	6.8	7.1	6.3	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	9.7	10.3	9.1	314,650	160,140	154,510	9.8	10.0	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	10	4.3	7.1	2.5	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	6.9	7.8	6.1	240,015	135,075	104,940	7.5	8.5	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	20	3.1	2.4	5.1	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	4.9	5.7	4.1	178,580	106,080	72,495	5.6	6.6	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	1.9	2.4	0.0	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	3.5	4.1	2.9	138,170	82,415	55,755	4.3	5.2	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	1.2	1.2	0.0	643,700	402,325	241,380	2.2	2.8	1.6	92,045	59,450	32,595	2.9	3.7	2.0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	1.2	1.2	0.0	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	5.5	7.7	3.3	265,490	196,560	68,930	8.3	12.3	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	0.6	1.2	0.0	792,455	530,970	261,490	2.7	3.7	1.8	121,505	85,805	35,705	3.8	5.4	2.2
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	804,335	578,645	225,695	2.7	4.0	1.5	143,985	110,760	33,225	4.5	6.9	2.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	840	430	405	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	295	145	155	35.1	33.7	38.3	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	30.4	26.6	33.9	948,210	413,405	534,805	28.1	24.7	31.5
With employment income	540	285	255	64.3	66.3	63.0	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	69.6	73.4	66.1	2,426,900	1,262,555	1,164,345	71.9	75.3	68.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	50	45	16.7	17.5	17.6	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	14.0	13.3	14.7	305,715	142,525	163,185	12.6	11.3	14.0
$5,000 to $9,999	40	20	20	7.4	7.0	7.8	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	8.2	7.0	9.5	186,575	78,780	107,795	7.7	6.2	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	80	45	40	14.8	15.8	15.7	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	11.8	10.3	13.4	270,795	116,950	153,845	11.2	9.3	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	55	30	30	10.2	10.5	11.8	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	9.3	8.3	10.4	212,530	93,955	118,575	8.8	7.4	10.2
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	40	12.0	10.5	15.7	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	9.0	8.3	9.8	202,095	92,015	110,080	8.3	7.3	9.5
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	35	10.2	8.8	13.7	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	8.8	8.3	9.4	193,315	92,690	100,625	8.0	7.3	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	15	9.3	12.3	5.9	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	7.8	7.7	7.8	181,745	89,815	91,930	7.5	7.1	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	2.8	3.5	2.0	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	6.5	6.9	6.0	161,830	85,450	76,375	6.7	6.8	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	5.6	7.0	3.9	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	5.2	5.8	4.5	133,940	78,540	55,400	5.5	6.2	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	3.7	3.5	5.9	929,490	539,395	390,095	4.4	4.9	3.8	110,580	67,335	43,240	4.6	5.3	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	2.0	760,035	439,505	320,530	3.6	4.0	3.1	101,430	59,855	41,575	4.2	4.7	3.6
$100,000 and over	20	20	5	3.7	7.0	2.0	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	11.4	15.1	7.5	366,350	264,635	101,720	15.1	21.0	8.7
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	0	2.8	3.5	0.0	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	5.3	6.5	4.1	158,925	103,055	55,870	6.5	8.2	4.8
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	1.9	1.8	0.0	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	6.1	8.6	3.4	207,430	161,580	45,850	8.5	12.8	3.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	840	430	410	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,110	1,675,960	1,699,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	790	405	385	94.0	94.2	93.9	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	94.3	94.0	94.5	3,147,180	1,561,420	1,585,760	93.2	93.2	93.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,400	31,200	33,600	36,400	31,200	39,200	45,200	34,000	39,200	45,200	34,000	44,400	54,800	36,400	44,400	54,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	790	405	385	94.0	94.2	93.9	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	94.3	94.1	94.6	3,148,375	1,561,645	1,586,735	93.3	93.2	93.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	32,000	28,000	30,400	32,000	28,000	35,200	40,000	31,200	35,200	40,000	31,200	39,600	47,600	33,600	39,600	47,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	685	350	335	81.5	81.4	81.7	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	84.7	86.3	83.2	2,869,935	1,456,690	1,413,250	85.0	86.9	83.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	31,600	28,600	30,400	31,600	28,600	36,800	44,000	30,800	36,800	44,000	30,800	43,200	54,000	34,400	43,200	54,000	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	540	285	260	64.3	66.3	63.4	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	70.0	73.6	66.6	2,438,175	1,267,255	1,170,925	72.2	75.6	68.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	32,400	31,600	31,800	32,400	31,600	38,000	44,400	32,800	38,000	44,400	32,800	44,400	55,200	36,000	44,400	55,200	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	610	290	325	72.6	67.4	79.3	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	76.5	73.2	79.6	2,675,790	1,312,270	1,363,520	79.3	78.3	80.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	12,900	9,400	10,900	12,900	9,400	4,240	1,960	6,450	4,240	1,960	6,450	1,620	1,010	4,080	1,620	1,010	4,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	120	60	55	14.3	14.0	13.4	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	8.0	8.0	8.1	245,140	118,390	126,750	7.3	7.1	7.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,300	10,100	7,200	9,300	10,100	7,200	5,720	5,560	5,960	5,720	5,560	5,960	6,240	5,640	7,050	6,240	5,640	7,050
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	840	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	800	405	395	95.2	95.3	95.2	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	94.3	94.0	94.5	3,146,890	1,560,995	1,585,890	93.2	93.1	93.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	47,000	31,800	39,400	47,000	31,800	52,350	61,250	43,800	52,350	61,250	43,800	60,750	74,200	47,560	60,750	74,200	47,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	800	405	395	95.2	95.3	95.2	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	94.3	94.1	94.6	3,147,975	1,561,230	1,586,750	93.3	93.2	93.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,300	40,000	28,600	34,300	40,000	28,600	42,920	49,000	37,160	42,920	49,000	37,160	49,720	59,050	40,520	49,720	59,050	40,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	715	365	350	85.1	85.9	84.3	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	84.7	86.3	83.2	2,871,550	1,456,805	1,414,740	85.1	86.9	83.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,600	42,000	26,800	34,600	42,000	26,800	51,040	60,800	41,320	51,040	60,800	41,320	60,350	74,400	45,840	60,350	74,400	45,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	575	310	265	68.5	72.9	63.9	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	70.0	73.6	66.6	2,438,445	1,267,615	1,170,835	72.2	75.6	68.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,800	41,200	29,800	35,800	41,200	29,800	50,560	58,800	41,800	50,560	58,800	41,800	59,450	72,000	45,800	59,450	72,000	45,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	640	295	345	76.2	69.4	83.1	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	76.5	73.1	79.6	2,676,295	1,312,765	1,363,530	79.3	78.3	80.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,640	11,700	9,760	10,640	11,700	9,760	7,950	6,990	8,800	7,950	6,990	8,800	6,720	5,635	7,770	6,720	5,635	7,770
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	115	40	75	13.7	9.4	18.1	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	8.0	7.9	8.1	244,330	117,410	126,920	7.2	7.0	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	11,200	7,000	8,600	11,200	7,000	7,560	6,880	8,210	7,560	6,880	8,210	7,990	7,020	8,900	7,990	7,020	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	840	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	280	160	120	33.3	37.6	28.9	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	32.4	36.6	28.3	1,111,760	636,785	474,975	32.9	38.0	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	40,800	51,600	37,200	40,800	51,600	37,200	60,000	66,000	53,600	60,000	66,000	53,600	68,500	77,500	58,800	68,500	77,500	58,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	48,800	54,000	42,000	48,800	54,000	42,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	73,200	81,900	62,250	83,800	95,700	67,800	83,800	95,700	67,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	90	105	22.6	21.2	25.3	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	26.2	25.3	27.0	941,295	443,225	498,070	27.9	26.4	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	23,400	18,000	18,000	23,400	18,000	24,200	28,000	21,800	24,200	28,000	21,800	30,000	37,200	25,400	30,000	37,200	25,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	30,800	22,000	26,200	30,800	22,000	35,200	41,280	29,720	35,200	41,280	29,720	43,280	54,050	33,720	43,280	54,050	33,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	82.0	73.5	78.4	82.0	73.5	87.6	91.2	83.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	90.6	93.6	86.0	90.6	93.6	86.0
Employment income (%)	65.0	67.0	63.0	65.0	67.0	63.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	71.8	75.0	67.2	75.8	78.8	71.0	75.8	78.8	71.0
Government transfers (%)	21.6	18.4	26.4	21.6	18.4	26.4	12.3	8.9	16.9	12.3	8.9	16.9	9.4	6.4	14.0	9.4	6.4	14.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.1	2.4	4.0	3.1	2.4	4.0	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.0	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	420	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...	...	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	...	...	...	424,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...	48,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,200	...	...	29,200	...	...	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	320	...	...	...	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	...	...	...	1,209,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	415	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,400	...	...	80,400	...	...	106,300	...	...	106,300	...	...	119,700	...	...	119,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...	87,700	...	...	87,700	...	...	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	...	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	...	...	...	424,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...	53,350	...	...	53,350	...	...	62,050	...	...	62,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...	44,360	...	...	44,360	...	...	51,400	...	...	51,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	...	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	...	...	...	1,209,100	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	128,200	...	...	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	105,700	...	...	105,700	...	...	115,500	...	...	115,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	420	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	1.2	...	...	165,175	...	...	1.1	...	...	16,810	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	91,750	...	...	0.6	...	...	8,310	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1.2	...	...	178,475	...	...	1.2	...	...	12,525	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	274,140	...	...	1.8	...	...	17,725	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	637,695	...	...	4.3	...	...	49,050	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	505,875	...	...	3.4	...	...	52,025	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	488,735	...	...	3.3	...	...	41,490	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	560,950	...	...	3.7	...	...	48,190	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	572,650	...	...	3.8	...	...	52,710	...	...	3.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	559,155	...	...	3.7	...	...	51,200	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	8.3	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	7.3	...	...	104,130	...	...	6.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	11.9	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	7.0	...	...	106,340	...	...	6.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	8.3	...	...	986,460	...	...	6.6	...	...	104,230	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	921,205	...	...	6.2	...	...	98,820	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	7.1	...	...	844,835	...	...	5.6	...	...	93,990	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	25.0	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	40.4	...	...	775,675	...	...	47.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	11.9	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	11.7	...	...	204,960	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	8.6	...	...	156,945	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	10.3	...	...	200,675	...	...	12.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	9.8	...	...	213,100	...	...	13.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	420	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	1.2	...	...	186,735	...	...	1.2	...	...	18,920	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	95,195	...	...	0.6	...	...	8,620	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1.2	...	...	183,430	...	...	1.2	...	...	12,950	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	289,545	...	...	1.9	...	...	18,925	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	681,900	...	...	4.6	...	...	52,455	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	589,110	...	...	3.9	...	...	58,000	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	582,275	...	...	3.9	...	...	48,620	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	666,675	...	...	4.5	...	...	56,195	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	676,995	...	...	4.5	...	...	62,115	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	655,100	...	...	4.4	...	...	60,880	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	10.7	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	8.6	...	...	126,900	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	10.7	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	8.2	...	...	127,780	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	10.7	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	7.6	...	...	122,795	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	7.1	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	6.9	...	...	117,335	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	911,515	...	...	6.1	...	...	106,445	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	15.5	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	31.9	...	...	634,290	...	...	38.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	8.3	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	11.7	...	...	214,810	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	7.7	...	...	149,640	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	12.4	...	...	269,845	...	...	16.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	305	...	...	...	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	...	...	...	1,150,150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	...	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	...	...	...	423,245	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	...	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	...	...	...	527,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	...	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	...	...	...	162,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	140	90	55	...	...	...	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	...	...	...	612,970	318,840	294,130	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	30,800	34,400	33,600	30,800	34,400	38,400	40,000	36,800	38,400	40,000	36,800	43,600	46,400	40,800	43,600	46,400	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,400	31,000	29,400	29,400	31,000	34,800	36,000	33,600	34,800	36,000	33,600	39,200	41,200	37,200	39,200	41,200	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	305	...	...	...	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	...	...	...	1,149,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...	115,100	...	...	115,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	...	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	...	...	...	423,255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...	128,400	...	...	128,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	...	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	...	...	...	528,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	160,600	...	...	167,000	...	...	167,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...	136,200	...	...	136,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	...	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	...	...	...	161,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...	85,100	...	...	85,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	71,800	...	...	71,800	...	...	74,800	...	...	74,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	120	75	45	...	...	...	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	...	...	...	612,950	318,115	294,835	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,500	42,000	30,000	36,500	42,000	30,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	49,440	52,050	46,880	56,550	60,100	52,750	56,550	60,100	52,750
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	36,000	26,000	32,000	36,000	26,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	41,560	43,080	40,120	47,360	49,600	44,960	47,360	49,600	44,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	985	510	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	175	95	85	17.8	18.6	17.7	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	19.8	20.6	19.0	953,865	490,345	463,520	22.8	23.5	22.2
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	4.1	2.9	5.2	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	6.1	6.4	5.9	302,980	155,160	147,820	7.3	7.4	7.1
18 to 64 years	545	290	265	55.3	56.9	55.2	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	62.1	62.2	61.9	2,638,940	1,317,995	1,320,945	63.2	63.1	63.2
65 years and over	260	130	130	26.4	25.5	27.1	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	18.1	17.2	19.1	584,915	279,845	305,065	14.0	13.4	14.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	135	70	70	...	...	...	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	...	...	...	382,820	182,970	199,855	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	...	...	...	854,565	439,490	415,075	...	...	...	107,130	54,765	52,370	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	...	...	...	282,315	144,250	138,065	...	...	...	36,250	18,465	17,790	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	55	25	25	...	...	...	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	...	...	...	213,795	103,030	110,765	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	25	30	...	...	...	985,745	391,695	594,050	...	...	...	61,890	25,180	36,720	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.8	14.4	13.6	12.8	14.4	11.1	10.5	11.6	11.1	10.5	11.6	9.2	8.8	9.6	9.2	8.8	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	10.0	12.0	11.0	10.0	12.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.2	11.2	11.3	11.2	11.2	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	x	x	16.0	x	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.0	11.9	12.0	12.0	11.9	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	10.0	11.0	10.4	10.0	11.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	9.7	9.4	9.9	8.1	7.8	8.4	8.1	7.8	8.4
65 years and over (%)	22.0	20.0	24.0	22.0	20.0	24.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	15.0	12.7	16.9	10.6	9.0	12.0	10.6	9.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	985	510	475	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,132,995	2,065,555	2,067,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	180	90	85	18.3	17.6	17.9	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	19.7	20.5	18.9	936,965	481,700	455,265	22.7	23.3	22.0
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	4.1	2.9	5.3	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	6.1	6.3	5.8	298,005	152,625	145,380	7.2	7.4	7.0
18 to 64 years	545	285	260	55.3	55.9	54.7	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	62.1	62.3	62.0	2,614,300	1,305,610	1,308,690	63.3	63.2	63.3
65 years and over	260	130	130	26.4	25.5	27.4	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	18.2	17.3	19.2	581,730	278,250	303,475	14.1	13.5	14.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	20	15	...	...	...	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	...	...	...	187,885	96,630	91,255	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	...	...	...	319,545	164,490	155,060	...	...	...	43,110	21,925	21,180	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...	99,435	50,875	48,560	...	...	...	13,945	7,045	6,900	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	25	15	10	...	...	...	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	...	...	...	130,620	68,100	62,525	...	...	...
65 years and over	5	0	0	...	...	...	199,155	83,010	116,145	...	...	...	14,155	6,605	7,550	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	4.0	3.2	3.6	4.0	3.2	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	4.6	4.7	4.4	4.6	4.7	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	6.0	4.0	4.8	6.0	4.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.0	6.4	5.7	5.0	5.2	4.8	5.0	5.2	4.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.1	2.7	3.3	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	985	510	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,185	2,089,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	710	360	350	72.1	70.6	72.9	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	50.0	48.9	51.1	1,894,410	924,245	970,165	45.3	44.3	46.4
In bottom decile	120	60	60	12.2	11.8	12.5	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	10.0	9.8	10.2	345,410	172,330	173,080	8.3	8.3	8.3
In second decile	135	75	60	13.7	14.7	12.5	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	10.0	9.5	10.5	385,215	179,975	205,240	9.2	8.6	9.8
In third decile	190	95	95	19.3	18.6	19.8	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	10.0	9.8	10.2	380,170	184,770	195,400	9.1	8.8	9.4
In fourth decile	160	80	80	16.2	15.7	16.7	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	10.0	9.9	10.1	386,560	190,330	196,235	9.3	9.1	9.4
In fifth decile	105	50	60	10.7	9.8	12.5	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	10.0	10.0	10.0	397,055	196,830	200,215	9.5	9.4	9.6
In top half of the distribution	275	150	125	27.9	29.4	26.0	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	50.0	51.1	48.9	2,283,310	1,163,940	1,119,365	54.7	55.7	53.6
In sixth decile	80	45	30	8.1	8.8	6.3	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	10.0	10.1	9.9	406,615	204,040	202,575	9.7	9.8	9.7
In seventh decile	75	45	35	7.6	8.8	7.3	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	10.0	10.1	9.9	420,810	212,460	208,350	10.1	10.2	10.0
In eighth decile	55	25	30	5.6	4.9	6.3	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	10.0	10.2	9.8	440,225	223,690	216,535	10.5	10.7	10.4
In ninth decile	50	25	20	5.1	4.9	4.2	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	10.0	10.3	9.7	470,850	240,765	230,085	11.3	11.5	11.0
In top decile	20	10	10	2.0	2.0	2.1	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	10.0	10.4	9.6	544,810	282,985	261,825	13.0	13.6	12.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	985	...	...	985	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	4,177,720	...	...	4,177,720	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.281	...	...	0.281	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.350	...	...	0.350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.451	...	...	0.451	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.450	...	...	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.249	...	...	0.249	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	855	455	400	85.5	87.5	83.3	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	69.0	69.9	68.1	3,894,690	1,960,785	1,933,905	92.3	93.0	91.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	11.2	10.6	11.7	3,105	1,330	1,780	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	135	65	75	13.5	12.5	15.6	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	18.0	18.0	18.0	258,330	119,725	138,605	6.1	5.7	6.6
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0	689,725	284,170	405,555	1.9	1.6	2.2	65,705	26,945	38,760	1.6	1.3	1.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	960	495	465	96.0	95.2	96.9	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	75.5	75.8	75.2	4,078,135	2,042,220	2,035,915	96.6	96.8	96.3
French	40	20	15	4.0	3.8	3.1	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	21.4	21.3	21.4	64,440	32,960	31,485	1.5	1.6	1.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	476,175	237,635	238,535	1.3	1.3	1.3	15,525	7,680	7,840	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0	673,100	275,685	397,420	1.8	1.5	2.1	63,735	25,925	37,810	1.5	1.2	1.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	990	510	475	99.0	98.1	99.0	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	96.0	96.0	95.9	4,055,375	2,028,210	2,027,165	96.1	96.2	95.9
Official languages	950	490	465	95.0	94.2	96.9	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	74.5	75.2	73.9	3,148,690	1,591,780	1,556,910	74.6	75.5	73.7
English	915	470	450	91.5	90.4	93.8	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	54.9	55.6	54.3	3,083,840	1,558,570	1,525,265	73.0	73.9	72.2
French	40	25	15	4.0	4.8	3.1	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	19.6	19.6	19.6	64,855	33,210	31,645	1.5	1.6	1.5
Non-official languages	35	25	15	3.5	4.8	3.1	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	21.4	20.8	22.0	906,680	436,430	470,250	21.5	20.7	22.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0.4	0.4	0.4	17,200	8,165	9,035	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0.3	0.3	0.3	15,155	7,265	7,890	0.4	0.3	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,470	1,160	1,315	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,290	5,920	6,370	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,290	5,920	6,365	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	300	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,590	705	890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,305	650	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,255	4,495	4,760	0.2	0.2	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	310	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1	385	180	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	400	460	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	170	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	235	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	850	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	610	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	605	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	495	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	70	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	755	755	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	120	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	440	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	725	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	5	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	40	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0.1	0.1	0.1	145	40	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	220	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	140	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	85	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	115	35	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	150	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	220	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	520	575	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	125	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	485	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	205	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	245	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	175	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	515	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	300	290	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	155	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	180	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	95	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	25	15	3.5	4.8	3.1	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	21.0	20.4	21.6	889,485	428,270	461,215	21.1	20.3	21.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	698,355	359,625	338,730	1.9	2.0	1.8	82,270	42,330	39,935	1.9	2.0	1.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	335	185	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0.1	0.1	0.1	220	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,340	1,365	975	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	60	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	225	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	1,085	905	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	740	570	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	675	340	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	510	505	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,995	7,485	7,515	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,020	1,085	935	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	345	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,485	1,780	1,705	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,750	5,280	5,470	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	400	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	70	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	618,450	320,045	298,405	1.7	1.8	1.6	66,720	34,555	32,165	1.6	1.6	1.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,685	12,090	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,165	3,925	4,245	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	508,410	265,350	243,060	1.4	1.5	1.3	46,425	24,385	22,045	1.1	1.2	1.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0.1	0.1	0.1	835	405	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	225	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	125	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,600	805	795	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	550	675	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0.1	0.1	0.0	885	455	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,065	5,210	4,855	0.2	0.2	0.2
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	235	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	192,985	87,230	105,750	0.5	0.5	0.6	25,655	11,520	14,135	0.6	0.5	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,775	800	975	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	173,000	78,180	94,820	0.5	0.4	0.5	23,705	10,615	13,090	0.6	0.5	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	225	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	100	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565,375	238,875	326,500	1.5	1.3	1.8	131,755	58,110	73,640	3.1	2.8	3.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,115	940	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	235	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,215	3,425	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	985	1,285	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,210	2,300	2,910	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	325	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,370	1,005	1,370	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,440	3,325	4,110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	510	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	465	640	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	155	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	990	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,245	580	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	415	425	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	570	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	620	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,050	900	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	235	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	461,150	194,805	266,345	1.3	1.1	1.4	108,395	47,810	60,590	2.6	2.3	2.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	690	935	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	195	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	475	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,745	875	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0.1	0.1	0.2	455	230	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	315	290	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	130	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	280	300	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	215	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	244,165	125,180	118,990	0.7	0.7	0.6	17,170	8,845	8,330	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	295	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,050	29,375	24,670	0.1	0.2	0.1	8,785	4,450	4,330	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,850	75,010	77,845	0.4	0.4	0.4	4,950	2,610	2,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,715	1,425	1,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	310	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	170	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	265	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	20	10	3.0	3.8	2.1	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	11.3	11.2	11.4	454,815	224,310	230,505	10.8	10.6	10.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,345	1,250	1,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1	490	240	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	648,810	297,100	351,710	1.8	1.6	1.9	70,185	32,420	37,760	1.7	1.5	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0.0	0.0	0.0	885	405	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	165	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	240	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	638,250	292,670	345,580	1.7	1.6	1.9	69,305	32,020	37,285	1.6	1.5	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	325	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,300	640	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,700	1,265	1,435	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	185	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160,170	72,120	88,050	0.4	0.4	0.5	17,540	8,130	9,410	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	197,905	89,100	108,800	0.5	0.5	0.6	17,735	7,850	9,890	0.4	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	240	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,735	56,900	59,835	0.3	0.3	0.3	10,350	5,085	5,270	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,860	905	960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,260	2,105	2,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,040	1,975	2,065	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,995	945	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,865	910	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	245	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,705	38,005	46,695	0.2	0.2	0.3	16,750	7,630	9,125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	235	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	165	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	355	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	410	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	135	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	1.5	1.0	2.1	463,400	221,365	242,035	1.3	1.2	1.3	93,145	45,830	47,320	2.2	2.2	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	800	775	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	145	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	1.5	1.0	2.1	301,570	142,580	158,990	0.8	0.8	0.9	60,990	29,660	31,325	1.4	1.4	1.5
German	15	5	10	1.5	1.0	2.1	272,865	128,250	144,615	0.7	0.7	0.8	59,835	29,055	30,775	1.4	1.4	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,045	550	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,655	67,815	70,840	0.4	0.4	0.4	28,670	14,425	14,245	0.7	0.7	0.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,150	1,555	1,595	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,315	39,000	41,310	0.2	0.2	0.2	13,140	6,605	6,535	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,060	1,545	1,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	650	625	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	145	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,815	4,455	4,355	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	120	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,275	9,500	10,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,155	1,540	1,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,945	4,750	5,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	945	910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	430	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	245	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	310	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	670	660	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	50	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,335	45,860	47,470	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,820	1,430	1,385	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.5	1.0	0.0	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	4.5	4.7	4.4	197,415	100,095	97,320	4.7	4.7	4.6
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.5	1.0	0.0	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	3.7	3.9	3.6	176,130	89,315	86,820	4.2	4.2	4.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,580	45,160	42,425	0.2	0.3	0.2	7,735	3,900	3,835	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,985	73,335	65,655	0.4	0.4	0.4	15,330	7,920	7,415	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,825	79,585	73,240	0.4	0.4	0.4	18,815	9,525	9,285	0.4	0.5	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	720	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	395	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	170	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,910	970	935	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,900	3,035	2,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,775	940	835	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	100	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,125	615	510	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	325	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	666,585	341,515	325,065	1.8	1.9	1.8	91,070	46,205	44,870	2.2	2.2	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	345	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,700	1,380	1,325	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235,290	118,540	116,755	0.6	0.7	0.6	28,635	14,425	14,210	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	495	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300,555	150,160	150,390	0.8	0.8	0.8	21,225	10,750	10,470	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	305	250	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	1,035	975	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,520	10,170	9,355	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,960	1,505	1,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	262,625	130,180	132,440	0.7	0.7	0.7	16,065	8,115	7,955	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,005	2,490	2,515	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	179,425	89,070	90,360	0.5	0.5	0.5	9,030	4,585	4,445	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,035	1,040	995	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	425	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	165	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	3.3	3.2	3.3	88,045	42,845	45,205	2.1	2.0	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	470	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	319,505	154,295	165,205	0.9	0.9	0.9	9,505	4,745	4,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240,680	115,235	125,450	0.7	0.6	0.7	9,910	4,750	5,165	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,160	44,185	48,975	0.3	0.2	0.3	7,425	3,635	3,790	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0	538,870	259,500	279,375	1.5	1.4	1.5	61,090	29,655	31,435	1.4	1.4	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	610	550	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	195	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0.1	0.1	0.2	4,575	1,550	3,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170,400	77,075	93,325	0.5	0.4	0.5	19,240	8,935	10,305	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	800	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	255	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	108,295	52,850	55,440	0.3	0.3	0.3	16,500	8,265	8,235	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,660	855	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,855	1,000	860	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,685	745	940	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	1,030	920	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	400	415	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,890	885	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	160	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	320	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	75	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,380	725	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	550	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	245	275	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	260	260	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	365	325	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	920	420	500	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	190	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	305	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	530	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	315	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	200	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	50	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,455	1,165	1,290	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	495	535	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	145	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,205	1,710	1,490	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,090	1,170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,450	1,275	1,175	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,865	1,000	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	575	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	515	570	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	290	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	340	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	305	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	440	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	370	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	520	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	555	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	70	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	3.6	3.3	3.8	118,025	54,995	63,030	2.8	2.6	3.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	3.5	3.3	3.8	115,870	53,935	61,940	2.7	2.6	2.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	405	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	679,255	310,750	368,510	1.9	1.7	2.0	54,135	25,165	28,970	1.3	1.2	1.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	665	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,400	1,040	1,360	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	215	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	553,380	255,540	297,835	1.5	1.4	1.6	56,280	26,280	30,005	1.3	1.2	1.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	760	845	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	295	330	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,055	1,015	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	205	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	365	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	290	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	305	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	335	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	445	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	285	295	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,040	1,110	1,935	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	460	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	620	1,390	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	165	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,520	28,385	25,135	0.1	0.2	0.1	4,335	2,360	1,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	235	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	540	230	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,190	23,615	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,290	1,825	1,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	660	690	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,805	890	920	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	130	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,150	530	620	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,120	2,890	3,230	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	285	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,255	2,530	2,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	540	520	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	4.0	4.0	4.1	166,455	80,575	85,890	3.9	3.8	4.1
English and French	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	291,325	142,420	148,905	0.8	0.8	0.8	17,600	8,520	9,085	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.5	0.0	1.0	921,480	450,685	470,800	2.5	2.5	2.5	131,195	63,735	67,465	3.1	3.0	3.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,125	1,535	1,590	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,425	1,160	1,270	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,095	42,330	49,765	0.3	0.2	0.3	12,105	5,625	6,480	0.3	0.3	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	935	475	455	93.5	91.3	94.8	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	57.1	57.7	56.6	3,183,975	1,606,395	1,577,580	75.4	76.2	74.7
French	10	10	5	1.0	1.9	1.0	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	17.6	17.7	17.6	15,490	7,660	7,835	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	6.6	6.3	6.8	272,985	131,515	141,475	6.5	6.2	6.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,700	1,890	1,805	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	6.4	6.2	6.7	269,280	129,620	139,665	6.4	6.1	6.6
English and French	25	15	10	2.5	2.9	2.1	953,760	465,560	488,205	2.6	2.6	2.6	41,100	19,580	21,515	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	2.0	2.9	1.0	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	13.2	13.0	13.4	664,935	323,185	341,750	15.7	15.3	16.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395,320	188,195	207,125	1.1	1.0	1.1	1,590	725	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	455,760	217,995	237,770	1.2	1.2	1.3	17,280	8,175	9,105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,320	93,165	107,155	0.5	0.5	0.6	24,475	11,545	12,930	0.6	0.5	0.6
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	995	520	475	99.5	100.0	99.0	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	95.7	95.8	95.7	4,054,960	2,027,555	2,027,400	96.0	96.1	95.9
Official languages	970	500	470	97.0	96.2	97.9	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	83.1	83.4	82.7	3,504,300	1,758,870	1,745,425	83.0	83.4	82.6
English	955	490	465	95.5	94.2	96.9	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	63.8	64.2	63.5	3,481,545	1,747,645	1,733,895	82.5	82.9	82.1
French	15	10	5	1.5	1.9	1.0	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	19.2	19.3	19.2	22,755	11,225	11,530	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official languages	30	20	10	3.0	3.8	2.1	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	12.7	12.4	12.9	550,665	268,690	281,975	13.0	12.7	13.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,175	3,615	3,565	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,355	3,210	3,140	0.2	0.2	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	495	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	490	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,290	2,670	2,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,290	2,670	2,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	300	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	305	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,455	730	725	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	235	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	430	405	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	150	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,510	2,275	2,230	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	260	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	345	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	340	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	300	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	390	315	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	220	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	420	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0.1	0.1	0.1	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	3.0	3.8	2.1	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	12.4	12.1	12.7	543,490	265,075	278,415	12.9	12.6	13.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395,840	197,010	198,830	1.1	1.1	1.1	52,375	26,290	26,085	1.2	1.2	1.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	455	380	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	155	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	425	410	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	330	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	95	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,170	5,010	5,155	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,645	890	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	255	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,580	1,305	1,270	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,045	3,425	3,620	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	215	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	352,790	176,270	176,520	1.0	1.0	1.0	41,920	21,120	20,800	1.0	1.0	1.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,025	2,385	2,635	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285,915	143,650	142,260	0.8	0.8	0.8	28,040	14,195	13,840	0.7	0.7	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0.1	0.1	0.1	630	310	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	155	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	605	615	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	305	380	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	70	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	215	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	360	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,600	3,905	3,700	0.2	0.2	0.2
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	135	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	127,730	58,660	69,070	0.3	0.3	0.4	17,075	7,795	9,285	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	975	430	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,785	53,735	63,055	0.3	0.3	0.3	15,945	7,280	8,670	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	160	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	90	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	326,245	149,550	176,700	0.9	0.8	1.0	82,190	38,845	43,345	1.9	1.8	2.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	370	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,250	595	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,990	1,435	1,555	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,290	610	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0.1	0.0	0.1	4,450	2,075	2,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	215	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	265	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	150	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	370	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	165	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	205	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	145	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	330	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	310	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275,045	125,870	149,170	0.8	0.7	0.8	69,570	32,865	36,705	1.6	1.6	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	325	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	100	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	245	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,010	485	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0.1	0.1	0.1	295	140	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	125	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	150	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	115	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	135	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	395	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	45	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	169,705	85,265	84,440	0.5	0.5	0.5	11,840	5,985	5,855	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	150	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,390	19,010	16,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,270	3,150	3,120	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,335	54,240	58,095	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,480	1,790	1,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,705	860	845	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	120	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	730	610	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	15	5	2.0	2.9	1.0	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	6.2	6.2	6.2	265,460	131,850	133,610	6.3	6.3	6.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	550	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1	245	115	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	303,480	143,495	159,985	0.8	0.8	0.9	28,760	13,815	14,945	0.7	0.7	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	175	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	395	485	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,615	720	895	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300,985	142,375	158,610	0.8	0.8	0.9	28,415	13,640	14,775	0.7	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	290	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	365	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	95	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,810	3,230	3,575	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,780	59,290	66,490	0.3	0.3	0.4	10,885	5,205	5,680	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	155	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,370	2,105	2,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	360	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,525	740	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,055	990	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	315	325	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	285	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	595	785	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,080	1,990	2,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	295	265	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	165	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	140,450	68,575	71,875	0.4	0.4	0.4	40,925	20,195	20,730	1.0	1.0	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	110	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0.3	0.3	0.3	29,275	14,360	14,920	0.7	0.7	0.7
German	10	5	5	1.0	1.0	1.0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0.2	0.2	0.2	29,025	14,235	14,790	0.7	0.7	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	870	875	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	115	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,710	16,730	16,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,310	5,675	5,630	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,720	850	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	725	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,280	1,170	1,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	240	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,620	2,850	2,770	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	920	1,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	125	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	435	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	55	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	740	355	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0.1	0.1	0.1	935	430	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.5	1.0	0.0	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	3.2	3.3	3.1	146,225	73,640	72,580	3.5	3.5	3.4
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.5	1.0	0.0	962,820	490,815	472,000	2.6	2.7	2.5	132,370	66,780	65,590	3.1	3.2	3.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,085	2,505	2,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0.3	0.3	0.2	10,620	5,435	5,185	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,930	47,555	44,375	0.3	0.3	0.2	12,295	6,225	6,075	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	345	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	130	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	415	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	570	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,280	2,200	2,080	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	420	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	275	250	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	145	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520,390	266,775	253,610	1.4	1.5	1.4	75,180	38,085	37,090	1.8	1.8	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	205	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,595	790	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	158,040	78,420	79,615	0.4	0.4	0.4	20,080	9,990	10,085	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,015	1,040	975	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	255	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,420	99,545	104,875	0.6	0.6	0.6	13,835	6,850	6,980	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	655	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,920	960	960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0.5	0.5	0.5	10,495	5,190	5,310	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,990	1,435	1,560	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0.3	0.3	0.3	6,150	3,065	3,080	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,360	690	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	250	225	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	70	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	577,735	273,965	303,770	1.6	1.5	1.6	47,235	23,055	24,180	1.1	1.1	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	185	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,755	38,750	54,005	0.3	0.2	0.3	2,140	915	1,220	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,730	56,685	62,045	0.3	0.3	0.3	4,585	2,230	2,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,525	1,745	1,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	317,365	155,005	162,360	0.9	0.9	0.9	36,925	18,135	18,790	0.9	0.9	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	95	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,195	920	1,275	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,525	58,250	67,275	0.3	0.3	0.4	14,510	6,915	7,590	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	505	545	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	165	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,470	3,055	3,415	0.2	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	370	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	150	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	225	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	665	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	115	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	260	295	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	770	765	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	215	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	255	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	655	860	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	160	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	480	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	180	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	145	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	505	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,945	1,040	910	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,175	565	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	300	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	640	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	485	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	310	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	295	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	185	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,465	705	760	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	135	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	765	560	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,065	610	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	830	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	150	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	967,965	450,210	517,755	2.6	2.5	2.8	81,325	38,350	42,970	1.9	1.8	2.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	955,685	444,115	511,565	2.6	2.5	2.8	79,775	37,570	42,200	1.9	1.8	2.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	125	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530,945	249,675	281,270	1.4	1.4	1.5	40,005	19,245	20,765	0.9	0.9	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	370	405	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	405	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	130	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	393,430	180,000	213,435	1.1	1.0	1.2	37,205	17,195	20,010	0.9	0.8	0.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	455	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	765	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	125	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	320	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	225	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	265	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	225	240	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	135	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,410	655	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	430	205	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	430	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	85	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,685	1,405	1,285	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	115	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,180	1,145	1,035	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	420	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	470	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,805	860	945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	245	370	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	825	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,675	795	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	4.3	4.2	4.3	166,875	81,225	85,650	4.0	3.9	4.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230,955	112,070	118,880	0.6	0.6	0.6	8,010	3,875	4,130	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	3.1	3.0	3.1	152,980	74,600	78,375	3.6	3.5	3.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0.3	0.3	0.4	770	345	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,755	845	915	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,355	1,560	1,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,000	515	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,221,835	2,108,780	2,113,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	955	490	465	95.5	95.1	96.9	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	84.8	85.1	84.5	3,610,710	1,812,855	1,797,850	85.5	86.0	85.1
English	15	10	5	1.5	1.9	1.0	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	5.3	5.4	5.3	224,860	111,370	113,495	5.3	5.3	5.4
French	20	10	5	2.0	1.9	1.0	571,040	268,530	302,510	1.6	1.5	1.6	30,900	14,530	16,375	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	6.1	5.9	6.3	279,795	133,050	146,750	6.6	6.3	6.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0.2	0.2	0.2	10,470	4,835	5,630	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	6.0	5.8	6.2	269,325	128,210	141,115	6.4	6.1	6.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,825	1,370	1,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0	323,845	161,995	161,850	0.9	0.9	0.9	34,750	17,340	17,410	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,565	61,575	72,995	0.4	0.3	0.4	7,875	3,655	4,220	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	295	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	234,905	115,470	119,430	0.6	0.6	0.6	29,550	14,325	15,225	0.7	0.7	0.7
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	98.1	98.4	97.8	4,113,035	2,061,660	2,051,375	98.5	98.7	98.2
English	980	505	480	99.5	100.0	99.0	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	87.1	87.9	86.2	4,109,720	2,060,230	2,049,495	98.4	98.7	98.1
French	155	70	85	15.7	13.9	17.5	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	29.1	28.5	29.6	260,415	119,860	140,560	6.2	5.7	6.7
Non-official languages	65	35	30	6.6	6.9	6.2	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	29.5	28.7	30.3	1,215,795	587,465	628,325	29.1	28.1	30.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0.7	0.6	0.7	32,910	15,640	17,275	0.8	0.7	0.8
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0.5	0.4	0.5	29,220	13,945	15,275	0.7	0.7	0.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,605	3,085	3,515	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,000	10,590	11,410	0.5	0.5	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,980	10,585	11,395	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	450	445	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	60	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,265	1,840	2,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,155	1,060	1,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0.2	0.2	0.2	15,405	7,600	7,800	0.4	0.4	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	525	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	420	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,050	480	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	895	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,020	470	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,035	875	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	80	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	290	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0.1	0.1	0.1	320	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,510	1,145	1,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,490	1,140	1,350	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	680	870	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	840	920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	115	180	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	165	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	355	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	120	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,210	620	590	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	45	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	265	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	130	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	140	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	40	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	70	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	120	190	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	140	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	75	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	90	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0.1	0.1	0.1	180	60	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	505	630	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	145	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0.1	0.1	0.1	160	55	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,055	880	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	95	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	655	950	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,905	850	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	105	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	670	745	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	285	305	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	300	215	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	510	580	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	320	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	190	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	580	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	195	175	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	715	810	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	105	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	470	455	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	455	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	180	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	555	580	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,110	595	515	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	170	170	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	355	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	315	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	310	335	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	405	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	35	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	35	30	6.6	6.9	6.2	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	28.9	28.1	29.6	1,183,510	572,060	611,450	28.3	27.4	29.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	3.0	3.2	2.9	123,440	63,820	59,620	3.0	3.1	2.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0.1	0.1	0.1	630	370	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0.1	0.1	0.1	425	215	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	135	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	750	575	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	40	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	500	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	470	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	1,040	965	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	70	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0.2	0.2	0.2	20,915	10,520	10,385	0.5	0.5	0.5
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	415	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,390	2,775	2,610	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,865	7,395	7,475	0.4	0.4	0.4
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,400	760	645	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	2.8	2.9	2.7	105,580	54,910	50,670	2.5	2.6	2.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,775	8,070	7,700	0.4	0.4	0.4
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	838,045	436,510	401,540	2.3	2.4	2.2	76,760	40,430	36,335	1.8	1.9	1.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,125	625	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0.1	0.1	0.1	470	260	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	255	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	125	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,000	925	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	190	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,710	1,935	1,770	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,380	7,855	7,515	0.4	0.4	0.4
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	1,065	695	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	285	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260,030	120,035	139,995	0.7	0.7	0.8	35,940	16,645	19,295	0.9	0.8	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,685	1,275	1,410	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	232,800	107,435	125,355	0.6	0.6	0.7	33,020	15,240	17,785	0.8	0.7	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	455	455	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	225	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	793,275	336,445	456,840	2.2	1.9	2.5	181,630	80,370	101,260	4.3	3.8	4.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	605	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,010	1,285	1,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,045	13,790	19,250	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,560	3,850	4,710	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	900	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0.0	0.0	0.1	3,750	1,590	2,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0.2	0.1	0.2	13,710	5,825	7,885	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,410	1,045	1,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	770	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	230	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	345	510	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	95	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,565	785	780	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,705	805	900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,670	1,210	1,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,215	560	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	737,565	310,735	426,830	2.0	1.7	2.3	172,625	76,255	96,375	4.1	3.7	4.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	460	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,045	2,295	2,750	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0.5	0.5	0.5	5,360	2,730	2,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0.4	0.3	0.4	1,435	765	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	210	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	870	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	260	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	425	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,535	785	750	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,250	670	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	580	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	359,485	185,160	174,325	1.0	1.0	0.9	25,790	13,240	12,545	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,785	915	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,910	42,025	35,890	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,090	6,195	5,890	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	237,890	119,570	118,320	0.7	0.7	0.6	10,105	5,340	4,760	0.2	0.3	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0.2	0.2	0.1	5,040	2,575	2,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	935	835	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	80	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	450	520	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	175	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	365	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	25	25	5.6	5.0	5.2	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	16.1	16.0	16.2	607,625	300,360	307,265	14.5	14.4	14.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,130	1,730	1,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	795	440	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820,305	384,390	435,915	2.3	2.1	2.4	88,305	41,660	46,640	2.1	2.0	2.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	975	425	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	130	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	300	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	809,985	380,025	429,960	2.2	2.1	2.3	87,775	41,425	46,350	2.1	2.0	2.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	120	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,680	800	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,880	1,930	1,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0.1	0.1	0.1	635	295	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0.6	0.5	0.6	22,385	10,655	11,730	0.5	0.5	0.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	309,235	145,375	163,860	0.9	0.8	0.9	29,760	14,030	15,725	0.7	0.7	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	345	330	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0.4	0.4	0.4	13,860	6,820	7,035	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,470	1,675	1,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,945	3,440	3,510	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,415	3,155	3,260	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	115	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,540	1,165	1,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	335	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	131,655	59,230	72,425	0.4	0.3	0.4	23,340	10,625	12,715	0.6	0.5	0.6
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,175	565	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	260	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	170	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	495	415	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	2.5	2.0	3.1	658,705	319,800	338,905	1.8	1.8	1.8	107,065	53,150	53,915	2.6	2.5	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	175	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.1	453,995	222,215	231,780	1.2	1.2	1.3	66,405	33,105	33,300	1.6	1.6	1.6
German	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.1	419,195	204,840	214,355	1.2	1.1	1.2	65,370	32,550	32,820	1.6	1.6	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	785	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0.1	0.1	0.1	215	135	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0.5	0.5	0.5	38,720	19,390	19,320	0.9	0.9	0.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,940	3,005	2,935	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0.3	0.3	0.3	17,170	8,515	8,655	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,055	2,030	2,020	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	640	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	150	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,395	5,810	5,590	0.3	0.3	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	180	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,305	2,545	2,760	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,525	1,295	1,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	685	790	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,235	555	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,620	760	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	720	555	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0.4	0.4	0.4	4,645	2,365	2,280	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	6.2	6.5	6.0	266,095	135,440	130,660	6.4	6.5	6.3
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	5.3	5.5	5.1	242,500	123,495	119,005	5.8	5.9	5.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	590	565	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	105	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0.3	0.3	0.3	10,675	5,385	5,285	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gujarati	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	209,415	110,000	99,405	0.6	0.6	0.5	24,780	12,630	12,150	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hindi	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	761,425	395,410	366,015	2.1	2.2	2.0	94,015	48,065	45,945	2.3	2.3	2.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,495	1,550	1,945	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	965	865	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	160	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	430	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,030	2,080	1,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,995	3,620	3,370	0.2	0.2	0.2
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	925	785	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	755	795	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	942,170	488,075	454,090	2.6	2.7	2.5	126,385	64,695	61,690	3.0	3.1	3.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	345	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,380	755	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,960	1,950	2,010	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	414,870	211,895	202,975	1.1	1.2	1.1	51,540	26,420	25,125	1.2	1.3	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,125	1,155	970	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370,520	186,750	183,770	1.0	1.0	1.0	27,205	13,830	13,380	0.7	0.7	0.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	565	420	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,510	1,335	1,180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	535	470	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,550	2,335	2,220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0.9	0.9	0.9	20,940	10,630	10,310	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,385	3,640	3,745	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0.6	0.6	0.6	11,130	5,755	5,370	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,710	1,390	1,320	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	970	855	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,245	895	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	185	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	20	2.5	2.0	4.1	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	5.7	5.4	5.9	154,035	74,195	79,845	3.7	3.6	3.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	547,655	263,950	283,705	1.5	1.5	1.5	19,480	9,525	9,960	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	336,865	164,985	171,880	0.9	0.9	0.9	14,645	7,290	7,355	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,765	4,930	4,830	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	25	10	20	2.5	2.0	4.1	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	3.2	3.1	3.4	116,070	55,430	60,640	2.8	2.7	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0	455	270	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,965	1,025	940	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	135	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0.3	0.2	0.3	10,925	4,845	6,080	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	203,885	92,275	111,605	0.6	0.5	0.6	23,030	10,705	12,325	0.6	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0	790	355	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	267,520	131,495	136,025	0.7	0.7	0.7	41,335	20,960	20,375	1.0	1.0	1.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,555	1,805	1,755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	400	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	265	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	270	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	265	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	350	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	750	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	205	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0.1	0.1	0.0	4,685	2,390	2,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	1,010	945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,555	790	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	95	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	585	490	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	180	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	465	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,305	675	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,160	1,035	1,130	0.1	0.0	0.1
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	650	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,305	580	725	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	140	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0.2	0.2	0.2	9,495	5,040	4,455	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	85	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	400	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,490	5,265	5,220	0.3	0.3	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,385	3,160	3,230	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,615	1,890	1,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,595	850	740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,490	685	805	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	355	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,285	695	590	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	240	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0.1	0.1	0.2	6,525	2,455	4,070	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,685	2,100	3,585	0.1	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	415	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	4.3	4.0	4.5	144,545	68,355	76,190	3.5	3.3	3.6
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	4.2	4.0	4.4	141,465	66,830	74,635	3.4	3.2	3.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,450	630	820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	987,300	452,995	534,305	2.7	2.5	2.9	82,095	38,175	43,915	2.0	1.8	2.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,825	840	980	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0.1	0.1	0.2	4,250	1,825	2,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	280	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	724,925	335,185	389,740	2.0	1.9	2.1	74,960	35,260	39,700	1.8	1.7	1.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,795	860	930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	560	625	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	40	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,035	1,510	1,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	450	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	520	620	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	555	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	485	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	395	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	435	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	890	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	135	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	540	680	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	75	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,335	1,770	2,565	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,515	755	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,030	1,125	1,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	330	465	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	90	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,375	47,575	43,800	0.3	0.3	0.2	7,450	4,015	3,435	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	500	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	600	815	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,500	41,130	37,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,830	3,285	2,540	0.1	0.2	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,660	790	875	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	80	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	225	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	980	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	110	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,950	3,810	4,140	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	105	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,020	480	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,700	3,235	3,465	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	630	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	25	20	4.1	5.0	4.1	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	5.0	4.9	5.1	284,470	137,665	146,800	6.8	6.6	7.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	40	25	20	4.1	5.0	4.1	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	4.8	4.7	4.9	276,060	133,625	142,435	6.6	6.4	6.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	20	3.6	4.0	4.1	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	2.9	2.8	2.9	145,640	70,360	75,285	3.5	3.4	3.6
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	624,220	306,220	318,000	1.7	1.7	1.7	127,470	61,780	65,690	3.1	3.0	3.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,945	1,480	1,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,785	2,435	2,350	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,620	1,610	2,010	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	945	475	465	95.9	94.1	95.9	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	95.0	95.1	94.9	3,893,245	1,950,565	1,942,685	93.2	93.4	93.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	20	20	3.6	4.0	4.1	831,720	402,310	429,405	2.3	2.2	2.3	126,530	61,050	65,485	3.0	2.9	3.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	950	485	465	96.4	96.0	95.9	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	97.7	97.8	97.7	4,051,185	2,027,185	2,024,000	97.0	97.1	96.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	385	...	...	92.8	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	66.5	...	...	1,157,495	...	...	70.9	...	...
Renter	30	...	...	7.2	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	33.1	...	...	465,220	...	...	28.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0.5	...	...	10,505	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	15.0	...	...	294,875	...	...	18.1	...	...
Not condominium	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	85.0	...	...	1,338,345	...	...	81.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	132,060	...	...	0.9	...	...	9,160	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	30	...	...	7.2	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	14.2	...	...	158,300	...	...	9.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	115	...	...	27.7	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	25.6	...	...	350,400	...	...	21.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	150	...	...	36.1	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	33.3	...	...	566,750	...	...	34.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	115	...	...	27.7	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	26.1	...	...	548,610	...	...	33.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	80	...	...	19.3	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	31.1	...	...	427,120	...	...	26.2	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	16.9	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	15.5	...	...	258,680	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	12.0	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	13.6	...	...	235,145	...	...	14.4	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	13.3	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	12.0	...	...	206,130	...	...	12.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...	38.6	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	27.8	...	...	506,150	...	...	31.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	97.6	...	...	1,589,600	...	...	97.3	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	353,715	...	...	2.4	...	...	43,620	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	405	...	...	97.6	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	94.6	...	...	1,556,960	...	...	95.3	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	805,650	...	...	5.4	...	...	76,260	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...	41.0	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	20.2	...	...	168,925	...	...	10.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	105	...	...	25.3	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	27.9	...	...	428,655	...	...	26.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	12.0	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	13.2	...	...	188,550	...	...	11.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	12.1	...	...	224,315	...	...	13.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	4.8	...	...	959,860	...	...	6.4	...	...	152,840	...	...	9.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	6.9	...	...	168,905	...	...	10.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	967,540	...	...	6.5	...	...	161,095	...	...	9.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	15	...	...	3.6	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	6.9	...	...	139,935	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	370	...	...	89.2	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	93.9	...	...	1,543,795	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	9.6	...	...	919,545	...	...	6.1	...	...	89,420	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	215	...	...	51.8	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	51.1	...	...	802,915	...	...	49.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	190	...	...	45.8	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	44.3	...	...	745,175	...	...	45.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	687,485	...	...	4.6	...	...	85,130	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	424,695	...	...	2.8	...	...	51,475	...	...	3.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	13.9	...	...	260,820	...	...	16.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	13.3	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	17.4	...	...	341,390	...	...	20.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	70	...	...	16.9	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	17.7	...	...	304,080	...	...	18.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	18.1	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	20.3	...	...	311,335	...	...	19.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	110	...	...	26.5	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	16.2	...	...	222,825	...	...	13.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	8.4	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	8.6	...	...	105,505	...	...	6.5	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	6.0	...	...	457,900	...	...	3.1	...	...	35,775	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	400	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,588,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	365	...	...	91.3	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	79.1	...	...	1,251,370	...	...	78.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	30	...	...	7.5	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	20.9	...	...	337,585	...	...	21.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	20	...	...	5.0	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	18.7	...	...	306,355	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	415	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,633,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	19.3	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	29.2	...	...	463,775	...	...	28.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	7.2	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	18.2	...	...	304,300	...	...	18.6	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	2.4	...	...	595,110	...	...	4.0	...	...	58,970	...	...	3.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	40	...	...	9.6	...	...	645,465	...	...	4.3	...	...	61,750	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	135,770	...	...	0.9	...	...	11,080	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	199,355	...	...	1.3	...	...	21,460	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	64,095	...	...	0.4	...	...	5,470	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0.1	...	...	740	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	330	...	...	79.5	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	70.8	...	...	1,169,450	...	...	71.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	380	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,557,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	10.1	...	...	154,230	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not in core need	370	...	...	97.4	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	89.9	...	...	1,403,495	...	...	90.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	...	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	...	...	...	1,131,995	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.7	...	...	50.7	...	...	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	64.2	...	...	64.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...	16.0	...	...	16.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	604	...	...	604	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	788	...	...	788	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,678	...	...	1,678	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	199,000	...	...	199,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	618,500	...	...	448,800	...	...	448,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	...	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	...	...	...	463,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	33.2	...	...	33.2	...	...	34.0	...	...	34.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.7	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,332	...	...	1,332	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...	69,130	...	...	...	...	...	10,505	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	284	...	...	302	...	...	302	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	327	...	...	350	...	...	350	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	990	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,230	2,089,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	985,200	480,950	504,245	2.7	2.7	2.7	135,650	66,545	69,110	3.2	3.2	3.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	963,705	470,850	492,855	2.7	2.6	2.7	131,200	64,375	66,820	3.1	3.1	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	763,230	371,400	391,825	2.1	2.1	2.1	101,455	49,465	51,990	2.4	2.4	2.5
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	146,010	72,680	73,325	0.4	0.4	0.4	28,695	14,340	14,355	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0.1	0.1	0.2	1,050	570	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,455	2,175	2,285	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,090	1,985	2,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,070	530	535	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	25	0	3.0	5.0	0.0	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	3.4	3.3	3.4	187,365	90,475	96,890	4.5	4.3	4.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	25	0	3.0	5.0	0.0	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	3.3	3.2	3.3	180,640	87,270	93,375	4.3	4.2	4.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	25	0	3.0	5.0	0.0	801,630	384,550	417,075	2.2	2.1	2.3	102,335	49,695	52,640	2.4	2.4	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	362,130	174,975	187,150	1.0	1.0	1.0	76,055	36,420	39,640	1.8	1.7	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,255	1,155	1,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,720	3,210	3,515	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,150	2,915	3,235	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	140	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	500	505	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	130	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	125	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	930	470	460	93.9	93.1	94.8	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	93.9	94.1	93.8	3,854,695	1,931,210	1,923,485	92.3	92.5	92.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	990	500	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	960	485	475	97.0	97.0	99.0	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	91.2	91.2	91.3	3,792,705	1,903,020	1,889,685	90.8	91.1	90.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	185	95	90	18.7	19.0	18.8	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	18.7	19.4	17.9	900,670	463,925	436,745	21.6	22.2	20.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	775	390	385	78.3	78.0	80.2	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	72.6	71.8	73.3	2,892,035	1,439,095	1,452,945	69.2	68.9	69.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	30	15	10	3.0	3.0	2.1	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	8.8	8.8	8.7	385,010	185,215	199,795	9.2	8.9	9.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	990	500	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	915	460	460	92.4	92.0	95.8	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	74.4	75.0	73.8	3,141,915	1,585,765	1,556,150	75.2	75.9	74.5
Immigrants⁸¹	65	40	25	6.6	8.0	5.2	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	23.0	22.2	23.8	970,970	468,250	502,725	23.2	22.4	24.1
Before 1980	20	15	10	2.0	3.0	2.1	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	4.2	4.1	4.4	127,275	62,275	65,005	3.0	3.0	3.1
1980 to 1990	20	15	10	2.0	3.0	2.1	924,320	443,805	480,520	2.5	2.5	2.6	91,320	44,550	46,770	2.2	2.1	2.2
1991 to 2000	15	15	0	1.5	3.0	0.0	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	4.2	3.9	4.4	126,605	60,125	66,480	3.0	2.9	3.2
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	5.3	5.1	5.5	239,260	115,815	123,445	5.7	5.5	5.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	6.8	6.6	6.9	386,510	185,485	201,025	9.3	8.9	9.6
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	3.1	3.0	3.2	193,335	93,675	99,665	4.6	4.5	4.8
2016 to 2021	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	3.7	3.6	3.7	193,175	91,810	101,360	4.6	4.4	4.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	924,850	499,490	425,365	2.5	2.8	2.3	64,830	34,215	30,610	1.6	1.6	1.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	65	40	25	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	970,975	468,250	502,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	15	0	0	23.1	0.0	0.0	748,265	377,795	370,470	8.9	9.5	8.4	85,135	43,645	41,485	8.8	9.3	8.3
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	17.2	18.4	16.1	169,075	87,630	81,440	17.4	18.7	16.2
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	19.1	18.1	19.9	175,855	81,330	94,525	18.1	17.4	18.8
25 to 44 years	25	10	10	38.5	25.0	40.0	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	45.2	44.8	45.6	450,070	213,555	236,510	46.4	45.6	47.0
45 years and over	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0	797,180	364,260	432,920	9.5	9.2	9.9	90,845	42,090	48,760	9.4	9.0	9.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	65	40	25	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	970,975	468,250	502,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	15	0	23.1	37.5	0.0	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	14.4	13.7	15.0	110,855	51,790	59,065	11.4	11.1	11.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0.6	0.6	0.6	3,800	1,590	2,210	0.4	0.3	0.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,570	36,675	43,900	1.0	0.9	1.0	10,385	4,855	5,535	1.1	1.0	1.1
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0.6	0.6	0.6	6,940	3,340	3,600	0.7	0.7	0.7
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,530	37,870	47,660	1.0	1.0	1.1	2,375	1,175	1,205	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,945	44,585	55,360	1.2	1.1	1.3	1,370	745	625	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,360	63,430	81,925	1.7	1.6	1.9	8,695	4,160	4,530	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,585	42,215	48,370	1.1	1.1	1.1	17,990	8,935	9,055	1.9	1.9	1.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,905	825	1,075	0.2	0.2	0.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0.8	0.7	0.8	3,360	1,560	1,800	0.3	0.3	0.4
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	256,090	115,380	140,705	3.1	2.9	3.2	30,540	13,490	17,050	3.1	2.9	3.4
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250,760	116,305	134,460	3.0	2.9	3.1	23,500	11,110	12,395	2.4	2.4	2.5
Europe	50	25	20	76.9	62.5	80.0	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	23.5	24.0	23.1	180,590	90,195	90,395	18.6	19.3	18.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0.4	0.4	0.4	4,335	2,155	2,185	0.4	0.5	0.4
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0.4	0.5	0.4	3,405	1,710	1,700	0.4	0.4	0.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	121,525	63,845	57,685	1.5	1.6	1.3	2,720	1,330	1,390	0.3	0.3	0.3
Germany	10	0	10	15.4	0.0	40.0	126,470	60,560	65,915	1.5	1.5	1.5	16,635	8,000	8,635	1.7	1.7	1.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0.7	0.7	0.6	1,895	1,035	855	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,080	1,505	1,580	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,065	101,445	102,625	2.4	2.6	2.3	6,990	3,605	3,380	0.7	0.8	0.7
Netherlands	10	0	0	15.4	0.0	0.0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0.9	1.0	0.8	12,730	6,680	6,050	1.3	1.4	1.2
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135,030	60,660	74,370	1.6	1.5	1.7	15,595	7,280	8,315	1.6	1.6	1.7
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,795	62,880	65,910	1.5	1.6	1.5	3,730	1,895	1,835	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,770	40,820	45,955	1.0	1.0	1.0	7,190	3,585	3,605	0.7	0.8	0.7
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,840	35,185	46,650	1.0	0.9	1.1	7,470	3,205	4,260	0.8	0.7	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4	2,220	1,075	1,145	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,135	36,840	44,295	1.0	0.9	1.0	8,915	4,050	4,870	0.9	0.9	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	15.4	0.0	0.0	464,135	229,710	234,430	5.6	5.8	5.3	56,675	29,555	27,125	5.8	6.3	5.4
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	271,725	131,935	139,790	3.2	3.3	3.2	26,990	13,535	13,460	2.8	2.9	2.7
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	821,735	412,365	409,375	9.8	10.4	9.3	119,295	60,715	58,580	12.3	13.0	11.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,660	41,065	38,600	1.0	1.0	0.9	1,220	665	560	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,215	1,640	1,575	0.3	0.4	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0.9	1.0	0.8	6,760	3,660	3,095	0.7	0.8	0.6
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0.4	0.4	0.3	9,720	5,230	4,495	1.0	1.1	0.9
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0.5	0.5	0.5	14,420	7,085	7,340	1.5	1.5	1.5
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,775	41,085	40,685	1.0	1.0	0.9	2,130	1,100	1,035	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,290	41,665	39,620	1.0	1.0	0.9	21,065	10,925	10,145	2.2	2.3	2.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0.4	0.4	0.4	8,545	4,260	4,285	0.9	0.9	0.9
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0.6	0.6	0.6	8,960	4,430	4,535	0.9	0.9	0.9
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	314,995	157,170	157,825	3.8	4.0	3.6	43,250	21,720	21,530	4.5	4.6	4.3
Asia	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	51.5	51.1	51.9	549,965	260,520	289,440	56.6	55.6	57.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0.7	0.8	0.7	6,585	3,235	3,350	0.7	0.7	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,940	92,300	90,645	2.2	2.3	2.1	8,865	4,625	4,245	0.9	1.0	0.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,130	42,660	41,465	1.0	1.1	0.9	6,220	3,225	2,990	0.6	0.7	0.6
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95,725	50,675	45,055	1.1	1.3	1.0	9,960	5,375	4,585	1.0	1.1	0.9
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,590	49,855	47,735	1.2	1.3	1.1	9,975	5,310	4,665	1.0	1.1	0.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,270	18,835	16,435	0.4	0.5	0.4	2,830	1,575	1,260	0.3	0.3	0.3
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	715,835	317,970	397,860	8.6	8.0	9.1	61,390	27,935	33,455	6.3	6.0	6.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	213,855	100,480	113,375	2.6	2.5	2.6	18,725	9,090	9,630	1.9	1.9	1.9
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,355	63,025	75,325	1.7	1.6	1.7	16,180	7,545	8,635	1.7	1.6	1.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,365	28,725	36,635	0.8	0.7	0.8	3,395	1,415	1,980	0.3	0.3	0.4
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	719,580	305,115	414,460	8.6	7.7	9.5	167,735	74,205	93,530	17.3	15.8	18.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,095	82,670	99,425	2.2	2.1	2.3	27,880	12,700	15,180	2.9	2.7	3.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0.8	0.9	0.8	6,035	3,080	2,960	0.6	0.7	0.6
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	898,050	451,120	446,930	10.7	11.3	10.2	122,150	61,405	60,740	12.6	13.1	12.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	234,105	118,390	115,715	2.8	3.0	2.6	30,810	15,690	15,120	3.2	3.4	3.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	136,240	66,215	70,030	1.6	1.7	1.6	4,930	2,490	2,445	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375,340	175,930	199,410	4.5	4.4	4.5	46,305	21,615	24,690	4.8	4.6	4.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0.7	0.8	0.7	10,275	5,030	5,240	1.1	1.1	1.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10	0	0	100.0	0.0	0.0	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	100.0	100.0	100.0	193,170	91,815	101,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	154,490	74,275	80,215	11.6	11.5	11.7	19,300	8,985	10,320	10.0	9.8	10.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,895	9,340	10,560	1.5	1.4	1.5	1,365	555	810	0.7	0.6	0.8
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0.9	0.8	0.9	1,310	535	775	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0.8	0.8	0.8	220	135	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,155	7,740	7,420	1.1	1.2	1.1	2,130	985	1,145	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,150	8,405	8,745	1.3	1.3	1.3	4,165	2,140	2,025	2.2	2.3	2.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,875	19,790	20,085	3.0	3.1	2.9	5,175	2,460	2,715	2.7	2.7	2.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0.5	0.5	0.6	1,220	525	695	0.6	0.6	0.7
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,350	15,785	17,570	2.5	2.4	2.6	3,715	1,645	2,070	1.9	1.8	2.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,425	69,310	65,120	10.1	10.7	9.5	15,750	7,955	7,795	8.2	8.7	7.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,175	14,560	12,610	2.0	2.3	1.8	405	200	200	0.2	0.2	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0.4	0.4	0.4	750	310	445	0.4	0.3	0.4
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0.5	0.6	0.3	1,060	640	425	0.5	0.7	0.4
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0.3	0.4	0.3	470	285	180	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0.8	0.7	1.0	1,090	395	695	0.6	0.4	0.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,515	6,570	7,945	1.1	1.0	1.2	2,045	920	1,125	1.1	1.0	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,755	13,550	9,200	1.7	2.1	1.3	3,800	2,170	1,630	2.0	2.4	1.6
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,120	21,160	21,960	3.2	3.3	3.2	6,135	3,045	3,090	3.2	3.3	3.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	206,965	102,875	104,090	15.6	16.0	15.2	34,320	16,870	17,450	17.8	18.4	17.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,745	7,530	8,220	1.2	1.2	1.2	155	50	105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0.4	0.4	0.4	450	220	230	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0.9	0.9	0.9	905	385	520	0.5	0.4	0.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0.7	0.7	0.7	920	450	465	0.5	0.5	0.5
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0.6	0.6	0.6	265	125	140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0.9	1.0	0.9	1,190	595	595	0.6	0.6	0.6
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,330	8,755	7,575	1.2	1.4	1.1	5,120	2,665	2,450	2.7	2.9	2.4
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0.7	0.7	0.7	3,960	1,865	2,100	2.1	2.0	2.1
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,835	6,025	6,810	1.0	0.9	1.0	510	215	290	0.3	0.2	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,360	20,575	19,780	3.0	3.2	2.9	9,840	4,950	4,890	5.1	5.4	4.8
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0.5	0.5	0.4	1,960	970	985	1.0	1.1	1.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0.6	0.7	0.6	1,950	1,025	930	1.0	1.1	0.9
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0.4	0.4	0.3	1,135	530	605	0.6	0.6	0.6
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0.6	0.6	0.6	250	150	105	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,960	19,250	19,715	2.9	3.0	2.9	5,725	2,680	3,040	3.0	2.9	3.0
Asia	10	0	0	100.0	0.0	0.0	823,205	393,110	430,090	62.0	61.0	62.9	122,360	57,210	65,145	63.3	62.3	64.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,730	6,290	6,440	1.0	1.0	0.9	1,350	655	700	0.7	0.7	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,185	6,670	6,515	1.0	1.0	1.0	1,135	540	590	0.6	0.6	0.6
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,035	50,365	67,665	8.9	7.8	9.9	9,495	4,095	5,400	4.9	4.5	5.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0.5	0.4	0.5	730	330	395	0.4	0.4	0.4
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	246,995	128,205	118,790	18.6	19.9	17.4	31,815	16,070	15,745	16.5	17.5	15.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,650	12,310	13,340	1.9	1.9	2.0	1,420	665	750	0.7	0.7	0.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,835	8,875	1.3	1.4	1.3	1,305	625	680	0.7	0.7	0.7
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0.4	0.4	0.3	660	365	295	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0.3	0.2	0.5	335	50	285	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0.3	0.4	0.3	455	235	220	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,985	8,790	12,200	1.6	1.4	1.8	3,425	1,440	1,990	1.8	1.6	2.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0.8	0.8	0.7	955	455	500	0.5	0.5	0.5
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,365	670	695	0.7	0.7	0.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,255	18,070	18,190	2.7	2.8	2.7	4,085	1,950	2,130	2.1	2.1	2.1
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	151,490	66,720	84,765	11.4	10.3	12.4	47,605	21,395	26,215	24.6	23.3	25.9
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0.7	0.8	0.6	690	360	325	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0.6	0.6	0.7	740	370	365	0.4	0.4	0.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,130	32,725	30,410	4.8	5.1	4.5	7,295	3,900	3,400	3.8	4.2	3.4
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0.8	0.9	0.7	845	405	440	0.4	0.4	0.4
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0.6	0.7	0.6	690	375	315	0.4	0.4	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,725	5,605	9,125	1.1	0.9	1.3	1,760	580	1,180	0.9	0.6	1.2
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,410	13,035	17,375	2.3	2.0	2.5	4,205	1,670	2,540	2.2	1.8	2.5
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0.7	0.8	0.6	1,445	785	655	0.7	0.9	0.6
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0.5	0.6	0.4	940	510	430	0.5	0.6	0.4
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0.2	0.2	0.2	500	280	220	0.3	0.3	0.2
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	85	50	35	8.6	9.9	7.2	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	26.4	25.8	27.0	1,074,140	522,255	551,885	25.7	25.0	26.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	65	40	30	6.6	7.9	6.2	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	17.6	17.9	17.3	777,505	391,285	386,215	18.6	18.7	18.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	840	415	425	85.3	82.2	87.6	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	56.0	56.3	55.6	2,326,075	1,174,690	1,151,385	55.7	56.3	55.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	40	30	15	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	843,700	405,975	437,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	25	20	10	62.5	66.7	66.7	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	53.9	56.6	51.3	471,325	236,805	234,520	55.9	58.3	53.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	15	0	50.0	50.0	0.0	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	22.8	28.8	17.4	192,785	116,035	76,755	22.8	28.6	17.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	31.0	27.8	34.0	278,535	120,765	157,765	33.0	29.7	36.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10	10	0	25.0	33.3	0.0	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	29.6	25.3	33.4	240,090	98,410	141,680	28.5	24.2	32.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	15.2	16.8	13.9	123,970	66,715	57,255	14.7	16.4	13.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,900	42,145	49,755	1.3	1.3	1.4	8,315	4,050	4,265	1.0	1.0	1.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	40	30	15	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	843,700	405,975	437,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	416,105	222,895	193,205	6.1	6.9	5.4	29,815	17,215	12,595	3.5	4.2	2.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705,405	324,370	381,035	10.3	10.0	10.7	126,640	57,515	69,125	15.0	14.2	15.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	183,250	92,135	91,110	2.7	2.8	2.5	24,340	12,430	11,910	2.9	3.1	2.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	377,130	188,535	188,590	5.5	5.8	5.3	47,540	25,735	21,805	5.6	6.3	5.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0.6	0.5	0.7	3,740	1,430	2,305	0.4	0.4	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	40	30	10	100.0	100.0	66.7	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	74.8	74.0	75.5	611,625	291,650	319,975	72.5	71.8	73.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	25	20	0	2.5	4.0	0.0	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	26.5	26.3	26.8	1,161,420	571,535	589,885	27.8	27.4	28.2
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	7.1	7.4	6.8	297,650	152,030	145,620	7.1	7.3	7.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	4.7	4.5	4.9	164,235	79,520	84,710	3.9	3.8	4.1
Black	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	4.3	4.2	4.3	177,940	90,375	87,570	4.3	4.3	4.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	957,355	427,755	529,600	2.6	2.4	2.9	216,710	99,540	117,170	5.2	4.8	5.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	694,015	362,845	331,170	1.9	2.0	1.8	69,505	36,555	32,955	1.7	1.8	1.6
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580,235	281,030	299,200	1.6	1.6	1.6	66,520	32,115	34,405	1.6	1.5	1.6
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390,340	184,120	206,220	1.1	1.0	1.1	54,005	25,215	28,790	1.3	1.2	1.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360,495	181,795	178,695	1.0	1.0	1.0	25,075	12,835	12,240	0.6	0.6	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	218,140	101,855	116,285	0.6	0.6	0.6	24,365	11,600	12,770	0.6	0.6	0.6
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,890	42,315	56,575	0.3	0.2	0.3	13,560	6,135	7,425	0.3	0.3	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0.5	0.5	0.5	12,100	5,985	6,120	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	331,805	160,790	171,010	0.9	0.9	0.9	39,745	19,625	20,120	1.0	0.9	1.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	960	480	480	97.5	95.0	99.0	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	73.5	73.7	73.2	3,016,295	1,516,700	1,499,605	72.2	72.6	71.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	985	500	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,720	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	220	115	105	22.3	23.0	21.9	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	15.6	15.8	15.4	484,655	251,795	232,860	11.6	12.1	11.1
English	395	200	195	40.1	40.0	40.6	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	14.7	14.5	14.8	766,070	376,940	389,130	18.3	18.1	18.6
Irish	185	85	105	18.8	17.0	21.9	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	12.1	11.7	12.6	561,915	270,440	291,470	13.5	13.0	13.9
Scottish	230	130	100	23.4	26.0	20.8	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	12.1	11.9	12.3	631,015	309,855	321,160	15.1	14.8	15.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	140	65	80	14.2	13.0	16.7	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	11.0	11.0	11.0	340,900	167,270	173,635	8.2	8.0	8.3
German	60	20	40	6.1	4.0	8.3	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	8.1	8.1	8.2	641,025	317,325	323,705	15.3	15.2	15.5
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	4.7	4.5	4.9	177,990	85,545	92,440	4.3	4.1	4.4
Italian	20	10	10	2.0	2.0	2.1	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	4.3	4.3	4.2	98,730	49,855	48,875	2.4	2.4	2.3
Indian (India)	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	3.7	3.9	3.6	155,700	79,060	76,640	3.7	3.8	3.7
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	3.5	3.4	3.5	343,640	169,070	174,575	8.2	8.1	8.4
Dutch	55	35	15	5.6	7.0	3.1	988,585	489,045	499,545	2.7	2.7	2.7	174,625	87,015	87,610	4.2	4.2	4.2
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	982,820	472,290	510,525	2.7	2.6	2.8	169,925	82,005	87,915	4.1	3.9	4.2
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	981,635	490,130	491,510	2.7	2.7	2.7	5,380	2,810	2,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	0	15	2.0	0.0	3.1	938,950	462,420	476,530	2.6	2.6	2.6	124,835	63,065	61,770	3.0	3.0	3.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925,490	414,915	510,570	2.5	2.3	2.8	203,955	94,020	109,935	4.9	4.5	5.3
French Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	906,315	441,610	464,705	2.5	2.5	2.5	32,365	15,655	16,710	0.8	0.7	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105	45	60	10.7	9.0	12.5	691,260	347,080	344,175	1.9	1.9	1.9	73,475	37,700	35,780	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	10	0	1.5	2.0	0.0	632,340	304,220	328,120	1.7	1.7	1.8	73,355	35,940	37,415	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560,335	271,985	288,350	1.5	1.5	1.6	115,455	55,915	59,535	2.8	2.7	2.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	551,910	278,060	273,850	1.5	1.6	1.5	70,790	36,360	34,425	1.7	1.7	1.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	548,140	260,075	288,065	1.5	1.4	1.6	97,890	46,455	51,435	2.3	2.2	2.5
Norwegian	40	30	20	4.1	6.0	4.2	466,500	224,290	242,210	1.3	1.3	1.3	154,535	74,455	80,085	3.7	3.6	3.8
Welsh	15	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0	455,720	216,490	239,230	1.3	1.2	1.3	76,810	36,840	39,970	1.8	1.8	1.9
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	448,305	222,770	225,535	1.2	1.2	1.2	21,415	10,745	10,680	0.5	0.5	0.5
American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	353,495	172,240	181,255	1.0	1.0	1.0	66,100	32,535	33,560	1.6	1.6	1.6
Spanish	15	15	0	1.5	3.0	0.0	342,040	160,475	181,570	0.9	0.9	1.0	40,165	18,395	21,770	1.0	0.9	1.0
Swedish	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.1	334,505	156,840	177,665	0.9	0.9	1.0	92,975	43,950	49,025	2.2	2.1	2.3
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0.9	0.9	0.9	51,360	25,175	26,185	1.2	1.2	1.3
Acadian	45	15	25	4.6	3.0	5.2	305,170	145,500	159,675	0.8	0.8	0.9	10,110	5,175	4,935	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	303,260	154,435	148,825	0.8	0.9	0.8	39,535	20,140	19,390	0.9	1.0	0.9
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	301,955	148,335	153,625	0.8	0.8	0.8	34,225	17,015	17,210	0.8	0.8	0.8
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0.8	0.8	0.8	14,405	7,195	7,210	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,950	145,620	134,330	0.8	0.8	0.7	37,585	19,270	18,315	0.9	0.9	0.9
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275,530	131,075	144,445	0.8	0.7	0.8	39,395	18,815	20,580	0.9	0.9	1.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	263,710	138,210	125,500	0.7	0.8	0.7	23,860	12,675	11,185	0.6	0.6	0.5
Greek	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1	262,140	132,975	129,160	0.7	0.7	0.7	13,980	7,290	6,690	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0.7	0.7	0.7	15,620	7,845	7,775	0.4	0.4	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0.6	0.6	0.6	31,255	15,030	16,225	0.7	0.7	0.8
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	20	2.0	0.0	4.2	219,855	105,825	114,030	0.6	0.6	0.6	62,465	30,145	32,315	1.5	1.4	1.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	217,650	101,805	115,845	0.6	0.6	0.6	24,170	11,505	12,660	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215,885	103,720	112,165	0.6	0.6	0.6	31,530	14,880	16,650	0.8	0.7	0.8
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210,605	107,990	102,615	0.6	0.6	0.6	28,480	14,600	13,880	0.7	0.7	0.7
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0.6	0.6	0.5	10,550	5,380	5,165	0.3	0.3	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0.6	0.6	0.5	14,380	7,135	7,240	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0.5	0.5	0.5	56,190	27,550	28,640	1.3	1.3	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0.5	0.5	0.5	26,435	12,745	13,695	0.6	0.6	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	194,640	101,255	93,385	0.5	0.6	0.5	28,860	15,005	13,855	0.7	0.7	0.7
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	189,535	92,740	96,800	0.5	0.5	0.5	36,220	17,895	18,325	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,175	90,150	92,030	0.5	0.5	0.5	21,985	10,715	11,270	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0.5	0.5	0.5	2,460	1,255	1,200	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	166,160	87,665	78,495	0.5	0.5	0.4	20,535	10,485	10,050	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,495	77,435	78,055	0.4	0.4	0.4	25,450	12,870	12,580	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mennonite	30	20	10	3.0	4.0	2.1	155,095	77,735	77,360	0.4	0.4	0.4	31,565	15,825	15,740	0.8	0.8	0.8
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,570	72,015	73,555	0.4	0.4	0.4	22,450	11,045	11,405	0.5	0.5	0.5
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	144,055	69,270	74,785	0.4	0.4	0.4	18,705	9,040	9,665	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0.4	0.4	0.4	5,140	2,600	2,540	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130,820	64,915	65,905	0.4	0.4	0.4	13,720	6,830	6,890	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	129,425	56,850	72,580	0.4	0.3	0.4	18,605	8,565	10,040	0.4	0.4	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0.3	0.3	0.3	8,945	4,525	4,420	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	111,605	53,700	57,905	0.3	0.3	0.3	8,305	4,030	4,275	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	10	15	3.0	2.0	3.1	110,735	54,730	56,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	25,800	13,080	12,720	0.6	0.6	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0.3	0.3	0.3	12,420	6,350	6,065	0.3	0.3	0.3
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,245	55,230	50,020	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,585	5,080	4,505	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0.3	0.3	0.3	12,105	5,985	6,125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,160	1,645	1,515	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0.3	0.3	0.3	19,720	9,865	9,850	0.5	0.5	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0.3	0.3	0.3	11,115	5,380	5,735	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,620	1,375	1,250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0.3	0.3	0.3	19,730	9,465	10,260	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1	98,250	49,385	48,865	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,520	4,880	4,645	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,370	1,715	1,655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0.3	0.3	0.3	10,380	5,155	5,225	0.2	0.2	0.3
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0.3	0.2	0.3	6,880	3,570	3,310	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,410	3,655	3,760	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0.3	0.2	0.3	4,680	2,280	2,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0.3	0.3	0.3	8,615	4,495	4,125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,715	3,340	3,375	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,155	1,505	1,655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,640	2,425	2,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,595	2,300	2,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,745	39,955	36,795	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,670	3,725	2,945	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,935	2,065	1,870	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,525	3,435	3,090	0.2	0.2	0.1
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,300	680	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,000	2,340	2,655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,600	7,585	7,015	0.3	0.4	0.3
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,870	930	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	10,525	5,200	5,320	0.3	0.2	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,430	3,470	3,965	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,310	8,160	8,150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,020	29,280	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,630	1,510	2,120	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,725	2,385	2,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,055	3,475	3,580	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0.2	0.1	0.2	2,290	1,180	1,110	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,445	3,460	3,980	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,800	3,120	2,680	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0.2	0.1	0.2	3,670	1,735	1,930	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,680	820	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0.1	0.1	0.2	2,215	995	1,220	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,670	2,635	3,035	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,400	4,055	4,345	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,765	24,165	22,595	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,395	4,275	4,125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,425	2,365	2,060	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,350	3,765	3,590	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,540	1,815	1,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,590	1,280	1,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,505	6,620	6,875	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,735	2,690	3,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,670	1,270	1,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,895	4,535	4,360	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,535	2,235	2,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0.1	0.1	0.1	995	550	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,240	1,810	1,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,535	800	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0.1	0.1	0.1	925	440	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,595	18,785	19,815	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,860	1,935	1,925	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,220	2,505	2,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,545	790	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,210	2,140	2,070	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,010	5,580	5,430	0.3	0.3	0.3
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,605	1,305	1,305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,920	995	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,965	1,020	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,235	3,925	4,310	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,490	1,205	1,290	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,575	16,525	16,055	0.1	0.1	0.1	26,600	13,605	12,990	0.6	0.7	0.6
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,015	2,025	1,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,725	835	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,250	1,665	1,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,085	1,990	2,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	855	440	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,640	1,890	1,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,125	985	1,140	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,170	2,065	2,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,240	2,015	2,220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0.1	0.1	0.1	250	110	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,920	1,450	1,470	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,190	1,090	1,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,205	1,060	1,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,395	1,185	1,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,640	1,660	1,985	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,460	1,225	1,235	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,045	2,785	3,255	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,525	1,205	1,320	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,405	1,230	1,175	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,940	965	980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0.1	0.1	0.1	980	465	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	320	190	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,030	1,030	1,000	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,640	1,280	1,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,290	1,180	1,110	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,155	2,040	2,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,875	1,445	1,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,195	1,125	1,070	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,285	650	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,535	1,240	2,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,005	525	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,140	2,655	2,485	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0.1	0.1	0.1	225	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0.1	0.1	0.1	690	345	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,245	2,750	2,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,310	1,120	1,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,220	2,020	2,200	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,115	5,290	5,830	0.3	0.3	0.3
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0.1	0.0	0.1	135	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,070	1,065	1,005	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,360	645	710	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0.0	0.1	0.0	3,175	1,630	1,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,225	2,690	2,530	0.1	0.1	0.1
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	155	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,950	770	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,640	1,205	1,435	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,360	2,660	2,705	0.1	0.1	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	470	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	140	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,150	1,935	2,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	1,080	1,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	55	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	330	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,715	1,400	1,315	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	330	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,990	910	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	550	240	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	575	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,075	2,745	2,325	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,780	895	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	450	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,710	1,315	1,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	40	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	200	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,175	575	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,595	845	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	305	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	860	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	245	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,705	900	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	140	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	590	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,405	710	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	395	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,075	1,030	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	460	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	150	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	740	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	250	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	215	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	975	500	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	185	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,370	715	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,785	855	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	295	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	440	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	455	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,825	1,300	1,530	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,115	535	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,690	805	885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	100	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	185	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	135	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,595	780	815	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,745	2,025	1,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,500	775	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	565	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	620	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	235	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	400	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	410	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,535	1,145	1,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	190	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,295	1,120	1,180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	190	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	235	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	280	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	160	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	310	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	305	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	290	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	120	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	50	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	575	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0.0	0.0	0.0	780	340	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	560	560	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	625	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	185	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,755	925	825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	125	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	985	505	485	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,177,715	2,088,235	2,089,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	356,975	157,435	199,540	1.0	0.9	1.1	42,830	19,140	23,690	1.0	0.9	1.1
Christian	525	285	240	53.3	56.4	49.5	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	53.3	50.9	55.7	2,009,820	952,440	1,057,385	48.1	45.6	50.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	35	15	4.6	6.9	3.1	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	7.6	7.4	7.8	429,375	207,320	222,055	10.3	9.9	10.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0.4	0.4	0.4	20,035	10,075	9,960	0.5	0.5	0.5
Anglican	75	45	35	7.6	8.9	7.2	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	3.1	2.9	3.4	95,560	43,925	51,635	2.3	2.1	2.5
Baptist	75	35	45	7.6	6.9	9.3	436,940	200,325	236,615	1.2	1.1	1.3	44,605	20,650	23,955	1.1	1.0	1.1
Catholic	130	60	75	13.2	11.9	15.5	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	29.9	29.0	30.9	833,025	399,750	433,275	19.9	19.1	20.7
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	623,010	301,055	321,955	1.7	1.7	1.8	63,775	30,995	32,775	1.5	1.5	1.6
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0.4	0.3	0.4	18,185	7,955	10,235	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,725	41,365	46,360	0.2	0.2	0.3	47,125	22,540	24,580	1.1	1.1	1.2
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	328,045	150,115	177,925	0.9	0.8	1.0	78,925	36,470	42,455	1.9	1.7	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,640	4,400	5,240	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	0	2.0	2.0	0.0	399,025	180,870	218,155	1.1	1.0	1.2	53,900	25,250	28,655	1.3	1.2	1.4
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	301,400	136,440	164,960	0.8	0.8	0.9	22,850	10,360	12,495	0.5	0.5	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,735	7,310	7,430	0.4	0.4	0.4
United Church	150	90	65	15.2	17.8	13.4	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	3.3	3.0	3.7	153,820	67,205	86,615	3.7	3.2	4.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	745,650	345,540	400,110	2.1	1.9	2.2	124,265	58,235	66,030	3.0	2.8	3.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	828,195	430,135	398,060	2.3	2.4	2.2	78,520	40,435	38,085	1.9	1.9	1.8
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0.9	0.9	0.9	11,390	5,475	5,915	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	4.9	5.0	4.7	202,535	103,635	98,900	4.8	5.0	4.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	771,790	394,345	377,445	2.1	2.2	2.1	103,600	52,505	51,100	2.5	2.5	2.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,755	9,640	10,120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	229,015	97,645	131,370	0.6	0.5	0.7	33,220	14,325	18,905	0.8	0.7	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	455	215	240	46.2	42.6	49.5	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	34.6	36.9	32.4	1,676,045	890,645	785,400	40.1	42.7	37.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	975	500	470	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,131,540	2,064,715	2,066,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	890	450	440	91.3	90.0	93.6	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	87.8	87.8	87.8	3,583,005	1,793,310	1,789,695	86.7	86.9	86.6
Movers	85	55	35	8.7	11.0	7.4	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	12.2	12.2	12.2	548,535	271,400	277,130	13.3	13.1	13.4
Non-migrants	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	7.1	7.2	7.1	367,325	182,230	185,100	8.9	8.8	9.0
Migrants	80	45	35	8.2	9.0	7.4	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	5.0	5.0	5.0	181,205	89,170	92,035	4.4	4.3	4.5
Internal migrants	80	45	35	8.2	9.0	7.4	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	4.2	4.2	4.2	152,655	75,275	77,380	3.7	3.6	3.7
Intraprovincial migrants	55	35	25	5.6	7.0	5.3	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	3.5	3.5	3.5	107,180	52,880	54,295	2.6	2.6	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.1	268,965	135,215	133,750	0.7	0.8	0.7	45,475	22,390	23,090	1.1	1.1	1.1
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	293,955	147,585	146,370	0.8	0.8	0.8	28,555	13,900	14,650	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	960	500	460	100.0	100.0	100.0	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,930,000	1,961,005	1,969,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	695	375	320	72.4	75.0	69.6	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	61.0	61.0	61.1	2,314,250	1,158,665	1,155,590	58.9	59.1	58.7
Movers	265	125	140	27.6	25.0	30.4	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	39.0	39.0	38.9	1,615,755	802,340	813,415	41.1	40.9	41.3
Non-migrants	20	15	0	2.1	3.0	0.0	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	16.7	16.7	16.8	854,765	427,660	427,105	21.7	21.8	21.7
Migrants	250	110	135	26.0	22.0	29.3	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	22.2	22.3	22.2	760,990	374,680	386,305	19.4	19.1	19.6
Internal migrants	240	105	135	25.0	21.0	29.3	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	17.3	17.2	17.4	596,980	295,120	301,860	15.2	15.0	15.3
Intraprovincial migrants	160	65	95	16.7	13.0	20.7	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	14.7	14.5	14.8	431,785	213,950	217,830	11.0	10.9	11.1
Interprovincial migrants	80	40	40	8.3	8.0	8.7	921,345	459,695	461,650	2.7	2.7	2.6	165,195	81,160	84,035	4.2	4.1	4.3
External migrants	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	4.9	5.1	4.8	164,015	79,565	84,445	4.2	4.1	4.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	840	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	200	130	75	23.8	30.6	18.1	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	18.0	19.6	16.6	595,665	322,765	272,900	17.6	19.3	16.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	640	300	340	76.2	70.6	81.9	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	82.0	80.4	83.4	2,779,465	1,353,090	1,426,375	82.4	80.7	83.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	240	210	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,298,165	1,141,780	1,156,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	30	15	11.0	12.5	7.1	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	11.6	13.6	9.7	274,480	156,485	117,990	11.9	13.7	10.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	405	210	195	89.0	87.5	92.9	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	88.4	86.4	90.3	2,023,680	985,290	1,038,390	88.1	86.3	89.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	835	425	415	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,135	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	165	95	70	19.8	22.4	16.9	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	16.2	17.1	15.3	522,835	275,555	247,275	15.5	16.4	14.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	230	125	105	27.5	29.4	25.3	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	26.7	27.1	26.3	972,110	482,900	489,215	28.8	28.8	28.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	440	205	240	52.7	48.2	57.8	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	57.2	55.9	58.4	1,880,185	917,400	962,790	55.7	54.7	56.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	160	155	37.7	37.6	37.3	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	30.5	31.1	29.9	1,014,810	524,770	490,045	30.1	31.3	28.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	85	30	13.8	20.0	7.2	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	8.7	12.2	5.4	295,285	232,120	63,165	8.7	13.9	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	45	20	7.8	10.6	4.8	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	4.8	5.6	4.1	87,195	51,295	35,900	2.6	3.1	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	45	0	6.0	10.6	0.0	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	3.9	6.6	1.3	208,090	180,830	27,260	6.2	10.8	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	190	70	125	22.8	16.5	30.1	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	18.8	16.4	21.2	612,690	250,540	362,145	18.2	14.9	21.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0	896,755	372,560	524,195	3.0	2.5	3.4	106,840	42,105	64,735	3.2	2.5	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	125	45	80	15.0	10.6	19.3	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	26.7	24.8	28.5	865,370	392,625	472,745	25.6	23.4	27.8
Bachelor's degree	95	30	60	11.4	7.1	14.5	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	17.5	15.7	19.1	605,025	265,105	339,925	17.9	15.8	20.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	556,510	243,200	313,310	1.8	1.6	2.0	44,915	19,815	25,100	1.3	1.2	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0	214,105	108,000	106,105	0.7	0.7	0.7	23,880	12,100	11,775	0.7	0.7	0.7
Master's degree	25	0	25	3.0	0.0	6.0	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	5.7	5.5	5.9	164,245	79,220	85,025	4.9	4.7	5.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,660	165,795	113,870	0.9	1.1	0.7	27,315	16,385	10,920	0.8	1.0	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	240	215	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,298,160	1,141,780	1,156,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	20	15	7.7	8.3	7.0	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	9.9	11.4	8.4	227,880	126,960	100,920	9.9	11.1	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	120	90	30	26.4	37.5	14.0	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	23.0	24.4	21.6	581,820	298,415	283,405	25.3	26.1	24.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	300	130	165	65.9	54.2	76.7	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	67.1	64.2	70.0	1,488,465	716,410	772,060	64.8	62.7	66.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	100	110	46.2	41.7	51.2	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	34.3	34.7	33.8	774,420	401,065	373,355	33.7	35.1	32.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	60	20	16.5	25.0	9.3	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	9.6	13.3	6.1	220,930	175,185	45,745	9.6	15.3	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	30	15	9.9	12.5	7.0	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	5.4	6.1	4.7	61,815	37,400	24,415	2.7	3.3	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	25	0	5.5	10.4	0.0	836,220	693,830	142,395	4.3	7.2	1.4	159,110	137,785	21,330	6.9	12.1	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	40	90	27.5	16.7	41.9	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	21.4	18.7	24.1	472,155	193,510	278,645	20.5	16.9	24.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0	623,090	261,035	362,050	3.2	2.7	3.6	81,335	32,370	48,965	3.5	2.8	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	85	30	55	18.7	12.5	25.6	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	32.9	29.5	36.1	714,040	315,340	398,700	31.1	27.6	34.5
Bachelor's degree	70	20	50	15.4	8.3	23.3	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	21.3	18.8	23.8	497,885	213,625	284,260	21.7	18.7	24.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	430,875	179,230	251,645	2.2	1.9	2.5	35,125	15,110	20,020	1.5	1.3	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	2.2	4.2	0.0	167,730	75,120	92,615	0.9	0.8	0.9	20,045	9,435	10,615	0.9	0.8	0.9
Master's degree	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.7	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	7.4	6.9	7.9	139,935	65,290	74,645	6.1	5.7	6.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	209,445	115,530	93,915	1.1	1.2	0.9	21,050	11,880	9,165	0.9	1.0	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	835	425	410	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	395	220	175	47.3	51.8	42.7	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	42.8	44.1	41.6	1,494,945	758,460	736,490	44.3	45.3	43.3
Education	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5	129,710	30,305	99,400	3.8	1.8	5.8
13. Education	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5	129,710	30,305	99,400	3.8	1.8	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	631,255	274,065	357,190	2.1	1.8	2.3	49,820	20,045	29,775	1.5	1.2	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0.2	0.4	0.1	5,805	4,125	1,675	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	556,470	220,680	335,790	1.8	1.5	2.2	44,015	15,915	28,100	1.3	0.9	1.7
Humanities	40	20	15	4.8	4.7	3.7	926,560	354,120	572,440	3.1	2.4	3.7	75,030	29,415	45,615	2.2	1.8	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0.4	0.2	0.5	7,385	1,545	5,845	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.4	184,600	53,020	131,580	0.6	0.4	0.9	15,425	4,255	11,170	0.5	0.3	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	316,050	119,215	196,830	1.0	0.8	1.3	24,015	8,710	15,315	0.7	0.5	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,165	400	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,745	33,040	24,700	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,555	3,090	2,465	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0.3	0.3	0.2	11,680	6,855	4,830	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	15	10	0	1.8	2.4	0.0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0.4	0.4	0.3	8,065	4,165	3,895	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,440	14,090	42,345	0.2	0.1	0.3	1,735	400	1,335	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	25	3.6	0.0	6.1	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	6.6	4.5	8.7	177,435	57,365	120,070	5.3	3.4	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,750	620	2,130	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	233,400	88,205	145,200	0.8	0.6	0.9	21,730	8,340	13,395	0.6	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4	344,150	27,905	316,240	1.1	0.2	2.0	29,220	2,090	27,125	0.9	0.1	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325,785	115,335	210,445	1.1	0.8	1.4	31,215	10,250	20,965	0.9	0.6	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0.2	0.1	0.2	3,045	1,025	2,015	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	327,965	79,295	248,665	1.1	0.5	1.6	31,925	7,565	24,355	0.9	0.5	1.4
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4	705,540	336,960	368,580	2.3	2.3	2.4	57,565	27,475	30,085	1.7	1.6	1.8
Business, management and public administration	55	0	55	6.6	0.0	13.4	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	12.4	10.0	14.7	390,110	151,140	238,975	11.6	9.0	14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	160	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	272,240	55,995	216,245	0.9	0.4	1.4	23,375	4,465	18,910	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	0	45	6.6	0.0	11.0	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	11.5	9.6	13.2	366,120	146,520	219,605	10.8	8.7	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	15	1.8	0.0	3.7	719,715	353,540	366,175	2.4	2.4	2.4	80,425	40,180	40,245	2.4	2.4	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4	297,055	121,615	175,435	1.0	0.8	1.1	29,505	11,950	17,555	0.9	0.7	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155,955	72,245	83,705	0.5	0.5	0.5	18,630	8,340	10,295	0.6	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,115	400	715	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,620	130,745	65,875	0.6	0.9	0.4	26,315	17,555	8,760	0.8	1.0	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,860	1,930	2,930	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	804,230	531,435	272,795	2.7	3.6	1.8	71,380	45,230	26,150	2.1	2.7	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.7	643,145	454,370	188,775	2.1	3.1	1.2	58,030	39,530	18,500	1.7	2.4	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0.1	0.0	0.2	4,400	600	3,800	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0.3	0.4	0.3	7,770	4,330	3,435	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,190	765	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	100	95	10	12.0	22.4	2.4	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	11.6	21.1	2.4	461,075	411,075	49,995	13.7	24.5	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0.4	0.6	0.3	12,095	7,465	4,625	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	900,475	723,080	177,395	3.0	4.9	1.1	114,735	92,365	22,370	3.4	5.5	1.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	1.8	3.5	0.0	726,155	638,355	87,800	2.4	4.3	0.6	106,575	91,350	15,225	3.2	5.5	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	190	390	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	3.0	5.9	0.0	703,905	683,060	20,845	2.3	4.6	0.1	95,890	92,650	3,240	2.8	5.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	4.2	7.1	0.0	659,480	640,895	18,590	2.2	4.3	0.1	82,805	80,150	2,655	2.5	4.8	0.2
48. Precision production	20	20	0	2.4	4.7	0.0	380,505	363,710	16,795	1.3	2.4	0.1	48,925	47,075	1,850	1.4	2.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	25	15	4.8	5.9	3.7	407,545	234,360	173,175	1.3	1.6	1.1	51,710	28,660	23,055	1.5	1.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	3.0	3.5	3.7	262,580	140,520	122,070	0.9	0.9	0.8	35,010	19,075	15,935	1.0	1.1	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	1.8	2.4	0.0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0.5	0.6	0.3	16,700	9,575	7,120	0.5	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	45	10	35	5.4	2.4	8.5	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	8.1	3.3	12.7	295,415	56,225	239,190	8.8	3.4	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180,785	89,005	91,780	0.6	0.6	0.6	20,505	9,625	10,885	0.6	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	35	4.8	2.4	8.5	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	7.2	2.4	11.9	267,750	42,785	224,965	7.9	2.6	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	180	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,030	34,630	29,400	0.2	0.2	0.2	6,680	3,635	3,050	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	25	30	6.6	5.9	7.3	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	3.3	3.5	3.1	97,660	47,575	50,075	2.9	2.8	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25	3.0	0.0	6.1	548,520	151,115	397,410	1.8	1.0	2.6	57,430	15,580	41,845	1.7	0.9	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,965	3,520	445	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	335	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,900	6,210	690	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	605	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0.8	1.1	0.4	19,025	12,445	6,580	0.6	0.7	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	1.8	3.5	0.0	219,205	199,190	20,010	0.7	1.3	0.1	20,125	18,615	1,520	0.6	1.1	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	190	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	455	240	215	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,298,165	1,141,775	1,156,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	160	110	45	35.2	45.8	20.9	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0	809,700	425,375	384,325	35.2	37.3	33.2
Education	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9	92,240	19,980	72,255	4.0	1.7	6.2
13. Education	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9	92,240	19,980	72,255	4.0	1.7	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490,455	210,500	279,955	2.5	2.2	2.8	39,730	15,620	24,110	1.7	1.4	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0.3	0.4	0.2	4,065	2,750	1,315	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	435,815	172,330	263,480	2.2	1.8	2.6	35,665	12,875	22,790	1.6	1.1	2.0
Humanities	30	15	15	6.6	6.3	7.0	649,695	241,235	408,465	3.3	2.5	4.1	58,200	22,205	35,990	2.5	1.9	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0.4	0.2	0.6	5,945	1,210	4,740	0.3	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.7	134,815	37,610	97,210	0.7	0.4	1.0	12,145	3,310	8,825	0.5	0.3	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	216,725	80,505	136,220	1.1	0.8	1.4	19,305	6,800	12,500	0.8	0.6	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0.1	0.0	0.1	890	295	590	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,640	23,645	17,990	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,385	2,430	1,950	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0.2	0.3	0.2	8,135	4,740	3,395	0.4	0.4	0.3
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0.4	0.4	0.4	6,205	3,160	3,040	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,045	8,490	28,555	0.2	0.1	0.3	1,190	250	940	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	4.4	0.0	9.3	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	8.1	5.2	10.9	146,530	45,555	100,975	6.4	4.0	8.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0.1	0.1	0.2	2,315	515	1,800	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	196,475	72,125	124,350	1.0	0.7	1.3	18,890	6,940	11,950	0.8	0.6	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270,970	20,095	250,875	1.4	0.2	2.5	23,325	1,630	21,690	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	261,265	82,850	178,420	1.3	0.9	1.8	25,940	7,730	18,210	1.1	0.7	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0.2	0.1	0.3	2,545	825	1,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	249,205	55,840	193,365	1.3	0.6	1.9	25,775	5,750	20,025	1.1	0.5	1.7
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	549,090	254,250	294,840	2.8	2.6	3.0	47,735	22,165	25,570	2.1	1.9	2.2
Business, management and public administration	45	0	45	9.9	0.0	20.9	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	15.0	11.9	18.1	317,125	121,510	195,615	13.8	10.6	16.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	135	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	213,140	40,230	172,910	1.1	0.4	1.7	18,680	3,200	15,480	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	0	40	8.8	0.0	18.6	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	13.9	11.4	16.3	297,995	118,175	179,820	13.0	10.4	15.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.7	513,555	241,780	271,785	2.6	2.5	2.7	61,555	29,465	32,090	2.7	2.6	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	227,460	90,390	137,075	1.2	0.9	1.4	23,290	9,185	14,105	1.0	0.8	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	108,350	48,075	60,280	0.6	0.5	0.6	14,260	6,255	8,010	0.6	0.5	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0.1	0.1	0.1	900	315	580	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140,510	88,540	51,970	0.7	0.9	0.5	19,655	12,320	7,335	0.9	1.1	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,445	1,385	2,055	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	7.0	667,305	445,970	221,330	3.4	4.6	2.2	61,125	39,035	22,085	2.7	3.4	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	7.0	554,185	392,835	161,350	2.8	4.1	1.6	51,435	34,910	16,530	2.2	3.1	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0.1	0.0	0.2	2,945	460	2,490	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,940	39,000	31,940	0.4	0.4	0.3	5,775	3,080	2,700	0.3	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0.1	0.1	0.1	965	590	370	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	60	10	14.3	25.0	4.7	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	13.3	23.8	3.2	362,315	318,170	44,135	15.8	27.9	3.8
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0.5	0.6	0.4	9,600	5,585	4,020	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	724,235	568,385	155,850	3.7	5.9	1.6	95,200	75,075	20,125	4.1	6.6	1.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	536,600	464,510	72,090	2.7	4.8	0.7	84,485	71,240	13,245	3.7	6.2	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	160	350	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	3.3	6.3	0.0	510,105	493,000	17,100	2.6	5.1	0.2	73,955	71,080	2,875	3.2	6.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	25	0	6.6	10.4	0.0	467,225	452,385	14,840	2.4	4.7	0.1	61,780	59,485	2,290	2.7	5.2	0.2
48. Precision production	15	15	0	3.3	6.3	0.0	266,690	253,110	13,585	1.4	2.6	0.1	37,260	35,705	1,555	1.6	3.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	7.7	10.4	4.7	314,120	170,440	143,680	1.6	1.8	1.4	40,085	20,610	19,475	1.7	1.8	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	15	10	4.4	6.3	4.7	199,335	99,700	99,635	1.0	1.0	1.0	26,160	12,965	13,205	1.1	1.1	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	3.3	4.2	0.0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0.6	0.7	0.4	13,925	7,650	6,275	0.6	0.7	0.5
Health and related fields	25	10	15	5.5	4.2	7.0	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	9.4	3.9	14.8	232,820	45,895	186,920	10.1	4.0	16.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	139,280	67,885	71,385	0.7	0.7	0.7	16,345	7,640	8,705	0.7	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	10	15	3.3	4.2	7.0	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	8.4	2.9	13.8	210,650	35,325	175,320	9.2	3.1	15.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	945	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	145	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,115	23,255	24,860	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,430	2,785	2,645	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	25	25	9.9	10.4	11.6	772,450	399,835	372,615	3.9	4.2	3.7	76,410	38,205	38,205	3.3	3.3	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	20	4.4	0.0	9.3	414,520	112,935	301,590	2.1	1.2	3.0	43,535	12,080	31,455	1.9	1.1	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,955	2,575	375	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	275	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,850	3,415	435	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	390	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0.9	1.3	0.6	15,885	10,385	5,505	0.7	0.9	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	4.4	8.3	0.0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0.9	1.6	0.2	16,245	15,080	1,165	0.7	1.3	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	145	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	455	240	215	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,298,165	1,141,775	1,156,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	110	45	35.2	45.8	20.9	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0	809,700	425,375	384,325	35.2	37.3	33.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	295	135	170	64.8	56.3	79.1	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	67.1	64.2	70.0	1,488,465	716,405	772,060	64.8	62.7	66.8
Location of study inside Canada	285	125	160	62.6	52.1	74.4	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	53.6	51.2	55.9	1,157,790	563,035	594,750	50.4	49.3	51.4
Same as province or territory of residence	145	70	80	31.9	29.2	37.2	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	47.3	44.9	49.5	886,080	429,870	456,210	38.6	37.6	39.5
Different than province or territory of residence	145	55	80	31.9	22.9	37.2	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	6.3	6.3	6.4	271,710	133,165	138,545	11.8	11.7	12.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	10	10	0	2.2	4.2	0.0	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	13.5	13.0	14.0	330,675	153,370	177,305	14.4	13.4	15.3
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	483,810	238,040	245,775	2.5	2.5	2.5	54,515	26,775	27,740	2.4	2.3	2.4
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	279,005	143,575	135,435	1.4	1.5	1.4	34,460	17,900	16,555	1.5	1.6	1.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,820	2,255	2,565	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	300	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0.1	0.1	0.0	190	125	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,470	665	805	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,480	1,000	1,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0.2	0.1	0.2	3,200	1,335	1,865	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	220	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,395	995	1,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,235	1,975	2,265	0.2	0.2	0.2
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	543,725	281,205	262,520	2.8	2.9	2.6	54,920	28,570	26,350	2.4	2.5	2.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	320	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0.5	0.6	0.4	2,005	1,045	960	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,195	1,670	1,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0.1	0.1	0.0	2,110	1,215	890	0.1	0.1	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	515	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	310	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	445	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,150	1,350	1,805	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,790	1,455	1,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,450	1,515	1,935	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,305	1,940	2,365	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,865	1,115	750	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	151,900	81,980	69,920	0.8	0.9	0.7	20,280	11,190	9,090	0.9	1.0	0.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	375	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0.0	0.1	0.0	660	360	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	365	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0.3	0.3	0.3	6,550	3,385	3,165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	216,815	111,010	105,805	1.1	1.2	1.1	26,775	13,770	13,005	1.2	1.2	1.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,795	3,825	3,970	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0.2	0.2	0.2	670	345	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,085	615	475	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0.1	0.1	0.1	505	305	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,255	15,145	15,115	0.2	0.2	0.2	3,230	1,665	1,565	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,660	1,885	1,770	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,700	33,325	31,385	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,830	5,130	4,700	0.4	0.4	0.4
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	6.9	6.2	7.6	188,060	80,750	107,315	8.2	7.1	9.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0.3	0.3	0.4	3,440	1,605	1,835	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,435	730	705	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0.1	0.1	0.1	655	350	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,500	695	805	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,370	700	660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0.1	0.1	0.1	895	540	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	201,100	87,370	113,720	1.0	0.9	1.1	17,320	7,525	9,795	0.8	0.7	0.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0.1	0.0	0.1	960	245	715	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,245	425	820	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,935	530	1,405	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0.3	0.2	0.3	6,990	2,990	4,000	0.3	0.3	0.3
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305,795	115,370	190,420	1.6	1.2	1.9	74,205	29,080	45,130	3.2	2.5	3.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,500	545	955	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,470	990	1,490	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,280	685	595	0.1	0.1	0.1
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405,850	199,380	206,475	2.1	2.1	2.1	52,120	24,905	27,215	2.3	2.2	2.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0.4	0.4	0.4	10,355	4,710	5,645	0.5	0.4	0.5
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,385	28,650	35,735	0.3	0.3	0.4	8,390	3,510	4,885	0.4	0.3	0.4
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0.2	0.3	0.2	6,410	3,505	2,905	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,880	2,560	2,320	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	680	425	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	930	730	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	265	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	835	425	415	...	...	...	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	...	...	...	3,375,135	1,675,855	1,699,280	...	...	...
In the labour force	505	280	230	...	...	...	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	...	...	...	2,295,380	1,215,955	1,079,425	...	...	...
Employed	460	250	210	...	...	...	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	...	...	...	2,030,730	1,077,590	953,135	...	...	...
Unemployed	45	30	15	...	...	...	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	...	...	...	264,650	138,365	126,290	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	330	145	185	...	...	...	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	...	...	...	1,079,750	459,900	619,845	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.5	65.9	55.4	60.5	65.9	55.4	63.7	67.7	59.8	63.7	67.7	59.8	68.0	72.6	63.5	68.0	72.6	63.5
Employment rate	55.1	58.8	50.6	55.1	58.8	50.6	57.1	60.9	53.4	57.1	60.9	53.4	60.2	64.3	56.1	60.2	64.3	56.1
Unemployment rate	8.9	10.7	6.5	8.9	10.7	6.5	10.3	9.9	10.7	10.3	9.9	10.7	11.5	11.4	11.7	11.5	11.4	11.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	835	425	410	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,375,130	1,675,855	1,699,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	340	160	180	40.7	37.6	43.9	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	36.7	32.9	40.4	1,140,745	497,150	643,595	33.8	29.7	37.9
Worked	500	270	235	59.9	63.5	57.3	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	63.3	67.1	59.6	2,234,385	1,178,705	1,055,680	66.2	70.3	62.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	300	180	120	35.9	42.4	29.3	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	33.7	38.3	29.3	1,164,455	670,620	493,835	34.5	40.0	29.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	205	95	115	24.6	22.4	28.0	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	29.6	28.8	30.3	1,069,930	508,085	561,840	31.7	30.3	33.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.6	40.8	41.7	42.6	40.8	41.0	41.7	40.3	41.0	41.7	40.3	40.8	41.5	39.9	40.8	41.5	39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	505	285	225	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,295,380	1,215,955	1,079,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	2.0	3.5	0.0	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	70,455	34,850	35,605	3.1	2.9	3.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	495	275	225	98.0	96.5	100.0	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,224,920	1,181,100	1,043,820	96.9	97.1	96.7
Employee	395	205	195	78.2	71.9	86.7	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	83.4	80.9	86.1	1,876,950	967,450	909,500	81.8	79.6	84.3
Permanent position	320	155	165	63.4	54.4	73.3	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	69.6	68.3	70.9	1,560,435	814,805	745,625	68.0	67.0	69.1
Temporary position	80	45	30	15.8	15.8	13.3	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	13.8	12.7	15.1	316,520	152,640	163,880	13.8	12.6	15.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	867,740	386,965	480,775	4.5	3.8	5.2	97,610	44,060	53,555	4.3	3.6	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	75	45	30	14.9	15.8	13.3	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	9.3	8.8	9.9	218,905	108,585	110,320	9.5	8.9	10.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	105	65	35	20.8	22.8	15.6	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	14.1	16.7	11.2	347,975	213,655	134,320	15.2	17.6	12.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	505	285	225	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,295,380	1,215,955	1,079,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	2.0	3.5	0.0	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	70,455	34,850	35,605	3.1	2.9	3.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	495	275	225	98.0	96.5	100.0	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,224,920	1,181,100	1,043,820	96.9	97.1	96.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	254,760	177,450	77,315	1.3	1.8	0.8	23,120	16,455	6,665	1.0	1.4	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	30	45	13.9	10.5	20.0	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	17.1	10.6	24.2	373,795	110,275	263,520	16.3	9.1	24.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	10	10	4.0	3.5	4.4	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	8.2	11.9	4.2	182,880	140,540	42,340	8.0	11.6	3.9
3 Health occupations	35	10	25	6.9	3.5	11.1	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	7.8	3.0	13.0	182,480	34,585	147,895	7.9	2.8	13.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	20	35	11.9	7.0	15.6	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	12.0	7.5	17.0	246,625	82,115	164,510	10.7	6.8	15.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	15	5.0	5.3	6.7	596,785	275,420	321,360	3.1	2.7	3.5	51,815	21,140	30,675	2.3	1.7	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	120	55	65	23.8	19.3	28.9	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	23.9	20.6	27.5	538,930	232,640	306,285	23.5	19.1	28.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	80	80	0	15.8	28.1	0.0	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	16.8	29.3	3.1	441,955	399,605	42,345	19.3	32.9	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	45	15	11.9	15.8	6.7	541,235	416,960	124,270	2.8	4.1	1.3	99,430	77,250	22,180	4.3	6.4	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	10	10	5.0	3.5	4.4	857,540	612,415	245,120	4.4	6.1	2.6	83,895	66,480	17,415	3.7	5.5	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	505	285	225	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,295,380	1,215,955	1,079,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	2.0	3.5	0.0	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7	70,455	34,850	35,605	3.1	2.9	3.3
All industries¹⁹¹	495	275	225	98.0	96.5	100.0	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3	2,224,920	1,181,100	1,043,820	96.9	97.1	96.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	45	20	12.9	15.8	8.9	434,800	295,160	139,640	2.3	2.9	1.5	63,965	42,305	21,665	2.8	3.5	2.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	239,030	195,605	43,425	1.2	1.9	0.5	112,890	88,690	24,200	4.9	7.3	2.2
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	147,750	109,475	38,270	0.8	1.1	0.4	22,630	15,900	6,735	1.0	1.3	0.6
23 Construction	25	25	0	5.0	8.8	0.0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	7.6	12.6	2.2	210,350	177,845	32,505	9.2	14.6	3.0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	20	0	4.0	7.0	0.0	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	8.0	10.9	4.8	118,890	88,735	30,155	5.2	7.3	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	15	5.0	5.3	6.7	610,295	406,960	203,335	3.2	4.0	2.2	71,580	50,655	20,930	3.1	4.2	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	50	35	15	9.9	12.3	6.7	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	11.1	10.2	12.1	253,030	117,605	135,425	11.0	9.7	12.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	3.0	5.3	0.0	981,030	742,515	238,515	5.1	7.4	2.6	128,410	96,000	32,410	5.6	7.9	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400,460	237,940	162,520	2.1	2.4	1.8	28,680	16,625	12,055	1.2	1.4	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	2.0	0.0	4.4	815,225	358,145	457,080	4.2	3.6	4.9	68,355	27,225	41,135	3.0	2.2	3.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	343,940	186,230	157,710	1.8	1.9	1.7	39,400	21,625	17,775	1.7	1.8	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	0	15	4.0	0.0	6.7	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	8.1	8.7	7.5	177,895	99,055	78,840	7.8	8.1	7.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0.2	0.2	0.3	4,420	2,075	2,345	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	10	0	4.0	3.5	0.0	792,600	457,880	334,725	4.1	4.6	3.6	91,750	51,325	40,430	4.0	4.2	3.7
61 Educational services	35	10	20	6.9	3.5	8.9	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	7.3	4.3	10.6	149,170	43,775	105,400	6.5	3.6	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	60	20	40	11.9	7.0	17.8	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	12.7	4.7	21.4	285,090	51,930	233,155	12.4	4.3	21.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	0	4.0	3.5	0.0	350,710	180,205	170,500	1.8	1.8	1.8	42,685	20,880	21,805	1.9	1.7	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	40	15	20	7.9	5.3	8.9	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	5.6	4.8	6.6	132,930	57,280	75,650	5.8	4.7	7.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	15	10	5.0	5.3	4.4	797,935	373,775	424,165	4.1	3.7	4.6	104,530	50,355	54,175	4.6	4.1	5.0
91 Public administration	60	25	35	11.9	8.8	15.6	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	6.2	6.0	6.4	118,270	61,230	57,040	5.2	5.0	5.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	545	295	250	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,422,110	1,273,895	1,148,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	500	275	225	91.7	93.2	90.0	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	72.4	73.0	71.8	2,319,940	1,223,960	1,095,975	95.8	96.1	95.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	15.3	14.9	15.8	3,840	1,145	2,695	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0.8	0.8	0.8	14,015	7,470	6,545	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	140	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0.8	0.8	0.8	13,770	7,330	6,440	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	35	10	25	6.4	3.4	10.0	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	8.2	8.0	8.3	20,015	8,200	11,815	0.8	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570,220	291,000	279,220	2.8	2.7	2.8	61,830	31,865	29,965	2.6	2.5	2.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0.1	0.1	0.1	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69,340	34,190	35,145	0.3	0.3	0.4	1,550	765	785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0.1	0.1	0.1	885	475	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	545	295	250	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,422,110	1,273,895	1,148,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	540	295	245	99.1	100.0	98.0	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	97.8	97.8	97.8	2,407,485	1,266,360	1,141,120	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	535	290	245	98.2	98.3	98.0	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	96.3	96.3	96.3	2,381,515	1,252,385	1,129,135	98.3	98.3	98.3
English	535	290	245	98.2	98.3	98.0	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	77.0	77.4	76.5	2,374,615	1,250,455	1,124,165	98.0	98.2	97.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	19.3	18.9	19.7	6,900	1,930	4,970	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310,455	161,825	148,635	1.5	1.5	1.5	25,965	13,980	11,990	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1	765	425	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0.1	0.1	0.1	695	400	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	355	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	585	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	355	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	295	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	875	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	435	400	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	430	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	830	755	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	490	385	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	340	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	295	320	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	410	480	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	410	475	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	255	280	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	50	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	291,025	152,095	138,925	1.4	1.4	1.4	25,200	13,555	11,650	1.0	1.1	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	535	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	185	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	70	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	155	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	450	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	315	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	325	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	240	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	70	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	240	340	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,305	500	805	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	215	285	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,275	480	795	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	540	620	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	90	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,065	490	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	185	210	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	170	205	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	140	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,395	64,055	48,335	0.5	0.6	0.5	12,180	7,175	5,010	0.5	0.6	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	170	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	295	235	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0.0	0.0	0.1	780	300	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	15	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.1	780	300	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	55	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	90	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	100	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	485	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	245	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	620	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,025	1,985	1,045	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,555	970	580	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	965	575	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	520	530	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	995	455	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	515	440	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	50	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	420	140	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	245	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	1,275	670	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	695	330	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	445	430	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0.3	0.3	0.2	5,660	3,440	2,220	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0.2	0.3	0.2	5,435	3,340	2,100	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	290	355	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,115	515	600	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	150	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	20	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,630	2,975	1,655	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	80	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	125	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	145	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	95	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	445	360	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	400	195	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0.1	0.2	0.1	2,660	1,415	1,245	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	730	900	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	75	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	375	310	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,420	1,275	1,145	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	70	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,250	630	620	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	210	200	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	95	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	795	1,210	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,590	620	970	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	80	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	110	180	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0.6	0.6	0.6	7,340	3,725	3,615	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0.6	0.6	0.6	7,295	3,700	3,605	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,105	1,570	1,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	210	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0.2	0.2	0.3	4,145	2,095	2,050	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	240	220	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	175	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	40	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	85	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	310	450	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	65	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	55	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	695	650	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	115	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	660	615	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	115	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	215	270	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	25	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	160	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	453,880	231,205	222,675	2.2	2.2	2.2	14,630	7,530	7,100	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	321,975	163,305	158,675	1.6	1.5	1.6	2,560	1,105	1,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115,955	60,210	55,745	0.6	0.6	0.6	11,695	6,245	5,440	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	545	295	250	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,422,110	1,273,895	1,148,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	505	275	225	92.7	93.2	90.0	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	90.6	90.8	90.5	2,350,940	1,239,355	1,111,590	97.1	97.3	96.8
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	902,625	474,755	427,875	4.4	4.4	4.3	13,200	6,355	6,840	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	35	10	20	6.4	3.4	8.0	589,755	288,955	300,800	2.9	2.7	3.0	14,630	6,410	8,215	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	331,375	168,035	163,335	1.6	1.6	1.6	36,335	18,310	18,025	1.5	1.4	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,125	865	1,255	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	313,185	160,295	152,885	1.5	1.5	1.5	34,210	17,445	16,765	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0.2	0.1	0.2	1,080	540	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,125	565	560	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	210	150	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0.2	0.2	0.3	4,760	2,335	2,420	0.2	0.2	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	465	250	215	100.0	100.0	100.0	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,030,730	1,077,590	953,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	140	60	80	30.1	24.0	37.2	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	24.3	22.1	26.8	446,315	211,420	234,900	22.0	19.6	24.6
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0.3	0.4	0.2	5,430	4,105	1,330	0.3	0.4	0.1
No fixed workplace address	55	35	25	11.8	14.0	11.6	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	12.7	18.3	6.6	319,675	242,835	76,845	15.7	22.5	8.1
Usual place of work	265	155	110	57.0	62.0	51.2	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	62.6	59.1	66.4	1,259,305	619,240	640,065	62.0	57.5	67.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	265	155	110	100.0	100.0	100.0	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,259,305	619,240	640,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	30	30	20.8	19.4	27.3	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	59.0	55.5	62.4	902,040	419,240	482,800	71.6	67.7	75.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	145	70	65	54.7	45.2	59.1	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	21.6	22.1	21.1	292,360	157,820	134,535	23.2	25.5	21.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	18.5	21.3	15.8	52,590	34,120	18,470	4.2	5.5	2.9
Commute to a different province or territory	60	50	10	22.6	32.3	9.1	98,060	60,210	37,850	0.9	1.1	0.7	12,315	8,060	4,260	1.0	1.3	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	320	190	130	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,578,980	862,070	716,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	300	175	125	93.8	92.1	96.2	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	83.9	86.4	81.1	1,378,685	765,905	612,775	87.3	88.8	85.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	285	170	115	89.1	89.5	88.5	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	77.5	81.5	72.8	1,287,940	730,925	557,015	81.6	84.8	77.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	3.1	0.0	7.7	844,155	343,100	501,050	6.5	4.9	8.3	90,740	34,980	55,760	5.7	4.1	7.8
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	7.7	6.0	9.6	88,255	39,915	48,345	5.6	4.6	6.7
Walked	15	10	0	4.7	5.3	0.0	672,815	296,610	376,205	5.2	4.2	6.2	62,810	27,445	35,360	4.0	3.2	4.9
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,615	92,195	46,415	1.1	1.3	0.8	11,370	7,975	3,395	0.7	0.9	0.5
Other method	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285,820	144,225	141,595	2.2	2.1	2.3	37,865	20,820	17,040	2.4	2.4	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	320	190	130	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,578,980	862,070	716,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	95	55	40	29.7	28.9	30.8	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	32.0	28.4	36.2	487,710	225,360	262,355	30.9	26.1	36.6
15 to 29 minutes	120	60	60	37.5	31.6	46.2	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	34.8	34.5	35.3	610,485	333,105	277,385	38.7	38.6	38.7
30 to 44 minutes	65	50	20	20.3	26.3	15.4	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	19.1	20.8	17.0	302,735	184,370	118,365	19.2	21.4	16.5
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	0	4.7	5.3	0.0	910,610	542,485	368,125	7.0	7.7	6.1	87,230	55,475	31,755	5.5	6.4	4.4
60 minutes and over	25	15	10	7.8	7.9	7.7	926,120	599,115	327,005	7.1	8.5	5.4	90,815	63,765	27,050	5.8	7.4	3.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	320	190	130	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,578,980	862,070	716,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	15	10	7.8	7.9	7.7	938,820	701,960	236,865	7.2	10.0	3.9	116,400	88,060	28,340	7.4	10.2	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	50	15	30	15.6	7.9	23.1	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	17.4	20.9	13.4	296,930	194,765	102,165	18.8	22.6	14.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	100	70	30	31.3	36.8	23.1	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	26.3	25.3	27.5	424,170	228,535	195,630	26.9	26.5	27.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	50	20	21.9	26.3	15.4	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	20.8	16.9	25.2	299,145	134,910	164,240	18.9	15.6	22.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	10	6.3	0.0	7.7	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	12.7	10.6	15.3	195,835	83,185	112,655	12.4	9.6	15.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	65	40	25	20.3	21.1	19.2	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	15.5	16.3	14.7	246,495	132,620	113,880	15.6	15.4	15.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	180	95	85	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	971,390	499,245	472,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	15	5	11.1	15.8	5.9	897,205	456,120	441,085	12.2	12.1	12.4	67,140	34,000	33,140	6.9	6.8	7.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	85	75	88.9	89.5	88.2	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	87.8	87.9	87.6	904,245	465,240	439,005	93.1	93.2	93.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	145	80	65	100.0	100.0	100.0	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	100.0	100.0	100.0	704,490	362,400	342,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	10.3	12.5	7.7	682,190	346,420	335,770	12.7	12.5	12.9	49,735	25,180	24,555	7.1	6.9	7.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	5	6.9	0.0	7.7	467,685	234,475	233,215	8.7	8.5	8.9	24,675	12,010	12,665	3.5	3.3	3.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	10	0	6.9	12.5	0.0	214,500	111,950	102,550	4.0	4.1	3.9	25,055	13,170	11,890	3.6	3.6	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60	89.7	93.8	92.3	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	87.3	87.5	87.1	654,755	337,220	317,530	92.9	93.1	92.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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