2006 Census Topic-based tabulations

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Topic-based tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (684), Mother Tongue (4), Age Groups (8A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data

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General information

Catalogue number :	97-555-XCB2006052
Release date :	October 28, 2008
Topic :	Language
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Age groups (8A) Sex (3) Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (684) Mother tongue (4)

Note

Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2005 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2005 from comparable sources was 1.2% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were slightly higher (1.0%) than the national accounts estimates. This was partially offset by the difference (-7.8%) between the census estimates of aggregate self-employment income from both farm and non-farm self-employment and the adjusted national accounts figures. Overall, estimates of aggregate employment income or earnings were nearly identical (0.3% difference).

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were slightly lower (-1.4%), as they were for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (-0.9%), than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by 6.1%. Census estimates of aggregate child benefits were 2.0% higher than the adjusted national accounts estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below (-39.2%) the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by 12.0%. The census estimate of aggregate investment income in 2005 was slightly lower (-2.7%) than the comparable national accounts estimate. This is a significant improvement when compared to previous census comparisons.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (-2.1%) and earners (-1.4%) than SLID estimates. However, due to higher average amounts, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 2.8% higher than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is 2.3% higher. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey. The all-person low income prevalence rates for Canada (excluding the Territories) were almost identical in both sources for the before-tax measure at 15.3% and only slightly higher (0.6 percentage points) in census than SLID for the after-tax rate.

Note: Data quality - Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux)

When comparing the census results to those of the 2001 Census, it appears that there is some overestimation of persons reporting Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) in British Columbia and, as a result, also at the Canada level. Although it affects a relatively small population, it is best to apply caution when analysing the census data for Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) in these geographies.

For more information on factors that may explain such variances in census data, such as response errors and processing errors, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Appendix B Data quality, sampling and weighting, confidentiality and random rounding.

Note: Broad occupational category A - Management occupations

Census data for occupation groups in Broad occupational category A - Management occupations should be used with caution. Some coding errors were made in assigning the appropriate level of management, e.g., senior manager as opposed to middle manager, and in determining the appropriate area of specialization or activity, e.g., a manager of a health care program in a hospital as opposed to a government manager in health policy administration. Some non-management occupations have also been miscoded to management due to confusion over titles such as program manager and project manager. Data users may wish to use data for management occupations in conjunction with other variables such as Income, Age and Education.

Note: Comparability of 2006 Place of work data

Working at home can be measured in different ways. In the census, the 'Worked at home' category includes persons who live and work at the same physical location, such as farmers, teleworkers and work camp workers. In addition, the 2006 Census Guide instructed persons who worked part of the time at home and part of the time at an employer's address to indicate that they 'Worked at home' if most of their time was spent working at home (e.g., three days out of five).

Other Statistics Canada surveys such as the General Social Survey, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, and the Workplace and Employee Survey also collect information on working at home. However, the survey data are not directly comparable to the census data since the surveys ask respondents whether they did some or all of their paid work at home, whereas the census asks them where they usually worked most of the time. Consequently, census estimates on work at home are lower than survey estimates.

The place-of-work question has remained in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, in 1996, the category 'No fixed workplace address' replaced 'No usual place of work.' In 1996, the census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'No fixed workplace' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'No usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'No fixed workplace address.'

Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.

Note: Definition of Place of work status

Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

Respondent-completed responses:

Worked at home - Persons whose job is located in the same building as their place of residence, persons who live and work on the same farm, building superintendents and teleworkers who spend most of their work week working at home.

Worked outside Canada - Persons who work at a location outside Canada. This can include diplomats, Armed Forces personnel and other persons enumerated abroad. This category also includes recent immigrants who may not currently be employed, but whose job of longest duration since January 1, 2005 was held outside Canada.

No fixed workplace address - Persons who do not go from home to the same workplace location at the beginning of each shift. Such persons include building and landscape contractors, travelling salespersons, independent truck drivers, etc.

Worked at the address specified below - Persons who are not included in the categories described above and who report to the same (usual) workplace location at the beginning of each shift are included here. Respondents are asked to provide the street address, city, town, village, township, municipality or Indian reserve, province or territory and postal code of their workplace. If the full street address was not known, the name of the building or nearest street intersection could be substituted.

Teleworkers who spend less than one-half of their workweek working at their home office are asked to report the full address of their employer. Persons whose workplace location varied, but who reported regularly to an employer's address at the beginning of each shift, are asked to report the full address of the employer.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.

Note: Description of the Profile of official-language groups (Mother tongue)

The Profile of official-language groups gives a statistical overview of official-language groups in Canada for certain geographic areas. For each of these geographic areas, the profile gives counts of official-language populations for characteristics such as home language, knowledge of languages, marital status, ethnic origin, place of birth, period of immigration, mobility status, citizenship, highest certificate, diploma or degree, labour force activity, occupation, industry and income distribution. It is based on data collected from a 20% sample of households at the time of the 2006 Census.

The profile consists of two tables, both containing the same data variables, but differing by the definition of the language groups. In this table, the language groups are defined by the mother tongue of the respondents. The data for each language group are displayed in the columns of the initial view of the table. Characteristics are identified in the rows of the initial view of the table. For example, official-language groups are shown first by legal marital status, next by common-law status, and so on. The age groups and sex are both displayed as a dimension.

Language groups are defined as follows. The category 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language. The category 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language. The category 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language. The 'Total' category includes all of the above, as well as respondents who reported one non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Additional information about this table is available in the Dimension Summary Box of the variable in the column (initial view).

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8A)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for population in Cape Breton, RGM^{Footnote 1}
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (684)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population 15 years and over by legal marital status^{Footnote 3}	85,635	82,850	940	120
Never legally married (single)	27,530	27,040	135	40
Legally married (and not separated)^{Footnote 4}	41,000	39,395	520	65
Separated, but still legally married	3,495	3,365	55	0
Divorced	5,995	5,835	80	10
Widowed	7,615	7,210	145	10
Total population 15 years and over by common-law status^{Footnote 5}	85,635	82,855	935	115
Not in a common-law relationship	80,555	77,940	870	105
In a common-law relationship	5,080	4,915	65	10
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 6}	100,980	97,925	980	135
English only	96,360	94,560	130	25
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	4,445	3,350	845	115
Neither English nor French	175	20	0	0
Total population by first official language spoken^{Footnote 7}	100,980	97,925	975	135
English	99,915	97,925	135	125
French	850	0	845	0
English and French	55	0	0	10
Neither English nor French	155	0	0	0
Official language minority - (number)^{Footnote 8}	880	0	845	0
Official language minority - (percentage)^{Footnote 9}	0.9	0.0	86.7	0.0
Total population by language spoken most often at home^{Footnote 10}	100,980	97,925	975	140
Single responses	100,820	97,870	940	130
English	99,820	97,780	755	125
French	235	40	180	0
Non-official languages	765	50	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan	0	0	0	0
Cree	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux)	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Dogrib	0	0	0	0
Gitksan	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0
Montagnais-Naskapi	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0
North Slave (Hare)	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Shuswap	0	0	0	0
South Slave	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	85	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0
Greek	30	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	25	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	105	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.^{Footnote 11}	180	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other languages^{Footnote 12}	25	20	0	0
Multiple responses	160	55	35	10
English and French	80	35	35	10
English and non-official language	60	20	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Algonquin - Various non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 13}	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan	0	0	0	0
Cree	10	10	0	0
Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux)	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Dogrib	0	0	0	0
Gitksan	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	195	100	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0
Montagnais-Naskapi	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0
North Slave (Hare)	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Shuswap	0	0	0	0
South Slave	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0
Italian	180	60	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	95	10	10
Danish	10	0	0	0
Dutch	155	40	0	0
Flemish	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	170	25	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	175	20	0	0
Russian	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	10	0	0
Greek	80	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	50	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	50	0	0	0
Pashto	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	180	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0
Korean	20	15	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.^{Footnote 14}	195	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other languages^{Footnote 15}	405	295	0	0
Total population by mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 16}	100,240	97,215	965	140
Non-movers	91,980	89,265	850	125
Movers	8,255	7,950	115	10
Non-migrants	6,180	6,040	70	0
Migrants	2,075	1,910	40	10
Internal migrants	1,930	1,805	25	10
Intraprovincial migrants	765	735	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,160	1,070	20	10
External migrants	145	100	10	0
Total population by mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 17}	96,875	93,920	955	130
Non-movers	74,775	72,695	700	105
Movers	22,100	21,220	255	25
Non-migrants	16,160	15,820	120	0
Migrants	5,940	5,400	135	15
Internal migrants	5,550	5,190	125	15
Intraprovincial migrants	2,305	2,175	55	15
Interprovincial migrants	3,245	3,015	70	10
External migrants	385	215	15	0
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 18}	100,980	97,925	975	140
Canadian citizens	100,440	97,585	960	140
Canadian citizens under age 18	19,600	19,300	55	35
Canadian citizens age 18 and over	80,840	78,285	905	105
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 19}	540	340	15	0
Total population by immigrant status and place of birth^{Footnote 20}	100,980	97,925	975	135
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 21}	99,200	96,960	935	140
Born in province of residence	90,135	88,580	545	80
Born outside province of residence	9,060	8,380	390	55
Immigrants^{Footnote 22}	1,655	890	35	0
United States of America	345	330	0	0
Central America	0	0	0	0
Caribbean and Bermuda	30	25	0	0
South America	0	0	0	0
Europe	910	475	20	0
Western Europe	250	85	15	0
Eastern Europe	155	10	0	0
Southern Europe	120	10	0	0
Italy	65	0	0	0
Other Southern Europe	55	0	0	0
Northern Europe	385	375	0	0
United Kingdom	365	355	0	0
Other Northern Europe	20	15	0	0
Africa	55	20	10	0
Western Africa	0	0	0	0
Eastern Africa	10	10	0	0
Northern Africa	10	0	0	0
Central Africa	10	0	0	0
Southern Africa	30	10	0	0
Asia and the Middle East	285	10	0	0
West Central Asia and the Middle East	40	0	0	0
Eastern Asia	125	0	0	0
China, People's Republic of	115	10	0	0
Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region	10	0	0	0
Other Eastern Asia	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asia	15	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Other Southeast Asia	10	0	0	0
Southern Asia	105	10	0	0
India	20	10	0	0
Other Southern Asia	85	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 23}	30	25	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 24}	130	70	0	0
Total recent immigrants by selected places of birth^{Footnote 25}	145	55	0	0
United States of America	25	20	0	0
Central America	10	0	0	0
Caribbean and Bermuda	0	0	0	0
South America	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	0
Western Europe	0	0	0	0
Eastern Europe	0	0	0	0
Southern Europe	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Other Southern Europe	0	0	0	0
Northern Europe	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom	10	10	10	0
Other Northern Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	15	0	0
Western Africa	0	0	0	0
Eastern Africa	10	0	0	0
Northern Africa	10	0	0	0
Central Africa	0	0	0	0
Southern Africa	20	10	0	0
Asia and the Middle East	55	0	0	0
West Central Asia and the Middle East	0	0	0	0
Eastern Asia	10	10	0	0
China, People's Republic of	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Other Eastern Asia	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asia	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Other Southeast Asia	0	0	0	0
Southern Asia	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Other Southern Asia	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 26}	10	0	0	0
Total immigrant population by period of immigration^{Footnote 27}	1,655	895	35	0
Before 1961	580	275	15	0
1961 to 1970	265	185	15	0
1971 to 1980	255	220	0	0
1981 to 1990	210	110	0	0
1991 to 2000	195	50	0	0
1991 to 1995	80	30	0	0
1996 to 2000	115	20	0	0
2001 to 2006^{Footnote 28}	145	50	0	0
Total population 15 years and older by generation status^{Footnote 29}	85,640	82,855	940	115
1st generation^{Footnote 30}	1,805	1,030	40	0
2nd generation^{Footnote 31}	5,460	5,055	30	0
3rd generation or more^{Footnote 32}	78,375	76,765	865	110
Total population by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal identity population^{Footnote 33}	100,980	97,925	980	135
Total Aboriginal identity population^{Footnote 34}	1,055	930	20	0
North American Indian single response^{Footnote 35}	755	640	15	0
Métis single response	180	170	0	0
Inuit single response	45	45	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identity responses	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 36}	70	70	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity population	99,920	96,995	955	135
Total population by Registered Indian status^{Footnote 37}	100,980	97,925	975	140
Registered Indian^{Footnote 38}	580	465	10	0
Not a Registered Indian	100,400	97,460	970	140
Total population 15 years and over by labour force activity^{Footnote 39}	85,635	82,855	935	120
In the labour force^{Footnote 40}	45,635	44,510	420	65
Employed^{Footnote 41}	38,360	37,430	340	55
Unemployed^{Footnote 42}	7,275	7,080	85	0
Not in the labour force^{Footnote 43}	40,000	38,345	515	50
Participation rate^{Footnote 44}	53.3	53.7	44.9	54.2
Employment rate^{Footnote 45}	44.8	45.2	36.4	45.8
Unemployment rate^{Footnote 46}	15.9	15.9	20.2	0.0
Total labour force 15 years and over by class of worker^{Footnote 47}	45,635	44,510	420	65
Class of worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 48}	1,400	1,365	0	0
All classes of worker^{Footnote 49}	44,235	43,145	415	65
Paid workers	42,550	41,555	405	55
Employees	41,845	40,890	395	55
Self-employed (incorporated)	705	665	10	0
Without paid help	150	120	0	0
With paid help	555	545	10	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	1,600	1,520	10	10
Without paid help	900	845	10	0
With paid help	705	680	0	0
Unpaid family workers	85	65	10	0
Total labour force 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006^{Footnote 50}	45,635	44,515	420	65
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 51}	1,400	1,365	10	0
All occupations^{Footnote 52}	44,235	43,145	415	65
A Management occupations	2,890	2,795	25	10
A0 Senior management occupations	175	170	0	0
A1 Specialist managers	585	580	0	0
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	1,200	1,140	15	0
A3 Other managers, n.e.c.	930	905	10	10
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	7,835	7,650	75	20
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	590	565	20	10
B1 Finance and insurance administration occupations	360	350	0	0
B2 Secretaries	860	850	0	0
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	790	760	10	10
B4 Clerical supervisors	350	340	0	0
B5 Clerical occupations	4,880	4,790	45	10
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,740	1,685	20	0
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	390	370	10	0
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,345	1,315	10	0
D Health occupations	3,880	3,750	15	10
D0 Professional occupations in health	500	435	10	0
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	1,400	1,365	10	0
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	1,050	1,015	10	0
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	930	930	0	0
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	3,905	3,785	65	0
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	980	950	20	0
E1 Teachers and professors	1,915	1,835	35	0
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion, n.e.c.	1,005	1,000	0	0
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	735	690	40	0
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	215	210	0	0
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	530	480	40	0
G Sales and service occupations	13,005	12,675	110	15
G0 Sales and service supervisors	445	445	0	0
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	485	480	0	0
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	2,035	1,995	0	0
G3 Cashiers	1,575	1,550	10	0
G4 Chefs and cooks	790	735	0	10
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	695	675	10	10
G6 Occupations in protective services	930	915	10	0
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation, including attendants in recreation and sport	310	310	0	0
G8 Child care and home support workers	1,060	1,040	15	0
G9 Sales and service occupations, n.e.c.	4,665	4,525	45	10
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,405	7,280	60	10
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	260	250	0	0
H1 Construction trades	1,620	1,595	0	10
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	695	670	15	0
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	420	420	0	0
H4 Mechanics	1,165	1,155	10	0
H5 Other trades, n.e.c.	205	200	15	0
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators, including drillers	430	415	10	0
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	1,330	1,310	0	0
H8 Trades helpers, construction and transportation labourers and related occupations	1,265	1,265	0	0
I Occupations unique to primary industry	1,640	1,630	0	0
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture, excluding labourers	170	165	0	0
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction and fishing, excluding labourers	930	925	0	0
I2 Primary production labourers	540	540	0	0
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,205	1,205	0	0
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	95	95	0	0
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	570	570	0	0
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	190	190	0	0
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	350	355	0	0
Total labour force 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System 2002^{Footnote 53}	45,635	44,515	420	65
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 54}	1,400	1,365	0	0
All industries^{Footnote 55}	44,235	43,145	415	65
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,165	1,155	0	0
21 Mining and oil and gas extraction	535	525	0	0
22 Utilities	500	490	0	0
23 Construction	3,335	3,260	25	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,965	1,950	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	870	860	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,235	6,135	30	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,870	1,850	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	835	825	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	855	850	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	415	415	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,405	2,330	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,300	3,245	15	0
61 Educational services	3,450	3,350	45	0
62 Health care and social assistance	7,215	6,990	70	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	925	880	45	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,220	3,065	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,185	2,130	20	0
91 Public administration	2,925	2,805	80	15
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 56}	38,360	37,435	335	60
Usual place of work	32,840	32,020	290	40
In census subdivision of residence	31,165	30,390	285	40
In different census subdivision	1,675	1,630	0	0
In same census division	280	265	0	0
At home	1,505	1,445	25	0
Outside Canada	115	110	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,900	3,850	15	15
Total employed labour force 15 years and over with usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 57}	36,740	35,870	305	60
Car, truck, van, as driver	28,560	27,890	260	35
Car, truck, van, as passenger	4,395	4,320	10	25
Public transit	665	655	0	0
Walked	2,200	2,090	35	0
Bicycle	80	80	0	0
Motorcycle	30	35	0	0
Taxicab	435	435	0	0
Other method	370	365	0	0
Total population 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2005 by language used most often at work^{Footnote 58}	49,330	48,100	475	70
Single responses	49,215	48,015	450	65
English	48,955	47,905	370	60
French	195	105	80	10
Non-official languages	65	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.^{Footnote 59}	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Other languages^{Footnote 60}	35	10	0	0
Multiple responses	115	85	25	0
English and French	95	65	25	0
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent doing unpaid housework^{Footnote 61}	85,640	82,850	935	115
No hours of unpaid housework	11,065	10,705	80	10
Less than 5 hours of unpaid housework	16,790	16,335	135	25
5 to 14 hours of unpaid housework	24,625	24,030	230	25
15 to 29 hours of unpaid housework	17,915	17,260	310	25
30 to 59 hours of unpaid housework	10,610	10,125	135	10
60 hours or more of unpaid housework	4,625	4,400	45	20
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent looking after children, without pay^{Footnote 62}	85,635	82,850	935	120
No hours of unpaid child care	56,940	54,940	705	70
Less than 5 hours of unpaid child care	6,640	6,475	40	10
5 to 14 hours of unpaid child care	6,470	6,285	70	15
15 to 29 hours of unpaid child care	4,490	4,350	45	15
30 to 59 hours of unpaid child care	4,120	3,985	20	0
60 hours or more of unpaid child care	6,975	6,820	50	10
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors^{Footnote 63}	85,635	82,850	935	115
No hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors	66,985	64,790	745	95
Less than 5 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors	9,630	9,340	95	10
5 to 9 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors	4,210	4,085	35	0
10 to 19 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors	2,180	2,130	20	0
20 hours or more of unpaid care or assistance to seniors	2,635	2,505	40	10
Total population 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 64}	85,635	82,850	935	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,855	24,960	300	45
Certificate, diploma or degree	59,785	57,890	635	70
High school certificate or equivalent^{Footnote 65}	20,480	19,905	120	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,000	11,615	170	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma^{Footnote 66}	13,055	12,715	155	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 67}	4,225	4,110	65	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or above^{Footnote 68}	10,035	9,545	130	20
Bachelor's degree	6,390	6,155	65	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,730	1,655	25	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	180	10	0
Master's degree	1,415	1,320	25	0
Earned doctorate	255	225	10	0
Total population 15 years and over with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs, 2000^{Footnote 69}	39,305	37,985	520	50
Education	3,955	3,815	55	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	480	15	0
Humanities	1,695	1,615	35	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,780	2,705	30	0
Business, management and public administration	7,125	6,900	85	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	685	675	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,465	1,415	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,680	10,320	160	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	345	335	0	0
Health, parks, recreation and fitness	6,925	6,655	75	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,150	3,060	35	10
Other fields of study^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Total population 15 years and over with postsecondary qualification by location of study^{Footnote 71}	39,305	37,985	520	50
Inside Canada	38,315	37,210	505	40
Newfoundland and Labrador	400	395	0	0
Prince Edward Island	325	325	0	0
Nova Scotia	34,210	33,405	325	40
New Brunswick	590	560	20	0
Quebec	365	265	85	0
Ontario	1,805	1,670	60	10
Manitoba	60	60	0	0
Saskatchewan	70	65	0	0
Alberta	365	350	0	0
British Columbia	105	105	0	0
Yukon Territory	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	10	0	0	0
Outside Canada	990	775	15	10
Total population by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 72}	100,980	97,925	980	140
Total Aboriginal ancestry population^{Footnote 73}	2,655	2,435	70	10
North American Indian single ancestry	410	290	10	0
North American Indian and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,810	1,720	55	0
Métis single ancestry	20	20	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	150	145	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	205	0	0
Other Aboriginal multiple ancestries^{Footnote 74}	35	35	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry population	98,330	95,485	910	125
Total population by visible minority groups	100,980	97,925	980	140
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 75}	1,745	1,215	25	0
Chinese	220	25	10	0
South Asian^{Footnote 76}	255	55	0	0
Black	975	960	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	15	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 77}	40	10	0	0
Arab	105	80	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 78}	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 79}	15	0	10	0
Multiple visible minority^{Footnote 80}	85	65	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 81}	99,235	96,715	950	135
Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 82}	100,980	97,925	980	140
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 83}	50,855	48,680	490	50
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 84}	50,125	49,240	490	90
Canadian - Total responses	40,990	40,565	285	55
Canadian - Single responses	23,080	22,955	70	20
Canadian - Multiple responses	17,915	17,615	215	35
English - Total responses	26,460	26,175	70	60
English - Single responses	6,175	6,085	10	0
English - Multiple responses	20,285	20,085	65	55
French - Total responses	19,300	18,320	785	100
French - Single responses	2,485	2,115	350	15
French - Multiple responses	16,820	16,210	430	85
Scottish - Total responses	44,390	44,015	60	55
Scottish - Single responses	12,010	11,865	0	10
Scottish - Multiple responses	32,380	32,150	65	45
Irish - Total responses	22,845	22,630	120	15
Irish - Single responses	2,480	2,460	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	20,360	20,170	120	15
German - Total responses	3,560	3,420	0	0
German - Single responses	325	260	0	0
German - Multiple responses	3,230	3,160	0	0
Italian - Total responses	3,080	2,915	15	0
Italian - Single responses	740	615	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	2,340	2,300	15	0
Chinese - Total responses	220	35	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	190	0	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	30	30	0	0
North American Indian - Total responses	2,250	2,040	70	10
North American Indian - Single responses	410	290	15	0
North American Indian - Multiple responses	1,840	1,750	55	10
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,605	1,490	10	10
Ukrainian - Single responses	280	185	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,325	1,310	10	0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Total responses	1,755	1,610	20	0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Single responses	305	185	0	0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Multiple responses	1,455	1,430	20	0
Polish - Total responses	2,545	2,355	10	0
Polish - Single responses	555	410	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,985	1,940	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	180	80	15	0
East Indian - Single responses	95	0	10	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	85	80	0	0
Russian - Total responses	320	300	0	10
Russian - Single responses	20	20	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	300	285	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,495	1,480	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	90	90	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,405	1,385	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	10	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	325	315	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	40	30	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	285	285	0	0
Portuguese - Total responses	145	130	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	25	10	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	120	120	0	0
Métis - Total responses	205	200	0	10
Métis - Single responses	20	25	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	185	180	0	10
British Isles, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 85}	410	410	0	0
British Isles, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 86}	65	60	0	0
British Isles, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 87}	350	350	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	365	355	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	10	10	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	355	340	0	0
Total income in 2005 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 88}	85,635	82,855	935	120
Without income	4,725	4,625	10	10
With income	80,915	78,230	925	0
Under $1,000^{Footnote 89}	2,635	2,570	10	0
$1,000 to $2,999	2,250	2,220	10	0
$3,000 to $4,999	2,910	2,855	20	0
$5,000 to $6,999	4,200	4,135	10	0
$7,000 to $9,999	6,915	6,725	55	0
$10,000 to $11,999	3,635	3,535	20	0
$12,000 to $14,999	7,025	6,715	100	0
$15,000 to $19,999	10,250	9,910	90	0
$20,000 to $24,999	8,235	7,895	105	0
$25,000 to $29,999	6,810	6,500	120	0
$30,000 to $34,999	5,875	5,690	80	0
$35,000 to $39,999	4,595	4,490	55	0
$40,000 to $44,999	3,405	3,275	45	0
$45,000 to $49,999	2,735	2,645	40	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,850	3,715	75	0
$60,000 and over	5,580	5,350	95	0
Median income $^{Footnote 90}	20,348	20,232	27,219	0
Average income $^{Footnote 91}	26,172	26,011	32,611	0
Standard error of average income $^{Footnote 92}	194	194	1,573	0
Total after-tax income in 2005 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 93}	85,640	82,855	935	115
Without after-tax income	4,715	4,610	10	10
With after-tax income	80,925	78,240	925	0
Under $1,000^{Footnote 94}	2,655	2,590	0	0
$1,000 to $2,999	2,290	2,255	20	0
$3,000 to $4,999	2,930	2,875	20	0
$5,000 to $6,999	4,210	4,140	0	0
$7,000 to $9,999	7,070	6,885	55	0
$10,000 to $11,999	3,920	3,815	20	0
$12,000 to $14,999	7,725	7,410	100	0
$15,000 to $19,999	11,885	11,490	105	0
$20,000 to $24,999	9,405	8,995	150	0
$25,000 to $29,999	8,355	8,035	115	0
$30,000 to $34,999	6,135	5,950	85	0
$35,000 to $39,999	4,470	4,295	65	0
$40,000 to $44,999	2,820	2,715	55	0
$45,000 to $49,999	2,485	2,430	40	0
$50,000 and over	4,560	4,350	80	0
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 95}	18,840	18,752	23,841	0
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 96}	22,440	22,327	27,417	0
Standard error of average after-tax income $^{Footnote 97}	133	134	1,144	0
Total population 15 years and over with employment income^{Footnote 98}	49,645	48,375	520	0
Median employment income in 2005 $	19,058	19,037	20,702	0
Average employment income in 2005 $	25,759	25,560	31,310	0
Standard error of average employment income $	278	274	2,566	0
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 99}	21,210	20,755	165	0
Median employment income in 2005 $	33,251	33,245	49,140	0
Average employment income in 2005 $	38,914	38,764	54,419	0
Standard error of average employment income $	383	383	4,711	0
Worked part year or part time^{Footnote 100}	24,515	23,840	285	0
Median employment income in 2005 $	10,525	10,431	18,498	0
Average employment income in 2005 $	16,940	16,552	23,095	0
Standard error of average employment income $	394	382	2,431	0

Footnotes

Footnote 1

Data quality index showing, for the short census questionnaire (100% data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

Data quality index showing, for the long census questionnaire (20% sample data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Legal marital status
Part A - Plain language definition
A person's conjugal status under the law (e.g., single, married, widowed). Legal marital status data are derived from the responses to Question 4 (Marital status) in the census questionnaires.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person. The various responses are defined as follows:
Never legally married (single) - Persons who have never married (including all persons less than 15 years of age) and persons whose marriage has been annulled and who have not remarried.
Legally married (and not separated) - Persons whose spouse is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained.
Separated, but still legally married - Persons currently married, but who are no longer living with their spouse (for any reason other than illness or work) and have not obtained a divorce.
Divorced - Persons who have obtained a legal divorce and who have not remarried.
Widowed - Persons who have lost their spouse through death and who have not remarried.

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Footnote 4

Since 1996, Aboriginal people married according to traditional customs were instructed to report themselves as legally married.

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In 2006, legally married same-sex couples are included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Common-law status
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who live together as a couple but who are not legally married to each other. These persons can be of the opposite sex or of the same sex.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Knowledge of official languages
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Data on knowledge of official languages
According to studies on data certification, the 2006 Census statistics on knowledge of official languages could underestimate the category 'English and French' and overestimate the category 'French only,' particularly for the francophone population, but also for the whole population in general. More information on the subject is available in the Languages Reference Guide.

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Footnote 7

First official language spoken
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 8

The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories.

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Footnote 9

The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories.

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Footnote 10

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. Data on other languages spoken on a regular basis at home are also collected.

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Footnote 11

The 2006 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' includes responses of 'Chinese' as well as all Chinese languages other than Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka and Shanghainese. Data for the 'Chinese, n.o.s.' category in 2001 and 2006 are not directly comparable. The 2001 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' is equivalent to the sum of the 2006 categories 'Chinese, n.o.s.' and 'Chaochow (Teochow),' 'Fukien,' 'Shanghainese' and 'Taiwanese.'

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix G in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 13

Knowledge of non-official languages
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

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Footnote 16

Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence one year earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility status (1 year ago). Within the category of movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address from the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in one year earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD one year earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada one year earlier (external migrants).

Intraprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one at which they resided one year earlier, in the same province.

Interprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one at which they resided one year earlier, in a different province.

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Footnote 17

Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence five years earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility status (5 years ago). Within the category of movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address from the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in five years earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD five years earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada five years earlier (external migrants).

Intraprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one in which they resided five years earlier, in the same province.

Interprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one in which they resided five years earlier, in a different province.

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Footnote 18

Citizenship
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the legal citizenship status of the respondent. Persons who are citizens of more than one country were instructed to provide the name of the other country(ies).

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless. Prior to the 2006 Census, this category was called 'Citizens of other countries'. The content of the category remains unchanged in 2006 compared with previous censuses.

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Footnote 20

For information on the specific countries included in each regional grouping in this variable, please refer to Appendix J in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 21

Non-immigrants are persons who are Canadian citizens by birth. Although most Canadian citizens by birth were born in Canada, a small number were born outside Canada to Canadian parents.

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Footnote 22

Immigrants are persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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Footnote 23

'Other' includes Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the category 'Other country,' as well as immigrants born in Canada.

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Footnote 24

Non-permanent residents are persons from another country who, at the time of the census, held a Work or Study Permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them in Canada.

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Footnote 25

In this product, recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2001 and Census Day, May 16, 2006.

Immigrants are persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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For information on the specific countries included in each regional grouping in this variable, please refer to Appendix J in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 26

'Other' includes Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the category 'Other country,' as well as immigrants born in Canada.

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Footnote 27

Period of immigration
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to ranges of years based on the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year in which landed immigrant status was first obtained. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 28

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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Footnote 29

Generation status
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the generational status of a person, that is, 1st generation, 2nd generation or 3rd generation or more.

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Footnote 30

Persons born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. Also included in the first generation are a small number of people born outside Canada to parents who are Canadian citizens by birth. In addition, the first generation includes people who are non-permanent residents (defined as people from another country living in Canada on Work or Study Permits or as refugee claimants, and any family members living with them in Canada).

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Footnote 31

Persons born inside Canada with at least one parent born outside Canada. This includes (a) persons born in Canada with both parents born outside Canada and (b) persons born in Canada with one parent born in Canada and one parent born outside Canada (these persons may have grandparents born inside or outside Canada as well).

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Footnote 32

Persons born inside Canada with both parents born inside Canada (these persons may have grandparents born inside or outside Canada as well).

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Footnote 33

Aboriginal identity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.
In 1991 and previous censuses, the Aboriginal population was defined using the ethnic origin question (ancestry). The 1996 Census included a question on the individual's perception of his/her Aboriginal identity.
The question used in the 2006 and 2001 censuses is the same as the one used in 1996.
This is a grouping of the total population into non-Aboriginal or Aboriginal population, with Aboriginal persons further divided into Aboriginal groups, based on their responses to three questions on the 2006 Census form.

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Footnote 34

Included in the Aboriginal identity population are those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.

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Footnote 35

Users should be aware that the counts for this item are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographic area under study. In 2006, a total of 22 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 22 communities are not included in the census counts.

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Footnote 36

Includes those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or band members without identifying themselves as North American Indian, Métis or Inuit in the Aboriginal identity question.

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Footnote 37

Registered or Treaty Indian
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty. Although there was a question in the 1991 Census on registration status, the layout of the 1996 question was somewhat different. In 1991, Question 16 on Registered Indians had two components. In the first part of the question, respondents were asked about their registration status, while the second part of the question dealt with band membership. The question used in 1996 asked only for registration or treaty status, while band membership was dealt with in a separate question.
The wording of the question, starting in 1996, differs slightly from the one in previous censuses. Prior to 1996, the term 'treaty' was not included in the question. It was added in 1996 at the request of individuals from the Western provinces, where the term is more widely used.
The 2006 Census question is the same as the one used in 1996 and 2001.

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Footnote 38

Registered or Treaty Indian: The expression 'Registered Indian' refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty.

The Registered Indian counts in this table may differ from the administrative counts maintained by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, with the most important causes of these differences being the incompletely enumerated Indian reserves and Indian settlements as well as methodological and conceptual differences between the two sources.

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Footnote 39

Labour force activity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006). Respondents were classified as Employed, Unemployed, or Not in the labour force. The labour force includes the employed and the unemployed.

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Footnote 40

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 41

Employed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006): (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment or without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice; (b) were absent from their job or business, with or without pay, for the entire week because of a vacation, an illness, a labour dispute at their place of work, or any other reasons.

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Footnote 42

Unemployed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were without paid work or without self-employment work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for paid work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less.

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Footnote 43

Not in the labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes students, homemakers, retired workers, seasonal workers in an 'off' season who were not looking for work, and persons who could not work because of a long term illness or disability.

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Footnote 44

Participation rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.

Participation rate = Labour force divided by Population 15 years of age and over (excluding institutional residents) X 100

The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

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Footnote 45

Employment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over.

Employment rate = Employed divided by Population 15 years and over (excluding institutional residents) X 100

The employment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

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Footnote 46

Unemployment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the unemployed expressed as a percentage of the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unemployment rate = Unemployed divided by Labour force X 100

The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration.

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Footnote 47

Class of worker
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
This variable classifies persons who reported a job into the following categories:
a. persons who worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions, tips, piece-rates, or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money);
b. persons who worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help, operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership;
c. persons who worked without pay in a family business, farm or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member; unpaid family work does not include unpaid housework, unpaid childcare, unpaid care to seniors and volunteer work.

The job reported was the one held in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006) if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were asked to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 48

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 49

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 50

Occupation (based on the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 [NOC-S 2006])
Part A - Plain language definition
Kind of work done by persons aged 15 and over. Occupation is based on the type of job the person holds and the description of his or her duties. The 2006 Census data on occupation are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). For comparisons with data from the 1991 and 1996 censuses, the variable Occupation (historical) should be used.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.
The 2006 Census occupation data are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). This classification is composed of four levels of aggregation. There are 10 broad occupational categories containing 47 major groups that are further subdivided into 140 minor groups. At the most detailed level, there are 520 occupation unit groups. Occupation unit groups are formed on the basis of the education, training, or skill level required to enter the job, as well as the kind of work performed, as determined by the tasks, duties and responsibilities of the occupation.
For information on the NOC-S 2006, see the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006, Catalogue no. 12-583-XIE.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 51

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 52

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 53

Industry (based on the North American Industry Classification System [NAICS] 2002)
Part A - Plain language definition
General nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2006 Census data on industry (based on the NAICS 2002) can be compared with data from Canada's NAFTA partners (United States and Mexico).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were required to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

The 2006 Census industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2002. The NAICS provides enhanced industry comparability among the three North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners (Canada, United States and Mexico). This classification consists of a systematic and comprehensive arrangement of industries structured into 20 sectors, 103 subsectors and 328 industry groups. The criteria used to create these categories are similarity of input structures, labour skills or production processes used by the establishment. For further information on the classification, see North American Industry Classification System, Canada, 2002, Catalogue no. 12-501-XPE.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 56

Place of work status
Part A - Plain language definition
Classification of people aged 15 or over who worked at some point between January 1, 2005 and May 16, 2006 (Census Day), according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address, or worked at a specific address.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

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Footnote 57

Mode of transportation
Part A - Plain language definition
Main means a person uses to travel between home and place of work (by car, on foot, on public transit, or by some other means).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the mode of transportation to work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. Persons who indicate in the place of work question that they either had no fixed workplace address, or specified a usual workplace address, are asked to identify the mode of transportation they usually use to commute from home to work. The variable usually relates to the individual's job in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

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Footnote 58

Refers to the language used most often at work by the individual at the time of the census. Data on other languages used at work on a regular basis are also collected.

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Footnote 59

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Footnote 60

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Footnote 61

Hours spent doing unpaid housework
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent doing housework, maintaining the house or doing yard work without getting paid for doing so. For example, this includes time spent preparing meals, mowing the lawn, or cleaning the house, for oneself or for relatives, friends or neighbours. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (None, Less than 5 hours, 5 to 14 hours, 15 to 29 hours, 30 to 59 hours, and 60 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006). It includes hours spent doing unpaid housework for members of one's own household, for other family members outside the household, and for friends or neighbours.

Unpaid housework does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, a religious organization, a charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 62

Hours spent looking after children, without pay
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent looking after children without getting paid for doing so. For example, this includes time spent taking care of one's own children or looking after the children of relatives, friends or neighbours. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (none, less than 5 hours, 5 to 14 hours, 15 to 29 hours, 30 to 59 hours, and 60 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent looking after children without pay. It includes hours spent providing unpaid child care for members of one's own household, for other family members outside the household, for friends or neighbours in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unpaid child care does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, a religious organization, a charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 63

Hours spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent providing care or assistance to elderly people without getting paid for doing so. This includes time spent giving personal care to an elderly relative, helping elderly neighbours with their shopping, and so on. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (None, Less than 5 hours, 5 to 9 hours, 10 to 19 hours, and 20 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors of one's own household, to other senior family members outside the household, and to friends or neighbours in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unpaid care or assistance to seniors does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, religious organization, charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 64

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class'. For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

Census questions relating to education changed substantially between 2001 and 2006, principally to reflect developments in Canada's education system. These changes improved the quality of data and provided more precise information on the level of educational attainment as well as fields of study.

However, users should be aware that changes to the education portion of the 2006 Census questionnaire have affected the comparability of some 2006 Census data with data from previous censuses. More information on the historical comparability of specific categories of 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

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Footnote 65

'High school certificate or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges, schools of nursing and universities.

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Footnote 66

'College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' replaces the category 'Other non university certificate or diploma' in previous censuses. This category includes accreditation by non degree-granting institutions such as community colleges, CEGEPs, private business colleges and technical institutes.

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Footnote 67

The overall quality of the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable from the 2006 Census is acceptable. However, users of the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor level' category should know that an unexpected growth in this category was noted compared to the 2001 Census.

In fact, in the 2001 Census, 2.5% of respondents aged 15 years or over declared such a diploma, compared to 4.4% in 2006, representing 89% growth. This phenomenon was not found in other sources like the Labour Force Survey.

We recommend users interpret the 2006 Census results for this category with caution.

For more information on factors that may explain such variances in census data, such as response errors and processing errors, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Appendix B: Data quality, sampling and weighting, confidentiality and random rounding.

More information is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

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Footnote 68

Questions pertaining to university degrees attained in 2006 (for example bachelor's degrees or master's degrees) were similar to those asked in 2001. Data for the university categories (bachelor's degree through to earned doctorate) are comparable over time.

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Footnote 69

'Field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level.

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Footnote 70

Includes Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.

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Footnote 71

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country where the highest certificate, diploma, or degree above high school level was completed.

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Footnote 72

Aboriginal ancestry
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors.
'Aboriginal ancestry' was referred to as 'Aboriginal origin' prior to the 2006 Census. The content of the variable remains unchanged in 2006 compared with previous censuses.

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Footnote 73

Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of a person's ancestors. Additional information on ethnic origin can be obtained from the 2006 Census Dictionary. 'Aboriginal ancestry' was referred to as 'Aboriginal origin' prior to the 2006 Census. The content of the variable remains unchanged in 2006 compared with the previous censuses.

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Footnote 74

Includes those who reported multiple Aboriginal ancestries or multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries to the ethnic origin question.

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Footnote 75

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 76

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 77

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 78

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 79

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Kurd,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 80

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 81

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 82

The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census.

The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile.

The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is less than the sum of multiple responses of each group because respondents reporting more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple responses categories for each of the groups they reported. For example: a respondent reporting Scottish and English origins is counted once under the 'Total Population - Multiple responses' category. However, the same respondent is counted once in the 'Scottish - Multiple responses' category and counted once in the 'English - Multiple responses' category.

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Footnote 83

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Footnote 84

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Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 87

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 88

'Total income' refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 2005 by persons 15 years of age and over:

- wages and salaries (total)
- net farm income
- net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice
- child benefits
- Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement
- benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan
- benefits from Employment Insurance
- other income from government sources
- dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income
- retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs
- other money income.

'After-tax income' refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2005.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic]), persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 89

Including loss.

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Footnote 90

For persons with income.

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Footnote 91

For persons with income.

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Footnote 92

For persons with income.

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Footnote 93

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Footnote 94

Including loss.

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Footnote 95

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 96

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 97

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2005 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2005. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2005 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2005, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the Net Income Stabilization Account (NISA). The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2005 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Average employment income of individuals - Average employment income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median employment income of individuals - The median employment income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average employment income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average employment income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings or any other source of income and after-tax income of persons 15 years of age and over not in families and households.

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Work activity - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in the reference year at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (1 to 29 hours per week). Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. The term 'Full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over who worked 49 to 52 weeks (mostly full time) in the reference year for pay or in self-employment.

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Includes persons who did not work in 2005 but reported employment income.

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Footnote 99

Worked 49 to 52 weeks in 2005, mostly full time.

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Footnote 100

Worked less than 49 weeks or worked mostly part time in 2005.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-555-XCB2006052.

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Footnote c

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Footnote d

XML (SDMX - ML) - Is a statistical data and metadata exchange standard for the electronic exchange of statistical information. Two extensible mark-up language (XML) files are provided in a compressed bundle.

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Related data

2006 Census analysis series:
2006 Census: The Evolving Linguistic Portrait, 2006 Census: Findings
2006 Census reference guides and technical reports:
Languages Reference Guide, 2006 Census