About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :	97-554-XCB2006053
Release date :	May 1, 2008
Topic :	Housing and shelter costs
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Housing affordability (4) Household type (11) Condition of dwelling (4) Household income groups (14) Gross rent (13)

Note

Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2005 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2005 from comparable sources was 1.2% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were slightly higher (1.0%) than the national accounts estimates. This was partially offset by the difference (-7.8%) between the census estimates of aggregate self-employment income from both farm and non-farm self-employment and the adjusted national accounts figures. Overall, estimates of aggregate employment income or earnings were nearly identical (0.3% difference).

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were slightly lower (-1.4%), as they were for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (-0.9%), than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by 6.1%. Census estimates of aggregate child benefits were 2.0% higher than the adjusted national accounts estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below (-39.2%) the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by 12.0%. The census estimate of aggregate investment income in 2005 was slightly lower (-2.7%) than the comparable national accounts estimate. This is a significant improvement when compared to previous census comparisons.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (-2.1%) and earners (-1.4%) than SLID estimates. However, due to higher average amounts, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 2.8% higher than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is 2.3% higher. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey. The all-person low income prevalence rates for Canada (excluding the Territories) were almost identical in both sources for the before-tax measure at 15.3% and only slightly higher (0.6 percentage points) in census than SLID for the after-tax rate.

Note: Household universe

The household universe pertains to the person or the group of persons (other than temporary or foreign residents) who occupy a dwelling. Household variables are distinct from dwelling variables, in that the latter ones pertain to dwelling characteristics, not to persons occupying dwellings. For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.

Note: Income suppression

Area suppression is the deletion of all characteristic data for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. Income distributions and related statistics are suppressed if the population in the area, excluding institutional residents, is less than 250 from either the 100% or the 20% database, or if the number of private households is less than 40 from the 20% database.

Tables with income, after-tax income or earnings distributions

Income, after-tax income and earnings distributions have been suppressed where the estimated total number of units (persons, families or households) in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed cells and associated averages, medians and standard errors of average income, average after-tax income or average earnings have been replaced with zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Tables with number and median or average income, after-tax income or earnings

Statistics have been suppressed if the estimated total number of persons (males, females or both sexes) with income, after-tax income or earnings in the reference year is less than 250 persons. All suppressed counts and associated averages and medians have been replaced by zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Note: Non-permanent residents and the census universe

In the 2006 Census, non-permanent residents are defined as people from another country who, at the time of the census, held a Work or Study Permit, or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living in Canada with them. In the 1991, 1996 and 2001 censuses, non-permanent residents also included persons who held a Minister's permit; this was discontinued by Citizenship and Immigration Canada prior to the 2006 Census.

From 1991 on, the Census of Population has enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991, 1996, 2001 or 2006 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the United Nations (UN) recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties, the reluctance to complete a government form or to understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.

For counts of the non-permanent resident population in 1991, 2001 and 2006, please refer to the 2006 Census table 97-557-XCB2006006.

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index Canada Newfoundland and Labrador / Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador St. John's Prince Edward Island / Île-du-Prince-Édouard Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Écosse Halifax New Brunswick / Nouveau-Brunswick Moncton Saint John Quebec / Québec Saguenay Québec Sherbrooke Trois-Rivières Montréal Ontario Ottawa - Gatineau Ottawa - Gatineau (Que. part - Partie Qc) Ottawa - Gatineau (Ont. part - Partie Ont.) Kingston Peterborough Oshawa Toronto Hamilton St. Catharines - Niagara Kitchener Brantford Guelph London Windsor Barrie Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury Thunder Bay Manitoba Winnipeg Saskatchewan Regina Saskatoon Alberta Calgary Edmonton British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique Kelowna Abbotsford Vancouver Victoria Yukon Territory / Territoire du Yukon Northwest Territories / Territoires du Nord-Ouest Nunavut

Housing affordability (4)^{Footnote 1} Total - Housing affordability Spending less than 30% of household income on housing costs Spending 30% or more of household income on housing costs Spending 30% to 99% of household income on housing costs

Household type (11)^{Footnote 2} Total - Household type Family households One family only households Couple family households Without children With children Lone-parent family households Other family households Non-family households One person households Two or more person households

Condition of dwelling (4) Total - Condition of dwelling Regular maintenance only Minor repairs Major repairs

This table details household income groups , housing affordability , gross rent , condition of dwelling and household type for the private households with household income greater than zero, in tenant-occupied private non-farm, non-reserve dwellings in Canada^{Footnote 3}

Household income groups (14)	Gross rent (13)
	Total - Gross rentFootnote 4	Less than $400	$400 to $499	$500 to $599	$600 to $699	$700 to $799	$800 to $899	$900 to $999	$1,000 to $1,199	$1,200 to $1,499	$1,500 or more	Average gross rent $	Median gross rent $
Total - Household income groupsFootnote 5	3,841,815	515,315	421,205	545,440	575,890	474,575	376,030	276,180	312,965	205,375	138,830	728	671
Under $10,000	388,400	121,475	59,285	53,355	44,065	33,450	24,900	15,310	17,480	11,045	8,020	571	517
$10,000 to $19,999	784,610	186,965	140,305	130,585	110,315	74,825	51,515	31,050	29,315	16,565	13,180	595	545
$20,000 to $29,999	643,490	75,825	85,585	117,055	114,440	83,510	58,220	38,705	36,790	20,110	13,255	678	631
$30,000 to $39,999	566,255	45,260	57,845	92,050	101,280	84,080	63,560	43,285	42,425	22,810	13,660	728	683
$40,000 to $49,999	425,825	27,170	32,900	60,630	73,450	64,515	52,725	39,695	40,535	22,260	11,955	769	725
$50,000 to $59,999	309,380	18,470	18,345	36,920	48,255	46,430	40,830	31,375	36,315	21,215	11,225	809	764
$60,000 to $69,999	224,640	12,080	10,730	22,385	33,080	32,700	28,420	24,520	30,955	19,600	10,165	848	800
$70,000 to $79,999	154,015	8,300	6,060	13,095	18,970	20,335	19,660	17,775	24,305	16,800	8,710	887	848
$80,000 to $89,999	104,185	6,005	3,545	7,465	12,190	12,730	12,390	11,740	16,725	13,645	7,745	924	876
$90,000 to $99,999	71,160	4,010	2,375	4,490	7,325	7,970	8,270	7,445	12,065	10,375	6,825	960	908
$100,000 and over	169,845	9,750	4,225	7,410	12,520	14,030	15,535	15,275	26,045	30,955	34,095	1,122	1,035
Average household income $	39,721	25,076	27,083	32,262	36,710	40,296	43,843	47,784	53,309	62,826	80,240	N	N
Median household income $	31,589	16,323	21,021	27,434	31,647	35,216	38,326	42,235	47,414	54,411	58,263	N	N

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-554-XCB2006053.

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Related data

• 2006 Census analysis series:
  Changing Patterns in Canadian Homeownership and Shelter Costs, 2006 Census: Findings
• 2006 Census reference guides and technical reports:
  Housing and Dwelling Characteristics Reference Guide, 2006 Census